Concrete element for a seepage system, shaft system, channel system and method for producing a concrete element

Abstract

The invention relates to a concrete element (10) for a seepage system, having a first component zone (12) and at least one second component zone (14), wherein the first component zone (12) comprises a liquid-permeable concrete and wherein the at least one second component zone (14) comprises a liquid-impermeable concrete. According to the invention, at least one composite zone (16) is provided, wherein the first component zone (12) and the at least one second component zone (14) are arranged so as to overlap in the at least one composite zone (16).

Description

[0001] Concrete element for an infiltration system, shaft system, gutter system and method for producing a concrete element

[0002] Description

[0003] The invention relates to a concrete element for an infiltration system, a shaft system with a storage volume or a shaft system without a storage volume, a channel system for linear drainage and a method for producing a concrete element.

[0004] BE 1013430 A6 shows a concrete drainage pipe made at least partially of porous concrete and featuring an open drainage channel. The water flowing through the porous concrete is collected in the drainage channel and then at least partially drains away through the drainage channel. The outer surfaces of the drainage pipe are at least partially covered with a porous film.

[0005] This concrete pipe has the disadvantage that, due to its porous concrete construction, its strength is low. Therefore, particular care must be taken during installation to avoid damaging the pipe.

[0006] DE 1 226 948 B describes a pipeline for soil drainage consisting of concrete drainage pipes with partially porous and partially dense walls. The pipe bases are made of highly porous concrete, while the remaining pipe sections are made of dense concrete. Pipe sockets are provided to connect the two pipe sections.

[0007] A disadvantage of this known solution is that it consists of at least two components that must first be assembled during installation. This increases the required installation time and can lead to leak-tightness problems at the transition between the different concretes. The present invention is based on the object of providing a concrete element for an infiltration system, a shaft system with a storage volume or a shaft system without a storage volume, as well as a channel system for linear drainage with directional water permeability and sufficient strength to ensure easy handling and non-destructive installation. At the same time, the object of the invention is to provide a method for producing such a concrete element.

[0008] This object is achieved by a concrete element for an infiltration system according to claim 1, a shaft system with a storage volume or a shaft system without a storage volume according to claim 6, a channel system for linear drainage according to claim 8 and a method according to claim 11.

[0009] A first aspect of the invention is a concrete element for an infiltration system, comprising a first component zone and at least one second component zone, wherein the first component zone comprises a liquid-permeable concrete and wherein the at least one second component zone comprises a liquid-impermeable concrete. At least one composite zone is provided, wherein the first component zone and the at least one second component zone are arranged overlapping in the at least one composite zone.

[0010] The liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone is characterized by a high proportion of open porosity. Open porosity refers to the proportion of pores or voids in the liquid-permeable concrete that are interconnected, allowing liquids or gases to pass through them. Open porosity contrasts with closed porosity, in which the pores are not interconnected and therefore cannot allow liquids or gases to pass through.

[0011] In contrast, liquid-impermeable concrete is characterized by its low degree of open porosity. This porosity is so low that a liquid cannot penetrate the concrete. The bond zone is the area where the first component zone and the second component zone connect. In this bond zone, the two component zones overlap. In this overlap area, mixing of the first and second component zones, or the respective types of concrete, can occur.

[0012] In this case, overlapping in the bond zone means that both types of concrete, i.e., the impermeable concrete of the second component zone and the permeable concrete of the first component zone, are present simultaneously. In this case, the impermeable concrete is located in the open pores of the permeable concrete, so that these open pores are closed. Accordingly, in the bond zone, the permeable concrete and the impermeable concrete are interlocked and thus cannot be separated without damage.

[0013] The concrete element is a monolithic concrete element, so handling is simplified.

[0014] The permeable concrete ensures the infiltration of liquids, while the combination with impermeable concrete increases the strength of this monolithic structural element. This increased strength also has a positive effect on the handling of the concrete element during transport or installation.

[0015] For the concrete element, it is advantageous if the at least one bonding zone has a depth of at least 15 mm, preferably at least 20 mm, more preferably 25 mm. It is advantageous if, additionally or alternatively, the at least one bonding zone has a depth of a maximum of 35 mm, preferably a maximum of 40 mm, more preferably 100 mm.

[0016] In this context, depth refers to the penetration depth of the impermeable concrete into the permeable concrete. This depth usually corresponds to the length of the perpendicular between the first component zone and the second component zone. This depth can be adjusted to the size of the concrete element and the dimensions of the respective component zone to ensure the bond between the permeable and impermeable concrete, thus adjusting the strength of the concrete element.

[0017] Since the liquid-impermeable concrete of the second component zone has penetrated into the open porosity of the liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone, it is conceivable that the depth of the bond zone varies between the minimum depth and the maximum depth.

[0018] In order to ensure or guarantee the infiltration properties of the concrete element, the liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone has a permeability value (Kf) between 10-2 to 10-6 m / s, preferably between 10-2 to 10-5 m / s, more preferably between 10-3 to 10-5 m / s.

[0019] It is particularly advantageous for the concrete element if the liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone has a compressive strength class of at least C16 / 20 according to DIN EN 206:2021-06 (Chapter 4.3.1). Additionally or alternatively, the liquid-impermeable concrete of at least one second component zone can have a compressive strength class of at least C30 / 50 according to DIN EN 206:2021-06 (Chapter 4.3.1).

[0020] These compressive strength classes ensure that the concrete element can be easily handled as a monolithic component and can withstand a certain pressure during use.

[0021] According to DIN EN 206:2021-06, the characteristic minimum compressive strengths of concretes are determined and specified. These are determined using various concrete specimens, a standard cylinder and a standard cube. These specimens are immersed in water for 28 days to determine the compressive strength of the concrete. The standard cylinder has a diameter of 150 mm and a height of 300 mm, and the standard cube has an edge length of 150 mm. For the concretes that can be used for the concrete element, this means that the standard cylinder must have a characteristic minimum compressive strength of at least 16 N / mm² for liquid-permeable concrete after 28 days underwater. 2 and for liquid-impermeable concrete of 40 N / mm 2 For the standard cube, under the same conditions, at least 20 N / mm 2characteristic minimum compressive strength for the liquid-permeable concrete and at least 50 N / mm 2 characteristic minimum compressive strength for the liquid-impermeable concrete.

[0022] Furthermore, it is advantageous if the liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone has a grain size distribution of 5 mm to 32 mm, preferably 8 mm to 22 mm, more preferably 8 mm to 16 mm. Additionally or alternatively, the liquid-impermeable concrete of the at least one second component zone can have a grain size distribution of 0 mm to 32 mm, preferably 0 mm to 16 mm, more preferably 0 mm to 8 mm.

[0023] It is conceivable that the grain size distribution of the permeable concrete and the grain size distribution of the impermeable concrete are the same. However, it is also conceivable that the grain size distribution of the permeable concrete and the grain size distribution of the impermeable concrete are different.

[0024] The correct grain size or grain size distribution in permeable concrete enables improved and more efficient water permeability. Furthermore, the strength and stability of permeable concrete can be adjusted and tuned through the grain size or grain size distribution.

[0025] A precisely controlled grain size distribution in the impermeable concrete can contribute to a denser impermeable concrete. This makes the impermeable concrete less susceptible to water penetration. A finely tuned grain size distribution can reduce voids and pores, which increases watertightness. A second aspect of the invention is a shaft system with a storage volume or a shaft system without a storage volume, wherein the shaft system comprises at least one concrete element according to the first aspect.

[0026] Such a shaft system has optimized infiltration properties and is easy and safe to handle.

[0027] In the shaft system, it can be advantageous if the first component zone of the concrete element has a cylindrical shape and the lateral surface of the first component zone is surrounded by the at least one second component zone of the concrete element, so that the at least one composite zone is designed as a hollow cylinder.

[0028] A cylindrical shape of both the first component zone and the composite zone results in a constant pressure distribution across the shell surface. This is particularly beneficial both for the strength of the shaft system or the concrete element of the shaft system, as well as for the distribution of fluid pressure in the first component zone during infiltration of the fluid.

[0029] It is particularly advantageous for the shaft system if it has a cylindrical shape, which can advantageously be formed by the second component zone.

[0030] The second component zone can have a height that is a multiple of the height of the first component zone. The second component zone can then, for example, contain transport elements that require a higher compressive strength of the concrete for their anchoring in the concrete.

[0031] A third aspect of the invention is a gutter system for linear drainage, wherein the gutter system comprises at least one concrete element according to the first aspect.

[0032] This allows for directed infiltration of the liquid from the channel system into the surrounding area. It is particularly advantageous for the channel system if the first component zone of the concrete element overlaps in a longitudinal direction with the at least one second component zone in the at least one composite zone.

[0033] The first and second component zones are arranged longitudinally adjacent to each other to form a bonded zone. Here, the infiltration of the liquid occurs along the longitudinal extension of the channel system.

[0034] This allows longer concrete elements to be made available for the gutter systems, as the strength of the concrete element can also be adjusted via the depth of the bonding zone.

[0035] In the gutter system, it is conceivable that the first component zone of the concrete element overlaps in longitudinal extension with a second component zone in a second composite zone, wherein the second composite zone is arranged opposite the first composite zone.

[0036] In other words, a first component zone can be arranged between a first second component zone and a second second component zone, so that a composite zone is created in each case.

[0037] This allows for the creation of various gutter systems. At the same time, the position of the infiltration of liquids in the gutter systems can be adapted to different tasks.

[0038] It is possible for the first component zone to run the entire length of the concrete element of the channel system. It is also conceivable for several first component zones to be provided over the entire length of a concrete element; these can be arranged parallel along the longitudinal extension.

[0039] A fourth aspect of the invention is a method for producing a concrete element according to the first aspect, the method comprising the following steps:

[0040] Providing a casting mold for the concrete element; - Producing the permeable concrete;

[0041] - Pouring the liquid-permeable concrete into the casting mold;

[0042] - Curing of the liquid-permeable concrete to form the first component zone;

[0043] - Production of liquid-impermeable concrete;

[0044] - pouring the liquid-impermeable concrete onto the cured liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone into the casting mold, wherein the liquid-impermeable concrete flows into the pores of the liquid-permeable concrete, forming the at least one composite zone;

[0045] - Curing of the liquid-permeable concrete to form the second component zone;

[0046] - Demoulding the hardened concrete element.

[0047] This ensures that the open porosity of the liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone is penetrated by the liquid-impermeable concrete of the second component zone in the area of ​​the bonding zone in order to ensure the connection.

[0048] It is conceivable in the method that, before demoulding, further liquid-impermeable concrete is poured into the casting mould onto the liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone to form a second component zone, wherein the liquid-impermeable concrete flows into the pores of the liquid-permeable concrete, wherein a second composite zone opposite the first composite zone is formed in order to subsequently harden.

[0049] Depending on the shape of the concrete element and the position of the respective component zone, the casting mold can be rotated so that the second component zone is cast on a side of the first component zone that is opposite the first second component zone.

[0050] This method is particularly advantageous for producing a concrete element with a second component zone. For example, a gutter system as described above can be easily manufactured this way.

[0051] The invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment, which is explained in more detail with reference to the figures. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a concrete element according to the first aspect;

[0052] Figure 2 is an isometric view of a shaft system according to the second aspect;

[0053] Figure 3 is an isometric view of a gutter system according to the third aspect;

[0054] Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a process for producing a concrete element.

[0055] Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a concrete element 10 for an infiltration system. This can be used as a concrete element for the shaft system in Fig. 2 and the gutter system in Fig. 3. The concrete element in Fig. 1 is shown in simplified form as a beam.

[0056] Fig. 1 shows the concrete element 10 as a beam with a first component zone 12 and at least one second component zone 14. The first component zone 12 comprises a liquid-permeable concrete, and the at least one second component zone 14 comprises a liquid-impermeable concrete. Additionally, at least one composite zone 16 is provided, with the first component zone 12 and the at least one second component zone 14 being arranged overlapping in the at least one composite zone 16.

[0057] As can be seen in the bonding zone 16 of the concrete element 10 in Fig. 1, the liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone 12 is penetrated by the liquid-impermeable concrete of the second component zone 14. In the bonding zone 16, the two component zones 12, 14 interlock and are connected to each other in a non-destructive manner.

[0058] The bonding zone 16 has a depth T of at least 20 mm and a maximum of 40 mm. The depth T of the bonding zone 16 varies across the surface between a minimum of 20 mm and a maximum of 40 mm. Depending on the size of the respective concrete element 10, the depth T of the bonding zone 16 can also be at least 15 mm or at least 25 mm, or the depth T of the bonding zone 16 can be a maximum of 35 mm or a maximum of 100 mm.

[0059] To ensure the desired infiltration of liquids from the concrete element through the permeable concrete of the first component zone 12, the permeable concrete of the first component zone 12 has a permeability value Kf between 10-2 and 10-6 m / s. Depending on the application of the concrete element and the type of liquid, the permeability value Kf can also be between 10-2 and 10-5 m / s or between 10-3 and 10-5 m / s.

[0060] In order to ensure the strength for the respective use of the concrete element for an infiltration system, the liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone 12 has a compressive strength class Fck of at least C16 / 20 according to DIN EN 206:2021-06 and the liquid-impermeable concrete of the at least one second component zone 14 has a compressive strength class Fck of at least C30 / 50 according to DIN EN 206:2021-06.

[0061] The higher compressive strength class of the liquid-impermeable concrete of the second component zone 14 is advantageous if additional components, such as transport elements 30, are provided. The higher compressive strength ensures that these transport elements 30 are firmly anchored in the concrete element 10.

[0062] To achieve the strength and permeability of the first component zone 12, the permeable concrete of the first component zone 12 has a grain size distribution of 5 mm to 32 mm. By selecting different grain sizes within the grain size distribution, the packing density as well as the size of the pores can be adjusted and adjusted. The pores simultaneously determine the permeability value Kf.

[0063] The liquid-impermeable concrete of the at least one second component zone 14 also has a grain size distribution of 0 mm to 32 mm. A higher packing density is selected here to create little or essentially no porosity, so that there is no permeability to liquids.

[0064] Fig. 2 shows a shaft system 18 with a storage volume. The shaft system 18 comprises at least one concrete element 10 with the aforementioned properties. The beam shown in Fig. 1 represents this concrete element 10 of the shaft system 18.

[0065] In the shaft system 18 shown, the first component zone 12 of the concrete element 10 has a cylindrical shape. The outer surface 20 of the first component zone 12 is surrounded by the at least one second component zone 14 of the concrete element 10, so that the at least one composite zone 16 is formed as a hollow cylinder 22.

[0066] The second component zone 16 is also designed as a hollow cylinder and has transport elements 30. The shaft system 18 can be lifted and transported using ropes, for example, or positioned for installation.

[0067] Fig. 3 shows a gutter system 24 for linear drainage, wherein the gutter system 24 has at least concrete element 10 with the above properties.

[0068] The first component zone 12 of the concrete element 10 overlaps in a longitudinal extension L with the at least one second component zone 14 in the at least one composite zone 16.

[0069] As shown in Fig. 3, the gutter system 24 comprises a component element 10 with a second component zone 26, which is arranged in the longitudinal extension L along the first component zone 12 of the concrete element 10. The first component zone 12 and the second component zone 26 overlap in a second composite zone 16. The second composite zone 28 is arranged opposite the first composite zone 16.

[0070] Fig. 4 shows a method 100 for producing a concrete element 10 according to Fig. 1, the method 100 comprising the following steps: - providing 110 a casting mold of the concrete element 10;

[0071] - Production 120 of the liquid-permeable concrete;

[0072] - Pouring 130 the liquid-permeable concrete into the casting mould;

[0073] - Curing 140 of the liquid-permeable concrete to form the first component zone 12;

[0074] - Production 150 of liquid-impermeable concrete;

[0075] - pouring 160 the liquid-impermeable concrete onto the cured liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone 12 into the casting mold, wherein the liquid-impermeable concrete flows into the pores of the liquid-permeable concrete, forming the at least one composite zone 16;

[0076] - Curing 170 of the liquid-permeable concrete to form the second component zone 14;

[0077] - Demoulding 180 of the hardened concrete element 10.

[0078] The steps shown in dashed lines in Fig. 4 can be carried out to produce a concrete element for a gutter system according to Fig. 3. Before demolding 180, further liquid-impermeable concrete is poured 160 into the casting mold onto the liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone 12 to form a second component zone 26. The liquid-impermeable concrete flows into the pores of the liquid-permeable concrete, forming a second composite zone 28 opposite the first composite zone 16, which subsequently hardens 170.

[0079] List of reference symbols

[0080] 10 concrete elements

[0081] 12 First component zone

[0082] 14 (first) second component zone

[0083] 16 (first) interconnected zone

[0084] 18 shaft system

[0085] 20 lateral surface

[0086] 22 hollow cylinders

[0087] 24 gutter system

[0088] 26 (second) second component zone

[0089] 28 (second) composite zone 30 transport element

[0090] 100 procedures

[0091] 110 Provision

[0092] 120 Production of liquid-permeable concrete

[0093] 130 Pouring the liquid-permeable concrete

[0094] 140 Curing of the liquid-permeable concrete

[0095] 150 Production of liquid-impermeable concrete

[0096] 160 Pouring the impermeable concrete

[0097] 170 Curing of the impermeable concrete

[0098] 180 demolding

[0099] T Depth

[0100] Kf permeability value

[0101] Fck compressive strength class

[0102] L Longitudinal extension

Claims

Claims 1. Concrete element (10) for an infiltration system, with a first component zone (12) and at least one second component zone (14), wherein the first component zone (12) comprises a liquid-permeable concrete and wherein the at least one second component zone (14) comprises a liquid-impermeable concrete, characterized in that at least one composite zone (16) is provided, wherein the first component zone (12) and the at least one second component zone (14) are arranged overlapping in the at least one composite zone (16).

2. Concrete element (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one bonding zone (16) has a depth (T) of at least 15 mm, preferably at least 20 mm, more preferably 25 mm, and / or that the at least one bonding zone (16) has a depth (T) of at most 35 mm, preferably at most 40 mm, more preferably 100 mm.

3. Concrete element (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone (12) has a permeability value (Kf) between 10' 2 up to 10' 6 m / s, preferably between 10' 2 up to 10' 5 m / s, further preferably between 10' 3 up to 10' 5 m / s.

4. Concrete element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone (12) has a compressive strength class (Fck) of at least C16 / 20 according to DIN EN 206:2021-06 and / or that the liquid-impermeable concrete of the at least one second component zone (14) has a compressive strength class (Fck) of at least C30 / 50 according to DIN EN 206:2021-06.

5. Concrete element (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone (12) has a grain size distribution of 5 mm to 32 mm, preferably 8 mm to 22 mm, more preferably 8 mm to 16 mm, and / or that the liquid-impermeable concrete of the at least one second component zone (14) has a grain size distribution of 0 mm to 32 mm, preferably 0 mm to 28 mm, more preferably 0 mm to 8 mm.

6. Shaft system (18) with a storage volume or shaft system (18) without a storage volume, wherein the shaft system (18) has at least one concrete element (10) according to claims 1 to 5.

7. Shaft system (18) according to claim 6, characterized in that the first component zone (12) of the concrete element (10) has a cylindrical shape and the outer surface (20) of the first component zone (12) is surrounded by the at least one second component zone (14) of the concrete element (10), so that the at least one composite zone (16) is designed as a hollow cylinder (22).

8. Channel system (24) for linear drainage, wherein the channel system (24) comprises at least concrete elements (10) according to claims 1 to 5.

9. Gutter system (24) according to claim 8, characterized in that the first component zone (12) of the concrete element (10) overlaps in a longitudinal extent (L) with the at least one second component zone (14) in the at least one composite zone (16).

10. Gutter system (24) according to claim 9, characterized in that the first component zone (12) of the concrete element (10) overlaps in the longitudinal extent (L) with a second component zone (26) in a second composite zone (16), wherein the second composite zone (28) is arranged opposite the first composite zone (16).

11. A method (100) for producing a concrete element (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the method (100) comprises the following steps: - providing (110) a casting mold of the concrete element (10); - producing (120) the liquid-permeable concrete; - pouring (130) the liquid-permeable concrete into the casting mould; - curing (140) the liquid-permeable concrete to form the first component zone (12); - producing (150) the liquid-impermeable concrete; - pouring (160) the liquid-impermeable concrete onto the hardened liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone (12) into the casting mold, wherein the liquid-impermeable concrete flows into the pores of the liquid-permeable concrete, forming the at least one composite zone (16); - curing (170) the liquid-permeable concrete to form the second component zone (14); - demoulding (180) of the hardened concrete element (10).

12. Method (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that before demolding (180) to form a second component zone (26), further liquid-impermeable concrete is poured (160) onto the liquid-permeable concrete of the first component zone (12) into the casting mold, wherein the liquid-impermeable concrete flows into the pores of the liquid-permeable concrete, wherein a second composite zone (28) opposite the first composite zone (16) is formed in order to subsequently harden (170).

Images