Flying body takeoff / landing zone using non-magnetic material, and concrete floor slab using non-magnetic material for flying body takeoff / landing zone

Abstract

[Problem] To provide: a takeoff / landing zone for a flying body such as a vertical takeoff / landing aircraft or a drone, the takeoff / landing zone being installed on the uppermost floor of a building or a ground surface and not affecting the functions of magnetic sensors of the flying body; and a concrete floor slab using a non-magnetic material for a flying body takeoff / landing zone. [Solution] Provided is a takeoff and landing field of a flying body installed on an uppermost floor of a building or a ground surface, wherein: a non-magnetic material is used for the floor surface of the uppermost floor of the building; the non-magnetic material is used only on the floor surface of a portion to be used for taking off and landing of the flying body; and the uppermost floor is raised from the other portion. Also provided is a precast concrete floor slab for a takeoff and landing field of a flying body, wherein a non-magnetic material is used as a reinforcing material or a tendon.

Description

Aircraft takeoff and landing field using non-magnetic materials, concrete floor slab using non-magnetic materials for aircraft takeoff and landing field

[0001] The present invention relates to an airfield for an aircraft using a non-magnetic material, and to a concrete floor slab for an airfield for an aircraft using a non-magnetic material.

[0002] Note that the term "aircraft" here refers primarily to vertical take-off and landing aircraft and drones, but does not exclude helicopters.

[0003] In recent years, demand for vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL) has been expanding. VTOLs are aircraft (flying vehicles) that take off and land vertically without any runway. Manned VTOLs are approaching practical use as "flying taxis," while unmanned drones are beginning to be widely used for delivering goods.

[0004] In addition to dedicated landing and takeoff sites, it is also expected that rooftops of buildings and ground-based landing and takeoff sites will be used for these vertical takeoff and landing aircraft, drones, and other flying objects.

[0005] In this specification, the term "takeoff and landing field" refers to an area within an airport or other airfield set aside for takeoff or landing as defined by the Aviation Act, including "landing strips," "runways," and "off-airport takeoff and landing fields (temporary helicopter takeoff and landing fields based on the proviso to Article 79 of the Aviation Act, where landing requires the landowner's consent and the submission of an "off-airport takeoff and landing permission application" to the Civil Aviation Bureau and approval is obtained)." It also refers to "emergency takeoff and landing fields (areas set aside for takeoff and landing)" and "emergency rescue spaces (areas on the rooftops of buildings where emergency helicopters can hover, etc.)" as defined by the Fire Service Act. Furthermore, it refers to areas used for takeoff and landing for vertical takeoff and landing aircraft and drones, for which legislation has been promoted in recent years, such as FATO (Final Approach and Take-Off area), TLOF (Touchdown and Lift-Off area), and drone ports.

[0006] By the way, these aircraft are equipped with magnetic sensors (compasses), and drones in particular often require a process called compass calibration before their first flight to let the aircraft know which direction north is. If this compass calibration is out of sync, the aircraft will be unable to fly.

[0007] Therefore, it is desirable that the takeoff and landing sites for these aircraft do not affect the function of the magnetic sensors, but the floors of concrete takeoff and landing sites use steel bars as reinforcing material, and if ordinary steel bars are used, they will become magnetized by the magnets used to transport them during the manufacturing process, which could potentially affect the magnetic sensors.

[0008] The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has pointed out that a compass deviation of 2 degrees can cause serious problems for flight. It has been stated that the magnetic force required to deviate a compass by 2 degrees is approximately 0.005 G (gauss), and magnetic forces greater than this value have often been measured when magnetic rebar is used in concrete floor slabs.

[0009] Therefore, in order to use the rooftops of buildings or ground landing sites as landing sites for aircraft, this problem must be solved.

[0010] Patent Document 1 discloses a crane operation system in which a station made of a non-magnetic material is provided around the crane for the aircraft to take off and land, and the aircraft flies around the crane to provide work support.

[0011] However, such a configuration requires the installation of a separate station made of a non-magnetic material, which incurs additional costs, complicates operation, and limits the number of takeoffs and landings.

[0012] Furthermore, Patent Document 2 discloses an invention of non-magnetic reinforcing steel bars, and the technical idea is that they can be used as concrete reinforcing bars in linear motor car roadbeds, nuclear fusion experimental facilities, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging rooms, etc. However, this application is completely different from that of the present invention, and even when used in buildings, their application is to be non-magnetic for purposes within the building, and there is no mention or suggestion whatsoever of using the top floor (roof) of a building as a takeoff and landing site for aircraft, as in the present invention.

[0013] JP 2023-147852 JP JP 3-13544

[0014] The problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a landing site that does not affect the function of magnetic sensors in aircraft such as vertical take-off and landing aircraft and drones, and to provide a concrete floor slab using non-magnetic materials for use at landing sites for aircraft.

[0015] The takeoff and landing site for an aircraft using a non-magnetic material according to a first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the non-magnetic material is used on the floor surface of the top floor of a building.

[0016] Here, "using a non-magnetic material on the floor surface" includes not only the use of non-magnetic steel bars or welded wire mesh in the reinforced concrete floor slabs that form the floor surface, but also the use of non-magnetic materials such as aluminum.

[0017] The reason for limiting it to "the top floor of the building" is that it is expected to be used as a takeoff and landing site for aircraft in the future.

[0018] Here, there are many other non-magnetic materials that can be used as reinforcing materials for reinforced concrete floor slabs in addition to those described in Patent Document 2, and it is desirable to select an appropriate one taking into consideration its performance and price.

[0019] The "top floor" is usually the rooftop, but if the floor is raised further, the raised part may also be the top floor. Also, the "floor surface" may include parts that can be considered part of the floor, such as parapets.

[0020] In this way, the entire or part of the floor surface of the top floor can be made non-magnetic, and if almost the entire surface is made non-magnetic, there is the freedom to locate the takeoff and landing field function anywhere on the top floor.

[0021] Next, a second aspect of the present invention may be a takeoff and landing site for an aircraft using the non-magnetic material of the first aspect, characterized in that the non-magnetic material is used only on the floor surface of the portion used for takeoff and landing of the aircraft.

[0022] In this way, the non-magnetic floor of the top floor can function as a landing area at a lower cost than if the entire area were non-magnetic.

[0023] Next, a third aspect of the present invention may be a takeoff and landing site for an aircraft using the non-magnetic material of the first aspect, characterized in that the top floor is elevated higher than other parts.

[0024] In other words, the takeoff and landing area is formed in an area elevated above the normal rooftop, and only that area is made non-magnetic, which has the advantages of ensuring the independence of the takeoff and landing area and low cost of demagnetization.

[0025] Next, a fourth aspect of the present invention is a takeoff and landing site for an aircraft using the non-magnetic material of the first or second aspect, characterized in that a non-magnetic material is used for the reinforced concrete floor slab provided on the top floor.

[0026] That is, the reinforcing bars (including welded wire mesh) contained in the retaining concrete and / or slab concrete installed on the top floor (roof) of a typical building are made non-magnetic.

[0027] Next, a fifth aspect of the present invention is a takeoff and landing site for an aircraft using the non-magnetic material of any of the first to third aspects, characterized in that a non-magnetic material is used for the deck concrete floor slab provided on the top floor.

[0028] Here, a "deck concrete slab" refers to a reinforced concrete slab formed on top of a deck plate, in which the steel bars (including welded wire mesh) contained within the deck plate and / or concrete slab are made of non-magnetic material, and is suitable for installation on the roof of a building composed of beams and frames, such as a self-propelled multi-story parking garage.

[0029] Such a concrete deck slab may also be used for an airfield elevated above the normal roof of a building.

[0030] Next, a sixth aspect of the present invention may be a takeoff and landing site for an aircraft using the non-magnetic material of the third aspect, characterized in that an aluminum deck material is used for the takeoff and landing site provided in the raised portion.

[0031] Here, since aluminum deck material is a non-magnetic material, it can achieve the effect of not affecting the function of the magnetic sensor of the aircraft of the present invention, and it is also possible to enjoy the advantages of aluminum deck material, such as light weight and rust resistance.

[0032] Next, a seventh aspect of the present invention is a landing pad for an aircraft using the non-magnetic material of the third aspect, characterized in that a precast concrete floor slab containing non-magnetic reinforcing bars is used on the floor of the landing pad provided in the raised portion.

[0033] Here, "precast concrete slab" refers to a precast concrete slab and / or a precast prestressed concrete slab, which is a concrete slab that is prefabricated in a factory or other facility for assembly and installation at the construction site. Concrete structures are strong and highly stable, so they are frequently used in construction. However, rather than setting up formwork and pouring concrete at the construction site, fabricating concrete slabs in a dedicated factory and transporting them to the site for installation has the advantage of enabling large-scale construction in a short period of time.

[0034] The reinforcing bars (including steel wire, twisted wire, and wire mesh) contained within this precast concrete deck are made of non-magnetic material, which not only provides the effect of not affecting the function of the magnetic sensor of the aircraft of the present invention, but also allows for the benefits of precasting, such as shortened construction time.

[0035] Next, an eighth aspect of the present invention may be a takeoff and landing site for an aircraft using the non-magnetic material of any one of the first to third aspects, characterized in that the building is a multi-story parking lot.

[0036] Even now, there are many parking lots available, and if they could be used as landing and takeoff sites, the number of landing and takeoff sites could be increased quickly, and it would also be convenient for users to transfer from their cars to aircraft.

[0037] The parking lot is preferably the top floor (rooftop) of a self-propelled multi-story parking garage with two or more floors above ground, or may be a multi-story parking garage with multiple underground floors.

[0038] Next, a takeoff and landing site for an aircraft using a non-magnetic material according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the takeoff and landing site is provided on the ground surface.

[0039] In other words, it is not a landing pad installed on the roof of a building, but a landing pad installed on the ground.In such cases, a non-magnetic landing pad can be realized using the construction methods described in each of the previous embodiments, and the effects will be the same.

[0040] In addition, the ground surface may refer to a place with no difference in level with the ground, or may have a slight difference in level, either positive or negative. It also includes areas that can be considered the same as the ground surface, such as water or ice, other than land, on which takeoff and landing sites are formed.

[0041] Next, a tenth aspect of the present invention is a precast concrete deck for an air vehicle takeoff and landing site, characterized in that a non-magnetic material is used as a reinforcing material or a tendon.

[0042] In this way, the takeoff and landing site for aircraft using the non-magnetic material described above can be constructed using factory-produced precast concrete slabs (sometimes abbreviated as PCa concrete slabs), and the advantages and effects of this can be enjoyed. Note that it is preferable to use non-magnetic materials as reinforcing materials in precast concrete slabs.

[0043] Precast prestressed concrete slabs (sometimes abbreviated as precast PC slabs) also fall under the category of precast concrete slabs, which apply compressive stress to concrete in a planned manner in order to counteract the tensile stress that occurs in the concrete due to load. In this case, it is preferable to use a non-magnetic material as the tension material.

[0044] In this way, a non-magnetic landing and takeoff site for aircraft can be easily formed by simply assembling factory-produced non-magnetic precast concrete decks (including precast prestressed concrete decks) on site, which is extremely advantageous in terms of cost and construction time.

[0045] Suitable non-magnetic materials include high manganese steel, austenitic stainless steel, aramid fiber, glass fiber, and engineering plastics.

[0046] Suitable reinforcing materials for precast concrete decks include reinforcing bars, welded wire mesh, steel fiber, and fiber reinforcement materials other than steel. Suitable materials for tensioning precast prestressed concrete decks include non-magnetic reinforcing bars, non-magnetic wire, and non-magnetic bolts.

[0047] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a takeoff and landing site on the top floor of a building or on the ground that does not affect the function of magnetic sensors of flying objects such as vertical takeoff and landing aircraft and drones, and this is expected to have a significant effect on the further spread of these flying objects.

[0048] Furthermore, precast concrete decks (including precast prestressed concrete decks) using non-magnetic materials for airfields can be sold commercially and are expected to be widely distributed.

[0049] In particular, by using existing or newly constructed multi-story parking lots, the number of takeoff and landing sites for aircraft can be increased quickly.

[0050] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an airfield for an aircraft according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a main part of the airfield for the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a main part of the airfield for the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a main part of the airfield for the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a main part of the airfield for the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an airfield for an aircraft according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a main part of the airfield for the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a main part of the airfield for the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an airfield for a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a concrete deck slab for a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] The takeoff and landing site of an aircraft using a non-magnetic material according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the scope necessary for the explanation to achieve the object of the present invention will be shown schematically below, and the scope necessary for explaining the relevant parts of the present invention will be mainly explained, and the parts that are omitted from the explanation will be based on publicly known techniques.

[0052] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a takeoff and landing site for an aircraft using a non-magnetic material according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which structures such as pillars are omitted and only floors are shown.

[0053] As an example of a building, a self-driving multi-story parking garage 10 will be described. The parking garage 10 shown in the figure functions as a three-story parking garage, and is provided with a ramp 20 for vehicles to drive in and park. The self-driving route (entry or exit) is indicated by an arrow in the figure.

[0054] The floors 11, 12, and 13 of the first to third floors, excluding the top floor, are made of ordinary reinforced concrete, and no non-magnetic material is used.

[0055] 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the top floor of the airfield according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and the top floor 14, in its completed state, has a structure in which non-magnetic reinforcing bars 142 are embedded in a concrete floor slab 141. The reinforced concrete floor slab 143 thus formed is fixed onto beams 15 which are part of the structure of the building.

[0056] 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the floor of the top floor of the airstrip of the first embodiment of the present invention, in which the floor 14 of the top floor is formed by laying a waterproof layer 151 on the roof slab 150 of the building body, laying reinforcing bars 144 (welded wire mesh in this case) on top of that, setting up formwork (not shown), and pouring concrete 145 to form a concrete floor slab that serves as the airstrip. It is preferable to provide expansion joints 146 between the areas where the concrete 145 is poured.

[0057] Here, the object of the present invention can be achieved by using a non-magnetic material for the reinforcing bars 144 (in this case, welded wire mesh). To further enhance the effect, it is desirable that the reinforcing bars 152 contained within the roof slab 150 are also made of a non-magnetic material.

[0058] Next, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing yet another example of the floor of the top floor of the airstrip of the first embodiment of the present invention. The floor 14 of the top floor is constructed by laying reinforcing bars 144 (welded wire mesh in this case) on a deck plate 147 fixed on beams 15, which are part of the structure of the main body of the building, and then providing formwork (not shown) and pouring concrete 145 to form a concrete floor slab that serves as the airstrip.

[0059] It is preferable to apply waterproofing treatment (body waterproofing or applied waterproofing) to the surface of the concrete slab to enable long-term use.

[0060] Here, as in the previous example, the object of the present invention can be achieved by using a non-magnetic material for the reinforcing bars 144 (welded wire mesh in this case).

[0061] The top floor 14 has a configuration as shown in any one of Figures 2 to 4, and is provided with two takeoff and landing areas 17a, 17b and six parking areas 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, 18e, and 18f. All of the floors have non-magnetic surfaces, so parking, taxiing, and other operations are not affected by magnetism, allowing for safe operation.

[0062] In addition to parking areas, there may also be provided areas for supplying energy to aircraft (charging, refueling), repair workshops for aircraft, etc.

[0063] The areas shown enclosed in frames between the first and third floors are vehicle parking spaces 21, which are set up on floors other than the top floor, but depending on the situation, a small number of vehicle parking spaces may also be set up on the top floor.

[0064] In addition, an elevator tower 19 for transporting people and luggage is provided at one corner of the building (multi-story parking lot) to facilitate the movement of passengers and others.

[0065] Next, a description will be given of a takeoff and landing site for an aircraft according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a takeoff and landing site for an aircraft using a non-magnetic material according to the second embodiment of the present invention, in which structures such as pillars are omitted and only floors are shown.

[0066] The floors 11, 12, and 13 of the first to third floors, excluding the top floor, are made of ordinary reinforced concrete, and no non-magnetic material is used.

[0067] The top floor 14 has a similar structure to the lower floors, but a portion of it is a reinforced concrete floor slab 143 (shown by diagonal lines in the figure) that is reinforced by embedding non-magnetic reinforcing bars (not shown) in the concrete floor surface.

[0068] In this embodiment, the structure of the portion of the top floor 14 using a non-magnetic material is preferably one shown in, for example, any one of FIGS.

[0069] This arrangement reduces the area where non-magnetic material is used, which is economically advantageous if non-magnetic properties are not required for operations other than takeoff and landing.

[0070] Next, a description will be given of a takeoff and landing site for an aircraft according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a takeoff and landing site for an aircraft using a non-magnetic material according to the third embodiment of the present invention, in which structures such as pillars are omitted and only floors are shown.

[0071] The floors 11, 12, 13 of the first to third floors and the roof 14 are made of ordinary reinforced concrete, and no non-magnetic material is used.

[0072] The top floor 31 is supported by columns 30 and raised above a portion of the rooftop floor 14. The top floor 31 is made of reinforced concrete with non-magnetic reinforcing bars embedded in it and has the same cross-sectional structure as the first and second embodiments shown in either of Figures 2 to 4, and this part is used as the takeoff and landing area 17.

[0073] There is also an additional ramp 22 to access the top floor.

[0074] In this way, it is possible to construct a landing site for aircraft using non-magnetic materials not only when constructing a new building, but also by adding it to an existing building.

[0075] It should be noted that there are examples other than those shown in Figures 2 to 4. Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the floor part of the top floor of an airstrip according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and the floor part 14 of the top floor is the upper surface of an aluminum deck material 155 fixed by fixing metal fittings 154 onto a steel frame 153 which is part of the structure of the main body of the building (a member for raising the height), and this forms the airstrip.

[0076] Here, the aluminum deck material 155 is a non-magnetic material, so the present invention can be realized.

[0077] Furthermore, Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the floor portion of the top floor of the airstrip in the third embodiment of the present invention, and the floor portion 14 of the top floor is formed by laying a precast concrete floor slab 148 on a steel frame 153, which is part of the structure of the main body of the building (a member for raising the height), and fastening and fixing the precast concrete floor slab 148 to the steel frame 153 and to each other with fastening hardware 149.

[0078] The reinforcing bars 144 (or steel wires, steel strands) contained within this precast concrete slab 148 must be made of a non-magnetic material, which allows the present invention to be realized.

[0079] In addition, it is desirable to fill the areas where the fastening hardware 149 is installed with mortar after fastening, and it is preferable to perform waterproofing treatment (body waterproofing or applied waterproofing) on ​​the PC concrete slab 148.

[0080] The examples shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8 may be applied not only to elevated landing and takeoff sites, but also to landing and takeoff sites installed on rooftops.

[0081] Although there may be some overlapping parts, the explanation has been given for a typical concrete slab, but in the case of a concrete slab using a deck plate, it is preferable to use a non-magnetic material for the deck plate as well.

[0082] Also, although there is some overlap in the explanation, the description has been given for on-site constructed concrete decks, and it has been stated that rebar and welded wire mesh are used, but when factory-made precast concrete decks or prestressed concrete decks are constructed on-site, non-magnetic steel wire or steel strands can be used.

[0083] In the embodiments described above, the buildings have been limited to parking lots, but the buildings of the present invention include any buildings that can be used for rooftop purposes, such as office buildings, commercial buildings, residential apartment buildings, educational facilities, public facilities, art facilities such as theaters, sports facilities, transportation facilities such as stations and bus terminals, etc.

[0084] Next, a description will be given of a takeoff and landing site for an aircraft according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a takeoff and landing site for an aircraft using a non-magnetic material according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, which is installed on the ground.

[0085] The landing and takeoff site 100 for an aircraft built on the ground surface has a floor 14 of the landing and takeoff site built on a crushed stone roadbed 159 on the ground surface, and the floor 14 is made by laying reinforcing bars 144 (or welded wire mesh) and setting up formwork (not shown) and then pouring concrete 145 to form a concrete floor slab. Expansion joints 146 are provided between the areas where the concrete 145 is poured.

[0086] Here, the object of the present invention can be achieved by using a non-magnetic material for the laid reinforcing bars 144.

[0087] The takeoff and landing site 100 on the ground surface is not limited to being located on the crushed stone roadbed 159, but may be located on any surface suitable for a takeoff and landing site, such as a surface paved with concrete or asphalt, or bedrock.

[0088] Next, a concrete floor slab using a non-magnetic material for use in an air vehicle takeoff and landing site according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0089] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a concrete floor slab using a non-magnetic material for use in an air vehicle takeoff and landing site according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, with a portion cut away so that the internal structure can be seen.

[0090] The concrete deck 50 is a precast concrete deck produced in a factory, and its dimensions are, for example, approximately 5 to 6 m in length and 2 to 3 m in width, which is suitable given the allocation of dimensions from 20 m x 20 m to 24 m x 24 m for typical aircraft takeoff and landing sites.

[0091] In addition, different dimensions may be used taking into consideration the steel structure below, the position of the building's columns, structural calculations, etc.

[0092] Regarding thickness, it is better to make it as thin as possible from the viewpoint of weight reduction, but a thickness of about 15 cm to 20 cm is preferable in view of the minimum thickness that can be produced and the load capacity.

[0093] The length, width, and thickness dimensions are not limited to these examples, and any dimensions suitable for manufacturing, transportation, lifting weights, and installation may be used.

[0094] Reinforcing materials 51 made of non-magnetic material are embedded in this concrete floor slab 50 in advance at the factory production stage.

[0095] Suitable non-magnetic materials include high manganese steel, austenitic stainless steel, aramid fiber, glass fiber, and engineering plastics.

[0096] The reinforcing material 51 for the precast concrete slab 50 is preferably in the form of steel bars as shown in the figure, but other materials such as welded wire mesh, steel fiber, and fiber reinforcing materials other than steel can also be used.

[0097] In addition, the concrete deck 50 may be a precast concrete deck or a precast prestressed concrete deck, in which case tension members are required, and the materials used for these members include non-magnetic steel bars, non-magnetic wires, non-magnetic bolts, etc.

[0098] The landing pad for aircraft using the non-magnetic material of the present invention has great industrial applicability because it can be used to construct new buildings or to add to existing buildings, providing commercial landing pads for aircraft, which are in high demand. Furthermore, landing pads using non-magnetic materials can also be formed on the ground, expanding the scope of application.

[0099] 10 Aircraft takeoff and landing site using non-magnetic materials 100 Takeoff and landing site on the ground 11-13 Floor of each floor 14 Rooftop floor 141 Concrete floor slab 142 Non-magnetic steel bars 143 Reinforced concrete floor slab 144 Steel bars 145 Concrete 147 Deck plate 15 Beam 150 Roof slab 159 Crushed stone roadbed 17 Takeoff and landing site 18 Parking area 20 Slope 21 Vehicle parking space 22 Additional slope 50 Concrete floor slab 51 Reinforcement material

Claims

1. A non-magnetic aircraft landing site characterized by the use of non-magnetic materials on the top floor of a building.

2. A takeoff and landing site for an aircraft using non-magnetic materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that the non-magnetic material is used only on the floor surface of the portion used for takeoff and landing of the aircraft.

3. The takeoff and landing site for an aircraft using non-magnetic materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that the top floor is elevated higher than other parts.

4. An air vehicle takeoff and landing site using non-magnetic materials as described in claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that a non-magnetic material is used for the reinforced concrete floor slab on the top floor.

5. An air vehicle takeoff and landing site using a non-magnetic material as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a non-magnetic material is used for the deck concrete floor slab installed on the top floor.

6. The landing site for an aircraft using non-magnetic materials as described in claim 3, characterized in that aluminum deck material is used for the landing site provided in the raised portion.

7. A landing site for an aircraft using non-magnetic materials as described in claim 3, characterized in that the floor of the landing site provided in the raised area is made of a precast concrete floor slab containing non-magnetic steel bars.

8. A landing and takeoff site for an aircraft using the non-magnetic material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the building is a multi-story parking garage.

9. An air vehicle landing site made of non-magnetic material, characterized in that the air vehicle landing site is located on the ground surface.

10. A precast concrete deck for an airfield, characterized in that non-magnetic materials are used as reinforcements or tendons.

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