Unidirectional bone burr and rongeur

Abstract

The present invention provides a unidirectional bone burr and a rongeur. The unidirectional bone burr comprises a burr assembly comprising a burr head, a burr shank, and an outer sheath. The burr head is mounted at one end of the burr shank, and the outer sheath sleeves the burr shank. The burr shank is rotatable relative to the outer sheath to drive rotation of the burr head. The burr assembly is detachably connected to a power source assembly, with cooling channels thereof communicating with each other, so as to simultaneously cool a micro motor, a burr shaft, and the burr head through a single water injection, thereby achieving a good cooling effect. The burr shaft with the split design, by means of a fail-safe device, ensures that the burr shank and the burr head do not disengage from the outer sheath after failure of the burr shank and a metal wire, thereby improving surgical safety. A waterproof assembly secures the burr shaft with the split design by means of the fail-safe device, thereby ensuring that the burr shank and the burr head do not disengage from the outer sheath after failure of the burr shaft and the metal wire, thereby improving surgical safety. The rongeur strengthens the structural rigidity of a guide groove by increasing the wall thickness of the guide groove.

Description

One-way grinding head and rongeur Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of grinding heads, in particular to a one-way grinding head and a rongeur. Background Art

[0002] During some orthopedic surgeries, bone tissue grinding is sometimes necessary, leading to the development of orthopedic grinding heads. Traditional manual drills are inefficient during bone grinding operations, making it difficult to observe the surgical site and controlling the force. This makes it difficult to remove the less resilient bone tissue surrounding the surgical site and can easily cause unnecessary damage to the more resilient soft tissue, especially near the bone.

[0003] A Chinese patent application document with publication number CN111973249A discloses a water-cooled grinding head for surgery. The cooling water flows into the support rod assembly through a cooling device and flows out along the grinding handle to cool the grinding head. The driving device and the grinding head of this technical solution are of an integrated design, and the output of the driving device cannot be increased, and there is no protection against grinding head failure.

[0004] An eccentric sheathed grinding head is disclosed in a Chinese patent application document with publication number CN215018430U. By setting a bent grinding head and a sheath with an eccentric hole, a cooling device is also provided to cool the grinding head along the grinding handle. This technical solution is also an integral design, which cannot increase the output of the drive device and has no protection against grinding head failure.

[0005] A surgical grinding head is disclosed in a Chinese patent application document with publication number CN216455184U. This technical solution connects a speed change device to the output end of a motor to speed up the rotation of the grinding head and at the same time speed up the rotation of the impeller, driving the cooling water to flow rapidly, thereby achieving the purpose of quickly flushing and cooling the grinding head. In this technical solution, the rotation of the grinding head drives the rotation of the impeller, and the cooling water flows through the impeller, which has a sealing problem. In addition, the water cooling solution of this technical solution cannot cool the motor, and there is no protection against grinding head failure.

[0006] A Chinese patent application document with publication number CN216535426U discloses a cooling grinding head for surgery, in which the grinding handle drives the rotation of the impeller, and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the impeller drives the cooling water to flow rapidly. In this technical solution, the rotation of the grinding head drives the rotation of the impeller, and the cooling water flows through the impeller, which has a sealing problem. In addition, the water cooling solution of this technical solution cannot cool the motor, and there is no protection against grinding head failure.

[0007] The Chinese patent application document with publication number CN218606745U discloses a water-discharging grinding head in a sub-endoscopic support rod. The grinding head is driven to rotate by a transmission device in the handle to achieve rapid rotation of the output end, that is, a low-speed motor is used to drive the grinding head to rotate rapidly. The cooling water in orthopedic surgery can only be discharged through the tool channel position. The water pipe position is set separately, and it is impossible to cool the motor or the rod that drives the grinding head to rotate. The cooling effect is poor, and there is no protection against grinding head failure.

[0008] A Chinese patent application document with publication number CN116531043A discloses a surgical grinding head, in which a cooling water channel connected to a cavity groove is provided on the handle assembly. Cooling water is introduced into the grinding head through the cooling water channel and the cavity groove, and the vibration generated by the grinding head during rotation is reduced by abutment in the outer surface by a spring piece to achieve the purpose of smooth grinding. The cooling solution of this technical solution cannot cool the motor, the sealing of the cooling channel is poor, and there is no protection against grinding head failure.

[0009] A Chinese patent application document with publication number CN219700036U discloses a surgical grinding head, in which cooling water is introduced into the grinding head through a cooling water channel and a cavity groove. The cooling solution of this technical solution cannot cool the motor, the sealing of the cooling flow channel is poor, and there is no protection against grinding head failure.

[0010] At present, the market is in urgent need of a grinding head device that can cool the driving device, transmission device and grinding head of the grinding head device at the same time, has a good sealing of the cooling flow channel, and has protection against grinding head failure. Summary of the Invention

[0011] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a one-way grinding head and bone rongeurs.

[0012] The one-way grinding head provided by the present invention includes a drill bit assembly, wherein the drill bit assembly includes a drill bit, a grinding handle, and an outer tube. The drill bit is mounted on one end of the grinding handle, and the outer tube is sleeved on the grinding handle.

[0013] The grinding handle can rotate relative to the outer tube and drive the grinding drill bit to rotate.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a power source assembly and a cooling system, the drill bit assembly is detachably connected to the power source assembly; the output end of the power source assembly outputs torque; the drill bit assembly includes a drill bit and a drive assembly, and the drive assembly transmits the drill bit and the output end of the power source assembly; the cooling system cools the power source assembly and the drill bit assembly.

[0015] Preferably, the cooling system is integrated inside the drill bit assembly and the power source assembly, the water inlet of the cooling system is arranged at an end of the power source assembly away from the drill bit assembly, the water outlet of the power source assembly is connected to the water inlet of the drill bit assembly, and the water outlet of the drill bit assembly is close to the drill bit and can cool the drill bit.

[0016] Preferably, the power source assembly includes a micromotor, a motor housing, and a cooling jacket, the cooling jacket is sheathed on the outside of the micromotor, the motor housing is sheathed on the outside of the cooling jacket, a cooling channel allowing coolant to pass through is formed between the cooling jacket and the motor housing, a water inlet of the cooling channel is provided at an end of the motor housing away from the drill bit assembly, and a water outlet of the cooling channel is provided at an end of the motor housing close to the drill bit assembly;

[0017] The housing of the drill bit assembly is detachably connected to the motor housing. The detachable connection method between the housing of the drill bit assembly and the motor housing includes but is not limited to one or more connection structures or connectors with detachable functions in the prior art, such as threaded connection, clip connection, male-female connection, elastic block, clamp, etc. The output end of the micromotor is provided with a connecting female head, and the transmission shaft of the drive assembly is provided with a connecting male head. The connecting female head and the connecting male head are detachably connected.

[0018] Preferably, the drive assembly is arranged inside the housing of the drill bit assembly, and the drive assembly includes a transmission shaft and a gear speed change device. The power input end of the gear speed change device is transmission-connected to the drive shaft, and the power output end of the gear speed change device is transmission-connected to the drill bit through the grinding head rod.

[0019] Preferably, the grinding head rod is an integral structure or a split structure, the grinding head rod extends out of the housing of the drill bit grinding assembly, and a gap is provided between the grinding head rod and the housing of the drill bit grinding assembly to form a water outlet of the drill bit grinding assembly;

[0020] The grinding head rod of the integral structure drives the drill bit to be connected to the output end of the gear transmission device;

[0021] The split-structure grinding head rod includes a metal wire and a grinding handle, one end of the metal wire is connected to the gear speed change device, one end of the grinding handle is connected to the drill bit, and the other end of the metal wire and the other end of the drill bit are connected through a connecting assembly.

[0022] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes a transmission connecting sleeve, a connecting deep hole is provided at one end of the grinding handle away from the grinding drill bit, one end of the transmission connecting sleeve extends into the connecting deep hole and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting deep hole, and the end of the transmission connecting sleeve located outside the connecting deep hole is a failure protection sleeve, and the end face of the failure protection sleeve is fixedly connected to the end face of the grinding drill bit;

[0023] The metal wire extends into the transmission connection sleeve and extends its end portion outward, and the metal wire is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transmission connection sleeve.

[0024] Preferably, the outer sleeve of the grinding handle is provided with a shrapnel tube, the outer sleeve of the shrapnel tube is provided with a water sleeve, and a support sleeve is provided between the water sleeve and the outer shell of the grinding drill bit assembly.

[0025] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes a transmission connecting tube, the transmission connecting tube is sleeved with a grinding handle and a metal wire, the transmission connecting tube is fixedly connected to the grinding handle and the metal wire respectively, the metal wire is sleeved with a failure protection tube, the transmission connecting tube extends into the failure protection tube, a failure protection block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission connecting tube, and the failure protection slider is embedded in the inner wall of the failure protection tube.

[0026] Preferably, a waterproof component is provided between the cooling system integrated in the drill bit assembly and the gear transmission device.

[0027] According to the present invention, a medical grinding head is provided, comprising: a grinding head assembly for grinding bone tissue, the grinding head assembly comprising a grinding drill bit and a bendable grinding handle, the grinding drill bit being mounted on one end of the grinding handle;

[0028] The support assembly includes an outer tube with a water outlet on the side. The outer tube is sleeved on the grinding handle. The gap between the outer tube and the grinding handle forms a water injection channel. The water outlet is connected to the water injection channel.

[0029] Preferably, it further comprises a driving assembly, the driving assembly comprising a transmission shaft and a transmission member, the power input end of the transmission member is connected to the transmission shaft, and the power output end of the transmission member is connected to the grinding handle;

[0030] The transmission member includes a driving gear and a driven gear that mesh with each other. The driving gear is installed on the transmission shaft, and the driven gear is installed on the end of the grinding handle away from the drill bit. A bearing is installed between the outer tube and the grinding handle, and the bearing is located at the end of the outer tube close to the driven gear.

[0031] Preferably, the support assembly further comprises a shrapnel tube, the shrapnel tube is sleeved on the grinding handle and close to the grinding drill bit, and the shrapnel tube is provided with a vibration-damping shrapnel;

[0032] The outer tube is in a curved state, and one end of the outer tube away from the drill bit is provided with a water groove, and the water groove is communicated with the water injection channel;

[0033] A water pipe is also installed between the outer tube and the grinding handle. The water pipe is sleeved on the shrapnel tube. The water pipe includes a large tube and a small tube that are fixedly connected. The large tube is close to the grinding drill bit, and the outer wall of the large tube inserted into the outer tube is in contact with the inner wall of the outer tube. The small tube is sleeved with a first arc-shaped sleeve. The arc-shaped outer wall of the first arc-shaped sleeve is in contact with the inner wall of the outer tube. The axial notch formed by the first arc-shaped sleeve on the small tube is connected to the water outlet.

[0034] A support sleeve is further installed between the outer tube and the grinding handle, and the support sleeve includes a sleeve and a second arc-shaped sleeve sleeved on the sleeve. The sleeve is sleeved on the grinding handle, and the arc-shaped outer wall of the second arc-shaped sleeve is in contact with the inner wall of the outer tube. The gap formed between the second arc-shaped sleeve and the outer tube constitutes part of the water injection channel;

[0035] A support tube is also installed between the outer tube and the grinding handle. The support sleeve is located between the water pipe and the support tube. One end of the support tube has a flat square, and the water outlet of the water trough is located on the flat square.

[0036] Preferably, it further comprises a front shell, a spiral water-cooling interface and a sealing sleeve, wherein the front shell and the sealing sleeve are sealedly connected, the outer tube and the end of the grinding handle away from the drill bit are both inserted into the front shell, the water groove is located in the front shell, the outer wall of the spiral water-cooling interface is provided with a water flow channel and an axial through groove, the front shell is provided with a water through hole, the water through hole is located in the sealing sleeve, the water through hole is connected to the water groove, the water inlet end of the axial through groove is connected to the water flow channel, and the water outlet end of the axial through groove is connected to the water through hole;

[0037] A water cooling jacket is further provided between the spiral water cooling interface and the sealing sleeve. The water cooling jacket is provided at one end of the spiral water cooling interface away from the front shell. The water cooling jacket has an axial water groove which is connected to the water inlet end of the spiral channel.

[0038] According to the present invention, an orthopedic grinding head is provided, comprising:

[0039] A drill bit assembly is used for grinding bone tissue. The drill bit assembly comprises a drill bit and a grinding handle. The drill bit is mounted on one end of the grinding handle. The grinding handle is elastic and bendable.

[0040] A driving assembly, used for driving the grinding drill bit assembly to rotate;

[0041] The support assembly includes an outer tube and an arc-shaped guide sleeve, wherein the outer tube is mounted on the grinding handle and the arc-shaped guide sleeve is located between the outer tube and the grinding handle;

[0042] The sheath is used to hide and wrap a portion of the grinding drill bit. The sheath is connected to the outer tube, and the axis of the sheath intersects with the axis of the outer tube.

[0043] Preferably, the support assembly further comprises a first sleeve and a first support tube, wherein the first sleeve is sleeved on the grinding handle and is close to the grinding drill bit, and the first support tube is sleeved on the first sleeve, and the first sleeve and the first support tube are clearance-matched;

[0044] The sheath has a clearance groove and an eccentric hole, the clearance groove and the eccentric hole are connected, and the drill bit and one end of the first sleeve and the first support tube are all located in the clearance groove;

[0045] The grinding handle includes a connecting handle and a long handle, one end of the connecting handle is connected to the drill bit, and the other end is connected to the long handle, the long handle includes an elastic bending section and a straight section, and the elastic bending section is composed of a plurality of short handles connected;

[0046] A second sleeve is further provided between the outer tube and the grinding handle, the second sleeve being bendable and sleeved on the grinding handle;

[0047] The arc-shaped guide sleeve is sleeved on the second sleeve, and the arc-shaped outer wall of the arc-shaped guide sleeve is in contact with the inner wall of the outer tube;

[0048] The arc-shaped direction inside the arc-shaped guide sleeve first rises and then falls from the end away from the drill bit to the end close to the drill bit; the second sleeve is bent to fit the arc-shaped contour inside the arc-shaped guide sleeve.

[0049] Preferably, a second support tube is further provided between the outer tube and the grinding handle, the second support tube is sleeved on the grinding handle, and the second sleeve is located between the first sleeve and the second support tube;

[0050] The outer wall of the second support tube is provided with a flat square, and the gap between the flat square and the outer tube, and the gap between the arc-shaped guide sleeve and the outer tube constitute a water injection channel through which cooling water flows.

[0051] Preferably, the drive assembly includes an input shaft, and the end of the grinding handle away from the drill bit is connected to the input shaft; the drive assembly also includes a bearing sleeve, one end of which is internally mounted with a bearing, and the bearing sleeve is provided at the power output end of the input shaft;

[0052] It also includes a front shell, a water cooling jacket and a sealing jacket, the interior of the front shell has a stepped hole, the outer tube, the grinding handle and the second support tube are inserted into the front shell from the small hole of the stepped hole at one end away from the grinding drill bit, the front shell and the sealing jacket are sealed and connected, the sealing jacket is sleeved on the water cooling jacket, one end of the water cooling jacket is sleeved on the front shell, the outer wall of the water cooling jacket is provided with a spiral channel, the front shell has a water hole, the water inlet end of the water hole is connected with the water outlet end of the spiral channel, the water outlet end of the water hole is connected with the water injection channel, the outer wall of one end of the bearing sleeve is abutted against the inner wall of the front shell to form a seal.

[0053] According to the present invention, a single water injection drill bit mechanism includes a drill bit assembly and an outer tube. The drill bit assembly includes a drill bit and a grinding handle connected to the drill bit. The drill bit has a first cavity inside, and the drill bit has a water outlet. The water outlet is connected to the first cavity. The grinding handle has a second cavity at one end near the drill bit, and the second cavity is connected to the first cavity.

[0054] The outer tube is sleeved on the grinding handle and has a first water inlet hole. The first water inlet hole is used to inject water into the outer tube. A water flow channel is formed between the inner wall of the outer tube and the outer wall of the grinding handle. The water flow channel is connected to the first water inlet hole and the second cavity.

[0055] Preferably, the invention further comprises a support guide tube, wherein the support guide tube is sleeved on the grinding handle, and the inner wall of the outer tube contacts the outer wall of the support guide tube, and the outer wall of the support guide tube has a first flat square, and the gap between the first flat square and the inner wall of the outer tube constitutes a first channel, the first channel is part of the water flow channel, the first water inlet is located at one end of the first flat square, and the first water inlet is connected to the first channel;

[0056] A supporting cavity tube is sleeved between the outer tube and the grinding handle, and a second channel is provided inside the supporting cavity tube. The second channel is communicated with the first channel and is also part of the water flow channel.

[0057] The support cavity tube has a stepped hole and a guide groove inside, the stepped hole is located at the end of the support cavity tube away from the drill bit, the guide groove is opened on the inner wall of the support cavity tube, the guide groove is connected to the stepped hole to form a second channel, and the guide groove is connected to the second cavity;

[0058] The grinding handle is provided with a second water inlet hole on the wall of the second cavity, and the second water inlet hole is communicated with the guide groove and the second cavity;

[0059] A front support tube and a rear support tube are also provided between the support cavity tube and the grinding handle. The front support tube is sleeved on one end of the grinding handle close to the grinding drill bit. One end of the front support tube is close to the grinding drill bit, and the other end is inserted into the support cavity tube and avoids the second water inlet hole. The rear support tube is also sleeved on the grinding handle and avoids the second water inlet hole. The position of the rear support tube corresponds to the position of the guide groove.

[0060] According to the present invention, a rongeur is provided, characterized in that it includes a drill bit assembly, the drill bit assembly including a drill bit, a grinding handle and an outer tube, the drill bit is mounted on one end of the grinding handle, the outer tube is sleeved on the grinding handle, and the grinding handle can rotate relative to the outer tube and drive the drill bit to rotate;

[0061] It also includes a sheath shell, an adjustment mechanism and a handle. The adjustment mechanism and the drill bit assembly are both arranged on the handle. The adjustment mechanism has a pressure handle, and the adjustment mechanism controls the sheath shell to move forward and backward relative to the drill bit.

[0062] Preferably, a guide rod is fixedly connected to the pressing handle, the guide rod is sleeved on the outer tube, the guide rod connects the sheath shell and the pressing handle, and a return spring is provided between the pressing handle and the handle;

[0063] The whole formed by the handle, the guide rod and the sheath shell can move closer to or away from the handle along the direction of the outer tube.

[0064] Preferably, the shape of the inner wall of the end of the sheath shell is adapted to the shape of the end face of the drill bit, and the edge of the end of the sheath shell has a pointed tip, and a guide groove is provided on the peripheral side wall of the sheath shell, and the side edge of the drill bit enters the guide groove;

[0065] A gasket is provided between the sheath shell and the outer tube so that the central axis of the drill bit does not coincide with the central axis of the sheath shell.

[0066] Preferably, the front end of the grinding head of the drill bit is provided with a cutting edge, and the circumference is smooth.

[0067] Compared with the prior art, one or more embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0068] 1. By detachably connecting the drill bit assembly and the power source assembly and connecting the cooling channels of the two, a single water injection can cool the micro motor, the grinding head rod and the drill bit at the same time, with a good cooling effect.

[0069] 2. The split design of the grinding head rod can ensure that the grinding handle and the drill bit will not fall out of the outer tube if the grinding handle and the metal wire fail, thereby improving the safety of the operation.

[0070] 3. The gear transmission device is isolated from the cooling system by the cooperation of the first waterproof jacket, the second waterproof jacket, the structural support tube and the lining jacket, so that the coolant does not enter the gear transmission device, thereby improving the service life of the equipment.

[0071] 4. By adjusting the gear ratio of the driving gear and the driven gear to achieve variable speed rotation, it is possible to save motor costs while shortening the operation time, and to achieve a neat and stable wound surface at the bone tissue grinding position, which is beneficial to improving the treatment effect of bone tissue grinding or repair; on the other hand, the setting of the shrapnel tube and the design of the curved outer tube can reduce the vibration generated by the grinding drill bit during rotation to a certain extent, thereby meeting the purpose of smooth grinding; on the other hand, cooling water is injected into the axial water groove on the water cooling jacket through an external water injection mechanism. The cooling water flows through the axial water groove into the spiral channel, and then flows into the water hole of the front shell through the axial through groove, enters the outer tube through the water hole and the water groove, and finally flows out from the water outlet hole of the outer tube for cooling and flushing the grinding position, which is beneficial to improving the patient's comfort and improving the grinding efficiency.

[0072] 5. By adopting a partially hollow grinding handle and a cavity grinding drill bit, the injected cooling water flows out from the water outlet on the grinding drill bit and effectively reaches the grinding drill bit and the grinding position, which is beneficial to improving the cooling efficiency and cooling effect. The internal structure of the grinding head is simple and easy to use.

[0073] 6. Through the elastic bending section of the grinding handle, when the drill bit contacts bone tissue during rotation and the grinding position is not confirmed, it will give way and bounce out under the action of elastic force. After the grinding position is confirmed, the drill bit is controlled to squeeze the grinding position, and the elastic bending section bends, which can ensure the accuracy of the grinding position to a certain extent, and also provide guidance and a better operating angle. The sheath can partially block the grinding position of the drill bit, effectively protecting the soft tissue in the non-surgical area, and the setting of the give way groove can prevent the rotation of the drill bit from interfering with the sheath, so as to accommodate the configuration of larger drill bits. The larger the area of ​​the drill bit protruding from the sheath on one side, the easier it is to adjust the angle of the grinding operation, which is conducive to improving work efficiency.

[0074] 7. By arranging that the central axis of the rongeur grinding drill bit does not coincide with the central axis of the sheath shell, the groove wall of the guide groove can be designed to be thicker, thereby increasing the structural strength of the guide groove. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0075] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0076] FIG1 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of a drill bit grinding assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the power source assembly in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0078] FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly structure of the waterproof component in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the grinding handle and the steel hose in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0080] FIG5 is an exploded view of the connection structure between the grinding handle and the steel hose in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0081] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of another connection structure between the grinding handle and the steel hose in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the grinding head in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0083] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a grinding head in a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0084] FIG9 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a grinding head in a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0085] FIG10 is an enlarged view of point A in FIG9 in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0086] FIG11 is an enlarged view of point B in FIG9 in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0087] FIG12 is an enlarged structural diagram of the outer tube in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0088] FIG13 is an enlarged structural diagram of the water pipe in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0089] FIG14 is an enlarged structural diagram of the support tube in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0090] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the grinding head in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0091] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of a grinding head in a third embodiment of the present invention;

[0092] FIG17 is a cross-sectional view of a grinding head in a third embodiment of the present invention;

[0093] FIG18 is an enlarged structural diagram of point A in FIG17 in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0094] FIG19 is an enlarged structural diagram of point B in FIG17 in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0095] FIG20 is an enlarged structural diagram of the drill bit grinding assembly in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0096] FIG21 is an enlarged structural diagram of the arc-shaped guide sleeve in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0097] FIG22 is an enlarged structural diagram of the second support tube in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0098] FIG23 is a cross-sectional view of a drill bit grinding mechanism according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0099] FIG24 is a schematic structural diagram of a drill bit grinding mechanism according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0100] FIG25 is a partially enlarged structural diagram of a grinding head assembly in a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0101] FIG26 is an enlarged structural diagram of the supporting cavity tube in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0102] FIG27 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the grinding head in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0103] FIG28 is a cross-sectional view of a grinding head in a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0104] FIG29 is a schematic structural diagram of a grinding head in a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0105] FIG30 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rongeur in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0106] The figure shows: 110, grinding drill bit; 120, grinding handle; 210, transmission shaft; 220, driving gear; 230, driven gear; 240, bearing; 1001, micro motor; 1002, motor housing; 1003 cooling jacket; 1004, connecting female head; 1005, transmission shaft; 1006, connecting male head; 1007, front housing; 1008, spiral water cooling jacket; 1009, water cooling jacket; 1010, sealing jacket; 1011, outer tube; 1012, grinding head rod; 1013, metal wire; 1014, hard connecting pipe; 1015, structural support pipe; 1016, water trough; 1017, first waterproof jacket; 1018, second waterproof jacket; 1019, lining jacket; 1020, structural maintenance 1021 transmission connecting sleeve; 1022, connecting deep hole 1022; 1023, failure protection sleeve; 1024, shrapnel tube; 1025, water sleeve; 1026, support sleeve; 1027, transmission connecting pipe; 1028, failure protection pipe; 1029, failure protection block; 1030, external support sleeve; 1031, water injection channel pipe 1031; 1032, dredge hole; 1033, cooling water interface; 1034, oil injection hole; 2310, outer pipe; 2311, water outlet hole; 2312, water trough; 2320, shrapnel tube; 2330, water pipe; 2340, first arc sleeve; 2350, support sleeve; 2351, sleeve; 2352, second arc sleeve; 2360, support pipe; 2361, 2361 flat square; 2410, front shell; 2411, card slot; 2412, water hole; 2420, spiral water cooling interface; 2421, axial slot; 2422, water flow channel; 2430, sealing sleeve; 2431, snap ring; 2440, water cooling jacket; 2441, axial water groove; 3000, cavity; 3121, connecting handle; 3122, long handle; 31221, elastic bending section; 31222, straight section; 3210, input shaft; 3220, bearing sleeve; 3230, bearing; 3310, outer tube; 3320, first sleeve; 3330, first support tube; 3340, second sleeve; 3350, arc guide sleeve; 3360, second support tube; 3361 flat square; 3400, sheath 3410, clearance groove; 3510, front shell; 3511, card slot; 3512, water hole; 3520, water cooling jacket; 3521, notch; 3530, sealing sleeve; 3531, snap ring; 3540, water cooling interface 3540; 4100, drill bit assembly; 4111, first cavity; 4112, water outlet; 4121, second cavity; 41201, first section; 41202, second section; 4122, second water inlet; 4200, outer tube; 4210, first water inlet; 4220, through hole; 4230, water inlet groove; 4300, support guide tube; 4310, first flat square; 4320, blind hole; 4400, support cavity tube; 4410, step hole; 4420, guide groove;4510, front support tube; 4520, rear support tube; 4610, outer shell; 4611, first shell; 46111, ring groove; 46112, third water inlet; 4612, second shell; 46121, retaining ring; 4620, input shaft; 4700, water cooling interface; 4710, first water injection groove; 4720, spiral channel; 4730, second water injection groove; 4810, driven gear; 4820, driving gear; 4830, bearing; 4001, first channel; 4002, second channel; 5001, outer tube; 5002, sheath shell; 5003, handle; 5004, guide rod; 5005, return spring; 5006, guide groove; 5007, gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0107] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0108] Example 1

[0109] As shown in Figures 1 to 6, a unidirectional grinding head according to the present invention includes a drill bit assembly, a power source assembly, and a cooling system. The drill bit assembly 110 is detachably connected to the power source assembly. The output end of the power source assembly outputs torque. The drill bit assembly 110 includes the drill bit 110 and a drive assembly, which transmits a transmission connection between the drill bit 110 and the output end of the power source assembly. The cooling system cools the power source assembly and the drill bit assembly 110.

[0110] The cooling system is integrated inside the drill bit 110 assembly and the power source assembly. The water inlet of the cooling system is set at the end of the power source assembly away from the drill bit 110 assembly. The water outlet of the power source assembly is connected to the water inlet of the drill bit 110 assembly. The water outlet of the drill bit 110 assembly is close to the drill bit 110 and can cool the drill bit 110.

[0111] The power source assembly includes a micromotor 1001, a motor housing 1002, and a cooling jacket 1003. The cooling jacket 1003 is mounted on the outside of the micromotor 1001, and the motor housing 1002 is mounted on the outside of the cooling jacket 1003. A cooling channel is formed between the cooling jacket 1003 and the motor housing 1002 to allow coolant to pass through, constituting a cooling system within the power source assembly. The water inlet of the cooling channel is arranged at one end of the motor housing 1002 away from the drill bit 110 assembly. A cooling water interface 1033 is formed at the water inlet of the cooling channel. The cooling water interface 1033 can be connected to an infusion tube in a hospital. The water outlet of the cooling channel is arranged at one end of the motor housing 1002 close to the drill bit 110 assembly. It should be noted that the technical solution of this application does not specifically limit the shape of the coolant channel on the cooling jacket 1003. In a preferred embodiment, the coolant channel on the cooling jacket 1003 can be a spiral channel.

[0112] Furthermore, the motor housing 1002 is provided with an oil injection hole 1034, through which oil can be injected into the micromotor 1001 during use. Specifically, the oil injection hole 1034 can be located at the end of the motor housing 1002 away from the drill bit assembly, or on the side wall of the motor housing 1002.

[0113] The housing of the drill bit assembly is detachably connected to the motor housing 1002. The detachable connection method between the housing of the drill bit assembly and the motor housing 1002 includes but is not limited to one or more connection structures or connectors with detachable functions such as threaded connection, snap connection, male-female connection, elastic sheet, and clamp in the prior art. The output end of the micromotor 1001 is provided with a connecting female head 1004, and a connecting male head 1006 is provided on the transmission shaft 210 of the driving assembly. The connecting female head 1004 and the connecting male head 1006 are detachably connected.

[0114] The drill bit 110 assembly includes a front housing 1007, a spiral water-cooling jacket 1008, a water-cooling jacket 1009, a sealing sleeve 1010, and an outer tube 1011. The front housing 1007 and the sealing sleeve 1010 are sealed together. Specifically, the outer wall of the front housing 1007 has a circumferentially arranged groove, and the sealing sleeve 1010 has a retaining ring that fits into the groove and is sealed with glue. The outer tube 1011, at the end away from the drill bit 110, is inserted into the front housing 1007. The spiral water-cooling jacket 1008 and the water-cooling jacket 1009 are located within the sealing sleeve 1010. The outer wall of the spiral water-cooling jacket 1008 has a spiral channel and an axial through-groove. The front housing 1007 has a water hole located within the sealing sleeve 1010. The water inlet of the axial through-groove is connected to the spiral channel, and the water outlet of the axial through-groove is connected to the water hole. Water-cooling jacket 1009 is mounted on the end of spiral water-cooling jacket 1008 away from front housing 1007. It has an axial water groove that connects to the water inlet of the spiral channel. Outer tube 1011 is provided with a water channel 1016 that connects the water hole to the inner cavity of outer tube 1011. The inner wall of front housing 1007, water channel 1016 of outer tube 1011, the inner wall of outer tube 1011, and the flat square on the support tube together form a channel through which the cooling water flows. The water inlet of the axial water groove of the water cooling jacket 1009 is located on the end face of the drill bit 110 assembly close to the power source assembly. The water inlet of the axial water groove of the water cooling jacket 1009 can be connected to the water outlet of the cooling channel power source assembly. Preferably, a sealing ring is provided at the water inlet of the axial water groove of the water cooling jacket 1009. The sealing ring seals the connection between the water inlet of the axial water groove of the water cooling jacket 1009 and the water outlet of the cooling channel on the motor housing 1002 to prevent coolant from entering the inner cavity of the water cooling jacket 1009. Furthermore, a sealing ring is also provided at the connection between the water cooling jacket 1009 and the spiral water cooling jacket 1008 to prevent coolant from entering the interior of the drill bit assembly from the connection between the water cooling jacket 1009 and the spiral water cooling jacket 1008, thereby improving the waterproof protection of the internal components of the drill bit assembly.

[0115] The drive assembly is disposed within the housing of the drill bit 110 assembly and includes a transmission shaft 210 and a gear transmission. The power input end of the gear transmission is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft 210, and the power output end of the gear transmission is in transmission connection with the drill bit 110 via the grinding head rod 1012. The gear transmission is mounted within the inner cavity of the spiral water-cooling jacket 1008. One end of the grinding head rod 1012 is in transmission connection with the output end of the gear transmission. The grinding head rod 1012 passes through the inner cavity of the outer tube 1011 and extends from the end of the outer tube 1011 away from the gear transmission to be in transmission connection with the drill bit 110. A cooling channel is integrated in the inner cavity of the outer tube 1011. The coolant enters the cooling channel in the inner cavity of the outer tube 1011 from the water groove 1016 of the outer tube 1011. The coolant flows along the cooling channel to the end of the outer tube 1011 away from the gear transmission device and flows out from the gap between the outer tube 1011 and the grinding head rod 1012, thereby flushing and cooling the grinding drill bit 110.

[0116] The gear speed changing device includes a driving gear 220 and a driven gear 230. The transmission shaft 210 of the driving assembly is connected to the output end of the micromotor 1001 through the connecting male head 1006 and the connecting female head 1004. The driving gear 220 is coaxially installed on the transmission shaft 210, and the driven gear 230 is engaged with the driving gear 220. The grinding head rod 1012 is coaxially fixedly connected to the driven gear 230. The rotating shaft of the driven gear 230 is rotatably installed through the bearing 240. Under the action of the micromotor 1001, the transmission shaft 210 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the driving gear 220 to rotate. The driven gear 230 engaged with the driving gear 220 also rotates, thereby driving the grinding head rod 1012 to rotate. It should be noted that variable speed rotation can also be achieved by adjusting the gear ratio of the driving gear 220 and the driven gear 230. For example, when the speed of the external motor is low, a smaller gear ratio of the driving gear 220 and the driven gear 230 can be used to increase the speed of the grinding head rod 1012. This can save motor costs while shortening the operation time, and can achieve a neat and stable wound surface at the bone tissue grinding position, which is beneficial to improving the treatment effect of bone tissue grinding or repair.

[0117] It should be further explained that the grinding head rod 1012 is of an integral structure or a split structure, the grinding head rod 1012 extends out of the outer shell of the drill bit 110 assembly, and a gap exists between the grinding head rod 1012 and the outer shell of the drill bit 110 assembly to form a water outlet of the drill bit 110 assembly, that is, a gap exists between the grinding head rod 1012 and the outer tube 1011 to form the water outlet of the drill bit 110 assembly. Specifically, the grinding head rod 1012 is disposed inside the outer tube 1011, a cooling channel is provided between the grinding head rod 1012 and the outer tube 1011, and one end of the grinding head rod 1012 close to the drill bit 110 extends out of the outer tube 1011 and forms a water outlet.

[0118] In a feasible embodiment, the integrated grinding head rod 1012 drives the drill bit 110 to the output end of the gear transmission device. A water injection channel is formed between the grinding head rod 1012 and the outer tube 1011.

[0119] In one feasible embodiment, the split-structure grinding head rod 1012 includes a metal wire 1013 and a grinding handle 120. One end of the metal wire 1013 is connected to the gear transmission device, one end of the grinding handle 120 is connected to the drill bit 110, and the other end of the metal wire 1013 is connected to the other end of the grinding handle 120 via a connecting assembly. The metal wire 1013 in this embodiment mainly plays a transmission role. The metal wire 1013 can be a flexible filament or a rigid thin tube. The material of the metal wire 1013 can be steel wire or nickel-titanium alloy wire. This embodiment does not impose any additional restrictions on the material of the metal wire.

[0120] Specifically, a hard connecting tube 1014 is sleeved on the side of the metal wire 1013 near the gear transmission device. The metal wire 1013 is tightly connected to the hard connecting tube 1014. One end of the hard connecting tube 1014 coaxially penetrates into the rotating shaft of the driven gear 230 and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the driven gear 230, thereby achieving a transmission connection between the metal wire 1013 and the driven gear 230. The other end of the metal wire 1013 is fixedly connected to the grinding handle 120 via a connecting assembly.

[0121] A rigid connecting tube 1014 extends into the outer tube 1011 on the side away from the gear transmission. A structural support tube 1015 is disposed between the rigid connecting tube 1014 and the outer tube 1011, and is securely connected to the inner wall of the outer tube 1011. The structural support tube 1015 is fixedly connected to the front housing 1007 and located within the front housing 1007. Partially or entirely, the structural support tube 1015 is located on the side of the water channel 1016 of the outer tube 1011 that is closer to the gear transmission, preventing cooling water from entering the gear transmission. It should be noted that the structural support tube 1015 in this embodiment is preferably a plastic tube; conventional metal tubes are inadequate for this purpose.

[0122] A waterproof assembly is provided between the cooling system integrated into the drill bit assembly 110 and the gear transmission. This assembly includes a first waterproof sheath 1017 and a second waterproof sheath 1018. Both first and second waterproof sheaths 1017 and 1018 are positioned between the rigid connecting tube 1014 and the structural support tube 1015. These sheaths are spaced apart on the rigid connecting tube 1014, with the first waterproof sheath 1017 positioned adjacent to the gear transmission. An inner lining sheath 1019 is arranged between the second waterproof sheath 1018 and the structural support tube 1015. The inner lining sheath 1019 forms a step seal with the end faces of the second waterproof sheath 1018 and the structural support tube 1015, and the inner wall of the inner lining sheath 1019 covers the end of the hard connecting tube 1014 away from the gear transmission device, thereby preventing the coolant from entering the gear transmission device from the gap between the hard connecting tube 1014 and the structural support tube 1015.

[0123] Furthermore, both the outer tube 1011 and the structural support tube 1015 are provided with a dredge hole 1032, and the dredge hole 1032 on the outer tube 1011 communicates with the dredge hole 1032 on the structural support tube 1015. The dredge hole 1032 on the outer tube 1011 communicates with the external environment, and the dredge hole 1032 on the structural support tube 1015 is located between the first waterproof sheath 1017 and the second waterproof sheath 1018. In actual use of the product, if the sealing structure formed by the second waterproof sheath 1018 fails, some of the coolant that has entered between the first waterproof sheath 1017 and the second waterproof sheath 1018 can flow out through the dredge hole 1032 on the structural support tube 1015 and the dredge hole 1032 on the outer tube 1011. The first waterproof sheath 1017 can prevent the remaining coolant from entering the product device, thus achieving failure protection for the waterproof component and further improving the product's waterproof performance.

[0124] It should be noted that a structure retaining tube 1020 is sleeved over the steel hose between the inner lining sheath 1019 and the grinding handle 120 to ensure the stability of the steel hose's rotation. A slight gap exists between the structure retaining tube 1020 and the steel hose, and also between the structure retaining tube 1020 and the inner lining sheath 1019. Coolant inside the outer tube 1011 can enter the structure retaining tube 1020 to cool and lubricate the steel hose. A coolant channel is formed between the structure retaining tube 1020 and the outer tube 1011.

[0125] In one feasible embodiment, the connection assembly includes a transmission connection tube 1027, which is sleeved with the grinding handle 120 and the metal wire 1013. The transmission connection tube 1027 is fixedly connected to the grinding handle 120 and the metal wire 1013 respectively. A failure prevention tube 1028 is sleeved on the metal wire 1013, and the transmission connection tube 1027 extends into the failure prevention tube 1028. A failure prevention block 1029 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission connection tube 1027, and a failure prevention slider is embedded in the inner wall of the failure prevention tube 1028. The failure prevention slider and the failure prevention tube 1028 cooperate to prevent the grinding handle 120 and the grinding drill bit 110 from falling when the transmission connection between the grinding handle 120 and the metal wire 1013 fails, thereby ensuring the safety of the operation. Furthermore, an external support sleeve 1030 is sleeved on the transmission connecting tube 1027. The external support sleeve 1030 is fixedly connected to the transmission connecting tube 1027, and both the external support sleeve 1030 and the transmission connecting tube 1027 extend out of the outer tube 1011. A water injection channel 1031 is sleeved on the external support sleeve 1030. The water injection channel 1031 is located between the outer tube 1011 and the external support sleeve 1030. On the one hand, it supports the grinding handle 120 to ensure the stability of the grinding handle 120. On the other hand, the water injection channel on the water injection channel 1031 is connected to the coolant channel inside the outer tube 1011, allowing coolant to flow out of the outer tube 1011 to flush and cool the grinding drill bit 110. Furthermore, when the metal wire 1013 is connected to the transmission connecting tube 1027, the metal wire 1013 can be directly inserted into the transmission connecting tube 1027 and connected by gluing and welding, or a transition connecting tube can be sleeved on the metal wire 1013, and the end of the metal wire 1013 with the transition connecting tube can be extended into the transmission connecting tube 1027 and connected by gluing and welding.

[0126] In another feasible embodiment, the connection assembly includes a transmission connection sleeve 1021. A deep connection hole 1022 is defined at the end of the grinding handle 120 distal from the drill bit 110. One end of the transmission connection sleeve 1021 extends into the deep connection hole 1022 and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the deep connection hole 1022. The end of the transmission connection sleeve 1021, located outside the deep connection hole 1022, is provided with a failure protection sleeve 1023, the end surface of which is fixedly connected to the end surface of the grinding handle 120. A wire 1013 extends into the transmission connection sleeve 1021 and extends its end portion, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transmission connection sleeve 1021, thereby achieving a reliable transmission connection between the wire 1013 and the grinding handle 120. If the grinding handle 120 fails, i.e., the transmission connection between the wire 1013 and the grinding handle 120 is severed, the failure protection sleeve 1023 prevents the grinding handle 120 and the drill bit 110 from falling as a whole, thereby improving safety. Furthermore, the outer sleeve of the grinding handle 120 is provided with a shrapnel tube 1024, the outer sleeve of the shrapnel tube 1024 is provided with a water sleeve 1025, and a support sleeve 1026 is provided between the water sleeve 1025 and the outer shell of the drill bit 110 assembly. The outer shell of the drill bit 110 assembly is the outer tube 1011. The shrapnel tube 1024 is fixedly connected to the grinding handle 120, and the shrapnel tube 1024 is rotatably connected to the water sleeve 1025. The support sleeve 1026 is fixedly connected to the outer tube 1011. On the one hand, the grinding handle 120 is supported to reduce the vibration of the grinding handle 120. On the other hand, the water channel on the water sleeve 1025 is connected to the coolant channel inside the outer tube 1011, so that the coolant can flow out of the outer tube 1011 to flush and cool the drill bit 110.

[0127] In this embodiment, by connecting the cooling system inside the drill bit 110 assembly and the power source assembly, a single water injection can simultaneously cool the micromotor 1001, the grinding head rod 1012, and the drill bit 110, resulting in a good cooling effect. Furthermore, the split-designed grinding head rod 1012, with the aid of a failure protection device, can ensure that if the grinding handle 120 and the metal wire 1013 fail, the grinding handle 120 and the drill bit 110 will not fall from the outer tube 1011, thereby improving the safety of the operation. The first waterproof sheath 1017, the second waterproof sheath 1018, the structural support tube 1015, and the lining sheath 1019 cooperate to isolate the gear transmission from the cooling system, preventing coolant from entering the gear transmission, thereby increasing the service life of the equipment.

[0128] Example 2

[0129] The present application provides a medical grinding head, as shown in Figures 7 to 14. It should be noted in advance that the medical grinding head of this embodiment is equivalent to the unidirectional grinding head in Example 1, including a grinding head assembly, a drive assembly and a support assembly. The grinding head assembly is equivalent to the drill bit assembly in Example 1, and also includes a front shell 2410, a spiral water-cooling interface 2420 and a sealing sleeve 2430. The grinding head assembly is used to grind bone tissue. The grinding head assembly includes a drill bit 110 and a bendable grinding handle 120. The drill bit 110 is mounted on one end of the grinding handle 120. The drive assembly is used to drive the grinding head assembly to rotate. The drive assembly includes a transmission shaft 210 and a transmission member. The power input end of the transmission member is connected to the transmission shaft 210, the power output end of the transmission member is connected to the grinding handle 120, the power input end of the transmission shaft 210 is connected to an external power mechanism (such as a motor), and the transmission shaft 210 is inserted into the spiral water-cooling interface 2420. The support assembly includes an outer tube 2310 and a spring tube 2320. The outer tube 2310 is mounted on the grinding handle 120 and is bent to a preset bending angle using a special tool to achieve a certain vibration reduction effect on the grinding head during operation. The spring tube 2320 is mounted on the grinding handle 120 and is close to the drill bit 110. The spring tube 2320 has a vibration-damping spring. Specifically, the spring tube 2320 has an opening, and an inclined spring is installed in the opening. Generally, the grinding handle 120 is designed to be long and thin. When the grinding handle 120 rotates, it will inevitably cause a large jump in the middle of the grinding handle 120, which will affect the grinding of the grinding head. The spring provided on the spring tube 2320 is offset against the outer wall of the grinding handle 120, so that the jumping space of the grinding handle 120 is limited, that is, the jumping amplitude is reduced, which is conducive to the smooth rotation of the drill bit 110.

[0130] The transmission element includes a meshing driving gear 220 and a driven gear 230. The driving gear 220 is mounted on the transmission shaft 210, and the driven gear 230 is mounted on the end of the grinding handle 120 away from the drill bit 110. To enhance the stability of the grinding handle 120 during rotation and reduce friction damage, a bearing 240 is installed between the outer tube 2310 and the grinding handle 120. The bearing 240 is located at the end of the outer tube 2310 near the driven gear 230.

[0131] A water injection channel is formed between the outer tube 2310 and the grinding handle 120. The end of the outer tube 2310 close to the drill bit 110 has a water outlet 2311, and the end of the outer tube 2310 away from the drill bit 110 has a water groove 2312. The water outlet 2311 and the water groove 2312 are both connected to the water injection channel.

[0132] A water pipe 2330 is also installed between the outer tube 2310 and the grinding handle 120. The water pipe 2330 is sleeved on the shrapnel tube 2320. The water pipe 2330 includes a large tube and a small tube that are fixedly connected. The large tube is close to the grinding drill bit 110, and the outer wall of the large tube inserted into the outer tube 2310 is in contact with the inner wall of the outer tube 2310 to form a seal. A first arc-shaped sleeve 2340 is sleeved on the small tube. The arc-shaped outer wall of the first arc-shaped sleeve 2340 is in contact with the inner wall of the outer tube 2310. The axial notch formed by the first arc-shaped sleeve 2340 sleeved on the small tube is connected to the water outlet 2311.

[0133] A support sleeve 2350 is also installed between the outer tube 2310 and the grinding handle 120. The support sleeve 2350 includes a sleeve 2351 and a second curved sleeve 2352 that is mounted on the sleeve 2351. The sleeve 2351 is mounted on the grinding handle 120. The curved outer wall of the second curved sleeve 2352 abuts against the inner wall of the outer tube 2310. The gap formed between the second curved sleeve 2352 and the outer tube 2310 constitutes part of the water injection channel and communicates with the gap between the first curved sleeve 2340 and the outer tube 2310. A support tube 2360 is also installed between the outer tube 2310 and the grinding handle 120. The support sleeve 2350 is located between the water pipe 2330 and the support tube 2360. One end of the support tube 2360 has a flat square 2361, and the water outlet of the water trough 2312 is located on the flat square 2361.

[0134] The front shell 2410 and the sealing sleeve 2430 are sealed and connected. Specifically, the outer wall of the front shell 2410 has a circumferentially arranged groove 2411, and the sealing sleeve 2430 has a snap ring 2431. The snap ring 2431 is embedded in the groove 2411 and sealed with glue.

[0135] The outer tube 2310 and the end of the grinding handle 120 away from the grinding drill bit 110 are both inserted into the front housing 2410. The water groove 2312 is located in the front housing 2410. The outer wall of the spiral water-cooling interface 2420 has a spiral channel 2422 and an axial groove 2421. The front housing 2410 has a water hole 2412, which is located in the sealing sleeve 2430. The water inlet end of the axial groove 2421 is connected to the water flow channel 2422, and the water outlet end of the axial groove 2421 is connected to the water hole 2412. A water cooling jacket 2440 is also provided between the spiral water-cooling interface 2420 and the sealing sleeve 2430. The water cooling jacket 2440 is mounted on the end of the spiral water-cooling interface 2420 away from the front housing 2410. The water cooling jacket 2440 has an axial water groove 2441, which is connected to the water inlet end of the water flow channel 2422. The inner wall of the front housing 2410, the water groove of the outer tube 2310, and the inner wall of the outer tube 2310 and the flat square 2361 on the support tube 2360 together form a cavity through which cooling water flows. It should be noted that the technical solution of this application does not specifically limit the shape of the water flow channel 2422. The water flow channel 2422 can be a spiral channel or a channel of other regular or irregular shapes, such as a linear channel.

[0136] It should be noted that the design of the cooling channels within the outer tube 2310 and the sealing sleeve 2430 in the second embodiment is also applicable to the technical solution of the first embodiment. Furthermore, based on the cooling channels within the outer tube 2310 and the sealing sleeve 2430 in the second embodiment, the water outlet 2311 on the outer tube 2310 can be disposed at the end of the outer tube 2310 near the drill bit 110.

[0137] The unidirectional grinding head of this embodiment connects the power input end of the transmission shaft 210 to an external power mechanism (e.g., a motor). Under the action of the external power mechanism, the transmission shaft 210 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the driving gear 220 to rotate, and the driven gear 230 meshing with the driving gear 220 also rotates accordingly, thereby driving the grinding handle 120 to rotate. In an embodiment, the transmission member can also achieve variable speed rotation by adjusting the gear ratio of the driving gear 220 and the driven gear 230. For example, when the speed of the external motor is low, a smaller gear ratio of the driving gear 220 and the driven gear 230 can be used to increase the speed of the grinding handle 120. This can save motor costs while shortening the surgical time, and can achieve a neat and stable wound surface at the bone tissue grinding position, which is conducive to improving the treatment effect of bone tissue grinding or repair.

[0138] The one-way grinding head of this embodiment injects cooling water into the axial water groove 2441 on the water-cooling jacket 2440 through an external water injection mechanism. The cooling water flows through the axial water groove 2441 into the spiral channel 2422, and then flows into the water hole 2412 of the front shell 2410 from the axial groove 2421, enters the water groove 2312 through the water hole 2412, and then flows from the outlet of the water groove 2312 to the flat square 2361 on the support tube 2360, flows through the gap between the flat square 2361 and the outer tube 2310 into the gap between the second arc-shaped sleeve and the inner wall of the outer tube 2310, and then flows through the gap between the water pipe 2330 and the outer tube 2310, and finally flows out from the water outlet of the outer tube 2310, and is used to cool and flush the grinding position, which is beneficial to improving the patient's comfort and improving the grinding efficiency.

[0139] Example 3

[0140] The present application provides an orthopedic grinding head, as shown in Figures 15 to 22. It should be noted that the orthopedic grinding head in this embodiment is equivalent to the unidirectional grinding head in Example 1, and includes a drill bit assembly, a drive assembly, a support assembly, and a sheath sleeve 3400, as well as a front shell 3510, a water-cooling jacket 3520, and a sealing sleeve 3530. The drill bit assembly is used to grind bone tissue. The drill bit assembly includes a drill bit 110 and a grinding handle 120. The drill bit 110 is mounted on one end of the grinding handle 120. The grinding handle 120 is elastic and can be bent. The drive assembly is used to drive the drill bit 110 assembly to rotate. The support assembly includes an outer tube 3310, a first sleeve 3320, and a first support tube 3330. The outer tube 3310 and the first sleeve 3320 are both mounted on the grinding handle 120. The first sleeve 3320 is adjacent to the grinding drill bit 110. The first support tube 3330 is mounted on the first sleeve 3320, and the first sleeve 3320 and the first support tube 3330 are loosely matched. The sheath 3400 is used to conceal and wrap a portion of the grinding drill bit 110, thereby protecting the surrounding bone tissue during bone grinding and improving surgical safety to a certain extent. The sheath 3400 is connected to the outer tube 3310, and the axis of the sheath 3400 intersects the axis of the outer tube 3310, that is, the sheath 3400 and the outer tube 3310 are connected to form a bend at a certain angle.

[0141] The grinding handle 120 includes a connecting handle 3121 and a long handle 3122. The diameter of the connecting handle 3121 is larger than the diameter of the long handle 3122. One end of the connecting handle 3121 is fixedly connected to the grinding drill bit 110, and the other end is fixedly connected to the long handle 3122. The long handle 3122 includes a fixedly connected elastic curved section 31221 and a straight section 31222. The elastic curved section 31221 is composed of a plurality of short handles connected together to improve the strength and toughness of the grinding handle. The elastic curved section 31221 composed of a plurality of short handles can realize the elastic bending function of the grinding handle 120. The sheath 3400 and the outer tube 3310 are connected to form a bend at a certain angle. The elastic curved section 31221 follows the curved state to form a state. During the grinding operation, some hidden bone tissue parts can be processed, and the field of view can be avoided to facilitate observation of the surgical site.

[0142] The outer surface of the first sleeve 3320 is coated with a wear-resistant coating made of a relatively wear-resistant material, such as silicon dioxide. The first sleeve 3320 rotates with the grinding handle 120 as it rotates. Therefore, the wear-resistant coating reduces friction losses caused by the rotation of the grinding handle 120. The first sleeve 3320 is mounted over the connecting handle 3121 and the partially elastically curved section 31221. The first support tube 3330 is secured to the end of the outer tube 3310 near the drill bit 110.

[0143] The sheath 3400 has a clearance groove 3410 and an eccentric hole. The clearance groove 3410 and the eccentric hole are connected. The first sleeve 3320 and one end of the first support tube 3330, as well as the grinding drill bit 110, are all located in the clearance groove 3410. The other ends of the first sleeve 3320 and the first support tube 3330 pass through the eccentric hole and are located in the outer tube 3310. The first sleeve 3320 and the first support tube 3330 have a clearance fit, which helps reduce the diameter of the first support tube 3330, thereby creating a larger clearance space between the clearance groove 3410 and the outer tube 3310, thereby providing a better field of view when grinding tissue.

[0144] A second sleeve 3340 is disposed between the outer tube 3310 and the grinding handle 120. This second sleeve 3340 is elastic and bendable. When mounted on the grinding handle 120, it bends in accordance with the elastic bending section 31221 of the grinding handle 120. This configuration enhances the overall strength and toughness of the grinding handle 120. A curved guide sleeve 3350 is mounted on the second sleeve 3340, further providing strong support for the grinding handle 120. The curved outer wall of the curved guide sleeve 3350 abuts against the inner wall of the outer tube 3310. Referring to Figure 7 , the curved guide sleeve 3350 is a circular rod-shaped structure with slots extending through both ends. A second support tube 3360 is positioned between the outer tube 3310 and the grinding handle 120. The second support tube 3360 is sleeved onto the grinding handle 120. The second sleeve 3340 is positioned between the first sleeve 3320 and the second support tube 3360. The second support tube 3360 supports the portion of the grinding handle 120 away from the drill bit 110. The curved interior of the curved guide sleeve 3350 rises and then descends from the end away from the drill bit 110 toward the end closer to the drill bit 110. The second sleeve 3340 bends to conform to the curved contour of the curved guide sleeve 3350.

[0145] The outer wall of the second support tube 3360 has a flat square 3361. The gap between the flat square 3361 and the outer tube 3310, as well as the gap between the curved guide sleeve 3350 and the outer tube 3310, forms a water injection channel for cooling water to flow through. It should be noted that the second support tube 3360 in this embodiment is a plastic tube, and a traditional metal tube would not be able to achieve the desired effect.

[0146] The drive assembly includes an input shaft 3210, to which the end of the grinding handle 120 away from the drill bit 110 is connected. Specifically, one end of the straight section 31222 of the grinding handle 120 is inserted into the input shaft 3210. The drive assembly also includes a bearing sleeve 3220, one end of which is internally mounted with a bearing 3230. The bearing sleeve 3220 is located at the power output end of the input shaft 3210. The presence of the bearing 3230 helps to stabilize the grinding handle 120 during rotation and reduces friction damage.

[0147] The front housing 3510 has a stepped hole inside. The outer tube 3310, the grinding handle 120, and the second support tube 3360, at the ends away from the drill bit 110, are all inserted into the front housing 3510 through the small hole in the stepped hole. The front housing 3510 and the sealing sleeve 3530 are sealed together. Specifically, a retaining groove 3511 is circumferentially provided on the outer wall of the front housing 3510. The sealing sleeve 3530 is provided with a retaining ring 3531, which is inserted into the retaining groove 3511 and sealed with glue. The sealing sleeve 3530 is mounted on the water-cooling jacket 3520, one end of which is mounted on the front housing 3510. A spiral channel is formed on the outer wall of the water-cooling jacket 3520, and a water hole 3512 is formed on the front housing 3510. The water inlet of the water hole 3512 is connected to the water outlet of the spiral channel. Specifically, a notch 3521 is formed at the end of the water-cooling jacket 3520 near the front housing 3510. The position of the notch 3521 corresponds to and communicates with the water hole 3512. The water outlet of the water hole 3512 is connected to the water injection channel. The outer wall of one end of the bearing sleeve 3220 abuts against the inner wall of the front housing 3510 to form a seal. Specifically, the outer diameter of the end of the bearing sleeve 3220 away from the bearing is smaller than the outer diameter of the end where the bearing 3230 is installed, that is, the outer wall of the end of the bearing sleeve 3220 away from the bearing 3230 and the large hole wall of the stepped hole and the outer wall of the second support tube 3360 are combined to form a cavity 3000, and the cavity 3000 is connected to the channel formed between the flat square 3361 and the outer tube 3310, and the water hole 3512 is connected to the cavity 3000.

[0148] A water cooling interface 3540 is provided in the water cooling jacket 3520 . The water cooling jacket 3520 is sleeved on the water cooling interface 3540 . The input shaft 3210 is passed through the water cooling interface 3540 .

[0149] In the one-way grinding head of this embodiment, the power input end of the input shaft 3210 is connected to an external power mechanism (such as a motor), and the power output end of the input shaft 3210 is connected to the grinding handle 120. When the input shaft 3210 rotates under the action of the external power mechanism, the grinding handle 120 rotates accordingly. During the rotation process, the elastic bending section 31221 of the grinding handle 120 will give way and bounce away under the action of elastic force when the drill bit 110 contacts the bone tissue and the grinding position is not confirmed. After the grinding position is confirmed, the drill bit 110 is controlled to squeeze the grinding position, and the elastic bending section 31221 bends, which can ensure the accuracy of the grinding position to a certain extent, and can also guide and provide a better operating angle. The setting of the sheath 3400 can cover part of the grinding position of the drill bit 110, effectively protecting the soft tissue in the non-surgical position, and the setting of the clearance groove 3410 can prevent the rotation of the drill bit 110 from interfering with the sheath 3400, so as to adapt to the configuration of a larger-sized drill bit 110. The larger the area of ​​the drill bit 110 protruding from the sheath 3400 on one side, the easier it is to adjust the angle of the grinding operation, which is conducive to improving work efficiency.

[0150] Example 4

[0151] The present application provides a water-injected drill bit mechanism and an orthopedic grinding head, as shown in Figures 23 to 29. It should be noted that the water-injected drill bit mechanism in this embodiment is equivalent to the one-way grinding head in Example 1, including a drill bit assembly 4100 and an outer tube 4200. The drill bit assembly 4100 includes a drill bit 110 and a grinding handle 120 connected to the drill bit 110. The drill bit 110 has a first cavity 4111 inside, and a water outlet hole 4112 on the drill bit 110. The water outlet hole 4112 is connected to the first cavity 4111. The grinding handle 120 has a second cavity 4121 at one end close to the drill bit 110, and the second cavity 4121 is connected to the first cavity 4111. The outer tube 4200 is sleeved on the grinding handle 120, and has a first water inlet hole 4210 on the outer tube 4200. The first water inlet hole 4210 is used to inject water into the hollow interior of the outer tube 4200. A water flow channel is formed between the inner wall of the outer tube 4200 and the outer wall of the grinding handle 120. The water flow channel is connected to the first water inlet hole 4210 and the second cavity 4121.

[0152] In order to better set the second cavity 4121 inside the grinding handle 120, the grinding handle 120 includes a first section 41201 and a second section 41202. The first section 41201 of the grinding handle 120 is connected to the drill bit 110. The outer diameter of the first section 41201 of the grinding handle 120 is greater than the outer diameter of the second section 41202 of the grinding handle 120. The second cavity 4121 is located in the first section 41201 of the grinding handle 120.

[0153] The water-injected grinding drill bit 110 mechanism also includes a support guide tube 4300, which is sleeved on the grinding handle 120, and the inner wall of the outer tube 4200 is in tight contact with the outer wall of the support guide tube 4300. The outer wall of the support guide tube 4300 has a first flat square 4310. The gap between the first flat square 4310 and the inner wall of the outer tube 4200 constitutes a first channel 4001. The first channel 4001 is part of the water flow channel. The first water inlet hole 4210 is located at one end of the first flat square 4310, and the first water inlet hole 4210 is communicated with the first channel 4001.

[0154] The support guide tube 4300 also has a blind hole 4320, and the outer tube 4200 has a through hole 4220 at a position corresponding to the blind hole 4320. The center lines of the through hole 4220 and the blind hole 4320 coincide with each other. Screws or pins are passed through the through hole 4220 and the blind hole 4320 to achieve a fixed connection between the support guide tube 4300 and the outer tube 4200, thereby preventing the support guide tube 4300 from rotating with the grinding handle 120.

[0155] A support hollow tube 4400 is sleeved between the outer tube 4200 and the grinding handle 120. A second channel 4002 is defined within the support hollow tube 4400. The second channel 4002 communicates with the first channel 4001 and also forms part of the water flow path. The support hollow tube 4400 and the support guide tube 4300 can be spaced at one end or just touching. Alternatively, one end of the support guide tube 4300 can be inserted into the support hollow tube 4400. However, the second channel 4002 must remain connected to the first channel 4001.

[0156] The support hollow tube 4400 has a stepped hole 4410 and a guide groove 4420. The stepped hole 4410 is located at the end of the support hollow tube 4400 away from the drill bit 110. The guide groove 4420 is formed on the inner wall of the support hollow tube 4400. The guide groove 4420 and the stepped hole 4410 are connected to form the second channel 4002. The guide groove 4420 is in communication with the second cavity 4121. The end of the support hollow tube 4400 near the drill bit 110 extends out of the outer tube 4200. The outer wall of the support hollow tube 4400 extending out of the outer tube 4200 is flush with the outer wall of the outer tube 4200.

[0157] A second water inlet hole 4122 is defined on the wall of the second cavity 4121 of the grinding handle 120 . The second water inlet hole 4122 communicates with both the guide groove 4420 and the second cavity 4121 .

[0158] In order to make the grinding handle 120 more stable during the grinding process, a front support tube 4510 and a rear support tube 4520 are further provided between the support cavity tube 4400 and the grinding handle 120. The front support tube 4510 is sleeved on one end of the grinding handle 120 close to the grinding drill bit 110. One end of the front support tube 4510 is close to the grinding drill bit 110, and the other end is inserted into the support cavity tube 4400 and avoids the second water inlet hole 4122. The rear support tube 4520 is also sleeved on the grinding handle 120 and avoids the second water inlet hole 4122. The position of the rear support tube 4520 corresponds to the position of the guide groove 4420.

[0159] During the grinding process, when water injection for cooling is required, water enters the first channel 4001 from the first water inlet hole 4210 on the outer tube 4200, flows along the first channel 4001 to the second channel 4002, flows from the step hole 4410 to the guide groove 4420 in the second channel 4002, enters the second cavity 4121 through the second water inlet hole 4122, flows from the second cavity 4121 to the first cavity 4111, and flows out from the water outlet hole 4112 on the drill bit 110. The water flowing out from the drill bit 110 can directly act on the grinding position and the drill bit 110, which can not only cool the tissue at the grinding position, but also effectively cool the drill bit 110, which is beneficial to improving the cooling efficiency and cooling effect. In addition, water is injected into the second cavity 4121 inside the grinding handle 120 near the drill bit 110 to cool the grinding handle 120 during the grinding process, thereby extending the service life of the drill bit 110 assembly 100 to a certain extent.

[0160] This embodiment describes an orthopedic grinding head. This embodiment is equivalent to the unidirectional grinding head described in Example 1 and includes the aforementioned water-injected grinding drill mechanism. The unidirectional grinding head also includes a handle assembly, which includes a housing 4610 and an input shaft 4620. Input shaft 4620 is used to connect to an external power mechanism, such as a motor, and is driven by the external power mechanism to drive input shaft 4620 to rotate. An outer tube 4200 is inserted into housing 4610. Input shaft 4620 is in driving connection with the grinding handle 120. A water inlet channel is provided within the handle assembly, the outlet of which communicates with first channel 4001.

[0161] Housing 4610 includes a first shell 4611 and a second shell 4612. First shell 4611 is inserted into second shell 4612, and the two are sealed together. Specifically, first shell 4611 has an annular groove 46111 on its outer wall, and second shell 4612 has a retaining ring 46121. Retaining ring 46121 is embedded in annular groove 46111 and sealed with sealant. Outer tube 4200 is inserted into first shell 4611 and has a water inlet groove 4230 on its outer wall. Water inlet groove 4230 communicates with first water inlet hole 4210 and is located within first shell 4611. A water cooling interface 4700 is installed in the second shell 4612, and the water cooling interface 4700 is sleeved on the input shaft 4620. The outer wall of the water cooling interface 4700 has a first water injection groove 4710, a spiral channel 4720, and a second water injection groove 4730 that are connected in sequence. The first shell 610 has a third water inlet hole 46112, and the third water inlet hole 46112 is located in the second shell 610. The water outlet end of the second water injection groove 4730 is connected to the third water inlet hole 46112, and the water outlet end of the third water inlet hole 46112 is connected to the water inlet groove 4230.

[0162] A driven gear 4810 is fixed to the end of the grinding handle 120 away from the drill bit 110. A driving gear 4820 is fixed to the input shaft 4620, and the driven gear 4810 and the driving gear 4820 are meshed. A bearing 4830 is installed between the input shaft 4620 and the water cooling interface 4700. A bearing 4830 is also installed between the outer tube 4200 and the grinding handle 120 near the driven gear 4810. When the input shaft 4620 rotates, the driving gear 4820 rotates accordingly. The driven gear 4810, meshed with the driving gear 4820, also rotates accordingly, driving the grinding handle 120 and the drill bit 110 to rotate and grind bone tissue.

[0163] Water is injected into the first water injection groove 4710 on the water-cooling interface 4700 through an external water injection mechanism. The injected water flows through the first water injection groove 4710, the spiral channel 4720 and the second water injection groove 4730, and enters the water inlet groove 4230 from the third water inlet hole 46112, then enters the water flow channel through the first water inlet hole 4210 and then flows to the second cavity 4121 and the first cavity 4111, and flows out from the water outlet hole 4112 on the drill bit 110.

[0164] Example 5

[0165] Based on the first or second embodiment, as shown in FIG30 , the present invention further provides a rongeur, including a drill bit 110 assembly, the drill bit 110 assembly including the drill bit 110, a grinding handle 120, and an outer tube 5001. The drill bit 110 is mounted on one end of the grinding handle 120, and the outer tube 5001 is sleeved on the grinding handle 120. The grinding handle 120 can rotate relative to the outer tube 5001 and drive the drill bit 110 to rotate. The drill bit 110 assembly of the present application can adopt the drill bit 110 assembly of the first embodiment.

[0166] The device further comprises a sheath shell 5002, an adjustment mechanism, and a handle 5003. The adjustment mechanism and the drill bit 110 assembly are both disposed on the handle 5003. The adjustment mechanism includes a pressure handle 5008, which controls the forward and backward movement of the sheath shell 5002 relative to the drill bit 110. The pressure handle 5008 is fixedly connected to a guide rod 5004, which is sleeved on the outer tube 5001 and connects the sheath shell 5002 to the pressure handle 5008. A return spring 5005 is disposed between the pressure handle 5008 and the handle 5003. The handle 5003, guide rod 5004, and sheath shell 5002 can be moved toward or away from the handle 5003 along the direction of the outer tube 5001.

[0167] The staff manually presses the pressure handle 5008 to move it toward the handle 5003, and the sheath shell 5002 moves toward the drill bit 110. When the pressure handle 5008 is released, the pressure handle 5008 is reset under the action of the reset spring 5005, and the sheath shell 5002 moves away from the drill bit 110.

[0168] Specifically, the drill bit 110 has an end-edge structure, and the sheath shell 5002 has a semi-enclosed structure. The inner wall shape of the end of the sheath shell 5002 is adapted to the end face shape of the drill bit 110, and the edge of the end of the sheath shell 5002 has a sharp edge. The peripheral sidewall of the sheath shell 5002 is provided with a guide groove 5006, and the side edge of the drill bit 110 enters the guide groove 5006. A gasket 5007 is provided between the sheath shell 5002 and the outer tube 5001 to prevent the central axis of the drill bit 110 from coinciding with the central axis of the sheath shell 5002.

[0169] It should be noted that: the traditional bone-cutting forceps grinding head is made of diamond abrasive, and the entire cutting head can cut. The technical solution of this embodiment only provides a cutting edge at the front end of the grinding head of the drill bit 110. The grinding head of the drill bit 110 is smooth circumferentially, which can further reduce the space, increase the wall thickness of the guide groove 5006, and increase the strength.

[0170] The reason for not sharpening the sides of the drill bit 110 is to prevent the drill bit 110 from contacting and damaging the guide groove 5006. Without sharpening the sides of the drill bit 110, the guide groove 5006 can be closer to the drill bit 110, allowing the walls of the guide groove 5006 to be designed thicker, thereby increasing the structural strength of the guide groove 5006. The hole in the sheath shell 5002 is an eccentric hole, and the gasket 5007 prevents the central axis of the drill bit 110 from coinciding with the central axis of the sheath shell 5002. This not only protects the side walls of the guide groove 5006, but also allows the walls of the guide groove 5006 to be designed thicker, thereby increasing the structural strength of the guide groove 5006.

[0171] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0172] The above describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. The embodiments of this application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other in any manner unless there is a conflict.

Claims

1. A unidirectional grinding head, characterized in that, The drill bit assembly comprises a drill bit, a grinding handle and an outer tube, wherein the drill bit is mounted on one end of the grinding handle, and the outer tube is sleeved on the grinding handle; The grinding handle can rotate relative to the outer tube and drive the grinding drill bit to rotate.

2. The one-way grinding head according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a power source assembly and a cooling system, and the drill bit assembly is detachably connected to the power source assembly; The output end of the power source assembly outputs torque; The drill bit grinding assembly comprises a drill bit grinding and a driving assembly, wherein the driving assembly drives and connects the drill bit grinding and the output end of the power source assembly; The cooling system cools the power source assembly and the drill bit assembly.

3. The one-way grinding head according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cooling system is integrated inside the drill bit assembly and the power source assembly. The water inlet of the cooling system is arranged at one end of the power source assembly away from the drill bit assembly. The water outlet of the power source assembly is connected to the water inlet of the drill bit assembly. The water outlet of the drill bit assembly is close to the drill bit and can cool the drill bit.

4. The one-way grinding head according to claim 2, wherein The power source assembly includes a micromotor, a motor housing, and a cooling jacket, wherein the cooling jacket is sleeved on the outside of the micromotor, and the motor housing is sleeved on the outside of the cooling jacket, and a cooling channel for allowing coolant to pass through is formed between the cooling jacket and the motor housing, and a water inlet of the cooling channel is arranged at an end of the motor housing away from the drill bit assembly, and a water outlet of the cooling channel is arranged at an end of the motor housing close to the drill bit assembly; The housing of the drill bit assembly is detachably connected to the motor housing, a connecting female head is provided at the output end of the micromotor, a connecting male head is provided on the transmission shaft of the driving assembly, and the connecting female head and the connecting male head are detachably connected.

5. The one-way grinding head according to claim 2, wherein, The drive assembly is arranged inside the housing of the drill bit assembly, and the drive assembly includes a transmission shaft and a gear speed change device. The power input end of the gear speed change device is transmission-connected to the drive shaft, and the power output end of the gear speed change device is transmission-connected to the drill bit through a grinding head rod.

6. The one-way grinding head according to claim 5, characterized in that, The grinding head rod is an integral structure or a split structure, the grinding head rod extends out of the housing of the drill bit grinding assembly, and there is a gap between the grinding head rod and the housing of the drill bit grinding assembly to form a water outlet of the drill bit grinding assembly; The grinding head rod of the integral structure drives the drill bit to be connected to the output end of the gear transmission device; The grinding head rod of the split structure includes a metal wire and a grinding handle, one end of the metal wire is transmission connected to the gear speed change device, one end of the grinding handle is connected to the drill bit, and the other end of the metal wire and the other end of the grinding handle are transmission connected through a connecting assembly.

7. The one-way grinding head according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connection assembly includes a transmission connection sleeve, a connection deep hole is provided at one end of the grinding handle away from the grinding drill bit, one end of the transmission connection sleeve extends into the connection deep hole and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connection deep hole, and one end of the transmission connection sleeve located outside the connection deep hole is a failure protection sleeve, and the end face of the failure protection sleeve is fixedly connected to the end face of the grinding drill bit; The metal wire extends into the transmission connection sleeve and extends the end thereof, and the metal wire is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transmission connection sleeve.

8. A one-way grinding head according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer sleeve of the grinding handle is provided with a spring tube, the outer sleeve of the spring tube is provided with a water sleeve, and a support sleeve is provided between the water sleeve and the outer shell of the grinding drill bit assembly.

9. The one-way grinding head according to claim 6, wherein, The connecting component includes a transmission connecting pipe, the transmission connecting pipe sleeves a grinding handle and a wire, the transmission connecting pipe is fixedly connected to both the grinding handle and the wire respectively, a failure protection pipe is sleeved on the wire, the transmission connecting pipe extends into the failure protection pipe, a failure protection block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission connecting pipe, and the failure protection block is embedded in the inner wall of the failure protection pipe.

10. A unidirectional grinding head according to claim 6, characterized in that, A waterproof component is arranged between the cooling system integrated in the grinding bit assembly and the gear speed change device.

11. A medical grinding head, characterized in that, It includes: A grinding head component for grinding bone tissue, the grinding head component includes a grinding bit and a bendable grinding handle, and the grinding bit is installed at one end of the grinding handle; A support component, including an outer pipe with water outlet holes on the side, the outer pipe sleeves the grinding handle, and the gap between the outer pipe and the grinding handle forms a water injection channel, and the water outlet holes are communicated with the water injection channel.

12. A medical grinding head according to claim 11, characterized in that, It further includes a driving component, the driving component includes a transmission shaft and a transmission part, the power input end of the transmission part is connected to the transmission shaft, and the power output end of the transmission part is connected to the grinding handle; The transmission part includes a driving gear and a driven gear that mesh with each other, the driving gear is installed on the transmission shaft, the driven gear is installed at one end of the grinding handle away from the grinding bit, and a bearing is installed between the outer pipe and the grinding handle, and the bearing is located at one end of the outer pipe close to the driven gear.

13. A medical grinding head according to claim 11, characterized in that, The support component further includes a shrapnel pipe, the shrapnel pipe sleeves the grinding handle and is close to the grinding bit, and the shrapnel pipe is provided with damping shrapnel; The outer pipe is in a bent state, and the end of the outer pipe away from the grinding bit has a water through groove, and the water through groove is communicated with the water injection channel; A water pipe is further installed between the outer pipe and the grinding handle, the water pipe sleeves the shrapnel pipe, the water pipe includes a large pipe and a small pipe fixedly connected, the large pipe is close to the grinding bit, and the outer wall of the large pipe inserted into the outer pipe is in contact with the inner wall of the outer pipe, a first arc-shaped sleeve is sleeved on the small pipe, the arc-shaped outer wall of the first arc-shaped sleeve is in contact with the inner wall of the outer pipe, and the axial notch formed by the first arc-shaped sleeve sleeved on the small pipe is communicated with the water outlet holes; A support sleeve is further installed between the outer pipe and the grinding handle, the support sleeve includes a sleeve pipe and a second arc-shaped sleeve sleeved on the sleeve pipe, the sleeve pipe sleeves the grinding handle, the arc-shaped outer wall of the second arc-shaped sleeve is in contact with the inner wall of the outer pipe, and the gap formed between the second arc-shaped sleeve and the outer pipe constitutes a part of the water injection channel; A support pipe is further installed between the outer pipe and the grinding handle, the support sleeve is located between the water pipe and the support pipe, one end of the support pipe has a flat side, and the water outlet of the water through groove is located on the flat side.

14. A medical grinding head according to claim 11, characterized in that, It further includes a front shell, a spiral water cooling interface and a sealing sleeve, the front shell and the sealing sleeve are hermetically connected, both the outer pipe and the end of the grinding handle away from the grinding bit are inserted into the front shell, the water through groove is located inside the front shell, the outer wall of the spiral water cooling interface has a water flow channel and an axial through groove, the front shell has a water through hole, the water through hole is located inside the sealing sleeve, the water through hole is communicated with the water through groove, the water inlet end of the axial through groove is communicated with the water flow channel, and the water outlet end of the axial through groove is communicated with the water through hole; A water-cooling sleeve is further provided between the spiral water-cooling interface and the sealing sleeve. The water-cooling sleeve is sleeved on the end of the spiral water-cooling interface away from the front housing. The water-cooling sleeve has an axial water groove, and the axial water groove communicates with the water inlet end of the spiral channel.

15. An orthopedic burr, characterized in that, Comprising: A drill bit grinding assembly for grinding bone tissue. The drill bit grinding assembly includes a drill bit and a grinding handle. The drill bit is installed at one end of the grinding handle. The grinding handle is elastic and can be bent. A driving assembly for driving the drill bit grinding assembly to rotate. A support assembly including an outer tube and an arc-shaped guide sleeve. The outer tube is sleeved on the grinding handle, and the arc-shaped guide sleeve is located between the outer tube and the grinding handle. A sheath sleeve for hiding and wrapping part of the drill bit. The sheath sleeve is connected to the outer tube, and the axis of the sheath sleeve intersects with the axis of the outer tube.

16. An orthopedic grinding head according to claim 15, characterized in that, The support assembly further includes a first sleeve and a first support tube. The first sleeve is sleeved on the grinding handle, and the first sleeve is close to the drill bit. The first support tube is sleeved on the first sleeve, and the first sleeve and the first support tube are in clearance fit. The sheath sleeve has a relief groove and an eccentric hole. The relief groove and the eccentric hole communicate with each other. The drill bit and the ends of the first sleeve and the first support tube are all located in the relief groove. The grinding handle includes a connecting handle and a long handle. One end of the connecting handle is connected to the drill bit, and the other end is connected to the long handle. The long handle includes an elastic bending section and a straight section. The elastic bending section is composed of a plurality of short handles connected together. A second sleeve is further provided between the outer tube and the grinding handle. The second sleeve can be bent, and the second sleeve is sleeved on the grinding handle. The arc-shaped guide sleeve is sleeved on the second sleeve, and the arc-shaped outer wall of the arc-shaped guide sleeve is in contact with the inner wall of the outer tube. The arc-shaped trend inside the arc-shaped guide sleeve first rises and then falls from the end far away from the drill bit to the end close to the drill bit. The second sleeve is bent in conformity with the arc-shaped contour inside the arc-shaped guide sleeve.

17. An orthopedic grinding head according to claim 16, characterized in that, A second support tube is further provided between the outer tube and the grinding handle. The second support tube is sleeved on the grinding handle, and the second sleeve is located between the first sleeve and the second support tube. The outer wall of the second support tube has a flat square. The gap between the flat square and the outer tube and the gap between the arc-shaped guide sleeve and the outer tube form a water injection channel through which cooling water flows.

18. An orthopedic grinding head according to claim 17, characterized in that, The driving assembly includes an input shaft. One end of the grinding handle away from the drill bit is connected to the input shaft. The driving assembly further includes a bearing sleeve. A bearing is installed inside one end of the bearing sleeve, and the bearing sleeve is sleeved on the power output end of the input shaft. It further includes a front housing, a water-cooling sleeve and a sealing sleeve. The front housing has a stepped hole inside. The outer tube, the grinding handle and the second support tube away from the drill bit all insert into the front housing from the small hole of the stepped hole. The front housing and the sealing sleeve are sealed and connected. The sealing sleeve is sleeved on the water-cooling sleeve. One end of the water-cooling sleeve is sleeved on the front housing. The outer wall of the water-cooling sleeve has a spiral channel. The front housing has a water through hole. The water inlet end of the water through hole communicates with the water outlet end of the spiral channel. The water outlet end of the water through hole communicates with the water injection channel. The outer wall of one end of the bearing sleeve abuts against the inner wall of the front housing to form a seal.

19. A water injection grinding bit mechanism, characterized in that, It includes a drill bit grinding assembly and an outer tube. The drill bit grinding assembly includes a drill bit and a grinding shank connected to the drill bit. The drill bit has a first cavity inside, and there are water outlet holes on the drill bit, and the water outlet holes communicate with the first cavity. One end of the grinding shank close to the drill bit has a second cavity, and the second cavity communicates with the first cavity; The outer tube is sleeved on the grinding shank. There is a first water inlet hole on the outer tube, and the first water inlet hole is used for injecting water into the inside of the outer tube. A water flow channel is formed between the inner wall of the outer tube and the outer wall of the grinding shank, and the water flow channel communicates with both the first water inlet hole and the second cavity.

20. A water injection grinding bit mechanism according to claim 19, characterized in that, It further includes a support and guide tube. The support and guide tube is sleeved on the grinding shank, and the inner wall of the outer tube contacts the outer wall of the support and guide tube. There is a first flat side on the outer wall of the support and guide tube, and the gap between the first flat side and the inner wall of the outer tube constitutes a first channel. The first channel is a part of the water flow channel. The first water inlet hole is located at one end of the first flat side, and the first water inlet hole communicates with the first channel; A support cavity tube is sleeved between the outer tube and the grinding shank. There is a second channel inside the support cavity tube, and the second channel communicates with the first channel. The second channel is also a part of the water flow channel; The support cavity tube has a stepped hole and a guide groove inside. The stepped hole is located at the end of the support cavity tube far from the drill bit. The guide groove is opened on the inner wall of the support cavity tube, and the guide groove communicates with the stepped hole to form the second channel. The guide groove communicates with the second cavity; A second water inlet hole is opened on the wall of the second cavity of the grinding shank, and the second water inlet hole communicates with both the guide groove and the second cavity; A front support tube and a rear support tube are further arranged between the support cavity tube and the grinding shank. The front support tube is sleeved on the end of the grinding shank close to the drill bit. One end of the front support tube is close to the drill bit, and the other end is inserted into the support cavity tube and avoids the second water inlet hole. The rear support tube is also sleeved on the grinding shank and avoids the second water inlet hole. The position of the rear support tube corresponds to the position of the guide groove.

21. A bone biting forceps, characterized in that, It includes a drill bit grinding assembly. The drill bit grinding assembly includes a drill bit, a grinding shank and an outer tube. The drill bit is installed at one end of the grinding shank, and the outer tube is sleeved on the grinding shank. The grinding shank can rotate relative to the outer tube and drive the drill bit to rotate; It further includes a sheath shell, an adjustment mechanism and a handle. The adjustment mechanism and the drill bit grinding assembly are both arranged on the handle. The adjustment mechanism has a pressing handle, and the adjustment mechanism controls the sheath shell to move back and forth relative to the drill bit.

22. The bone rongeur according to claim 21, wherein A guide rod is fixedly connected to the pressing handle. The guide rod is sleeved on the outer tube. The guide rod connects the sheath shell and the pressing handle. A return spring is arranged between the pressing handle and the handle; The whole formed by the handle, the guide rod and the sheath shell can move closer to or away from the handle along the direction of the outer tube.

23. A bone biting forceps according to claim 21, wherein, The inner wall shape of the end of the sheath shell is adapted to the end face shape of the drill bit, and the edge of the end of the sheath shell has a tip. A guide groove is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the sheath shell, and the side of the drill bit enters the guide groove; A gasket is arranged between the sheath shell and the outer tube, so that the central axis of the drill bit does not coincide with the central axis of the sheath shell.

24. A bone biting forceps according to claim 21, wherein, The front end of the grinding head of the grinding drill bit is provided with a cutting edge, and the circumference of the grinding head of the grinding drill bit is smooth.

Images