Brake device for a mining machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a brake device for a mining machine, comprising at least two brake elements which are fastened in pairs to a brake frame and act at the same time on at least one braking surface, and a brake release apparatus arranged on each brake element, which brake release apparatus generates a force opposite to the braking force in order to release a brake lining of the brake element. So that the brake device can be operated purely electrically, according to the invention the brake release apparatus is based on the principle of the magnetic attraction of different poles of two pairs of magnets. In order to ensure satisfactory operation, in particular uniform attraction of the two pairs of magnets, each brake element has a spring arrangement which is designed to maintain a corresponding air gap between the two magnets of each pair of magnets so that the magnetic forces are distributed uniformly over the two pairs of magnets. Because at least one of the two magnets of each pair of magnets can be energised temporarily and the poles of the two magnets only attract one other in the energised state, the force opposite to the braking force can be generated and controlled electrically in order to release the brake lining.

Description

[0001]Braking device for a mining machine. The invention relates to a braking device for a mining machine, comprising: - at least one braking surface, - at least two braking elements mounted in pairs on a brake frame, which act simultaneously on the braking surface, - a brake release device arranged on each braking element, wherein each braking element generates a braking force acting axially in the direction of the braking surface on a brake pad, and each brake release device generates a force opposing the braking force to release the brake pad. The brake release device has two magnet pairs, each with two magnets, and at least one of the two magnets of each magnet pair is a temporarily energizable electromagnet. Braking devices for mining must, in particular, comply with the specific requirements of the TAS (Technical Requirements for Shaft and Inclined Conveyor Systems) and the BVOS (Mining Ordinance for Shaft and Inclined Conveyor Systems).Braking systems currently in use for mining machinery that meet the aforementioned requirements include electrohydraulic and electropneumatic braking systems. Electromagnetic braking systems are also used, although not in connection with mining machinery. Patent attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann, S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx, November 29, 2024, p. eite 1 von 26Elevator hoists are known, for example, from DE 112013 006 987 T5 and JP 2004-189418 A. Finally, WO 2023 / 169933 A1 discloses a purely electrically operated braking device for a mining machine, comprising at least two brake elements mounted in pairs on a brake frame, which act simultaneously on at least one braking surface, and a brake release device arranged on each brake element, which generates a force opposing the braking force to release a brake lining of the brake element. In order for the braking device to be purely electrically operable, it is proposed that the brake release device be based on the principle of magnetic repulsion of matching poles of at least one pair of magnets.By temporarily energizing at least one of the two magnets and only repelling the poles of the two magnets when energized, the force opposing the braking force for releasing the brake pad can be generated and controlled electrically. The braking device according to the invention requires no pneumatic or hydraulic supply in addition to the electrical control system required anyway. Based on this prior art, the invention is based on the object of creating a braking device for a mining machine of the type mentioned above, which is purely electrically operable, enables higher braking force with matching dimensions, and enables the retrofitting of the braking systems on existing winches and hoisting machines. Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 2 von 26As is common with all braking systems for mining machinery, individual braking elements are mounted in pairs on a braking frame, in particular a brake stand, and act simultaneously and in opposite directions on a braking surface, in particular a brake disc. This design allows for easy adaptation of the braking elements to the brake disc diameter required for the respective winch or hoisting machine. The object of the invention is achieved by a braking system having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the features of the subclaims.The brake release device of the braking system for a mining machine of the type mentioned above has two magnet pairs (6, 7), each with two magnets, wherein - different poles of the two magnets of each magnet pair face each other, - two magnets of the two magnet pairs form a double magnet and different poles of the two magnets of the double magnet face each other, and - at least one of the two magnets of each magnet pair is a temporarily energizable electromagnet, wherein, when energized, the poles of the two magnets of each magnet pair attract each other and thereby generate the force opposing the braking force for releasing the brake pad. The brake release device according to the invention is based on the principle of magnetic attraction between the different poles. Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 3 von 26of each magnet pair as well as the mutually facing poles of the two magnets of the double magnet. A higher braking force is made possible because the attraction between unlike poles is stronger than the repulsion of like-pole magnets. According to the invention, a total of four magnets act in the same direction, with different poles facing each other between all magnets. This makes the interacting magnets in the stack stronger overall and can generate a greater force, opposing the braking force, to release the brake pad than is possible with magnetic repulsion for a stack of the same height. In addition, when force is generated based on magnetic repulsion, different poles of the two magnets of the double magnet face each other, thus exerting no repulsive effect and thus not contributing to generating the force, opposing the braking force, to release the brake pad.By having at least one of the two magnets of each magnet pair be a temporarily energizable electromagnet, and the poles of the two magnets of each magnet pair attract each other only when energized, the force opposing the braking force for releasing the brake pad can be generated and controlled electrically. The braking device according to the invention requires no pneumatic or hydraulic supply in addition to the electrical control system required anyway. To ensure proper operation, in particular a uniform attraction of the two magnet pairs, each brake element has a spring arrangement. Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 4 von 26designed to maintain a consistent air gap between the two magnets of each magnet pair so that the magnetic forces are evenly distributed between the two magnet pairs. In principle, it is sufficient for each magnet pair to have a temporarily energizable electromagnet and a permanent magnet. If permanent magnets are provided, these preferably form the double magnet. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, all magnets are designed as electromagnets. The electromagnets can be energized with direct or alternating voltage. All electromagnets are preferably designed as so-called magnetic coils, i.e., without moving armatures or other actuating means. The magnetic coil comprises a coil body and a coil in which a magnetic field is formed as a result of an electric current. The coil body is preferably made of a metallic material.A structurally advantageous embodiment of a braking element of the braking device is characterized by the following features: - The magnets are arranged in a first housing of the braking element, which is fixed to the frame. The first housing, which is fixed to the frame, has, in particular, the shape of a circular cylinder, whose longitudinal axis coincides with the direction of the braking force. Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 5 von 26- A spring assembly generates the braking force acting axially in the direction of the braking surface on the brake pad. The spring assembly preferably comprises at least one compression spring. - The spring assembly is arranged in a second housing of the brake element, fixed to the frame and separate from the first housing. The interior of the second housing, fixed to the frame, is preferably circular-cylindrical and open at the outer end. The longitudinal axis of the circular-cylindrical interior coincides with the direction of the braking force. - The spring assembly acts on a brake pad carrier, which is movable axially relative to the second housing, fixed to the frame, in the direction of the braking surface and in the opposite direction.The brake pad carrier is arranged on the outer, open end face of the second housing, which is fixed to the frame; it essentially consists of a support plate for the brake pad and a circumferential, circular-cylindrical edge that extends from the side of the support plate opposite the brake pad and is guided in a sliding manner along the circular-cylindrical inner wall of the second housing, which is fixed to the frame. The first housing, which is fixed to the frame, and the second housing, which is fixed to the frame, have a common housing wall designed as a flange with a passage. The flange is expediently arranged on the lower end face opening of the circular-cylindrical first housing. Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 6 von 26The fastening can be materially and / or positively connected. A pull rod extends in the axial direction from the brake pad carrier through the passage at least as far as the magnet forming an upper end of the first housing fixed to the frame, said magnet being firmly connected to the first housing fixed to the frame. The fastening can be materially and / or positively connected. The pull rod can have a constant or stepped, preferably cylindrical cross-section. The pull rod can be provided with an external thread in sections. The magnet arranged in the first housing fixed to the frame adjacent to the flange is movable in the axial direction, i.e., towards the braking surface, and in the opposite direction, wherein the force for releasing the brake pad is transmitted via the pull rod, which is firmly connected to the brake pad carrier on the one hand and to the movable magnet on the other.- The double magnet is arranged axially displaceably along the pull rod. For this purpose, the double magnet preferably has a central passage, the dimensions of which allow the double magnet to move smoothly along the pull rod. As is common with braking systems for mining machinery, the braking force acting axially toward the braking surface is generated by a spring assembly. By means of the ventilation device, Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 7 von 26The braking force is temporarily reduced or completely eliminated, and the brake disc is released. To do this, the electromagnets of each pair of magnets are energized, attracting the opposite poles of the two magnets in each pair. This reduction in distance between the two magnets in each pair of magnets causes a force to be introduced into the pull rod via the axially movable double magnet and the movable magnet arranged adjacent to the housing wall. This force acts counter to the braking force acting axially in the direction of the braking surface. Since the pull rod is connected to the brake pad carrier, the braking force on the brake pad is reduced or completely eliminated by the energization.To adjust the maximum braking force, each braking element is designed in an advantageous embodiment of the invention such that: - the pull rod extends axially movably through the magnet forming the upper end of the first housing fixed to the frame; - the pull rod has an external thread at least on a section projecting beyond the upper end, onto which an adjusting nut is screwed, configured to adjust the preload in the spring assembly via the pull rod when the magnet is not energized. Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 8 von 26In one embodiment of the invention, a spring arrangement arranged partially outside the first frame-fixed housing comprises the following: - A driver attached to the double magnet, having a first support surface and a second support surface opposite the first support surface. The support surfaces are preferably designed as flat surfaces arranged parallel to one another. - An opening, for example in the form of a longitudinal slot in the first frame-fixed housing, through which the driver extends outwardly, wherein the dimensions and arrangement of the longitudinal slot are determined such that the driver does not impair the displaceability of the double magnet in the axial direction along the pull rod. The support surfaces of the driver are located outside the first frame-fixed housing.- Two compression springs acting in the axial direction, each of the two compression springs being supported on the one hand on the outside of the first housing fixed to the frame and on the other hand on the opposite support surfaces of the driver. For external support on the first housing fixed to the frame, brackets can be attached to its outer surface. To prevent buckling of the cylindrical compression springs, a guide rod can be arranged in the axial direction between the brackets, with the compression springs surrounding the guide rod. The driver has a passage between the support surfaces for the [Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann] S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 9 von 26Guide rod and is movable in both directions along the stationary guide rod together with the coupled double magnet, so that either one or the other compression spring is compressed. In another embodiment of the invention, the spring arrangement can also be completely accommodated in the first frame-fixed housing by inserting aligned blind holes into the mutually facing surfaces of the magnet bodies of the two magnets of each magnet pair, with two aligned blind holes each accommodating a compression spring. The length of the compression spring(s) is determined such that a matching air gap is maintained between the two magnets of each magnet pair when the at least one temporarily energizable electromagnet of each magnet pair is not energized.In a further embodiment of the brake element with the features of claim 6, a spring element can be arranged inside and outside the first housing fixed to the frame. In this case, the spring arrangement comprises a driver attached to the double magnet with only one support surface used to support only one compression spring arranged outside the housing. Within the first housing fixed to the frame, a sleeve is arranged axially acting in the opposite direction of force to the one compression spring. This sleeve surrounds the tension rod and is supported on the one hand by the adjusting nut and on the other hand by the double magnet. The spring element, which is already present in the upper housing, supports the housing. Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 10 von 26The passage present between the magnet and the closing magnet is larger in cross-section than the passage in the double magnet arranged underneath, in order to accommodate not only the pull rod, but also the pull rod with the sleeve surrounding it in an axially movable manner. The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 shows a schematic side view of a braking device according to the invention, Figure 2 shows a representation of a braking element of the braking device according to Figure 1, wherein Figure 2a shows the supported braking element and Figure 2b shows the released braking element, Figure 3 shows a representation of a second embodiment of a braking element, wherein Figure 3a shows the supported braking element and Figure 3b shows the released braking element. Figure 1 shows a braking device (1) according to the invention, which has at least one braking surface (2) in the form of a brake disc, and two braking elements (3) fastened in pairs to a brake frame (not shown), which act simultaneously on the brake disc.A ventilation device (4) is arranged on each brake element (3), which generates a force opposing the braking force acting in the axial direction of the braking surface (2) to ventilate a brake pad (5). Both the direction of the [Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann] S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 11 von 26Both the braking force and the opposite direction of the force for release run parallel to a longitudinal axis (12) of the braking element (3). The release device (4) of each braking element (3) has two magnet pairs (6, 7), each with two magnets (6.1, 6.2) or (7.1, 7.2), as can be seen from Figures 2a, 2b). In the illustrated embodiment, each magnet (6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2) is designed as a magnetic coil. Each magnet (6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2) has two opposite poles: one pole (9), the north pole, and one pole (8), the south pole. Different poles (8, 9) of the first magnet pair (6.1, 6.2) and different poles (8, 9) of the second magnet pair (7.1, 7.2) face each other. The magnets (6.2, 7.1) of the two magnet pairs (6, 7) form a double magnet, with different poles (8, 9) of the two magnets (6.2, 7.1) of the double magnet facing each other. The magnets (6.2, 7.1) combined in the double magnet form a single structural unit.As can be seen in particular from Figures 2a and 2b), the magnets (6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2) of both magnet pairs (6, 7) are arranged in a first housing (10) of the braking element (3) that is fixed to the frame. To ensure proper operation, in particular a uniform attraction of the two magnet pairs (6, 7), each braking element (3) has a spring arrangement (22) designed to form a spring between the two magnets (6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2) of each magnet pair (6, 7). Patent attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 12 von 26to maintain a matching air gap (23). This ensures that the magnetic forces are distributed evenly between the two magnet pairs (6, 7). The first housing (10) fixed to the frame is followed by a second housing (13) fixed to the frame, in which a spring assembly (14) is arranged, which generates the braking force on the brake pad (5) acting axially in the direction (21) of the braking surface. The spring assembly (14) acts on a brake pad carrier (17), which is movable axially in the direction (21) of the braking surface (2) and in the opposite direction relative to the second housing (13) fixed to the frame. It can be seen from Figures 2a), 2b) that the movement of the brake pad carrier (17) in the second housing (13) is guided by the circumferential edge (17.1) extending in the axial direction. The first frame-fixed housing (10) and the second frame-fixed housing (13) are separated by a flange (15) with a passage (19).The flange (15) is attached to the inner surface of the first housing (10) and simultaneously forms the abutment for the spring assembly (14) in the second housing (13) fixed to the frame. A stepped tie rod (18) extends axially from the brake pad carrier (17) through the passage (19) in the flange (15) and the passages in the magnets (6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2) aligned with the passage (19). The magnet (7.2), arranged adjacent to the flange (15) in the first housing (10) fixed to the frame, is arranged to be movable axially in the housing (10). Patent attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 13 von 26Magnet (7.2) rests against the flange (15) when de-energized. The force for releasing the brake pad (5) is transmitted via the pull rod (18), which is firmly connected to the brake pad carrier (17) on the one hand and to the movable magnet (7.2) on the other. The fixed connection is in particular a materially bonded or force-fit connection between the pull rod (18) and the passage in the movable magnet (7.2). The double magnet (6.2, 7.1) is arranged axially displaceably along the pull rod (18) and within the first housing (10) fixed to the frame. The passage in the double magnet (6.2, 7.1) and the pull rod (18) form a sliding guide for the double magnet (6.2, 7.1). The magnet (6.1) forming the upper end of the first frame-fixed housing (10) is attached to the first frame-fixed housing (10). The pull rod (18) extends axially movable through the stationary upper magnet (6.1). The attachment of the upper magnet (6.1) on the inner wall of the first housing (10) fixed to the frame can be positively and / or non-positively connected. The fastening must at least prevent movement of the upper magnet (6.1) relative to the first housing (10) in the direction (21) of the braking surface (2). The pull rod (18) has an external thread on a section projecting beyond the upper end, onto which an adjusting nut (20) is screwed in order to change the preload in the spring assembly (14) via the pull rod (18) when the ventilation device (4) is inactive, i.e., when the magnets are de-energized. The adjusting nut (20) is therefore only available to patent attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 14 von 26applied brake. By adjusting the preload, the maximum braking force exerted by the brake pad (5) on the braking surface (2) can be set. By increasing the preload, the brake pad carrier (17) with the brake pad (5) is moved somewhat further into the second housing (13) fixed to the frame, thereby reducing the maximum braking force. The exemplary embodiments according to Figures 2 and 3 differ only with regard to the spring arrangement (22), which is described in detail below. Furthermore, with regard to the details of the braking element according to Figures 3a), 3b), reference is made in full to the explanations regarding the braking element according to Figures 2a) 2b). Components with the same function are provided with the same reference numerals.The spring arrangement (22) of the braking element (3) according to Figure 2 has a driver (22.1) fastened to the double magnet (6.2, 7.1) with a first support surface (22.2) and a second support surface (22.2) opposite support surface (22.3). The preferably flat support surfaces (22.2, 22.3) are located at a parallel distance from one another on opposite sides of the driver (22.1). An opening, in particular a longitudinal slot, is provided in the first housing (10) fixed to the frame, through which the driver (22.1) extends outward with the support surfaces (22.1, 22.2). The dimensions and arrangement of the longitudinal slot are determined such that the driver (22.1) does not impair the displaceability of the double magnet (6.2, 7.1) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (12) of the braking element along the pull rod (18). Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 15 von 26In addition, the spring arrangement (22) has two compression springs (22.4, 22.5) acting in the axial direction. Each of the two compression springs is supported on one side by one of two brackets (22.6, 22.7) arranged on the outer surface of the first housing (10) fixed to the frame, and on the other side by one of the two opposite support surfaces (22.2, 22.3) of the driver. The spring arrangement (22) of the braking element (3) according to Figures 3a), 3b) has a driver (22.1) attached to the double magnet (6.2, 7.1) with only one effective first support surface (22.2). An opening, in particular a longitudinal slot, is provided in the first housing (10) fixed to the frame, through which the driver (22.1) extends outwards. However, only one compression spring (22.4) acts on the driver (21), which is supported on the bracket (22.6) fixed to the housing on the one hand and on the support surface (22.2) of the driver (22.1) on the other hand. The direction of force of the compression spring (22.4) corresponds to the direction of force for releasing the brake pad (5). In the opposite direction of force to the compression spring, i.e., in the direction of the braking force, a sleeve (24) surrounds the pull rod (18), whereby the sleeve (24) is supported on the one hand on the adjusting nut (20) and on the other hand on the double magnet (6.2, 7.1). The passage in the upper magnet (6.1) is larger in cross-section than the passage in the double magnet (6.2, 7.1) arranged below it, in order to accommodate not only the pull rod (18), but also the pull rod (18) with the sleeve (24) surrounding it in an axially movable manner. Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 16 von 26The operation of the brake according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to Figures 2a and 2b. Figure 2a shows the braking device (1) with the de-energized magnets (6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2) of the brake release device (4). The spring assembly (14) is retracted, and the brake pad carrier (17) with the attached brake pad (5) rests on the braking surface (2) or brake disc (not shown). If all magnets (6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2) of the two magnet pairs (6, 7) are now energized, the magnets (6.1, 6.2) of the magnet pair (6) and the magnets (7.1, 7.2) of the magnet pair (7) attract each other, so that the air gap (23) between the different poles (8) or (9) is reduced or closed, as shown in Figure 2b). When the air gap (23) is completely closed, the lower magnet (7.2) resting on the flange in Figure 2a) moves upwards by the distance "X" into the higher position shown in Figure 2b).2) is connected to the brake pad carrier (17) via the tie rod (18), the brake pad (5) attached to the brake pad carrier (17) is simultaneously lifted from the braking surface (2), thereby completely releasing the brake. In order to reduce the braking force in a controlled manner, it is advantageous to set an air gap of the same size between the two magnet pairs (6, 7) while releasing the brake. For this purpose, the size of the air gap between the two magnet pairs (6, 7) can be continuously monitored using sensors not shown in the figures. A control system for the current supply of the patent attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 17 von 26Electromagnets alter the magnetic forces acting between the poles (8, 9) of the two magnet pairs (6, 7), taking into account the sensor signals, such that the air gap between the two magnet pairs is consistent. If the current supply to the magnets (6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2) of the two magnet pairs (6, 7) is interrupted, the released brake returns to its resting position according to Figure 2a) under the action of the spring assembly (14), so that the maximum braking force acts on the braking surface (2). Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 S eite 18 von 26 List of reference symbols Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx 29 November 2024 S eite 19 von 26

Claims

Patent claims1. Braking device (1) for a mining machine, comprising - at least one braking surface (2), - at least two braking elements (3) fastened in pairs to a brake frame, which act simultaneously on the braking surface (2), - a ventilation device (4) arranged on each braking element (3), wherein each braking element (3) generates a braking force acting axially in the direction (21) of the braking surface (2) on a brake pad (5) and each ventilation device (4) generates a force opposite to the braking force for ventilation of the brake pad (5), wherein - the ventilation device (4) has two magnet pairs (6, 7) each with two magnets (6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2), wherein - different poles (8, 9) of the two magnets (6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2) of each magnet pair (6, 7) face each other, - two magnets (6.2, 7.1) of the two magnet pairs (6, 7) form a double magnet and different poles (8,9) of the two magnets (6.2,7.1) of the double magnet face each other, -at least one of the two magnets (6.1,6.2,7.1,7.2) of each magnet pair (6,7) is a temporarily energizable electromagnet, wherein in the energized state the poles (8,9) of the two magnets (6.1,6.2,7.1,7.2) of each magnet pair attract each other and thereby the patent attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx 29 November 2024 p. eite 20 von 26 generate a force opposing the braking force to release the brake pad (5), - a spring arrangement (22) arranged on the braking device, designed to maintain a matching air gap between the two magnets (6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2) of each magnet pair.

2. Braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the double magnet is a permanent magnet.

3. Braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that all magnets (6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2) are electromagnets.

4. Braking device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that all electromagnets are designed as magnetic coils.

5. Braking device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that - the magnets (6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2) are arranged in a first housing (10) of the brake element (3) which is fixed to the frame, - a spring assembly (14) generates a braking force acting axially in the direction (21) of the braking surface (2) on the brake pad (5), - the spring assembly (14) is arranged in a second housing (13) of the brake element (3) which is fixed to the frame, Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 21 von 26- the spring assembly (14) acts on a brake pad carrier (17) which is movable axially in the direction (21) of the braking surface (2) and in the opposite direction relative to the second housing (13) fixed to the frame, - the first housing (10) fixed to the frame and the second housing (13) fixed to the frame have a common housing wall designed as a flange (15) with a passage (19), - a pull rod (18) extends from the brake pad carrier (17) through the passage (19) at least as far as the magnet (6.1) forming an upper end of the first housing (10) fixed to the frame, said magnet (6.1) forming the upper end being fixedly connected to the first housing (10) fixed to the frame, - the magnet (7.1) arranged in the first housing (10) fixed to the frame adjacent to the flange (15)2) is movable in the direction (21) of the braking surface (2) and in the opposite direction, wherein the force for releasing the brake pad (5) is transmitted via the pull rod (18), which is firmly connected to the brake pad carrier (17) on the one hand and to the movable magnet (7.2) on the other hand, and - the double magnet is arranged so as to be axially displaceable in the direction (21) of the braking surface (2) and in the opposite direction along the pull rod (18).Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 22 von 266. Braking device according to claim 5, characterized in that - the pull rod (18) extends axially movably through the magnet (6.1) forming the upper end of the first housing (10) fixed to the frame, - the pull rod (18) has an external thread at least on a section projecting beyond the upper end, onto which an adjusting nut (20) is screwed, designed to adjust the preload in the spring assembly (14) via the pull rod (18).

7. Braking device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the spring arrangement (22) comprises the following: - a driver (22.1) fastened to the double magnet and having a first support surface (22.2) and a second support surface (22.3) opposite the first support surface (22.2), - an opening in the first housing (10) fixed to the frame, through which the driver (22.1) with the support surfaces (22.2, 22.3) extend outwards, wherein the dimensions and arrangement of the opening in the first frame-fixed housing (10) are determined such that the driver (22.1) does not impair the displaceability of the double magnet along the pull rod (18). Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 p. eite 23 von 26- two compression springs (22.4, 22.5) acting in the direction of the longitudinal axis (12) of the braking element (3), each of the two compression springs being supported on the one hand on the outside of the first housing (10) fixed to the frame and on the other hand on one of the two opposite support surfaces (22.2, 22.3) of the driver (22.1).

8. Braking device according to claim 6, characterized in that the spring arrangement (22) comprises the following: - a driver (22.1) fastened to the double magnet and having a first support surface (22.2), - an opening in the first housing (10) fixed to the frame, through which the driver (22.1) extends outwards with the first support surface (22.2), wherein the dimensions and the arrangement of the opening in the first housing (10) fixed to the frame are determined such that the driver (22.1) does not impair the displaceability of the double magnet along the pull rod (18), - a compression spring (22.4) acting in the axial direction, wherein the compression spring (22.4) on the one hand, externally supported on the first frame-fixed housing (10) and, on the other hand, on the first support surface (22.2) of the driver (22.1), Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx 29 November 2024 p. eite 24 von 26 - a sleeve (24) surrounding the pull rod (18) and supported on the one hand by the adjusting nut (20) and on the other hand by the double magnet. Patent Attorney Dipl.-Ing. Kai Kohlmann S:\Mandanten\OLKO\22234-02\anm 02.docx November 29, 2024 S eite 25 von 26

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