Method for manufacturing cookware and cookware

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a method for manufacturing cookware and the cookware. The method for manufacturing cookware comprises: forming a thermal spraying layer on a cookware base body by using a ceramic material; and subjecting the surface layer of the thermal spraying layer to a remelting treatment, so as to manufacture cookware, wherein the remelting region serves as the surface layer of the cookware, and the ceramic material comprises at least one of ferroferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide and iron carbonitride. According to the method for manufacturing cookware provided in the embodiments of the present application, cookware having relatively good corrosion resistance can be manufactured.

Description

[0001] TECHNICAL FIELD This application relates to the field of cookware, and specifically to a method for manufacturing cookware and cookware. Background: In the cookware manufacturing industry, to achieve corrosion resistance and wear resistance (high hardness), chemical nitriding is often performed on the surface of a substrate to form an iron nitride film, high-temperature heat treatment is performed on the iron substrate to form a ferroferric oxide film on the surface, or the coating layer of the cookware is sealed. Specifically, chemical nitriding typically involves subjecting the substrate to a nitrogen-containing environment at 550°C-600°C for at least 5 hours. This results in a dense layer with a thickness of 10-20 gm and a hardness of approximately 1000 HV, thereby providing a corrosion-resistant coating. However, this method has drawbacks such as high energy consumption and low efficiency. High-temperature heat treatment of an iron substrate to form a ferroferric oxide film specifically involves using a flame above 1000°C to chemically convert iron atoms on the substrate surface into oxygen to form the ferroferric oxide film. While this film layer exhibits a certain degree of corrosion resistance, its thickness is limited, typically less than 5 μm. Consequently, its corrosion resistance is modest, and the product is susceptible to rust. Furthermore, sealing the surface of the coating on the cookware imparts a certain degree of corrosion resistance. However, this sealing process typically involves the use of organic sealants, which are less safe and prone to detachment during use, resulting in insufficient corrosion resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new methods for manufacturing corrosion-resistant cookware. Summary of the Invention Therefore, the present application aims to provide a method for manufacturing cookware and the cookware itself, thereby developing a new method for manufacturing corrosion-resistant cookware and addressing the corrosion resistance issue in cookware. According to a first aspect of the present application, a method for manufacturing a cookware is provided, wherein the method for manufacturing the cookware comprises: forming a thermal spray coating by thermally spraying a ceramic material on a cookware substrate; and remelting a surface layer of the thermal spray coating to form a remelted region, thereby manufacturing the cookware, wherein the remelted region serves as the surface layer of the cookware; wherein the ceramic material comprises at least one of ferrosoferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, and iron carbide nitride.According to the cookware manufacturing method provided in embodiments of the present application, a specific ceramic material is thermally sprayed to form a thermal spray coating. The surface of the thermal spray coating is then remelted to form a remelted region. The remelted region itself has improved surface hardness, smaller internal pores, and excellent surface properties. Therefore, as a contact surface with cooked food, it can better resist erosion by corrosive media, provide excellent corrosion resistance, and extend the corrosion life of the coating. In some embodiments, the remelting process utilizes an electron beam remelting process. In these embodiments, pulsed electron beam treatment is performed on a thermal spray coating composed of ferroferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, or iron carbide nitride to form a remelted region with improved surface properties and enhanced bonding strength, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the entire coating. Furthermore, during the pulsed electron beam treatment, the energy of the pulsed electron beam can be controlled to ensure that only the surface of the thermal spray coating is treated without affecting the substrate. In some embodiments, the parameters of the electron beam remelting process include: electron beam power of 25-35 keV; energy density of 3-6 J·cm2; pulse duration of 16-3 pS; vacuum of 1 x 10-3 Pa to 2 x 10-3 Pa; and electron beam spot size of 50-80 mm. In these embodiments, under these parameters, the pulsed electron beam can treat the surface layer of the thermal spray coating at a suitable temperature for a certain period of time, thereby facilitating the formation of a remelted layer with good performance while avoiding excessive remelting and impact on the substrate. In some embodiments, remelting the surface layer of the thermal spray coating includes performing multiple electron beam remelting operations on the surface layer of the thermal spray coating. In these embodiments, performing an appropriate number of electron beam remelting operations on the surface layer of the thermal spray coating can enhance the density of the surface layer and improve the grain refinement and adhesion of the surface layer. In some embodiments, the method for manufacturing cookware does not include sanding the remelted area and / or the thermal spray coating. In these embodiments, the method for manufacturing the cookware does not include the step of sanding the remelted area and / or the thermal spray coating, thereby simplifying the cookware manufacturing process. In some embodiments, the thickness of the thermal spray coating is 30 μm-60 μm. In these embodiments, the thermal spray coating may have a thickness of 30 μm. gThe thickness of the thermal spray coating is between 30 and 60 gm, which can avoid the risk of separation due to the high thermal stress of the coating to a certain extent. g m, the coating is not easy to form a film and cannot completely cover the cookware substrate. If the thickness of the thermal spray coating is higher than 60 μm, the thermal stress of the coating is large and it is easy to collapse. In some embodiments, the remelting area is formed in the area corresponding to 15 μm-25 μm inward from the surface of the thermal spray coating. In these embodiments, if the thickness of the remelting area is greater than 25 μm, a higher temperature and a longer time are required, which may cause the ceramic layer to be overheated, resulting in overall cracking or falling off, the strength of the remelting area is reduced, and there may be a risk of damage to the substrate (for example, the aluminum substrate melts and deforms, the outer surface of the stainless steel substrate is severely rusted due to oxidation, etc.); if the thickness of the remelting area is less than 15 μm, the coating is not easy to form a film and cannot completely cover the cookware substrate. gm, the rough surface formed by thermal spraying cannot be completely flattened, resulting in excessively high density and roughness of the final cookware surface, poor long-term corrosion resistance, and impacting subsequent use. In some embodiments, the cookware substrate includes any one of an aluminum substrate, an iron substrate, a magnesium substrate, a copper alloy substrate, an alumina substrate, a stainless steel substrate, a titanium substrate, or a composite substrate formed from any of the above substrates. In these embodiments, the above manufacturing method is applicable to a variety of cookware substrates, broadening the scope of substrate applicability. According to a second aspect of the present application, a cookware is provided, comprising a cookware substrate and a corrosion-resistant coating formed on a surface of the cookware substrate. The corrosion-resistant coating is formed from at least one of ferroferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, and iron carbide nitride. The corrosion-resistant coating includes a thermally sprayed region and a remelted region laminated outside the thermally sprayed region, with the remelted region serving as the surface layer of the cookware. According to the cookware provided in the embodiments of the present application, the corrosion-resistant coating of the cookware is formed of at least one of ferroferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, and iron carbide nitride. Due to the inherent characteristics of the forming materials, the corrosion-resistant coating itself has a certain degree of corrosion resistance. The corrosion-resistant coating includes a thermally sprayed region and a remelted region stacked outside the thermally sprayed region. That is, the corrosion-resistant coating includes a thermally sprayed region located within the corrosion-resistant coating and a remelted region connected to the outside of the thermally sprayed region and located on the surface of the corrosion-resistant coating. The remelted region itself has improved surface hardness, smaller internal pores, and good surface properties. Therefore, using it as the surface layer of the corrosion-resistant coating can better resist erosion by corrosive media, has good corrosion resistance, and can extend the corrosion life of the coating. The remelted area is located outside the thermal sprayed area, which can also protect the thermal sprayed area, reduce the risk of erosion by corrosive media in the thermal sprayed area, and improve the corrosion resistance and protective effect of the entire coating. In addition, the remelted area on the surface can enhance the adhesion of the coating and reduce the risk of coating peeling or shedding. Therefore, products with this corrosion-resistant coating can obtain good and long-lasting corrosion resistance.In some embodiments, the remelted region is formed in an area corresponding to a preset value inward from the surface of the corrosion-resistant coating, and the preset value is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the thickness of the corrosion-resistant coating. In these embodiments, the remelted region is formed in an area corresponding to a preset value inward from the surface of the corrosion-resistant coating, thereby providing longer-term corrosion protection and increasing the corrosion resistance durability of the coating. In addition, the remelted region has a certain formation thickness, which can balance the corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant coating with other factors, such as adhesion, surface hardness, and durability. In some embodiments, the thickness of the corrosion-resistant coating is 30 μm to 60 μm, and the preset value is 15 μm to 25 μm. In these embodiments, the thermal spray coating can have a thickness of 30 μm. g The thickness of the thermal spray coating is between 30 and 60 gm, which can avoid the risk of separation due to the high thermal stress of the coating to a certain extent. g If the thickness of the thermal spray coating exceeds 60 μm, the coating will not form a film easily and will not be able to completely cover the cookware substrate. If the thickness of the thermal spray coating exceeds 60 μm, the thermal stress of the coating will be large and it will be easy to collapse. If the thickness of the remelting area is greater than 25 μm, higher temperatures and longer times will be required, which may cause the ceramic layer to be overheated, resulting in overall cracking or shedding, reducing the strength of the remelting area, and may cause damage to the substrate (for example, melting and deformation of the aluminum substrate, severe rusting of the outer surface of the stainless steel substrate due to oxidation, etc.); If the thickness of the remelting area is less than 15 μm, the coating will not form a film easily and will not completely cover the cookware substrate. If the thickness of the thermal spray coating is greater than 60 μm, the thermal stress of the coating will be large and it will be easy to collapse. If the thickness of the remelting area is greater than 25 μm, higher temperatures and longer times will be required, which may cause the ceramic layer to be overheated, resulting in overall cracking or shedding, reducing the strength of the remelting area, and may cause damage to the substrate (for example, melting and deformation of the aluminum substrate, severe rusting of the outer surface of the stainless steel substrate due to oxidation, etc.). g m, the rough surface formed by thermal spraying cannot be completely flattened, resulting in the density and roughness of the final pot surface being too high, the long-term corrosion resistance effect is poor, and the subsequent use is affected. When the thickness of the corrosion-resistant coating is 30 g m-60 gIn some embodiments, the remelted region has a thickness of 15-25 gm, ensuring that products with the corrosion-resistant coating exhibit excellent corrosion resistance, adhesion, and surface hardness. In some embodiments, the porosity of the remelted region is 0.3%-0.5%, the pore size is 5-10 gm, and / or the hardness of the remelted region is 1200-1750 HV, and / or the surface roughness of the remelted region is 0.5 μm-3 μm. In these embodiments, the pore structure defined by the porosity and pore size is relatively dense, making it difficult for corrosive media to enter and blocking access to the cookware substrate, thereby further improving corrosion resistance. The remelted region has improved hardness, resulting in excellent wear and scratch resistance, thereby extending the service life of the corrosion-resistant coating. Appropriate surface roughness can improve the coating's lubricity and reduce friction and wear. The surface roughness of the remelted area according to the present application is relatively small. This small surface roughness can prevent the accumulation of corrosive media and reduce the possibility of corrosive media invading the coating, thereby improving the coating's corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the small surface roughness helps improve the flatness and smoothness of the coating surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and / or other features and aspects of the present invention will become clear and easily understood through the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. FIG1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a cookware according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the coating of the cookware according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The following describes specific embodiments of the present application in detail. Although certain embodiments have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that these embodiments may be modified and improved without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents. Amorphous alloys, also known as metallic glass, are a special type of alloy that has a disordered atomic structure similar to that of glass at room temperature. In the prior art, an amorphous alloy material can be used to form an amorphous alloy coating. By partially remelting the amorphous alloy coating, the pores on the surface of the amorphous alloy coating can be reduced or closed, thereby achieving the effect of isolating the corrosive medium.In this approach, remelting the amorphous alloy coating requires precise control of parameters (e.g., temperature, time, and single-pass spray thickness) to ensure that the coating's surface pores are effectively sealed while maintaining a sufficient amorphous structure. If improperly handled, remelting can lead to excessive crystallization of the thermally sprayed coating, reducing the volume fraction of the amorphous phase in the final coating. This damages the amorphous structure that contributes to corrosion resistance, thereby affecting the material's corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. Furthermore, while completely sealed pores are ideal, reduced pores are the norm. In this case, corrosive media can still reach the gap between the amorphous alloy material forming the cookware coating and the cookware substrate, creating a potential difference between the two and leading to galvanic corrosion between the coating and the cookware substrate. These two factors can lead to a rapid deterioration of the cookware coating's corrosion resistance. Furthermore, precise parameters increase the difficulty of cookware manufacturing. Furthermore, thermal spray coatings formed from amorphous alloys have extremely high surface roughness due to the inherent properties of the amorphous alloy. Therefore, amorphous alloy coatings formed by thermal spraying cannot be directly remelted and require a pre-sanding step to ensure good corrosion resistance of the resulting cookware surface after subsequent remelting. This also highlights the importance of sanding thermal spray coatings during the cookware coating manufacturing process. Without sanding, the cookware coating's high surface roughness can lead to numerous defects, such as pits, cracks, and scratches. These defects easily become accumulation points for corrosive media and embedment points for abrasive particles, accelerating wear and corrosion. Furthermore, the numerous peaks and valleys on a rough surface increase the contact area and make it susceptible to wear from scraping tools. The inventors have discovered that a cookware can be manufactured by thermally spraying a specific ceramic material to form a thermal spray coating, and then remelting the surface layer of the thermal spray coating to form a remelted region. The remelted region serves as the surface layer of the cookware, providing a contact surface for cooking food. The remelted region itself has improved surface hardness, smaller internal pores, and good surface properties. Therefore, using it as the surface layer of a corrosion-resistant coating can better resist erosion by corrosive media, provide excellent corrosion resistance, and extend the corrosion life of the coating.Furthermore, the remelted area has an appropriate surface roughness and can be directly used as the cookware's surface layer (the surface layer refers to the area at a predetermined depth inward from the inner surface of the cookware that contacts food), thus eliminating the need for subsequent sanding. The cookware manufacturing method of the present application achieves superior corrosion resistance compared to the technical solution of remelting an amorphous alloy coating without requiring precise control of the remelting process, and significantly reduces manufacturing difficulty. Furthermore, the appropriate surface roughness of the cookware can reduce friction noise during cooking, ensure food does not stick, and facilitate cleaning, thereby providing a good user experience. According to a first aspect of the present application, a method for manufacturing cookware is provided, comprising: thermally spraying a ceramic material onto a cookware substrate to form a thermal spray coating; remelting the surface layer of the thermal spray coating to form a remelted area, thereby producing the cookware. The remelted area serves as the cookware's surface layer, and the ceramic material comprises at least one of ferrosoferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, and iron carbide nitride. According to the method for manufacturing cookware provided in an embodiment of the present application, a specific ceramic material is thermally sprayed to form a thermal spray coating. The surface of the thermal spray coating is then remelted to form a remelted region. The remelted region itself has improved surface hardness, smaller internal pores, and good surface properties. Therefore, when used as a contact surface with cooked food, it can better resist erosion by corrosive media, has excellent corrosion resistance, and can extend the corrosion life of the coating. In this embodiment of the present application, the resulting cookware includes a cookware base and a corrosion-resistant coating formed on the surface of the cookware base. The corrosion-resistant coating can be a ferroferric oxide layer, an iron nitride layer, an iron carbide layer, or a nitride iron carbide layer, or a composite coating formed of at least two of ferroferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, and nitride iron carbide. The corrosion-resistant coating includes a thermal sprayed region and a remelted region stacked outside the thermal sprayed region. In other words, the corrosion-resistant coating includes an internal thermal sprayed region and a surface remelted region. Among them, the remelting area serves as the surface layer of the pot.In these embodiments, the remelted area is located on the outside, which can also protect the thermally sprayed area, reducing the risk of erosion by corrosive media, and improving the corrosion resistance and protective effect of the entire coating. Furthermore, the surface remelted area can enhance the coating's adhesion and reduce the risk of coating peeling or shedding. Therefore, products with this corrosion-resistant coating can achieve excellent and long-lasting corrosion resistance. In the embodiments of the present application, a localized area of ​​the thermally sprayed coating can be remelted. For example, the surface area of ​​the thermally sprayed coating can be remelted. Localized remelting of the thermally sprayed coating can avoid brittleness and increased thermal stress caused by overly dense film layers, thereby ensuring the overall performance of the cookware coating. This can further improve the quality of the cookware coating to meet user requirements. In this case, the resulting cookware includes a cookware base and a corrosion-resistant coating located on the surface of the cookware base. The corrosion-resistant coating includes a thermally sprayed area and a remelted area laminated outside the thermally sprayed area, with the remelted area serving as the surface layer of the corrosion-resistant coating. The thermally sprayed area within the corrosion-resistant coating is the remaining thermally sprayed coating. This refers to the portion of the thermally sprayed coating that has not undergone the remelting process, or in other words, the inner region of the thermally sprayed coating before the remelting process. It retains a porous structure, which acts as a shock absorber. This structure can buffer the impact energy of the cookware during use, disperse stress, and reduce the likelihood of stress concentration. This reduces the risk of damage to the coating and substrate (e.g., cracks, delamination, and wear), thereby increasing the durability and performance stability of the cookware. The remelted area on the surface of the corrosion-resistant coating is the portion of the thermally sprayed coating that has undergone the remelting process. This area has undergone a remelting process, causing it to melt to a certain extent and form a denser structure. The presence of the remelted area further improves the density and corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant coating. As described above, the structure of the corrosion-resistant coating combines the thermally sprayed and remelted areas, enabling the cookware to achieve both corrosion resistance and shock absorption. It should be noted that the "thermally sprayed coating" and "thermally sprayed region" described herein are both layers formed by thermal spraying. This distinction is made merely to distinguish layers at different stages of cookware manufacturing. The following describes in detail the method for manufacturing cookware according to this application.In existing technologies for preparing cookware substrates, chemical nitriding and high-temperature oxidation, as corrosion protection methods, have certain limitations on the choice of substrate. They are generally only applicable to iron substrates and not to aluminum, titanium, or other substrates. According to the present application, the cookware substrate can utilize substrates commonly used in the art for making cookware. In embodiments, the cookware substrate can include an aluminum substrate, an iron substrate, a magnesium substrate, a copper alloy substrate, an alumina substrate, a stainless steel substrate, a titanium substrate, or composite substrates formed from these substrates. A composite substrate is a structure in which multiple substrates are stacked, for example, a titanium-aluminum-stainless steel three-layer composite substrate. It should be noted that when the cookware substrate is a composite substrate of aluminum, magnesium, iron, or at least two of the following metals: aluminum, magnesium, and iron, since aluminum, magnesium, and iron are all easily oxidized, corrosion is likely to occur when the cookware substrate includes a surface formed from aluminum, magnesium, or iron, limiting the materials available for the cookware. To this end, the method for manufacturing cookware according to the present application includes remelting a thermal spray coating formed of a ceramic material. This remelting process transforms the surface layer of the thermal spray coating into a denser structure than its interior. In this case, the pores in the interior and surface layers are blocked, making it difficult for corrosive media to penetrate into the cookware substrate, thereby ensuring the overall corrosion resistance and bonding strength of the cookware. In this case, corrosive media are less likely to contact the substrate during cooking, ensuring a longer corrosion life. Furthermore, the method for manufacturing cookware is not particularly restricted to the type of substrate. Therefore, the method according to the present application is applicable to a wider variety of substrates, thereby expanding the range of substrates that can be adapted for cookware manufacturing and providing greater versatility. Furthermore, when the cookware substrate is a composite matrix formed from at least two of the following metals: aluminum, magnesium, and iron, the inclusion of relatively lightweight aluminum and magnesium significantly reduces the weight of the resulting cookware, which is extremely beneficial for elderly individuals with limited physical strength. According to the present application, after selecting the cookware substrate, the method for manufacturing the cookware further includes performing operations such as alkaline washing and degreasing, and drying the surface of the cookware substrate to avoid affecting the bonding strength between the subsequent coating and the cookware substrate.Causes of corrosion in ceramic materials include rust and galvanic corrosion. According to the present application, ceramics are typically non-metallic materials. Due to their inherent properties, the conditions necessary for galvanic corrosion to form between the ceramic material and the cookware substrate are lacking (for example, there is poor electron and ion conduction between them, which is not conducive to the formation of a potential difference between the ceramic and the metal substrate). Therefore, the layer formed by thermal spraying the ceramic material will not undergo galvanic corrosion with the metal substrate, further ensuring the corrosion resistance of the resulting cookware. It should be noted that the ceramic material of the present application includes at least one of ferrosoferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, and iron carbide nitride. It is commercially available and is a pure ceramic material. It does not contain metal powder or alloy powder. This is because the introduction of metal powder can easily generate a potential difference between the formed layer and the cookware substrate, potentially causing galvanic corrosion, which in turn accelerates corrosion and shedding of the cookware coating. It should be noted that when the ceramic material comprises a mixture of two or more of ferroferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, and iron carbide nitride, the present application does not specifically limit the mixing ratio of the mixture. In some embodiments, the ceramic material is in granular form and comprises at least one of ferroferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, and iron carbide nitride. These materials have good corrosion resistance and are black in color, thus enabling the production of a thermal spray coating with certain corrosion and stain resistance properties. Specifically, ferroferric oxide readily forms a ferroferric oxide film during use that effectively isolates the cookware from moisture and oxygen, preventing contact between the cookware substrate and these corrosive media, thereby improving the cookware's corrosion resistance. Iron nitride readily forms an iron nitride layer, which provides high hardness and excellent wear and corrosion resistance. When treated under certain conditions, this coating can also enhance the cookware's wear resistance. Iron carbide commonly occurs in the microstructure of steel, increasing the material's hardness and strength. Therefore, in cookware, an appropriate amount of carbide can improve corrosion resistance and provide a certain degree of heat resistance. Furthermore, iron carbide nitride combines the advantages of both carbides and nitrides, providing additional hardness and stability. Therefore, thermal spray coatings formed from these materials can inherently possess a certain degree of durability and corrosion resistance.In some embodiments of the present application, when the ceramic material is granular, the particle size is within the range of 200-300 mesh. If the particle size of the ceramic material is larger than 200 mesh, the resulting thermal spray coating may have excessively large pores and a rougher surface due to the excessively large particles. This may increase the time required for subsequent remelting and weaken the corrosion resistance of the resulting cookware. Furthermore, excessively large particles may cause the particles to rebound after impacting the substrate surface, reducing deposition efficiency and wasting raw materials. Furthermore, excessively large particles can lead to poor sprayability and uneven thickness of the thermal spray coating. If the particle size of the corrosion-resistant material is smaller than 300 mesh, the excessively small particles may cause difficulties during plasma spraying (for example, powder agglomeration may occur, resulting in uneven powder feeding due to poor powder flowability; and the small and light powder may result in insufficient flight velocity, reducing deposition efficiency and wasting raw materials). In other embodiments of the present application, when the ceramic material is in granular form, the ceramic particles exist in multiple particle sizes. By selecting a powder with a combination of large and small particles as the ceramic material of the present application, a thermal spray coating can be obtained in which the particles are closely packed together, thereby reducing the porosity of the coating. Specifically, the particle size R of the ceramic granular material has multiple distribution ranges, including a first distribution range, a second distribution range, and a third distribution range. The first distribution range is 200 mesh MRV 300 mesh, the second distribution range is R>200 mesh, and the third distribution range is R<300 mesh. Based on the total volume of the ceramic material in the mixture as 100%, the volume of the ceramic material with a particle size in the first distribution range accounts for 93%-95%, the volume of the ceramic material with a particle size in the second distribution range accounts for 1%-2%, and the volume of the ceramic material with a particle size in the third distribution range accounts for 3%-5%. It should be noted that particles in multiple distribution ranges can be obtained through grinding and screening. Forming a Thermal Spray Coating According to the present application, the thermal spray coating can be at least partially formed on the inner surface and / or outer surface of the cookware substrate. In other words, the thermal spray coating can cover a portion or the entire surface of the cookware substrate, where the surface can be the inner surface and / or the outer surface.Thermal spray coatings are formed by thermally spraying ceramic materials provided in embodiments of the present application, resulting in non-stick properties and improved hardness. According to some embodiments of the present application, ceramic materials are thermally sprayed onto the surface of a cookware substrate to form a thermal spray coating. During the thermal spraying process, powdered ceramic particles are heated to a molten or semi-molten state and sprayed onto the surface of the cookware substrate at an extremely high velocity. After cooling, a strong thermal spray coating is formed. Thermal spraying can be performed using plasma spraying. Specifically, the ceramic material is placed in the powder feeder of a plasma spraying device. The ceramic tank is evacuated to 3-5 Pa, and oxygen is introduced to a pressure of 5 x 10. 3 -10xl0 3 Pa oUsing plasma arc ignition, the ceramic material melts and adheres to the surface of the cookware substrate, forming a thermal spray coating. The plasma arc power is set to 30 kW to 55 kW, the arc current is set to 300 A to 700 A, the spray distance is set to 100 mm to 150 mm, the spray angle is set to 60° to 80°, the powder feed rate is set to 25 g / min to 45 g / min, the hydrogen pressure is set to 0.3 MPa to 0.5 MPa, and the hydrogen flow rate is set to 3 L / min to 8 L / min. The cookware substrate is preheated to 200° to 250°C before spraying and cooled with a 5° to 15°C cold air gun after spraying. According to the present application, by thermally spraying the ceramic material within the aforementioned process parameter range, a corrosion-resistant coating with a suitable thickness and a smooth surface achieved solely through remelting can be formed on the substrate surface. This corrosion-resistant coating has properties similar to those of ceramic materials, resulting in excellent properties such as high hardness, thermal stability, wear resistance, and chemical corrosion resistance. In other words, the corrosion-resistant coating according to the present invention retains the various properties of ceramic materials, while the surface layer forms a remelted region with low porosity, pores, and roughness. As a surface layer of cookware, it can ensure the corrosion resistance of the cookware. In the prior art, amorphous alloy coatings can cause galvanic corrosion with the cookware substrate due to the potential difference, thus requiring a thickness of 200 μm to 500 μm to ensure corrosion resistance. Thicker coatings than conventional coatings can easily peel. According to the present invention, there is no potential difference between the ceramic material and the substrate, so galvanic corrosion does not occur. Furthermore, a thickness that is less prone to peeling can be used, thus achieving better corrosion resistance and bonding strength than previously achieved. According to the present invention, the thermal spray coating can have a thickness of 30 μm to 60 μm, which can, to a certain extent, avoid the risk of peeling due to the high thermal stress of the thick coating. If the thickness of the thermal spray coating is less than 30 gIf the thickness of the thermal spray coating exceeds 60 μm, the coating will not form easily and will not completely cover the cookware substrate. If the thickness of the thermal spray coating exceeds 60 μm, the coating will experience high thermal stress and be prone to collapse. In some embodiments, the thermal spray coating has a certain porosity and pore size, which makes it easier for the corrosive medium to penetrate into the substrate. For example, the porosity of the thermal spray coating is 3-8%, and the pore size is in the range of 15 μm-25 μm. In addition, due to the influence of the spraying process, the surface of the thermal spray coating has a certain rough structure. For example, the surface roughness of the thermal spray coating is 5 μm. g m-7 gm, such a rough surface will weaken corrosion resistance and is not suitable for direct contact with food in cookware. Its hardness is 1200HV-1750HV, and its durability is average. In this case, the corrosion resistance of the thermal spray coating directly used as a cookware coating is extremely poor. Therefore, certain treatment of the thermal spray coating is extremely necessary. Forming a remelted region on the surface of the thermal spray coating: According to the present application, the surface of the thermal spray coating is remelted to form a remelted region. Remelting refers to remelting the surface of the already solidified thermal spray coating, followed by rapid cooling in a specific manner to form a new microstructure and properties. Proper remelting can eliminate defects and internal stresses caused by the thermal spraying process, such as pores, inclusions, and cracks, and refine the grain size, resulting in a remelted region with higher density. This results in a higher density surface layer of the final coating (i.e., the corrosion-resistant coating described below). Electron beam remelting can promote better bonding between the coating and the substrate, enhance the coating's adhesion and stability, and prevent poor corrosion resistance caused by coating detachment. Furthermore, remelting can improve the surface properties, hardness, and wear resistance of the final coating. Prior art remelting methods include electron beam melting (EBM) or laser remelting. Currently, laser remelting methods offer a small laser spot size and high material surface reflectivity, resulting in only a 5-10% utilization rate. Furthermore, the processing power is excessively high, making it suitable for amorphous materials but not for ceramics. Therefore, in this application, pulsed electron beam remelting is employed to remelt thermal spray coatings formed from ceramic materials. Pulsed electron beams have highly concentrated energy. By using the electron beam for rapid heating, they can provide high-energy-density heat treatment in a very short time, instantly melting the surface layer of the thermal spray coating. This is then followed by rapid solidification through cooling, forming a new surface region, the remelted region. In this process, the pulsed electron beam method can reduce the heat-affected zone, thereby controlling the thermal impact of the coating process, avoiding structural damage caused by excessive thermal effects, the generation of large amounts of thermal stress and residual stress, and defects such as poor melting, pores, and inclusions.Furthermore, pulsed electron beams can instantly heat thermal spray coatings in a very short time, achieving a localized remelting effect and reducing heat conduction and thermal impact on the substrate. This facilitates compatibility with a wider range of substrate types while maintaining the substrate's original performance and dimensional stability. Overall, electron beam remelting facilitates control of coating quality. According to the present application, electron beam remelting can achieve a more uniform microstructure, resulting in a smoother and more uniform coating surface for the cookware, reducing defects such as cracks and pores, and improving wear resistance. Furthermore, thermal spray coatings can generate significant internal stress during their formation, which can affect the coating's corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. Remelting can release and redistribute this stress, thereby improving the coating's performance. Furthermore, remelting thermal spray coatings made from various ceramic materials can induce microstructural changes in the coating, transitioning from an amorphous or crystalline state to a more stable form, potentially leading to increased hardness, wear resistance, and enhanced oxidation resistance. Furthermore, the surface of the thermal spray coating is remelted, resulting in a remelted region with excellent heat resistance, ensuring thermal stability of the coating. In this application, the remelted region itself exhibits improved surface hardness, smaller internal pores, and excellent surface properties. This remelted region, serving as the surface layer of the cookware, provides the cookware with improved properties. This allows the cookware to resist erosion by corrosive media, thereby extending its corrosion lifespan. Furthermore, the varying densities of the pores on the surface and within the cookware coating (i.e., the corrosion-resistant coating described below) significantly reduce the number of pores that directly penetrate the cookware substrate. This prevents external corrosive conditions from entering the cookware substrate, preventing poor corrosion resistance due to coating shedding and ensuring the overall corrosion resistance of the cookware. In this case, there is no need to limit the material of the cookware substrate, making the cookware manufacturing method of this application applicable to a wider variety of cookware substrates. Traditional coatings may require a transition layer or primer to improve adhesion between the coating and the substrate. According to the present application, the substrate surface can be partially melted during the remelting process, allowing the thermal spray coating to mix with the substrate at the molecular level, strengthening their adhesion and thus improving the overall mechanical strength of the coating. Therefore, the cookware manufacturing method of the present application can eliminate the step of providing a transition layer (priming layer), simplifying the production process.In the prior art, the remelting process of amorphous alloy coatings requires precise control of parameters (e.g., temperature and time) to ensure effective sealing of pores on the coating surface and that the coating retains a certain amorphous structure. However, the remelting process of thermal spray coatings formed from ceramic materials according to the present application eliminates the need for precise control of individual parameters, which can reduce the difficulty of production control to a certain extent. According to the present application, the remelting process can be performed using a pulsed electron beam. Prior to the pulsed electron beam treatment, only key parameters such as pulse duration, energy density, and number of repetitions need to be roughly determined. These parameters ensure that the thermal spray coating receives sufficient energy for remelting while avoiding overheating or damage, and eliminate the need for precise control of individual parameters. In some embodiments, specific process parameters for the electron beam remelting process include: electron beam power of 25-35 keV; energy density of 3-6 J.cm²; pulse duration of 16-3 pS; vacuum of 1 x 10-3 Pa to 2 x 10-3 Pa; and electron beam spot size of 50 mm to 80 mm. Under the aforementioned parameters, a pulsed electron beam can treat the surface layer of the thermal spray coating at an appropriate temperature for a certain period of time—for example, a temperature of approximately 2000°C-2500°C for 16-3 ps. This facilitates the formation of a remelted layer with good performance while avoiding excessive remelting and impact on the substrate. Compared to laser treatment, pulsed electron beam treatment uses less power and is less likely to cause excessive surface remelting. Therefore, multiple treatments are required to achieve the desired effect. However, it should be noted that more treatments are not necessarily better. The number of treatments can be set based on the surface defects of the thermal spray coating, such as the degree of roughness. As an example, the number of electron beam remelting repetitions in the cookware manufacturing method according to the present application can be 10-20 times. According to the present application, performing an appropriate number of electron beam remelting on the surface layer of the thermal spray coating can enhance the density of the surface layer and improve the grain refinement and adhesion of the surface layer. Specifically, after multiple remelting processes, the surface of the thermal spray coating becomes denser, preventing corrosive substances from penetrating the remelted area, thereby improving the coating's corrosion resistance. Furthermore, multiple remelting processes can eliminate surface defects, making the surface smoother and reducing surface flaws and unevenness, thereby improving the coating's surface quality.Furthermore, multiple remelting processes can reduce the surface grain size, make the surface more dense, improve the surface adhesion, enhance the bonding between the surface layer and the substrate, and increase the coating's thermal conductivity, thereby enhancing the heating efficiency of the cookware. In summary, multiple electron beam remelting processes help improve the quality of the thermal spray coating and enhance the performance of the cookware. According to the present application, the remelted region is formed on the surface of the thermal spray coating. The surface of the thermal spray coating refers to a region corresponding to a certain thickness from the surface to the inside of the thermal spray coating. For example, 30% of the thickness of the thermal spray coating is used. g m-60 g m, the preset value is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the thickness of the thermal spray layer. Here, the thickness is determined by the pulse duration, energy density and number of repetitions. As an example, the thickness can be 15^11-25^11. According to the present application, the porosity of the remelted area is 0.3%-0.5%; the pore size is 5 gm-10gm, and / or the hardness of the remelted area is 1200HV-1750HV; and / or the surface roughness of the remelted area is 0.5(im-3|im. According to the method for manufacturing cookware of the present application, after the remelting treatment, the remelted area does not need to be sanded. This is because the remelting treatment is sufficient to improve the surface quality of the coating, so that the cookware surface meets the corrosion resistance requirements and makes the cookware surface smoother and more uniform. In this way, the process steps can be simplified, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by not requiring the sanding step, and the production efficiency can be improved. Ceramic coatings and amorphous alloy coatings have different physical and chemical properties. These differences lead to different requirements for their surface treatment after thermal spraying. Although amorphous alloy coatings generally have better wear resistance and corrosion resistance, irregular connections between larger particles and the coating substrate and tiny defects may be formed during the thermal spraying process. If sanding is not performed, these defects can easily become embedding points for abrasive particles and accumulation points for corrosive media, thereby accelerating the wear and corrosion process. Furthermore, a rough surface has more peaks and valleys, resulting in a larger actual contact area and more severe wear. Therefore, sanding is essential before remelting the amorphous alloy coating; otherwise, it is difficult to ensure corrosion resistance and durability. However, thermal spray coatings formed from ceramic materials have strong adhesion and good coating smoothness, so sanding after coating is not necessary to achieve the desired surface roughness and quality. Therefore, according to the method for manufacturing cookware of the present application, sanding the thermal spray coating before remelting is not required to ensure corrosion resistance and durability. This shortens the steps in manufacturing the cookware and simplifies the manufacturing process. According to the present application, the use of ceramic materials, which are less expensive than amorphous materials, can achieve corrosion resistance comparable to that of the amorphous alloy coating, while also reducing the number of steps in the manufacturing process, improving production efficiency, and achieving good economic benefits. According to the present application, the remelted coating forms the final surface layer of the cookware (i.e., the corrosion-resistant coating). The surface of this surface layer can serve as the inner surface of the cookware that comes into contact with food during use. The surface opposite to the inner surface is the outer surface of the cookware. The inner surface and outer surface here are generally understood by those skilled in the art.According to a second aspect of the present application, a cookware is provided, wherein the cookware includes a cookware base and the corrosion-resistant coating provided in the above-mentioned embodiments formed on the surface of the cookware base, wherein the corrosion-resistant coating is formed of at least one of ferroferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, and nitrided iron carbide, that is, the corrosion-resistant coating may be a ferroferric oxide layer, an iron nitride layer, an iron carbide layer, or a nitrided iron carbide layer, or may be a composite layer formed of at least two materials among ferroferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, and nitrided iron carbide, and the corrosion-resistant coating includes a thermally sprayed region and a remelted region stacked outside the thermally sprayed region. According to the corrosion-resistant coating provided in the embodiments of the present application, the corrosion-resistant coating is a ferroferric oxide layer, an iron nitride layer, an iron carbide layer, or an iron carbide nitride layer. Due to the inherent characteristics of the forming material, the corrosion-resistant coating itself has a certain corrosion resistance. The corrosion-resistant coating includes a thermal spraying region and a remelting region stacked outside the thermal spraying region. That is, the corrosion-resistant coating includes a thermal spraying region located within the corrosion-resistant coating and a remelting region connected to the outside of the thermal spraying region and located on the surface of the corrosion-resistant coating. The remelting region itself has improved surface hardness, smaller internal pores, and good surface properties. Therefore, using it as the surface layer of the corrosion-resistant coating can better resist erosion by corrosive media, has good corrosion resistance, and can extend the corrosion life of the coating. The remelted area, located outside the thermally sprayed area, can also protect the thermally sprayed area, reducing the risk of erosion by corrosive media, thereby improving the corrosion resistance and protective effectiveness of the entire coating. Furthermore, the surface remelted area can enhance the coating's adhesion, reducing the risk of peeling or shedding. Therefore, products with this corrosion-resistant coating can achieve excellent and long-lasting corrosion resistance. It should be noted that in this application, the thermal spray coating and the corrosion-resistant coating are products of different stages of the cookware manufacturing process. The thermal spray coating is formed during the process, while the corrosion-resistant coating is formed in the final product. In some embodiments, the remelted area is located on the surface of the corrosion-resistant coating and has a preset thickness, which is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the thickness of the corrosion-resistant coating. In these embodiments, the remelted area is located on the surface of the corrosion-resistant coating and has a preset thickness, thereby providing long-term corrosion protection and increasing the corrosion resistance and durability of the coating.In addition, the remelted region has a certain thickness, which can balance the corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant coating with other factors, such as adhesion, surface hardness, and durability. In some embodiments, the thickness of the corrosion-resistant coating is 30 μm-60 μm, with a preset value of 15 μm-25 μm. In this embodiment, the preset value is 15 μm-25 μm, which is the thickness of the remelted region. If the thickness of the remelted region is greater than 25 μm, higher temperatures and longer times are required, which may cause excessive heating of the ceramic layer, resulting in overall cracking or shedding, reduced strength of the remelted region, and potential damage to the substrate (for example, melting and deformation of the aluminum substrate, severe rusting of the outer surface of the stainless steel substrate due to oxidation, etc.). If the thickness of the remelted region is less than 15 μm, the thickness of the remelted region may be increased. g m, the rough surface formed by thermal spraying cannot be completely flattened, resulting in a high density and roughness of the final cookware surface, poor long-term corrosion resistance, and affecting later use. In these embodiments, when the thickness of the corrosion-resistant coating is 30^11-60^11, the thickness of the remelted area is 15^11-25^11. This ensures that the product with the corrosion-resistant coating has good corrosion resistance, adhesion, and surface hardness. In some embodiments, the porosity of the remelted area is 0.3%-0.5%, and the pore size is In these embodiments, the pore structure, defined by the porosity and pore size, is relatively dense, making it difficult for corrosive media to enter and blocking access to the cookware substrate, thereby further improving corrosion resistance. In some embodiments, the hardness of the remelted region is 1200HV-1750HV. In these embodiments, the remelted region has improved hardness, thus providing good wear and scratch resistance, thereby extending the service life of the corrosion-resistant coating. In some embodiments, the surface roughness of the remelted region is 0.5 g m-3 gIn these embodiments, suitable surface roughness can improve the lubrication properties of the coating and reduce friction and wear. The surface roughness of the remelted region according to the present application is relatively low. This low surface roughness can prevent the accumulation of corrosive media and reduce the possibility of corrosive media invading the coating, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the coating. Furthermore, low surface roughness helps improve the flatness and finish of the coating surface. In some embodiments, the remelted region is formed by subjecting a thermal spray coating composed of ferroferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, or iron carbide nitride to pulsed electron beam treatment. In these embodiments, pulsed electron beam treatment has the characteristics of rapid heating and cooling. By subjecting the thermal spray coating composed of ferroferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, or iron carbide nitride to pulsed electron beam treatment, a remelted region with improved surface properties and enhanced bonding strength can be formed, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the overall coating. Furthermore, during the pulsed electron beam treatment, the energy of the pulsed electron beam can be controlled to ensure that only the surface layer of the thermal spray coating is treated without affecting the substrate. In some embodiments, the thermally sprayed region is formed by plasma spraying. The thermally sprayed region may be the portion of the thermally sprayed coating that has not been subjected to the remelting process. In these embodiments, by utilizing the high temperature and high-speed spraying of plasma to form the thermally sprayed region, the resulting coating exhibits good adhesion to the substrate and a certain degree of density. This method of layer formation is also more efficient and rapid. In some embodiments, the cookware substrate includes an aluminum substrate, an iron substrate, a magnesium substrate, a copper alloy substrate, an alumina substrate, a stainless steel substrate, or a titanium substrate, as well as composite substrates formed from these substrates. In these embodiments, the corrosion-resistant coating can be applied to a variety of cookware substrates, broadening the scope of substrate applications. According to the present application, the cookware provided in the embodiments of the present application can be manufactured using the cookware manufacturing method according to the first aspect of the present application. Specifically, a thermal spray coating can be formed by thermally spraying a ceramic material onto a cookware substrate. The surface layer of the thermal spray coating is then remelted to form a remelted region, thereby manufacturing the cookware. The remelted region serves as the surface layer of the cookware, and the ceramic material includes at least one of ferrosoferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, and iron carbide nitride. The resulting coating on the cookware is the corrosion-resistant coating described above.As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the cookware includes a cookware base 10 and a corrosion-resistant coating 20 located on the surface of the cookware base 10. The corrosion-resistant coating 20 includes a thermally sprayed region 21 located internally and a remelted region 22 located on the surface. The thermally sprayed region 21 is the portion of the thermally sprayed coating that has not been remelted, and can also be referred to as the remaining thermally sprayed coating. The remelted region 22 is the surface portion of the thermally sprayed coating that has been remelted. The remelted region is obtained by remelting the surface layer of the thermally sprayed coating formed of a ceramic material. The remelted region 22 has a predetermined value from the surface to the interior of the thermally sprayed coating formed of the ceramic material. Of course, the present application is not limited to this. Alternatively, a ceramic material may be first used to form an inner thermal spray region on the cookware substrate. A ceramic material may then be sprayed onto the thermal spray region to form a coating. This coating may then be subjected to a remelting process. This results in a corrosion-resistant coating according to the present application comprising the thermal spray region and a remelted region stacked outside the thermal spray region, with the remelted region serving as the surface layer of the corrosion-resistant coating. According to the present application, improved hardness and density result in improved stain resistance, reduced scraping noise from food, spatulas, etc. during cooking, and improved corrosion resistance. In an embodiment, the surface roughness of the remelted region is 0.5-3 μm. Compared to a thermal spray coating, this significantly reduced roughness reduces the accumulation of corrosive media, improving corrosion resistance. Furthermore, it reduces friction noise during cooking, ensuring food is non-stick and easy to clean, thereby providing a good user experience. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the following examples, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the examples. Example 1: A cookware according to Example 1 was prepared using the following method. Step S10: A stainless steel cookware substrate with a thickness of 1.8 mm was provided. The surface of the cookware was pretreated by cleaning the surface oil with an alkaline solvent, then rinsing with clean water and drying. The surface was then sandblasted for roughening. The cookware was then preheated to 230°C in a heating furnace. Step S20: A ceramic material was provided. Iron oxide with an average particle size of 200 mesh was provided as the ceramic material. Step S30: A thermal spray coating was prepared.Step S31: Place the outer surface of the cookware in a circulating cooling air environment, with the cooling air temperature set at -10°C. Step S32: Pump the vacuum degree of the spray chamber to 3 Pa, and then inject oxygen to 6x10. 3 Pa oThe ceramic material was placed in the powder feeder of the plasma spraying equipment. Using plasma arc ignition, ferroferric oxide was thermally sprayed onto the preheated pot body surface, spraying a thermal spray coating with a thickness of 4 μm. The plasma arc power was set to 30 kW, the arc current was set to 700 A, the spray distance was set to 120 mm, the spray angle was set to 70°, the powder feed rate was set to 25 g / min, the hydrogen pressure was set to 0.5 MPa, and the flow rate was set to 7 L / min. Under these parameters, the high-pressure plasma flame formed at the muzzle heated the surface of the ceramic material until it melted, and then deposited it on the surface of the pot substrate, forming a thermal spray coating with a thickness of 4 μm on the pot substrate. In step S40, the thermal spray coating was remelted to form a remelted region of a predetermined depth on the surface of the thermal spray coating. The thermal spray coating was remelted using a pulsed electron beam, wherein the pulsed electron beam parameters were set as follows: the electron beam power was 25 keV; The electron beam energy is 3 J.cm2; the processing time is 10 s; the vacuum degree is 1*10-3 Pa; the electron beam spot size is 80 mm. The thermal spray coating is treated 10 times with the same parameters, and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a cookware with a remelting area with a thickness of 15 μm. Example 2 The cookware of Example 2 is prepared by the same method as Example 1, except that the thermal spray material of Example 1 is replaced by iron nitride. Example 3 The cookware of Example 3 is prepared by the same method as Example 1, except that the thermal spray material of Example 1 is replaced by iron carbide. Example 4 The cookware of Example 4 is prepared by the same method as Example 1, except that the thermal spray material of Example 1 is replaced by iron carbonitride. Example 5 The cookware of Example 5 is prepared by the same method as Example 1, except that the thermal spray material of Example 1 is replaced by a mixture of ferrosoferric oxide and iron carbonitride in a mass ratio of 1:1. Example 6 The cookware of Example 6 was prepared using the same method as Example 1, except that the thermal spray material of Example 1 was replaced with a mixture of ferrosoferric oxide and iron carbide in a mass ratio of 1:1. Example 7 The cookware of Example 7 was prepared using the same method as Example 1, except that the aluminum substrate of Example 1 was replaced with an iron substrate.Example 8 Except for replacing the aluminum matrix in Example 1 with an alumina matrix, the cookware of Example 8 was prepared by the same method as in Example 1. Example 9 Except for replacing the aluminum matrix in Example 1 with a ferroalloy matrix, the cookware of Example 9 was prepared by the same method as in Example 1. Example 10 Except for replacing the aluminum matrix in Example 1 with a copper matrix, the cookware of Example 10 was prepared by the same method as in Example 1. Example 11 Except for replacing the average particle size of 200 mesh of the magnetite in Example 1 with 300 mesh, the cookware of Example 11 was prepared by the same method as in Example 1. Example 12 Except for replacing the average particle size of 200 mesh of the magnetite in Example 1 with a multi-particle size form (i.e., the first distribution range is 200 mesh < R < 300 mesh, the second distribution range is R > 200 mesh, the third distribution range is R < 300 mesh, where, based on the total volume of the ceramic material in the mixture being 100%, the volume percentage of the ceramic material with a particle size in the first distribution range is 94%, the volume percentage of the ceramic material with a particle size in the second distribution range is 2%, and the volume percentage of the ceramic material with a particle size in the third distribution range is 4%), the cookware of Example 12 was prepared by the same method as in Example 1. Comparative Example 1 Except for replacing the thermal spraying material in Example 1 with Fe80-Cr5-Mo6-B4-Si5, the cookware of Comparative Example 1 was prepared by the same method as in Example 1. Comparative Example 2 Except for replacing the thermal spraying material in Example 1 with Zr60-Cr20-Nb13-Ni5-Hf2, the cookware of Comparative Example 2 was prepared by the same method as in Example 1. Comparative Example 3 Except for not performing the remelting treatment step on the thermal spray coating in Example 1 (i.e., not including step S40), the cookware of Comparative Example 3 was prepared by the same method as in Example 1. Comparative Example 4 Except for not performing the remelting treatment step on the thermal spray coating in Example 2 (i.e., not including step S40), the cookware of Comparative Example 4 was prepared by the same method as in Example 2. Comparative Example 5 Except for not performing the remelting treatment step on the thermal spray coating in Example 3 (i.e., not including step S40), the cookware of Comparative Example 5 was prepared by the same method as in Example 3.Comparative Example 6: The cookware of Comparative Example 6 was prepared using the same method as Example 4, except that the thermal spray coating of Example 4 was not subjected to the remelting treatment (i.e., step S40 was not included). Comparative Example 7: The cookware of Comparative Example 7 was prepared using the same method as Example 5, except that the thermal spray coating of Example 5 was not subjected to the remelting treatment (i.e., step S40 was not included). Comparative Example 8: The cookware of Comparative Example 8 was prepared using the same method as Example 6, except that the thermal spray coating of Example 6 was not subjected to the remelting treatment (i.e., step S40 was not included). Comparative Example 9: The cookware of Comparative Example 9 was prepared using the same method as Example 1, except that the thermal spray coating of Example 1 was not subjected to the remelting treatment (i.e., step S40 was not included), and the thermal spray coating of Example 1 was filled with a sealant (the sealant was silica sol). Comparative Example 10: A cookware according to Comparative Example 10 was prepared using the same method as in Example 2, except that the thermal spray coating of Example 2 was not subjected to the remelting treatment (i.e., step S40 was not included) and the thermal spray coating of Example 2 was filled with a sealant (the sealant was silica sol). Comparative Example 11:

[0002] (1) Preparation of amorphous alloy powder: The five metal materials Fe, Cr, Mo, B, and Si are mixed according to the atomic percentage content in the alloy chemical formula Fe80-Cr5-Mo6-B4-Si5. The above alloy raw materials are smelted into iron-based molten alloy liquid in a smelting furnace. The iron-based molten alloy liquid is sprayed onto a high-speed rotating copper quenching plate. Under the action of centrifugal force, the iron-based molten alloy liquid is atomized and solidified into fine particles that spread out in all directions. Inert gas is sprayed through gas nozzles installed around the quenching plate to accelerate the cooling of the fine particles, forming iron-based amorphous alloy powder.

[0003] (2) Preparation of amorphous alloy coating Step (a): Pre-treat the surface of the pot. Clean the oil stains on the surface of the pot with an alkaline solvent, then rinse with clean water and dry. Then, sandblast the surface to roughen it. Step (b): Preheat the pot body. Use a heating furnace to preheat the pot body to 230°C. Step (c): Form the amorphous alloy coating. Pump the vacuum degree of the spray chamber to 3Pa, and then inject oxygen to 6x10 3 Pa oUsing plasma arc, the iron-based amorphous alloy powder is thermally sprayed on the preheated pot surface six times, with a thickness of 50 g m, forming an amorphous alloy coating with a thickness of 20 (Him). The plasma arc power was set to 30Kw, the arc current was set to 700A, the spraying distance was set to 120mm, the spraying angle was set to 70. The powder feeding speed was set to 25g / min, the hydrogen pressure was set to 0.5MPa, and the flow rate was set to 7L / min. Step (d): Sanding The formed amorphous alloy coating was naturally cooled to room temperature, and the surface of the amorphous alloy coating was sanded with 120-mesh sandpaper. The sanding process was terminated after confirming that the surface roughness Ra of the amorphous alloy coating reached 1 (im) to 2 (im) using a roughness meter. Surface remelting The surface layer of the amorphous alloy coating was remelted by irradiating a laser beam to the surface of the amorphous alloy coating, forming a remelted area with a thickness of about 15 μm on the surface of the amorphous alloy coating. Thus, the cookware of this comparative example 11 was finally obtained. Comparative Example 12 Except that step (d) of Comparative Example 11 was not performed, The cookware of Comparative Example 12 was manufactured using the same method as Comparative Example 11. Comparative Example 13 The cookware of Comparative Example 13 was manufactured using the same method as Comparative Example 11, except that an amorphous alloy coating with a thickness of 200 μm was formed in one step in step (c) of Comparative Example 11. Table 1 Parameters of Examples of the present application and Comparative Examples Performance index test

[0004] (1) The coatings of the cookware of Examples 1-12 and Comparative Examples 1-13 were subjected to performance tests. The test methods are as follows:

[0005] 1. Porosity Measurement: The porosity of the sample was measured using microscopy. Specifically, using a metallographic microscope at a certain magnification, the surface pores of the sample were directly observed, or the pores were observed sequentially through parallel cross-sections of the sample. The porosity was then calculated. The porosity was calculated as (1 - density after thermal spraying / density of the raw material) x 100%. The samples were selected from different areas of the surface coating of the cookware of the Examples and Comparative Examples. The porosity of the samples was expected to be no greater than 20%.

[0006] 2. Thermal shock test method: Heat the coating of the cookware with an open flame to 450°C (220°F). Then quickly cool it in cold water at room temperature (23°C + / - 5°C). Observe the surface quality of the product for any changes such as peeling or cracking, and record the corresponding number of times as the thermal shock test data. The higher the data, the better the thermal shock performance, and vice versa.

[0007] 3. Adhesion test method: Measure according to HB 5476 method: Prepare a test specimen of specific size according to the standard requirements and fix it on a tensile testing machine. Stretch it slowly at a speed of 2mm / min until the thermal spray coating breaks, and record the bonding strength data between the film layer and the substrate.

[0008] 4. The corrosion resistance test and evaluation standard adopts Supor's internal control standard: no rust after 5% salt spray for more than 24 hours. Specifically, according to "6.17 Corrosion Resistance Test Method" in "GBT 32432-2015 Household Steel Cookware", 5% salt water prepared from steaming water is placed into the cookware with the sample formed on its inner surface and boiled. The boiling temperature is maintained and the time it takes for rust to appear in the pot is recorded. This time is the result of the corrosion resistance test and the basis for evaluation. Here, the sample refers to the coating of the cookware of the embodiment and comparative example. For the corrosion resistance test, according to the project expectations, the corrosion resistance is not less than 8 hours. Table 2 Performance index test data of the embodiment and comparative example of this application In summary, the present invention manufactures cookware by thermally spraying a specific ceramic material to form a thermal spray coating, then remelting the surface of the thermal spray coating to form a remelted region. This remelted region, serving as the surface layer of the cookware, provides a contact surface for cooking food. The remelted region itself has improved surface hardness, smaller internal pores, and excellent surface properties. Therefore, using it as the surface layer of a corrosion-resistant coating can better resist erosion by corrosive media, provide excellent corrosion resistance, and extend the corrosion life of the coating. Furthermore, the remelted region has an appropriate surface roughness, allowing it to be directly used as the surface layer of the cookware (the surface layer refers to the area at a predetermined depth inward from the inner surface of the cookware that contacts food), thus eliminating the need for subsequent sanding. The cookware manufacturing method of the present invention achieves superior corrosion resistance compared to remelting amorphous alloy coatings without requiring precise control of the remelting process, while significantly reducing manufacturing complexity. Furthermore, an appropriate roughness of the cookware surface can reduce friction noise during cooking, ensure food does not stick, and facilitate cleaning, thereby providing a good user experience. Although the embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. However, it should be understood that, in the opinion of those skilled in the art, such modifications and variations will still fall within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application as defined in the claims.

Claims

Claims 1. A method for manufacturing a cookware, characterized in that: The method for manufacturing a cookware includes: forming a thermal spray coating by thermally spraying a ceramic material on a cookware substrate; and remelting a surface layer of the thermal spray coating to form a remelted region, thereby manufacturing the cookware, wherein the remelted region serves as the surface layer of the cookware; wherein the ceramic material includes at least one of ferrosoferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, and iron carbide nitride.

2. The method for manufacturing a cookware according to claim 1, characterized in that: The remelting process adopts an electron beam remelting process.

3. The method for manufacturing a cookware according to claim 2, characterized in that: The parameters of the electron beam remelting process include: electron beam power of 25Kev-35Kev; energy density of 3J·cm2-6J·cm2; pulse duration of 16s-3pS; vacuum degree of 1x 10-3Pa-2x 10-3Pa; and electron beam spot size of 50mm-80mm.

4. The method for manufacturing a cookware according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The remelting treatment of the surface layer of the thermal spray coating includes: performing electron beam remelting on the surface layer of the thermal spray coating multiple times.

5. The method for manufacturing a cookware according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method for manufacturing a cookware does not include the step of sanding the remelted area and / or the thermal sprayed layer.

6. The method for manufacturing a cookware according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The thermal spray layer is formed by plasma spraying.

7. The method for manufacturing a cookware according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the thermal spray coating is 30 μm-60 μm; and / or the cookware substrate includes any one of an aluminum substrate, an iron substrate, a magnesium substrate, a copper alloy substrate, an alumina substrate, a stainless steel substrate, a titanium substrate, and a composite substrate formed by the above substrates; and / or the remelting area is formed 15 μm inward from the surface of the thermal spray coating. g m-25 g m corresponds to the area.

8. A cookware, characterized in that: The cookware includes a cookware base and a corrosion-resistant coating formed on a surface of the cookware base, wherein the corrosion-resistant coating is formed of at least one of ferroferric oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, and iron carbide nitride. The corrosion-resistant coating includes a thermally sprayed region and a remelted region stacked outside the thermally sprayed region, wherein the remelted region serves as a surface layer of the cookware.

9. The cookware according to claim 8, characterized in that: The remelting area is formed at an area corresponding to a preset value inward from the surface of the corrosion-resistant coating, and the preset value is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the thickness of the corrosion-resistant coating.

10. The cookware according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thickness of the corrosion-resistant coating is 30 μm-60 μm, and the preset value is 15 μm-25 μm.

11. The cookware according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that: The porosity of the remelted region is 0.3%-0.5%, and the pore size is 5 μm-10 μm; and / or the hardness of the remelted region is 1200 HV-1750 HV; and / or the surface roughness of the remelted region is 0.5 μm-3 μm.

12. The cookware according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that: The cookware substrate includes any one of an aluminum substrate, an iron substrate, a magnesium substrate, a copper alloy substrate, an alumina substrate, a stainless steel substrate or a titanium substrate, or a composite substrate formed by the above substrates.

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