Multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather and preparation method therefor, and automobile

Abstract

The present invention relates to multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather and a preparation method therefor, and an automobile. The polyvinyl chloride leather comprises a compact layer, a foaming layer and a fabric layer which are sequentially stacked, the compact layer being prepared from a compact layer prefabricated material, and the foaming layer being prepared from a foaming layer prefabricated material, wherein in at least one of the compact layer prefabricated material and the foaming layer prefabricated material, at least one of polyvinyl chloride, a plasticizer and a filler comprises a sustainable raw material; the sustainable raw material in polyvinyl chloride comprises one or a combination of environmentally-friendly polyvinyl chlorides prepared by means of a biomass balance method and a regeneration-circulation method; the sustainable raw material in the plasticizer comprises a plasticizer derived from plant oil; and the sustainable raw material in the filler comprises a plant filler. According to the present invention, the emission of carbon dioxide in the production process of synthetic leather can be reduced, the ecological environment is protected, non-renewable resources are saved, and the sustainability of the synthetic leather is improved.

Description

Multilayer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather and preparation method thereof, automobile

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 2024101102468 filed on January 26, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention relates to the technical field of artificial leather, in particular to a multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather and a preparation method thereof, and an automobile. Background Art

[0004] With increasing environmental awareness, synthetic leather is increasingly being used as a substitute for genuine leather, particularly as a surface covering for automotive interiors, such as seats, door panels, armrests, headrests, and center consoles. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) leather, a commonly used synthetic leather, is primarily made from PVC and plasticizers, supplemented by stabilizers, fillers, flame retardants, and other additives. This type of leather is formed by stacking multiple layers onto a textile fabric or PVC film, then undergoing specialized processing.

[0005] In existing technology, the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) used in PVC leather is produced by cracking petroleum raw materials to produce ethylene or producing acetylene through calcium carbide. The resulting ethylene or acetylene is then chlorinated to produce vinyl chloride, and finally polymerized. The production of raw materials such as plasticizers, stabilizers, and fillers also requires a large amount of fossil fuels and mineral resources. These production processes generate high levels of carbon dioxide emissions, exacerbating the greenhouse effect and harming the ecological environment. Furthermore, the sources of PVC, plasticizers, and fillers are highly dependent on various non-renewable fossil energy and mineral resources, which reduces the sustainability of the use of such synthetic leather.

[0006] With the continuous development of the global synthetic leather industry, environmental requirements for synthetic leather are becoming increasingly stringent. In recent years, the concept of sustainability has become a hot topic in various downstream synthetic leather industries. Therefore, developing more sustainable PVC leather and integrating sustainability concepts into numerous downstream synthetic leather industries, such as the automotive interiors industry, are imperative.

[0007] Summary of the Invention

[0008] Based on the above situation, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather and its preparation method and automobile, so as to reduce carbon dioxide emissions during the production process of synthetic leather, protect the ecological environment, save non-renewable resources, and improve the sustainability of synthetic leather.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] A first aspect of the present invention provides a multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather, comprising a dense layer, a foaming layer and a fabric layer stacked in sequence.

[0011] The dense layer is prepared by a dense layer prefabricated material, and the components of the dense layer prefabricated material include: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-100 parts of plasticizer, 2-8 parts of stabilizer, 0.01-90 parts of filler, and 2-20 parts of colorant;

[0012] The foaming layer is prepared by a foaming layer prefabricated material, and the components of the foaming layer prefabricated material include: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-100 parts of plasticizer, 0-8 parts of stabilizer, 0.01-90 parts of filler, 0-5 parts of foaming agent, and 1-10 parts of flame retardant;

[0013] Wherein, in at least one of the dense layer prefabricated material and the foaming layer prefabricated material, at least one of the polyvinyl chloride, the plasticizer and the filler contains sustainable raw materials, the sustainable raw materials in the polyvinyl chloride include one or a combination of two of environmentally friendly polyvinyl chloride prepared by the biomass balance method and the regeneration-circulation method, the sustainable raw materials in the plasticizer include plasticizers derived from plant oils, and the sustainable raw materials in the filler include plant fillers.

[0014] Preferably, the plant-derived plasticizer includes one or a combination of plasticizers obtained by squeezing natural plant oils, plasticizers obtained by further processing, soybean oil plasticizers, castor oil plasticizers, tung oil plasticizers, polyester or ester plasticizers.

[0015] Preferably, the plant filler includes one or a combination of cellulose, lignin, and chitin.

[0016] Preferably, the polyvinyl chloride and the plasticizer in the dense layer prefabricated material and the foamed layer prefabricated material are both sustainable raw materials.

[0017] Preferably, in each layer of the dense layer prefabricated material and the foamed layer prefabricated material, the ratio of the weight of the plant filler to the total weight of the fillers is greater than or equal to 25%.

[0018] Preferably, the polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer and filler in the dense layer prefabricated material are all sustainable raw materials.

[0019] Preferably, the polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer and filler in the foaming layer prefabricated material are all sustainable raw materials.

[0020] Preferably, a glue layer is further included, and the fabric layer is bonded to the side of the foaming layer facing away from the dense layer through the glue layer;

[0021] The glue layer is made of a glue layer prefabricated material, which includes: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-100 parts of plasticizer, 0-8 parts of stabilizer, and 0.01-90 parts of filler, and at least one of the polyvinyl chloride, the plasticizer, and the filler contains sustainable raw materials.

[0022] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather, comprising the steps of:

[0023] S10: forming a dense layer using a dense layer preform;

[0024] S20: forming a foam layer on one side of the dense layer using a foam layer prefabricated material;

[0025] S30: Laminating a fabric layer to a side of the foaming layer facing away from the dense layer to obtain the multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather;

[0026] in,

[0027] The components of the dense layer prefabricated material include: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-100 parts of plasticizer, 2-8 parts of stabilizer, 0.01-90 parts of filler, and 2-20 parts of colorant;

[0028] The foaming layer is prepared by a foaming layer prefabricated material, and the components of the foaming layer prefabricated material include: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-100 parts of plasticizer, 0-8 parts of stabilizer, 0.01-90 parts of filler, 0-5 parts of foaming agent, and 1-10 parts of flame retardant;

[0029] In at least one of the dense layer prefabricated material and the foaming layer prefabricated material, at least one of the polyvinyl chloride, the plasticizer and the filler contains sustainable raw materials, the sustainable raw materials in the polyvinyl chloride include one or a combination of two of environmentally friendly polyvinyl chloride prepared by the biomass balance method and the regeneration-circulation method, the sustainable raw materials in the plasticizer include plasticizers derived from plant oils, and the sustainable raw materials in the filler include plant fillers.

[0030] A third aspect of the present invention provides an automobile, comprising an automobile interior, wherein the automobile interior comprises any of the multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leathers described above.

[0031] The PVC leather of the present invention, by using sustainable raw materials in at least one of the dense layer and the foamed layer, reduces the need for petroleum-based PVC, petroleum-based plasticizers, and mineral fillers, thereby reducing carbon dioxide emissions during the production of these raw materials and being more environmentally friendly. It also reduces the use of non-renewable resources such as fossil energy, thereby increasing resource sustainability. More importantly, the use of sustainable raw materials in the PVC leather of the present invention enhances the sustainability of the PVC leather itself. Furthermore, when the filler contains sustainable raw materials, the softness of the PVC leather can be improved compared to using mineral fillers. In other words, for the same softness requirement, the amount of PVC and plasticizer used can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost of the PVC leather.

[0032] Other beneficial effects of the present invention will be explained through the introduction of specific technical features and technical solutions in the specific implementation methods. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand the beneficial technical effects brought about by the introduction of these technical features and technical solutions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather provided by the present invention;

[0035] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of another preferred embodiment of the sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather provided by the present invention;

[0036] FIG3 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather provided by the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 100, dense layer; 200, foaming layer; 300, fabric layer; 400, glue layer; 500, surface treatment layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is described below based on the following embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. In the following detailed description of the present invention, some specific details are described in detail. In order to avoid obscuring the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, and components are not described in detail.

[0039] Furthermore, persons of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the figures provided herein are for illustration purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0040] Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the words "include," "comprising," and similar words should be construed in an inclusive sense rather than an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, in the sense of "including but not limited to."

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, "plurality" means two or more. The number of parts of each component described herein is by weight.

[0042] The present invention provides a multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather, comprising a dense layer 100, a foaming layer 200 and a fabric layer 300 stacked in sequence. As shown in FIG1 , the dense layer 100, the foaming layer 200 and the fabric layer 300 are laminated in sequence.

[0043] The dense layer 100 is prepared by a dense layer prefabricated material. The components of the dense layer prefabricated material include: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-100 parts of plasticizer, 2-8 parts of stabilizer, 0.01-90 parts of filler, and 2-20 parts of colorant, such as 50 parts, 60 parts, 65 parts, 70 parts, 75 parts, 80 parts, 85 parts, 90 parts, 95 parts or 100 parts of plasticizer; 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts or 8 parts of stabilizer, etc., 0.01 parts, 1 part, 3 parts, 5 parts, 10 parts, 20 parts, 30 parts, 50 parts, 60 parts, 70 parts, 80 parts, 85 parts or 90 parts of filler, etc.; 2 parts, 5 parts, 8 parts, 10 parts, 13 parts, 16 parts, 18 parts or 20 parts of colorant, etc.

[0044] The foaming layer 200 is prepared by a foaming layer prefabricated material. The components of the foaming layer prefabricated material include: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-100 parts of plasticizer, 0-8 parts of stabilizer, 0.01-90 parts of filler, 0-5 parts of foaming agent, and 1-10 parts of flame retardant, such as 50 parts, 60 parts, 65 parts, 70 parts, 75 parts, 80 parts, 85 parts, 90 parts, 95 parts or 100 parts of plasticizer; 0 part, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts or 5 parts of stabilizer, etc., 0.01 part, 1 part, 3 parts, 5 parts, 10 parts, 20 parts, 30 parts, 50 parts, 60 parts, 70 parts, 80 parts, 85 parts or 90 parts of filler, etc.; 1 part, 2 parts, 5 parts or 10 parts of flame retardant, etc.

[0045] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather, as shown in FIG2 , comprising the steps of:

[0046] S10: forming a dense layer 100 using a dense layer preform;

[0047] S20: forming a foam layer 200 on one side of the dense layer 100 using a foam layer prefabricated material;

[0048] S30: Laminating the fabric layer 300 to the side of the foaming layer 200 facing away from the dense layer 100 to obtain a multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather.

[0049] In at least one of the dense layer prefab and the foam layer prefab, at least one of the polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer, and filler contains sustainable raw materials. The sustainable raw material for the polyvinyl chloride includes environmentally friendly polyvinyl chloride produced by the mass balance method or the regeneration-circulation method. The sustainable raw material for the plasticizer includes a plasticizer derived from plant oil. The sustainable raw material for the filler includes a plant filler. In other words, only the dense layer prefab may contain sustainable raw materials, only the foam layer prefab may contain sustainable raw materials, or both the dense layer prefab and the foam layer prefab may contain sustainable raw materials.

[0050] When the dense layer prefabricated material contains sustainable raw materials, only the polyvinyl chloride of this layer may contain sustainable raw materials, or only the plasticizer of this layer may contain sustainable raw materials, or only the filler of this layer may contain sustainable raw materials; it is also possible that both the polyvinyl chloride and the plasticizer of this layer contain sustainable raw materials, or both the polyvinyl chloride and the filler of this layer contain sustainable raw materials, or both the plasticizer and the filler of this layer contain sustainable raw materials; of course, it is also possible that the polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer and filler of this layer all contain sustainable raw materials.

[0051] Similarly, when the foam layer prefabricated material contains sustainable raw materials, only the polyvinyl chloride of this layer may contain sustainable raw materials, or only the plasticizer of this layer may contain sustainable raw materials, or only the filler of this layer may contain sustainable raw materials; it is also possible that both the polyvinyl chloride and the plasticizer of this layer contain sustainable raw materials, or both the polyvinyl chloride and the filler of this layer contain sustainable raw materials, or both the plasticizer and the filler of this layer contain sustainable raw materials; of course, it is also possible that the polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer and filler of this layer all contain sustainable raw materials.

[0052] Whether it is the PVC in the dense layer prefabricated material or the PVC in the foamed layer, in embodiments where the PVC prefabricated material comprises sustainable raw materials, the PVC in each prefabricated material may be entirely sustainable raw materials, or only partially sustainable raw materials, with the remainder being PVC from other sources, such as petroleum-based PVC. Specifically, the sustainable raw materials in the PVC may be solely PVC produced by the biomass balance method, solely PVC produced by the regeneration-recycling method, or a combination of environmentally friendly PVC produced by both the biomass balance method and the regeneration-recycling method.

[0053] Similarly, whether it is the plasticizer in the dense layer prefabricated material or the plasticizer in the foamed layer, in the embodiment where the plasticizer prefabricated material contains sustainable raw materials, the plasticizers in each prefabricated material can all be sustainable raw materials, or only part of them can be sustainable raw materials, and the rest can be plasticizers from other sources, such as petroleum-based plasticizers. Specifically, the sustainable raw materials in the plasticizer prefabricated material are plant oil-derived plasticizers.

[0054] Similarly, whether it is the filler in the dense layer prefabricated material or the filler in the foamed layer, in the embodiment where the filler prefabricated material contains sustainable raw materials, the fillers in each prefabricated material can all be sustainable raw materials, or only part of them can be sustainable raw materials, and the rest can be fillers from other sources, such as mineral-derived fillers. Specifically, the sustainable raw materials in the plasticizer prefabricated material are plant-derived fillers.

[0055] The aforementioned PVC leather, by using sustainable raw materials in at least one of the dense layer 100 and the foamed layer 200, reduces the need for petroleum-based PVC, petroleum-based plasticizers, and mineral fillers, thereby reducing carbon dioxide emissions during the production of these raw materials and being more environmentally friendly. It also reduces the use of non-renewable resources such as fossil energy, thereby increasing resource sustainability. More importantly, since the PVC leather of the present invention uses sustainable raw materials, it is essentially free from concerns about resource scarcity, thus improving the sustainability of the PVC leather itself. Furthermore, when the filler contains sustainable raw materials, the softness of the PVC leather can be improved compared to using mineral fillers. In other words, for the same softness requirement, the amount of PVC and plasticizer used can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost of the PVC leather.

[0056] Specifically, the plant-derived plasticizer includes one or more of the following: plasticizers extracted from natural vegetable oils, plasticizers obtained through further processing, soybean oil plasticizers, castor oil plasticizers, tung oil plasticizers, polyesters or ester plasticizers. That is, the plant-derived plasticizer can be only the plasticizer extracted from natural vegetable oils, or only the plasticizer obtained through further processing, or only the soybean oil plasticizer, or only the castor oil plasticizer, or only the tung oil plasticizer, or only the polyesters or ester plasticizers; it can also be any combination of two, three or more of the following: plasticizers extracted from natural vegetable oils, plasticizers obtained through further processing, soybean oil plasticizers, castor oil plasticizers, tung oil plasticizers, polyesters or ester plasticizers.

[0057] Plant fillers include one or a combination of cellulose, lignin, and chitin. That is, the filler can be only cellulose filler, or only lignin filler, or only chitin filler, or any combination of cellulose and lignin fillers, or any combination of cellulose and chitin fillers, or any combination of lignin and chitin fillers; of course, any combination of cellulose, lignin, and chitin fillers is also possible. Plant fillers can also include other types of plant fillers known in the art.

[0058] In one embodiment, the PVC and plasticizer in the dense layer prefabricated material and the foamed layer prefabricated material are all sustainable raw materials, such as the PVC in each layer prefabricated material is all produced by a biomass balance method, or is all produced by a regeneration-recycling method, or is a mixture of PVC produced by a biomass balance method and PVC produced by a regeneration-recycling method; the plasticizer in each layer prefabricated material is all plant-derived plasticizer, such as plasticizers extracted from natural plant oils, plasticizers obtained through further processing, soybean oil plasticizers, castor oil plasticizers, tung oil plasticizers, polyester or ester plasticizers, or any combination of two, three, or more of these plasticizers. By using sustainable raw materials for the PVC in the dense layer prefabricated material and the foamed layer prefabricated material, the dependence on petroleum-based raw materials can be greatly reduced, the sustainability of PVC leather can be increased, and the produced PVC leather can be made more environmentally friendly.

[0059] In some embodiments, mineral-derived fillers are used in the dense layer prefabricated material and the foamed layer prefabricated material. Since mineral-derived fillers increase the hardness of the PVC leather, only a very small amount can be added to ensure the flexibility of the PVC leather. In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the fillers in the dense layer prefabricated material and the foamed layer prefabricated material both contain sustainable raw materials, specifically plant fillers. This can increase the proportion of fillers in each layer of the prefabricated material to a certain extent, while reducing the cost of the PVC leather and still ensuring its flexibility. Preferably, in each layer of the dense layer prefabricated material and the foamed layer prefabricated material, the ratio of the weight of the plant filler to the total weight of the filler is greater than or equal to 25%, such as 25%, 28%, 30%, 35% or 40%, etc., so that by increasing the proportion of plant fillers, the amount of PVC and plasticizer used can be reduced, while still ensuring the good softness of the PVC leather. Furthermore, the fillers in the dense layer prefabricated materials and the foamed layer prefabricated materials are all made from sustainable raw materials. For example, the fillers in each layer of the prefabricated materials are all plant cellulose fillers, lignin fillers, or chitin fillers. Another example is that the fillers in each layer of the prefabricated materials are all a combination of any two of plant cellulose fillers, lignin fillers, or chitin fillers, or a combination of these three. In this way, the proportion of plant fillers in the dense layer and foamed layer prefabricated materials is greatly increased, and the amount of polyvinyl chloride and plasticizer used in each layer is reduced. While maintaining the flexibility of the polyvinyl chloride leather, the cost of the polyvinyl chloride leather is greatly reduced, especially when the polyvinyl chloride in the dense layer and foamed layer prefabricated materials contains petroleum-based polyvinyl chloride or the plasticizer contains petroleum-based plasticizer. Since the weight of these two components is reduced, the sustainability of the polyvinyl chloride leather can be increased and its environmental performance can be further improved.

[0060] In another embodiment, the PVC, plasticizer, and filler in the dense layer prefabricated material are all sustainable raw materials, such as the PVC is entirely produced by a biomass balance method, or entirely produced by a regeneration-recycling method, or a mixture of PVC produced by a biomass balance method and PVC produced by a regeneration-recycling method; the plasticizer is entirely plant-derived. The filler is entirely plant-derived. In yet another embodiment, the PVC, plasticizer, and filler in the foaming layer prefabricated material are all sustainable raw materials, such as the PVC is entirely produced by a biomass balance method, or entirely produced by a regeneration-recycling method, or a mixture of PVC produced by a biomass balance method and PVC produced by a regeneration-recycling method; the plasticizer is entirely plant-derived. The filler is entirely plant-derived.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer and filler in the dense layer prefabricated material are all sustainable raw materials, and the polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer and filler in the foaming layer prefabricated material are all sustainable raw materials. In this way, the dependence on petroleum-based raw materials can be greatly reduced, and the use of environmentally friendly raw materials can be increased, which not only increases the environmental friendliness of the product, but also promotes the environmentally friendly production of polyvinyl chloride from the source; at the same time, since the fillers are all plant fillers, their proportion can be greatly increased, such as reaching 25%, 28%, etc., or even higher, greatly reducing the production cost of the entire polyvinyl chloride leather.

[0062] In the above step S10, the dense layer 100 can be formed by evenly applying the dense layer prefabricated material on the release paper and heating it into a film material, or the dense layer prefabricated material can be directly kneaded into a film material by a heating roller for molding, wherein the heating temperature can be 180℃~200℃ (the temperature of the heating roller in the heating roller method), such as 180℃, 185℃, 190℃, 195℃ or 200℃, etc.

[0063] In step S20, the foaming layer 200 can be formed by evenly applying the foaming layer prefabricated material on the dense layer and heating it into a mold, or it can be sheared and kneaded into a film material by a heating roller and stacked on the dense layer 100 for molding, wherein the heating temperature can be 160℃~170℃ (the temperature of the heating roller in the heating roller method), such as 160℃, 165℃ or 170℃.

[0064] The fabric layer 300 and the foam layer 200 can be bonded together by heat pressing. In one embodiment, the fabric layer 300 and the foam layer 200 are bonded together by a glue layer 400. Specifically, the multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather further includes a glue layer 400. As shown in FIG2 , the fabric layer 300 is bonded to the side of the foam layer 200 facing away from the dense layer 100 by the glue layer 400. Among them, the glue layer 400 is made of a glue layer prefabricated material, which includes: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-100 parts of plasticizer, 0-8 parts of stabilizer, and 0.01-90 parts of filler, such as 50 parts, 60 parts, 65 parts, 70 parts, 75 parts, 80 parts, 85 parts, 90 parts, 95 parts or 100 parts of plasticizer; 0 part, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts or 8 parts of stabilizer, etc., and 0.01 part, 1 part, 3 parts, 5 parts, 10 parts, 20 parts, 30 parts, 50 parts, 60 parts, 70 parts, 80 parts, 85 parts or 90 parts of filler, etc.

[0065] Specifically, the polyvinyl chloride (PVC), plasticizer, and filler in the glue preform can be various raw materials used in PVC leather in the prior art, such as petroleum-based raw materials for both PVC and plasticizer, and mineral fillers for fillers. In one embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the PVC, plasticizer, and filler is made from a sustainable raw material, such as only the PVC, or only the plasticizer, or only the filler. Alternatively, both the PVC and plasticizer may be made from sustainable raw materials, or both the PVC and filler may be made from sustainable raw materials, or both the plasticizer and filler may be made from sustainable raw materials. Alternatively, all of the PVC, plasticizer, and filler may be made from sustainable raw materials. When the PVC contains sustainable raw materials, only a portion of the PVC may be made from sustainable raw materials, or the entire PVC may be made from sustainable raw materials. Similarly, when sustainable raw materials are included in the plasticizer, only part of the plasticizer can be sustainable raw materials, or all of the plasticizer can be sustainable raw materials; when sustainable raw materials are included in the filler, only part of the filler can be sustainable raw materials, or all of the filler can be sustainable raw materials. In a preferred embodiment, the polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer, and filler in the glue prefabricated material are all sustainable raw materials. This can further increase the utilization ratio of environmentally friendly raw materials, improve the environmental friendliness of polyvinyl chloride leather, and reduce carbon dioxide emissions from the source. The specific ingredients of the sustainable raw materials for polyvinyl chloride, the sustainable raw materials for plasticizers, and the sustainable raw materials for fillers can refer to the corresponding ingredients of the dense layer prefabricated material and the foaming layer prefabricated material, and will not be repeated here.

[0066] In the embodiment including the glue layer 400, in the above step S30, the glue layer preform is evenly applied to the foaming layer 200, and then the fabric layer 300 is laminated and heated to form a film. Alternatively, the glue layer 400 is directly formed first, and then the glue layer 400 and the fabric layer 300 are sequentially stacked on the foaming layer 200, and kneaded by heated rollers to obtain a multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather. In either case, the heating temperature for molding or kneading is 190°C to 210°C, such as 190°C, 195°C, 200°C, 205°C, or 210°C.

[0067] It is understood that, as shown in FIG2 , the PVC leather may further include a surface treatment layer 500 , which is attached to the side of the dense layer 100 facing away from the foaming layer. Furthermore, the PVC leather may also be treated by an embossing process or a vacuum graining process. Specifically, the above step S30 includes the following steps:

[0068] S31: In the embodiment where the dense layer is formed by release paper, the release paper is removed from the semi-finished polyvinyl chloride leather; in the embodiment where the dense layer is formed directly on a heated roller, the semi-finished polyvinyl chloride leather is removed from the heated roller to obtain a polyvinyl chloride leather base.

[0069] S32: Surface treating the polyvinyl chloride leather base by roller coating. Specifically, a leather surface treatment agent is evenly printed on the polyvinyl chloride leather base and dried to obtain a printed semi-finished product. The leather surface treatment agent can be a surface treatment agent known in the art.

[0070] S33: heating the printed semi-finished product, and performing leather grain pressing or vacuum grain absorption to obtain a multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather finished product.

[0071] The present invention also provides an automobile, including automobile interior decoration, such as automobile seats, soft bags for automobile central control, etc., wherein the automobile interior decoration includes the multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather described in any of the above embodiments.

[0072] Several specific embodiments of the polyvinyl chloride leather of the present invention are given below, as well as some comparative examples.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] S01: Prepare the dense layer prefabricated material: take 100 parts of biomass balance polyvinyl chloride, 80 parts of vegetable oil-derived plasticizer, 2 parts of stabilizer, 80 parts of plant filler, and 16 parts of colorant according to the weight ratio, and mix them evenly in a blender to obtain the dense layer prefabricated material;

[0075] S02: preparing a foaming layer prefabricated material: taking 100 parts of biomass balance polyvinyl chloride, 80 parts of a plant oil-derived plasticizer, 1 part of a stabilizer, 80 parts of a plant filler, 1 part of a colorant, 1 part of a foaming agent, and 10 parts of a flame retardant according to a weight ratio, and uniformly mixing them in a blender to obtain a foaming layer prefabricated material;

[0076] S03: Prepare glue layer prefabricated material: take 100 parts of biomass balance polyvinyl chloride, 70 parts of vegetable oil-derived plasticizer, 1 part of stabilizer, and 80 parts of plant filler according to the weight ratio, and mix them evenly in a blender to obtain a foaming layer prefabricated material;

[0077] S10: forming a dense layer 100 using a dense layer preform, wherein the heating temperature is 180° C.;

[0078] S20: Using the foaming layer prefabricated material to form a foaming layer 200 on one side of the dense layer 100, wherein the heating temperature is 160°C;

[0079] S30: Laminating the fabric layer 300 to the side of the foaming layer 200 facing away from the dense layer 100, wherein the heating temperature is 190°C to obtain a polyvinyl chloride leather base, and then performing surface treatment by roller coating to obtain a printed semi-finished product, heating the printed semi-finished product and performing leather grain pressing or vacuum grain absorption to obtain a multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] S01: preparing the dense layer prefabricated material: taking 100 parts of recycled-circulated polyvinyl chloride, 90 parts of vegetable oil-derived plasticizer, 3 parts of stabilizer, 90 parts of plant filler, and 8 parts of colorant according to the weight ratio, and uniformly mixing them in a blender to obtain the dense layer prefabricated material;

[0082] S02: preparing a foaming layer prefabricated material: taking 100 parts of recycled and recycled polyvinyl chloride, 90 parts of a plant oil-derived plasticizer, 2 parts of a stabilizer, 90 parts of a plant filler, 2 parts of a colorant, 2 parts of a foaming agent, and 9 parts of a flame retardant in a blender and uniformly mixing them to obtain a foaming layer prefabricated material;

[0083] S03: preparing a prefabricated material for the glue layer: taking 100 parts of recycled and recycled polyvinyl chloride, 65 parts of a plant oil-derived plasticizer, 2 parts of a stabilizer, and 90 parts of a plant filler according to a weight ratio, and uniformly mixing them in a blender to obtain a prefabricated material for the foaming layer;

[0084] S10: forming a dense layer 100 using a dense layer preform, wherein the heating temperature is 190° C.;

[0085] S20: Using the foaming layer prefabricated material to form a foaming layer 200 on one side of the dense layer 100, wherein the heating temperature is 165°C;

[0086] S30: The fabric layer 300 is laminated to the side of the foaming layer 200 facing away from the dense layer 100, wherein the heating temperature is 200°C to obtain a polyvinyl chloride leather base, which is then surface treated by roller coating to obtain a printed semi-finished product, and the printed semi-finished product is heated and subjected to leather grain pressing or vacuum grain absorption to obtain a multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather.

[0087] Example 3

[0088] S01: Prepare the dense layer prefabricated material: take 40 parts of biomass balance polyvinyl chloride, 40 parts of recycled-circulation polyvinyl chloride, 20 parts of petroleum-based polyvinyl chloride, 50 parts of vegetable oil-derived plasticizer, 30 parts of petroleum-based plasticizer, 2 parts of stabilizer, 70 parts of plant filler, 10 parts of mineral filler, and 16 parts of colorant according to the weight ratio, and mix them evenly in a blender to obtain the dense layer prefabricated material;

[0089] S02: preparing the foaming layer prefabricated material: taking 40 parts of biomass balance polyvinyl chloride, 40 parts of recycled-circulation polyvinyl chloride, 20 parts of petroleum-based polyvinyl chloride, 50 parts of vegetable oil-derived plasticizer, 30 parts of petroleum-based plasticizer, 1 part of stabilizer, 70 parts of plant filler, 10 parts of mineral filler, 1 part of colorant, 1 part of foaming agent, and 10 parts of flame retardant according to the weight ratio, and uniformly mixing them in a blender to obtain the foaming layer prefabricated material;

[0090] S03: Prepare glue layer prefabricated material: take 40 parts of biomass balance polyvinyl chloride, 40 parts of recycled-circulation polyvinyl chloride, 20 parts of petroleum-based polyvinyl chloride, 50 parts of vegetable oil-derived plasticizer, 20 parts of petroleum-based plasticizer, 1 part of stabilizer, 70 parts of plant filler, and 10 parts of mineral filler according to the weight ratio, and mix them evenly in a blender to obtain a foaming layer prefabricated material;

[0091] S10: forming a dense layer 100 using a dense layer preform, wherein the heating temperature is 180° C.;

[0092] S20: Using the foaming layer prefabricated material to form a foaming layer 200 on one side of the dense layer 100, wherein the heating temperature is 160°C;

[0093] S30: Laminating the fabric layer 300 to the side of the foaming layer 200 facing away from the dense layer 100, wherein the heating temperature is 190°C to obtain a polyvinyl chloride leather base, and then performing surface treatment by roller coating to obtain a printed semi-finished product, heating the printed semi-finished product and performing leather grain pressing or vacuum grain absorption to obtain a multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather.

[0094] Comparative Example

[0095] S01: Prepare dense layer prefabricated material: take 100 parts of petroleum-based polyvinyl chloride, 85 parts of petroleum-based plasticizer, 4 parts of stabilizer, 5 parts of mineral filler, and 7 parts of colorant according to the weight ratio, and mix them evenly in a blender to obtain dense layer prefabricated material;

[0096] S02: preparing a foaming layer prefabricated material: taking 100 parts of petroleum-based polyvinyl chloride, 85 parts of petroleum-based plasticizer, 3 parts of stabilizer, 5 parts of mineral filler, 2 parts of colorant, 2 parts of foaming agent, and 9 parts of flame retardant according to the weight ratio, and uniformly mixing them in a blender to obtain a foaming layer prefabricated material;

[0097] S03: Prepare glue layer prefabricated material: take 100 parts of petroleum-based polyvinyl chloride, 70 parts of petroleum-based plasticizer, 1 part of stabilizer, and 5 parts of mineral filler according to the weight ratio, and mix them evenly in a blender to obtain a foaming layer prefabricated material;

[0098] S10: forming a dense layer 100 using a dense layer preform, wherein the heating temperature is 200° C.;

[0099] S20: using the foaming layer prefabricated material to form a foaming layer 200 on one side of the dense layer 100, wherein the heating temperature is 170°C;

[0100] S30: The fabric layer 300 is laminated to the side of the foaming layer 200 facing away from the dense layer 100, wherein the heating temperature is 210°C to obtain a polyvinyl chloride leather base, which is then surface treated by roller coating to obtain a printed semi-finished product, and the printed semi-finished product is heated and subjected to leather grain pressing or vacuum grain absorption to obtain polyvinyl chloride leather.

[0101] The tensile strength, elongation at break and softness of the polyvinyl chloride leathers obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and the comparative example were tested. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0102] Table 1

[0103] The above test data shows that the PVC leathers obtained in Examples 1 to 3 all meet the industry's requirements for tensile strength, elongation at break, and softness, and some, such as Example 1, are even significantly better than the comparative example. Furthermore, it can be seen that the softness of Examples 1 to 3 is far superior to that of the comparative example. Furthermore, in Examples 1 to 3, the increased proportion of filler can also reduce the cost of the PVC leather. Therefore, the formulation of the present invention can produce PVC leather that is both environmentally friendly and low-cost.

[0104] It should be noted that the use of step numbers (letters or numbers) to refer to certain specific method steps in the present invention is solely for the purpose of descriptive convenience and brevity, and is in no way intended to limit the order of these method steps. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the order of the relevant method steps is determined by the technology itself and should not be unduly limited by the presence of step numbers. Those skilled in the art can determine various permissible and reasonable step orders based on the technology itself.

[0105] It should be emphasized that the selection of specific values ​​of various parameters and indicators involved in the present invention not only requires the inventor to have a theoretical basis far beyond the level of ordinary technicians in this field, but also requires creative attempts and selections based on the expected design results, supplemented by several arduous experiments, to finally obtain the expected target results. The determination of these values ​​cannot be obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work.

[0106] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, provided there is no conflict, the above preferred solutions can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0107] It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative and non-restrictive. Without departing from the basic principles of the present invention, various obvious or equivalent modifications or substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art to the above-mentioned details will be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather, characterized in that, It includes a dense layer, a foaming layer and a fabric layer which are stacked in sequence, The dense layer is prepared from a dense layer prefabricated material, and the components of the dense layer prefabricated material include: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-100 parts of plasticizer, 2-8 parts of stabilizer, 0.01-90 parts of filler, and 2-20 parts of colorant; The foaming layer is prepared from a foaming layer prefabricated material, and the components of the foaming layer prefabricated material include: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-100 parts of plasticizer, 0-8 parts of stabilizer, 0.01-90 parts of filler, 0-5 parts of foaming agent, and 1-10 parts of flame retardant; Among them, in at least one of the dense layer prefabricated material and the foaming layer prefabricated material, at least one of the polyvinyl chloride, the plasticizer and the filler contains sustainable raw materials. The sustainable raw materials in the polyvinyl chloride include one or a combination of two of the environmentally friendly polyvinyl chloride prepared by the biomass balance method and the recycling-recycling method. The sustainable raw materials in the plasticizer include plasticizers derived from vegetable oils. The sustainable raw materials in the filler include plant fillers.

2. The multi-layer sustainable PVC leather according to claim 1, wherein, The plasticizer derived from plants includes one or a combination of several of the plasticizer obtained by squeezing natural vegetable oils, the plasticizer obtained by further processing, soybean oil-based plasticizers, castor oil-based plasticizers, tung oil-based plasticizers, polyester-based or ester-based plasticizers.

3. The multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather according to claim 1, wherein The plant filler includes one or a combination of several of cellulose-based, lignin-based, and chitin-based.

4. The multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather according to claim 1, wherein, Both the polyvinyl chloride and the plasticizer in the dense layer prefabricated material and the foaming layer prefabricated material are sustainable raw materials.

5. The multi-layer sustainable PVC leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, In each of the prefabricated materials of the dense layer prefabricated material and the foaming layer prefabricated material, the ratio of the weight of the plant filler to the total weight of the filler is greater than or equal to 25%.

6. The multi-layer sustainable PVC leather according to claim 1, characterized in that The polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer and filler in the dense layer prefabricated material are all sustainable raw materials.

7. The multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather according to claim 1, wherein The polyvinyl chloride, plasticizer and filler in the foaming layer prefabricated material are all sustainable raw materials.

8. The multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It further includes an adhesive layer, and the fabric layer is adhered to the side of the foaming layer facing away from the dense layer through the adhesive layer; Among them, the adhesive layer is made of an adhesive layer prefabricated material, and the adhesive layer prefabricated material includes: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-100 parts of plasticizer, 0-8 parts of stabilizer, 0.01-90 parts of filler, and at least one of the polyvinyl chloride, the plasticizer and the filler contains sustainable raw materials.

9. A preparation method of a multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather, characterized in that, It includes steps: S10: Molding the dense layer using the dense layer prefabricated material; S20: Molding the foaming layer on one side of the dense layer using the foaming layer prefabricated material; S30: Adhering the fabric layer to the side of the foaming layer facing away from the dense layer to obtain the multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather; Among them, The components of the dense layer prefabricated material include: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-100 parts of plasticizer, 2-8 parts of stabilizer, 0.01-90 parts of filler, and 2-20 parts of colorant; The foaming layer is prepared from a foaming layer prefabricated material, and the components of the foaming layer prefabricated material include: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50-100 parts of plasticizer, 0-8 parts of stabilizer, 0.01-90 parts of filler, 0-5 parts of foaming agent, and 1-10 parts of flame retardant; And in at least one of the dense layer preform and the foaming layer preform, at least one of the polyvinyl chloride, the plasticizer, and the filler contains a sustainable raw material. The sustainable raw material in the polyvinyl chloride includes one or a combination of two of the environmentally friendly polyvinyl chloride prepared by the biomass balance method and the recycling method. The sustainable raw material in the plasticizer includes a plasticizer derived from vegetable oil. The sustainable raw material in the filler includes a plant filler.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes automotive interiors, and the automotive interiors include the multi-layer sustainable polyvinyl chloride leather according to any one of claims 1-8.

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