Antenna and wireless communication device

Abstract

An antenna and a wireless communication device, which relate to the technical field of antennas. The antenna comprises elements and a feed structure, wherein the elements are distributed in a circular pattern; the elements comprise radiating elements and parasitic elements; the radiating elements and the parasitic elements both have a strip-shaped structure and extend along the circular pattern; two ends of each radiating element and two ends of each parasitic element are arranged adjacent to and spaced apart from each other on a one-to-one basis; and the feed structure is electrically connected to the radiating elements. Elements of the antenna provided in the present application are composed of radiating elements and parasitic elements, thereby reducing the number of radiating elements; and the radiating elements and the parasitic elements are adjacent to each other, such that an active mutual-coupling network can be simplified, and the mutual-coupling strength can also be reduced. When the size of the antenna is reduced, the distance between the radiating elements becomes larger, leading to weaker coupling, such that good impedance matching can be realized over a wider frequency range, thereby facilitating the broadband design of the antenna, and thus the broadband design requirements for the antenna can be met while realizing miniaturization.

Description

Antennas and wireless communication equipment

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on February 28, 2024, with application number 202410223673.7 and invention name “Antenna and Wireless Communication Equipment”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna and a wireless communication device. Background Art

[0003] In wireless communication devices such as wireless local area networks (WLANs), access points (APs) can be integrated with more antennas to increase communication capacity. Dual-polarization antennas can be used to improve channel isolation and reduce inter-stream interference. For example, an AP can use horizontally and vertically polarized antennas to create a cross-polarized antenna configuration, thereby increasing communication capacity.

[0004] Among them, horizontally polarized antennas can be formed by connecting multiple dipole units through a feed network. Compared with vertically polarized antennas, horizontally polarized antennas are larger in size, which is not conducive to the requirements of high integration and extreme cost. To reduce its size, the distance between multiple dipole units can be shortened. However, shortening the distance between dipole units will lead to stronger coupling between different dipole units, thereby affecting the impedance matching performance of the antenna and failing to meet the requirements of broadband design. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides an antenna and a wireless communication device that can meet the broadband design requirements of the antenna while being miniaturized.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna comprising an array and a feeding structure, wherein the array is distributed in a ring shape, the array comprising a radiating array and a parasitic array, the radiating array and the parasitic array both being strip-shaped structures and extending along the ring shape, the two ends of the radiating array and the two ends of the parasitic array being arranged one-to-one adjacently and spaced apart; the feeding structure and the radiating array are electrically connected.

[0007] In the radiating array and the parasitic array, the radiating array is electrically connected to the feeding structure, while the parasitic array is not electrically connected to the feeding structure. The parasitic array can obtain energy from the radiating array through electromagnetic coupling, which will generate a current distribution. The antenna provided by this application utilizes radiating arrays and parasitic arrays to participate in the composition of the antenna array, which reduces the number of radiating arrays. The radiating array and the parasitic array are adjacent to each other, which can not only simplify the active mutual coupling network, but also reduce the mutual coupling strength between the radiating arrays. Therefore, it is conducive to the broadband impedance matching design of the radiating array. When the antenna size is reduced, good impedance matching can be achieved in a wider frequency range, which is conducive to the broadband design of the antenna. That is, the antenna provided by this application can meet the broadband design requirements of the antenna while being miniaturized.

[0008] In one possible implementation, there are at least two radiating elements, which are electrically connected via a connecting line. The feeding structure feeds the connecting line or one of the at least two radiating elements. The antenna is designed with multiple radiating elements, which can improve the gain and circularity of the antenna pattern, achieving more efficient signal transmission.

[0009] In one possible implementation, there are at least two parasitic elements, and at least one parasitic element is located between any two adjacent radiating elements. The parasitic element is used to separate the two adjacent radiating elements. The parasitic element can separate the two adjacent radiating elements, reduce mutual coupling between the two radiating elements, simplify impedance matching of the radiating elements, and facilitate antenna size reduction and broadband antenna design.

[0010] In one possible implementation, there are at least two radiating elements, and the minimum distance between any two adjacent radiating elements is greater than one-fifth of the wavelength of air. A small distance between any two adjacent radiating elements can increase mutual coupling between the two radiating elements, hindering impedance matching of the radiating elements and broadband antenna design.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the number of both the radiating elements and the parasitic elements is two, and the two radiating elements are arranged opposite each other. This reduces the number of radiating elements in the antenna, reduces the number of mutually coupled pairs, and simplifies the active mutual coupling network of the radiating elements. The relatively far distance between the radiating elements reduces the mutual coupling strength between them. This antenna can meet broadband design requirements while maintaining a compact design.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the number of the radiating element is one, and the feeding structure feeds the radiating element. The antenna is designed with one radiating element, and there is no mutual coupling between multiple radiating elements, which is more conducive to reducing the size of the antenna and increasing the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the number of the parasitic array elements is at least two, the at least two parasitic array elements include adjacent parasitic array elements, and there is a gap between the parasitic array elements, and the gap can adjust the intensity and phase of the parasitic array element coupling signal.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the number of the parasitic array elements is at least two, the at least two parasitic array elements include adjacent parasitic array elements, and the parasitic array elements are connected by a spacer, and the spacer can adjust the intensity and phase of the parasitic array element coupling signal.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the number of the parasitic arrays is four, one radiating array is arranged opposite to two of the parasitic arrays, and the two parasitic arrays arranged opposite to one radiating array are arranged adjacent to each other, and the radiation direction performance of the antenna is better.

[0016] In a possible implementation, a shape of at least one of the radiation array and the parasitic array includes at least one of a strip shape, a broken line shape, and an arc shape.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the annular array includes at least one of a polygonal array and a circular array. The annular array can make the radiation energy more uniform.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the array includes a body and a bent portion on the body, with at least one bent portion located at an end of the body. Bending the array can shorten the array length, thereby further miniaturizing the antenna.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the maximum length of the radiating element is less than or equal to half the wavelength of the medium at the operating frequency of the antenna, and the size of the antenna is reduced.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the ratio of the length of the parasitic array to the length of the radiating array is in the range of 0.25 to 4. The parasitic array can couple with the radiating array and generate current, which is conducive to miniaturization of the antenna.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the parasitic array includes a first parasitic array and a second parasitic array. The ends of the radiating array and the ends of the first parasitic array are spaced one-to-one adjacent to each other, and the second parasitic array is located between the annular arrays. The second parasitic array can simplify the impedance matching design of the antenna's radiating array, enabling a compact design while meeting broadband antenna design requirements.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application provides an antenna comprising an array and a feeding structure, wherein the array is distributed in a ring shape, the array comprising a radiating array and a parasitic array, the radiating array and the parasitic array both being strip-shaped structures and extending along the ring shape, the parasitic array comprising a first parasitic array and a second parasitic array, the two ends of the radiating array and the two ends of the first parasitic array being arranged one-to-one adjacently and spaced apart, and the second parasitic array being located between the arrays in the ring shape; the feeding structure and the radiating array are electrically connected.

[0023] In the antenna provided by the present application, the two ends of the radiating array and the two ends of the first parasitic array are arranged one-to-one adjacently to form a ring-shaped array, and the second parasitic array is located inside the ring structure. The first parasitic array and the second parasitic array are both used to avoid the adjacent structures of the antenna from being radiating arrays, thereby reducing mutual impedance and simplifying the impedance matching design of the radiating array. When the antenna size is reduced, good impedance matching can also be achieved in a wider frequency range, which is conducive to the broadband design of the antenna. That is, the antenna provided by the present application can meet the broadband design requirements of the antenna while being miniaturized.

[0024] In a third aspect, the present application provides a wireless communication device comprising a radio frequency chip and an antenna according to any of the above embodiments. The radio frequency chip is electrically connected to the feed structure. The wireless communication device provided herein is provided with a smaller antenna, which does not occupy too much space within the wireless communication device, thereby facilitating the design and layout of the wireless communication device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG2a is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG2 b is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure with two radiating elements provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the spacing between two radiation arrays provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the spacing between two radiation arrays provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure having a radiating element provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a distance between adjacent parasitic array elements provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of adjacent parasitic elements connected via spacers according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a pentagonal array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a hexagonal array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of an array in a circular ring structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a parasitic array having a bent portion provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG13 is a schematic diagram showing the length relationship between the parasitic array and the radiating array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the length of a radiation array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the length of a radiation array provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG16 is a schematic diagram showing the length relationship between the parasitic array and the radiating array provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application having a second parasitic array;

[0043] FIG18 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application having a second parasitic array. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0045] For ease of understanding, the English abbreviations and related technical terms involved in the embodiments of this application are explained and described below.

[0046] Electrical connection: This includes direct connection and coupled connection. A coupled connection can be characterized by close coordination and mutual influence between the input and output of two or more circuit elements or electrical networks, with energy being transferred from one side to the other through this interaction. A direct connection can be characterized by physical contact and electrical conduction between components, or by connections between different components in a circuit structure through physical circuits capable of transmitting electrical signals, such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires.

[0047] It should be clear that the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0048] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0049] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein is simply a term used to describe the existence of three possible relationships between related objects. For example, "A and / or B" can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of both A and B, and the existence of B alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0050] The word "if," as used herein, may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting," depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "if it is determined" or "if (stated condition or event) is detected" may be interpreted as "when it is determined" or "in response to the determination" or "when detecting (stated condition or event)" or "in response to detecting (stated condition or event)," depending on the context.

[0051] It should be understood that the terms “first”, “second”, etc. used in this application are only used for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying an order.

[0052] In the description of this application, the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting this application.

[0053] When used in this application, "within the range of...", unless it is specifically stated that the end value is not included, it is assumed that both end values ​​of the range are included. For example, in the range of 1 to 5, the two values ​​1 and 5 are included.

[0054] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect" and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a conflicting connection or an integrated connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0055] In wireless communication devices such as wireless local area networks (WLANs), multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) technology can be used to improve the communication capacity of access points (APs). This involves integrating multiple antennas into the AP. Dual-polarization antennas can be used to improve channel isolation and reduce inter-stream interference. For example, an AP can use horizontally and vertically polarized antennas to create a cross-polarized antenna pattern, thereby increasing the AP's communication capacity.

[0056] Among them, the horizontally polarized antenna can be formed by connecting multiple dipole units (arrays) through a feeding network. Compared with the vertically polarized antenna, the horizontally polarized antenna is larger in size, which is not conducive to the requirements of high integration and extreme cost. In order to reduce its size, the distance between multiple dipole units can be shortened. The antenna is composed of multiple dipole units. The distance between the dipole units is relatively close, and there is a mutual coupling effect. The antenna needs to be combined with active S parameters for broadband active impedance matching design. The active S parameters of a single dipole are different from the passive S parameters of its array itself. ii parameters, and also the mutual coupling S between the arrays. ij (j=1,2,…N,j≠i. N is the total number of radiation arrays) parameters. And the mutual coupling S ij The dispersion of the parameters (the range of phase variation within a certain bandwidth) will be much greater than its passive S ii When the arrays are far apart, the mutual coupling S ijWeaker, less impactful; when the array spacing is shortened, the mutual coupling S ij The impact increases, especially when the total number of arrays is large. The more mutually coupled pairs formed between different arrays, the more complex the impact. This makes it difficult to achieve good impedance matching across a wide frequency range, hindering the requirements of broadband antenna design. To address this issue, the design can focus on reducing the total number of radiating dipole elements (reducing the number of mutually coupled pairs) and reducing mutual coupling.

[0057] The present application provides an antenna 100, as shown in Figures 1, 2a and 2b, the antenna 100 includes a substrate 110, an array 120 and a feeding structure 130. The antenna 100 provided in the present application can be used in wireless communication equipment. For example, the antenna 100 can be an antenna of a wireless access point (AP), an antenna of a router, an antenna of a base station, etc. The antenna 100 can be used to radiate electromagnetic waves, or to receive electromagnetic waves, or to both radiate and receive electromagnetic waves. For example, the antenna 100 described in the present application can be an antenna 100 of an AP installed on a ceiling, the plane where the antenna 100 is located is parallel to the earth, the substrate 110 is parallel to the earth, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna 100 is parallel to the earth, and the antenna 100 is a horizontally polarized antenna.

[0058] The substrate 110 may be a circuit board having a base surface 111 (i.e., the front and back surfaces of the circuit board). The antenna 100's array 120 is disposed on the base surface 111. The array 120 is arranged in a ring shape and includes a radiating array 121 and a parasitic array 122. The radiating array 121 is capable of receiving or radiating electromagnetic waves. The radiating array 121 may include a dipole. The parasitic array 122 may be a passive conductive element not electrically connected to any other components. Both the radiating array 121 and the parasitic array 122 are strip-shaped and extend along a ring shape. The ends of the radiating array 121 and the ends of the parasitic array 122 are arranged one-to-one adjacent to each other to form the ring-shaped array 120. The ring-shaped array 120 may include one or more radiating arrays 121, with "more" meaning two or more (hereinafter, the meaning of "more" is the same). The number of parasitic arrays 122 may also be multiple.

[0059] Regarding the annular array 120, the annular shape can be a circular ring, or a ring formed by connecting multiple sides in sequence, for example, it can be a ring formed by connecting four sides in sequence, or a ring formed by connecting five sides in sequence, or a ring formed by connecting more sides in sequence.

[0060] The feeding structure 130 is electrically connected to the radiating array 121. The feeding structure 130 is used to connect to an external RF feeding port, and the radiating array 121 is fed through the feeding structure 130. The feeding structure 130 may include a feeding point 131 and a feeding line 132. The feeding point 131 may be located on the radiating array 121, or when there are multiple radiating arrays 121, the feeding point 131 may be located between multiple radiating arrays 121. The feeding line 132 may be an RF feeding point such as a coaxial line or a microstrip line. After the coaxial line is connected to the external RF feeding port, the electrical signal may flow to the radiating array 121 through the coaxial line, so that the electrical signal passes through the radiating array 121. The antenna 100 converts the conducted electromagnetic wave into a radiated electromagnetic wave and transmits it, or the antenna 100 converts the received electromagnetic wave in space into a conducted electromagnetic wave and transmits it to the RF port.

[0061] The antenna provided in this application is composed of a radiating array 121 and a parasitic array 122. In the radiating array 121 and the parasitic array 122, the radiating array 121 is electrically connected to the feeding structure 130, and the radiating array 121 can radiate electromagnetic waves. The parasitic array 122 is not electrically connected to the feeding structure 130. The parasitic array 122 can obtain energy from the radiating array 121 through electromagnetic coupling and also generate current distribution. Finally, the antenna 100 can generate a better horizontally polarized omnidirectional radiation pattern, and the antenna 100 has good radiation directional performance.

[0062] The radiating array 121 electrically connected to the feeding structure 130 needs to adjust the impedance characteristics of the radiating array 121 through impedance matching design to ensure that the signal can be efficiently transmitted to the antenna and radiated. The impedance matching design (active S parameter) of the radiating array 121 is related to both the radiating array 121 itself and the mutual coupling S between the arrays around the radiating array 121 and the radiating array 121. ij The radiating element 121 is adjacent to the parasitic element 122, but not adjacent to the radiating element 121. Although the parasitic element 122 is coupled with the radiating element 121, the parasitic element 122 does not introduce new mutual coupling S because the parasitic element 122 has no direct feed signal. ij Replacing the radiating array with a parasitic array can reduce the total number of radiating arrays N, thereby reducing the size of the mutual coupling matrix [S], thereby simplifying the difficulty of solution and design.

[0063] Conventional horizontally polarized antennas are composed of radiating elements, with at least three radiating elements forming a ring-shaped array. Therefore, compared to conventional horizontally polarized antennas, the antenna provided in this application utilizes both radiating elements and parasitic elements to form the antenna element, reducing the number of radiating elements. The proximity of the radiating elements to the parasitic elements not only simplifies the active mutual coupling network but also reduces the mutual coupling strength. This facilitates the broadband impedance matching design of the radiating elements 121. When the size of the antenna 100 is reduced, the distance between the radiating elements 121 is relatively large, resulting in weak coupling. This allows for good impedance matching over a wide frequency range, facilitating the broadband design of the antenna. In other words, the antenna provided in this application can meet the broadband design requirements of the antenna while maintaining a miniaturized design.

[0064] In one possible embodiment, there are at least two radiating arrays 121, and the multiple radiating arrays 121 are not adjacent. A parasitic array 122 is provided between different radiating arrays 121, and the number of parasitic arrays 122 can be multiple. At least two radiating arrays 121 are electrically connected via a connecting line 140, which may include a feeder line. At least two radiating arrays 121 can be connected via a feeder line. For example, referring to FIG2a, when there are two radiating arrays 121, the two radiating arrays 121 can be connected via a connecting line 140, and the two radiating arrays 121 are electrically connected via the connecting line 140. When there are four radiating arrays 121 (not shown in the figure), the four radiating arrays 121 can be connected separately via four connecting lines 140, or two of the radiating arrays 121 can be electrically connected in pairs via the connecting lines 140, and then the two electrically connected radiating arrays 121 are electrically connected. The feeding structure feeds on the connecting line or on one of the at least two radiating arrays. Specifically, the feeding structure 130 can feed the connecting line 140, that is, the feeding point 131 can be located on the connecting line 140. The feeding point 131 can be located at any position on the connecting line 140, for example, at the midpoint of the connecting line 140. The feeding structure 130 can also feed one of the at least two radiating elements 121, that is, the feeding point 131 can be located on one of the at least two radiating elements 121. The antenna 100 is designed with multiple radiating elements 121. Multiple radiating elements 121 can improve the gain and circularity of the antenna pattern of the antenna 100, achieving more efficient signal transmission.

[0065] In a possible implementation, the number of the parasitic arrays 122 is at least two, and there is at least one parasitic array 122 between any two adjacent radiation arrays 121 of the at least two radiation arrays 121 . The parasitic array 122 is used to separate the two adjacent radiation arrays 121 .

[0066] When there are multiple radiation arrays 121, there can be at least two parasitic arrays 122. The parasitic array 122 can be located between any two adjacent radiation arrays 121 in the plurality of radiation arrays 121. The parasitic array 122 can be used to separate two adjacent radiation arrays 121, and there can be multiple spaces between any two adjacent radiation arrays 121 in the plurality of radiation arrays 121. For example, in one embodiment, referring to FIG. 2 a , there are two radiation arrays 121, and a parasitic array 122 is located between one end of one radiation array 121 and one end of another radiation array 121. The radiation arrays 121 and the parasitic arrays 122 are adjacent to each other at both ends, forming a quadrilateral array 120. In one embodiment, as shown in FIG3 , there are two radiating elements 121. Two parasitic elements 122 are located between one end of one radiating element 121 and the other end of the other radiating element 121. The radiating elements 121 and the ends of the parasitic elements 122 are arranged one-to-one adjacent to form a hexagonal array 120. Parasitic elements 122 are spaced apart between adjacent radiating elements 121. The parasitic elements 122 separate the two adjacent radiating elements 121, reducing mutual coupling between them and simplifying impedance matching for the radiating elements 121, thereby reducing antenna size and achieving a broadband antenna design.

[0067] In one possible embodiment, the number of radiation arrays 121 is at least two, and in the at least two radiation arrays 121, the minimum distance between any two adjacent radiation arrays 121 is greater than one-fifth of the air wavelength (i.e., the air wavelength λ / 5). The air wavelength refers to the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave of a certain frequency when it is transmitted in the air within one vibration cycle. The minimum distance L1 between any two adjacent radiation arrays 121 is a straight-line distance, and is the distance between the outermost sides of any two adjacent radiation arrays 121. Referring to FIG4 , in a quadrilateral array 120, the minimum distance L1 between two adjacent radiation arrays 121 is the vertical distance between the two radiation arrays 121, and the minimum distance L1 is greater than the air wavelength λ / 5. Referring to FIG5 , in a ring-shaped array 120, the minimum distance L1 between two adjacent radiation arrays 121 is the distance between the far ends of the two radiation arrays 121, and the minimum distance L1 is greater than the air wavelength λ / 5. If the distance between any two adjacent radiating elements 121 is too small, the mutual coupling between the two radiating elements 121 will be increased, which is not conducive to the impedance matching of the radiating elements 121 and the broadband design of the antenna.

[0068] In one possible embodiment, there are two radiating elements 121 and two parasitic elements 122, each of which is positioned opposite to each other. Referring to FIG. 2 a , the antenna 100 includes two radiating elements 121 and two parasitic elements 122, with the ends of the radiating elements 121 and the ends of the parasitic elements 122 adjacent to each other in a one-to-one relationship to form a ring-shaped array 120. The two radiating elements 121 and the two parasitic elements 122 are positioned opposite to each other, and the two parasitic elements 122 are positioned opposite to each other. The radiating elements 121 and the parasitic elements 122 can both be elongated strips, with the ends of the radiating elements 121 and the ends of the parasitic elements 122 adjacent to each other in a one-to-one relationship to form a quadrilateral array 120. Alternatively, the radiating elements 121 and the parasitic elements 122 can both be arc-shaped structures, with the ends of the radiating elements 121 and the ends of the parasitic elements 122 adjacent to each other in a one-to-one relationship to form a ring-shaped array 120. The parasitic array 122 can obtain energy from the radiating array 121 through electromagnetic coupling and generate a current distribution. Ultimately, the antenna 100 can produce a horizontal omnidirectional pattern with a non-circularity of approximately 3dB-5dB, and the antenna 100 has good radiation directional performance. Compared with traditional horizontally polarized antennas, the number of radiating arrays in the antenna provided by this embodiment is reduced by half, the number of mutually coupled pairs is reduced, and the active mutual coupling network of the radiating arrays is simplified. The relatively large spacing between the radiating arrays reduces the mutual coupling strength between the radiating arrays. This can meet the broadband design requirements of the antenna while maintaining a miniaturized design.

[0069] In one possible embodiment, the number of radiating arrays 121 is one, and the feeding structure 130 feeds the radiating array 121. Referring to FIG6 , the number of radiating arrays 121 can be one, and both ends of one radiating array 121 are adjacent to the parasitic array 122. The number of parasitic arrays 122 can be at least two. The feeding structure 130 can feed the radiating array 121, that is, the feeding point 131 can be located on the radiating array 121, and the feeding point 131 can be located at any position of the radiating array 121, for example, at the center of the radiating array 121. The antenna 100 is designed with one radiating array 121, and there is no mutual coupling between multiple radiating arrays, which is more conducive to reducing the size of the antenna and improving the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0070] In one possible embodiment, there are at least two parasitic elements 122, and the at least two parasitic elements 122 include adjacent parasitic elements 122, with a gap between the parasitic elements 122. Referring to FIG6 and FIG7 , in the annular array 120, there can be multiple parasitic elements 122, with adjacent parasitic elements 122 being spaced apart, i.e., there is a gap between adjacent parasitic elements 122. The gap can adjust the strength and phase of the coupling signal between the adjacent parasitic elements 122.

[0071] In one possible embodiment, there are at least two parasitic elements 122, and the at least two parasitic elements 122 include adjacent parasitic elements 122, which are connected by spacers 150. Referring to FIG8 , in the annular array 120, the number of parasitic elements 122 can be multiple, with adjacent parasitic elements 122 present within the plurality of parasitic elements 122. Adjacent parasitic elements 122 are spaced apart, and the spaced adjacent parasitic elements 122 are connected by spacers 150. Spacers 150 can be an insulating member, including but not limited to a spacing structure made of materials such as ceramic, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and rubber, or they can be one or more components such as an inductor, a capacitor, a resistor, or a switch. Spacers 150 can adjust the strength and phase of the coupling signal between the parasitic elements, for example, by adjusting the length of the spacing structure made of the insulating material, the capacitance of the capacitor, or the resistance of the resistor.

[0072] In one possible embodiment, in the annular array 120, there can be multiple parasitic arrays 122, and there are adjacent parasitic arrays 122 among the multiple parasitic arrays 122. The adjacent parasitic arrays 122 are spaced apart, and there is a gap between the adjacent parasitic arrays 122. A spacer 150 can be partially set in the gap, and the spacer 150 connects one of the parasitic arrays 122, that is, there is both a spacer 150 and a gap between the adjacent parasitic arrays 122.

[0073] In one possible embodiment, there are four parasitic arrays 122. One radiating array 121 is disposed opposite two of the parasitic arrays 122, and the two parasitic arrays 122 disposed opposite one radiating array 121 are disposed adjacent to each other. Referring to FIG6 , there is one radiating array 121 and four parasitic arrays 122. One radiating array 121 and four parasitic arrays are connected at both ends to form a quadrilateral array 120. In this quadrilateral array 120, the radiating array 121 and the two parasitic arrays 122 are disposed opposite each other, that is, the radiating array 121 forms one side of the quadrilateral, and the ends of the two parasitic arrays 122 are connected to form the other side of the quadrilateral. The side formed by the radiating array 121 and the side formed by the two parasitic arrays 122 are disposed opposite and parallel to each other. It is understood that the "parallel arrangement" here can also mean that the two sides are nearly parallel. The parasitic array 122 can obtain energy from the radiating array 121 through electromagnetic coupling, and also generate current distribution. Finally, the antenna 100 can generate a horizontal omnidirectional radiation pattern. The non-circularity of the horizontal omnidirectional radiation pattern is 2-3dB different from the non-circularity of the horizontal omnidirectional radiation pattern of the antenna formed by the two radiating arrays 121 and the two parasitic arrays 122 being arranged relative to each other to form a quadrilateral shape. The radiation direction performance of the antenna 100 is good.

[0074] In one possible implementation, at least one of the radiating array 121 and the parasitic array 122 has a shape that includes at least one of an elongated strip, a zigzag line, and an arc. In some possible embodiments, the radiating array 121 and the parasitic array 122 may both be elongated strips; or both may both be zigzag lines; or both may both be arcs; or the radiating array 121 may be elongated strips and the parasitic array 122 may be arcs; or the radiating array 121 may be arcs and the parasitic array 122 may be elongated strips, and so on.

[0075] In one possible embodiment, the annular array 120 includes at least one of a polygonal array and a circular array. In some possible embodiments, the ends of the radiating array 121 and the parasitic array 122 are one-to-one adjacent to form a polygonal array 120; or the ends of the radiating array 121 and the parasitic array 122 are one-to-one adjacent to form a circular array 120 (as shown in Figures 3, 7, and 11, etc.). It is understood that the polygonal shape can be a quadrilateral (as shown in Figure 2a), a pentagon (as shown in Figure 9), or a hexagon (as shown in Figure 10), etc., which are not listed here. The annular array 120 can make the radiation energy more uniform.

[0076] In a possible implementation, the array 120 includes a body 1221 and a bending portion 1222 located on the body 1221 . There is at least one bending portion 1222 , and the at least one bending portion 1222 is located at an end of the body 1221 .

[0077] The array 120 includes a radiating array 121 and a parasitic array 122. The array 120 includes a main body 1221 and a bent portion 1222 located on the main body 1221. That is, the radiating array 121 may include the main body 1221 and the bent portion 1222 located on the main body 1221, or the parasitic array 122 may include the main body 1221 and the bent portion 1222 located on the main body 1221, or both the radiating array 121 and the parasitic array 122 may include the main body 1221 and the bent portion 1222 located on the main body 1221.

[0078] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG1 , there are two radiating arrays 121. The two radiating arrays 121 may include a body 1221 and a bent portion 1222 located on the body 1221. The bent portion 1222 is located on the body 1221. The bent portion 1222 and the body 1221 may be integrally formed, or the body 1221 and the bent portion 1222 may be connected via other connecting structures. The bent portion 1222 may face the interior of the annular array 120. The radiating array 121 may include two bent portions 1222, each located at either end of the radiating array 121.

[0079] There are four parasitic array elements 122, each of which may include a main body 1221 and a bent portion 1222 located on the main body 1221. The bent portion 1222 is located on the main body 1221. The bent portion 1222 and the main body 1221 may be integrally formed, or the main body 1221 and the bent portion 1222 may be connected via other connecting structures. The bent portion 1222 may face the interior of the annular array 120. The parasitic array element 122 may include one bent portion 1222, which may be located at one end of the parasitic array element 122.

[0080] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG12 , there are two parasitic array elements 122 . The two parasitic array elements 122 may further include a main body 1221 and a bent portion 1222 . The bent portion 1222 is located on the main body 1221 . The bent portion 1222 and the main body 1221 may be integrally formed, or the main body 1221 and the bent portion 1222 may be connected via other connecting structures. The bent portion 1222 may face inward of the annular array element 120 . There may be two bent portions 1222 , both located on the main body 1221 . The two bent portions 1222 may be located at either end of the main body 1221 .

[0081] By bending the array 120, the length of the array 120 can be shortened, thereby further miniaturizing the antenna. In addition, the bent portion 1222 is conducive to improving the out-of-roundness of the antenna.

[0082] It is understood that the shape of the main body 1221 can be a long strip or an arc. The shape of the bent portion 1222 can be a long strip, a multi-fold line, or an arc. It is understood that the bent portion 1222 can face the interior of the annular array 120, the exterior of the annular array 120, or partially face the interior of the annular array 120 and partially face the exterior of the annular array 120, etc. It is understood that the radiating array 121 can also have a curved shape.

[0083] In a possible implementation, the maximum length of the radiation element 121 is less than or equal to half of the wavelength of the medium at the antenna operating frequency.

[0084] The length of the radiating array 121 is L3. Figures 13 to 16 show radiating arrays 121 in various shapes. Figures 13 and 14 show radiating arrays 121 in an elongated strip shape, where L3 represents the length of the elongated strip radiating array 121. Figure 15 shows radiating array 121 with a bend 1222. In this case, the length L3 of the radiating array 121 is the sum of the lengths of L3a, L3b, and L3c. The dashed lines on the radiating array 121 in Figure 15 represent the symmetry lines of the main body 1221 and the bend 1222 of the radiating array 121. Figure 16 shows radiating array 121 in an arc shape, where the length L3 represents the arc length of the arc-shaped radiating array 121. The maximum length L3 of the radiating array 121 is less than or equal to half the wavelength of the medium at the antenna's operating frequency. The antenna 100 is capable of sending or receiving electromagnetic waves when in operation. The dielectric wavelength refers to the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna in the electromagnetic material when in operation, and the operating frequency of the antenna 100 is the frequency of the electromagnetic waves. The maximum length of the radiating array 121 can be reduced to one-fifth of the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating frequency. For example, taking a 5GHz band antenna as an example, the dielectric wavelength of a 5GHz band antenna is approximately 60 mm, and the maximum length of the radiating array 121 can be reduced to one-fifth of the dielectric wavelength of a 5GHz band antenna, that is, it can be reduced to 12 mm. When the antenna is a 2.5GHz frequency antenna, the maximum length of the radiating array 121 can be reduced to approximately 24 mm. The size of the antenna 100 can be greatly reduced.

[0085] In one possible embodiment, the ratio of the length of the parasitic array 122 to the length of the radiating array 121 is in the range of 0.25 to 4. The length of the radiating array 121 is L3, and the length of the parasitic array 122 is L4. It should be noted that when the radiating array 121 and / or the parasitic array 122 have a bend 1222, the length L3 of the radiating array 121 and the length L4 of the parasitic array 122 include the length of the main body 1221 and the length of the bend 1222. For example, in Figure 13, the length L4 of the parasitic array 122 is the sum of the lengths of L4a, L4b, and L4c. The dashed lines on the parasitic array 122 in Figure 13 represent the symmetry lines of the main body 1221 and the bend 1222 of the parasitic array 122. When the radiating element 121 and the parasitic element 122 form a polygonal array 120, the length L3 of the radiating element 121 and the length L4 of the parasitic element 122 can be seen in Figure 13 . When the radiating element 121 and the parasitic element 122 form a ring-shaped array 120, the length L3 of the radiating element 121 and the length L4 of the parasitic element 122 can be seen in Figure 16 . When the ratio of the length L4 of the parasitic element 122 to the length L3 of the radiating element 121 is within a range of 0.25 to 4, the parasitic element 122 can couple with the radiating element 121 and generate current, which facilitates antenna miniaturization.

[0086] In a possible implementation, the parasitic array 122 includes a first parasitic array 122 a and a second parasitic array 122 b . The two ends of the radiation array 121 and the two ends of the first parasitic array 122 a are arranged adjacent to each other in a one-to-one manner to form an annular array 120 . The second parasitic array 122 b is located between the annular arrays 120 .

[0087] As shown in Figures 17 and 18 , the parasitic array 122 may further include a first parasitic array 122a and a second parasitic array 122b. The two ends of the radiating array 121 and the two ends of the first parasitic array 122a are spaced one-on-one adjacent to each other to form the annular array 120. The second parasitic array 122b is located between the annular array 120, i.e., the second parasitic array 122b is located within the annular shape. The second parasitic array 122b can be located at any position within the annular array 120 and facing any direction. Any number of second parasitic arrays 122b can be provided within the annular array 120, i.e., one, two, three, or so on.

[0088] The present application also provides an antenna 100, comprising an array 120 and a feed structure 130. Array 120 is arranged in a ring shape and includes a radiating array 121 and a parasitic array 122. Both radiating array 121 and parasitic array 122 are strip-shaped and extend along the ring shape. Parasitic array 122 includes a first parasitic array 122a and a second parasitic array 122b. The ends of radiating array 121 and the ends of first parasitic array 122a are arranged one-to-one adjacent to each other to form the ring-shaped array 120. Second parasitic array 122b is located between the ring-shaped array 120. Feed structure 130 and radiating array 121 are electrically connected.

[0089] In the antenna provided by the present application, the two ends of the radiating array 121 and the two ends of the first parasitic array 122a are arranged in a one-to-one adjacent manner to form a ring-shaped array 120. The second parasitic array 122b is located inside the ring structure. The first parasitic array 122a and the second parasitic array 122b are both used to prevent adjacent antenna structures from being the same radiating array 121, thereby reducing mutual impedance and simplifying the impedance matching design of the radiating array 121. When the size of the antenna 100 is reduced, good impedance matching can also be achieved in a wider frequency range, which is conducive to the broadband design of the antenna. That is, the antenna provided by the present application can meet the broadband design requirements of the antenna while being miniaturized.

[0090] The present application also provides a wireless communication device, comprising a radio frequency chip (not shown in the figure) and an antenna as described in any of the above embodiments. The radio frequency chip is electrically connected to the feed structure. The radio frequency chip has a radio frequency feed port, and the radio frequency feed port of the radio frequency chip is electrically connected to the feed structure. The signal generated by the radio frequency chip can be effectively transmitted to the feed structure, and then transmitted or received through the antenna. The wireless communication device may include one or more wireless communication devices such as routers, APs and base stations. The antenna in the wireless communication device can be used as a transmitting antenna or as a receiving antenna. The wireless communication device provided in the present application is provided with a smaller antenna 100, which does not take up too much space inside the wireless communication device, and is beneficial to the design and layout of the wireless communication device.

[0091] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: include: Arrays are distributed in a ring shape, and the arrays include radiation arrays and parasitic arrays. The radiation arrays and the parasitic arrays are both strip-shaped and extend along the ring shape. The two ends of the radiation array and the two ends of the parasitic array are arranged adjacent to each other in a one-to-one interval. The feeding structure is electrically connected to the radiating element.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein There are at least two radiating arrays, and the at least two radiating arrays are electrically connected via a connecting line. The feeding structure feeds power on the connecting line or on one of the radiating arrays.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein: The number of the parasitic arrays is at least two, and there is at least one parasitic array between any two adjacent radiation arrays among the at least two radiation arrays. The parasitic array is used to separate the two adjacent radiation arrays.

4. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The number of the radiation arrays is at least two, and among the at least two radiation arrays, the minimum distance between any two adjacent radiation arrays is greater than one fifth of the wavelength of air.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that The number of the radiation arrays and the number of the parasitic arrays are both two, the two radiation arrays are arranged opposite to each other, and the two parasitic arrays are arranged opposite to each other.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The number of the radiating array is one, and the feeding structure feeds power to the radiating array.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The number of the parasitic array elements is at least two, the at least two parasitic array elements include adjacent parasitic array elements, and there is a gap between the parasitic array elements.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The number of the parasitic arrays is at least two, the at least two parasitic arrays include adjacent parasitic arrays, and the parasitic arrays are connected by spacers.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The number of the parasitic arrays is four, one radiating array is arranged opposite to two of the parasitic arrays, and two parasitic arrays arranged opposite to one radiating array are arranged adjacent to each other.

10. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The shape of at least one of the radiation array and the parasitic array includes at least one of a strip shape, a broken line shape and an arc shape.

11. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The ring-shaped array includes at least one of a polygonal array and a donut-shaped array.

12. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The array includes a body and a bending portion located on the body. There is at least one bending portion, and the at least one bending portion is located at an end of the body.

13. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The maximum length of the radiation array is less than or equal to half of the medium wavelength of the antenna operating frequency.

14. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: A ratio of the length of the parasitic array to the length of the radiating array is in a range of 0.25 to 4.

15. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The parasitic array includes a first parasitic array and a second parasitic array. Two ends of the radiation array and two ends of the first parasitic array are arranged adjacent to each other in a one-to-one manner. The second parasitic array is located between the annular arrays.

16. An antenna, characterized in that: include: Arrays are arranged in a ring shape, the arrays including a radiating array and a parasitic array, both of which are strip-shaped and extend along the ring shape, the parasitic array including a first parasitic array and a second parasitic array, the two ends of the radiating array and the two ends of the first parasitic array are arranged adjacent to each other in a one-to-one manner, and the second parasitic array is located between the arrays in the ring shape; The feeding structure is electrically connected to the radiating array.

17. A wireless communication device, characterized in that: It comprises a radio frequency chip and the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the radio frequency chip and the feeding structure are electrically connected.

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