Antenna unit and antenna device

Abstract

An antenna unit and an antenna device, relating to the technical field of antennas, aiming to reduce the size and cost of an indoor antenna base station. The antenna unit comprises a dielectric block, the dielectric block being of a polyhedral structure; a feeder line located on one outer surface of the dielectric block; and a radiation structure connected to the feeder line, wherein the radiation structure comprises a plurality of radiation branches having different lengths, the plurality of radiation branches are distributed on different outer surfaces of the dielectric block, and the radiation branches comprise at least one bending part.

Description

Antenna unit and antenna device Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna unit and an antenna device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, 5G network construction has developed rapidly, and the number of macro base stations has begun to take shape. Among them, with the development of 5G technology, 80% of network application scenarios will occur indoors, such as stadiums, shopping malls, schools, residential buildings, airports, stations, subways, etc. The coverage of these key areas is the focus of network construction. Relying solely on macro base station coverage is difficult to meet the communication needs of indoor scenarios.

[0003] Overview

[0004] The present disclosure provides an antenna unit, comprising:

[0005] a dielectric block having a polyhedral structure;

[0006] a feed line located on an outer surface of the dielectric block; and

[0007] a radiating structure connected to the feeder line;

[0008] The radiation structure includes a plurality of radiation branches of different lengths, the plurality of radiation branches are distributed on different outer surfaces of the dielectric block, and the radiation branches include at least one bend.

[0009] Exemplarily, the shapes of the plurality of radiating branches include L-shape, T-shape, continuous X-shape and irregular bending shape.

[0010] Exemplarily, when the dielectric block is a hollow block, the extension length of the radiation branch on the dielectric block is a first length; when the dielectric block is a solid block, the extension length of the radiation branch on the dielectric block is a second length;

[0011] Wherein, the first length is greater than the second length.

[0012] Exemplarily, the feed line is located on an outer surface different from that of the radiating structure.

[0013] Exemplarily, the plurality of radiation branches include a first radiation branch corresponding to a first frequency band, a second radiation branch corresponding to a second frequency band, and a third radiation branch corresponding to a third frequency band;

[0014] The first frequency band is lower than the second frequency band, the second frequency band is lower than the third frequency band, and the feeder is connected close to the first radiation branch.

[0015] Exemplarily, the second radiation branches are distributed on a side of the first radiation branches and the third radiation branches away from the feeder.

[0016] Exemplarily, it also includes:

[0017] a short circuit line connected to the radiation structure;

[0018] There is a gap between the short-circuit line and the feeder line.

[0019] Exemplarily, the plurality of radiation branches include a first radiation branch corresponding to a first frequency band, a second radiation branch corresponding to a second frequency band, and a third radiation branch corresponding to a third frequency band;

[0020] The first frequency band is lower than the second frequency band, the second frequency band is lower than the third frequency band, and the third radiation branch is connected to the short-circuit line.

[0021] Exemplarily, it also includes:

[0022] An adjusting branch is connected to the feeder;

[0023] Wherein, the regulating branch is spaced apart from the radiating structure;

[0024] The adjustment branch is configured to provide impedance matching for the antenna unit.

[0025] Exemplarily, the regulating branches are orthogonal to the feeder, and the regulating branches include a first branch and a second branch located on both sides of the feeder.

[0026] Exemplarily, the first branch and / or the second branch has a third branch bent toward a target direction; wherein the target direction is a direction away from the radiation structure.

[0027] Exemplarily, the first branch and the second branch are in an asymmetric structure with the feeder as an axis.

[0028] Exemplarily, the size of the first branch node is different from the size of the second branch node; wherein the size includes a first size in the extension direction of the branch node and / or a second size of the branch node in a direction orthogonal to the extension direction.

[0029] Exemplarily, the dimension of the third branch in the extension direction of the branch to which the third branch is connected is larger than the dimension of the connected branch in the direction orthogonal to the extension direction, and the branch to which the third branch is connected is the first branch or the second branch.

[0030] Exemplarily, either the first branch or the second branch is connected to the third branch; wherein the dimension of the third branch in a direction orthogonal to the extension direction of the connected branch is the same as the dimension of the branch not connected to the third branch in a direction orthogonal to the extension direction.

[0031] Exemplarily, the dielectric block includes:

[0032] The first groove is arranged close to the feeder line. A feed point and two grounding points are arranged in the first groove. The feed point is connected to the feeder line.

[0033] Exemplarily, the depth of the first groove is 0.1 mm to 1 mm.

[0034] Exemplarily, the dielectric block includes a plurality of metal bumps; wherein a first metal bump among the plurality of metal bumps is connected to the feed line.

[0035] Exemplarily, the height of the metal bump is 0.1 mm to 1 mm.

[0036] Exemplarily, the antenna unit further includes:

[0037] a flexible substrate located on a plurality of outer surfaces of the dielectric block;

[0038] The radiation structure and the feed line are arranged on a side of the flexible substrate away from the dielectric block, and the shape of the flexible substrate is the same as the shape of the surrounding line surrounding the radiation structure and the feed line along the edge.

[0039] Exemplarily, crease lines are provided on the radiation structure and the feed line, and the crease lines are located at the junction of different outer surfaces of the dielectric block.

[0040] This embodiment further provides an antenna device, comprising at least one antenna unit as described in any of the above examples; and

[0041] A circuit board is provided with a feed port, wherein the feed port is electrically connected to a feed line in the antenna unit;

[0042] The metal floor is electrically connected to the ground point in the antenna unit.

[0043] Exemplarily, at least one side of the metal floor has an opening.

[0044] Exemplarily, the metal floor is connected to two metal springs, and the feed port is connected to a metal protrusion; wherein, the metal spring is embedded in the first groove of the antenna unit and is electrically connected to the grounding point located in the first groove, and the metal protrusion is embedded in the first groove and is electrically connected to the feed line located in the first groove.

[0045] Exemplarily, the depth of the first groove is less than the thickness of the metal dome.

[0046] Exemplarily, the metal floor is connected to two metal springs, wherein the metal springs are connected to the second metal bumps of the antenna unit, wherein the second metal bumps are the grounding points.

[0047] Exemplarily, a limiting structure is further provided on the metal floor, and the limiting structure includes a limiting column, and the limiting column abuts against the outer side of the second metal protrusion.

[0048] Exemplarily, a second groove is further provided on the metal floor, and the second metal protrusion is embedded in the second groove and connected to the metal spring located in the second groove.

[0049] The antenna unit provided in the above example includes a dielectric block with a polyhedral structure, a feed line, and a radiating structure. The radiating structure includes a plurality of radiating branches, and the plurality of radiating branches are distributed on different outer surfaces of the dielectric block, and the radiating branches include at least one bend. Since the plurality of radiating branches are of different lengths, the antenna unit can cover signals of different frequency bands through radiating branches of different lengths, so that multiple operators can share the same antenna unit, thereby reducing the cost of not deploying base stations indoors. In addition, the plurality of radiating branches can be distributed on multiple outer surfaces of the dielectric block, thereby making the radiating branches arranged in three dimensions, thereby making it possible for the antenna unit to achieve multi-communication frequency band coverage within a limited space, thereby achieving coverage of different frequency bands in a smaller size, and meeting the communication needs of indoor scenarios.

[0050] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present disclosure. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present disclosure, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present disclosure are listed below.

[0051] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or related technologies, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or related technologies. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive efforts. It should be noted that the scales in the drawings are for illustration only and do not represent the actual scale.

[0053] FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of a tiled structure of a first type of antenna unit;

[0054] FIG2 shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first antenna unit in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0055] FIG3 shows a schematic diagram of a tiled structure of a second antenna unit of the present disclosure;

[0056] FIG4 shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a second antenna unit of the present disclosure;

[0057] FIG5 shows a schematic diagram of a tiled structure of a third type of antenna unit in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0058] FIG6 shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a third antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0059] FIG7 shows a schematic structural diagram of the radiation structure, the feeding structure, and the regulating branch;

[0060] FIG8 shows a schematic diagram of a tiled structure of another antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0061] FIG9a and FIG9b are schematic diagrams showing the tiled structures of two other antenna units according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0062] Figures 10 to 14 show schematic diagrams of the tiled structures of five types of antenna units;

[0063] FIG15 shows a front view of another antenna unit;

[0064] FIG16 shows a reverse view of the antenna unit in FIG15 ;

[0065] FIG17 shows a front view of another antenna unit;

[0066] FIG18 shows a reverse view of the antenna unit in FIG17 ;

[0067] FIG19 shows a schematic diagram of a tiled structure of the antenna unit in Example 1;

[0068] FIG20 is a schematic diagram showing simulation results of the antenna unit in Example 1;

[0069] FIG21 shows a schematic diagram of a tiled structure of antenna units in Example 2;

[0070] FIG22 is a schematic diagram showing simulation results of the antenna unit in Example 2;

[0071] FIG23 shows a schematic diagram of a tiled structure of antenna units in Example 3;

[0072] FIG24 is a schematic diagram showing simulation results of the antenna unit in Example 4;

[0073] FIG25 shows a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0074] FIG26 shows a schematic structural diagram of another antenna device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0075] FIG27 and FIG28 respectively show two schematic diagrams of installation structures of the antenna device in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0076] Detailed description

[0077] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0078] In related technologies, antennas deployed indoors are generally referred to as small base stations. Small base stations are significantly smaller than traditional macro base stations in terms of form, transmit power, and coverage range. They are designed to provide refined indoor coverage and are categorized as micro, pico, and femto base stations, depending on transmit power, coverage radius, and number of supported users. According to the indoor coverage construction strategy released by the China Mobile Design Institute, indoor coverage requires a higher investment than macro base stations, accounting for over 50% of the total construction cost of each small base station. Therefore, reducing the construction cost of indoor base stations is an urgent industry challenge. Furthermore, to avoid affecting the aesthetics of indoor décor, indoor small base stations are generally smaller.

[0079] In light of this, the present disclosure redesigns and optimizes the antenna unit structure, designing a small-sized, multi-band, broadband antenna. This allows multiple operators to share the small antenna unit, reducing the size and cost of indoor small base stations. Specifically, the designed antenna unit uses a polyhedral dielectric block as the antenna support, with the radiating structure and feed structure (feeder line) attached to multiple outer surfaces of the dielectric block, resulting in a three-dimensional layout of the antenna unit. This ensures multi-band signal coverage while reducing the overall size of the antenna unit.

[0080] 1 and 2 , FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of a flat structure of an antenna unit, and FIG2 shows a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an antenna unit. As shown in FIG1 and FIG2 , the antenna unit of the present disclosure includes:

[0081] A dielectric block 10, which is a polyhedral structure;

[0082] A feed line 30 located on the outer surface of the dielectric block; and

[0083] The radiating structure 20 is connected to the feeder line;

[0084] The radiation structure 20 includes a plurality of radiation branches of different lengths. The plurality of radiation branches 20 are distributed on different outer surfaces of the dielectric block, and the radiation branches include at least one bend.

[0085] In this embodiment, the dielectric block is a polyhedron. Specifically, it can be a regular polyhedron or an irregular polyhedron. For example, as shown in Figure 2, a cubic structure with six faces is shown. Of course, in other examples, the dielectric block can also have other polyhedron structures, such as an octahedron, as long as the dielectric block has multiple surfaces. It should be noted that the multiple surfaces of the dielectric block can all be planar, all curved, or some surfaces of the dielectric block can be curved while the remaining surfaces are planar. Of course, planar surfaces can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the antenna unit.

[0086] Among them, multiple surfaces of the dielectric block can serve as the bearing surfaces of electrical structures such as the radiation structure and feeding structure of the antenna unit. Since the multiple surfaces are arranged in three dimensions in space, the radiation structure and the sub-feeding structure can be arranged in the three-dimensional space, thereby making full use of the space. Compared with the method in which the radiation structure and the feeding structure are all arranged on the same plane, it can reduce the space occupied and can arrange more electrical structures in a limited space, such as arranging radiation branches with longer lengths.

[0087] Among them, the medium block can be made by machining or 3D printing. The material of the medium block can be polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer (ABS), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS). For example, it can be made of polyphenylene sulfide. When the medium block is a cube, its size can be controlled within 60mm×30mm×30mm.

[0088] The radiating structure is a structure in the antenna unit used to radiate signals, and the feeder is connected to the radiating structure. The feeder is used to feed electrical signals into the radiating structure, allowing the radiating structure to radiate the electrical signals. In this example, the radiating structure and the feeder can be located on different surfaces of the dielectric block. As shown in Figure 2, the radiating structure and the feeder can be located on different surfaces, and the surface on which the radiating structure is located and the surface on which the feeder is located can be adjacent surfaces on the dielectric block. In this way, the radiating structure and the feeder are not coplanar, thereby reducing crosstalk between the radiating structure and the feeder and reducing coupling between the two, thereby ensuring signal radiation quality. Furthermore, when the radiating structure and the feeder are located on different surfaces of the dielectric block, compared to a coplanar arrangement, they can reduce the plane space occupied, thereby helping to reduce the overall size of the antenna unit.

[0089] Of course, in some examples, the feed line may also include a portion that is coplanar with the radiating structure and a portion that is not coplanar with the radiating structure, thereby facilitating electrical connection between the feed line and the radiating branches.

[0090] As described above, all surfaces of the dielectric block can be planes, or the dielectric block may have a curved surface. In one example, the radiation structure can be located on the curved surface, and the feed line can be located on the plane, so that the radiation structure can be a curved surface structure. For example, the radiation branches in the radiation structure can extend on the curved surface, thereby facilitating the spatial layout of the radiation branches in the low-frequency band, so that the layout of the radiation branches in the lower frequency band can be met within a limited space.

[0091] The feed line can be made of metal material, such as copper; the radiating structure can include multiple radiating branches, the feed line is electrically connected to the multiple radiating branches, and the lengths of the multiple radiating branches are different, so that signals of different frequency bands can be covered, such as signals of high frequency band, low frequency band and medium frequency band. For example, as shown in FIG1 , three radiating branches are included, wherein the lengths of the three radiating branches are different, for example, the length of the radiating branch 21 is 0.06λ L ~0.15λ L , corresponding to the low frequency signal, the length of the radiation branch 22 is 0.15λ H ~0.25λ H , the length of the radiation branch 23 is 0.1λ H ~0.15λH , corresponding to high-frequency band signals. Specifically, the low frequency can cover the signals in the 0.84-0.93GHz frequency band, which can meet some of the needs of operators' band8 and band5; the high frequency can cover the signals in the 1.80-2.73GHz frequency band, which can cover the needs of band34, band39, band40, band41, band1 and other frequency bands. Among them, λ L is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency point in the low frequency band, λ H The wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency point in the high-frequency band. Bands 1 / 2 / 5 / 8 / 34 / 39 / 40 / 41 refer to different frequency bands in wireless communication technology. These bands are used for different purposes in WCDMA technology, such as mobile broadband and data transmission. Each band has its own coverage range and transmission rate limitations. The choice of band depends on the specific application scenario and requirements.

[0092] The radiating branches can be made of copper. The length of the radiating branches is determined according to the frequency band of the signal to be covered. The thickness of the radiating branches can be 0.015 to 0.05 mm, such as 0.015 mm, 0.05 mm, or 0.02 mm, etc., which will not be described in detail here. It should be noted that Figure 1 only illustrates the case where the radiating structure includes three radiating branches. In practice, the radiating structure can include a larger number of radiating branches to meet the signal coverage of multiple operators.

[0093] The multiple radiation branches in the radiation structure can be distributed on different outer surfaces of the dielectric block. Specifically, at least one radiation branch among the multiple radiation branches can extend on at least two adjacent surfaces of the dielectric block. That is, there are one or more radiation branches in the radiation structure, and these radiation branches extend on multiple adjacent surfaces of the dielectric block to achieve their required length. For example, part of the radiation branch is located on one surface of the dielectric block, and another part can be located on another surface of the dielectric block, so that different branch segments of the same radiation branch are not coplanar, so that the radiation branches are distributed three-dimensionally in space. With this design, the layout of radiation branches of multiple frequency bands can be realized in a limited space, thereby achieving coverage of different frequency bands in a smaller size, meeting the communication needs of indoor scenarios.

[0094] Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 2, the radiation branch 23 and the radiation branch 22 are distributed on both surfaces of the dielectric block, one section of the radiation branch 22 is located on the upper surface, and the other end is located on the side surface. Similarly, one section of the radiation branch 23 is located on the upper surface, and the other end is located on the side surface.

[0095] In the radiation structure, there may be one radiation branch extending on an adjacent surface, or there may be multiple radiation branches extending on adjacent surfaces. For example, each radiation branch may extend on at least two outer surfaces.

[0096] The overall layout of multiple radiating branches can include the following layouts:

[0097] One layout is: the starting points of multiple radiating branches can all be located on the same outer surface, while different radiating branches extend in different directions onto different outer surfaces. For example, as a variation of Figure 2, there are three radiating branches, the starting points of which are all on the same plane, radiating branch 21 extends toward and is distributed on surface A, radiating branch 22 extends toward and is distributed on surface B, and radiating branch 23 extends toward and is distributed on surface C, where surface A, surface B, and surface C are three different surfaces.

[0098] Another layout is: the starting points of multiple radiating branches can all be located on the same outer surface, where some radiating branches extend in the same direction onto the same outer surface, while others extend in other directions onto another outer surface. For example, if there are n radiating branches, then n radiating branches can be distributed across m outer surfaces, where m is less than n. As shown in Figure 2, radiating branches 22 and 23 extend in the same direction onto the same outer surface, while radiating branch 21 extends in another direction onto a different outer surface.

[0099] It should be noted that when the feed line and the radiating structure are located on different surfaces of the dielectric block, even if the radiating branches extend on different surfaces, the surface where the radiating branches are located can be different from the surface where the feed line is located, thereby making the feed line and the radiating branches arranged separately, thereby reducing interference and coupling between the two.

[0100] Among them, the radiating branch may include at least one bend, and the bend may be located at the junction of different surfaces of the dielectric block, or the bend may be located on the plane of the dielectric block. Specifically, the radiating branch may include one bend or multiple bends. Since the radiating branch has a bend, the radiating branch can be arranged in a limited space, thereby reducing the space occupied and the overall size of the antenna unit.

[0101] For the antenna element adopting such a structure, the dielectric block is a polyhedron structure, and the radiation structure includes multiple radiation branches with different lengths, and the multiple radiation branches can be distributed on different surfaces of the dielectric block. Thus, the radiation branches covering low-frequency signals can be arranged in a three-dimensional space, reducing the occupation of space. At the same time, the feeder line and the radiation structure can be non-coplanar, further reducing the occupation of space by the feeder line and the radiation structure. As a result, the antenna element can cover signals of more frequency bands in a limited space, achieving miniaturization and low cost of the antenna element while meeting the communication requirements of indoor scenarios.

[0102] In some examples, the shapes of the multiple radiation branches included in the radiation structure can be the same, such as all being L-shaped radiation branches. Of course, in some other examples, the shapes of the multiple radiation branches included in the radiation structure can also be different, such as the shapes of the multiple radiation branches can include L-shaped, T-shaped, continuous zigzag-shaped, and irregularly bent shapes.

[0103] For example, the multiple radiation branches can include at least two types of branches such as L-shaped branches, T-shaped branches, continuous zigzag-shaped branches, and irregularly bent branches.

[0104] In this example, through the combination of radiation branches with different shapes, while meeting the length requirements of the radiation branches, it can fully adapt to the surface of the dielectric block, reducing its occupation of the surface space of the dielectric block, thereby helping to reduce the overall size of the antenna element. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 1, it includes three radiation branches. Among them, the shapes of the three radiation branches are different. For example, radiation branch 21 is an irregularly bent branch, radiation branch 22 is a T-shaped branch, and radiation branch 23 is an L-shaped branch. The three radiation branches are bent into the corresponding shapes, making the radiation structure more compact and reducing the occupation of the surface space of the dielectric block.

[0105] Among them, the zigzag shape refers to the Chinese character '几', whose shape is similar to 'n' in English, and the continuous zigzag shape refers to multiple consecutive '几' connected end to end.

[0106] It should be noted that the N radiation branches can have N shapes, or have M shapes (M is less than N). That is to say, the radiation branches of one shape can be one or multiple, which is not limited here. FIG. 1 only exemplarily shows the case where three radiation branches have three shapes.

[0107] In one example, the feeder line can be located on an outer surface different from the radiation structure.

[0108] In this example, the feeder line can be distributed on one outer surface or multiple outer surfaces of the dielectric block. Whether it is distributed on one outer surface or multiple outer surfaces, the outer surface where the feeder line is located can be different from the outer surface where the radiation structure is located.

[0109] In this example, the plurality of radiating branches may be distributed on a plurality of first outer surfaces, the outer surface on which the feeder is located may be referred to as a second outer surface, and the plurality of first outer surfaces may at least include an outer surface adjacent to the second outer surface. For example, assuming that the point at which the plurality of radiating branches connect to the feeder is considered the starting point, the first outer surface on which the starting point is located may be adjacent to the outer surface on which the feeder is located, and the first outer surface to which a radiating branch extends from the starting point may be adjacent to or opposite to the outer surface on which the feeder is located.

[0110] It should be noted that, in this example, the feed line can still extend on multiple outer surfaces of the dielectric block, and the outer surface where the feed line is located is called the second outer surface, that is, it extends on multiple second outer surfaces, and its multiple second outer surfaces can all be different from the first outer surface, or overlap with the first outer surface.

[0111] In one example, the antenna unit can cover a wider frequency band through multiple radiating branches. In this example, the multiple radiating branches include a first radiating branch 21 corresponding to the first frequency band, a second radiating branch 22 corresponding to the second frequency band, and a third radiating branch 23 corresponding to the third frequency band.

[0112] The first frequency band is lower than the second frequency band, the second frequency band is lower than the third frequency band, and the feeder line can be connected close to the first radiation branch.

[0113] As shown in Figure 1, the first frequency band may refer to a low-frequency signal, the second frequency band may refer to a mid-frequency signal, and the third frequency band may refer to a high-frequency signal. It should be noted that the high-frequency signal, mid-frequency signal, and low-frequency signal are used to compare the signal frequencies of the three frequency bands and are not specific.

[0114] For example, the frequency range of the first frequency band can be 0.84 to 0.93 GHz, and the frequency range of the second and third frequency bands can be 1.80 to 2.73 GHz. In practice, by designing the lengths of the first, second, and third radiating branches, signal coverage of the desired frequency band can be achieved, and no specific limitations are imposed herein.

[0115] Among them, the first radiation branch is the longest because it covers the low frequency band signal, so the total length of the first radiation branch is greater than the total length of the second radiation branch, and the total length of the second radiation branch can be greater than the total length of the third radiation branch.

[0116] The feeder line can be arranged close to the first radiating branch, for example, the feeder line is connected to the position of the first radiating branch in the radiating structure. This arrangement can improve the transmission of low-frequency signals.

[0117] In yet another example of this example, the second radiation branches may be distributed on a side of the first radiation branches and the third radiation branches away from the feeder line.

[0118] As shown in FIG1 , compared with the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch, the second radiation branch is farther away from the feeder line. Therefore, the second radiation branch can be distributed at a position far away from the feeder line.

[0119] The spacing between the radiating branches may vary according to the distribution of the plurality of radiating branches. As shown in FIG1 , the spacing between the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch may be greater than the spacing between the second radiating branch and the third radiating branch.

[0120] As another example, for the same radiating branch, the width of the radiating branch may be uneven, and its width can be understood as the thickness of the radiating branch, and different widths indicate different thicknesses of the radiating branch; as shown in Figure 1, the first radiating branch 21 includes two bends, which divide the first radiating branch into three branches, and the widths of the three branches are different, among which the width of the branch close to the second radiating branch is the smallest; in another example, the first radiating branch 21 can also include three bends, which divide the first radiating branch 21 into four branches, among which, among the four branches, the branch farthest from the remaining radiating branches (the second radiating branch and the third radiating branch), such as the leftmost branch in Figure 14, has the largest width, and the widths of the remaining three branches are smaller, and the difference between the three is also smaller.

[0121] The width of the portion of the second radial branch 22 close to the first radial branch 21 is smaller than the width of the portion close to the third radial branch 23; similarly, the third radial branch 23 includes a bend, which divides the third radial branch into two branches, and the width of the portion close to the first radial branch of the two branches is greater than the width of the portion away from the first radial branch.

[0122] In this example, the radiating branches are set with uneven widths to match the routing space of other radiating branches.

[0123] In practice, signal bandwidth is also a factor that antennas need to consider. In one example, to expand bandwidth, the radiating structure can be connected to the metal ground via a shorting line, thereby expanding the signal bandwidth. Referring to Figures 3 and 4 , Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the flat structure of the second antenna unit, and Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second antenna unit. As shown in Figures 3 and 4 , the antenna unit also includes a shorting line 50, which is connected to the radiating structure 20; wherein, there is a gap between the shorting line 30 and the feed line 30.

[0124] In this example, the short-circuit line and the feed line can be on the same surface of the dielectric block, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, which show the situation where the short-circuit line and the feed line are on the same surface. Of course, in some other examples, the short-circuit line and the feed line can be on different surfaces of the dielectric block. It is only necessary to ensure that the short-circuit line is electrically connected to the radiating structure.

[0125] In one embodiment of this example, the short-circuit lines can also extend on adjacent surfaces of the dielectric block. As shown in FIG4 , the short-circuit lines can extend on both the side surfaces and the bottom surface, thereby facilitating short-circuiting the short-circuit lines on the bottom surface with the metal ground at the bottom of the dielectric block. Similarly, the feed lines can also extend on adjacent surfaces of the dielectric block. For example, they can extend on both the side surfaces and the bottom surface, thereby facilitating connection of the feed lines on the bottom surface with the circuit board at the bottom of the dielectric block, thereby feeding in electrical signals.

[0126] In a further example of this example, the multiple radiating branches in the antenna unit include a first radiating branch corresponding to the first frequency band, a second radiating branch corresponding to the second frequency band, and a third radiating branch corresponding to the third frequency band; wherein the first frequency band is lower than the second frequency band, the second frequency band is lower than the third frequency band, and the feed line can be connected close to the first radiating branch.

[0127] As shown in Figure 1, when a short-circuit line is connected, since the short-circuit line can adjust the bandwidth, it can be used to adjust the bandwidth of at least one frequency band. Specifically, it can be connected to a position close to the third radiating branch. In this way, the short-circuit line and the feeder line are set separately and are respectively connected to the first radiating branch at the low-frequency end and the second radiating branch at the high-frequency band. This structure can further improve the bandwidth of the signal coverage.

[0128] In practice, to ensure the signal quality of the antenna unit, metal branches can be added to improve the antenna unit's impedance matching and adjust the high- and low-frequency bandwidths. In one example, the antenna unit may further include an adjustment branch connected to the feed line and located on the same plane as the feed line; the adjustment branch is spaced apart from the radiating structure; and the adjustment branch can be configured to provide impedance matching for the antenna unit.

[0129] Referring to Figures 5 and 6, Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the flat structure of the third antenna unit, and Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the third antenna unit. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the adjustment branch can be connected to the feed line and can be on the same surface as the feed line, and the adjustment branch can have a structure with the radiation structure, which can be used to improve impedance matching and adjust the bandwidth of high and low frequencies. Specifically, the adjustment branch can be made of metal material, and the metal material used can be the same as the material of the radiation branch, for example, both are made of copper material; the thickness of the adjustment branch can be consistent with or inconsistent with the thickness of the radiation branch, specifically, the thickness of the adjustment branch can be 0.015 to 0.05 mm; wherein, the extension length of the adjustment branch can be 0.2λ H ~0.25λ H , which can be evenly distributed on the left and right sides of the feeder, or unevenly distributed on the left and right sides of the feeder.

[0130] In practice, better impedance matching can be achieved by designing the structure of the adjustment branch. For example, shortening the adjustment branch can help improve the impedance matching characteristics and widen the low-frequency bandwidth.

[0131] Among them, when the adjustment branch is connected to the feeder, it can be orthogonal or non-orthogonal to the feeder. When it is non-orthogonal, the adjustment branch can be at a certain angle to the feeder. In some examples, the adjustment branches can be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the feeder, or the adjustment branches can be connected to one side of the feeder. Referring to Figure 7, a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation structure, the feeding structure, and the adjustment branch is shown. As shown in Figure 7, the adjustment branch is located on one side of the feeder and is orthogonal to the feeder. This structure can still achieve impedance matching for the antenna unit.

[0132] For example, as shown in FIG5 , the adjustment branches are orthogonal to the feeder and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the feeder. The symmetrical distribution means that the sizes of the adjustment branches on both sides of the feeder are consistent, and the angles between the branches on both sides and the feeder are the same.

[0133] Several exemplary structures for regulating branches are described below.

[0134] In one example, the regulating branches are orthogonal to the feeder, and the regulating branches include a first branch and a second branch located on both sides of the feeder.

[0135] In this example, the adjustment branch intersects the feeder perpendicularly, wherein the shape and size of the first branch and the second branch can be the same or different. In this example, the adjustment branch is provided on both sides of the feeder, thereby improving the impedance matching effect. For example, as shown in Figure 5, the first branch is on the left side of the feeder and the second branch is on the right side. The first branch and the second branch have the same shape and size, thereby making the adjustment branch symmetrical with the feeder as the axis.

[0136] In another exemplary embodiment of this example, the adjustment branch can have an asymmetric structure with the feeder as the axis. In this case, at least one of the size and shape of the first branch and the second branch can be different. For example, the size of the first branch and the second branch can be different, or the shape can be different, or both the size and shape can be inconsistent.

[0137] Referring to FIG8 , a schematic diagram of a flattened structure of an antenna unit is shown. As shown in FIG8 , the adjustment branch is orthogonal to the feed line, and may include a first branch 61 and a second branch 62. Thus, the first branch 61 and the second branch 62 are both orthogonal to the feed line. In this example, the adjustment branch is asymmetrical with the feed line as the axis. Specifically, the extension length of the first branch and the extension length of the second branch may be different. As shown in FIG8 , the extension length of the first branch on the left side of the feed line may be less than the extension length of the second branch on the right side of the feed line. For example, the total extension length of the adjustment branch is 0.15λ. H ~0.25λ H , wherein the length of the first branch is 30% to 40% of the total length, and the corresponding length of the second branch is 70% to 60% of the total length. Specifically, the extension length of the first branch can be 0.75 times the extension length of the second branch. Under this length design, the impedance matching performance of the antenna unit can be improved, specifically the low-frequency performance can be improved.

[0138] Of course, in some other examples, the extension length of the first branch may be greater than the extension length of the second branch. More specifically, of the first and second branches, the extension length of the adjustment branch close to the radiating branch for low-frequency signals may be smaller than the extension length of the adjustment branch close to the radiating branch for high-frequency signals. For example, the extension length of the first branch 61 close to the radiating branch for low-frequency signals may be smaller than the extension length of the second branch 62. Thus, low-frequency performance can be improved.

[0139] In another exemplary embodiment of this example, the shape of the branch can be designed to adjust the resonance point of the antenna unit. In this exemplary embodiment, the first branch and / or the second branch has a third branch bent toward the target direction; wherein the target direction is the direction away from the radiation structure.

[0140] Referring to Figures 9a and 9b, schematic diagrams of the flattened structures of the other two antenna units are shown respectively. As shown in Figure 9a, the first branch or the second branch is connected to a third branch bent toward the target direction. For example, the third branch 63 can be connected to the first branch 61. Specifically, the branch connected to the third branch can be a branch close to the side of the radiating branch of the low-frequency signal. As shown in Figure 9a, the first branch 61 is close to the radiating branch 21 of the low-frequency signal, and it can be connected to the third branch to improve the low-frequency performance. Alternatively, in another example, the branch connected to the third branch can be a branch close to the side of the radiating branch of the high-frequency signal. Referring to Figure 9a, the second branch is close to the radiating branch 23 of the high-frequency signal, and it can be connected to the third branch to improve the high-frequency performance.

[0141] As another example, as shown in FIG9b , a third branch 63 can be connected to both the first branch and the second branch, thereby improving low-frequency and high-frequency performance and adjusting the resonance point. When both the first branch and the second branch are connected to the third branch, the adjustment branches can be symmetrically structured with the feeder as the axis.

[0142] Of course, in some other examples, the first branch and the second branch may be asymmetrically structured with the feed line as the axis. In this case, regardless of whether the first branch and the second branch are connected to the third branch, they are still asymmetrical. This asymmetrical structural design can improve high-frequency or low-frequency performance and adjust the signal resonance point, so that the antenna unit resonates in the desired frequency band.

[0143] Specifically, as described above, the size and shape of the first branch and the second branch can be designed so that the first branch and the second branch have an asymmetric structure. As shown in FIG8 , the extension length of the first branch can be inconsistent with the extension length of the second branch, thereby making the two have an asymmetric structure. In another implementation, the shape of the first branch can be inconsistent with the shape of the second branch, such as the first branch is connected to the third branch, while the second branch is not connected to the third branch, or the first branch is not connected to the third branch, while the second branch is connected to the third branch, thereby making the shapes of the first branch and the second branch different, and the two have an asymmetric structure.

[0144] Alternatively, the first branch and the second branch are both connected to a third branch, but the angles between the third branch and the first branch, and the angles between the second branch and the third branch are different, which also makes the shapes of the first branch and the second branch different; for another example, the first branch and the second branch are both connected to a third branch, but the sizes of the third branch are different, which also makes the shapes of the first branch and the second branch different. Specifically, in this example, the different sizes of the third branch can be the width of the third branch, that is, the thickness of the branch is different, or the extension length of the third branch is different, or both the width and extension length of the third branch are different.

[0145] In some examples, the extension length of the third branch may be 0.025λ H ~0.035λ H .

[0146] In one implementation, the asymmetric structure of the first branch and the second branch can be achieved by designing different sizes, that is, the size of the first branch can be different from the size of the second branch; wherein the size includes a first size in the extension direction of the branch and / or a second size of the branch in a direction orthogonal to the extension direction.

[0147] In this implementation, the first dimension can be understood as the extended length of the branch, and the second dimension can be understood as the width of the branch, that is, the line width, which represents the thickness of the branch. Since the first branch and the second branch have an asymmetric structure with the feed line, there is a size difference between the first branch and the second branch, such as a difference in the first dimension, a difference in the second dimension, or a difference between the first dimension and the second dimension.

[0148] As shown in Figure 8, there is a difference in first size between the first branch and the second branch, such as the first size of the first branch is smaller than the first size of the second branch. Referring to Figure 10, a schematic diagram of a flattened structure of another antenna unit is shown, as shown in Figure 10, the second size of the first branch is different from the second size of the second branch, and the first size of the first branch is different from the size of the second branch.

[0149] In another example, when a third branch is connected, the width of the third branch can differ from the width of the branch to which it is connected. This increases the width of the branch in the adjustment branch that bends in the target direction, thereby adjusting the signal resonance point. Specifically, the dimension of the third branch in the extension direction of the branch to which it is connected is greater than the dimension of the connected branch in a direction orthogonal to the extension direction, and the branch to which the third branch is connected is the first branch or the second branch.

[0150] Assuming that the extension direction of the first branch and the second branch is the x-direction, the size of the third branch in the extension direction of the branch to which it is connected refers to the size of the third branch in the x-direction, and the size of the branch to which it is connected in the direction orthogonal to the extension direction refers to the size of the connected branch in the y-direction, which characterizes the thickness of the connected branch (the first branch or the second branch). Referring to Figure 11, a schematic diagram of a tiled structure of another antenna unit is shown. As shown in Figure 11, the size of the third branch 63 in the x-direction is greater than the size of the first branch 61 to which it is connected in the y-direction.

[0151] The size of the third branch in the direction of extension of the branch can be the same as or different from the size of the non-connected branch in the direction orthogonal to the extension direction. In other words, the size of the third branch 63 in the x-direction is larger than the size of the connected first branch 61 in the y-direction, but can be the same as or different from the size of the non-connected second branch 62 in the y-direction.

[0152] In this example, either or both of the first branch and the second branch are connected to a third branch, wherein the sizes of the first branch and the second branch can be consistent, such as the first size of the first branch is the same as the first size of the second branch, and the second size of the first branch is also the same as the second size of the second branch, or the first branch and the second branch can be different in size.

[0153] The size of the first branch is the same as that of the second branch. The first branch is connected to the third branch. The size of the third branch in the x direction can be larger than the size of the first branch in the y direction, and the size of the third branch in the x direction can be larger than the size of the second branch that is not connected to it in the y direction. Therefore, the branch is adjusted to have an asymmetric structure with the feeder as the axis.

[0154] Referring to Figure 12, a schematic diagram of a flat structure of another antenna unit is shown. As shown in Figure 12, the size of the first branch and the size of the second branch are the same, the first branch and the second branch are both connected to a third branch, the size of the third branch connected to the first branch in the extension direction of the first branch is larger than the size of the first branch in the orthogonal direction of the extension direction, the size of the third branch connected to the second branch in the extension direction of the second branch is larger than the size of the second branch in the orthogonal direction of the extension direction, and the sizes of the two third branches in the extension direction are consistent, and the sizes of the two third branches in the orthogonal direction of the extension direction are also consistent. Therefore, the adjustment branch is symmetrical with the feeder as the axis.

[0155] In another example, when a first branch or a second branch is connected to a third branch, the third branch may have a size correlation with the branch not connected to it. For example, the size of the third branch in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the connected branch may be the same as the size of the adjustment branch not connected to the third branch in the direction perpendicular to the extension direction.

[0156] As shown in Figure 13, the first branch is connected to the third branch. The extension direction of the branch to which the third branch is connected is assumed to be the x direction, and the orthogonal direction of the extension direction is the y direction. Therefore, the size of the third branch in the y direction can be the same as the size of the non-connected second branch in the y direction.

[0157] In another example, referring to Figure 13, the size of the third branch in the extension direction of the connected branch can be the same as the size of the non-connected branch in the direction orthogonal to the extension direction. For example, if the extension direction of the branch to which the third branch is connected is assumed to be the x direction, then the extension direction of the third branch is the x direction. Therefore, the size of the third branch in the x direction can be the same as the size of the non-connected second branch in the y direction.

[0158] In both of the above examples, the regulating branches on both sides of the feeder can present structures with significant differences, thereby achieving targeted regulation of low-frequency signals and high-frequency signals and improving low-frequency and high-frequency performance.

[0159] Of course, in some other examples, the size of the third branch in the extension direction of the connected branch can be the same as the size of the connected branch in the orthogonal direction of the extension direction, thereby making the thickness of the third branch and the connected branch (the first branch or the second branch) consistent.

[0160] Several exemplary structures of adjusting branches have been described above. In practice, the size and shape of the adjusting branches can be designed with reference to the above examples, and no limitation is imposed here.

[0161] Since the present disclosure adopts a polyhedron structure as a dielectric block to support the feeding structure and the radiation structure, in order to reduce the overall weight of the antenna unit and save costs, the dielectric block can be set to a hollow structure, that is, the dielectric block is a hollow block.

[0162] In this example, the dielectric block can be made of ABS material with lower cost. Since the dielectric block is hollow, the wall thickness of the dielectric block can be 1 to 3 mm, thereby achieving lower weight and lower cost.

[0163] When a hollow dielectric block is selected as the dielectric block, its effective dielectric constant may be reduced. To avoid frequency deviation, the radiation branch may be slightly lengthened based on the set length of the radiation branch to reduce the impact of frequency deviation.

[0164] Therefore, in one example, when the dielectric block is a hollow block, the extension length of the radiation branch on the dielectric block is a first length; when the dielectric block is a solid block, the extension length of the radiation branch on the dielectric block is a second length; wherein the first length is greater than the second length.

[0165] In this example, when the dielectric block is a hollow block, its effective dielectric constant may be reduced. Therefore, the effect of frequency deviation can be avoided by increasing the length of the radiating branches. The added radiating branches can be any one of the multiple radiating branches, some of the multiple radiating branches, or every radiating branch. This can be done based on actual circumstances. For example, as shown in Figure 1, the first radiating branch 21 and the second radiating branch 22 can be lengthened to adjust the frequency deviation of these two branches.

[0166] The length difference between the first length and the second length may be 0.04λ L ~0.05λ L For example, when the dielectric block is a solid block, the length of the radiation branch 21 is 0.06λ L ~0.15λ L、 The length of the radiation branch 22 is 0.15λ H ~0.25λ H , the length of the radiation branch 23 is 0.1λ H ~0.15λ H，， When the dielectric block is a hollow block, the length of its radiation branch 21 is 0.1λ L ~0.2λ L , the length of the radiation branch 22 is 0.15λ H ~0.25λ H , the length of the radiation branch 23 is 0.25λ H ~0.35λ H Among them, the radiation branch 21 covers the signal in the frequency band of 0.83~0.96GHz, and the radiation branch 22 and the radiation branch 23 can jointly cover the signal in the frequency band of 1.84~2.29GHz.

[0167] Among them, when the dielectric block is a hollow block, in addition to lengthening the radiating branch, a third branch can be connected to the first and second branches of the adjustment branch. Thus, through the third branch, the resonance point can be adjusted to the operating frequency band. In this way, combined with the functions of radiating branch 22, radiating branch 23, adjustment branch, and dielectric block, the frequency band of the antenna unit can also cover a higher frequency band on the original frequency band. For example, the original frequency band of 1.84 to 2.29 GHz can now cover signals in the 3.15-3.409 GHz band due to the hollow dielectric block and the function of the adjustment branch. As a result, the low frequency can cover the requirements of Band 8 and Band 5, and the high frequency can cover the requirements of Band 34, Band 39, and Band 1, thereby widening the frequency band.

[0168] In practice, in order to facilitate the assembly of the antenna unit, the antenna unit can be implemented in a multi-module array manner. In this manner, the dielectric block, radiation structure and feed structure can be regarded as multiple modules of the antenna unit. The dielectric block, radiation structure and feed structure can be pre-fabricated and then mounted on the dielectric block.

[0169] In one example, in order to facilitate the assembly of the antenna unit, that is, to facilitate the mounting of the radiating branches and the feed lines on the dielectric block, the radiating structure and the feed lines can be patterned first. For example, a metal layer can be formed on one side of the flexible substrate and double-sided tape can be coated on the other side. The metal layer can be patterned to form radiating branches and feed lines, thereby forming a radiating structure and a feed structure. The flexible substrate can be made of polyimide or polytetrafluoroethylene. Here, polyimide is taken as an example, and the thickness can be 0.02 mm to 0.1 mm. Thus, a flexible antenna structure that can be easily mounted on multiple surfaces of the dielectric block can be formed.

[0170] In this example, when mounted on the dielectric block, the flexible substrate may be located on multiple outer surfaces of the dielectric block, wherein, in order to place the radiating branches of the antenna to bend, the flexible substrate may be pre-cut along the contour of the branches.

[0171] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the antenna unit shown in FIG3 . As shown in FIG14 , the radiating structure and feeder are fabricated on a flexible substrate 72. The flexible substrate may have the same shape as the enclosing line that surrounds the radiating structure and feeder along its edges. The enclosing line can be understood as a shape formed by enclosing the feeder and radiating structure along the contour of the area occupied by the feeder and radiating structure.

[0172] In order to facilitate mounting the antenna structure on the dielectric block, a crease line may be designed for the antenna structure so that the antenna structure can be folded at the crease line when mounted, thereby allowing the radiation branches to extend on at least two adjacent surfaces.

[0173] Specifically, as shown in Figure 14 , the radiating structures and feeder lines can be provided with crease lines 71, which can be located at the intersection of different outer surfaces of the dielectric block. For example, each radiating branch can have a crease line, or even a portion of the radiating branches can have a crease line. The crease lines can assist in folding the radiating branches, thereby facilitating their attachment to different outer surfaces of the dielectric block. Specifically, the radiating branches distributed on at least two adjacent surfaces of the dielectric block have crease lines, with the crease line located at the intersection of the two adjacent surfaces.

[0174] In practice, crease lines can be pre-fabricated in the antenna element, for example, after the dielectric substrate 72, radiating structure, and feeder are fabricated. To clearly indicate the crease lines, a color, such as a black line, can be printed on the metal layer to indicate the crease locations. When attaching the antenna to the dielectric block, the antenna can be folded in half at the creases to attach the antenna to multiple surfaces of the dielectric block.

[0175] It should be noted that there is a crease line on the feeder, so that the feeder can extend on two adjacent surfaces of the dielectric block. In this case, the feeder includes a feeder located on the side of the dielectric block and a feeder located on the bottom surface of the dielectric block, wherein the feeder located on the bottom surface of the dielectric block can be electrically connected to the feeder port on the circuit board, so that power can be fed on the bottom surface of the dielectric block, and the signal reaches the radiation branch on the top surface of the dielectric block along the feeder on the side wall of the dielectric block, and then radiates outward through the radiation branch.

[0176] In some examples, as shown in FIG1 , the antenna unit may further include a grounding point 40, typically two grounding points 40, for connecting to a grounded metal. In practice, the antenna unit's grounding points may be designed accordingly to facilitate electrical connection to the grounded metal. Specifically, a first groove may be provided in the dielectric block, located near the feeder line. A feed point and two grounding points may be provided within the first groove. The feed point is connected to the feeder line, while the two grounding points may be connected to a grounded metal. This grounded metal is referred to as a metal floor in subsequent embodiments of the antenna device.

[0177] In this example, the first groove can be provided on a side of the dielectric block that is close to the feeder and away from the radiating structure. As shown in FIG2 , the first groove can be provided on the bottom surface of the dielectric block. The feeder can extend into the groove, and the two grounding points can be located on either side of the feeder. During installation, a metal protrusion (referred to as a metal spring in subsequent embodiments of the antenna device) can be provided on the metal floor so that the metal protrusion and the groove fit together, thereby achieving a plug-in fit. That is, the dielectric block can be plugged into the metal floor, thereby achieving electrical connection between the feeder and the feed port, and electrical connection between the grounding point and the metal floor.

[0178] 15 and 16 , FIG15 shows a front view schematic diagram of another antenna unit, and FIG16 shows an inverted view of the antenna unit in FIG15 , i.e., the antenna unit in FIG15 is rotated 180 degrees on the vertical plane and the bottom surface is facing upwards to view the antenna unit from the front.

[0179] As shown in Figures 15 and 16, a first groove 91 is provided at the bottom of the dielectric block. Two grounding points 40 and a portion of the feed line 30 are provided in the first groove 91. Therefore, when the antenna unit is installed on the metal floor, the antenna unit can be directly inserted into the metal floor.

[0180] The first groove can be in the shape of a U-shaped groove with a flat bottom. More specifically, the bottom of the first groove can be in the shape of a rectangle to facilitate the production of the metal layer. For example, when producing the grounding point and the feed line on the bottom, the grounding point and the feed line can be formed into a strip of metal layer, thereby facilitating subsequent installation and alignment. Of course, in some other examples, the bottom of the first groove can also be in the shape of a rounded rectangle to increase the alignment space, thereby ensuring the electrical connection between the grounding point and the subsequent metal spring.

[0181] In a further example of this example, the depth of the first groove can be 0.1-1 mm, specifically 0.1 mm, 1 mm, or 0.5 mm. In this example, the dielectric block can be a hollow block or a solid block. In the case of a hollow block, the depth of the first groove is less than the wall thickness of the dielectric block.

[0182] It should be noted that, in this example, the antenna unit may also include a short-circuit line 50, and the dielectric block may also be provided with a first groove corresponding to the short-circuit line. The short-circuit line may extend into the first groove, and then be electrically connected to the metal spring corresponding to the short-circuit line on the metal floor.

[0183] In another design, the dielectric block can be provided with metal bumps that can be inserted into grooves in the metal floor during antenna unit installation, enabling quick installation. Specifically, the dielectric block can include multiple metal bumps; a first metal bump among the multiple metal bumps is connected to the feeder line, and the remaining metal bumps can be referred to as second metal bumps, which can serve as grounding points and be connected to the metal floor.

[0184] Specifically, the metal bump can be disposed on a surface of the dielectric block away from the radiating structure, for example, on the bottom surface of the dielectric block. The first metal bump can be connected to a feeder line. In this case, the feeder line can extend on two adjacent surfaces of the dielectric block. The feeder line can include a feeder line located on a side surface of the dielectric block and a feeder line located on the bottom surface of the dielectric block. The feeder line located on the bottom surface of the dielectric block can be electrically connected to the metal bump.

[0185] In practice, the metal bumps can be round bumps or strip-shaped bumps. For ease of installation, they can be strip-shaped bumps, thereby facilitating alignment during installation and avoiding misalignment.

[0186] Referring to Figures 17 and 18 , Figure 17 shows a front view of another antenna unit, and Figure 18 shows a bottom view of the antenna unit in Figure 17 , which is a front view of the antenna unit after being rotated 180 degrees vertically and facing upward. As shown in Figures 17 and 18 , the bottom of the dielectric block is provided with multiple metal bumps 92. The multiple metal bumps include a first metal bump 921, which is connected to the feed line 30, and second metal bumps 922 located on either side of the first metal bump. The second metal bumps serve as grounding points and are connected to the metal floor.

[0187] Likewise, two second metal bumps 92 may be distributed on both sides of the first metal bump 91 .

[0188] In a further example of this example, the height of the metal bump is 0.1 mm to 1 mm, specifically, 0.1 mm, 1 mm, or 0.5 mm. In this example, the height of the metal bump can be understood as the thickness of the metal bump. The dielectric block can be a hollow block or a solid block. Specifically, a hollow block can be used to reduce overall weight and reduce costs.

[0189] It should be noted that, in this example, the antenna unit may further include a short-circuit line 50, and the dielectric block may further be provided with a third metal bump corresponding to the short-circuit line. The short-circuit line may extend to be electrically connected to the third metal bump, and further to be electrically connected to the metal floor.

[0190] Of course, in some examples, a first groove and a metal bump can be set on the dielectric block at the same time. For example, a first groove and a metal bump can be set on the same surface of the dielectric block at the same time, wherein the feed line 30 can extend into the first groove and be connected to the feed port on the circuit board. The metal bump can include two, which are respectively located on both sides of the first groove. The metal bump is the above-mentioned second metal bump, and the metal bump can be plugged into the metal floor.

[0191] Alternatively, two first grooves and a metal bump can be provided on the same surface of the dielectric block, and the metal bump is located between the two first grooves; wherein, the feed line 30 can be electrically connected to the metal bump, and therefore, the metal bump here can also be referred to as a first metal bump, wherein a metal layer is provided in both first grooves, and the metal layer can be connected to the metal floor, thereby realizing a grounding function.

[0192] Among them, when the first groove and the metal protrusion are provided at the same time, the connection between the circuit board and the metal floor can be adapted respectively, allowing the circuit board and the metal floor to be flexibly designed, thereby facilitating the installation of the antenna unit.

[0193] The structures of several antenna units are exemplarily described below.

[0194] Example 1:

[0195] As shown in Figure 19 , the antenna unit includes a dielectric block 10, a radiating structure 20, a feeder line 30, a shorting line 50, and two grounding points 40. The dielectric block is a solid, cubic structure with six faces, measuring 60 mm × 30 mm × 30 mm, and is made of polyphenylene sulfide.

[0196] Among them, the radiation structure, feed line, short-circuit line and two grounding points are made into an antenna module, which can be assembled on the dielectric block to become an antenna unit; specifically, a metal layer can be formed on one side of the flexible substrate and double-sided tape can be coated on the other side, and the metal layer is patterned to form radiation branches, feed lines and short-circuit lines. Among them, the flexible substrate can be made of polyimide with a thickness of 0.02 mm and is designed with a crease line 71 to facilitate mounting on multiple surfaces of the dielectric block.

[0197] The radiation structure includes a plurality of radiation branches, specifically three radiation branches, which are made of copper material with a thickness of 0.015 mm. The length of the radiation branch 21 is 0.06λ. L ~0.15λ L , corresponding to the low frequency signal, the length of the radiation branch 22 is 0.15λ H ~0.25λ H , the length of the radiation branch 23 is 0.1λ H ~0.15λ H Among them, the low frequency can cover the signals in the 0.84~0.93GHz frequency band, which can cover part of the operator's band8 and band5 requirements; the high frequency band signal can cover the 1.80~2.73GHz signal, which can cover the requirements of band34, band39, band40, band41, band1 and other frequency bands.

[0198] The regulating branch 60 includes a first branch 61 and a second branch 62 . The first branch and the second branch are orthogonal to the feeder, and the first branch and the second branch have the same size, so that the first branch and the second branch are symmetrical relative to the feeder.

[0199] Among them, the short-circuit line and the feeder line are located on the same surface of the dielectric block, and the short-circuit line is also electrically connected to the radiating structure. The short-circuit line is made of copper material. Similarly, the adjustment branch and the radiating branch are all made of copper material; specifically, the thickness of the short-circuit line, the feeder line and the radiating branch are consistent.

[0200] The two grounding points are made of copper material and are located at opposite sides of the feeder line.

[0201] As shown in reference figure 16, two first grooves 91 are provided on the dielectric block, wherein two grounding points are provided in one first groove 91, the feed line extends into the first groove 91, and a short circuit line 50 extends into the other first groove 91. When installing the antenna unit, the dielectric block can be inserted into the metal floor and the circuit board, so that the feed line is electrically connected to the feed port on the circuit board, and the two grounding points and the short circuit line are electrically connected to the metal floor.

[0202] In this example, λ L is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency point in the low frequency band, λ H is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency point in the high frequency band.

[0203] The antenna unit in Example 1 was simulated, and its return loss S11 data is shown in Figure 20. In the 0.84-0.93 GHz and 1.80-2.73 GHz ranges, S11 ≤ -9.5 dB (VSWR ≤ 2) is achieved. Low-frequency bands can partially meet the needs of operators' bands 8 and 5, while high-frequency bands can meet the needs of bands 34, 39, 40, 41, and 1.

[0204] Example 2:

[0205] As shown in Figure 21, the antenna unit includes a dielectric block, a radiating structure, a feeder line, a shorting line, and two grounding points. The dielectric block is a solid, cubic structure with six faces, measuring 60 mm × 30 mm × 30 mm, and is made of polyphenylene sulfide.

[0206] Among them, the radiation structure, feed line, short-circuit line and two grounding points are made into an antenna module, which can be assembled on the dielectric block to become an antenna unit; specifically, a metal layer is formed on one side of the flexible substrate and double-sided tape is coated on the other side, and the metal layer is patterned to form radiation branches, feed line and short-circuit line. Among them, the flexible substrate can be made of polyimide with a thickness of 0.02mm and is designed with crease lines to facilitate mounting on multiple surfaces of the dielectric block.

[0207] The differences from Example 1 are:

[0208] The medium block is a hollow block made of lower-cost ABS material, and the bracket wall thickness is 2mm;

[0209] The adjustment branch includes a first branch and a second branch, both of which are orthogonal to the feeder, and the first branch and the second branch have the same size, so that the first branch and the second branch are symmetrical with respect to the feeder; and the first branch and the second branch are both connected to a third branch, and the third branch is orthogonal to the first branch and the second branch; wherein the branch width of the third branch is slightly larger than the branch width of the branch to which it is connected;

[0210] Adjust the length of the branch to 0.2λ H ~0.25λ H , the extension length of the third branch is 0.025λ H ~0.035λ H ; evenly distributed on the left and right sides of the feeder, λ L is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency point in the low frequency band, λ H is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency point in the high frequency band.

[0211] The radiation branch is longer than that in Example 1. Specifically, the length of the radiation branch 21 is 0.1λ L ~0.2λ L , the length of the radiation branch 22 is 0.15λ H ~0.25λ H , the length of the radiation branch 23 is 0.25λ H ~0.35λ H ; Among them, λ L is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency point in the low frequency band, λ H is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency point in the high frequency band.

[0212] The antenna unit in Example 2 is simulated, and its return loss S11 data is shown in Figure 22. The ranges for S11 ≤ ~9.5dB are 0.83-0.96 GHz, 1.84-2.29 GHz, and 3.15-3.40 GHz. The low frequency can cover the requirements of Band 8 and Band 5, and the high frequency can cover the requirements of Band 34, Band 39, and Band 1.

[0213] By adopting this structure, not only can the impedance matching of the antenna unit be improved by adjusting the branches, but also the bandwidth of the antenna unit can be adjusted by adjusting the structure of the branches through high-height design while reducing the overall weight of the antenna unit, and the bandwidth of higher frequency bands can be expanded based on Example 1.

[0214] Example 3:

[0215] As shown in Figure 23, the antenna unit includes a dielectric block, a radiating structure, a feeder line, a shorting line, and two grounding points. The dielectric block is a solid, cubic structure with six faces, measuring 60 mm x 30 mm x 30 mm, and is made of polyphenylene sulfide.

[0216] The differences from Example 1 are:

[0217] The adjustment branch includes a first branch and a second branch, both of which are orthogonal to the feeder. The first branch is connected to a third branch, which is orthogonal to the first branch. The width of the third branch is greater than the width of the first branch, and the extension length of the third branch is consistent with the width of the second branch. Specifically, the width of the third branch can be 0.01λ. H ~0.1λ H , its extension length can be 0.025λ H ~0.035λ H ;

[0218] Using the antenna unit of Example 3 can improve high-frequency impedance matching and expand bandwidth.

[0219] Example 4:

[0220] As shown in Figure 24, the antenna unit includes a dielectric block, a radiating structure, a feeder line, a shorting line, and two grounding points. The dielectric block is a solid, cubic structure with six faces, measuring 60 mm x 30 mm x 30 mm, and is made of polyphenylene sulfide.

[0221] The differences from Example 1 are:

[0222] The adjustment branch includes a first branch and a second branch, both of which are orthogonal to the feeder, and neither of the first branch nor the second branch is connected to the third branch, wherein the extension length of the first branch is less than the extension length of the second branch. Specifically, the total length of the adjustment branch is 0.15λ H ~0.25λ H The length of the first branch on the left is 30% to 40% of the total length, and the corresponding length of the second branch on the right is 70% to 60% of the total length; for example, the extended length of the first branch is 0.75 times the extended length of the second branch.

[0223] Using the antenna unit of Example 4 can improve the impedance matching at high frequencies and improve the low-frequency performance. The antenna unit in Example 4 is simulated, and the results are shown in Figure 24. The low frequency is in the range of 0.86 to 0.97 GHz, S11 ≤ to 9.5 dB, and the low frequency can fully cover Band 8 and partially cover the requirements of Band 5.

[0224] It should be noted that the above examples are merely illustrative. In some other examples, the antenna unit may not include short-circuit lines and adjustment branches, and can still achieve the purpose of covering multiple frequency bands and reducing the overall size of the antenna unit.

[0225] The above describes several exemplary structures of the antenna unit of the present disclosure. Based on the same inventive concept, the present disclosure also provides an antenna device. Referring to FIG25 , a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the antenna device is shown. As shown in FIG25 , the antenna device may include at least one antenna unit, a circuit board 300, and a metal floor 200. The circuit board is provided with a feed port, which is electrically connected to the feed line in the antenna unit. The metal floor 200 is located on one side of the circuit board and is electrically connected to the ground point in the antenna unit.

[0226] In this embodiment, the metal floor can be a rectangular floor. Of course, in some other examples, the metal floor can also be a floor of other shapes, such as a circular floor. The metal floor can be made of copper material and its thickness can be about 1 mm.

[0227] The circuit board 300 can be a PCB (Printed Circuit Board), having a feed port that can be connected to the feed line on the antenna unit. Signals are input to the feed line via the circuit board. The circuit board can be circular. To reduce the size of the antenna device, the circuit board is kept within 170 mm. The metal floor can be smaller than the circuit board. Specifically, if the metal floor is rectangular, as shown in Figure 25, its size in the x-direction can be 70 mm and its size in the y-direction can be 50 mm.

[0228] In this example, multiple antenna units can be arranged on the circuit board to meet the needs of different operators. When arranging multiple antenna units, different antenna units can cover different frequency bands. For example, antenna unit 1 can cover signals from 0.84 to 0.93 GHz and signals from 1.80 to 2.73 GHz, and antenna unit 2 can cover signals from 3 to 3.5 GHz and signals from 0.84 to 0.93 GHz. Of course, multiple antenna units can also be consistent, thus meeting the signal transmission needs of a large number of communication devices in indoor scenarios.

[0229] It should be noted that when multiple antenna units are used, the multiple antenna units can share the same metal floor, that is, the grounding points of the multiple antenna units are electrically connected to the metal floor, so that when multiple antenna units are included, the overall size of the antenna device can be reduced by sharing the metal floor.

[0230] Because the antenna unit comprises a polyhedral dielectric block, and the radiating structure and feeder are attached to multiple surfaces of the dielectric block, when the antenna unit is mounted on a circuit board and metal floor, the side of the antenna unit connected to the metal floor can be non-coplanar with the radiating structure. For example, the radiating structure and metal floor can be located on opposite sides of the dielectric block. As shown in Figure 25, the radiating structure is located on the upper surface of the dielectric block, while the metal floor is connected to the lower surface. The feeder is located on the side of the dielectric block and extends to the lower surface. This results in a three-dimensional antenna device that can be assembled later using a modular approach. For example, the circuit board, metal floor, dielectric block, and antenna structure (including the radiating structure, feeder structure, and grounding point) can be prepared separately. Later, the antenna unit can be assembled. For example, the antenna structure can be attached to the dielectric block to form the antenna unit. The antenna unit can then be mounted on the metal floor and circuit board, electrically connecting them. This allows for multi-module assembly, simplifying the manufacturing of the antenna device.

[0231] Moreover, when a multi-module array is used, if it includes multiple antenna units and different antenna units can cover signals in different frequency bands, multiple antenna structures can be prepared, and the dielectric block, metal floor and circuit board can maintain the same process. During assembly, according to the signal frequency band to be covered, the appropriate antenna structure can be selected and pasted onto the dielectric block. In this way, the needs of different application scenarios of multiple operators can be met and the assembly flexibility can be improved.

[0232] By using the antenna device provided by the present invention, since the antenna unit includes multiple radiating branches of different lengths and multiple antenna units can share a metal floor, it is possible to simultaneously meet the signal coverage requirements of multiple frequency bands in a limited space, reduce the overall size of the antenna device, and meet the communication needs of indoor scenarios.

[0233] In some examples, the metal floor can be opened laterally. Specifically, at least one side of the metal floor has an opening, and the shape of the opening can be a U-shaped opening or a rectangular shape. As shown in Figure 25, the lateral opening can be used to lengthen the circumference of the metal floor, thereby further reducing the occupied space while ensuring the performance of the antenna device.

[0234] In which, an opening can be set on one side of the metal floor. Specifically, an opening can be set on the side of the metal floor that is not connected to the antenna unit. For example, as shown in Figure 25, if the antenna unit is connected to the upper side of the metal floor, an opening can be set on the left or right side of the metal floor.

[0235] Of course, openings can also be set on both sides of the metal floor. Specifically, openings can be set on both sides of the metal floor that are not connected to the antenna unit. For example, as shown in Figure 25, if the antenna unit is connected to the upper side of the metal floor, openings can be set on the left and right sides of the metal floor, or openings can be set on the left and lower sides of the metal floor.

[0236] As shown in Figure 25, the size of the opening in the x direction is 0.05λ L ~0.08λ L , the size in the y direction can be 0.02λ L ~0.04λ L , λ is the wavelength of the lowest frequency corresponding to the low frequency band. Of course, this size is only an example and is not particularly limited here.

[0237] In some other examples, the opening may not intersect with the grounding point of the antenna unit in the x-direction, that is, the opening may extend into the position where the grounding point of the antenna unit is located, and the position of the opening in the y-direction may be located at the midpoint of the metal floor in the y-direction.

[0238] Of course, in some other examples, the opening is not limited to a U-shaped opening. In practice, the edge of the opening may also be curved, thereby forming an opening with an arc. Compared with a straight opening, the arc opening can increase the circumference of the metal floor.

[0239] As described above, the antenna device may include multiple antenna units, specifically, two antenna units, such as a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit; wherein the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are mirror-imaged and distributed on opposite sides of the metal floor.

[0240] 26 , the system includes a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit. The first antenna unit is located on the upper side of the metal floor, and the second antenna unit is located on the lower side of the metal floor. An opening is provided on the side of the metal floor not connected to the antenna unit.

[0241] In the case of including multiple antenna units, the metal floor may have multiple openings, and the multiple openings may be located on the same side of the metal floor or on different sides of the metal floor, which is not particularly limited in the present disclosure.

[0242] Of course, the more openings there are, the larger the perimeter is, so that the grounding requirements of a larger number of antenna units can be met and the space occupied can be reduced.

[0243] The first and second antenna units are mirror images on either side of the metal floor. This arrangement enhances the aesthetics of the antenna assembly. Alternatively, the first and second antenna units can be rotated 180 degrees, rather than mirrored, to enhance the aesthetics of the antenna assembly.

[0244] In practice, antenna units can be connected on each side of the metal floor to meet application requirements for more input and output channels.

[0245] As described in the above example, the antenna unit may further include a short-circuit line. In practice, the short-circuit line may further be connected to a metal floor, thereby expanding the bandwidth.

[0246] As described in the above example, to facilitate assembly of the antenna unit onto the metal floor and circuit board, a first groove can be provided in the dielectric block of the antenna unit. The grounding point and feeder line can extend into the first groove. Thus, a metal spring corresponding to the grounding point can be connected to the metal floor, and the circuit board can include a metal protrusion corresponding to the feeder line. Thus, the metal spring can be embedded in the first groove of the antenna unit and electrically connected to the grounding point located within the first groove. Similarly, the metal protrusion can also be embedded in the first groove and electrically connected to the feeder line located within the first groove.

[0247] 25 , the antenna unit may further include a short-circuit line, which also needs to be connected to the metal floor. The antenna unit may include two first grooves, one of which has two grounding points and a feeder line, and the other first groove has a short-circuit line. Three metal springs 202 may be provided on the metal floor, electrically connected to the two grounding points and the short-circuit line respectively, and a metal protrusion 203 may be provided on the circuit board (not shown). As shown in FIG25 , the metal protrusion and the two metal springs on the left are embedded in the first groove, the two metal springs are connected to the grounding points respectively, and the other metal spring on the right is embedded in the other first groove and electrically connected to the short-circuit line, thereby achieving grounding of the short-circuit line.

[0248] This structure facilitates the alignment of the antenna unit with the metal floor and the circuit board when the antenna unit is mounted on the metal floor and the circuit board, thereby preventing poor contact due to positional displacement.

[0249] Of course, in another example, multiple first grooves can be set on the bottom surface of the antenna unit, and the multiple first grooves correspond to grounding points, feeding lines and short-circuit lines respectively, with a total of 4 first grooves; the metal floor includes three metal springs, and the three metal springs protrude on the metal floor. A metal protrusion is provided on the circuit board, and the metal protrusion serves as a feeding port, wherein the three metal springs and the metal protrusion are respectively embedded in their respective corresponding first grooves, and are respectively connected to the metal structures (short-circuit lines, grounding points and feeding lines) in the first grooves.

[0250] In another exemplary embodiment of this example, the depth of the first groove may be less than the thickness of the metal dome. For example, the depth of the first groove may be less than the height of the metal dome by more than 0.1 mm, for example, by 0.1 mm or 0.2 mm.

[0251] The width of the first groove is greater than that of the metal spring, and the difference between the width of the first groove and the width of the metal spring cannot be greater than the distance between the feeder wire and the ground wire, thereby ensuring that the metal spring does not misalign.

[0252] In another example, as shown in FIG27 , the antenna unit may include multiple metal bumps 92, wherein the multiple metal bumps may include a first metal bump 921 and a second metal bump 922, wherein the first metal bump is connected to the feed line, and the second metal bump serves as a grounding point. In this antenna device, the metal floor is still connected to two metal springs 202, wherein the metal springs are connected to the second metal bumps of the antenna unit, thereby ensuring the grounding of the antenna unit. Specifically, a metal bump 203 may be provided on the circuit board 300, and the metal bump 203 may be connected to the feed line 30 in the antenna unit. Since the feed line 30 can be connected to the first metal bump, the metal bump 203 may be connected to the first metal bump 921.

[0253] It should be noted that, in this example, the metal floor can be set on the circuit board 300. Specifically, a metal layer can be formed on the circuit board, and this metal layer serves as a grounding metal layer, that is, as a metal floor. As shown in Figure 27, a metal floor is formed on one side of the circuit board 300, and the metal floor is connected to two metal springs, and a metal protrusion is formed on the side of the circuit board 300 close to the feeder line.

[0254] As described above, the antenna unit may further include a third metal bump 923 connected to the short-circuit line 50 , and the metal floor may further include a metal spring 202 connected to the short-circuit line.

[0255] In another example of this example, a limiting structure may be further provided on the metal floor. The limiting structure includes a limiting post 204 , and the limiting post 204 abuts against the outer side of the second metal protrusion 202 .

[0256] In this example, the second metal bump is located outside the first metal bump. As shown in Figure 28, the antenna unit includes four metal bumps: a first metal bump 921 connected to the feeder line, two second metal bumps 922 serving as grounding points, and a third metal bump 923 connected to the shorting line. The metal floor includes a metal dome 202, which can be flush with the metal floor. Figure 28 shows the metal dome in raised relief to illustrate the metal dome. In practice, the metal dome connected to the metal floor is flush with the metal floor, allowing for direct connection to the metal bumps.

[0257] Among them, in order to ensure the positioning accuracy, limit columns 204 can be set on both sides of the metal spring, as shown in Figure 28, including two limit columns on the right and two limit columns on the left. The height of the limit columns can be 0.1~1mm, which can be consistent with the height of the metal protrusion, thereby ensuring that there will be no height deviation during installation.

[0258] Of course, in another example, a second groove is further provided on the metal floor, and the second metal protrusion is embedded in the second groove and connected to the metal spring.

[0259] In this example, a second groove can be formed by digging a groove in the metal floor. A metal spring is placed in this second groove. When assembling the antenna unit, the second metal bump can be aligned with the second groove and connected to the metal spring in the second groove. This structure eliminates the need for a stopper, ensuring a flat bottom installation of the antenna unit.

[0260] Specifically, a third groove can be provided on the circuit board, with a feed port provided within the third groove. When assembling the antenna unit, the first metal bump can be aligned within the third groove and connected to the feed port within the third groove. This structure eliminates the need for a retaining post, ensuring a flat bottom installation for the antenna unit.

[0261] Of course, in one implementation of this example, the metal floor can be provided on the circuit board 300. Specifically, a metal layer can be formed on the circuit board, and this metal layer serves as a grounding metal layer, that is, as a metal floor. As shown in Figure 28, a metal floor is formed on one side of the circuit board 300, and a second groove and a third groove can be provided on the circuit board. The metal floor is connected to the metal spring located in the second groove, and then the second metal bump on the antenna unit is embedded in the second groove to achieve grounding of the antenna unit. The feed port in the third groove is connected to the first metal bump, thereby achieving connection with the feed line. When the antenna unit is provided with a short circuit line, a second groove is also formed on one side of the circuit board. The metal spring in the second groove is respectively connected to the metal floor and the third metal bump on the antenna unit, thereby achieving grounding of the short circuit line.

[0262] The depth of the second groove may be consistent with the depth of the metal bump, or may exceed the depth of the bump by 0.1 to 0.5 mm, such as more than 0.1 mm, or 0.5 mm, or more than 0.3 mm.

[0263] Several exemplary structures of the antenna device are described below.

[0264] Example 5:

[0265] As shown in Figure 26 , two antenna units are included, namely a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit. The antenna units may be the antenna units described in Example 2. The two antenna units are mirror-imaged and located on opposite sides of a metal floor. The metal floor has a U-shaped opening on one side, increasing the perimeter of the metal floor. The opening is located on a different side from the side to which the antenna units are connected.

[0266] A plurality of first grooves are provided on the bottom surface of the antenna unit, a total of four first grooves, and a grounding point, a feed line and a short circuit line are respectively provided in the four first grooves. The metal floor includes three metal springs, and the three metal springs protrude on the metal floor. A metal protrusion 203 is provided on the circuit board, and the metal protrusion serves as a feed port. The three metal springs and the metal protrusion are respectively embedded in their respective corresponding first grooves and are respectively connected to the metal structures (short circuit, grounding point and feed line) in the first grooves.

[0267] The depth of the first groove is 1 mm, and the height of the metal dome is 1.2 mm.

[0268] Example 6:

[0269] The antenna device includes two antenna units, namely a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit. The antenna units may be the antenna units described in Example 2. The two antenna units are mirror-imaged and distributed on opposite sides of a metal floor. The metal floor has openings on the left and right sides, respectively, and the openings are U-shaped, increasing the perimeter of the metal floor.

[0270] The difference from Example 5 is:

[0271] A plurality of metal bumps are provided on the bottom surface of the antenna unit. The plurality of metal bumps may include a first metal bump, a second metal bump, and a third metal bump. The first metal bump is connected to the feed line, the second metal bump serves as a grounding point, and the third metal bump is connected to the short circuit line. The metal floor may further include a metal shrapnel connected to the short circuit line and a metal shrapnel connected to the two grounding points. The metal shrapnel and the metal floor are located in the same plane and have the same thickness.

[0272] Two second grooves are provided on the metal floor, the second metal protrusion is aligned with the second groove and connected to the metal spring in the second groove, and the third metal protrusion is also aligned with the other second groove and connected to the metal spring in the second groove;

[0273] A third groove may be further provided on the circuit board. A feeding port is provided in the third groove. The first metal bump is aligned in the third groove and connected to the feeding port in the third groove.

[0274] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0275] Finally, it should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity, or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, commodity, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or device that includes the element.

[0276] The above is a detailed introduction to an antenna unit and an antenna device provided by the present disclosure. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present disclosure. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present disclosure. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present disclosure, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present disclosure.

[0277] Other embodiments of the present disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

[0278] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

[0279] References herein to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or "one or more embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Furthermore, please note that instances of the phrase "in one embodiment" do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment.

[0280] In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are described. However, it is understood that embodiments of the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0281] In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The present disclosure may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In a unit claim enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third etc. does not indicate any order. These words may be interpreted as names.

[0282] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, rather than to limit them. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An antenna unit, wherein: include: a dielectric block having a polyhedral structure; a feed line located on an outer surface of the dielectric block; as well as, a radiating structure connected to the feeder line; The radiation structure includes a plurality of radiation branches of different lengths, the plurality of radiation branches are distributed on different outer surfaces of the dielectric block, and the radiation branches include at least one bend.

2. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein The shapes of the plurality of radiating branches include L-shape, T-shape, continuous X-shape and irregular bending shape.

3. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein In the case where the dielectric block is a hollow block, the extension length of the radiation branch on the dielectric block is a first length; In the case where the dielectric block is a solid block, the extension length of the radiation branch on the dielectric block is a second length; Wherein, the first length is greater than the second length.

4. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein The feed line is located on an outer surface different from that of the radiating structure.

5. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein The plurality of radiation branches include a first radiation branch corresponding to a first frequency band, a second radiation branch corresponding to a second frequency band, and a third radiation branch corresponding to a third frequency band; The first frequency band is lower than the second frequency band, the second frequency band is lower than the third frequency band, and the feeder is connected close to the first radiation branch. The antenna unit according to claim 5 , wherein: The second radiation branches are distributed on a side of the first radiation branches and the third radiation branches away from the feeder.

7. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: Also includes: a short circuit line connected to the radiation structure; There is a gap between the short-circuit line and the feeder line.

8. The antenna unit according to claim 7, wherein: The plurality of radiation branches include a first radiation branch corresponding to a first frequency band, a second radiation branch corresponding to a second frequency band, and a third radiation branch corresponding to a third frequency band; The first frequency band is lower than the second frequency band, and the second frequency band is lower than the third frequency band. segment, and the third radiation branch is connected to the short-circuit line.

9. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: Also includes: an adjusting branch connected to the feeder and spaced apart from the radiating structure; The adjustment branch is configured to provide impedance matching for the antenna unit.

10. The antenna unit according to claim 9, wherein: The regulating branches are orthogonal to the feeder, and the regulating branches include a first branch and a second branch located on both sides of the feeder. The antenna unit according to claim 10 , wherein: The first branch and / or the second branch includes a third branch bent toward a target direction; wherein the target direction is a direction away from the radiation structure.

12. The antenna unit according to claim 10 or 11, wherein: The first branch and the second branch are in an asymmetric structure with the feeder as an axis.

13. The antenna unit according to claim 12, wherein: The size of the first branch node is different from the size of the second branch node; wherein the size includes a first size in the extension direction of the branch node and / or a second size of the branch node in a direction orthogonal to the extension direction.

14. The antenna unit according to claim 11, wherein: The dimension of the third branch in the extension direction of the branch to which the third branch is connected is greater than the dimension of the connected branch in the direction orthogonal to the extension direction, and the branch to which the third branch is connected is the first branch or the second branch.

15. The antenna unit according to claim 11, wherein Either the first branch or the second branch is connected to the third branch; wherein the dimension of the third branch in a direction orthogonal to the extension direction of the connected branch is the same as the dimension of the branch not connected to the third branch in a direction orthogonal to the extension direction.

16. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: The dielectric block comprises: The first groove is arranged close to the feeder line. A feed point and two grounding points are arranged in the first groove. The feed point is connected to the feeder line.

17. The antenna unit according to claim 16, wherein: The depth of the first groove is 0.1 mm to 1 mm.

18. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: The dielectric block includes a plurality of metal bumps, wherein a first metal bump among the plurality of metal bumps is connected to the feed line.

19. The antenna unit according to claim 18, wherein: The height of the metal bumps is 0.1 mm to 1 mm.

20. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein The antenna unit further includes: a flexible substrate located on a plurality of outer surfaces of the dielectric block; The radiation structure and the feed line are arranged on a side of the flexible substrate away from the dielectric block, and the shape of the flexible substrate is the same as the shape of the surrounding line surrounding the radiation structure and the feed line along the edge.

21. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein Crease lines are provided on the radiation structure and the feed line, and the crease lines are located at the junction of different outer surfaces of the dielectric block.

22. An antenna device, wherein: comprising at least one antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 21; as well as, A circuit board is provided with a feed port, wherein the feed port is electrically connected to a feed line in the antenna unit; The metal floor is electrically connected to the ground point in the antenna unit.

23. The antenna device according to claim 22, wherein: At least one side of the metal floor has an opening.

24. The antenna device according to claim 23, wherein The metal floor is connected to two metal springs, and the feed port is connected to a metal protrusion; wherein, the metal spring is embedded in the first groove of the antenna unit and is electrically connected to the grounding point located in the first groove, and the metal protrusion is embedded in the first groove and is electrically connected to the feed line located in the first groove.

25. The antenna device according to claim 24, wherein The depth of the first groove is smaller than the thickness of the metal dome.

26. The antenna device according to claim 22, wherein The metal floor is connected to a metal spring, wherein the metal spring is connected to the second metal bump of the antenna unit, and the second metal bump is the grounding point.

27. The antenna device according to claim 26, wherein A limiting structure is further provided on the metal floor. The limiting structure includes a limiting column, and the limiting column abuts against the outer side of the second metal protrusion.

28. The antenna device according to claim 26, wherein A second groove is further provided on the metal floor, and the second metal protrusion is embedded in the second groove and connected to the metal spring located in the second groove.

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