Apparatus and method for diagnosing battery

Abstract

An apparatus for diagnosing a battery, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a profile acquisition unit for acquiring a battery profile that indicates a correspondence relationship between the voltage and the capacity of a battery; a profile adjustment unit, which adjusts a preset reference cathode profile and reference anode profile in correspondence to a battery profile, thereby generating an adjusted cathode profile and an adjusted anode profile; and a control unit for extracting a diagnostic factor for the battery from the adjusted cathode profile and / or the adjusted anode profile, and diagnosing the state of the battery on the basis of the extracted diagnostic factor.

Description

Battery diagnostic device and method

[0001] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0015252, filed on January 31, 2024, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of the said application are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to a battery diagnostic device and method, and more particularly, to a battery diagnostic device and method for diagnosing the state of a battery.

[0003] Recently, as the demand for portable electronic products such as laptops, video cameras, and mobile phones has rapidly increased, and the development of electric vehicles, energy storage batteries, robots, and satellites has been in full swing, research into high-performance batteries capable of repeated charging and discharging is actively being conducted.

[0004] Currently commercialized batteries include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, and lithium batteries. Among these, lithium batteries are receiving attention for their advantages of being able to charge and discharge freely, having a very low self-discharge rate, and having a high energy density, as they have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries.

[0005] While extensive research is being conducted on these batteries to improve capacity and density, improving lifespan and safety is also crucial. To improve battery safety, technology is required to accurately diagnose the current battery condition.

[0006] The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to provide a battery diagnostic device and method for non-destructively diagnosing the state of a battery.

[0007] Other objects and advantages of the present invention can be understood through the following description and will be more clearly understood through the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, it will be readily apparent that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means and combinations thereof set forth in the claims.

[0008] A battery diagnosis device according to one aspect of the present invention may include a profile acquisition unit configured to acquire a battery profile indicating a correspondence between a voltage and a capacity of a battery; a profile adjustment unit configured to adjust a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile to correspond to the battery profile, thereby generating an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile; and a control unit configured to extract a diagnostic factor for the battery from at least one of the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile, and to diagnose a state of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factor.

[0009] The control unit may be configured to calculate a deterioration parameter including at least one of an available lithium loss rate, an anode loss rate, an anode loss rate, and a capacity loss rate based on the extracted diagnostic factor, and to diagnose the state of the battery based on the calculated deterioration parameter.

[0010] The control unit may be configured to determine a first characteristic value from the adjusted anode profile, and calculate the available lithium loss rate based on the first characteristic value, a preset first reference characteristic value, and a preset reference difference value.

[0011] The control unit may be configured to compare the available lithium loss rate with a preset first threshold value and diagnose the state of the battery as an available lithium loss state based on the comparison result.

[0012] The control unit may be configured to determine a second characteristic value from the adjusted bipolar profile, and calculate the bipolar loss rate based on the second characteristic value, a preset second reference characteristic value, and a preset reference difference value.

[0013] The control unit may be configured to calculate an anode change ratio of the adjusted anode profile and calculate the anode loss rate based on the anode change ratio and a preset reference anode change ratio.

[0014] The control unit may be configured to compare the anode loss rate with a preset second threshold value and diagnose the state of the battery as a cathode loss state based on the comparison result.

[0015] The control unit may be configured to calculate a cathode change ratio of the adjusted cathode profile and calculate the cathode loss rate based on the cathode change ratio and a preset reference cathode change ratio.

[0016] The control unit may be configured to compare the cathode loss rate with a preset third threshold value and diagnose the state of the battery as a cathode loss state based on the comparison result.

[0017] The control unit may be configured to determine a first characteristic value and a second characteristic value from the adjusted bipolar profile, and calculate the capacity loss rate based on the first characteristic value, the second characteristic value, and a preset reference difference value.

[0018] The control unit may be configured to determine a third characteristic value and a fourth characteristic value from the adjusted negative profile, and to calculate the capacity loss rate based on the third characteristic value, the fourth characteristic value, and a preset reference difference value.

[0019] The control unit may be configured to compare the capacity loss rate with a preset fourth threshold value and diagnose the state of the battery as a capacity loss state based on the comparison result.

[0020] A battery pack according to another aspect of the present invention may include a battery diagnostic device according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0021] A vehicle according to another aspect of the present invention may include a battery diagnostic device according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0022] A battery diagnosis method according to another aspect of the present invention may include a profile acquisition step of acquiring a battery profile indicating a correspondence between a voltage and a capacity of a battery; a profile adjustment step of generating an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile by adjusting a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile to correspond to the battery profile; a diagnostic factor extraction step of extracting a diagnostic factor for the battery from at least one of the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile; and a diagnostic step of diagnosing a state of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factor.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a battery diagnostic device can non-destructively estimate a positive electrode profile and a negative electrode profile of a battery, and specifically diagnose the state of the battery based on the estimated positive electrode profile and negative electrode profile.

[0024] That is, the battery diagnostic device has the advantage of being able to not only generate a positive and negative profile that reflects the current state of the battery, but also diagnose the state of the battery very specifically.

[0025] The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.

[0026] The following drawings attached to this specification serve to further understand the technical idea of ​​the present invention together with the detailed description of the invention described below, and therefore the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited to the matters described in such drawings.

[0027] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery diagnostic device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating the results of adjusting a reference anode profile and a reference cathode profile according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery profile and a reference full cell profile according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating deterioration parameters according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] FIG. 6 is a schematic drawing of a vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery diagnosis method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Terms or words used in this specification and claims should not be interpreted as limited to their usual or dictionary meanings, but should be interpreted as meanings and concepts that conform to the technical spirit of the present invention, based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of the term to explain his or her own invention in the best possible manner.

[0035] Accordingly, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that there may be various equivalents and modified examples that can replace them at the time of filing this application.

[0036] In addition, when describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known configuration or function may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description is omitted.

[0037] Terms that include ordinal numbers, such as first, second, etc., are used to distinguish one of the various components from the rest, and are not used to limit the components by such terms.

[0038] Throughout the specification, whenever a part is said to "include" a component, this does not mean that it excludes other components, but rather that it may include other components, unless otherwise stated.

[0039] Additionally, throughout the specification, when we say that a part is "connected" to another part, this includes not only cases where it is "directly connected" but also cases where it is "indirectly connected" with other elements in between.

[0040]

[0041] Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0042] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery diagnostic device (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Referring to FIG. 1, the battery diagnostic device (100) may include a profile acquisition unit (110), a profile adjustment unit (120), and a control unit (130).

[0044] Here, a battery refers to a physically separate, independent cell having a negative terminal and a positive terminal. For example, a lithium-ion battery or a lithium polymer battery may be considered a battery. Furthermore, the battery may be of a cylindrical type, a prismatic type, or a pouch type. Furthermore, a battery may also refer to a battery bank, a battery module, or a battery pack in which multiple cells are connected in series and / or parallel. For convenience of explanation, the term "battery" will be described herein below as referring to a single, independent cell.

[0045] The profile acquisition unit (110) may be configured to acquire a battery profile (M) indicating a correspondence between the voltage and capacity of the battery.

[0046] For example, a battery profile (M) is a profile that represents the relationship between voltage (V) and capacity (Q) when the state of charge (SOC) of the battery is charged from a preset start SOC or 0% to a preset end SOC or 100%. As another example, the battery profile (M) may represent the relationship between voltage (V) and capacity (Q) when the state of charge (SOC) of the battery is discharged from a preset start SOC or 100% to a preset end SOC or 0%.

[0047] For example, there are no specific restrictions on the C-rate during charging or discharging to generate a battery profile (M). However, to obtain a more accurate battery profile (M), the battery should preferably be charged or discharged at a low rate. For example, a battery profile (M) can be generated during the process of charging or discharging a battery at 0.05C.

[0048] For example, the profile acquisition unit (110) can directly receive the battery profile (M) from the outside. That is, the profile acquisition unit (110) can acquire the battery profile (M) by being connected to the outside via wire and / or wirelessly and receiving the battery profile (M).

[0049] As another example, the profile acquisition unit (110) can receive battery information regarding the voltage and capacity of the battery. Furthermore, the profile acquisition unit (110) can generate a battery profile (M) based on the received battery information. That is, the profile acquisition unit (110) can acquire the battery profile (M) by directly generating the battery profile (M) based on the battery information.

[0050] The profile acquisition unit (110) may be connected to the control unit (130) so as to be able to communicate with it. For example, the profile acquisition unit (110) may be connected to the control unit (130) via wire and / or wirelessly. The profile acquisition unit may transmit the acquired battery profile (M) to the control unit (130).

[0051] The profile adjustment unit (120) can be configured to adjust a preset reference positive profile (Rp) and a reference negative profile (Rn) to correspond to a battery profile (M), thereby generating an adjusted positive profile (Rp') and an adjusted negative profile (Rn').

[0052] Here, the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) may be a profile indicating the correspondence between the capacity and voltage of a reference positive electrode cell preset to correspond to the positive electrode of the battery. For example, the reference positive electrode cell may be the positive electrode of a positive coin half cell or a three-electrode cell. As a specific example, the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) may be preset to correspond to the positive electrode of a battery in the BOL (Beginning of Life) state. In other words, the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) may be estimated as the positive electrode profile of a battery in the BOL state.

[0053] In addition, the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) may be a profile indicating a correspondence between the capacity and voltage of a reference negative electrode cell preset to correspond to the negative electrode of a battery. For example, the reference negative electrode cell may be a negative electrode coin half cell or a negative electrode of a three-electrode cell. As a specific example, the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) may be preset to correspond to the negative electrode of a battery in a BOL state. In other words, the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) may be estimated as the negative electrode profile of a battery in a BOL state.

[0054] Specifically, the profile adjustment unit (120) can adjust the reference positive profile (Rp) and the reference negative profile (Rn) to correspond to the battery profile (M). More specifically, the profile adjustment unit (120) can adjust the reference positive profile (Rp) and the reference negative profile (Rn) to generate an adjusted positive profile (Rp') and an adjusted negative profile (Rn'). In addition, the profile adjustment unit (120) can generate a comparison profile from the adjusted positive profile (Rp') and the adjusted negative profile (Rn'). The profile adjustment unit (120) can adjust the reference positive profile (Rp) and the reference negative profile (Rn) until the comparison profile corresponds to the battery profile (M).

[0055] For example, the profile adjustment unit (120) can generate a plurality of comparison profiles by shifting or capacity scaling the reference positive profile (Rp) and the reference negative profile (Rn), and can specify a comparison profile among the plurality of comparison profiles that has the smallest error with the battery profile (M). Then, the profile adjustment unit (120) can determine the adjusted positive profile (Rp') corresponding to the specified comparison profile as the positive profile of the battery. Then, the profile adjustment unit (120) can determine the adjusted negative profile (Rn') corresponding to the specified comparison profile as the negative profile of the battery. That is, the adjusted positive profile (Rp') and the adjusted negative profile (Rn') corresponding to the specified comparison profile can be estimated as the positive profile and negative profile of the battery, respectively.

[0056] FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating the results of adjusting a reference anode profile (Rp) and a reference cathode profile (Rn) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Specifically, in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the profile adjustment unit (120) can generate an adjusted anode profile (Rp') and an adjusted cathode profile (Rn') by adjusting the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn). That is, the adjusted anode profile (Rp') and the adjusted cathode profile (Rn') are generated according to the organic relationship between the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn).

[0058] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery profile (M) and a reference full cell profile (R) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the reference full-cell profile (R) may be a profile based on a reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and a reference negative electrode profile (Rn). Specifically, the voltage difference by capacity for the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) may be expressed as the reference full-cell profile (R).

[0060] Since the reference full-cell profile (R) is significantly different from the battery profile (M), the profile adjustment unit (120) can adjust the reference positive electrode profile (Rp) and the reference negative electrode profile (Rn) to generate a plurality of comparison profiles corresponding to the battery profile (M). The profile adjustment unit (120) can specify a comparison profile having the smallest error from the battery profile (M) among the plurality of comparison profiles. In addition, the adjusted positive electrode profile (Rp') and the adjusted negative electrode profile (Rn'), which are based on the specified comparison profile, can be set as the positive electrode profile and the negative electrode profile of the battery.

[0061] The control unit (130) may be configured to extract diagnostic factors for the battery from at least one of the adjusted positive profile (Rp') and the adjusted negative profile (Rn').

[0062] Specifically, the adjusted anode profile (Rp') includes a first characteristic point corresponding to the anode engagement start point (hereinafter referred to as pi) and a second characteristic point corresponding to the anode engagement end point (hereinafter referred to as pf). Here, the anode engagement start point (pi) refers to the anode point where the reaction starts during the charging process or the anode point where the reaction ends during the discharging process. The anode engagement end point (pf) refers to the anode point where the reaction ends during the charging process or the anode point where the reaction starts during the discharging process.

[0063] Similarly, the tuned cathode profile (Rn') includes a third feature point corresponding to the cathode engagement initiation point (hereinafter referred to as ni) and a fourth feature point corresponding to the cathode engagement end point (hereinafter referred to as nf). Here, the cathode engagement initiation point (ni) refers to the cathode point where the reaction starts during the charging process or the cathode point where the reaction ends during the discharging process. The cathode engagement end point (nf) refers to the cathode point where the reaction ends during the charging process or the cathode point where the reaction starts during the discharging process.

[0064] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the adjusted positive polarity profile (Rp') may include a first feature point (pi') and a second feature point (pf'). The adjusted negative polarity profile (Rn') may include a third feature point (ni') and a fourth feature point (nf').

[0065] The first characteristic value (pi) of the adjusted bipolar profile (Rp') MOL ) is a value representing at least one of the capacity, voltage, or SOC of the first feature point (pi'). Preferably, the first feature value (pi MOL ) is the SOC of the first feature point (pi').

[0066] For example, the first feature value (pi MOL ) can be calculated as the SOC of the first feature point (pi') for the capacity of the adjusted bipolar profile (Rp'). The entire capacity range of the adjusted bipolar profile (Rp') is referred to as Qi[Ah] to Qf[Ah], and the capacity of the first feature point (pi') is assumed to be Qpi[Ah]. The first feature value (pi MOL ) can be calculated according to the formula “(Qpi-Qi)÷(Qf-Qi)×100”.

[0067] As another example, the first feature value (pi MOL ) can also be calculated as the SOC of the first feature point (pi') for the capacity of the adjusted cathode profile (Rn').

[0068] As another example, the first feature value (pi MOL) can also be calculated as the SOC of the first feature point (pi') for the capacity of the battery profile (M).

[0069] The second characteristic value (pf) of the adjusted bipolar profile (Rp') MOL ) is a value representing at least one of the capacity, voltage, or SOC of the second feature point (pf'). Preferably, the second feature value (pf MOL ) is the SOC of the second feature point (pf').

[0070] For example, the second feature value (pf MOL ) can be calculated as the SOC of the second feature point (pf') for the capacity of the adjusted bipolar profile (Rp'). The entire capacity range of the adjusted bipolar profile (Rp') is referred to as Qi[Ah] to Qf[Ah], and the capacity of the second feature point (pf') is assumed to be Qpf[Ah]. The second feature value (pf MOL ) can be calculated according to the formula “(Qpf-Qi)÷(Qf-Qi)×100”.

[0071] As another example, the second feature value (pf MOL ) can also be calculated as the SOC of the second feature point (pf') for the capacity of the adjusted cathode profile (Rn').

[0072] As another example, the second feature value (pf MOL ) can also be calculated as the SOC of the second feature point (pf') for the capacity of the battery profile (M).

[0073] The third characteristic value (ni) of the adjusted cathode profile (Rn') MOL ) is a value representing at least one of the capacity, voltage, or SOC of the third feature point (ni'). Preferably, the third feature value (ni MOL ) is the SOC of the third feature point (ni').

[0074] For example, the third feature value (ni MOL) can be calculated as the SOC of the third characteristic point (ni') for the capacity of the adjusted cathode profile (Rn'). The entire capacity range of the adjusted cathode profile (Rn') is referred to as Qi[Ah] to Qf[Ah], and the capacity of the third characteristic point (ni') is assumed to be Qni[Ah]. The third characteristic value (ni MOL ) can be calculated according to the formula “(Qni-Qi)÷(Qf-Qi)×100”.

[0075] As another example, the third feature value (ni MOL ) can also be calculated as the SOC of the third feature point (ni') for the capacity of the adjusted cathode profile (Rn').

[0076] As another example, the third feature value (ni MOL ) can also be calculated as the SOC of the third feature point (ni') for the capacity of the battery profile (M).

[0077] The fourth characteristic value (nf) of the adjusted cathode profile (Rn') MOL ) is a value representing at least one of the capacity, voltage, or SOC of the fourth feature point (nf'). Preferably, the fourth feature value (nf MOL ) is the SOC of the fourth feature point (nf').

[0078] For example, the fourth feature value (nf MOL ) can be calculated as the SOC of the fourth feature point (nf') for the capacity of the adjusted cathode profile (Rn'). The entire capacity range of the adjusted cathode profile (Rn') is referred to as Qi[Ah] to Qf[Ah], and the capacity of the fourth feature point (nf') is assumed to be Qnf[Ah]. The fourth feature value (nf MOL ) can be calculated according to the formula “(Qnf-Qi)÷(Qf-Qi)×100”.

[0079] As another example, the fourth feature value (nf MOL ) can also be calculated as the SOC of the fourth feature point (nf') for the capacity of the adjusted cathode profile (Rn').

[0080] As another example, the fourth feature value (nfMOL ) can also be calculated as the SOC of the fourth feature point (nf') for the capacity of the battery profile (M).

[0081] The rate of change of the anode in the adjusted anode profile (Rp') (ps) MOL ) is a value indicating the rate at which the adjusted anode profile (Rp') has changed based on the reference anode profile (Rp). In other words, the anode change rate (ps) MOL ) is the scale factor of the adjusted bipolar profile (Rp') with respect to the reference bipolar profile (Rp). For example, the bipolar change rate (ps MOL ) can represent the ratio of the capacity difference between two points (pi', pf') of the adjusted anode profile (Rp') to the capacity difference between two points (pi0, pf0) of the reference anode profile (Rp). Here, pi0 corresponds to the anode participation start point of the reference anode profile (Rp), and pf0 corresponds to the anode participation end point of the reference anode profile (Rp).

[0082] The cathode change ratio (ns) of the tuned cathode profile (Rn') MOL ) is a value indicating the ratio of the change in the adjusted cathode profile (Rn') based on the reference cathode profile (Rn). That is, the cathode change ratio (ns MOL ) is the scale factor of the adjusted cathode profile (Rn') with respect to the reference cathode profile (Rn). For example, the cathode change ratio (ns MOL ) can represent the ratio of the capacity difference between two points (ni', nf') of the adjusted cathode profile (Rn') to the capacity difference between two points (ni0, nf0) of the reference cathode profile (Rn). Here, ni0 corresponds to the cathode participation start point of the reference cathode profile (Rn), and nf0 corresponds to the cathode participation end point of the reference cathode profile (Rn).

[0083] Specifically, the control unit (130) determines the first characteristic value (pi MOL ), second feature value (pf MOL ), the third feature value (ni MOL), the fourth feature value (nf MOL ), polarity change rate (ps) MOL ) and cathode change rate (ns MOL ) can be extracted as a diagnostic factor.

[0084] The control unit (130) may be configured to diagnose the condition of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factors.

[0085] Specifically, the control unit (130) can calculate a degradation parameter for diagnosing the condition of the battery based on a diagnostic factor extracted from the adjusted positive profile (Rp') and / or the adjusted negative profile (Rn').

[0086] For example, the control unit (130) may determine the available lithium loss rate (Loss) based on the extracted diagnostic factors. Li ), anode loss rate (Loss P ), cathode loss ratio (Loss N ) and capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) can be configured to produce a degradation parameter including at least one of the following:

[0087] Here, the available lithium loss rate (Loss Li ) means the rate at which the available lithium of the battery is lost. In other words, the available lithium loss rate (Loss Li ) refers to the degree of loss of lithium that can be used for charging and discharging. Specifically, the available lithium loss rate (Loss Li ) can indicate how much of the available lithium of the battery in the current state has been lost based on the available lithium of the battery in the BOL state. For example, the available lithium loss rate (Loss Li ) is 1%, it means that the available lithium content of the battery in the current state has lost 1% compared to the available lithium content of the battery in the BOL state. In other words, the available lithium loss rate (Loss Li ) is 1%, the available lithium SOH (state of health) of the current battery is 99%. For example, the available lithium loss rate (LossLi ) is the first feature value (pi MOL ) can be calculated based on.

[0088] Next, the anode loss rate (Loss P ) means the rate at which the battery's positive electrode is lost. In other words, the positive electrode loss rate (Loss P ) can indicate how much of the positive electrode capacity of the battery in the current state has been lost based on the positive electrode capacity of the battery in the BOL state. For example, the positive electrode loss rate (Loss P ) is 1%, it means that the anode capacity of the current battery has lost 1% compared to the anode capacity of the battery in the BOL state. In other words, the anode loss rate (Loss P ) is 1%, the positive SOH of the current battery is 99%. For example, the positive loss rate (Loss P ) is the second feature value (pf MOL ) or the polarity change rate (ps) MOL ) can be calculated based on.

[0089] Next, the cathode loss rate (Loss N ) means the rate at which the negative electrode of the battery is lost. In other words, the negative electrode loss rate (Loss N ) can indicate how much of the negative capacity of the battery in the current state has been lost based on the negative capacity of the battery in the BOL state. For example, the negative loss rate (Loss N ) is 1%, it means that the negative capacity of the battery in the current state has lost 1% compared to the negative capacity of the battery in the BOL state. In other words, the negative loss rate (Loss N ) is 1%, the negative SOH of the current battery is 99%. For example, the negative loss rate (Loss N ) is the cathode change rate (ns) MOL ) can be calculated based on.

[0090] Finally, the capacity loss rate (Loss Q) means the rate at which the battery capacity is lost. In other words, the capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) can indicate how much of the battery capacity has been lost in the current state based on the capacity of the battery in the BOL state. For example, the capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) is 1%, it means that the capacity of the battery in the current state has lost 1% compared to the capacity of the battery in the BOL state. In other words, the capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) is 1%, the current state battery capacity SOH is 99%. For example, the capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) is the first feature value (pi MOL ) and the second feature value (pf MOL ) can be calculated based on the capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) is the third feature value (ni MOL ) and the fourth feature value (nf MOL ) can be calculated based on.

[0091] Figure 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating a deterioration parameter according to one embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, Figure 4 shows the available lithium loss rate (Loss Li ), anode loss rate (Loss P ), cathode loss ratio (Loss N ) and capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) is a drawing that organizes the formulas for the control unit (130). A specific embodiment in which the control unit (130) calculates the deterioration parameter using the formulas of FIG. 4 will be described later.

[0092] Additionally, the control unit (130) can be configured to diagnose the condition of the battery based on the calculated deterioration parameters.

[0093] Specifically, the control unit (130) can diagnose the state of the battery corresponding to the calculated deterioration parameter. That is, the state of the battery that can be calculated for each deterioration parameter can be preset.

[0094] For example, the state of the battery that the control unit (130) can diagnose may be an available lithium loss state, a positive electrode loss state, a negative electrode loss state, a capacity loss state, or a normal state.

[0095] Specifically, the control unit (130) determines the available lithium loss rate (Loss Li ) can be used to diagnose whether the battery's condition is a state of available lithium loss. And, the control unit (130) can diagnose whether the battery's condition is a state of available lithium loss. And, the control unit (130) can diagnose whether the battery's condition is a state of available lithium loss. P ) can be used to diagnose whether the battery status is a positive electrode loss state. And, the control unit (130) can diagnose whether the battery status is a positive electrode loss state based on the negative electrode loss rate (Loss N ) can be used to diagnose whether the battery is in a negative loss state. And, the control unit (130) can diagnose whether the battery is in a negative loss state based on the capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) can be used to diagnose whether the battery status is a capacity loss status. Finally, if the battery status is not a state of available lithium loss, a state of positive electrode loss, a state of negative electrode loss, or a state of capacity loss, the control unit (130) can diagnose the battery status as a normal status.

[0096] Preferably, threshold values ​​can be set for each degradation parameter. Here, the threshold value is a preset value that distinguishes between normal and abnormal states. For example, values ​​below the threshold value may be considered normal, while values ​​exceeding the threshold value may be considered abnormal. The control unit (130) can compare the degradation parameter with the corresponding threshold value and diagnose the battery condition based on the comparison result.

[0097] A battery diagnostic device (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention can non-destructively estimate the positive and negative profiles of a battery, and specifically diagnose the state of the battery based on the estimated positive and negative profiles. That is, according to the battery diagnostic device (100), not only is a positive and negative profile reflecting the current state of the battery generated, but the state of the battery can also be diagnosed very specifically.

[0098]

[0099] Meanwhile, the profile acquisition unit (110), profile adjustment unit (120), and control unit (130) provided in the battery diagnosis device (100) are processors and ASICs (app) known in the art to execute various control logics performed in the present invention. Li The profile acquisition unit (110), the profile adjustment unit (120), and the control unit (130) may optionally include other chipsets, logic circuits, registers, communication modems, data processing devices, etc. When the control logic is implemented in software, the profile acquisition unit (110), the profile adjustment unit (120), and the control unit (130) may be implemented as a set of program modules. At this time, the program modules may be stored in a memory and executed by the profile acquisition unit (110), the profile adjustment unit (120), and the control unit (130). The memory may be located inside or outside the profile acquisition unit (110), the profile adjustment unit (120), and the control unit (130), and may be connected to the profile acquisition unit (110), the profile adjustment unit (120), and the control unit (130) by various well-known means.

[0100] In addition, the battery diagnostic device (100) may further include a storage unit (140). The storage unit (140) may store data or programs required for each component of the battery diagnostic device (100) to perform operations and functions, or data generated in the process of performing operations and functions. The storage unit (140) is not particularly limited in type as long as it is a known information storage means known to be capable of recording, erasing, updating, and reading data. As an example, the information storage means may include RAM, flash memory, ROM, EEPROM, registers, etc. In addition, the storage unit (140) may store program codes defining processes executable by the profile acquisition unit (110), the profile adjustment unit (120), and the control unit (130).

[0101] For example, the storage unit (140) can store data used for diagnosing the condition of the battery, such as a battery profile (M), a reference positive profile (Rp), a reference negative profile (Rn), an adjusted positive profile (Rp'), an adjusted negative profile (Rn'), a comparison profile, and deterioration parameters.

[0102]

[0103] Below, each parameter included in the embodiment of Fig. 4 is described.

[0104] (1) Loss Li refers to the available lithium loss rate.

[0105] (2) Loss P means the bipolar loss rate.

[0106] (3) Loss N means the cathode loss rate.

[0107] (4) Loss Q means capacity loss rate.

[0108] (5) pi BOLrefers to the first reference feature value for the first reference feature point (pi0) of the reference bipolar profile (Rp). For example, pi BOL can be the SOC of the first reference feature point (pi0). That is, the first reference feature value (pi BOL ) is a characteristic value for the initiation point of bipolar participation of the reference bipolar profile (Rp).

[0109] For example, the first reference feature value (pi BOL ) can be calculated as the SOC of the first reference feature point (pi0) for the capacity of the reference anode profile (Rp). The entire capacity range of the reference anode profile (Rp) is referred to as Qi0[Ah] to Qf0[Ah], and the capacity of the first reference feature point (pi0) is assumed to be Qpi0[Ah]. The first reference feature value (pi BOL ) can be calculated according to the formula "(Qpi0-Qi0)÷(Qf0-Qi0)×100". As another example, the first reference feature value (pi BOL ) can also be calculated as the SOC of the first reference feature point (pi0) for the capacity of the reference cathode profile (Rn). As another example, the first reference feature value (pi BOL ) can also be calculated as the SOC of the first reference feature point (pi0) for the capacity of the reference full cell profile (R).

[0110] (6) pf BOL refers to the second reference feature value for the second reference feature point (pf0) of the reference bipolar profile (Rp). For example, pf BOL can be the SOC of the second reference feature point (pf0). That is, the second reference feature value (pf BOL ) is a characteristic value for the bipolar participation end point of the reference bipolar profile (Rp).

[0111] For example, the second reference feature value (pf BOL) can be calculated as the SOC of the second reference feature point (pf0) for the capacity of the reference anode profile (Rp). The entire capacity range of the reference anode profile (Rp) is referred to as Qi0[Ah] to Qf0[Ah], and the capacity of the second reference feature point (pf0) is assumed to be Qpf0[Ah]. The second reference feature value (pf BOL ) can be calculated according to the formula "(Qpf0-Qi0)÷(Qf0-Qi0)×100". As another example, the second reference feature value (pf BOL ) can also be calculated as the SOC of the second reference feature point (pf0) for the capacity of the reference cathode profile (Rn). As another example, the second reference feature value (pf BOL ) can also be calculated as the SOC of the second reference feature point (pf0) for the capacity of the reference full cell profile (R).

[0112] (7) ni BOL refers to the third reference feature value for the third reference feature point (ni0) of the reference cathode profile (Rn). For example, ni BOL can be the SOC of the third reference feature point (ni0). That is, the third reference feature value (ni BOL ) is a characteristic value for the cathode participation start point of the reference cathode profile (Rn).

[0113] For example, the third reference feature value (ni BOL ) can be calculated as the SOC of the third reference feature point (ni0) for the capacity of the reference cathode profile (Rn). The entire capacity range of the reference cathode profile (Rn) is referred to as Qi0[Ah] to Qf0[Ah], and the capacity of the third reference feature point (ni0) is assumed to be Qni0[Ah]. The third reference feature value (ni BOL ) can be calculated according to the formula "(Qni0-Qi0)÷(Qf0-Qi0)×100". As another example, the third reference feature value (ni BOL ) can also be calculated as the SOC of the third reference feature point (ni0) for the capacity of the reference cathode profile (Rn). As another example, the third reference feature value (niBOL ) can also be calculated as the SOC of the third reference feature point (ni0) for the capacity of the reference full cell profile (R).

[0114] (8) nf BOL refers to the fourth reference feature value for the fourth reference feature point (nf0) of the reference cathode profile (Rn). For example, nf BOL can be the SOC of the fourth reference feature point (nf0). That is, the fourth reference feature value (nf BOL ) is a characteristic value for the cathode participation start point of the reference cathode profile (Rn).

[0115] For example, the fourth reference feature value (nf BOL ) can be calculated as the SOC of the fourth reference feature point (nf0) for the capacity of the reference cathode profile (Rn). The entire capacity range of the reference cathode profile (Rn) is referred to as Qi0[Ah] to Qf0[Ah], and the capacity of the fourth reference feature point (nf0) is assumed to be Qnf0[Ah]. The fourth reference feature value (nf BOL ) can be calculated according to the formula "(Qnf0-Qi0)÷(Qf0-Qi0)×100". As another example, the fourth reference feature value (nf BOL ) can also be calculated as the SOC of the fourth reference feature point (nf0) for the capacity of the reference cathode profile (Rn). As another example, the fourth reference feature value (nf BOL ) can also be calculated as the SOC of the fourth reference feature point (nf0) for the capacity of the reference full cell profile (R).

[0116] (9) ps BOL refers to the reference anode change ratio of the reference anode profile (Rp). Specifically, ps BOL means the change ratio of the reference anode profile (Rp) to the initial anode profile. Here, if the initial anode profile and the reference anode profile (Rp) are the same, ps BOLcan be 1 or 100%. In the following, for convenience of explanation, the initial anode profile and the reference anode profile (Rp) are described as being the same.

[0117] (10) ns BOL refers to the reference cathode change ratio of the reference cathode profile (Rn). Specifically, ns BOL means the change ratio of the reference cathode profile (Rn) to the initial cathode profile. Here, if the initial cathode profile and the reference cathode profile (Rn) are the same, ns BOL can be 1 or 100%. In the following, for convenience of explanation, the initial cathode profile and the reference cathode profile (Rn) are described as being the same.

[0118] (11) pi MOL means the first feature value for the first feature point (pi') of the adjusted bipolar profile (Rp'). For example, pi MOL may be the SOC of the first feature point (pi').

[0119] (12) pf MOL refers to the second feature value for the second feature point (pf') of the adjusted bipolar profile (Rp'). For example, pf MOL may be the SOC of the second feature point (pf').

[0120] (13) ni MOL means the third characteristic value for the third characteristic point (ni') of the adjusted negative profile (Rn'). For example, ni MOL may be the SOC of the third feature point (ni').

[0121] (14) nf MOL means the fourth feature value for the fourth feature point (nf') of the adjusted negative profile (Rn'). For example, nf MOL may be the SOC of the fourth feature point (nf').

[0122] (15) ps MOLmeans the polarity change ratio of the adjusted polarity profile (Rp'). Specifically, ps MOL means the change ratio of the adjusted bipolar profile (Rp') to the reference bipolar profile (Rp).

[0123] (16) ns MOL means the cathode change ratio of the adjusted cathode profile (Rn'). Specifically, ns MOL means the change ratio of the adjusted cathode profile (Rn') with respect to the reference cathode profile (Rn).

[0124] (17) Diff ref refers to a preset reference difference value. Specifically, the reference difference value is the first reference feature value (pi BOL ) and the second reference feature value (pf BOL ) or the third reference feature value (ni BOL ) and the fourth reference feature value (nf BOL ) can be set as the difference between the first reference feature value (pi BOL ) and the second reference feature value (pf BOL ) and the third reference feature value (ni BOL ) and the fourth reference feature value (nf BOL ) is the same. Below, for convenience of explanation, the standard difference value is Diff ref It is said.

[0125] (18) Preferably, the first feature value (pi MOL ) is the value calculated for the capacity of the adjusted bipolar profile (Rp'), the first reference characteristic value (pi BOL ) may also be a value calculated for the capacity of the reference bipolar profile (Rp). The first characteristic value (pi MOL ) is the value calculated for the capacity of the adjusted cathode profile (Rn'), the first reference characteristic value (pi BOL ) may also be a value calculated for the capacity of the reference cathode profile (Rn). The first characteristic value (pi MOL) is the value calculated for the capacity of the battery profile (M), the first reference feature value (pi BOL ) may also be a value calculated for the capacity of the standard full cell profile (R).

[0126]

[0127] Below, an embodiment in which the control unit (130) diagnoses the state of the battery as a state of available lithium loss is described.

[0128] The control unit (130) determines the first characteristic value (pi) from the adjusted bipolar profile (Rp'). MOL ) can be configured to determine.

[0129] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the control unit (130) can determine the first feature point (pi') in the adjusted bipolar profile (Rp'). Then, the control unit (130) can determine the first feature value (pi) based on the SOC of the first feature point (pi'). MOL ) can be determined.

[0130] The control unit (130) determines the first characteristic value (pi MOL ), a preset first reference feature value (pi BOL ) and the available lithium loss rate (Loss Li ) can be configured to produce.

[0131] Here, the first reference feature value (pi BOL ) and the reference difference (Diff ref ) is as explained above.

[0132] Specifically, the control unit (130) determines the first characteristic value (pi MOL ), the first reference feature value (pi BOL ) and the reference difference (Diff ref ) based on the available lithium loss rate (Loss Li ) can be produced.

[0133] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, the control unit (130) determines the first characteristic value (pi MOL ) and the first reference feature value (pi BOL) is the difference between the reference values ​​(Diff ref ) is divided into the available lithium loss rate (Loss Li ) can be produced.

[0134] The control unit (130) determines the available lithium loss rate (Loss Li ) can be configured to compare a preset first threshold value.

[0135] Here, the first threshold is the available lithium loss rate (Loss Li ) is a preset reference value that can be used to determine whether the battery is in a normal state. For example, the first threshold value can be preset experimentally and / or theoretically. Preferably, the first threshold value can be preset by taking into account the type and condition (degree of degradation, etc.) of the battery.

[0136] Specifically, the control unit (130) determines the available lithium loss rate (Loss Li ) can be directly compared with the first threshold value. For example, the control unit (130) can compare the available lithium loss rate (Loss Li ) and the first threshold value can be compared.

[0137] The control unit (130) may be configured to diagnose the state of the battery as a state of available lithium loss based on the comparison result.

[0138] For example, the control unit (130) may be configured to determine the available lithium loss rate (Loss Li ) exceeds the first threshold, the state of the battery can be diagnosed as a state of available lithium loss. That is, the control unit (130) can diagnose the state of the battery as a state of available lithium loss when the available lithium of the battery is lost to an extent exceeding the first threshold.

[0139] When available lithium is lost, the lost available lithium may be deposited as a metal on the surface of the battery's negative electrode. This phenomenon of lithium metal deposition is called lithium plating. This phenomenon causes an internal short circuit in the battery, which is a major cause of battery fire and / or explosion. Therefore, the battery diagnostic device (100) can non-destructively diagnose the condition of the battery using extracted diagnostic factors, thereby preventing unexpected accidents in advance.

[0140]

[0141] Below, an embodiment in which the control unit (130) diagnoses the state of the battery as a positive electrode loss state is described.

[0142] In one embodiment, the control unit (130) determines a second characteristic value (pf) from the adjusted bipolar profile (Rp'). MOL ) can be configured to determine.

[0143] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the control unit (130) can determine the second feature point (pf') corresponding to the anode participation end point in the adjusted anode profile (Rp'). Then, the control unit (130) can determine the second feature value (pf) based on the capacity of the second feature point (pf'). MOL ) can be determined.

[0144] The control unit (130) is a second characteristic value (pf MOL ), a preset second reference feature value (pf BOL ) and the bipolar loss rate (Loss) based on the preset reference difference value. P ) can be configured to produce.

[0145] Here, the second reference feature value (pf BOL ) and the reference difference (Diff ref ) is as explained above.

[0146] Specifically, the control unit (130) determines the second characteristic value (pf MOL ), second reference feature value (pfBOL ) and the reference difference (Diff ref ) based on the bipolar loss rate (Loss P ) can be produced.

[0147] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, the control unit (130) sets the second characteristic value (pf MOL ) and the second reference feature value (pf BOL ) is the difference between the reference values ​​(Diff ref ) is divided into the anode loss rate (Loss P ) can be produced.

[0148] The control unit (130) controls the anode loss rate (Loss P ) can be configured to compare a preset second threshold value.

[0149] Here, the second threshold is the bipolar loss rate (Loss P ) is a preset reference value that can be used to determine whether the battery is in a normal state. For example, the second threshold value can be preset experimentally and / or theoretically. Preferably, the second threshold value can be preset by taking into account the type and condition (such as degree of degradation) of the battery.

[0150] Specifically, the control unit (130) controls the anode loss rate (Loss P ) and the second threshold value can be directly compared. For example, the control unit (130) can compare the anode loss rate (Loss P ) and the second threshold value can be compared.

[0151] The control unit (130) may be configured to diagnose the state of the battery as a positive electrode loss state based on the comparison result.

[0152] For example, the control unit (130) may be configured to control the anode loss rate (Loss P ) exceeds the second threshold, the state of the battery can be diagnosed as a positive electrode loss state. That is, the control unit (130) can diagnose the state of the battery as a positive electrode loss state when the positive electrode of the battery is lost to an extent exceeding the second threshold.

[0153] In another embodiment, the control unit (130) adjusts the anode change rate (ps) of the regulated anode profile (Rp'). MOL ) can be configured to produce a polarity change ratio (ps). And, the control unit (130) MOL ) and preset reference bipolar change rate (ps BOL ) based on the bipolar loss rate (Loss P ) can be configured to produce.

[0154] Here, the reference polarity change rate (ps) BOL ) and polarity change rate (ps MOL ) is as explained above.

[0155] Specifically, the control unit (130) changes the reference anode change rate (ps BOL ) and the polarity change rate (ps) MOL ) based on the bipolar loss rate (Loss P ) can be produced.

[0156] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, the control unit (130) changes the reference anode change rate (ps BOL ) and the polarity change rate (ps) MOL ) as the difference between the two polarity change rates (ps) BOL ) is divided into the anode loss rate (Loss P ) can be produced.

[0157] That is, the battery diagnostic device (100) can measure the positive electrode loss rate (Loss) in various ways. P ) can be used to diagnose whether the battery is in a positive electrode loss state.

[0158]

[0159] Below, an embodiment in which the control unit (130) diagnoses the state of the battery as a negative electrode loss state is described.

[0160] The control unit (130) controls the cathode change ratio (ns) of the adjusted cathode profile (Rn'). MOL ) can be configured to produce a negative change rate (ns). And, the control unit (130) can produce a negative change rate (ns MOL) and preset reference cathode change rate (ns BOL ) based on the cathode loss rate (Loss N ) can be configured to produce.

[0161] Here, the reference cathode change rate (ns BOL ) and cathode change rate (ns MOL ) is as explained above.

[0162] Specifically, the control unit (130) controls the reference cathode change rate (ns BOL ) and cathode change rate (ns MOL ) based on the cathode loss rate (Loss N ) can be produced.

[0163] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, the control unit (130) sets the reference cathode change rate (ns BOL ) and cathode change rate (ns MOL ) as the difference between the cathode change rate (ns) BOL ) is divided into the cathode loss rate (Loss N ) can also be produced.

[0164] The control unit (130) controls the cathode loss rate (Loss N ) can be configured to compare with a preset third threshold value.

[0165] Here, the third threshold is the cathode loss ratio (Loss N ) is a preset reference value that can be used to determine whether the battery is in a normal state. For example, the third threshold value can be preset experimentally and / or theoretically. Preferably, the third threshold value can be preset by taking into account the type and condition (such as degree of degradation) of the battery.

[0166] Specifically, the control unit (130) controls the cathode loss rate (Loss N ) and the third threshold value can be directly compared. For example, the control unit (130) can compare the cathode loss rate (Loss N ) and the third threshold value can be compared.

[0167] The control unit (130) may be configured to diagnose the state of the battery as a negative electrode loss state based on the comparison result.

[0168] For example, the control unit (130) may control the cathode loss rate (Loss N ) exceeds the third threshold, the state of the battery can be diagnosed as a negative loss state. That is, the control unit (130) can diagnose the state of the battery as a negative loss state when the negative pole of the battery is lost to an extent exceeding the third threshold.

[0169]

[0170] Below, an embodiment in which the control unit (130) diagnoses the state of the battery as a state of capacity loss is described.

[0171] In one embodiment, the control unit (130) determines a first characteristic value (pi) from the adjusted bipolar profile (Rp'). MOL ) and the second feature value (pf MOL ) can be configured to determine the first characteristic value (pi). And, the control unit (130) MOL ), second feature value (pf MOL ) and capacity loss rate based on preset reference difference values ​​(Loss Q ) can be configured to produce.

[0172] Here, the first feature value (pi MOL ), second feature value (pf MOL ) and the reference difference (Diff ref ) is as explained above.

[0173] Specifically, the control unit (130) determines the first characteristic value (pi MOL ), second feature value (pf MOL ) and the reference difference (Diff ref ) based on the capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) can be produced.

[0174] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, the control unit (130) determines the first characteristic value (pi MOL ) and the second feature value (pf MOL) to calculate the difference between the two polarity differences (pf) MOL -pi MOL ) can be produced. And, the control unit (130) can produce a reference difference value (Diff ref ) and the difference between the two poles (pf MOL -pi MOL ) is the difference between the standard difference values ​​(Diff ref ) and divided into capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) can be produced.

[0175] The control unit (130) determines the capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) can be configured to compare with a preset fourth threshold value.

[0176] Here, the fourth threshold is the capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) is a preset reference value that can be used to determine whether the battery is in a normal state. For example, the fourth threshold value can be preset experimentally and / or theoretically. Preferably, the fourth threshold value can be preset by taking into account the type and condition (degree of degradation, etc.) of the battery.

[0177] Specifically, the control unit (130) determines the capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) and the fourth threshold value can be directly compared. For example, the control unit (130) can compare the capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) and the fourth threshold value can be compared.

[0178] The control unit (130) may be configured to diagnose the state of the battery as a capacity loss state based on the comparison result.

[0179] For example, the control unit (130) may be configured to control the capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) exceeds the fourth threshold, the state of the battery can be diagnosed as a positive electrode loss state. That is, the control unit (130) can diagnose the state of the battery as a positive electrode loss state when the positive electrode of the battery is lost to an extent exceeding the fourth threshold.

[0180] In another embodiment, the control unit (130) adjusts the third characteristic value (ni) in the negative polarity profile (Rn'). MOL ) and the fourth feature value (nf MOL ) can be configured to determine the third characteristic value (ni MOL ), the fourth feature value (nf MOL ) and capacity loss rate based on preset reference difference values ​​(Loss Q ) can be configured to produce.

[0181] Here, the third feature value (ni MOL ), the fourth feature value (nf MOL ) and the reference difference (Diff ref ) is as explained above.

[0182] Specifically, the control unit (130) determines the third characteristic value (ni MOL ), the fourth feature value (nf MOL ) and the reference difference (Diff ref ) based on the capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) can be produced.

[0183] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, the control unit (130) determines the third characteristic value (ni MOL ) and the fourth feature value (nf MOL ) and calculate the difference between the negative difference values ​​(nf MOL -ni MOL ) can be produced. And, the control unit (130) can produce a reference difference value (Diff ref ) and the negative difference value (nf MOL -ni MOL ) is the difference between the standard difference values ​​(Diff ref ) and divided into capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) can be produced.

[0184] That is, the battery diagnostic device (100) can measure the capacity loss rate (Loss) in various ways. Q ) can be used to diagnose whether the battery is in a state of capacity loss.

[0185]

[0186] Below, an embodiment in which the control unit (130) diagnoses the state of the battery as normal is described.

[0187] Specifically, the control unit (130) can diagnose the state of the battery as normal if the state of the battery is not a state of available lithium loss, a state of positive electrode loss, a state of negative electrode loss, or a state of capacity loss.

[0188] That is, the control unit (130) determines the available lithium loss rate (Loss Li ) is below the first threshold, and the anode loss rate (Loss P ) is below the second threshold, and the cathode loss rate (Loss N ) is below the third threshold, and the capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) is below the fourth threshold, the battery status can be diagnosed as normal.

[0189] The battery diagnostic device (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention can conservatively set the threshold for diagnosing a battery as being in a normal state. That is, the battery can be diagnosed as being in a normal state only when the diagnostic results using all four degradation parameters are positive. Therefore, the battery diagnostic device (100) can strictly detect batteries exhibiting abnormal behavior, thereby preventing unexpected accidents caused by such abnormal behavior.

[0190]

[0191] Additionally, the control unit (130) may be configured to change preset usage conditions for the battery based on the diagnostic results.

[0192] For example, the control unit (130) can appropriately change at least one of the maximum allowable temperature, maximum C-rate, upper limit voltage (or upper limit SOC), and lower limit voltage (or lower limit SOC) to correspond to the state of the battery.

[0193] That is, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the battery diagnostic device (100) can prevent the battery's condition from further deteriorating by changing the battery's usage conditions based on the strictly diagnosed battery condition. Furthermore, the battery diagnostic device (100) can increase the expected lifespan of the battery by appropriately changing the usage conditions to correspond to the battery's condition.

[0194]

[0195] The battery diagnosis device (100) according to the present invention can be applied to a BMS (Battery Management System). That is, the BMS according to the present invention can include the battery diagnosis device (100) described above. In this configuration, at least some of the components of the battery diagnosis device (100) can be implemented by supplementing or adding functions of the components included in a conventional BMS. For example, the profile acquisition unit (110), the profile adjustment unit (120), the control unit (130), and the storage unit (140) of the battery diagnosis device (100) can be implemented as components of the BMS.

[0196] In addition, the battery diagnostic device (100) according to the present invention may be installed in a battery pack. That is, the battery pack according to the present invention may include the battery diagnostic device (100) described above and one or more battery cells. In addition, the battery pack may further include electrical components (relays, fuses, etc.) and a case, etc.

[0197] FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing of a battery pack (10) according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0198] The positive terminal of the battery (11) can be connected to the positive terminal (P+) of the battery pack (10), and the negative terminal of the battery (11) can be connected to the negative terminal (P-) of the battery pack (10).

[0199] The measuring unit (12) can be connected to a first sensing line (SL1), a second sensing line (SL2), and a third sensing line (SL3). Specifically, the measuring unit (12) can be connected to a positive terminal of the battery (11) through the first sensing line (SL1), and can be connected to a negative terminal of the battery (11) through the second sensing line (SL2). The measuring unit (12) can measure the voltage of the battery (11) based on the voltage measured at each of the first sensing line (SL1) and the second sensing line (SL2).

[0200] And, the measuring unit (12) can be connected to the current measuring unit (A) through the third sensing line (SL3). For example, the current measuring unit (A) can be an ammeter or a shunt resistor capable of measuring the charging current and discharging current of the battery (11). The measuring unit (12) can measure the charging current of the battery (11) through the third sensing line (SL3) to calculate the charging amount. In addition, the measuring unit (12) can measure the discharging current of the battery (11) through the third sensing line (SL3) to calculate the discharging amount.

[0201] For example, the profile acquisition unit (110) can receive battery information about the voltage and current of the battery from the measurement unit (12). Then, the profile acquisition unit (110) can generate a battery profile (M) based on the battery information.

[0202] As another example, the profile acquisition unit (110) can receive a battery profile (M) from the measurement unit (12).

[0203] An external device may be connected to the positive terminal (P+) and negative terminal (P-) of the battery pack (10). For example, the external device may be a charging device or a load. In addition, the positive terminal of the battery (11), the positive terminal (P+) of the battery pack (10), the external device, the negative terminal (P-) of the battery pack (10), and the negative terminal of the battery (11) may be electrically connected.

[0204]

[0205] FIG. 6 is a schematic drawing of a vehicle (600) according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0206] Referring to FIG. 6, a battery pack (610) according to an embodiment of the present invention may be included in a vehicle (600), such as an electric vehicle (EV) or a hybrid vehicle (HV). Furthermore, the battery pack (610) may drive the vehicle (600) by supplying power to a motor through an inverter provided in the vehicle (600). Here, the battery pack (610) may include a battery diagnostic device (100). That is, the vehicle (600) may include a battery diagnostic device (100). In this case, the battery diagnostic device (100) may be an onboard device included in the vehicle (600).

[0207]

[0208] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a battery diagnosis method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0209] Referring to FIG. 7, the battery diagnosis method may include a profile acquisition step (S100), a profile adjustment step (S200), a diagnostic factor extraction step (S300), and a diagnosis step (S400).

[0210] Preferably, each step of the battery diagnosis method can be performed by the battery diagnosis device (100). In the following, for convenience of explanation, any content that overlaps with the previously described content will be omitted or briefly described.

[0211] The profile acquisition step (S100) is a step of acquiring a battery profile (M) indicating a correspondence between the voltage and capacity of the battery, and can be performed by the profile acquisition unit (110).

[0212] For example, the profile acquisition unit (110) can directly receive the battery profile (M) from the outside. That is, the profile acquisition unit (110) can acquire the battery profile (M) by being connected to the outside via wire and / or wirelessly and receiving the battery profile (M).

[0213] As another example, the profile acquisition unit (110) can receive battery information regarding the voltage and capacity of the battery. Furthermore, the profile acquisition unit (110) can generate a battery profile (M) based on the received battery information. That is, the profile acquisition unit (110) can acquire the battery profile (M) by directly generating the battery profile (M) based on the battery information.

[0214] The profile adjustment step (S200) is a step of adjusting a preset reference positive profile (Rp) and a reference negative profile (Rn) to correspond to a battery profile (M) to generate an adjusted positive profile (Rp') and an adjusted negative profile (Rn'), and can be performed by a profile adjustment unit (120).

[0215] For example, the profile adjustment unit (120) can generate a plurality of comparison profiles by shifting or capacity scaling the reference positive profile (Rp) and the reference negative profile (Rn), and can specify a comparison profile among the plurality of comparison profiles that has the smallest error with the battery profile (M). Then, the profile adjustment unit (120) can determine the adjusted positive profile (Rp') corresponding to the specified comparison profile as the positive profile of the battery. Then, the profile adjustment unit (120) can determine the adjusted negative profile (Rn') corresponding to the specified comparison profile as the negative profile of the battery.

[0216] The diagnostic factor extraction step (S300) is a step of extracting a diagnostic factor for the battery from at least one of the adjusted positive electrode profile (Rp') and the adjusted negative electrode profile (Rn'), and can be performed by the control unit (130).

[0217] For example, the control unit (130) may set a first characteristic value (pi MOL ), second feature value (pf MOL ), the third feature value (ni MOL ), the fourth feature value (nf MOL ), polarity change rate (ps) MOL ) and cathode change rate (ns MOL ) can be extracted as a diagnostic factor.

[0218] The diagnosis step (S400) is a step of diagnosing the status of the battery based on the extracted diagnosis factors, and can be performed by the control unit (130).

[0219] For example, the control unit (130) may determine the available lithium loss rate (Loss) based on the extracted diagnostic factors. Li ), anode loss rate (Loss P ), cathode loss ratio (Loss N ) and capacity loss rate (Loss Q ) can be configured to produce a degradation parameter including at least one of the following:

[0220] In addition, the control unit (130) may be configured to diagnose the state of the battery based on the calculated deterioration parameters. For example, the control unit (130) may diagnose the state of the battery as at least one of an available lithium loss state, a positive electrode loss state, a negative electrode loss state, a capacity loss state, and a normal state.

[0221]

[0222] The embodiments of the present invention described above are not implemented only through devices and methods, but may also be implemented through a program that realizes a function corresponding to the configuration of the embodiments of the present invention or a recording medium on which the program is recorded, and such implementation can be easily implemented by an expert in the technical field to which the present invention belongs based on the description of the embodiments described above.

[0223] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is obvious that various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention and the equivalent scope of the patent claims to be described below by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains.

[0224] In addition, the present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the attached drawings, and all or part of each embodiment may be selectively combined and configured so that various modifications can be made, as those skilled in the art can make various substitutions, modifications, and changes within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention.

[0225]

[0226] (Explanation of symbols)

[0227] 10: Battery pack

[0228] 11: Battery

[0229] 12: Measurement section

[0230] 100: Battery Diagnostic Device

[0231] 110: Profile acquisition section

[0232] 120: Profile Adjustment Section

[0233] 130: Control unit

[0234] 140: Storage

[0235] 600: Car

[0236] 610: Battery Pack

Claims

1. A profile acquisition unit configured to acquire a battery profile indicating a correspondence between the voltage and capacity of the battery; A profile adjustment unit configured to adjust a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile to correspond to the battery profile, thereby generating an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile; and A battery diagnostic device characterized by including a control unit configured to extract a diagnostic factor for the battery from at least one of the above-described adjusted positive electrode profile and the above-described adjusted negative electrode profile, and to diagnose the state of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factor.

2. In paragraph 1, The above control unit, A battery diagnostic device characterized in that it is configured to calculate a deterioration parameter including at least one of an available lithium loss rate, an anode loss rate, an anode loss rate, and a capacity loss rate based on the above-described extracted diagnostic factor, and to diagnose the state of the battery based on the calculated deterioration parameter.

3. In paragraph 2, The above control unit, A battery diagnostic device characterized in that it is configured to determine a first characteristic value from the above-described adjusted positive electrode profile and calculate the available lithium loss rate based on the first characteristic value, a preset first reference characteristic value, and a preset reference difference value.

4. In paragraph 2, The above control unit, A battery diagnosis device characterized in that it is configured to compare the available lithium loss rate with a preset first threshold value and diagnose the state of the battery as an available lithium loss state based on the comparison result.

5. In paragraph 2, The above control unit, A battery diagnostic device characterized in that it is configured to determine a second characteristic value from the above-mentioned adjusted positive electrode profile and calculate the positive electrode loss rate based on the second characteristic value, a preset second reference characteristic value, and a preset reference difference value.

6. In paragraph 2, The above control unit, A battery diagnostic device characterized in that it is configured to calculate the anode change ratio of the above-mentioned adjusted anode profile and to calculate the anode loss rate based on the anode change ratio and a preset reference anode change ratio.

7. In paragraph 2, The above control unit, A battery diagnosis device characterized in that it is configured to compare the above-mentioned positive electrode loss rate with a preset second threshold value and diagnose the state of the battery as a positive electrode loss state based on the comparison result.

8. In paragraph 2, The above control unit, A battery diagnostic device characterized in that it is configured to calculate a negative change ratio of the above-described adjusted negative profile and to calculate the negative loss rate based on the negative change ratio and a preset reference negative change ratio.

9. In paragraph 2, The above control unit, A battery diagnosis device characterized in that it is configured to compare the above-mentioned negative electrode loss rate with a preset third threshold value and diagnose the state of the battery as a negative electrode loss state based on the comparison result.

10. In paragraph 2, The above control unit, A battery diagnostic device characterized in that it is configured to determine a first characteristic value and a second characteristic value from the above-described adjusted bipolar profile, and to calculate the capacity loss rate based on the first characteristic value, the second characteristic value, and a preset reference difference value.

11. In paragraph 2, The above control unit, A battery diagnostic device characterized in that it is configured to determine a third characteristic value and a fourth characteristic value from the above-described adjusted negative profile, and to calculate the capacity loss rate based on the third characteristic value, the fourth characteristic value, and a preset reference difference value.

12. In paragraph 2, The above control unit, A battery diagnosis device characterized in that it is configured to compare the capacity loss rate with a preset fourth threshold value and diagnose the state of the battery as a capacity loss state based on the comparison result.

13. A battery pack comprising a battery diagnostic device according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. A vehicle including a battery diagnostic device according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

15. A profile acquisition step for acquiring a battery profile indicating the correspondence between the voltage and capacity of the battery; A profile adjustment step for generating an adjusted positive electrode profile and an adjusted negative electrode profile by adjusting a preset reference positive electrode profile and a reference negative electrode profile to correspond to the battery profile; A diagnostic factor extraction step for extracting a diagnostic factor for the battery from at least one of the above-described adjusted positive electrode profile and the above-described adjusted negative electrode profile; and A battery diagnosis method, characterized in that it includes a diagnosis step of diagnosing the state of the battery based on the extracted diagnostic factors.

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