Failure determination method and apparatus and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a failure determination method and apparatus and a storage medium. The method comprises: on the basis of first information, determining that the execution of a first Ambient Internet of Things (IoT) command has failed. In the present disclosure, on the basis of the first information, a first node can determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed, improving the execution reliability of an Ambient IoT command, and also improving the security performance of an Ambient IoT system to have high availability.

Description

Failure determination method, device, and storage medium Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a failure determination method and device, and a storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In IoT networks, traditional IoT devices are typically powered by conventional batteries with limited lifespans. To improve network performance and sustainability, the Ambient Internet of Things (Ambient IoT), also known as the Battery-Free IoT, has been proposed.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the availability of A-IoT technology, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a failure determination method and device, and a storage medium.

[0005] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a failure determination method is provided. The method is performed by a first node and includes:

[0006] Based on the first information, it is determined that execution of the first passive Internet of Things Ambient IoT command fails.

[0007] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a failure determination method is provided. The method is performed by an Ambient IoT device, comprising:

[0008] The first Ambient IoT command fails to be executed, and first information is sent to the first node, where the first information is used by the first node to determine that the first Ambient IoT command fails to be executed.

[0009] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a failure determination method is provided. The method is performed by a second node and includes:

[0010] First information is sent to the first node, where the first information is used by the first node to determine that execution of a first passive Internet of Things Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0011] According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a first node, including:

[0012] The processing module is configured to determine, based on the first information, that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

[0013] According to a fifth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, an Ambient IoT device is provided, including:

[0014] The transceiver module is configured to send first information to a first node when the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, where the first information is used by the first node to determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

[0015] According to a sixth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a second node is provided, including:

[0016] The transceiver module is configured to send first information to the first node, where the first information is used by the first node to determine that the execution of the first passive Internet of Things Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0017] According to a seventh aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a first node, including:

[0018] one or more processors;

[0019] The processor is configured to execute the failure determination method according to any one of the first aspects.

[0020] According to an eighth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, an Ambient IoT device is provided, including:

[0021] one or more processors;

[0022] The processor is used to execute the failure determination method described in any one of the second aspects.

[0023] According to a ninth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a second node is provided, including:

[0024] one or more processors;

[0025] Wherein, the processor is used to execute the failure determination method described in any one of the third aspects.

[0026] According to a tenth aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a communication system, including:

[0027] A first node, the first node being configured to implement the failure determination method according to any one of the first aspects;

[0028] An Ambient IoT device, wherein the Ambient IoT device is configured to implement the failure determination method according to any one of the second aspects;

[0029] The second node is configured to implement the failure determination method described in any one of the third aspects.

[0030] According to an eleventh aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a storage medium is provided, which stores instructions. When the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device executes the failure determination method as described in any one of the first aspect, the second aspect or the third aspect.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node can determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails based on the first information, thereby improving the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command and also improving the security performance of the Ambient IoT system, thereby increasing the availability.

[0032] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0034] FIG1A is an exemplary schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] FIG1B is a schematic diagram of an exemplary scenario of backscatter communication provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0036] FIG1C is a schematic diagram of an exemplary topological structure of Ambient IoT provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] FIG2A is an exemplary interactive diagram of a failure determination method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] FIG2B is an exemplary interactive diagram of a failure determination method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] FIG3A is an exemplary interactive diagram of a failure determination method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] FIG3B is an exemplary interactive diagram of a failure determination method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] FIG3C is an exemplary interactive diagram of a failure determination method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] FIG3D is an exemplary interactive diagram of a failure determination method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] FIG3E is an exemplary interactive diagram of a failure determination method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] FIG3F is an exemplary interactive diagram of a failure determination method provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] FIG4A is an exemplary block diagram of a first node provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] FIG4B is an exemplary block diagram of an Ambient IoT device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] FIG4C is an exemplary block diagram of a second node provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] FIG5A is a schematic diagram of an exemplary interaction of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] FIG5B is an exemplary interaction diagram of a chip provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, like numbers in different figures represent like or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all possible embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present invention, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0051] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a failure determination method, device, and storage medium.

[0052] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a failure determination method, which is executed by a first node and includes:

[0053] Based on the first information, it is determined that execution of the first passive Internet of Things Ambient IoT command fails.

[0054] In the above embodiment, the first node can determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed based on the first information, thereby improving the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command and also improving the security performance of the Ambient IoT system, thereby increasing the availability.

[0055] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first node is any one of the following:

[0056] An intermediate node, located between the access network node and the Ambient IoT device;

[0057] Access network node;

[0058] Ambient IoT server;

[0059] Core network functional nodes;

[0060] A functional node that sends the first Ambient IoT command.

[0061] In the above embodiment, in the Ambient IoT system, the first node may determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed, thereby improving the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command.

[0062] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is first time information, and the first time information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0063] First moment;

[0064] the second and third moments;

[0065] First duration.

[0066] In the above embodiment, the first information may be first time information, which may be used to indicate one of the above indications. The first node may determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed based on the first time information, thereby improving the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command.

[0067] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes at least one of the following:

[0068] Determining the first time information based on a predefined rule;

[0069] Receive the first time information sent by the second node.

[0070] In the above embodiment, the first time information may be determined by the first node based on a predefined rule, or may be configured by the second node, which is simple to implement and has high availability.

[0071] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the second node is at least one of the following:

[0072] An intermediate node, located between the access network node and the Ambient IoT device;

[0073] Access network node;

[0074] Ambient IoT server;

[0075] Core network functional nodes;

[0076] A functional node that sends the first Ambient IoT command.

[0077] In the above embodiment, the second node may be at least one of the above items, so that the first time information can be configured for the first node to improve the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command.

[0078] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining, based on the first information, that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails includes any one of the following:

[0079] If no response message sent by the Ambient IoT device is received before the first moment, it is determined that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed, and the response message is used to respond to the first Ambient IoT command;

[0080] If no response message is received from the Ambient IoT device within a first time period, it is determined that execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed, where the first time period is from the second moment to the third moment, and the response message is used to respond to the first Ambient IoT command;

[0081] If no response message is received from the Ambient IoT device within a second time period starting from sending the first Ambient IoT command, it is determined that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed. The duration of the second time period is equal to the first time period, and the response message is used to respond to the first Ambient IoT command.

[0082] In the above embodiment, the first node can determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed when it does not receive a response message sent by the Ambient IoT device before the first moment, within the first time period, or within the second time period. This improves the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command, avoids the impact of the first node continuously waiting for the response message on the business, and has high availability.

[0083] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first time information is associated with at least one of the following:

[0084] Ambient IoT devices;

[0085] The type of the first Ambient IoT command.

[0086] In the above embodiment, the first time information can be associated with at least one of the Ambient IoT device and the type of the first Ambient IoT command, thereby improving the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command and also improving the security performance of the Ambient IoT system, thereby increasing the availability.

[0087] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0088] Receive the first information sent by the Ambient IoT device.

[0089] In the above embodiment, the Ambient IoT device may send the first information so that the first node can determine, based on the first information, that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed, thereby improving the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command and also improving the security performance of the Ambient IoT system, thereby increasing the availability.

[0090] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0091] Failure indication information;

[0092] Indication of the reason for failure;

[0093] Failed command information;

[0094] Ambient IoT device information.

[0095] In the above embodiment, the first node can determine, based on the received first information, that the first Ambient IoT command failed to execute, the reason for the failure, relevant information of the failed first Ambient IoT command, and / or relevant information of the Ambient IoT device that failed to execute the first Ambient IoT command, thereby improving the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command and providing high availability.

[0096] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the failure cause includes at least one of the following:

[0097] The first Ambient IoT command cannot be recognized;

[0098] The execution of the first Ambient IoT command is interrupted;

[0099] The memory space is full;

[0100] The memory space is locked;

[0101] The cyclic redundancy check (CRC) failed.

[0102] In the above embodiment, the failure cause may include but is not limited to at least one of the above items, thereby improving the reliability of Ambient IoT command execution.

[0103] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the failed command information includes at least one of the following:

[0104] identification information of the first Ambient IoT command;

[0105] Type information of the first Ambient IoT command.

[0106] In the above embodiment, the failure command information may include but is not limited to at least one of the above items, so that the first node can perform subsequent failure processing, thereby improving the reliability of Ambient IoT command execution.

[0107] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the Ambient IoT device information includes at least one of the following:

[0108] Identification information of Ambient IoT devices;

[0109] Status information of ambient IoT devices.

[0110] In the above embodiment, the Ambient IoT device information may include but is not limited to at least one of the above items, so that the first node can clearly identify the Ambient IoT device that failed to execute the Ambient IoT command, thereby improving the security performance of the Ambient IoT system.

[0111] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0112] Receive capability indication information sent by the Ambient IoT device, where the capability indication information is used to indicate whether the Ambient IoT device has the capability to send the first information.

[0113] In the above embodiment, the Ambient IoT device can send capability indication information to the first node, informing the first node whether the Ambient IoT device has the capability to send the first message. The first node can determine whether it will receive the first message sent by the Ambient IoT device based on the capability indication information, thereby achieving high availability.

[0114] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0115] Execution failure processing.

[0116] In the above embodiment, when the first node determines that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, it can perform failure processing, thereby improving the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command and also improving the security performance of the Ambient IoT system, thereby increasing the availability.

[0117] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the execution failure processing includes at least one of the following:

[0118] Sending the first Ambient IoT command to the Ambient IoT device;

[0119] Sending the first Ambient IoT command to the Ambient IoT device is canceled.

[0120] In the above embodiment, the first node can execute at least one of the above items, thereby improving the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command and achieving high availability.

[0121] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a failure determination method, which is performed by an Ambient IoT device and includes:

[0122] The first Ambient IoT command fails to be executed, and first information is sent to the first node, where the first information is used by the first node to determine that the first Ambient IoT command fails to be executed.

[0123] In the above embodiment, when the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, the Ambient IoT device can send a first message to the first node so that the first node can determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed. This improves the reliability of the Ambient IoT command execution and also improves the security performance of the Ambient IoT system, thereby increasing the availability.

[0124] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first node is any one of the following:

[0125] An intermediate node, located between the access network node and the Ambient IoT device;

[0126] Access network node;

[0127] Ambient IoT server;

[0128] Core network functional nodes;

[0129] A functional node that sends the first Ambient IoT command.

[0130] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first Ambient IoT command fails to execute, and sending first information to the first node includes at least one of the following:

[0131] The first Ambient IoT command is an Ambient IoT command for the Ambient IoT device, and execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, and the first information is sent to the first node;

[0132] The Ambient IoT device is in a first state, and execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, and the first information is sent to the first node.

[0133] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0134] Failure indication information;

[0135] Indication of the reason for failure;

[0136] Failed command information;

[0137] Ambient IoT device information.

[0138] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the failure cause includes at least one of the following:

[0139] The first Ambient IoT command cannot be recognized;

[0140] The execution of the first Ambient IoT command is interrupted;

[0141] The memory space is full;

[0142] The memory space is locked;

[0143] The cyclic redundancy check (CRC) failed.

[0144] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the failed command information includes at least one of the following:

[0145] identification information of the first Ambient IoT command;

[0146] Type information of the first Ambient IoT command.

[0147] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the Ambient IoT device information includes at least one of the following:

[0148] Identification information of Ambient IoT devices;

[0149] Status information of ambient IoT devices.

[0150] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0151] Send capability indication information to the first node, where the capability indication information is used to indicate whether the Ambient IoT device has the capability to send the first information.

[0152] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0153] Receive the first Ambient IoT command sent by the first node.

[0154] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a failure determination method, which is executed by a second node and includes:

[0155] First information is sent to the first node, where the first information is used by the first node to determine that execution of a first passive Internet of Things Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0156] In the above embodiment, the second node can send the first information to the first node, so that the first node can determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed based on the first information. This improves the reliability of the Ambient IoT command execution and also improves the security performance of the Ambient IoT system, thereby increasing the availability.

[0157] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first information is first time information, and the first time information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0158] First moment;

[0159] the second and third moments;

[0160] First duration.

[0161] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the first node is any one of the following:

[0162] An intermediate node, located between the access network node and the Ambient IoT device;

[0163] Access network node;

[0164] Ambient IoT server;

[0165] Core network functional nodes;

[0166] A functional node that sends the first Ambient IoT command.

[0167] In conjunction with some embodiments of the third aspect, in some embodiments, the second node is at least one of the following:

[0168] An intermediate node, located between the access network node and the Ambient IoT device;

[0169] Access network node;

[0170] Ambient IoT server;

[0171] Core network functional nodes;

[0172] A functional node that sends the first Ambient IoT command.

[0173] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a first node, including:

[0174] The processing module is configured to determine, based on the first information, that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

[0175] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an Ambient IoT device, including:

[0176] The transceiver module is configured to send first information to a first node when the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, where the first information is used by the first node to determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

[0177] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a second node, including:

[0178] The transceiver module is configured to send first information to the first node, where the first information is used by the first node to determine that the execution of the first passive Internet of Things Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0179] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a first node, including:

[0180] one or more processors;

[0181] The processor is configured to execute the failure determination method according to any one of the first aspects.

[0182] In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an Ambient IoT device, including:

[0183] one or more processors;

[0184] The processor is used to execute the failure determination method described in any one of the second aspects.

[0185] In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a second node, including:

[0186] one or more processors;

[0187] Wherein, the processor is used to execute the failure determination method described in any one of the third aspects.

[0188] In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication system, including:

[0189] A first node, the first node being configured to implement the failure determination method according to any one of the first aspects;

[0190] An Ambient IoT device, wherein the Ambient IoT device is configured to implement the failure determination method according to any one of the second aspects;

[0191] The second node is configured to implement the failure determination method described in any one of the third aspects.

[0192] In the eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a storage medium, which stores instructions. When the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device executes the failure determination method as described in any one of the first aspect, the second aspect or the third aspect.

[0193] It is understandable that the first node, Ambient IoT device, second node, communication system, and storage medium are all used to perform the method proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding method and will not be repeated here.

[0194] The present disclosure provides a failure determination method, apparatus, and storage medium. In some embodiments, the terms "failure determination method" and "information processing method" and "communication method" are interchangeable; "failure determination apparatus" and "information processing apparatus" and "communication apparatus" are interchangeable; and "information processing system" and "communication system" are interchangeable.

[0195] The embodiments of the present disclosure are not exhaustive and are merely illustrative of some embodiments, and are not intended to be a specific limitation on the scope of protection of the present disclosure. In the absence of contradiction, each step in a certain embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a certain embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily exchanged. In addition, the optional implementation methods in a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; in addition, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined. For example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0196] In each embodiment of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified or provided for by logic, the terms and / or descriptions between the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form a new embodiment based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0197] The terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0198] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, elements expressed in the singular, such as "a", "an", "the", "above", "the", "the", etc., may mean "one and only one", or "one or more", "at least one", etc. For example, when articles such as "a", "an", "the" in English are used in translation, the noun following the article may be understood as a singular expression or a plural expression.

[0199] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, “plurality” refers to two or more.

[0200] In some embodiments, the terms "at least one," "one or more," "a plurality of," "multiple," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0201] In some embodiments, descriptions such as "at least one of A and B," "A and / or B," "A in one case, B in another case," or "in response to one case A, in response to another case B" may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed independently of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed independently of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); and in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The above is also applicable when there are more branches such as A, B, and C.

[0202] In some embodiments, "A or B" and other descriptions may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed independently of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed independently of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The above is also applicable when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0203] The prefixes such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only used to distinguish different description objects and do not constitute any restriction on the position, order, priority, quantity or content of the description objects. For the statement of the description object, please refer to the description in the context of the claims or embodiments, and no unnecessary restriction should be constituted due to the use of prefixes. For example, if the description object is a "field", the ordinal number before the "field" in the "first field" and the "second field" does not limit the position or order between the "fields". "First" and "second" do not limit whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they limit the order of the "first field" and the "second field". For another example, if the description object is a "level", the ordinal number before the "level" in the "first level" and the "second level" does not limit the priority between the "levels". For another example, the number of description objects is not limited by the ordinal number and can be one or more. Taking "first device" as an example, the number of "devices" can be one or more. In addition, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the description object is "device", then the "first device" and the "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different; for another example, if the description object is "information", then the "first information" and the "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their contents can be the same or different.

[0204] In some embodiments, “including A,” “comprising A,” “used to indicate A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0205] In some embodiments, devices and equipment can be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. In some cases, they can also be understood as "equipment", "device", "circuit", "network element", "node", "function", "unit", "section", "system", "network", "entity", "subject", etc.

[0206] In some embodiments, obtaining data, information, etc. may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the data is obtained.

[0207] In some embodiments, data, information, etc. may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0208] In addition, each element, each row, or each column in the table of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the combination of any elements, any rows, and any columns can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0209] FIG1A is a schematic diagram showing the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0210] As shown in FIG. 1A , a communication system 100 may include at least one of a first node 101 , an Ambient IoT device 102 , and a second node 103 .

[0211] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may be any of the following:

[0212] An intermediate node, located between the access network node and the Ambient IoT device 102Ambient IoT;

[0213] Access network node;

[0214] Ambient IoT server;

[0215] Core network functional nodes;

[0216] A functional node that sends the first Ambient IoT command.

[0217] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may be an intermediate node, which may be located between the Ambient IoT device 102 and the access network node. When the first node 101 is an intermediate node, it may be any one of a relay node, an integrated access backhaul (IAB) node, a common terminal, and a repeater node.

[0218] Exemplarily, when the first node 101 is an ordinary terminal, it includes at least one of a mobile phone, a wearable device, a car with communication function, a smart car, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, and a wireless terminal device in a smart home, but is not limited thereto.

[0219] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may be an access network node, for example, a node or device that connects an ordinary terminal or an intermediate node to a wireless network. The access network node may include an evolved NodeB (eNB), a next generation evolved NodeB (ng-eNB), a next generation NodeB (gNB), a node B (NB), a home node B (HNB), a home evolved nodeB (HeNB), a wireless backhaul device, a radio network controller (RNC), a base station controller (BSC), a base transceiver station (BTS), a base band unit (BBU), a mobile switching center, a base station in a 6G communication system, an open base station (Open RAN), a cloud base station (Cloud RAN), a base station in other communication systems, and at least one of an access node in a Wi-Fi system, but is not limited thereto.

[0220] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned access network node can be composed of a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU), where the CU can also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can be used to split the protocol layer of the access network node, and the functions of some protocol layers are centrally controlled by the CU, while the functions of the remaining part or all of the protocol layers are distributed in the DU, and the DU is centrally controlled by the CU, but is not limited to this.

[0221] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may be an Ambient IoT server. It may be a service device or computing platform that manages, processes, and stores Ambient IoT service data collected from the surrounding environment. The Ambient IoT server may be a physical server or a virtual server, located locally (e.g., in a smart home system) or in the cloud, providing data processing and storage services, as well as possible other functions such as a user interface, data visualization, remote access, and integration with third-party services or applications.

[0222] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may be a core network function node, which may be a device including one or more network elements, or may be multiple devices or a group of devices. The network element may be virtual or physical. The core network may include, for example, at least one of an evolved packet core (EPC), a 5G core network (5GCN), and a next generation core (NGC).

[0223] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may be a functional node that sends the first Ambient IoT command. The functional node may be any node that sends the first Ambient IoT command, such as a core network functional node, an access network node, a common terminal, or other Ambient IoT device.

[0224] In some embodiments, Ambient IoT device 102 may be an Ambient IoT device acting as a tag. In the Ambient IoT device 102 scenario, Ambient IoT device 102 may include, but is not limited to, a device that transmits data and / or signaling after being triggered by another device, such as a terminal or network device. It may be equipped with a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag, which can be used as a reader by other devices, such as terminals or network devices, to perform operations such as tag inventory and data reporting.

[0225] In some embodiments, the second node 103 may be any of the following:

[0226] An intermediate node, located between the access network node and the Ambient IoT device 102Ambient IoT;

[0227] Access network node;

[0228] Ambient IoT server;

[0229] Core network functional nodes;

[0230] A functional node that sends the first Ambient IoT command.

[0231] The description of the second node 103 is similar to that of the first node 101 and is not repeated here.

[0232] In some embodiments, the technical solution of the present disclosure can be applied to the Open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between access network nodes or within access network nodes involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of Open RAN, and the processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented through software or programs.

[0233] It can be understood that the communication system described in the embodiment of the present disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solution proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Ordinary technicians in this field can know that with the evolution of the system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solution proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure is also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0234] The following embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG1A , or a portion thereof, but are not limited thereto. The entities shown in FIG1A are illustrative only. The communication system may include all or part of the entities shown in FIG1A , or may include other entities other than those shown in FIG1A . The number and form of the entities may be arbitrary, and the entities may be physical or virtual. The connection relationships between the entities are illustrative only. The entities may be connected or disconnected, and the connection may be in any manner, including direct or indirect, wired or wireless.

[0235] Currently, various Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) technologies, such as Machine Type Communication (MTC), Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT), and Reduced Capability (RedCap), have been proposed to meet the growing needs of vertical fields. These LPWA technologies achieve low cost, low power consumption, and large-scale connectivity, meeting the requirements of many applications.

[0236] However, there are still many use cases and applications that cannot be addressed in the following scenarios.

[0237] First, devices powered by traditional batteries are not suitable for use in extreme environmental conditions (e.g., high voltage, extremely high / low temperatures, humid environments). Second, maintenance-free devices are required (e.g., traditional batteries that do not need to be replaced). Finally, ultra-low complexity, very small device size / form factor (e.g., mm thickness), and extended life cycle are required.

[0238] Ambient-powered IoT is a promising technology that can address the aforementioned unmet needs. An ambient-powered IoT device is an IoT device powered by energy harvesting, either without a battery or with limited energy storage capabilities (e.g., using capacitors), by harvesting radio waves, light, motion, heat, or any other suitable power source.

[0239] Energy harvested from the environment can power data transmission and wireless communications at sensor nodes. Current mainstream low-power IoT communication chips (such as Bluetooth BLE, LoRa, and NB-IoT) consume tens or even hundreds of milliwatts of power for both transmission and reception. Environmental energy harvesting, however, only captures microwatts of energy, making it inadequate for these types of nodes. Therefore, new wireless communication technologies are needed to reduce communication energy consumption to tens or even below ten microwatts. Backscatter communication is currently the mainstream approach. Backscatter communications is a key technology for building a green, energy-efficient, and flexibly deployable future IoT, and a crucial means of achieving the "intelligent connection of everything."

[0240] Backscatter communication utilizes the principle of RF signal backscattering to develop an extremely low-power modulation and transmission technology. Since a portion of the RF signal is reflected when it reaches the surface of an object, the transmitting node adjusts the matching between the receiving antenna and the impedance according to the intended information, enhancing the reflection of the incident RF signal and modulating the acquired sensory data onto the reflected signal to complete the data transmission. This process is similar to a reflector. Compared to other communication technologies, backscatter communication does not require a complex RF structure, reducing the use of components such as power amplifiers, high-precision crystal oscillators, duplexers, and high-precision filters. It also does not require complex baseband processing, thus simplifying terminal design and significantly reducing terminal node costs.

[0241] Backscatter communication is widely used in RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) systems. Its operating principle, as shown in Figure 1B, involves a receiver (typically an RFID reader) transmitting a radio frequency excitation signal to activate a passive node (typically an RFID tag). The passive node then uses backscatter communication to modulate its own information onto the radio frequency signal. The reader then receives the passive tag's backscatter signal and demodulates it to determine if a failure has occurred.

[0242] Currently, RFID technology still needs improvement, including limited coverage distance (the wireless signal experiences double-path fading during the communication process, resulting in high path loss and a short effective communication range), single-channel transmission, the need for strict tag alignment, and the lack of power control. RFID technology still has significant room for improvement in communication.

[0243] New IoT devices, such as passive IoT devices, have low memory, low processing power, low battery consumption, small data transmission capacity, and can be deployed in large quantities. Environmental IoT devices can be maintenance-free and have a long service life, for example, exceeding 10 years.

[0244] These new IoT devices require energy from radio waves transmitted by network nodes to power themselves. Therefore, until they receive energy, they are typically powered off, meaning they are disconnected from the network. To address this, the communication system must support data communication methods with shorter transmission times, lower memory consumption, and more convenient terminal management to expedite data communication.

[0245] Currently, the topology of an Ambient IoT system, such as that shown in FIG1C , includes at least one of the following topologies:

[0246] Topology 1: Ambient IoT devices and base stations directly receive and transmit uplink and downlink data.

[0247] In Topology 2, uplink and downlink data are received and transmitted indirectly between the Ambient IoT device and the base station. Intermediate nodes are used for forwarding between the Ambient IoT device and the base station. For example, the intermediate nodes can be relays, IABs, UEs, or repeaters.

[0248] In Topology 3, Ambient IoT devices and base stations directly transmit or receive data in the downlink or uplink. Auxiliary nodes are deployed in the uplink or downlink, receiving or sending uplink data or receiving downlink data. Examples of auxiliary nodes include relays, IABs, UEs, and repeaters.

[0249] Topology 4: Ambient IoT devices and terminals directly receive and transmit uplink and downlink data. The terminals are responsible for collecting data and forwarding it to network devices, such as base stations.

[0250] In some embodiments, Ambient IoT devices may include, but are not limited to, the following types:

[0251] Type 1, with energy storage, no independent signal generation / amplification, and uplink transmission relies on backscatter transmission.

[0252] Type 2 has energy storage and independent signal amplification. Uplink transmission can be generated inside the device or rely on backscatter transmission.

[0253] In a passive IoT system, there are three types of data transmission by Ambient IoT devices, including:

[0254] Type 1, based on network demand reporting data, such as inventory counts (DO-DTT).

[0255] Type 2, based on environmental IoT triggers, for example, the sensor’s temperature is higher than the configured threshold (DO-A).

[0256] Type 3: Network-triggered data reading and writing. For example, network-based periodic requests to implement regular environmental IoT data reporting (DT).

[0257] To support data transmission between Ambient IoT devices, a device in the network can support one or more functions:

[0258] 1. Function as an Energy Source (ES) for device type 2.

[0259] 2. Downlink transmission (DT) function: sends indication information to the Ambient IoT device, thereby triggering the uplink transmission of the Ambient IoT device.

[0260] 3. Continuous Wave (CW) excitation is used for device types 1 and 2. Ambient IoT devices achieve uplink transmission by backscattering CW. CW is actually a type of ES, and ambient IoT devices can receive CW and store energy.

[0261] 4. Uplink reception (UR) function: receiving uplink information backscattered by Ambient IoT devices, or receiving uplink information actively transmitted by Ambient IoT devices.

[0262] The device that performs the ES, DT, CW, or UR functions described above may be a common terminal, repeater, relay, or base station. A device may support only one of the above functions. Alternatively, a device may support multiple of the above functions simultaneously. Alternatively, a device may support all of the above functions simultaneously.

[0263] In RFID communication systems, commands are divided into three functional categories: tag selection (Select), inventory (Inventory), and access (Access). There are five inventory commands: Query, QueryAdjust, QueryRep, Acknowledge (ACK), and Negative Acknowledge (NACK).

[0264] For example, after a tag receives a valid Query command, each tag selected according to the set criteria generates a random number (similar to rolling a dice), and each tag with a random number of zero will generate an echo and move to the Reply state; tags that meet other conditions will change certain attributes and flags, thereby exiting the above tag group, which is conducive to reducing duplicate identification.

[0265] For example, after receiving a valid QueryAdjust command, each tag generates a new random number (similar to re-rolling a dice), and the rest is the same as Query.

[0266] For example, after receiving a valid QueryRep command, the tag only reduces the original random number of each tag in the tag group by one, and the rest is the same as Query.

[0267] For example, only a single tag can receive a valid ACK command and respond with a reply including an Electronic Product Code (EPC).

[0268] For example, after receiving a valid NACK command, the tag switches to the Arbitrate state except for the Ready or Killed states where the state remains unchanged.

[0269] In order to improve the availability of Ambient IoT technology and the reliability of executing Ambient IoT commands, the present disclosure provides the following failure determination method and device, and storage medium.

[0270] FIG2A is an interactive diagram illustrating a failure determination method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG2A , the present disclosure embodiment relates to a failure determination method, which includes:

[0271] In step S2101, the first node 101 determines that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

[0272] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may be any of the following:

[0273] An intermediate node, located between the access network node and the Ambient IoT device 102;

[0274] Access network node;

[0275] Ambient IoT server;

[0276] Core network functional nodes;

[0277] A functional node that sends the first Ambient IoT command.

[0278] The detailed description of the first node 101 has been introduced in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0279] It is understandable that, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, descriptions such as “node” and “device”, “network element” and “network device” may be equivalent.

[0280] In some embodiments, the first Ambient IoT command can be used to instruct the Ambient IoT device 102 (tag device) to perform a corresponding operation. For example, the first Ambient IoT command can be a tag selection (Select), inventory (Inventory), or access (Access) command. This disclosure is not limited to this.

[0281] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may determine, based on the first information, that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

[0282] In some embodiments, the first information may be first time information.

[0283] In an example, the first time information may be used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0284] First moment;

[0285] the second and third moments;

[0286] First duration.

[0287] The second moment may be earlier than the third moment.

[0288] The first duration may be a positive number. In addition, the first duration may be in units of milliseconds, microseconds, etc., which is not limited in the present disclosure.

[0289] Exemplarily, at least one of the first moment, the second moment, and the third moment may be an absolute time, such as Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

[0290] For example, at least one of the first moment, the second moment, and the third moment may be a relative time, such as an offset relative to a time slot, subframe, frame, or symbol. For another example, it may be an offset relative to the time when the first Ambient IoT command is sent.

[0291] In one example, the first time information may be determined by the first node 101 based on a predefined rule.

[0292] For example, the protocol stipulates the first time information, and the first node 101 determines the specific content of the first time information based on the protocol.

[0293] In an example, the first time information may be configured by the second node 103 to the first node 101 .

[0294] Exemplarily, the first node 101 receives the first time information sent by the second node 103 .

[0295] Exemplarily, the second node 103 may be at least one of the following:

[0296] An intermediate node, located between the access network node and the Ambient IoT device;

[0297] Access network node;

[0298] Ambient IoT server;

[0299] Core network functional nodes;

[0300] A functional node that sends the first Ambient IoT command.

[0301] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, any of the above nodes can serve as the second node 103 to provide the first time information to the first node 101. The description of the second node 103 is similar to that of the first node 101 and is not repeated here.

[0302] In an example, the first time information may be determined based on a predefined rule and a configuration of the second node 103 .

[0303] Exemplarily, multiple optional values ​​at the first moment may be agreed upon by the protocol, and the second node 103 selects one from the multiple optional values ​​at the first moment and sends the selected value to the first node 101 .

[0304] Exemplarily, multiple optional values ​​of the first duration may be agreed upon by the protocol, and the second node 103 selects one from the multiple optional values ​​of the first duration and sends it to the first node 101 .

[0305] Exemplarily, multiple optional values ​​for the second moment and / or multiple optional values ​​for the third moment can be agreed upon by the protocol, and the second node 103 determines the second moment and / or the third moment from the multiple optional values ​​for the second moment and / or the multiple optional values ​​for the third moment, and sends them to the first node 101.

[0306] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails by using, but not limited to, any of the following methods:

[0307] In mode 1, the first time information indicates a first moment. If first node 101 does not receive a response message from Ambient IoT device 102 before the first moment, first node 101 may determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed. The response message is used to respond to the first Ambient IoT command.

[0308] For example, the first moment is moment #1. If the first node 101 does not receive a response message sent by the Ambient IoT device 102 before moment #1, the first node 101 may determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

[0309] In mode 2, the first time information indicates the second and third moments. If first node 101 does not receive a response message from Ambient IoT device 102 within a first time period, first node 101 may determine that execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed. The response message is used to respond to the first Ambient IoT command. The first time period is from the second moment to the third moment.

[0310] There can be one or more first time periods.

[0311] For example, the first time period includes [t1, t2], [t3, t4], [t5, t6]..., the first node 101 can determine the first time period based on a predefined rule or an instruction of the second node 103. If no response message sent by the Ambient IoT device is received within the first time period, the first node 101 can determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0312] For example, the first node 101 sends the first Ambient IoT command at time t, and time t is after time t2 and before time t3. The first node 101 can determine the time period [t3, t4] as the first time period based on a predefined rule. If no response message is received from the Ambient IoT device within the first time period, the first node 101 can determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0313] For another example, the second node 103 indicates that the first time period is [t5, t6], and the first node 101 sends the first Ambient IoT command at time t. If no response message is received from the Ambient IoT device within the first time period [t5, t6], the first node 101 can determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0314] Mode 3: If no response message is received from Ambient IoT device 102 within a second period starting from the time the first Ambient IoT command is sent, it is determined that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed. The second period is equal to the first period. The response message is used to respond to the first Ambient IoT command.

[0315] For example, a timer can be set on the first node 101. When the first Ambient IoT command is sent, the timer is started. The timing duration of the timer is the first duration. When the timer expires, the first node 101 still has not received a response message, and it is determined that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0316] It should be noted that the number of the above-mentioned Ambient IoT devices 102 can be one or more.

[0317] Exemplarily, if the first node 101 does not receive a response message sent by any Ambient IoT device 102 before the first moment, within the first time period, or within the second time period, the first node 101 may determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0318] Alternatively, if, before the first moment, within the first time period, or within the second time period, the first node 101 receives only response messages from n Ambient IoT devices 102, the first node 101 may also determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed, where n is less than or equal to the total number N of Ambient IoT devices, and n may be less than or equal to a threshold value.

[0319] For example, assuming that N is 10 and the threshold value is 6, before the first moment, within the first time period, or within the second time period, the first node 101 only receives response messages sent by 5 Ambient IoT devices 102, then the first node 101 can also determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0320] In some embodiments, the first time information may be associated with the Ambient IoT device 102 .

[0321] The association of the first time information with the Ambient IoT device 102 may be understood as the first time information being set for one or more specific Ambient IoT devices 102 .

[0322] For example, first node 101 determines, based on predefined rules and / or instructions from second node 103, that first time information #1 is set for Ambient IoT device #1 and Ambient IoT device #2. If first node 101 does not receive a response message sent by Ambient IoT device #1 and Ambient IoT device #2 before the first moment, within the first time period, or within the second time period, first node 101 may determine that execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0323] Exemplarily, when the first time information can be associated with the Ambient IoT device 102, if the first node 101 does not receive a response message sent by any associated Ambient IoT device 102 before the first moment, within the first time period, or within the second time period, the first node 101 can determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0324] For example, when the first time information may be associated with the Ambient IoT device 102, if the first node 101 receives response messages from n Ambient IoT devices 102 before the first moment, within the first time period, or within the second time period, the first node 101 may determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed. Where n is less than or equal to the total number N of Ambient IoT devices, and n may be less than or equal to a threshold value.

[0325] In some embodiments, the first time information may be associated with the type of the first Ambient IoT command.

[0326] The association between the first time information and the type of the first Ambient IoT command can be understood as the first time information being set for a specific type of Ambient IoT command.

[0327] For example, the first time information is set for a read command. If the first node 101 does not receive a response message sent by the Ambient IoT device 102 before the first moment, within the first time period, or within the second time period, the first node 101 may determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0328] The number of the Ambient IoT devices 102 may be one or more.

[0329] For example, if the first node 101 does not receive a response message sent by any Ambient IoT device 102 to the read command before the first moment, within the first time period, or within the second time period, the first node 101 may determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0330] Alternatively, if, before the first moment, within the first time period, or within the second time period, the first node 101 receives only response messages from n Ambient IoT devices 102 in response to the read command, the first node 101 may also determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed, where n is less than or equal to the total number N of Ambient IoT devices, and n may be less than or equal to a threshold value.

[0331] In some embodiments, the first time information may be associated with the Ambient IoT device and the type of the first Ambient IoT command.

[0332] For example, the first time information is set for a read command of Ambient IoT device #1 and Ambient IoT device #2. If the first node 101 does not receive a response message sent by Ambient IoT device #1 and Ambient IoT device #2 in response to the read command before the first time, within the first time period, or within the second time period, the first node 101 determines that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0333] For example, if the first node 101 does not receive a response message sent by any associated Ambient IoT device 102 to the read command before the first moment, within the first time period, or within the second time period, the first node 101 may determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0334] For example, if, before the first moment, within the first time period, or within the second time period, the first node 101 receives response messages from n Ambient IoT devices 102 in response to the read command, the first node 101 may determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed. Where n is less than or equal to the total number N of Ambient IoT devices, and n may be less than or equal to a threshold value.

[0335] The above description is merely an exemplary description, and all solutions in which the first node 101 determines that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails based on the first time information should fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0336] Step S2102: The first node 101 performs failure processing.

[0337] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may send the first Ambient IoT command to the Ambient IoT device 102 .

[0338] For example, after determining that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, the first node 101 may send the first Ambient IoT command to the Ambient IoT device 102 again, so that the Ambient IoT device 102 receives and executes the first Ambient IoT command again.

[0339] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may immediately send the first Ambient IoT command to the Ambient IoT device 102 .

[0340] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may send the first Ambient IoT command to the Ambient IoT device 102 after a third time interval.

[0341] In one example, the third duration may be determined by a predefined rule, or may be indicated by the second node 103 .

[0342] For example, the third duration may be agreed upon by agreement.

[0343] Exemplarily, it can be configured by the second node 103 and provided to the first node 101, and the second node 103 can be at least one of the following: an intermediate node, the intermediate node is located between the access network node and the Ambient IoT device; an access network node; an Ambient IoT server; a core network functional node; a functional node that sends the first Ambient IoT command.

[0344] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may cancel sending the first Ambient IoT command to the Ambient IoT device 102 .

[0345] In an example, the first node 101 cancels sending the first Ambient IoT command to the Ambient IoT device 102, which may include but is not limited to at least one of the following:

[0346] Stop sending the first Ambient IoT command again;

[0347] Cancel sending the first Ambient IoT command again;

[0348] Sending of a second Ambient IoT command is canceled, where the type of the second Ambient IoT command is the same as the type of the first Ambient IoT command.

[0349] For example, before determining that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed, the first node 101 sends the first Ambient IoT command to the Ambient IoT device 102 again. When determining that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed, the first Ambient IoT command is in the process of being transmitted. At this time, the first node 101 may stop sending the first Ambient IoT command again.

[0350] Exemplarily, when the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, the first node 101 cancels sending the first Ambient IoT command to the Ambient IoT device 102 again.

[0351] Exemplarily, the type of the first Ambient IoT command is a read command. After the first node 101 determines that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, it can be determined that the Ambient IoT device 102 does not support the execution of the read command. If there is a second Ambient IoT command to be sent to the Ambient IoT device 102 subsequently, the type of the second Ambient IoT command is the same as the type of the first Ambient IoT command, that is, there is a new read command to be sent to the Ambient IoT device 102. The first node 101 can cancel the sending of the new read command, that is, cancel the sending of the second Ambient IoT command, so as to avoid resource waste caused by the Ambient IoT device 102 executing the read command again.

[0352] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc. are not limited to the names described in the embodiments, and terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", "field", "symbol", "symbol", "codeword", "codebook", "codeword", "codepoint", "bit", "data", "program", and "chip" can be used interchangeably.

[0353] In some embodiments, terms such as "send", "transmit", "report", "download", "transmit", "bidirectional transmission", "send and / or receive" can be used interchangeably.

[0354] In some embodiments, "obtain", "get", "get", "receive", "transmit", "bidirectional transmission", "send and / or receive" can be interchangeable, and can be interpreted as receiving from other entities, obtaining from protocols, obtaining from higher layers, obtaining by self-processing, autonomous implementation, etc.

[0355] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain", "preset", "preset", "setting", "indicated", "a certain", "any", and "first" can be interchangeable. "Specific A", "preset A", "preset A", "setting A", "indicated A", "a certain A", "any A", and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-specified in a protocol, etc., or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or indication, etc., or as specific A, a certain A, any A, or first A, etc., but not limited to this.

[0356] In some embodiments, the failure determination method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S2101 and S2102. For example, step S2101 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2102 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and steps S2101+S2102 may be implemented as independent embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0357] In some embodiments, step S2101 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments. For example, when the first node 101 determines that the first Ambient IoT command has been successfully executed, step S2101 may not be executed.

[0358] In some embodiments, step S2102 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments. For example, when failure processing is performed by other execution entities, step S2102 may not be performed.

[0359] In some embodiments, steps S2101 to S2102 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0360] In some embodiments, the execution order of steps S2101 to S2102 is not limited.

[0361] In the above embodiment, the first node can determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails based on the first time information, thereby improving the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command and also improving the security performance of the Ambient IoT system, thereby increasing the availability.

[0362] FIG2B is an interactive diagram illustrating a failure determination method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG2B , the present disclosure embodiment relates to a failure determination method, which includes:

[0363] In step S2201 , the ambient IoT device 102 sends capability indication information to the first node 101 .

[0364] In some embodiments, the capability indication information may be used to indicate whether the Ambient IoT device 102 has the capability to send the first information. The specific content of the first information will be described in subsequent steps and will not be described here for the time being.

[0365] Step S2201 may not be performed. For example, when the first node 101 assumes that the Ambient IoT device 102 has the capability of sending the first information, step S2201 may not be performed.

[0366] In step S2202 , the Ambient IoT device 102 sends first information to the first node 101 .

[0367] In some embodiments, when the Ambient IoT device 102 fails to execute the first Ambient IoT command, it sends the first information to the first node 101 .

[0368] In some embodiments, when the Ambient IoT device 102 has the capability to send the first information and fails to execute the first Ambient IoT command, the Ambient IoT device 102 sends the first information to the first node 101 .

[0369] In some embodiments, when the first Ambient IoT command is an Ambient IoT command for the Ambient IoT device 102 and the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, the Ambient IoT device 102 sends the first information to the first node 101 .

[0370] In some embodiments, when the Ambient IoT device 102 is in a first state and the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, the first information is sent to the first node 101 .

[0371] In some embodiments, the Ambient IoT device 102 sends the first information to the first node 101 when the first Ambient IoT command is an Ambient IoT command for the Ambient IoT device 102, the Ambient IoT device 102 is in a first state, and the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

[0372] In some embodiments, when the Ambient IoT device 102 has the ability to send the first information, the first Ambient IoT command is an Ambient IoT command for the Ambient IoT device 102, the Ambient IoT device 102 is in the first state, and the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, the first information is sent to the first node 101.

[0373] In one example, the first state can be determined by a protocol. For example, the first state can be an open state, a secured state, or the like.

[0374] The open state refers to a state in which the tag (here, it may refer to the Ambient IoT device 102 ) can start transmitting data to the reader (eg, the first node 101 ) or perform an operation.

[0375] Among them, a tag in a secured state (here, it may refer to the Ambient IoT device 102) can execute all access commands.

[0376] In an example, the first state may also be other states, which is not limited in this disclosure.

[0377] In one example, the first state may also be indicated by the second node 103, which is also not limited in this disclosure. The second node 103 may be at least one of the following: an intermediate node located between the access network node and the Ambient IoT device; an access network node; an Ambient IoT server; a core network function node; or a function node that sends the first Ambient IoT command.

[0378] The above description is merely exemplary, and all solutions in which the Ambient IoT device 102 determines to send the first information to the first node 101 should fall within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0379] In some embodiments, the first node 101 receives first information.

[0380] In some embodiments, the first information sent by the Ambient IoT device 102 may include but is not limited to at least one of the following:

[0381] Failure indication information;

[0382] Indication of the reason for failure;

[0383] Failed command information;

[0384] Ambient IoT device information.

[0385] In an example, the failure indication information may be used to indicate that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

[0386] Exemplarily, the failure indication information may occupy one bit in the response message sent by the Ambient IoT device 102 to the first node 101. When the bit value of this bit is set to a first value, such as "1", it is used to indicate that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command failed. When the bit value of this bit is set to a second value, such as "0", it is used to indicate that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command was successful, and vice versa.

[0387] In one example, the failure reason may include but is not limited to at least one of the following:

[0388] The first Ambient IoT command cannot be recognized;

[0389] The execution of the first Ambient IoT command is interrupted;

[0390] The memory space is full;

[0391] The memory space is locked;

[0392] The cyclic redundancy check (CRC) failed.

[0393] Exemplarily, the inability to recognize the first Ambient IoT command may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following:

[0394] The first Ambient IoT command contains a domain name and / or domain value that the Ambient IoT device 102 cannot recognize or match;

[0395] The Ambient IoT device 102 does not support the first Ambient IoT command;

[0396] The first Ambient IoT command information is incorrect and thus cannot be recognized by the Ambient IoT device 102 .

[0397] For example, the header of each Ambient IoT command includes a portion of content, which is used to indicate that the Ambient IoT command is to control the tag to perform a specified operation, such as a read operation. Because the Ambient IoT device 102 does not support the read command or the header content is incorrectly encoded, the Ambient IoT device 102 cannot recognize the first Ambient IoT command.

[0398] Exemplarily, the first Ambient IoT command execution interruption may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following:

[0399] During the execution of the first Ambient IoT command, the Ambient IoT device 102 receives a new first Ambient IoT command, causing the Ambient IoT device 102 to interrupt the current first Ambient IoT command and execute the new first Ambient IoT command.

[0400] While executing the first Ambient IoT command, the Ambient IoT device receives a new first Ambient IoT command. The Ambient IoT device 102 does not interrupt the execution of the first Ambient IoT command, resulting in an inability to execute the new first Ambient IoT command. At this time, the Ambient IoT device 102 can determine that the execution of the (new) first Ambient IoT command is interrupted.

[0401] For example, the failure reason may include that the memory space is full. The first Ambient IoT command is a write command, but the memory space is full, resulting in the Ambient IoT device 102 being unable to execute the first Ambient IoT command.

[0402] For example, the failure reason may include that the memory space is locked. For example, the first Ambient IoT command is a read command, but the memory space is locked, resulting in the Ambient IoT device 102 being unable to execute the read command.

[0403] Illustratively, the failure reason may include a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) check failure.

[0404] For example, the channel or information carrying the first Ambient IoT command is scrambled by CRC, but the Ambient IoT device 102 fails to verify the CRC sequence using the stored CRC sequence. In this case, the failure reason may include CRC verification failure.

[0405] For example, the failure reason may be one or more.

[0406] For example, if there are multiple failures in executing the first Ambient IoT command at the same time, or a failure in executing the first Ambient IoT command involves multiple failure reasons, the Ambient IoT device 102 can determine one of the failure reasons based on predefined rules, failure reason priority and / or internal implementation, and send it to the first node 101 through failure reason indication information.

[0407] For another example, the Ambient IoT device 102 may also send multiple failure reasons to the first node 101. For example, one piece of failure reason indication information may indicate multiple failure reasons at the same time.

[0408] In one example, the failed command information may include but is not limited to at least one of the following:

[0409] identification information of the first Ambient IoT command;

[0410] Type information of the first Ambient IoT command.

[0411] The identification information of the first Ambient IoT command may be used to identify the first Ambient IoT command. The type information of the first Ambient IoT command may be at least one of an immediate reply, a delayed reply, and an in-process reply.

[0412] In one example, the Ambient IoT device information may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following:

[0413] Identification information of the Ambient IoT device 102;

[0414] Status information of the Ambient IoT device 102 .

[0415] The identification information of the Ambient IoT device 102 may be a media access control (MAC) address, an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI), a tag value, a random code, or other identification information that can uniquely identify the Ambient IoT device.

[0416] The status information of the Ambient IoT device 102 may be used to indicate the status of the Ambient IoT device, such as an open status, a secured status, etc.

[0417] The above description is merely exemplary, and the present disclosure does not limit the specific content of the first information sent by the Ambient IoT device 102 .

[0418] In step S2203 , the first node 101 determines that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

[0419] In some embodiments, the first information includes failure indication information, and the first node 101 determines that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed based on the failure indication information.

[0420] In some embodiments, the first information includes failure cause indication information, and the first node 101 determines a specific reason why the execution of the first Ambient IoT command failed based on the failure cause indication information.

[0421] In some embodiments, the first information includes failed command information, and the first node 101 may determine the Ambient IoT command that failed to execute and the type of the Ambient IoT command that failed to execute based on the failed command information.

[0422] In some embodiments, the first information includes Ambient IoT device information. The first node 101 may determine identification information and / or status information of the Ambient IoT device 102 that fails to execute the first Ambient IoT command based on the Ambient IoT device information.

[0423] Step S2204: The first node 101 performs failure processing.

[0424] The implementation of step 2204 is similar to that of the aforementioned step S2102 and will not be repeated here.

[0425] In some embodiments, the failure determination method involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of steps S2201 to S2204. For example, step S2201 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2202 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2203 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, steps S2202+S2203 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, step S2204 can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and steps S2201 to S2204 can be implemented as independent embodiments, but are not limited thereto.

[0426] In some embodiments, step S2201 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments. For example, if the first node 101 assumes that the Ambient IoT device has the ability to send the first information, or if the first node 101 obtains capability indication information from another execution entity, step S2201 may not be performed.

[0427] In some embodiments, step S2202 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments. For example, if the first node 101 obtains the first information from another execution entity or determines the first information based on a predefined method, step S2202 may not be performed.

[0428] In some embodiments, step S2203 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments. For example, if the other execution entities determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, step S2203 may not be executed.

[0429] In some embodiments, step S2204 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments. For example, when other execution entities perform failure processing, step S2204 may not be executed.

[0430] In some embodiments, steps S2201 to S2204 are optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced in different embodiments.

[0431] In some embodiments, the execution order of steps S2201 to S2204 is not limited.

[0432] In the above embodiment, when the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, the Ambient IoT device can send a first message to the first node. The first node can determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed based on the first message, thereby improving the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command and also improving the security performance of the Ambient IoT system, thereby increasing the availability.

[0433] FIG3A is an interactive diagram illustrating a failure determination method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3A , the present disclosure embodiment relates to a failure determination method, which can be executed by the first node 101. The method includes:

[0434] Step S3101: Determine whether the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

[0435] In some embodiments, the first information may be first time information.

[0436] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2A and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0437] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may receive first information sent by the Ambient IoT device 102 and determine, based on the first information, that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

[0438] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2203 in FIG. 2B and other related parts in the embodiment involved in FIG. 2B , which will not be described in detail here.

[0439] In the above embodiment, the first node can determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails based on the first information, thereby improving the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command and also improving the security performance of the Ambient IoT system, thereby increasing the availability.

[0440] FIG3B is an interactive diagram illustrating a failure determination method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3B , the present disclosure embodiment relates to a failure determination method, which can be executed by the first node 101. The method includes:

[0441] Step S3201: Determine whether the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

[0442] In some embodiments, the first node 101 determines that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails based on the first information.

[0443] In some embodiments, the first information is first time information. The specific content of the first time information has been introduced in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0444] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3201 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2A and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0445] Step S3202, execute failure processing.

[0446] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3202 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2102 in Figure 2A and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0447] In some embodiments, the execution order of steps S3201 to S3202 is not limited.

[0448] In the above embodiment, the first node can determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails based on the first time information, thereby improving the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command and also improving the security performance of the Ambient IoT system, thereby increasing the availability.

[0449] FIG3C is an interactive diagram illustrating a failure determination method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3C , the present disclosure embodiment relates to a failure determination method, which can be executed by the first node 101. The method includes:

[0450] Step S3301: Acquire capability indication information.

[0451] In some embodiments, the capability indication information is used to indicate whether the Ambient IoT device 102 has the capability to send the first information.

[0452] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may obtain the capability indication information from the Ambient IoT device 102, but is not limited thereto. The first node 101 may also receive capability indication information sent by other entities.

[0453] In some embodiments, the first node 101 obtains capability indication information determined according to predefined rules.

[0454] In some embodiments, the first node 101 performs processing to obtain the capability indication information.

[0455] In some embodiments, step S3301 is omitted, the first node 101 autonomously implements the function indicated by the capability indication information, or the first node 101 obtains the capability indication information based on predefined rules or protocol agreements, or the above functions are default or default.

[0456] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3301 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2201 in Figure 2B and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0457] Step S3302, obtain first information.

[0458] In some embodiments, the first node 101 may obtain the first information from the Ambient IoT device 102 , but is not limited thereto. The first node 101 may also receive the first information sent by other entities.

[0459] In some embodiments, the first node 101 obtains first information determined according to a predefined rule.

[0460] In some embodiments, the first node 101 performs processing to obtain the first information.

[0461] In some embodiments, step S3302 is omitted, the first node 101 autonomously implements the function indicated by the first information, or the first node 101 obtains the first information based on predefined rules or protocol agreements, or the above functions are default or default.

[0462] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3302 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2202 in Figure 2B and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0463] Step S3303: Determine whether the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

[0464] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3303 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2203 in Figure 2B and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0465] Step S3304, execute failure processing.

[0466] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3304 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2204 in Figure 2B and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0467] In some embodiments, the execution order of steps S3301 to S3304 is not limited.

[0468] In the above embodiment, the first node can determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails based on the first information sent by the Ambient IoT device, thereby improving the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command and also improving the security performance of the Ambient IoT system, thereby increasing the availability.

[0469] FIG3D is an interactive diagram illustrating a failure determination method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3D , the present disclosure embodiment relates to a failure determination method, which can be executed by an Ambient IoT device 102. The method includes:

[0470] Step S3401, sending the first information.

[0471] In some embodiments, the Ambient IoT device 102 may send first information to the first node 101 .

[0472] In some embodiments, the first node 101 receives first information.

[0473] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3401 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2202 in Figure 2B and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0474] In the above embodiment, when the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, the Ambient IoT device can send the first information to the first node so that the first node can determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed, thereby improving the reliability of the execution of the Ambient IoT command and also improving the security performance of the Ambient IoT system, thereby increasing the availability.

[0475] FIG3E is an interactive diagram illustrating a failure determination method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3E , the present disclosure embodiment relates to a failure determination method, which can be executed by an Ambient IoT device 102. The method includes:

[0476] Step S3501, sending the first information.

[0477] In some embodiments, the Ambient IoT device 102 may send first information to the first node 101 .

[0478] In some embodiments, the first node 101 receives first information.

[0479] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3501 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2202 in Figure 2B and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0480] Step S3502: Acquire a first Ambient IoT command.

[0481] In some embodiments, the Ambient IoT device 102 may obtain the first Ambient IoT command from the first node 101 , but is not limited thereto. The Ambient IoT device 102 may also receive the first Ambient IoT command sent by other entities.

[0482] In some embodiments, the Ambient IoT device 102 obtains a first Ambient IoT command determined according to a predefined rule.

[0483] In some embodiments, the Ambient IoT device 102 performs processing to obtain the first Ambient IoT command.

[0484] In some embodiments, step S3502 is omitted, and the Ambient IoT device 102 autonomously implements the function indicated by the first Ambient IoT command, or the Ambient IoT device 102 obtains the first Ambient IoT command based on predefined rules or protocol agreements, or the above functions are default or default.

[0485] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3502 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2204 in Figure 2B and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2B, which will not be repeated here.

[0486] In some embodiments, the execution order of steps S3501 to S3502 is not limited.

[0487] In the above embodiment, when the execution of a first Ambient IoT command fails, the Ambient IoT device can send a first message to the first node. The first node can then determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed. Furthermore, the Ambient IoT device can receive the first Ambient IoT command resent by the first node. This improves the reliability of Ambient IoT command execution and the security performance of the Ambient IoT system, resulting in high availability.

[0488] FIG3F is an interactive diagram illustrating a failure determination method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3F , the present disclosure embodiment relates to a failure determination method, which can be executed by the second node 103. The method includes:

[0489] Step S3601, sending the first information.

[0490] In some embodiments, the second node 103 may send the first information to the first node 101 .

[0491] In some embodiments, the first node 101 receives first information.

[0492] In some embodiments, the first information may be first time information.

[0493] In an example, the first time information may be used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0494] First moment;

[0495] the second and third moments;

[0496] First duration.

[0497] In some embodiments, the optional implementation of step S3601 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2A and other related parts of the embodiment involved in Figure 2A, which will not be repeated here.

[0498] In the above embodiment, the second device may send first information to the first node. Specifically, the first information may be first time information. The first node may determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed based on the first time information. This improves the reliability of Ambient IoT command execution and the security performance of the Ambient IoT system, thereby increasing availability.

[0499] The above content is further illustrated below with examples.

[0500] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for supporting failure handling in an Ambient IoT system is proposed.

[0501] In some embodiments, for an Ambient IoT device, if a failure occurs when processing a command, a failure indication and an optional failure reason may be sent to the first node for subsequent operations.

[0502] In some embodiments, if an Ambient IoT reader (e.g., a regular terminal or access network node) does not receive a response from an Ambient IoT device within a certain period of time, it can be considered that the Ambient IoT device has not successfully executed the command. Furthermore, optionally, the Ambient IoT reader can resend the command. The certain period of time can be determined according to a protocol agreement or instructions from another node (e.g., a second node), and can be set for each command (per command) and / or each Ambient IoT device (per Ambient IoT device).

[0503] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the failure handling process is as follows:

[0504] 1. The first node may determine, based on the first information, that the execution of the Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0505] 2. Based on 1, the first node may be a node that sends the Ambient IoT command, and may include at least one of an intermediate node, an access network node, an Ambient IoT server, or a core network function node.

[0506] 3. Based on 1, the first information may be first time information, and determining, based on the first information, that the Ambient IoT command execution failed includes:

[0507] If it is determined based on the first time information that no response is received from the Ambient IoT device within a certain period of time (no response is received from one or n Ambient IoT devices, that is, no response is received from any Ambient IoT device, or only responses are received from less than or equal to a threshold number of Ambient IoT devices), the first node considers that the command execution has failed.

[0508] 4. Based on 3, the first time information may be moment information (such as an offset from the current command sent, or an offset range) or duration information. The first time information may be determined by protocol agreement or network configuration (for example, the configuration of an Ambient IoT server, a core network function node, or an access network node).

[0509] In one possible implementation, the first time information is moment information. Determining that the Ambient IoT command execution fails based on the first information includes:

[0510] The first node sends a command to the Ambient IoT device. If no response is received from the Ambient IoT device before the time indicated by the first time information, it is considered that the command execution has failed.

[0511] In one possible implementation, the first time information is duration information. Determining that the Ambient IoT command execution fails according to the first information includes:

[0512] The first node sends a command to the Ambient IoT device and simultaneously starts a timer, where the duration of the timer is determined based on the duration information indicated by the first time information. If no response is received from the Ambient IoT device before the timer expires, the command execution is considered to have failed.

[0513] 5. Based on 3, the first time information may be set for a specific command and / or a specific Ambient IoT device.

[0514] In one possible implementation, the first time information is set for a specific command. For example, a first node sends a read command to one or more Ambient IoT devices. If, based on the first time information, it is determined that there is no response to the specific command (no responses are received from one or n Ambient IoT devices, i.e., no responses are received from any Ambient IoT device, or only responses are received from fewer than or equal to a threshold number of Ambient IoT devices), the first node considers the command execution to have failed.

[0515] In one possible implementation, the first time information is set for a specific Ambient IoT device. For example, a first node sends a read command to one or more Ambient IoT devices. If, based on the first time information, it is determined that there is no response from the Ambient IoT device (i.e., no response is received from any Ambient IoT device, or only responses are received from a threshold number of Ambient IoT devices), the first node deems the command execution to have failed.

[0516] In one possible implementation, the first time information is set for a specific Ambient IoT device and a specific command. For example, a first node sends a read command to one or more Ambient IoT devices. If, based on the first time information, it is determined that no Ambient IoT device has responded to the specific command (no responses have been received from one or n Ambient IoT devices, i.e., no responses have been received from any Ambient IoT device, or only responses have been received from fewer than or equal to a threshold number of Ambient IoT devices), the first node deems the command execution to have failed.

[0517] 6. Based on 1, the first information may be sent by the Ambient IoT device to the first node. Optionally, the Ambient IoT device sends the first information only when the command is directed only to the Ambient IoT device and / or when the Ambient IoT device is in a specific state (e.g., Open or Secured state).

[0518] 7. Based on 6, the first information may be at least one of the following:

[0519] a, Failure indication information.

[0520] In a possible implementation, the failure indication information may be based on a 1-bit indication in a response message, for example, the header of a failed response is 1, while the header of a successful response is 0.

[0521] b. Failure reason indication information.

[0522] In one possible implementation, if multiple failures occur simultaneously, or if a failure involves multiple failure causes, the Ambient IoT device determines a single failure cause based on a predetermined rule, a failure priority, or internal implementation. Alternatively, the Ambient IoT device simultaneously sends the multiple failure causes to the first node.

[0523] c. Information related to the failed command.

[0524] It may include at least one of a failed command identifier and a failed command type (eg, immediate reply, delayed reply, in-process reply).

[0525] d. Information about the failed Ambient IoT device.

[0526] It may include at least one of Ambient IoT device identification information and status information.

[0527] 8. Based on 7, the failure reason includes at least one of the following:

[0528] a, the command in question is not recognized.

[0529] As a possible implementation, the inability to recognize the command may be that the command contains a domain name or domain value that the Ambient IoT device cannot recognize or match, or the command itself is not supported by the Ambient IoT device or the command information is incorrect, resulting in the inability to obtain recognition (for example, there is a part of content in the header of each command indicating that the command is to control the terminal to perform a read operation, but the Ambient IoT device does not support the read command. Or, the header content encoding indicating the read command is incorrect, resulting in the Ambient IoT device being unable to recognize the command).

[0530] b. Command execution interrupted.

[0531] In a possible implementation, the Ambient IoT device receives a first Ambient IoT command and executes the first command. However, during the execution process, a second command is received, so the Ambient IoT device interrupts the current first command to execute the second command. At this time, the Ambient IoT device can indicate "command execution interruption" to the first node.

[0532] In addition, the Ambient IoT device receives a first command and executes the first command. However, during the execution process, a second command is received, so the Ambient IoT device continues with the current first command and cannot execute the second command. At this time, the Ambient IoT device can indicate "command execution interruption" to the first node.

[0533] c. Memory space is full / locked.

[0534] d. CRC check failed.

[0535] Specifically, the CRC sequence check stored in the device may fail, so a corresponding indication is given.

[0536] 9. Based on step 1, optionally, the first node determines, based on the first information, that a command execution failure has occurred, and performs failure processing. The failure processing may include resending or canceling the command. The resending of the command may be immediate or after a period of time. The period of time may be determined by a protocol or network implementation.

[0537] The above embodiment provides a method for supporting failure processing in an Ambient IoT system. When the Ambient IoT Reader does not receive a response from the Ambient IoT device within a certain period of time or receives failure indication information from the Ambient IoT device, it determines that a command execution failure has occurred. The Ambient IoT Reader can further determine the problem that caused the failure based on the cause information indicated by the Ambient IoT device, and then perform failure processing and optimization, such as resuming / stopping command sending.

[0538] The embodiments of the present disclosure also propose an apparatus for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is proposed, which includes units or modules for implementing each step performed by each node (e.g., the first node, Ambient IoT device) in any of the above methods.

[0539] It should be understood that the division of the various units or modules in the above device is merely a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, they may be fully or partially integrated into a physical entity, or they may be physically separated. In addition, the units or modules in the device may be implemented in the form of a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor, the processor is connected to a memory, and the memory stores instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or implement the functions of the various units or modules of the above device, wherein the processor is, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory is a memory within the device or a memory outside the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits, and the functions of some or all of the units or modules can be realized by designing the hardware circuits. The above-mentioned hardware circuits can be understood as one or more processors; for example, in one implementation, the above-mentioned hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), which realizes the functions of some or all of the above units or modules by designing the logical relationship of the components in the circuit; for example, in another implementation, the above-mentioned hardware circuit can be realized by a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gate circuits, and the connection relationship between the logic gate circuits is configured by configuring the configuration file, thereby realizing the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. All units or modules of the above devices can be realized in the form of software called by the processor, or in the form of hardware circuits, or in part by the form of software called by the processor, and the rest by hardware circuits.

[0540] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction reading and execution capabilities, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationship of the hardware circuit. The logical relationship of the above-mentioned hardware circuit is fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented by an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and implementing the hardware circuit configuration can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. In addition, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), a tensor processing unit (TPU), a deep learning processing unit (DPU), etc.

[0541] FIG4A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first node proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG4A , the first node 4100 may include: a processing module 4101 .

[0542] In some embodiments, the processing module 4101 is configured to determine, based on the first information, that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

[0543] In some embodiments, the processing module 4101 is used to execute at least one of the other steps (such as step S2101 and step S2203, but not limited thereto) performed by the first node 4100 in any of the above methods, which will not be repeated here.

[0544] FIG4B is a schematic diagram of the structure of an Ambient IoT device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG4B , the Ambient IoT device 4200 may include a transceiver module 4201 .

[0545] In some embodiments, the transceiver module 4201 is configured to send first information to the first node when the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, where the first information is used by the first node to determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

[0546] Optionally, the above-mentioned transceiver module 4201 is used to execute at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving (for example, step S2201, step S2202, but not limited to this) performed by the Ambient IoT device 4200 in any of the above methods, which will not be repeated here.

[0547] FIG4C is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second node proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG4C , the second node 4300 may include: a transceiver module 4301 .

[0548] In some embodiments, the transceiver module 4301 is configured to send first information to the first node, where the first information is used by the first node to determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed.

[0549] Optionally, the transceiver module 4301 is configured to execute at least one of the communication steps of sending and / or receiving performed by the second node 4200 in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0550] In some embodiments, the transceiver module may include a transmitting module and / or a receiving module, and the transmitting module and the receiving module may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the transceiver module may be interchangeable with the transceiver.

[0551] In some embodiments, the processing module can be a single module or can include multiple submodules. Optionally, the multiple submodules respectively execute all or part of the steps required to be executed by the processing module. Optionally, the processing module can be interchangeable with the processor.

[0552] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 5100 proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Communication device 5100 can be a node or device (e.g., a first node, an Ambient IoT device, a second node), or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports a node device in implementing any of the above methods. Communication device 5100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments. For details, please refer to the description of the above method embodiments.

[0553] As shown in Figure 5A, the communication device 5100 includes one or more processors 5101. The processor 5101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, for example, a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can be used to process the communication protocol and communication data, and the central processing unit can be used to control the communication device (such as a base station, a baseband chip, a terminal device, a terminal device chip, a DU or a CU, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. Optionally, the communication device 5100 is used to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, one or more processors 5101 are used to call instructions to enable the communication device 5100 to perform any of the above methods.

[0554] In some embodiments, the communication device 5100 further includes one or more transceivers 5103. When the communication device 5100 includes one or more transceivers 5103, the transceiver 5103 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (for example, step S2201 and step S2202, but not limited thereto), and the processor 5101 performs at least one of the other steps (for example, step S2101, step S2102, step S2203, and step S2204, but not limited thereto). In an optional embodiment, the transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, and the receiver and transmitter may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, interface circuit, and interface may be interchangeable, the terms transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, and transmitting circuit may be interchangeable, and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, and receiving circuit may be interchangeable.

[0555] In some embodiments, the communication device 5100 further includes one or more memories 5102 for storing data. Alternatively, all or part of the memories 5102 may be located outside the communication device 5100. In alternative embodiments, the communication device 5100 may include one or more interface circuits 5104. Optionally, the interface circuits 5104 are connected to the memories 5102 and may be configured to receive data from the memories 5102 or other devices, or to send data to the memories 5102 or other devices. For example, the interface circuits 5104 may read data stored in the memories 5102 and send the data to the processor 5101.

[0556] The communication device 5100 described in the above embodiment may be a network device, but the scope of the communication device 5100 described in the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 5100 may not be limited by FIG. 5A. The communication device may be an independent device or may be part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: 1) an independent integrated circuit IC, or a chip, or a chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the above IC collection may also include a storage component for storing data or programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, a terminal device, an intelligent terminal device, a cellular phone, a wireless device, a handheld device, a mobile unit, an in-vehicle device, a network device, a cloud device, an artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0557] 5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a chip 5200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. If the communication device 5100 can be a chip or a chip system, reference can be made to the schematic diagram of the structure of the chip 5200 shown in FIG5B , but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0558] The chip 5200 includes one or more processors 5201. The chip 5200 is configured to execute any of the above methods.

[0559] In some embodiments, chip 5200 further includes one or more interface circuits 5202. Terms such as interface circuit, interface, and transceiver pins may be used interchangeably. In some embodiments, chip 5200 further includes one or more memories 5203 for storing data. Alternatively, all or part of memory 5203 may be located external to chip 5200. Optionally, interface circuit 5202 is connected to memory 5203 and may be used to receive data from memory 5203 or other devices, or may be used to send data to memory 5203 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 5202 may read data stored in memory 5203 and send the data to processor 5201.

[0560] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 5202 performs at least one of the communication steps (e.g., steps S2201 and S2202, but not limited thereto) of the aforementioned method. The interface circuit 5202 performing the communication steps (e.g., steps S2201 and S2202, but not limited thereto) of the aforementioned method means, for example, that the interface circuit 5202 performs data exchange between the processor 5201, the chip 5200, the memory 5203, or the transceiver device. In some embodiments, the processor 5201 performs at least one of the other steps (e.g., steps S2101, S2102, S2203, and S2204, but not limited thereto).

[0561] The modules and / or devices described in various embodiments, such as virtual devices, physical devices, and chips, can be arbitrarily combined or separated according to circumstances. Optionally, some or all steps can also be performed collaboratively by multiple modules and / or devices, which is not limited here.

[0562] The present disclosure also proposes a storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which, when executed on the communication device 5100, causes the communication device 5100 to execute any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but is not limited thereto and may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but is not limited thereto and may also be a transient storage medium.

[0563] The present disclosure also provides a program product, which, when executed by the communication device 5100, enables the communication device 5100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0564] The present disclosure also proposes a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform any one of the above methods.

[0565] Other embodiments of the present disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

[0566] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A failure determination method, characterized in that: The method is performed by a first node and includes: Based on the first information, it is determined that execution of the first passive Internet of Things Ambient IoT command fails.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first node is any of the following: An intermediate node, located between the access network node and the Ambient IoT device; Access network node; Ambient IoT server; Core network functional nodes; A functional node that sends the first Ambient IoT command.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The first information is first time information, and the first time information is used to indicate at least one of the following: First moment; the second and third moments; First duration.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The method further comprises at least one of the following: Determining the first time information based on a predefined rule; Receive the first time information sent by the second node.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The second node is at least one of the following: An intermediate node, located between the access network node and the Ambient IoT device; Access network node; Ambient IoT server; Core network functional nodes; A functional node that sends the first Ambient IoT command.

6. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: Determining, based on the first information, that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails includes any one of the following: If no response message sent by the Ambient IoT device is received before the first moment, it is determined that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed, and the response message is used to respond to the first Ambient IoT command; If no response message is received from the Ambient IoT device within a first time period, it is determined that execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed, where the first time period is from the second moment to the third moment, and the response message is used to respond to the first Ambient IoT command; If no response message is received from the Ambient IoT device within a second time period starting from sending the first Ambient IoT command, it is determined that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command has failed. The duration of the second time period is equal to the first time period, and the response message is used to respond to the first Ambient IoT command.

7. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: The first time information is associated with at least one of the following: Ambient IoT devices; The type of the first Ambient IoT command.

8. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The method further comprises: Receive the first information sent by the Ambient IoT device.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The first information includes at least one of the following: Failure indication information; Indication of the reason for failure; Failed command information; Ambient IoT device information.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that Failure reasons include at least one of the following: The first Ambient IoT command cannot be recognized; The execution of the first Ambient IoT command is interrupted; The memory space is full; The memory space is locked; The cyclic redundancy check (CRC) failed.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that The failed command information includes at least one of the following: identification information of the first Ambient IoT command; Type information of the first Ambient IoT command.

12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that: The Ambient IoT device information includes at least one of the following: Identification information of Ambient IoT devices; Status information of ambient IoT devices.

13. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Receive capability indication information sent by the Ambient IoT device, where the capability indication information is used to indicate whether the Ambient IoT device has the capability to send the first information.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that The method further comprises: Execution failure processing.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The execution failure processing includes at least one of the following: Sending the first Ambient IoT command to the Ambient IoT device; Sending the first Ambient IoT command to the Ambient IoT device is canceled.

16. A failure determination method, characterized in that: The method is performed by a passive Ambient IoT device and includes: The first Ambient IoT command fails to be executed, and first information is sent to the first node, where the first information is used by the first node to determine that the first Ambient IoT command fails to be executed.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that The first node is any of the following: An intermediate node, located between the access network node and the Ambient IoT device; Access network node; Ambient IoT server; Core network functional nodes; A functional node that sends the first Ambient IoT command.

18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that The execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, and a first message is sent to the first node, including at least one of the following: The first Ambient IoT command is an Ambient IoT command for the Ambient IoT device, and execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, and the first information is sent to the first node; The Ambient IoT device is in a first state, and execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, and the first information is sent to the first node.

19. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that: The first information includes at least one of the following: Failure indication information; Indication of the reason for failure; Failed command information; Ambient IoT device information.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that Failure reasons include at least one of the following: The first Ambient IoT command cannot be recognized; The execution of the first Ambient IoT command is interrupted; The memory space is full; The memory space is locked; The cyclic redundancy check (CRC) failed.

21. The method according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that The failed command information includes at least one of the following: identification information of the first Ambient IoT command; Type information of the first Ambient IoT command.

22. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that The Ambient IoT device information includes at least one of the following: Identification information of Ambient IoT devices; Status information of ambient IoT devices.

23. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 22, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Send capability indication information to the first node, where the capability indication information is used to indicate whether the Ambient IoT device has the capability to send the first information.

24. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 23, characterized in that The method further comprises: Receive the first Ambient IoT command sent by the first node.

25. A failure determination method, characterized in that: The method is performed by the second node and includes: Sending first information to the first node, wherein the first information is used by the first node to determine the first passive Internet of Things Ambient IoT The command execution failed.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that The first information is first time information, and the first time information is used to indicate at least one of the following: First moment; the second and third moments; First duration.

27. The method according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that The first node is any of the following: An intermediate node, located between the access network node and the Ambient IoT device; Access network node; Ambient IoT server; Core network functional nodes; A functional node that sends the first Ambient IoT command.

28. The method according to any one of claims 25 to 27, characterized in that The second node is at least one of the following: An intermediate node, located between the access network node and the Ambient IoT device; Access network node; Ambient IoT server; Core network functional nodes; A functional node that sends the first Ambient IoT command.

29. A first node, characterized in that: include: The processing module is configured to determine, based on the first information, that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

30. An Ambient IoT device, characterized in that: include: The transceiver module is configured to send first information to a first node when the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails, where the first information is used by the first node to determine that the execution of the first Ambient IoT command fails.

31. A second node, characterized in that: include: The transceiver module is configured to send first information to the first node, where the first information is used by the first node to determine that the execution of the first passive Internet of Things Ambient IoT command has failed.

32. A first node, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; The processor is configured to execute the failure determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

33. An Ambient IoT device, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; The processor is configured to execute the failure determination method according to any one of claims 16 to 24.

34. A second node, characterized in that: include: one or more processors; The processor is configured to execute the failure determination method according to any one of claims 25 to 28.

35. A communication system, characterized in that: include: a first node, wherein the first node is configured to implement the failure determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 15; Ambient IoT device, the Ambient IoT device being configured to implement the failure determination method according to any one of claims 16 to 24; The second node is configured to implement the failure determination method according to any one of claims 25 to 28.

36. A storage medium storing instructions, characterized in that: When the instruction is executed on a communication device, the communication device is caused to execute the failure determination method according to any one of claims 1-15, 16-24 or 25-28.

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