Apparatus for attaching end plates to an internal assembly of an electrochemical cell

Abstract

An apparatus for attaching end plates (B) to an internal assembly, wherein a plurality of internal assemblies are transported on a work path (C) with respective target ends of the end plates (T) facing in opposite directions, comprises an attaching station comprising two attaching devices (121), configured to induce a permanent and stable connection between end plates (T) and respective ends on which the end plate (T) is adhered, and positioned on opposite sides of said work path (C), and a similar second attaching device (121), wherein the attaching devices (121) are offset with respect to each other.

Description

[0001] Apparatus for attaching end plates to an internal assembly, preferably for electrochemical cells in the manufacture of batteries

[0002] The present invention has as its object an apparatus for attaching end plates to an internal assembly which, in particular, can be an electrochemical cell used for the manufacture of batteries as secondary batteries, for example lithium-ion batteries, which will be referred to hereinafter without losing generality.

[0003] The present invention also concerns a method for attaching end plates to an internal assembly, which can be adopted in the context of the manufacture of batteries as specified above.

[0004] As known, the manufacture of electrochemical cells involves, in wider terms:

[0005] - a step of packaging the electrochemical cell, wherein an internal assembly of conductor elements (one for the anode and one for the cathode) and separator elements is made and in which said internal assembly is inserted into an outer protective casing,

[0006] - a step of filling the electrochemical cell with an electrolytic solution that is placed in contact with the internal assembly, and finally,

[0007] - a step of formation of the electrochemical cell that allows to make it suitable for delivering and / or storing electrical energy.

[0008] In particular, the packaging step cause the conductor elements and the separator elements be coupled together according to a predefined structure, for example by superimposing them in alternating flat layers, as in the case of prismatic batteries, or by winding in a spiral alternating layers of conductor tapes and separator tapes to form a coil, as in the case of cylindrical batteries.

[0009] In any case, the structures of conductor elements and separator elements, generically indicated with the expression "internal assemblies", obtained by the coupling of conductor elements alternated to separator elements, before being introduced into the outer protective casing, are attached at the opposing axial ends to special electrical collectors, each of which, by connecting the different elements of the same type of conductor (for example the anode or the cathode) together, forms one of the two electrical poles of the electrochemical cell.

[0010] In the present disclosure, as well as in the accompanying claims, certain terms and expressions are deemed to have, unless otherwise expressly indicated, the meaning expressed in the following definitions.

[0011] The term "internal assembly" of an electrochemical cell generically refers to the structure wherein the conductor elements and the separator elements are combined within the electrochemical cell. Such a structure may be composed of alternated layers superimposed on top of each other.

[0012] This superimposition can be obtained through substantially flat layers, i.e. by means of "stacking" type superimposition techniques, with several flat elements stacked on top of each other for each type of layer, or of the "Z-folding" type, with a single flat element folded several times for each type of layer.

[0013] Alternatively, in the pertinent technical field, it is known to combine conductor tapes and separator tapes in layers, in order to form an anode and cathode structure, obtaining a superposition thereof by winding in the form of a coil, for making the electrochemical cell itself.

[0014] The term "coil" is intended to mean any structure with a spiral cross-section, formed by winding a tape, a strip or more generally a tape-like article, around a winding axis, a flat surface or another winding structure. Depending on the structure around which the tape-like article is wound, the overall shape of the coil may be substantially cylindrical rather than crushed or otherwise conformed.

[0015] As mentioned above, the coil can be applied not only in the electrochemical cell sector but also in other sectors, such as for example in the sector of the capacitors and so- called supercapacitors, within which coil-shaped structures can likewise be used.

[0016] An example of apparatus and of method for making batteries by winding conductor tapes and separator tapes is described in International Application No. WO 2023 / 119180 Al of the same Applicant.

[0017] Subsequently, to one or both ends of the coil and possibly after adequate preparation, end plates are applied, which close the end of the coil to which the plate is applied.

[0018] The plate can then perform the closing function and, in the context of battery manufacturing, it can operate as an electrical collector as a part thereof.

[0019] An electrical collector is a conductor element configured to electrically join single portions of a conductor element, i.e. single portions of distinct conductor elements, albeit of the same type. The electrical collector is preferably attached to an axial end of the internal assembly. Preferably, the electrical collector has a shape of the axial end of the internal assembly to which it is attached. For example, in the case of coilshaped internal assembly the electrical collector typically has a disc shape. Preferably, the portions of conductor element that are joined by the electrical collector are tabs protruding from the axial end of the internal assembly.

[0020] An electrical collector is "attached" or "applied" to an internal assembly of an electrochemical cell when they are in a fixed condition of mutual contact.

[0021] The internal assembly of an electrochemical cell, and the coil in particular, comprises a pair of opposite ends defining an axis of the internal assembly, i.e. of the coil, joining said ends, and which may be an axis of symmetry or a winding axis. Such ends are the preferred position the for the electrical collectors in an electrochemical cell, in turn connected to anode and cathode.

[0022] The term "closed path" is intended to mean a path along which a winding head, a turntable or carousel structure or other element run, in which the initial point and the end point of the path substantially coincide. The shape of the path can be any: it can have rectilinear stretches that form a polygonal line, a curved line with or without rectilinear stretches, an oval or circular line. The term "in continuous", referred to an expression of motion, is intended to mean an operation that takes place seamlessly, without there being a stop or an interruption in the operation in question. In particular, with reference to the movement of a tape, a wheel or other element, the term "in continuous" indicates that the movement is without pauses or stops and is never stopped except to interrupt the overall operation.

[0023] In the "continuous movement" the linear or angular speed of a movable element may be substantially constant, or it may have a variable profile, with accelerations and slowdowns.

[0024] The term "substantially constant" referred to a measure or quantity, such as for example the speed of displacement of an object, is intended to mean that said measure or quantity maintains, over time, a value which preferably varies by a maximum of ±10%, preferably by a maximum of ±5%, preferably by a maximum of ±2%.

[0025] The term "ratcheted" referred to an expression of motion such as for example rotation, is intended to mean an operation that takes place in steps, therefore in a discontinuous way, interspersed with stops.

[0026] The term "integral" referred to the movement of two or more elements, is intended to mean that these elements perform substantially the same movement and substantially simultaneously. In other words, two integral elements move together, as a single body, although they are not necessarily joined or constrained to each other. It can in fact be provided that the respective systems of movement of the two elements are coordinated in such a way as to move, when necessary, the two elements together, i.e. in an integral manner. Furthermore, it may be provided for the use of a temporary constraint between the two elements which, for example, joins them to each other in some steps, causing them to move together, and separates them again, making them movable independently of each other.

[0027] It should also be specified that the expression "to displace an object between a first position and a second position" is intended to mean both the displacement from the first position to the second position and the displacement from the second position to the first position.

[0028] This definition applies in an analogous way to similar expressions of motion, such as for example to transfer or to move a generic object between two positions or between two zones or even between two different operating configurations.

[0029] The term "turntable system" or "carousel system" is intended to mean a rotating structure, a drum or wheel, on which rotatable devices are mounted with an axis of rotation that is dragged in rotation by the rotating structure. The rotatable devices, which can therefore rotate or oscillate, are equally distanced with a constant pitch at the perimeter or in any case at a circular line determined on the rotating structure.

[0030] The turntable or carousel systems rotate according to a direction of constant rotation, and the devices or members dragged by them therefore create a closed path. The rotation can be in continuous or ratcheted, and in the latter case the step of the jerk coincides with the step of separation between devices that are mounted on the rotating structure.

[0031] The term "conveyor" system or structure, instead of turntable or carousel one, is intended to mean a rotating structure consisting of a closed belt conveyor element, which is dragged by one or more motor wheels, with the help of one or more driven wheels between which the conveyor element extends with a shape that depends on the position of said wheels, forming transport segments that may have a rectilinear extension. Although such a system is particularly suitable for the transport of articles, it can be arranged for the transport, along a closed path, of a plurality of operating devices that run along said closed path; such devices may in turn be rotating and / or oscillating and possibly provided with their own actuating members.

[0032] The term "checking station" is intended to mean a station that is arranged to check the presence and correctness of the position of an element intended, in a subsequent station, to be attached to a target end of an internal assembly of an electrochemical cell.

[0033] The term "correct positioning" of an element intended, in a subsequent station, to be attached to a target end of an internal assembly of an electrochemical cell, is intended to mean a position suitable to make, in an attaching step, a stable connection, without its position being subject to further adjustments. It is also understood that a positioning check necessarily also implies a check first of the presence, and then of the specific position, by preferably comparing it with an example of a correct position or with another similar position reference.

[0034] As part of the constant need to increase the performance and efficiency of its manufacture processes, the Applicant has preliminarily observed that, in a manufacture line for the assembly of internal assemblies, in particular for the manufacture of batteries, the application and attaching of end plates is not exempt from numerous operational problems that, on the one hand, are linked to the speed of manufacture and, on the other hand, are connected to the need to keep compact the assembly apparatuses, which cannot also be subjected to excessive stresses.

[0035] However, the Applicant observed that the known assembly processes were not sufficiently adequate for the intended purposes, and in particular, the end plates are connected to their target end without the necessary safety, which was achieved by sacrificing the compactness of the assembly apparatus, relying on subsequent processes to check the suitability of the final product.

[0036] To increase this compactness in attaching the end plates, the Applicant has therefore perceived that this can be achieved by acting simultaneously on both sides of a work path, so as to achieve attaching of end plates to both target ends of internal assemblies subject to transport.

[0037] The Applicant has also noted that a further improvement in the performance of this process can be obtained by offsetting the execution of the permanent connections in the same work path, without the compactness of the apparatus being sacrificed.

[0038] The Applicant therefore further perceived that, if both these expedients were applied, it was possible to obtain significant improvements in the stability of the process, and also a substantial reduction in the encumbrances.

[0039] Finally, the Applicant has found that it is possible to insert these expedients into an apparatus for assembling internal assemblies, creating, in this context, an apparatus for attaching end plates capable of obtaining the improvements previously perceived.

[0040] Thanks to these features, the operations for attaching the end plates can be carried out with considerable safety and in a small encumbrance.

[0041] In a first aspect thereof, therefore, the present invention is directed to an apparatus for attaching end plates to an internal assembly of an electrochemical cell which, by way of example, may be a coil.

[0042] Preferably, in said apparatus, a plurality of said internal assemblies are transported on a work path, each with respective opposite target ends to which respective end plates will be applied and attached.

[0043] The apparatus for attaching end plates preferably comprises an attaching station wherein the attaching of the end plates to the target ends of the internal assemblies is performed.

[0044] Preferably, the attaching station comprises distinct first and second attaching device positioned on opposite sides of said work path, such that they operate on a respective side of said work path.

[0045] Preferably, said first and second attaching devices are configured to induce a permanent and stable connection between an end plate and the respective target end of the internal assemblies to which each end plate is adhered.

[0046] Preferably, said first and second attaching devices are positioned offset with respect to each other along said work path, so that they operate on the same internal assembly but in different positions in the work path.

[0047] In this way, the connection of an end plate on one end of the internal assembly does not interfere with the attachment of an end plate to the other end of the internal assembly, and vice versa.

[0048] In addition, in this way, the encumbrances are optimised, adopting a positioning of the attaching devices that allows them to act directly and punctually on the respective target ends.

[0049] In a second aspect thereof, the present invention concerns a method for attaching an end plate to an internal assembly of an electrochemical cell, which by way of example may be a coil.

[0050] Preferably, said method provides that a plurality of internal assemblies are transported, on a work path, with respective target ends of the end plates facing in opposite directions.

[0051] Preferably, in said method, a first attaching step is provided, to induce a permanent and stable connection between the end plate and its target end on which the end plate is adhered, and positioned on one side of said work path in a first predefined position.

[0052] Then, a second attaching step is provided, to induce a permanent and stable connection between the end plate and its target end on which the end plate is adhered, and positioned on the opposite side of said work path, in a second predefined position.

[0053] Preferably, said second predefined position is different from said first position, i.e. the two positions are offset on said work path.

[0054] Thanks to these characteristics of the apparatus and of the method, the stresses on the work path at the attaching station can be contained, without sacrificing the compactness of the apparatus.

[0055] In a third aspect thereof, the present invention concerns an apparatus for assembling internal assemblies of respective electrochemical cells, i.e. obtained by assembling an internal assembly with two end plates on its target ends.

[0056] Preferably, said apparatus comprises an apparatus for attaching an end plate to an internal assembly as specified in said first aspect.

[0057] In a fourth aspect thereof, the present invention again concerns an apparatus for assembling internal assemblies of respective electrochemical cells, which preferably comprises an apparatus for attaching an end plate to an internal assembly performing the method of attaching an end plate, as specified in said second aspect.

[0058] In a fifth aspect thereof, the present invention concerns an apparatus for manufacturing coil articles, in particular batteries, comprising an assembly apparatus for coil articles as specified in said third aspect.

[0059] In a sixth aspect thereof, the present invention concerns an apparatus for manufacturing coil articles, in particular batteries, comprising an assembly apparatus for coil articles as specified in said fourth aspect.

[0060] In a seventh aspect thereof, the present invention concerns an apparatus for manufacturing coil articles, in particular batteries, further comprising an apparatus for making coils by winding a plurality of tapes, and an intermediate transfer device supplying an assembly apparatus as specified in the second aspect.

[0061] The present invention, in at least one of the aforesaid aspects, may have at least one of the further preferred features set forth below.

[0062] Preferably, the apparatus for attaching end plates to a coil provides that the end plates are adhered, when the attaching devices are activated, to the respective target end with a predetermined pressure, by a respective jaw retaining the end plate in a predefined position.

[0063] This facilitates adhesion of the end plate.

[0064] Preferably, the attaching apparatus provides that the attaching devices perform localised heating of the end plate, which is provided with an adhesive layer, on its own adhesion surface, which is of the thermally activated type.

[0065] Preferably, the apparatus provides that a localised heating is performed only on solid parts of the respective end plate, to which adhesion surfaces correspond.

[0066] This allows to optimize the attaching process, making it faster and more efficient.

[0067] Preferably, said adhesion surfaces are provided with an adhesive layer of the thermally activated type.

[0068] Preferably, said apparatus provides that the attaching devices are of the type emitting a laser beam, thus supplied by a respective waveguide which is connected to a focusing body.

[0069] Thanks to this feature, an effective connection can be made quickly.

[0070] Preferably, in the attaching apparatus a laser beam is directed onto the solid parts of the end plates, at which, on the other face, a thermally activated type adhesive is provided.

[0071] This can be possible by identifying the position of the solid parts, which can preferably be performed, in the apparatus, by at least one image detection device, which provides the image of the end plate to a control unit which in turn provides for adjusting the orientation of the laser beam.

[0072] This prevents the laser, if it is wrongly directed onto openings of the end plates, from being able to cause any form of damage.

[0073] Preferably, the method provides that each attaching step is preceded by a step of recognising the position of each end plate, in order to be able to better manage the attaching step.

[0074] Furthermore, this recognition step provides for identifying the solid parts of the end plate.

[0075] In the method for attaching end plates, a permanent and stable connection between them and the respective target ends may preferably be induced by means of at least one laser beam, so as to achieve thermal activation of said connection, making said activation immediate.

[0076] In this case, preferably said at least one laser beam is directed onto solid parts of the end plate, to avoid any interference with its parts with openings and notches.

[0077] Preferably, to facilitate the use of a laser as a method for activating the connection, said plurality of internal assemblies can be transported along the work path with a ratcheted motion.

[0078] It should be specified that some steps of the methods described above may be independent of the order of execution reported. In addition, some steps may be optional. In addition, some steps of the methods may be performed repetitively, or may be performed in series or in parallel with other steps of the method.

[0079] The present invention will be hereinafter described according to a preferred embodiment thereof, which is provided for illustrative and non-limiting purposes with reference to the enclosed drawings wherein:

[0080] * figure 1 shows a schematic perspective view of an apparatus for manufacturing batteries including an apparatus for winding coil-formed electrochemical cells and an apparatus for assembling batteries, including an apparatus for applying an end plate to a coil according to the present invention;

[0081] * figure 2 shows a side view of an apparatus for assembling batteries and of the apparatus for applying an end plate to a coil of figure 1;

[0082] * figure 2A shows an enlarged perspective view of the detail in box A of figure 2;

[0083] * figure 3 shows a detailed side perspective view of the apparatus for applying an end plate of the previous figures;

[0084] * figure 3A shows an enlarged perspective view of a detail of a transfer plier for applying the aforementioned end plate;

[0085] * figure 4 shows a detailed perspective view from below of the apparatus for applying an end plate of the previous figures;

[0086] * figure 5 shows an enlarged side view illustrating a step of applying an end plate in the apparatus for applying an end plate of the preceding figures;

[0087] * figures 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D show respective perspective views illustrating different steps of application and check of an end plate; and

[0088] * figure 7 shows a side view of an apparatus for assembling batteries and an apparatus for attaching end plates to a coil of figure 1.

[0089] With reference initially to figure 1, 100 indicates overall an apparatus for manufacturing coil articles, in particular batteries, which includes an apparatus for making coils 200 by winding a plurality of tapes, for forming a coil B, on the left in figure 1. The apparatus for manufacturing batteries 100 also comprises an assembly apparatus 300 for coil articles such as, for example, electrochemical batteries, on the right in figure 1, starting from said coils B, which are transferred from the apparatus for manufacturing coils 200 by an intermediate transfer device 400 between the two apparatuses.

[0090] As outlined above, the coil articles are a particular example of internal assembly and are made by winding operations.

[0091] It is intended that the present invention be incorporated into an assembly apparatus for coil articles that includes an apparatus for applying and attaching one or two end plates to one or both the target ends of a single coil, and such apparatus will be described with reference to the devices composing it.

[0092] The assembly apparatus that will be described below may therefore exist independently of the apparatus for manufacturing coil articles which, in the present embodiment example, comprises it, and it may therefore be supplied by any coil dispenser for the manufacture of coil articles, which therefore replaces the aforementioned transfer device 400.

[0093] Furthermore, the assembly apparatus may, more generally, be intended for the assembly of internal assemblies obtained by superimposing alternated layers to the winding, and the present invention concerns this more general aspect, although, in the following, the apparatus will be described with reference to the assembly of coil articles or, more briefly, coils, and inserted in an apparatus for manufacturing coil articles.

[0094] The apparatus for manufacturing coil articles 100 is therefore intended, in this preferred embodiment, to initially perform winding of a tape-like article N which, by way of example, is intended for the manufacture of electrochemical cells which are subsequently further processed and assembled in respective batteries.

[0095] It is however understood that this represents only one possible embodiment example, and that the apparatus 100 according to the present invention may be intended for winding articles that include a coil of wound tape-like elements also intended for different uses, and in fields other than those related to the manufacture of electrochemical cells.

[0096] For example, again in the field of energy storage, the present invention may find application in the manufacture of other components intended for batteries or supercapacitors.

[0097] In some embodiments, such as for example the one illustrated in figure 1, the apparatus 100 may be used within a line for the manufacture of coil for electrochemical cells, wherein the tape-like article N is made by a combination of multiple tapes Nl, N2, N3, N4, preferably overlapped into layers.

[0098] Such tapes advantageously comprise at least two conductor tapes Nl, N3 and two separator layers N2, N4, which are arranged alternately to form the tape-like article N.

[0099] In this way the separator layers N2, N4 can allow to keep the two conductor tapes Nl and N3 electrically separated from each other when they are wound in a spiral, forming the coil intended for the electrochemical cell.

[0100] In preferred embodiments, the tapes Nl, N2, N3, N4 are provided by special dispensing devices that can be formed by large-sized coils wherein the tape is collected so as to be unwound and therefore provided during the operation of the apparatus.

[0101] The tapes are then provided to a feed unit 2 which, in preferred embodiments, takes care of combining the tapes between them in such a way as to form the tape-like article N, before it is wound by a relative winding unit 1, the characteristics of which will be described in detail below.

[0102] It will be appreciated that the tapes, before being provided to the feed unit 2 can pass through further units for example intended to carry out preliminary processing on the tapes. For example, the conductor tapes Nl, N3 can be subjected to preliminary etching operations to form a relative outer edge to favour the connections with the further conductor portions within the electrochemical cell.

[0103] In this case, the respective outer borders of the conductor tapes Nl, N3 will be formed by a succession of protruding tabs, obtained from the thickness of the tape by means of incisions transverse to the development of the tape, located on the border.

[0104] In this embodiment, it is provided that the tapes Nl, N2, N3, N4 are advanced along different directions to converge towards a coupling roller, on which they are all partially wound so that, downstream of said tape, there is a single multilayer structure forming the tape-like article N.

[0105] In preferred embodiments, the tapes Nl, N2, N3, N4 are fed continuously into the feed unit 2.

[0106] In other words, each tape, or possibly one or more of the aforesaid tapes, is introduced into the feed unit 2 without ever stopping, proceeding with a speed greater than zero and, preferably, substantially constant.

[0107] In some embodiments the presence of a plier 26, or other similar holding element, acting on the tape at the time when it is required to be stopped or slowed down may be provided to slow down the movement of such a part of tape.

[0108] The plier 26 can advantageously be movable, so as to adjust the advancement speed of the relative tape by controlling its movement.

[0109] The plier 26 can also be associated with a relative knife 27 which, if necessary, cuts one of the tapes, to create an interruption in the continuity of said tape within the overall tape-like article N.

[0110] With reference to figure 1, the apparatus for manufacturing coil articles 100 comprises, immediately downstream of the feed unit 2, a winding unit 1 receiving the tape-like article N formed by the feed unit 2.

[0111] In preferred embodiments, the winding unit 1 comprises a plurality of winding heads 10, each of which allows the tape-like article N to be wound according to manners described in greater detail below.

[0112] The winding heads 10 are movable within a work path that is preferably closed, and the movement of the winding heads 10 is achieved by means of a respective movement device 3 by means of which it is possible to make each head run along the respective work path.

[0113] In some embodiments, such as the one illustrated in figure 1, the movement device 3 comprises a rotatable body 30 that can rotate around a first axis of rotation X. It supports a plurality of extendable arms 31 which, preferably, are hinged at a proximal end thereof to the rotatable body 30 so that they can oscillate with respect to said end and, at the respective opposite distal end, a respective winding head 10 is in turn supported.

[0114] The rotatable body 30 is conformed like a cylindrical drum, with a lateral cylindrical surface and a flat operating surface 32 on which all the hinges of the aforementioned proximal ends lie, at a certain distance from the centre and from the circular edge of the operating surface 32 itself.

[0115] Advantageously, the combination of the rotatable body 30 and of the extendable and oscillating arms 31, whose extension is varied during the rotation of the rotatable body 30, allows the winding heads to make the necessary displacements to follow the intended work path and, in preferred embodiments, this results in that the winding heads 10 move according to a trajectory that includes at least an overall rotation around the first axis of rotation X of the movement device 3, and also a translation and / or a rotation around a further axis, distinct from said first axis of rotation X.

[0116] It can therefore be observed how the rotation around this further axis is achieved by the oscillation of the arms 31 around the axis passing through their respective proximal end connected to the rotatable body 30.

[0117] However, it is evident that different combinations of such movements can also be provided which can be performed both simultaneously and one in succession to the other.

[0118] In some embodiments, the rotatable body 30 is also advantageously movable, in addition to around its first axis of rotation X, also in a lateral displacement direction along which said rotatable body 30 and, in general, the movement device 3, can be displaced.

[0119] In some embodiments, each winding head 10 supports a gripping device that is configured to grab a portion of said tape-like article N.

[0120] The winding of the tape-like article N can thus be obtained by rotating the gripping devices themselves around their winding axis. By grabbing an end of the tape-like article N or, more generally, a portion thereof, and by rotating said end or portion, it is in fact possible to wind the tape-like article N obtaining a spiral configuration that forms the coil B.

[0121] The path of each winding head 10 is such that it intercepts the tape-like article in a first position Pl, and subsequently it moves away, by means of an anticlockwise oscillation of the respective extendable arm 31 extending the tapes that form the tape-like element and winding them.

[0122] Subsequently, the winding head displaces itself to a second position P2 where there is provided, in some embodiments, a folding device 60 which is configured to fold the two opposite axial ends of the coil. In fact, it can be provided that the conductor tapes each protrude axially, the one on one side and the other on the other side, and are folded in such a way as to form a single conductor portion intended to be connected to an anode / cathode end in the electrolytic cell, when it will be assembled.

[0123] In some embodiments, the application of a closing element of the coil B can also be provided, which closing element is configured in such a way as to prevent it from unwinding once it is unloaded by the winding head 10. Such a closing element may for example be represented by a tape applied circumferentially to the coil in order to close the terminal flap of the tape-shaped element.

[0124] Subsequently, the winding head 10 and the respective coil B is moved closer to an unloading zone P3, where it is captured by the transfer device 400.

[0125] These displacements, which correspond to segments of the path of each winding head 10, are caused by oscillating and extending or retracting the respective extendable arm 31; once the coil B is released, the operating head 10 completes the path by approaching again said first position Pl.

[0126] The transfer device 400 is conformed like a turntable and comprises a first rotating drum 41, of cylindrical shape, configured to rotate about a respective second axis of rotation Y which is parallel to the first axis of rotation X of the rotatable body 30. It has a cylindrical edge on which a plurality of oscillating arms 42 are rotatably mounted, each provided with its own proximal end driven in rotation to oscillate the oscillating arm with an oscillation that occurs, in this embodiment, in a clockwise direction (figure 1), i.e. in accordance with the direction of rotation of the first rotating drum 41.

[0127] The oscillating arms 42 comprise, at their proximal end, a gripping member 43 that grabs a single coil B in said unloading zone P3. The subsequent oscillation of the oscillating arm 42 allows the insertion of the coil B in the assembly apparatus 300, present in this embodiment described herein.

[0128] With reference to figures 1, 2, and 2A, the assembly apparatus 300 includes at least one work path C along which the coils B, exiting the transfer device 400, transit, to be subjected to different assembly steps in corresponding workstations.

[0129] In some embodiments, the work path C is closed and, in some preferred embodiments, it is circular, being constituted on a turntable structure 51, which comprises a respective second rotating drum 52, which is induced to rotate with a ratcheted motion, around a respective main axis of rotation A of the assembly apparatus 300 which, in the present example, is parallel, going backwards in the present description, with the second axis of rotation T of the first rotating drum 41 and with the first axis of rotation X of the rotatable body 30.

[0130] It will be noted that, in the present embodiment of the apparatus for manufacturing coil articles 100, the rotatable body and the drums 41, 52 will be mounted on a common frame which provides the apparatus with all the actuating devices for causing the synchronised rotations of these rotatable elements.

[0131] It is also understood that the work path C, preferably closed, may be built on a conveyor structure instead of a turntable one, which may comprise a plurality of rotatable devices installed on a closed rotatable ring placed in rotation by special wheels. In this case, the following description, referred to a complex turntable structure, can be easily adapted to a conveyor structure without departing from the inventive concepts that will be described below.

[0132] With reference to figure 2, the assembly apparatus 300 comprises a control unit 150 that governs the operations that are carried out on the coils B. This control unit 150 can possibly govern the entire operation of the whole apparatus for manufacturing coil articles 100, by means of special sensors and the actuation of special sensors.

[0133] A control interface 180 will be connected to the control unit 150, to allow an operator to manage the entire apparatus.

[0134] The second rotating drum 52 has a cylindrical shape and supports, at a flat face thereof, a crown 53 defining a cylindrical edge 54 of the turntable structure 51, which has a thickness of amplitude similar to the longitudinal extension of the coils.

[0135] It is understood that, in some embodiments, the crown 53 could be rotatable on the fixed drum 52.

[0136] At the cylindrical edge, the turntable structure 51 comprises multiple first jaws 55, which are provided with pairs of jaws, controlled by a single axis actuated by a respective first actuator shaft 56. The turntable structure 51 comprises a plurality of such pairs of first jaws 55, equally distributed along the cylindrical edge 54, each first jaw 55 having a pair of gripping ends 57 protruding from said cylindrical edge 54, i.e. from intermediate positions in its thickness, to grab the coils B in at least two clamping, so as to ensure that the coils B in the first jaws and the turntable structure 51 are integral until the first jaws are opened.

[0137] In this regard, the gripping ends 57 of each pair of first jaws 55 form a corresponding recess arranged to accommodate a respective coil B which is inserted by an oscillating arm 42 with which the turntable structure 51 co-operates.

[0138] With reference to figure 2A, a loading zone P4 of the structure of the assembly apparatus 300 is described, wherein, while the transfer device 400 induces a clockwise rotation of the oscillating arms 42, which in turn rotate in a direction concordant with that of the transfer device, the gripping member 43 penetrates in the direction of the cylindrical edge 54 inserting a single coil B into the target recess.

[0139] When the coil B has been deposited, the first jaws 55 grab the coil and hold it in a predefined position with respect to the cylindrical edge in the target recess, with the ends of the coil B laterally facing the cylindrical edge 54.

[0140] Simultaneously, the gripping member 43 releases the coil B, while the respective rotatable arm 42 continues its path, thus starting an oscillation in the direction opposite to the previous one, i.e. counterclockwise in this example, to prepare itself to receive a new coil in the unloading zone P3.

[0141] Therefore, from the loading zone P4, the work path C of the coils B begins, which in the present embodiment example follows a counterclockwise direction, which ends in a picking zone P5 from which the coils, provided with at least one end plate T, are extracted from the turntable structure 51.

[0142] Along the work path C, the assembly apparatus 300 comprises some work stations that perform some respective operations on the coil B: in some embodiments described herein these operations are a step of flattening the ends of the coil B, a step of inserting and applying a respective end plate T, to one or both ends of each coil B, a first step of checking the positioning of the end plate T, a step of attaching the end plate T, a second step of checking and a step of picking up the coils B from the turntable structure 51.

[0143] The above steps are performed by a flattening station 70, an application station 80, a first checking station 90, an attaching station 120, a second checking station 130 and finally a picking station 140, arranged at said picking position P5.

[0144] In the following, the assembly apparatus 300 will be frequently described with reference to a side thereof, considering that, in some embodiments, the stations are present symmetrically, unless otherwise described, on both sides of the crown 53 on which the coils B are transported, so as to intervene on both ends of each coil B. It is understood that the stations can be offset or, in other embodiments, they could be present only on one side of the turntable structure 51.

[0145] In the present embodiment example, the flattening station 70 comprises a movable frame 71, actuated by an actuator synchronised with the movement 71 of the turntable structure 51; the movable frame comprises a certain number of pressers 72, four in the present example, distanced from each other and positioned at the work path C, in such a way as to be, when the coils B are stationary, on the vertical of their respective axis of symmetry or winding. In this configuration, the movable frame 71 is lowered by pushing the pressers 72 against the ends of the coils B, flattening them.

[0146] This operation is necessary in particular if the conductor tapes N1 and N3 are conformed with notched tabs that need to be pressed against each other to ensure the necessary electrical contact between the tapes.

[0147] It is understood that, in the example described herein, each coil end will be pressed a number of times equal to the number of pressers; this number may be chosen based on the technological needs of the manufacture of the batteries.

[0148] Upon exiting the flattening station 70, the coils B have the ends ready for applying an end plate T in the application station 80, positioned in succession.

[0149] In some embodiments, the plate T is disc-shaped, with a circular edge and a central hole, and a plurality of notches and / or incisions, arranged to increase the adhesion of the plate T to the end of the target coil B.

[0150] This can result, on the end plate T, in the presence of full and solid parts, on surfaces on both sides of the plate, and of hollow parts, which correspond to said notches and / or incisions.

[0151] In some embodiments, such plates are intended to operate as electrodes in batteries, and for this reason they must adhere to the edges of the conductor tapes Nl, N3, i.e. to their engraved and flattened edges. In this case, they are made at least in part of a conductive material, for example in a suitably sheared and punched metal foil, so as to have an appropriate shape.

[0152] In other embodiments, the plates may constitute a cover, a seal, a cap, a closure element, and so on. In some embodiments, the plates T have an adhesion surface, intended to be adhered and connected to the target end of the coil B, and an outer surface, intended to be visible.

[0153] It is however understood that such adhesion surfaces are provided only on the solid parts of the end plate.

[0154] One of the possible manners of attaching the plate will be described below; in general, this attaching can take place, by way of example, by gluing, by mechanical deformation, by means of special clamps, by soldering or still in other ways.

[0155] The application station 80 comprises, for each side, a linear guide 81, formed by two guide elements 82 each having a groove 83 (enlargement M in figure 4), positioned in such a way that the grooves are facing each other; the edges of the plates T are inserted into the grooves 83; the plates are thus pushed along the guide 81 so that they can slide, possibly rolling on the guide 81.

[0156] The two linear guides 81 constitute a store 93 for dispensing end plates T, from which the plates T are individually extracted to be applied to a target coil end. "Extraction" of an end plate T is intended to mean the step of picking up a single plate from the set of plates contained in the store 93 to send it, along a predefined path, to an application area of the plate in proximity to the target end. By performing this step, the plates remaining in the store 93 will be able to adapt their position therein to allow the subsequent plate to be dispensed.

[0157] Each linear guide 81 has an outlet end, at which an extractor device 84 is arranged, which extracts a single plate T from each guide 81.

[0158] Therefore, with reference to the example depicted in the figures, the position of the notches and incisions, made in the end plate T, at the outlet end, is not predictable.

[0159] For each guide 81, the extractor device 84 comprises an extractor wheel 85 that is rotated at a pitch; the wheel 85 provides, at its edge, curved indentations 86, shaped to co-operate with the circular edge of the plate T at the outlet end. The two extractor wheels 85 are connected by an intermediate shaft 87 which is rotated, about an extraction axis D, synchronously with the rotation of the turntable structure 51.

[0160] In some preferred embodiments, the extractor device 84 comprises two extractor wheels 85, as well as two linear guides 81, because in this way it is possible to extract an end plate T for one of the two ends of a target coil, and another one, from the other guide 81, for the target end of the same coil B. It is however understood that, if the application of a single plate per coil were required, the extractor device would comprise a plate store with a single linear guide and a single extractor wheel.

[0161] At each indentation 86 (figure 4), there is provided an extraction slot 88, provided for capturing the lower edge of the end plate T; at its ends, the slot provides a stop pin 89: in this way, the end plate T is captured in a predefined position, comprised between the stop pins 89 and the extraction slot 88.

[0162] The application station 80 comprises, at said extractor device 84, a positioning device 160 that picks up a single end plate T, just extracted from its store 93, and transfers it from the extractor device 84 to the turntable structure 51 of the assembly apparatus 300.

[0163] In some embodiments, the positioning device 160 comprises a rotatable actuator 161 of substantially cylindrical shape, rotatably controlled around an auxiliary axis of rotation E, parallel to the main axis of rotation A of the turntable structure 51.

[0164] In addition, the rotatable actuator 161 is arranged in an intermediate position between the extractor device 84 and the work path C run by the coils B, i.e. by the respective target ends of the plates T.

[0165] It will be noted that, in this embodiment, by effect of the aforementioned first jaws 55, which keep the coils B in a well-defined position with respect to the turntable structure 51 while it rotates, the opposite ends of a coil move defining two respective planes, parallel to each other, which can be identified as the application planes of the end plates T.

[0166] The rotatable actuator 161 thus comprises two opposing end surfaces 162, each corresponding to one of the application planes.

[0167] In some preferred embodiments, one or more transfer pliers 163 protrude from one or each of such end surfaces 162. In the present embodiment example, the pliers 163 protrude from both end surfaces 162; according to a preferred embodiment they protrude radially, i.e. so as to remain perpendicular to the auxiliary axis of rotation E during the rotation of the rotatable actuator 161.

[0168] It is understood that, in other embodiments not described, the single rotatable actuator may be replaced by two independent rotatable actuators, each acting on one side of the turntable structure 51. Similarly, the application station 80 could have two linear guides independent of each other, with respective extractor devices, each driven independently of the other.

[0169] In some preferred embodiments, the transfer pliers 163 are at least two for each end surface. The pliers 163 protruding from an end surface 162 are intended to pick up and transfer end plates T, sending them to one of the two application planes run by one of the ends of the coils B, while the pliers 163, possibly protruding from the other end surface 162, are intended for the application plane opposite to the previous one, in a substantially symmetrical manner.

[0170] In the present embodiment example, and with reference to the figures, four transfer pliers 163, distanced by an angle of 90° from each other, protrude radially from each end surface 162.

[0171] In some preferred embodiments, each transfer plier 163 comprises, with reference to figure 3A, a pair of plier arms 164 extending substantially rectilinear from a proximal end, having a hinged fulcrum 165, and a distal end having a grabbing element 166 configured to co-operate with the grabbing element of the other plier arm 164.

[0172] The grabbing element 166 comprises a contact surface 167 which may be flat, possibly with a non-stick coating so as not to interfere with a possible adhesive layer applied on one of the surfaces of the end plates T, or it may have a complementary shape to adapt to the target surface, to improve grabbing and to keep the plate in a predefined position during the transfer path.

[0173] At the fulcrum 165, each arm 164 rotates, in opposite directions, lying on parallel planes, and in this regard the two arms 164 are staggered with respect to each other; the two fulcrums 165 of the plier 163 have a common axis of oscillation H that is perpendicular to the auxiliary axis of rotation of the rotatable actuator 161.

[0174] The rotatable actuator 161 contains inside all the operating devices for synchronously opening and clamping the transfer pliers 163.

[0175] During the rotation of the rotatable actuator 161, the plier 163 assumes different configurations: in a first grabbing configuration SI the gripping elements 166 are clamped on an end plate T just extracted from its linear guide 81 by the extraction wheel 85; subsequently, a second clamped configuration S2 is provided wherein the transfer plate T describes a curved path from its extraction until it is positioned at the target coil end; in the latter position, the plier 163 assumes a release configuration S3; then the plier 163 remains in an open configuration S4 wherein the gripping elements 166 are sufficiently distanced so as not to interfere with the linear guide 81 (figure 3).

[0176] In some preferred embodiments, when the end plate T is brought into the position in proximity to the target end of the coil B, it is grabbed by a respective second jaw 50 of the turntable structure 51, integral therewith.

[0177] In this regard, the turntable structure 51 provides a plurality of second jaws 50, positioned in pairs at each pair of first jaws 55: each pair provides a second jaw 50 on one face of the crown 53 and another second jaw 50 on the opposite face, so that each second jaw 50 can co-operate with a respective transfer plier 163 of the application station 80 to apply an end plate T on the target end of a coil B.

[0178] It is understood that, if only one plate T per coil were to be applied, a second jaw 50 would be provided for each pair of first jaws 55.

[0179] Each second jaw 50 extends radially with respect to the turntable structure, and is formed by a pair of branches 61, each interlocked with a respective second actuator shaft 62 in the crown 53, so that the branches 61 can be moved away from or towards each other.

[0180] The branches 61 have a substantially rectilinear extension and they have at the respective distal end, a gripping head 63 adapted to co-operate with an edge portion of the end plate T. Both the branches 61 and the respective gripping heads 63 have a flattened shape, with a thickness slightly greater than that of the end plates T: each gripping head 63 has a cavity 64 having a radius of curvature not less than that of the end plate T, or in any case of a shape such as to couple with the profile of the border of the end plate T; the cavity 64 faces the space comprised between the gripping heads 63 of the second jaw 50; the facing cavities 64 are arranged to capture the end plate T by contact with shape coupling with the border of the end plate T, so as to leave the central part of the plate T, i.e. almost the entirety of its outer surface, clear.

[0181] The branches 61 are substantially coplanar and their heads 63 therefore define a gripping plane on which they move to grasp the end plate T.

[0182] It will be noted that, in some preferred embodiments, the second jaws 50 are integral with the movement of the first jaws 55 and therefore of the coils B along the work path C; in the sections of the work path C in which the end plate T is not positioned in proximity to the target end of the coil B, the second jaw 50 assumes an open configuration, wherein the branches 62 are spread apart at the maximum angle, and the gripping heads 63 are located in proximity to said target end, one on one side and the other at the other side, leaving an intermediate space wider than said target end free (figure 6A).

[0183] When the transfer plier 163 places the end plate T in the space comprised between the gripping heads 63 of the second jaw 50 (figure 6B), the gripping elements 166 of the plier 163 adhere to and occupy the central part of the plate T, because they are centred with respect thereto, in such a way as to leave the border of the plate T free; it can therefore be captured by the second jaw 50 which is clamped on this border (figures 6C).

[0184] In some preferred embodiments, said cavity comprises a slot 65 extending on the thickness of the gripping head 63 for the entire length of the cavity 64; the transverse width of the slot 65 is such that the border of the end plate T, when the second jaw is clamped, penetrates the slot 65.

[0185] In this way, when the transfer plier 163 is opened (figure 6C), and its gripping elements 166 are distanced from each other, the end plate T remains trapped between the gripping heads 63 of the branches 62 of the second jaw 50, and each movement, whether of lateral or perpendicular translation, or of rotation is prevented, and the plate T remains locked in a position at said gripping plane on which it lies, even when the subsequent rotation of the turntable structure 51 of the assembly apparatus displaces it laterally moving away from the application station 80.

[0186] In these steps of capturing and locking the end plate T, the gripping heads 63 are positioned at a predetermined distance from the target end of the coil B and, when locking is completed, the end plate is also located at that distance, on said gripping plane.

[0187] After the turntable structure 51 has performed a subsequent rotation, in this example by one step, the end plate T is brought closer to its target end and is adhered thereto.

[0188] In this regard, each second jaw 50 has, at its second actuator shaft 62, a displacement device which, by acting on said shaft 62, induces the translation of the entire second jaw 50 according to a direction G (figure 6C) facing the target end of the coil B, which in this example coincides with the axis A of the turntable structure 51, so as to cause the approach and adhesion of the plate T to said end, displacing the gripping plane of the second jaw 50 (figures 3, 4, 5 and 6C, box F). Once this displaced configuration has been assumed, the second jaw 50 and the end plate T continue their motion with the rotation of the turntable structure 51, towards the subsequent first checking station 90.

[0189] In some preferred embodiments, the first checking station 90 comprises, on both sides of the turntable structure 51, a first image detection device 91, which in turn comprises a lens 92 facing in the direction of a predetermined position of the turntable structure 51 in which it frames, in axis, the end of a coil B, retained by the first jaws 55, and a respective end plate T, retained by a corresponding second jaw 50 and adhered by it to the target end of the coil B. In this way, in the same station 90, both plates T are checked on the opposite ends of a single coil B.

[0190] The two first image detection devices 91 are connected, through a respective first communication line 95, to the control unit 150 of the assembly apparatus 300. They send information to the control unit 150 on the end plate T in the position identified by a light beam L illuminating the plate T in its control position.

[0191] This information may concern, by way of example, the presence of the end plate T, the correctness of its position which may be affected by any undesired rotations or inclinations, its possible deformation and so on.

[0192] In particular, the solid parts and the hollow parts of the extraction plate, whose position is random, can be recognized given their movement in the store 93, remembering that the solid parts correspond to the adhesion surfaces of the end plate T.

[0193] Here, any recognition or counting codes printed on the outer surface of the plate T can also be read. If the information collected reveals defects, the coil B can then be easily identified and discarded in a subsequent step, or possibly the first jaws 55 that retain it can be released, thus causing it to fall into a collection container placed on the vertical of the first checking station 90.

[0194] Once this check has been performed, the rotation of the turntable structure 51 continues towards the subsequent attaching station 120, which realizes an example of apparatus for attaching end plates according to the present invention.

[0195] In some preferred embodiments, the attaching station 120 comprises, on both sides of the turntable structure 51, a respective attaching device 121 which is configured to induce a connection, which preferably will be permanent and stable, between the end plate T and its target end of the coil B on which the plate T is adhered, with a predetermined pressure, by the respective second jaw 50.

[0196] However, it is understood that the attaching station 120 could also have a single attaching device, as long as it operates on both sides of the work path C, on opposite target ends.

[0197] In some preferred embodiments, the attaching device 121 co-operates with the aforementioned possible adhesive layer spread on the adhesion surface of the plate T. Preferably, the adhesive layer is of the thermally activated type, and requires to be heated to cause said permanent connection. Therefore, in some preferred embodiments, the attaching device 121 performs localised heating of the end plate T, which is formed of a heat-conducting material, through the emission, by an emission head 122, of a beam W of electromagnetic waves.

[0198] Preferably, the attaching device 121 is of the type emitting a laser beam and, in this regard, it is fed by a respective waveguide 123 that is connected to a focusing body 124, while the emission head 122 may comprise a shutter to activate or deactivate the emission of the beam W.

[0199] Although not exclusively, in the particular case of the laser attaching device, according to a variant, a single laser source can be provided, with a beam that is split by a suitable system of mirrors, and the deriving beams can be directed so as to impinge on end plates positioned at different positions of the work path.

[0200] Advantageously, the above-described adhesion operations, or possibly others, thanks to the precise identification of the position of the solid parts of the end plate T, and therefore of its adhesion surfaces, can only be performed on these parts, thus avoiding the application of heat on uncovered parts of the target end and therefore of the coil B, which could damage it.

[0201] However, it is understood that the attaching device 121 may be of a different nature. By way of example only, it may comprise a presser element, equipment for the mechanical connection of the plate T, a pressure transducer for the transmission of ultrasonic frequencies and so on. The choice of the type of attaching device 120 will depend on the nature of the adhesive layer (if any) and / or the shape or function of the end plate T.

[0202] In some preferred embodiments, in the assembly apparatus 300, i.e. in its attaching station 120, the attaching devices 121 operating on opposite sides of the work path C are positioned on opposite sides of the work path C and, in this particular case, they can be offset from each other (figures 1 and 7), so as to act simultaneously and directly on different coils B, and to act on the same coil B in different and subsequent rotation steps of the turntable structure 51. In this way, both the coil B and the turntable structure are subjected to stresses limited to a single attachment, without the assembly apparatus 300 losing efficiency.

[0203] In addition to the attaching step, in the position of the attaching station 120 any codes or indices can also be printed on the outer surface of the end plate T on which the station operates with a laser or inkjet printing system.

[0204] Once the attaching step has been performed, the rotation of the turntable structure 51 continues towards a release position R of the second jaws 50, which assume an open configuration, freeing the respective end plates from interference thereof (figures 2 and 7). In this position, or in a subsequent one, the second jaws 50 are also returned to a position distanced from the end of the coil B, which distanced position will be maintained until the subsequent grabbing of another end plate T.

[0205] After the release position R, the rotation of the turntable structure 51 continues towards the subsequent second checking station 130 which is equipped, like the first checking station 90, with a pair of second image detection devices 131 facing towards a respective coil end B on the opposite sides of the turntable structure (figures 1 and 2).

[0206] Each second image detection device 131 is connected, by means of a respective second communication line 135, to said control unit 150. In this way, they send information to the control unit 150 on the end plate T in a further control position that is subsequent to the attaching operation.

[0207] Therefore, this information may concern, by way of example, the presence of the end plate T after it has been released in the release position R, the correctness of its position which may be affected by any undesired rotations or inclinations, its possible deformation and so on. Here, any codes or indices printed in the attaching station 120 on the outer surface of the plate T can also be read. If the information collected reveals defects, the coil B can then be easily identified and discarded at a subsequent step.

[0208] Once this second check has been performed, the rotation of the turntable structure 51 continues towards the subsequent picking station 140, arranged at said picking position P5 which substantially concludes the work path C.

[0209] Considering what has been described above, a method for attaching an end plate T to a coil B comprises the steps of:

[0210] • transporting, with a ratcheted motion, a plurality of coils B, along a work path C, with the respective target ends of the end plates T facing in opposite directions;

[0211] • inducing a permanent and stable connection between the end plate T and its target end to which the end plate T is adhered, on one side of said work path in a first predefined position, and a second attaching step; and

[0212] • inducing a permanent and stable connection between the end plate T and its target end on which the end plate T is adhered, and positioned on the opposite side of said work path C, in a second predefined position, which is different from said first position, i.e. offset on the work path C.

[0213] Each attaching step is preceded by a step of recognising the position of each end plate T, which in turn provides for identifying the solid parts of the end plate T.

[0214] The picking station 140 comprises a picking wheel 141, thus arranged in proximity to the turntable structure 51, which in turn comprises a third rotating drum 142 which causes the rotation of a plurality of third jaws 143, mounted on fixed pins 144 radially oriented and protruding from said third drum 142.

[0215] The fixed pins comprise a shaft that induces the spreading apart of picking branches 145 of the third jaws 143, with an angular opening such that they, with the rotation of the picking wheel, are inserted on opposite sides of a coil B dragged at a pitch in rotation on the turntable structure 51.

[0216] Each third jaw 143 has two pairs of picking branches 145 distanced from each other, co-operating so as to grab the coil B without interfering with the branches of the first and second jaws 55, 50. In particular, in the picking position P5, the coil is for an instant retained by both the first jaws 55 and a third jaw 145; the first jaws 55 open releasing the coil B which is then retained and dragged away by the rotation of the picking wheel 141.

[0217] In proximity to the picking station 140 there is provided a transport device 170 of the linear type, with a belt conveyor 171 provided with a plurality of transport seats 172, and a pair of transport wheels 173.

[0218] The picking wheel 141, once a coil B has been picked up, continues with the collection of coils in its rotation, and the third jaws arrive in proximity to said transport device 170 where, after opening the branches of the third jaws 143, the coils B are released into the seats 172 of the belt conveyor 171 in an ordered sequence that corresponds to that with which they were produced and processed in the entire manufacturing apparatus 100, from which they exit.

[0219] In order to satisfy further and contingent needs, a person skilled in the art may make numerous further modifications and variations to the above described attaching apparatus, all of which are included in the scope of protection of the present invention, as defined by the attached claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1. Apparatus for attaching end plates (T) to an internal assembly of an electrochemical cell, wherein a plurality of said internal assemblies are transported on a work path (C), each having respective opposite target ends of end plates (T), the apparatus comprising distinct first and second attaching device (121), positioned on opposite sides of said work path (C), each operating on one side of said work path (C), both configured to induce a permanent and stable connection between an end plate (T) and the respective target end to which each end plate (T) is adhered, wherein said first and second attaching device (121) are positioned offset from each other along said work path (C) to act on the same internal assembly at different positions in the work path (C).

2. Apparatus for attaching end plates (T) according to claim 1, wherein the end plates (T) are adhered, when the attaching devices (121) are activated, to the respective target end with a predetermined pressure, by a respective jaw (50) holding the end plate (T) in a predefined position.

3. Apparatus for attaching end plates (T) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the attaching devices (121) perform localised heating of the end plate (T).

4. Apparatus for attaching end plates (T) according to claim 3, wherein said localised heating is performed only on solid parts of the respective end plate (T), to which adhesion surfaces correspond.

5. Apparatus for attaching end plates (T) according to claim 4, wherein said adhesion surfaces are provided with an adhesive layer of the thermally activated type.

6. Apparatus for attaching end plates (T) to a coil (B) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the attaching devices (121) are of the type emitting a laser beam (W), supplied by a respective waveguide (123) which is connected to a focusing body (124).

7. Apparatus for attaching end plates (T) according to claim 6, wherein said laser beam (W) is directed onto said solid parts, after their position has been identified by at least one image detection device, which provides the image of the end plate T to a control unit (150), which in turn adjusts the orientation of the laser beam (W).

8. Method for attaching end plates (T) to an internal assembly of an electrochemical cell, wherein a plurality of internal assemblies are transported on a work path (C) with respective target ends of the end plates (T) facing in opposite directions, wherein a first attaching step is provided, to induce a permanent and stable connection between the end plate (T) and its target end on which the end plate (T) is adhered, and positioned on one side of said work path (C) in a first predefined position, and a second attaching step, to induce a permanent and stable connection between the end plate (T) and its target end on which the end plate (T) is adhered, and positioned on the opposite side of said work path (C), in a second predefined position different from said first position.

9. Method for attaching end plates (T) according to claim 8, wherein each attaching step is preceded by a step of recognising the position of each end plate (T).

10. Method for attaching end plates (T) according to claim 9, wherein said recognition step provides for identifying the solid parts of the end plate (T).

11. Method for attaching end plates (T) according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein said permanent and stable connection between the end plate (T) and its target end on which the end plate (T) is adhered is induced by at least one laser beam (W), so as to achieve thermal activation of said connection.

12. Method for attaching end plates (T) according to claim 11, wherein said plurality of internal assemblies is transported on a work path (C) with a ratcheted motion.

13. Method for attaching end plates (T) according to claims 10 and 11, wherein said at least one laser beam (W) is directed onto said solid parts.

14. Apparatus for assembling (300) internal assemblies of respective electrochemical cells, comprising an apparatus for attaching an end plate (T) according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

15. Apparatus for assembling (300) internal assemblies of respective electrochemical cells, comprising an apparatus for attaching an end plate (T) performing a method of attaching an end plate (T) to an internal assembly according to any one of claims 9 to 13.

16. Apparatus for manufacturing (100) coil articles, in particular batteries, comprising an assembly apparatus (300) of internal assemblies according to claim 14 or 15.

17. Apparatus for manufacturing (100) coil articles, in particular batteries, according to claim 16, further comprising an apparatus for making coils (200) by winding a plurality of tapes, and an intermediate transfer device (400) supplying said assembly apparatus (300).

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