Service coordination and perception data sharing for v2x

Abstract

The present application relates to service coordination and perception data sharing for V2X. According to one aspect of the present application, provided is a system, comprising: one or more processors; and one or more memories having computer program instructions stored thereon, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, cause an operation to be performed. The operation comprises: when cross-network migration of a service of a mobile terminal occurs between a V2X network and a 5G cellular network, on the basis of a service type of the service of the mobile terminal, implementing service coordination between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network.

Description

Business collaboration and perception data sharing for V2X Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to wireless communication technologies, and more particularly to service collaboration and perception data sharing across vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks and fifth generation (5G) networks for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications. Background Art

[0002] Cross-network service collaboration between 5G and LTE-V2X direct communication refers to the establishment of a collaborative mechanism between 5G cellular networks and LTE-V2X direct communication to support multi-mode communication connections for multi-source data. This can reliably and widely support a wider range of connected vehicle terminals / vulnerable road users (VRU) terminals to transmit connected vehicle service data or collect perception data. This will help improve the availability of connected vehicle applications and promote their promotion.

[0003] This end-to-end collaboration involves devices such as the IoV service server, roadside unit, and vehicle-mounted terminal. It includes collaboration between the 5G network and LTE-V2X direct communication, as well as between the application layer and network layer of the IoV service server and vehicle-mounted terminal.

[0004] This cross-network collaboration will fully leverage the respective advantages of 5G cellular networks and LTE-V2X direct communications, reduce construction costs and cycles, and expand the application scope of Internet of Vehicles services. It will also benefit Internet of Vehicles users, such as mobile phone owners and vulnerable road users, to flexibly use various Internet of Vehicles terminals, rely on a variety of roadside infrastructure, and use Internet of Vehicles services, thereby promoting the large-scale development of Internet of Vehicles services. Furthermore, relying on 5G cellular networks will facilitate the continuous introduction of new technologies, achieving an organic combination of vehicles, roads, networks, and clouds, enabling a large number of vehicles and road networks to achieve higher-level digitalization, support integrated perception, collaborative control, and collaborative decision-making, and develop richer Internet of Vehicles services.

[0005] The 5G cellular network here can be a 5G public network or a 5G private network for Internet of Vehicles services (such as a virtual private network provided by telecom operators, a hybrid private network (dedicated to some network elements), or an independent private network), which is deployed according to the needs of different scenarios.

[0006] The following problems need to be solved urgently: (1) The current very low V2X penetration rate means that users cannot experience the improved assisted driving experience that V2X can bring; (2) There is currently no service migration process for 5G and V2X coverage, especially for perception sharing scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This section provides a brief overview of the present disclosure in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the present disclosure. However, it should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the present disclosure. It is not intended to identify key or important parts of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Its purpose is simply to provide some concepts of the present disclosure in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that will be given later.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a system is provided, comprising: one or more processors; and one or more memories storing computer program instructions, wherein when executed by the one or more processors, the computer program instructions cause operations to be performed. The operations include: when cross-network migration of a mobile terminal's service occurs between a V2X network and a 5G cellular network, performing service collaboration between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network based on the service type of the mobile terminal's service.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method is provided, including: when cross-network migration of a mobile terminal's service occurs between a V2X network and a 5G cellular network, performing service collaboration between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network based on the service type of the mobile terminal's service.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer program instructions are stored. When the computer program instructions are executed by one or more processors of a system, the method described above is performed.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a mobile terminal is provided, comprising: one or more processors; and one or more memories having computer program instructions stored thereon, wherein the computer program instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, cause operations to be performed. The operations include: sending a first collaborative sensing data sharing request to a V2X roadside system and a first remote terminal supporting V2X via a PC5 interface, and sending a second collaborative sensing data sharing request to a 5G V2X server via a Uu interface; receiving sensing data in response to the first collaborative sensing data sharing request from the V2X roadside system and the first remote terminal supporting V2X via the PC5 interface; receiving sensing data in response to the second collaborative sensing data sharing request from the 5G V2X server via the Uu interface; and integrating the received sensing data.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method is provided, including: sending, by a mobile terminal, a first collaborative perception data sharing request to a V2X roadside system and a first remote terminal supporting V2X via a PC5 interface, and sending a second collaborative perception data sharing request to a 5G V2X server via a Uu interface; receiving perception data in response to the first collaborative perception data sharing request from the V2X roadside system and the first remote terminal supporting V2X via the PC5 interface; receiving perception data in response to the second collaborative perception data sharing request from the 5G V2X server via the Uu interface; and integrating the received perception data.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by one or more processors of a mobile terminal, the method described above is performed.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a mobile terminal is provided, comprising: one or more processors; and one or more memories having computer program instructions stored thereon, wherein the computer program instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, cause operations to be performed. The operations include: sending a collaborative sensing data sharing request to a 5G V2X server via a Uu interface; receiving sensing data in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request from the 5G V2X server via the Uu interface; and integrating the received sensing data.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method is provided, including: sending, by a mobile terminal, a collaborative sensing data sharing request to a 5G V2X server via a Uu interface; receiving, via the Uu interface, sensing data in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request from the 5G V2X server; and integrating the received sensing data.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by one or more processors of a mobile terminal, the method described above is performed.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a 5G V2X server is provided, comprising: one or more processors; and one or more memories having computer program instructions stored thereon, wherein the computer program instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, cause operations to be performed. The operations include: receiving a collaborative sensing data sharing request from a mobile terminal via a Uu interface; and transmitting sensing data in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request to the mobile terminal via the Uu interface.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method is provided, including: receiving, by a 5G V2X server, a collaborative sensing data sharing request from a mobile terminal via a Uu interface; and sending sensing data in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request to the mobile terminal via the Uu interface.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer program instructions are stored. When the computer program instructions are executed by one or more processors of a 5G V2X server, the method described above is performed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present disclosure may be better understood by referring to the detailed description given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to represent the same or similar elements. All drawings, together with the following detailed description, are incorporated into and form a part of this specification and are used to further illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure and to explain the principles and advantages of the present disclosure. Among them:

[0021] FIG1 illustrates a typical scenario in which a vehicle switches from an LTE-V2X network to a 5G network while moving according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG2 shows a flowchart of an example wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG3 shows an example mapping relationship between the LTE-V2X service level and the 5G service level of the Internet of Vehicles related service according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG4 shows a flowchart of an example communication method for triggering service upgrade by a V2X server according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG5 shows a flowchart of a first exemplary data sharing service process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG6A illustrates a flowchart of an example method performed by a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG6B illustrates a flowchart of an example method performed by a 5G V2X server according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG7 shows a flowchart of a second exemplary data sharing service process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] FIG8A illustrates a flowchart of an example method performed by a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] FIG8B illustrates a flowchart of an example method performed by a 5G V2X server according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG9 illustrates a flowchart of an example method performed by a 5G V2X server according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a first example of a schematic configuration of a base station to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0033] FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a second example of a schematic configuration of a base station to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0034] FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a smartphone to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0035] FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a car navigation device to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0036] The features and aspects of the present disclosure will be clearly understood by reading the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For the sake of clarity and conciseness, not all implementations of the embodiments are described in this specification. However, it should be noted that when implementing the embodiments of the present disclosure, many implementation-specific settings can be made according to specific needs in order to achieve the developer's specific goals. In addition, it should be understood that although the development work may be complex and laborious, for those skilled in the art who benefit from the content of this disclosure, such development and disclosure are merely routine tasks.

[0038] In addition, it should be noted that in order to avoid obscuring the present disclosure with unnecessary details, only the processing steps and / or device structures closely related to the technical solutions of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings. The following description of the exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the present disclosure and its applications.

[0039] In various scenarios, there may be traffic migration across the V2X network and the 5G cellular network.

[0040] For example, vulnerable road user (VRU) user equipment (UE) often has lower processing and battery life capabilities than onboard units (OVUs). Therefore, it may need to selectively choose between 5G Uu and V2X direct communication to save power. To support UE mobility requirements, the UE needs to continuously monitor network signal quality in advance and perform cross-network service migration when necessary based on service needs and scenario conditions.

[0041] For another example, for Internet of Vehicles terminals that can only support one type of communication connection, such as VRU terminals, situations that may involve cross-network service migration include: 1) originally using V2X direct communication network services, leaving the V2X direct communication coverage area, and needing to use the Uu port to provide services; and 2) originally using 5G Uu network services, entering an area without Uu service coverage, and needing to try to use V2X direct communication to communicate with the surrounding area.

[0042] In areas where both 5G Uu and V2X direct communication are covered, whether a terminal supports multiple connections or only one connection, when some situations arise, it is necessary to consider reselecting the appropriate communication channel, which may lead to service migration. Such situations include but are not limited to:

[0043] 1) When using the 5G Uu network service and entering an area covered by V2X direct communication services, in congested scenarios, you can consider taking advantage of the broadcast advantages of V2X direct communication. Some services (such as basic safety services) can choose the V2X direct communication network service, while for services involving high-bandwidth and large-scale data transmission, the 5G Uu interface can be selected.

[0044] 2) Switching based on network quality of service (QoS). For example, when the wireless signal of one link deteriorates, it automatically switches to the data connection with better signal.

[0045] 3) Switching based on business applications, for example, selecting an appropriate communication channel based on the characteristics of application-layer messages; originally using V2X direct communication, when Over The Air (OTA) upgrades, high-precision map updates, environmental data, dynamic data, and other high-bandwidth data reporting are required, the interface is triggered to switch to 5G Uu; originally using 5G Uu, when only Basic Safety Messages (BSM) such as position, speed, and heading angle are transmitted, the interface is triggered to switch to V2X direct communication for low-latency safety assurance.

[0046] 4) Switching based on location area (e-fence). Previously, using 5G Uu, when a UE is located in a high-risk area such as a road intersection, a school, or a concentrated UE area, the network can initiate or the UE can trigger a switch to V2X direct communication. Previously, using V2X direct communication, when the UE leaves such a high-risk area, the UE triggers a switch to 5G Uu.

[0047] 5) UE enters sleep state: When a VRU type UE approaches a car according to its own speed mutation range and its own position coincides with the vehicle (it can be regarded as riding in the vehicle), the UE can actively turn off the 5G Uu / V2X direct communication transmission and reception to save power consumption.

[0048] When service migration occurs across the V2X network and the 5G cellular network, the continuity of the Internet of Vehicles service needs to be ensured.

[0049] For example, when a vehicle moves between 5G base station coverage and V2X direct communication coverage, the communication QoS service level in different coverage areas must be consistent, especially performance indicators such as communication latency and communication reliability. For vehicle-side users, the continuous and stable receipt of IoV application layer data sent from the roadside or the cloud is the foundation of IoV trusted services.

[0050] FIG1 illustrates a typical scenario in which a vehicle switches from an LTE-V2X network to a 5G network while moving according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] This document primarily uses LTE-V2X as an example of V2X for description, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that V2X can also include NR-V2X, etc. This document primarily uses vehicle-mounted terminals as an example for description, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the teachings of this disclosure apply to all mobile terminals that can be used for connected vehicle services, including vehicle-mounted terminals and user equipment.

[0052] In this scenario, the vehicle supports both 5G and LTE-V2X direct communication. As shown in Figure 1, the continuity of vehicle network services may be affected in three situations: (1) As shown in Figure 1 (A), if the V2X application server is deployed by a third party (as shown in "third-party application server (V2X)"), then during the cross-network movement of the vehicle, on the one hand, the connection cross-network migration from LTE-V2X direct communication to 5G Uu occurs, and at the same time, business data cross-network migration occurs when the 5G network is connected to the third-party application server; (2) As shown in Figure 1 (B), if the V2X application server is deployed by a 5G network operator (as shown in "operator V2X application server"), then during the cross-network movement of the vehicle, on the one hand, the connection cross-network migration from LTE-V2X direct communication to 5G Uu occurs, and at the same time, business data cross-network migration occurs when the 5G network is connected to the third-party application server. (3) As shown in (C) of Figure 1, if the V2X application server is deployed by both a third party and a 5G network operator (as shown in "third-party application server (V2X)" and "operator V2X application server"), then when the vehicle is moving, while the connection crosses the network, business data crosses the network between the third-party application server (V2X) and the operator V2X application server.

[0053] When a mobile vehicle switches between networks, the underlying wireless access network switches according to the normal handover process. Because third-party application servers (V2X) may be introduced at the cloud platform level, the handover process needs to consider the possible handover of upper-layer applications between servers.

[0054] When the deployment architecture shown in (A) is adopted, the third-party application server (V2X) interacts with the 5G core network in advance to communicate with the user vehicle's services to maintain the service continuity of the user vehicle after the switch.

[0055] When the deployment architecture shown in (B) is adopted, the RSU itself notifies the operator's V2X server of the user vehicle's business in advance through the backhaul network, and the operator's V2X application server manages the business continuity of the user vehicle after the switch.

[0056] When a deployment architecture such as (C) is adopted, the third-party application server (V2X) and the operator's V2X application server interact with the user vehicle's services in advance to maintain the service continuity of the user vehicle after the switch.

[0057] Third-party V2X application servers can be deployed by car manufacturers or map providers, while operators' V2X application servers are deployed by the operators themselves, and their management scope is not limited to vehicle brands or vehicle types.

[0058] FIG2 illustrates a flow chart of an exemplary wireless communication method 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG2 , method 200 may include operation 201, in which, when cross-network migration of a mobile terminal's service occurs between a V2X network and a 5G cellular network, service coordination is performed between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network based on the service type of the mobile terminal's service.

[0059] As described above, when a mobile terminal moves, it may trigger a handover between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network, thereby triggering cross-network migration of the mobile terminal's services between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network. Depending on network quality, service applications, location, etc., the mobile terminal may also trigger a handover between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network, thereby triggering cross-network migration of the mobile terminal's services between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network.

[0060] The V2X network may include an LTE-V2X network and / or an NR-V2X network.

[0061] The mobile terminal may include at least one of a vehicle terminal and a user device. The vehicle terminal may include an onboard terminal on the vehicle or a post-installed communication terminal. The user device may be a user device that is synchronized with or connected to the vehicle terminal, such as a mobile phone, tablet, or computer, and may assist in implementing at least some of the functions provided by the vehicle.

[0062] The present disclosure considers providing switching of some services when a mobile terminal switches between a V2X network and a 5G cellular network.

[0063] In some embodiments, method 200 may further include operation 2011, in which, when the mobile terminal switches between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network, a one-to-one mapping between the V2X service level and the NR service level is performed for at least some of the service types of the mobile terminal to achieve switching.

[0064] FIG3 shows an example mapping relationship between the LTE-V2X service level and the 5G service level of the Internet of Vehicles related service according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0065] Figure 3's "Standard QCI Feature Table A" shows LTE-V2X service levels 3, 75, and 79, while Figure 3's "Standard 5QI to QoS Feature Mapping Table B" shows 5G service levels 3, 75, 79, 83, and 86. As shown in Figure 3, LTE-V2X service levels 3, 75, and 79 can be mapped one-to-one with 5G service levels 3, 75, and 79. In other words, service types associated with these service levels, such as basic use cases like real-time gaming, basic V2X messaging, power distribution, and process automation, can be migrated between V2X and 5G networks.

[0066] The present disclosure also considers downgrading / disabling some services when a mobile terminal switches from a 5G network to a V2X network.

[0067] As shown in Figure 3, 5G service levels 83 and 86 (involving high-level services such as advanced driving) cannot be supported by or are not suitable for LTE-V2X. In other words, the types of services associated with these service levels, such as advanced use cases such as collision avoidance, platooning, and cooperative lane changing, cannot be supported by or are not suitable for LTE-V2X. In this case, the connected vehicle services originally supported by the 5G network cannot be implemented on the LTE-V2X network to which they are switched.

[0068] As shown in Figure 2, in some embodiments, method 200 may further include operation 2013, in which, when a mobile terminal switches from a 5G cellular network to a V2X network and will no longer have 5G cellular network support after the switch, services with QoS levels that are not suitable for or cannot be supported by V2X are disabled before the switch. Disabling signaling is sent to the mobile terminal via a data packet at the application layer. Disabling is achieved through high-layer signaling interactions between the 5G base station and the mobile terminal, and between the 5G base station and the V2X server.

[0069] For example, if a mobile terminal switches to an LTE-V2X network without 5G network support, high-level autonomous driving services, such as those associated with 5G service levels 83 and 86 shown in Figure 3, can be disabled just before the switch. This disabling signaling can be included in a data packet as application-layer information and sent to the terminal vehicle. The disabling of the corresponding services can also be notified to the LTE-V2X base station equipment via the backhaul network.

[0070] The present disclosure also considers allocating traffic between the V2X network and the 5G network when a mobile terminal has support for both the V2X network and the 5G cellular network.

[0071] As shown in FIG2 , in some embodiments, method 200 may further include operation 2015, in which, when the mobile terminal switches from the 5G cellular network to the V2X network and has support from the 5G cellular network after the switch, the first type of service is migrated to the V2X network, and the second type of service is retained on the 5G cellular network. In some embodiments, the first type of service may be a basic safety application, and the second type of service may be a high-level application. In some embodiments, the first type of service may be a service that requires support from at least one of a roadside unit (RSU), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), or vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), and the second type of service may be a traditional basic safety service and a high-level service.

[0072] For example, when a mobile terminal switches to LTE-V2X network coverage and also has 5G network support, the 5G base station can notify the terminal device to stay on the 5G network service through RRC signaling. This may involve handover of 5G network equipment, but no matter how the handover is performed, the terminal device must ultimately maintain the LTE-V2X and 5G Uu dual-link status to maintain any high-level V2X services.

[0073] In some embodiments, basic safety applications can be fully migrated to the LTE-V2X network. In this case, the participation of RSUs will enhance the V2X service experience. High-level applications will continue to be served by the 5G network.

[0074] In other embodiments, the LTE-V2X network may only provide services that require RSU or V2V, V2I support, while traditional basic safety and high-level services are still supported by the 5G network.

[0075] Based on the teachings of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art may conceive of other ways of determining the service type and other implementations for allocating services between the V2X network and the 5G network.

[0076] The present disclosure also considers supporting service upgrades with 5G cellular network support.

[0077] Existing standards and industry consensus only support perception data sharing mechanisms based on V2X messages, which transmit data volumes ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand bytes. However, automakers are far more eager for raw data than for fused perception data analyzed by roadside computing equipment. This is primarily due to challenges with the confidence level of the message content and how to integrate it into the vehicle's perception and driving decisions.

[0078] The present disclosure considers that when the mobile terminal has 5G cellular network support, service upgrades can be achieved, and the perception data sharing application originally supported under LTE-V2X coverage can be migrated to the 5G Uu network. Relying on the large bandwidth of the 5G Uu network, the V2X network slicing mechanism, etc., it is upgraded to the original data sharing mechanism based on the V2X perception data sharing message.

[0079] When a mobile terminal switches from LTE-V2X to 5G Uu, or when a mobile terminal switches to LTE-V2X but has a connection to 5G at the same time, the 5G Uu server can trigger a notification of an upgrade to the perception data sharing service. After confirmation by the mobile terminal, the original roadside or fused perception data corresponding to the V2X perception sharing message will be sent to the terminal device.

[0080] In some embodiments, the service upgrade may be triggered by the mobile terminal.

[0081] As shown in Figure 2, in some embodiments, method 200 may further include operation 2017, in which, when the mobile terminal switches from the 5G cellular network to the V2X network and has support from the 5G cellular network after the switch, or when the mobile terminal switches from the V2X network to the 5G cellular network, the service upgrade is performed using the 5G cellular network.

[0082] The service upgrade may be triggered by a 5G server or the mobile terminal. The service upgrade may include supporting raw data sharing based on V2X awareness sharing messages. Raw data sharing based on V2X awareness sharing messages may support the mobile terminal specifying at least one of the following requirements for the raw data corresponding to the V2X awareness sharing message: the format of the raw data, the size of the raw data, an identifier of the device collecting the raw data, or whether to allow rough processing of the raw data.

[0083] FIG4 shows a flowchart of an example communication method 400 for triggering service upgrade by a V2X server according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0084] As shown in FIG4 , method 400 may include operation 4011, in which a V2X server 401 sends a notification of a perception data sharing service upgrade to a mobile terminal 402. The V2X server 401 may determine whether to send the notification of a perception data sharing service upgrade to the mobile terminal 402 based on its own resource utilization and / or the service types supported by the mobile terminal.

[0085] Method 400 may further include operation 4012, in which mobile terminal 402 confirms with V2X server 401 that the sensing data sharing service has been upgraded. Mobile terminal 402 may determine whether to upgrade the sensing data sharing service based on its own needs. Upon confirming the upgrade, mobile terminal 402 may indicate to V2X server 401 its requirements for shared raw data, such as the format and size of the raw data, an identifier of the device collecting the raw data, or whether to allow rough processing of the raw data.

[0086] The method 400 may further include an operation 4013 , in which the V2X server 401 sends original perception data, such as original roadside or fused perception data corresponding to the V2X perception sharing message, to the mobile terminal 402 .

[0087] In some embodiments, mobile terminal 402 can proactively trigger a service upgrade. For example, mobile terminal 402 can send a perception data sharing service upgrade request to V2X server 401 based on its needs. V2X server 401 can determine whether to allocate a certain amount of bandwidth for the upgraded perception data sharing, based on factors such as whether mobile terminal 402 supports V2X network slicing. V2X server 401 can then provide the required perception data to mobile terminal 402 based on its requirements.

[0088] The present disclosure also considers the data sharing service process after the mobile terminal switches to the 5G network.

[0089] Taking LTE V2X as an example, vehicles requesting services for collaborative vehicle-infrastructure perception sharing (also known as host vehicles (HVs)) are generally divided into two categories: those that support LTE-V2X PC5 direct communication and those that do not. By default, both service requesting vehicles and perception sharing vehicles support 5G Uu communication.

[0090] FIG5 shows a flowchart of a first exemplary data sharing service process 500 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0091] In method 500, host vehicle 501 supports both LTE-V2X PC5 and 5G Uu, first remote vehicle 502 supports both LTE-V2X PC5 and 5G Uu, and second remote vehicle 505 supports only 5G Uu. LTE-V2X roadside system 503 may include RSUs, roadside sensing devices communicating with the RSUs, and the like. V2X server 504 is a 5G V2X server.

[0092] As shown in Figure 5, in operation 5001, the main vehicle 501 sends a vehicle-road / vehicle-vehicle collaborative perception data sharing request to the LTE-V2X roadside system 503 and the first remote vehicle 502 supporting LTE-V2X through the LTE-V2X PC5 interface, and sends a vehicle-road collaborative perception data sharing request to the 5G V2X server 504 through the 5G Uu interface.

[0093] In operation 5002 , the LTE-V2X roadside system 503 and the first remote vehicle 502 supporting LTE-V2X share sensing data within the device coverage range with the host vehicle 501 through the PC5 interface.

[0094] In operation 5003 , the 5G V2X server 504 collects perception data of the second remote vehicle 502 that supports only the Uu link.

[0095] In operation 5004 , the 5G V2X server 504 shares the sensing data within the device coverage range with the host vehicle 501 via the Uu interface.

[0096] In operation 5005 , the host vehicle 501 integrates the perception data collected via the PC5 interface and the Uu interface to make / update autonomous driving decisions.

[0097] FIG6A shows a flow chart of an exemplary method 600 executed by a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The mobile terminal is, for example, the host vehicle 501 shown in FIG5 .

[0098] As shown in Figure 6A, method 600 may include operation 6001, in which the mobile terminal sends a first collaborative sensing data sharing request to the V2X roadside system and a first remote terminal supporting V2X via the PC5 interface, and sends a second collaborative sensing data sharing request to the 5G V2X server via the Uu interface.

[0099] The method 600 may further include operation 6002 , in which the mobile terminal receives, via the PC5 interface, sensing data in response to a first collaborative sensing data sharing request from the V2X roadside system and a first remote terminal supporting V2X.

[0100] Method 600 may further include operation 6003, in which the mobile terminal receives sensing data in response to the second collaborative sensing data sharing request from the 5G V2X server via the Uu interface.

[0101] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the perception data in response to the second collaborative perception data sharing request may be data collected by the 5G V2X server from the second remote terminal that only supports the Uu interface, or may be based on data collected by the 5G V2X server from the second remote terminal that only supports the Uu interface. In other words, the perception data in response to the second collaborative perception data sharing request may be raw data that has undergone certain processing.

[0102] Method 600 may further include operation 6004 , in which the mobile terminal integrates the received sensing data.

[0103] Method 600 may further include operation 6005 , in which the mobile terminal updates the autonomous driving decision based on the integrated perception data.

[0104] Those skilled in the art will understand that the integrated perception data can be used for autonomous driving decisions but is not limited to this, that is, the integrated perception data can also be used to assist in realizing other functions of the mobile terminal.

[0105] FIG6B shows a flow chart of an example method 602 performed by a 5G V2X server according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The 5G V2X server is, for example, the 5G V2X server 504 shown in FIG5 .

[0106] As shown in FIG6B , method 602 may include operation 6021 , in which the 5G V2X server receives a collaborative sensing data sharing request from a mobile terminal via a Uu interface.

[0107] Method 602 may also include operation 6022, in which the 5G V2X server collects perception data from a remote terminal that only supports the Uu interface.

[0108] Method 602 may further include operation 6023, in which the 5G V2X server sends, via the Uu interface, sensing data in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request to the mobile terminal. The sensing data in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request is based on the sensing data collected by the 5G V2X server.

[0109] FIG7 shows a flowchart of a second exemplary data sharing service process 700 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0110] In method 700, host vehicle 701 supports only 5G Uu, first remote vehicle 702 supports both LTE-V2X PC5 and 5G Uu, and second remote vehicle 705 supports only 5G Uu. LTE-V2X roadside system 703 may include RSUs, roadside sensing devices communicating with the RSUs, and the like. V2X server 704 is a 5G V2X server.

[0111] As shown in FIG7 , in operation 7001 , the host vehicle 701 sends a vehicle-road collaborative perception data sharing request to the V2X server 704 through the 5G Uu interface.

[0112] In operation 7002, the V2X server 704 collects sensing data from a first remote vehicle 702, a second remote vehicle 705, and an LTE-V2X roadside system 703 via a Uu link upon request. The sensing data from the roadside sensing device and the first remote vehicle supporting LTE-V2X can be shared with the 5G V2X server 704 via the LTE-V2X (RSU) and 5G Uu interfaces. The sensing data from the second remote vehicle 705 is also shared with the 5G V2X server 704 via the 5G Uu interface.

[0113] In some embodiments, the V2X server 704 may fuse at least some of the collected perception data.

[0114] In operation 7003 , the V2X server 704 shares the sensing data with the host vehicle 701 via the Uu interface of the 5G base station connected thereto.

[0115] In operation 7004 , the host vehicle 701 receives perception data via the Uu interface and makes / updates an autonomous driving decision based on the received perception data.

[0116] FIG8A shows a flow chart of an exemplary method 800 executed by a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The mobile terminal is, for example, the host vehicle 701 shown in FIG7 .

[0117] As shown in FIG8A , method 800 may include operation 8001 , in which the mobile terminal sends a collaborative sensing data sharing request to the 5G V2X server via the Uu interface.

[0118] Method 800 may further include operation 8002, in which the mobile terminal receives sensing data in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request from the 5G V2X server via the Uu interface.

[0119] The perception data in response to the collaborative perception data sharing request may include perception data collected by the 5G V2X server from at least one of the roadside system, the remote terminal supporting both V2X and 5G, and the remote terminal supporting only 5G, or based on the perception data collected by the 5G V2X server from at least one of the roadside system, the remote terminal supporting both V2X and 5G, and the remote terminal supporting only 5G.

[0120] Method 800 may further include operation 8003 , in which the mobile terminal integrates the received sensing data.

[0121] Method 800 may also include operation 8004, in which the mobile terminal updates the autonomous driving decision based on the integrated perception data.

[0122] FIG8B illustrates a flowchart of an example method 801 performed by a 5G V2X server according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0123] As shown in FIG8B , method 801 may include operation 8011 , in which the 5G V2X server receives a collaborative sensing data sharing request from a mobile terminal via a Uu interface.

[0124] Method 802 may also include operation 8012, in which the 5G V2X server collects perception data shared by at least one of the roadside system, the remote terminal supporting both V2X and 5G, and the remote terminal supporting only 5G in response to the collaborative perception data sharing request.

[0125] Method 802 may further include operation 8013, in which the 5G V2X server sends the sensing data in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request to the mobile terminal via the Uu interface.

[0126] The perception data in response to the collaborative perception data sharing request includes perception data collected by the 5G V2X server from at least one of the roadside system, the remote terminal supporting both V2X and 5G, and the remote terminal supporting only 5G, or is based on the perception data collected by the 5G V2X server from at least one of the roadside system, the remote terminal supporting both V2X and 5G, and the remote terminal supporting only 5G.

[0127] FIG9 illustrates a flow chart of an example method 900 performed by a 5G V2X server according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0128] As shown in FIG9 , method 900 may include operation 901 , in which the 5G V2X server receives a collaborative sensing data sharing request from a mobile terminal via a Uu interface.

[0129] Method 900 may further include operation 902, in which the 5G V2X server sends the sensing data in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request to the mobile terminal via the Uu interface.

[0130] Next, electronic devices and communication methods according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are described.

[0131] [Exemplary Implementation of the Present Disclosure]

[0132] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, various implementations of the concepts of the present disclosure can be envisioned, including but not limited to:

[0133] 1. A system comprising:

[0134] one or more processors; and

[0135] one or more memories having computer program instructions stored thereon, the computer program instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, causing operations to be performed, the operations comprising:

[0136] When cross-network migration of a mobile terminal's services occurs between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network, service collaboration is performed between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network based on the service type of the mobile terminal's services.

[0137] 2. A system as described in item 1, wherein, when a mobile terminal switches from a 5G cellular network to a V2X network and will not have support for the 5G cellular network after the switch, before the switch, services of a QoS level that is not suitable for or cannot be supported by V2X are disabled.

[0138] 3. The system as described in item 2, wherein the disabling signaling is sent to the mobile terminal via a data packet at the application layer.

[0139] 4. A system as described in item 2, wherein the disabling is achieved through high-layer signaling interaction between the 5G base station and the mobile terminal and the 5G base station and the V2X server.

[0140] 5. The system as described in item 1, when the mobile terminal switches from the 5G cellular network to the V2X network and has the support of the 5G cellular network after the switch, migrates the first type of service to the V2X network and retains the second type of service on the 5G cellular network.

[0141] 6. The system of claim 5, wherein:

[0142] The first type of service is a basic security application, and the second type of service is a high-level application; or

[0143] The first type of services are services that require support from at least one of a roadside unit (RSU), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), or vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), and the second type of services are traditional basic safety services and high-level services.

[0144] 7. In the system described in item 1, when the mobile terminal switches between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network, a one-to-one mapping between the V2X service level and the NR service level is performed for at least some of the service types of the mobile terminal to achieve switching.

[0145] 8. A system as described in item 1, wherein when the mobile terminal switches from a 5G cellular network to a V2X network and has support from the 5G cellular network after the switch, the service upgrade is performed using the 5G cellular network.

[0146] 9. A system as described in item 1, wherein when the mobile terminal switches from the V2X network to the 5G cellular network, the service upgrade is performed using the 5G cellular network.

[0147] 10. The system of item 8 or 9, wherein the service upgrade is triggered by the 5G server or the mobile terminal.

[0148] 11. The system of item 10, wherein the service upgrade includes supporting raw data sharing based on V2X perception sharing messages.

[0149] 12. A system as described in item 11, wherein the raw data sharing based on the V2X perception sharing message supports the mobile terminal to specify at least one of the following requirements for the raw data: the format of the raw data, the size of the raw data, the identifier of the device that collected the raw data, or whether the raw data is allowed to be roughly processed.

[0150] 13. The system of item 1, wherein the V2X network comprises an LTE-V2X network and / or an NR-V2X network, and the mobile terminal comprises at least one of a vehicle terminal and a user equipment.

[0151] 14. A system as described in item 1, wherein the mobile terminal (1) supports both 5G Uu services and V2X services, or (2) only supports 5G Uu services, wherein V2X services refer to vehicle network services that support direct communication and do not include services related to Uu connections.

[0152] 15. The system of item 1, wherein the operation further comprises one of the following:

[0153] (1) When a V2X application server is deployed by a third party, before a mobile terminal undergoes cross-network service migration between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network, the V2X server deployed by the third party exchanges information related to the service of the mobile terminal with the 5G core network;

[0154] (2) When the V2X application server is deployed by the operator, before the mobile terminal undergoes cross-network service migration between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network, the roadside unit notifies the operator-deployed V2X application server of information related to the service of the mobile terminal through the backhaul network; or

[0155] (3) When both the third party and the operator deploy V2X application servers, before the mobile terminal undergoes cross-network service migration between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network, information related to the service of the mobile terminal is exchanged between the V2X application server deployed by the third party and the V2X application server deployed by the operator.

[0156] 16. A method comprising:

[0157] When cross-network migration of a mobile terminal's services occurs between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network, service collaboration is performed between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network based on the service type of the mobile terminal's services.

[0158] 17. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which, when executed by one or more processors of a system, performs the method of item 16.

[0159] 18. A mobile terminal, comprising:

[0160] one or more processors; and

[0161] one or more memories having computer program instructions stored thereon, the computer program instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, causing operations to be performed, the operations comprising:

[0162] Sending a first collaborative sensing data sharing request to the V2X roadside system and the first remote terminal supporting V2X via the PC5 interface, and sending a second collaborative sensing data sharing request to the 5G V2X server via the Uu interface;

[0163] receiving, via the PC5 interface, sensing data in response to a first collaborative sensing data sharing request from the V2X roadside system and the first V2X-enabled remote terminal;

[0164] receiving, via a Uu interface, sensing data in response to the second collaborative sensing data sharing request from the 5G V2X server; and

[0165] Integrate the received sensory data.

[0166] 19. The mobile terminal according to item 18, wherein the operation further comprises:

[0167] Update autonomous driving decisions based on integrated perception data.

[0168] 20. A mobile terminal as described in item 18, wherein the perception data in response to the second collaborative perception data sharing request is collected by the 5G V2X server from the second remote terminal that only supports the Uu interface, or is based on data collected by the 5G V2X server from the second remote terminal that only supports the Uu interface.

[0169] 21. The mobile terminal according to item 18, wherein the mobile terminal comprises a vehicle terminal and / or a user device.

[0170] 22. A method comprising:

[0171] From a mobile terminal:

[0172] Sending a first collaborative sensing data sharing request to the V2X roadside system and the first remote terminal supporting V2X via the PC5 interface, and sending a second collaborative sensing data sharing request to the 5G V2X server via the Uu interface;

[0173] receiving, via the PC5 interface, sensing data in response to a first collaborative sensing data sharing request from the V2X roadside system and the first V2X-enabled remote terminal;

[0174] receiving, via a Uu interface, sensing data in response to the second collaborative sensing data sharing request from the 5G V2X server; and

[0175] Integrate the received sensory data.

[0176] 23. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by one or more processors of a mobile terminal, performs the method of item 22.

[0177] 24. A mobile terminal comprising:

[0178] one or more processors; and

[0179] one or more memories having computer program instructions stored thereon, the computer program instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, causing operations to be performed, the operations comprising:

[0180] Sending collaborative sensing data sharing request to the 5G V2X server via the Uu interface;

[0181] receiving, via the Uu interface, sensing data from a 5G V2X server in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request; and

[0182] Integrate the received sensory data.

[0183] 25. The mobile terminal according to item 24, wherein the operation further comprises:

[0184] Update autonomous driving decisions based on integrated perception data.

[0185] 26. A mobile terminal as described in item 24, wherein the perception data in response to the collaborative perception data sharing request includes perception data collected by a 5G V2X server from at least one of a roadside system, a remote terminal supporting both V2X and 5G, and a remote terminal supporting only 5G, or is based on perception data collected by a 5G V2X server from at least one of a roadside system, a remote terminal supporting both V2X and 5G, and a remote terminal supporting only 5G.

[0186] 27. A method comprising:

[0187] From a mobile terminal:

[0188] Sending collaborative sensing data sharing request to the 5G V2X server via the Uu interface;

[0189] receiving, via the Uu interface, sensing data from a 5G V2X server in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request; and

[0190] Integrate the received sensory data.

[0191] 28. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by one or more processors of a mobile terminal, performs the method of item 27.

[0192] 30. A 5G V2X server, comprising:

[0193] one or more processors; and

[0194] one or more memories having computer program instructions stored thereon, the computer program instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, causing operations to be performed, the operations comprising:

[0195] receiving a collaborative sensing data sharing request from a mobile terminal via a Uu interface;

[0196] The sensing data in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request is sent to the mobile terminal via the Uu interface.

[0197] 31. The 5G V2X server of item 30, wherein the mobile terminal supports both a PC5 interface and a Uu interface, and the operation further comprises:

[0198] In response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request, sensing data from a remote terminal that only supports the Uu interface is collected.

[0199] 32. The 5G V2X server of item 30, wherein the mobile terminal supports only a Uu interface, and the operations further include:

[0200] In response to the collaborative perception data sharing request, perception data shared by at least one of a roadside system, a remote terminal supporting both V2X and 5G, and a remote terminal supporting only 5G is collected.

[0201] 33. A method comprising:

[0202] By 5G V2X server:

[0203] receiving a collaborative sensing data sharing request from a mobile terminal via a Uu interface;

[0204] The sensing data in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request is sent to the mobile terminal via the Uu interface.

[0205] 34. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by one or more processors of a 5G V2X server, perform the method of item 33.

[0206] Application examples of the present disclosure

[0207] The techniques described in this disclosure can be applied to a variety of products.

[0208] For example, the electronic device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented as various base stations or installed in a base station, or may be implemented as various user equipments or installed in various user equipments.

[0209] The communication method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented by various base stations or user equipment; the methods and operations according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be embodied as computer-executable instructions, stored in a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium, and can be executed by various base stations or user equipment to implement one or more functions described above.

[0210] The functions of the various elements disclosed herein can be implemented using circuits or processing circuits including general-purpose processors, special-purpose processors, integrated circuits, AISCs ("application-specific integrated circuits"), conventional circuits, and / or combinations thereof, which are configured or programmed to perform the disclosed functions. A processor is considered a circuit or processing circuit because a processor includes transistors as well as other circuits. In this disclosure, a circuit, unit, or component is hardware that performs the described functions or is programmed to perform the described functions. The hardware can be any hardware that is disclosed herein or otherwise known and that is programmed or configured to perform the described functions. When the hardware is a processor (which is considered a type of circuit), the circuit, unit, or component is a combination of hardware and software, with the software being used to configure the hardware and / or processor.

[0211] The technology according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be made into various computer program products, which can be used in various base stations or user equipments to implement one or more functions described above.

[0212] The server mentioned in this article can be implemented as any type of server, which may include multiple modules, including but not limited to, a network interface module including a wireless interface and a wired interface for connecting and communicating with the network, a data processing module including a processor and a memory, etc., for processing and storing data, a control module including a controller, a management unit and a monitoring unit, etc., for controlling and managing the operating status of the server, and a security module including a firewall, an encryption module, a security authentication module, etc. for protecting the security of the server and data.

[0213] The base station referred to in this disclosure can be implemented as any type of base station, preferably, such as the macro gNB and ng-eNB defined in the 3GPP 5GNR standard. The gNB can be a gNB that covers a cell smaller than a macro cell, such as a pico gNB, micro gNB, and home (femto) gNB. Alternatively, the base station can be implemented as any other type of base station, such as a NodeB, eNodeB, and base transceiver station (BTS), or network-side infrastructure in next-generation communication standards. The base station may also include: a main body configured to control wireless communications and one or more remote radio heads (RRHs) located at a location different from the main body, a wireless relay station, a drone tower, a control node in an automated factory, etc.

[0214] The user equipment can be implemented as a mobile terminal (such as a smartphone, a tablet personal computer (PC), a notebook PC, a portable game terminal, a portable / dongle-type mobile router, and a digital camera) or an in-vehicle terminal (such as a car navigation device). The user equipment can also be implemented as a terminal that performs machine-to-machine (M2M) communication (also known as a machine-type communication (MTC) terminal), a drone, a sensor and actuator in an automated factory, etc. In addition, the user equipment can be a wireless communication module (such as an integrated circuit module including a single chip) installed on each of the above terminals.

[0215] The following briefly introduces examples of base stations and user equipment to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0216] It should be understood that the term "base station" as used in this disclosure has its full breadth of general meaning and includes at least any wireless communication station used as part of a wireless communication system or radio system to facilitate communication. In D2D, M2M, and V2V communication scenarios, the logical entity that controls communications may also be referred to as a base station. In cognitive radio communication scenarios, the logical entity that performs spectrum coordination may also be referred to as a base station. In automated factories, the logical entity that provides network control functions may also be referred to as a base station.

[0217] First application example of base station

[0218] FIG10 is a block diagram illustrating a first example of a schematic configuration of a base station to which the techniques of the present disclosure may be applied. In FIG10 , the base station may be implemented as a gNB 1400. The gNB 1400 includes multiple antennas 1410 and a base station device 1420. The base station device 1420 and each antenna 1410 may be connected to each other via an RF cable.

[0219] Antenna 1410 includes multiple antenna elements, such as multiple antenna arrays for massive MIMO. Antenna 1410 can be arranged in a matrix antenna array, for example, and used by base station device 1420 to transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, multiple antennas 1410 can be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by gNB 1400.

[0220] The base station device 1420 includes a controller 1421 , a memory 1422 , a network interface 1423 , and a wireless communication interface 1425 .

[0221] The controller 1421 may be, for example, a CPU or DSP, and operates various higher-layer functions of the base station device 1420. For example, the controller 1421 generates data packets based on the data in the signal processed by the wireless communication interface 1425 and transmits the generated packets via the network interface 1423. The controller 1421 may bundle data from multiple baseband processors to generate bundled packets and transmit the generated bundled packets. The controller 1421 may have logic functions for performing control such as radio resource control, radio bearer control, mobility management, admission control, and scheduling. This control may be performed in conjunction with a nearby gNB or core network node. The memory 1422 includes RAM and ROM and stores programs executed by the controller 1421 and various types of control data (such as terminal lists, transmission power data, and scheduling data).

[0222] The network interface 1423 is a communication interface for connecting the base station device 1420 to the core network 1424 (e.g., a 5G core network). The controller 1421 can communicate with the core network node or another gNB via the network interface 1423. In this case, the gNB 1400 and the core network node or other gNB can be connected to each other via logical interfaces (such as NG interfaces and Xn interfaces). The network interface 1423 can also be a wired communication interface or a wireless communication interface for a wireless backhaul line. If the network interface 1423 is a wireless communication interface, the network interface 1423 can use a higher frequency band for wireless communication than the frequency band used by the wireless communication interface 1425.

[0223] The wireless communication interface 1425 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as 5G NR) and provides wireless connectivity to terminals located in the cell of the gNB 1400 via the antenna 1410. The wireless communication interface 1425 may typically include, for example, a baseband (BB) processor 1426 and RF circuitry 1427. The BB processor 1426 can perform, for example, encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and multiplexing / demultiplexing, and various types of signal processing at various layers (e.g., the physical layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, and SDAP layer). In place of the controller 1421, the BB processor 1426 may perform some or all of the aforementioned logical functions. The BB processor 1426 may be a memory that stores communication control programs, or a module including a processor configured to execute programs and associated circuitry. Program updates can modify the functionality of the BB processor 1426. This module may be a card or blade inserted into a slot in the base station device 1420. Alternatively, it may be a chip mounted on the card or blade. Meanwhile, the RF circuit 1427 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmits and receives wireless signals via the antenna 1410. Although FIG10 shows an example in which one RF circuit 1427 is connected to one antenna 1410, the present disclosure is not limited to this illustration, and one RF circuit 1427 may be connected to multiple antennas 1410 at the same time.

[0224] As shown in Figure 10 , the wireless communication interface 1425 may include multiple BB processors 1426. For example, multiple BB processors 1426 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by gNB 1400. As shown in Figure 10 , the wireless communication interface 1425 may include multiple RF circuits 1427. For example, multiple RF circuits 1427 may be compatible with multiple antenna elements. While Figure 10 illustrates an example in which the wireless communication interface 1425 includes multiple BB processors 1426 and multiple RF circuits 1427, the wireless communication interface 1425 may also include a single BB processor 1426 or a single RF circuit 1427.

[0225] For example, the gNB 1400 includes a portion (e.g., the BB processor 1426) or the entirety of the wireless communication interface 1425, and / or a module including the controller 1421, and one or more components may be implemented in the module. In this case, the module may store a program for allowing the processor to function as one or more components (in other words, a program for allowing the processor to perform the operations of one or more components) and may execute the program. As another example, a program for allowing the processor to function as one or more components may be installed in the gNB 1400, and the wireless communication interface 1425 (e.g., the BB processor 1426) and / or the controller 1421 may execute the program. As described above, the gNB 1400, the base station device 1420, or the module may be provided as an apparatus including one or more components, and a program for allowing the processor to function as one or more components may be provided. In addition, a readable medium having the program recorded therein may be provided.

[0226] Second application example of base station

[0227] FIG11 is a block diagram illustrating a second example of a schematic configuration of a base station to which the techniques of this disclosure can be applied. FIG11 illustrates a base station as a gNB 1530. gNB 1530 includes multiple antennas 1540, a base station device 1550, and an RRH 1560. RRH 1560 and each antenna 1540 can be connected to each other via an RF cable. Base station device 1550 and RRH 1560 can be connected to each other via a high-speed line, such as an optical fiber cable.

[0228] Antenna 1540 includes multiple antenna elements, such as multiple antenna arrays for massive MIMO. Antenna 1540 can be arranged in a matrix antenna array, for example, and used by base station device 1550 to transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, multiple antennas 1540 can be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by gNB 1530.

[0229] Base station device 1550 includes a controller 1551, a memory 1552, a network interface 1553, a wireless communication interface 1555, and a connection interface 1557. Controller 1551, memory 1552, and network interface 1553 are the same as controller 1421, memory 1422, and network interface 1423 described with reference to FIG.

[0230] The wireless communication interface 1555 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as 5G NR) and provides wireless communication to terminals located in the sector corresponding to the RRH 1560 via the RRH 1560 and the antenna 1540. The wireless communication interface 1555 may generally include, for example, a BB processor 1556. The BB processor 1556 is identical to the BB processor 1426 described with reference to FIG. 10 , except that the BB processor 1556 is connected to the RF circuit 1564 of the RRH 1560 via the connection interface 1557. As shown in FIG. 11 , the wireless communication interface 1555 may include multiple BB processors 1556. For example, the multiple BB processors 1556 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by the gNB 1530. Although FIG. 11 illustrates an example in which the wireless communication interface 1555 includes multiple BB processors 1556, the wireless communication interface 1555 may also include a single BB processor 1556.

[0231] The connection interface 1557 is an interface for connecting the base station device 1550 (wireless communication interface 1555) to the RRH 1560. The connection interface 1557 may also be a communication module for connecting the base station device 1550 (wireless communication interface 1555) to the RRH 1560 for communication in the high-speed line.

[0232] The RRH 1560 includes a connection interface 1561 and a wireless communication interface 1563 .

[0233] The connection interface 1561 is an interface for connecting the RRH 1560 (wireless communication interface 1563) to the base station device 1550. The connection interface 1561 may also be a communication module for communication in the above-mentioned high-speed line.

[0234] The wireless communication interface 1563 transmits and receives wireless signals via the antenna 1540. The wireless communication interface 1563 may generally include, for example, an RF circuit 1564. The RF circuit 1564 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmits and receives wireless signals via the antenna 1540. Although FIG11 shows an example in which one RF circuit 1564 is connected to one antenna 1540, the present disclosure is not limited to this illustration, and one RF circuit 1564 may be connected to multiple antennas 1540 simultaneously.

[0235] As shown in FIG11 , the wireless communication interface 1563 may include multiple RF circuits 1564. For example, the multiple RF circuits 1564 may support multiple antenna elements. Although FIG11 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 1563 includes multiple RF circuits 1564, the wireless communication interface 1563 may also include a single RF circuit 1564.

[0236] For example, the gNB 1500 may include a portion (e.g., the BB processor 1526) or the entirety of the wireless communication interface 1525, and / or a module including the controller 1521, and one or more components may be implemented in the module. In this case, the module may store a program for enabling the processor to function as one or more components (in other words, a program for enabling the processor to perform the operations of one or more components) and may execute the program. As another example, the program for enabling the processor to function as one or more components may be installed in the gNB 1500, and the wireless communication interface 1525 (e.g., the BB processor 1526) and / or the controller 1521 may execute the program. As described above, the gNB 1500, base station device 1520, or module may be provided as an apparatus including one or more components, and a program for enabling the processor to function as one or more components may be provided. In addition, a readable medium having the program recorded therein may be provided.

[0237] First application example of user equipment

[0238] FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a smartphone 1600 to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0239] The smart phone 1600 includes a processor 1601, a memory 1602, a storage device 1603, an external connection interface 1604, a camera 1606, a sensor 1607, a microphone 1608, an input device 1609, a display device 1610, a speaker 1611, a wireless communication interface 1612, one or more antenna switches 1615, one or more antennas 1616, a bus 1617, a battery 1618 and an auxiliary controller 1619.

[0240] The processor 1601 may be, for example, a CPU or a system on a chip (SoC), and controls the functions of the application layer and other layers of the smartphone 1600. The processor 1601 may include or function as any of the processing circuits 1001, 2001, 3001, and 4001 described with reference to the drawings. The memory 1602 includes RAM and ROM, and stores data and programs executed by the processor 1601. The storage device 1603 may include storage media such as semiconductor memories and hard disks. The external connection interface 1604 is an interface for connecting external devices (such as memory cards and universal serial bus (USB) devices) to the smartphone 1600.

[0241] The camera 1606 includes an image sensor (such as a charge coupled device (CCD) and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)) and generates a captured image. The sensor 1607 may include a group of sensors such as a measurement sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a geomagnetic sensor, and an acceleration sensor. The microphone 1608 converts the sound input to the smartphone 1600 into an audio signal. The input device 1609 includes, for example, a touch sensor, a keypad, a keyboard, a button, or a switch configured to detect a touch on the screen of the display device 1610, and receives an operation or information input from the user. The display device 1610 includes a screen (such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) and an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display) and displays the output image of the smartphone 1600. The speaker 1611 converts the audio signal output from the smartphone 1600 into sound.

[0242] The wireless communication interface 1612 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as 4G LTE or 5G NR, etc.) and performs wireless communication. The wireless communication interface 1612 may generally include, for example, a BB processor 1613 and an RF circuit 1614. The BB processor 1613 may perform, for example, encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and multiplexing / demultiplexing, and perform various types of signal processing for wireless communication. Meanwhile, the RF circuit 1614 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmit and receive wireless signals via an antenna 1616. The wireless communication interface 1612 may be a chip module on which the BB processor 1613 and the RF circuit 1614 are integrated. As shown in FIG12 , the wireless communication interface 1612 may include multiple BB processors 1613 and multiple RF circuits 1614. Although FIG12 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 1612 includes multiple BB processors 1613 and multiple RF circuits 1614, the wireless communication interface 1612 may also include a single BB processor 1613 or a single RF circuit 1614.

[0243] In addition, in addition to the cellular communication scheme, the wireless communication interface 1612 can support other types of wireless communication schemes, such as a short-range wireless communication scheme, a near field communication scheme, and a wireless local area network (LAN) scheme. In this case, the wireless communication interface 1612 may include a BB processor 1613 and an RF circuit 1614 for each wireless communication scheme.

[0244] Each of the antenna switches 1615 switches the connection destination of the antenna 1616 between a plurality of circuits (eg, circuits for different wireless communication schemes) included in the wireless communication interface 1612 .

[0245] Antenna 1616 includes multiple antenna elements, such as multiple antenna arrays for massive MIMO. Antenna 1616 can be arranged in an antenna array matrix, for example, and is used for wireless communication interface 1612 to transmit and receive wireless signals. Smartphone 1600 may include one or more antenna panels (not shown).

[0246] In addition, the smartphone 1600 may include an antenna 1616 for each wireless communication scheme. In this case, the antenna switch 1615 may be omitted from the configuration of the smartphone 1600.

[0247] The bus 1617 connects the processor 1601, the memory 1602, the storage device 1603, the external connection interface 1604, the camera 1606, the sensor 1607, the microphone 1608, the input device 1609, the display device 1610, the speaker 1611, the wireless communication interface 1612, and the auxiliary controller 1619. The battery 1618 supplies power to the various blocks of the smartphone 1600 shown in FIG12 via feeders, which are partially shown as dashed lines in the figure. The auxiliary controller 1619 operates the minimum necessary functions of the smartphone 1600, for example, in sleep mode.

[0248] At least a portion of the operations of FIG. 6A , FIG. 8A , and the operations performed by the host vehicle in FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 , and FIG. 7 may be implemented by the processor 1601 and / or the auxiliary controller 1619 and / or the BB processor 1613 in the smart phone 1600 shown in FIG. 12 .

[0249] As an example, the smartphone 1600 includes a portion (e.g., BB processor 1613) or the entirety of the wireless communication interface 1612, and / or a module including the processor 1601 and / or the auxiliary controller 1619, and one or more components may be implemented in the module. In this case, the module may store a program that allows the processor to function as one or more components (in other words, a program that allows the processor to perform the operations of one or more components), and the program may be executed. As another example, a program that allows the processor to function as one or more components may be installed in the smartphone 1600, and the wireless communication interface 1612 (e.g., BB processor 1613), the processor 1601, and / or the auxiliary controller 1619 may execute the program. As described above, as a device including one or more components, the smartphone 1600 or module may be provided, and a program that allows the processor to function as one or more components may be provided. In addition, a readable medium in which the program is recorded may be provided.

[0250] Second application example of user equipment

[0251] 13 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a car navigation device 1720 to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied. Car navigation device 1720 includes a processor 1721, a memory 1722, a global positioning system (GPS) module 1724, a sensor 1725, a data interface 1726, a content player 1727, a storage medium interface 1728, an input device 1729, a display device 1730, a speaker 1731, a wireless communication interface 1733, one or more antenna switches 1736, one or more antennas 1737, and a battery 1738.

[0252] The processor 1721 may be, for example, a CPU or an SoC, and controls a navigation function and other functions of the car navigation device 1720. The memory 1722 includes a RAM and a ROM, and stores data and programs executed by the processor 1721.

[0253] The GPS module 1724 uses GPS signals received from GPS satellites to measure the position (such as latitude, longitude, and altitude) of the car navigation device 1720. The sensor 1725 may include a group of sensors such as a gyroscope sensor, a geomagnetic sensor, and an air pressure sensor. The data interface 1726 is connected to, for example, the vehicle network 1741 via a terminal not shown, and obtains data generated by the vehicle (such as vehicle speed data).

[0254] The content player 1727 reproduces content stored in a storage medium (such as a CD or DVD) inserted into the storage medium interface 1728. The input device 1729 includes, for example, a touch sensor, button, or switch configured to detect a touch on the screen of the display device 1730, and receives operations or information input from the user. The display device 1730 includes a screen such as an LCD or OLED display and displays images of the navigation function or reproduced content. The speaker 1731 outputs sounds of the navigation function or reproduced content.

[0255] The wireless communication interface 1733 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as 4G LTE or 5G NR) and performs wireless communication. The wireless communication interface 1733 may generally include, for example, a BB processor 1734 and an RF circuit 1735. The BB processor 1734 may perform, for example, encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and multiplexing / demultiplexing, and perform various types of signal processing for wireless communication. Meanwhile, the RF circuit 1735 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmit and receive wireless signals via an antenna 1737. The wireless communication interface 1733 may also be a chip module on which the BB processor 1734 and the RF circuit 1735 are integrated. As shown in Figure 13, the wireless communication interface 1733 may include multiple BB processors 1734 and multiple RF circuits 1735. Although Figure 13 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 1733 includes multiple BB processors 1734 and multiple RF circuits 1735, the wireless communication interface 1733 may also include a single BB processor 1734 or a single RF circuit 1735.

[0256] In addition, in addition to the cellular communication scheme, the wireless communication interface 1733 can support other types of wireless communication schemes, such as short-range wireless communication schemes, near field communication schemes, and wireless LAN schemes. In this case, for each wireless communication scheme, the wireless communication interface 1733 can include a BB processor 1734 and an RF circuit 1735.

[0257] Each of the antenna switches 1736 switches a connection destination of the antenna 1737 between a plurality of circuits included in the wireless communication interface 1733 , such as circuits for different wireless communication schemes.

[0258] The antenna 1737 includes multiple antenna elements, such as multiple antenna arrays for massive MIMO, and can be arranged into an antenna array matrix, for example, and used for the wireless communication interface 1733 to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0259] In addition, the car navigation device 1720 may include an antenna 1737 for each wireless communication scheme. In this case, the antenna switch 1736 may be omitted from the configuration of the car navigation device 1720.

[0260] The battery 1738 supplies power to the respective blocks of the car navigation device 1720 shown in Fig. 13 via a feeder line, which is partially shown as a dotted line in the figure. The battery 1738 accumulates the power supplied from the vehicle.

[0261] At least a portion of the operations of FIG. 6A , FIG. 8A , and the operations performed by the host vehicle in FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 , and FIG. 7 may be implemented by the BB processor 1734 and / or the processor 1721 in the car navigation device 1720 shown in FIG. 13 .

[0262] As an example, the car navigation device 1720 includes a portion (e.g., BB processor 1734) or the entirety of the wireless communication interface 1733, and / or includes a module of the processor 1721, and one or more components may be implemented in the module. In this case, the module may store a program (in other words, a program for allowing the processor to perform the operation of one or more components) that allows the processing to function as one or more components, and the program may be executed. As another example, a program for allowing the processor to function as one or more components may be installed in the car navigation device 1720, and the wireless communication interface 1733 (e.g., BB processor 1734) and / or the processor 1721 may execute the program. As described above, as a device including one or more components, the car navigation device 1720 or a module may be provided, and a program for allowing the processor to function as one or more components may be provided. In addition, a readable medium in which the program is recorded may be provided.

[0263] The technology of the present disclosure can also be implemented as an in-vehicle system (or vehicle) 1740 including a car navigation device 1720, an in-vehicle network 1741, and one or more blocks of a vehicle module 1742. The vehicle module 1742 generates vehicle data (such as vehicle speed, engine speed, and fault information) and outputs the generated data to the in-vehicle network 1741.

[0264] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present disclosure is certainly not limited to the above examples. Those skilled in the art may obtain various changes and modifications within the scope of the appended claims, and it should be understood that these changes and modifications will naturally fall within the technical scope of the present disclosure.

[0265] For example, a plurality of functions included in one unit in the above embodiments may be implemented by separate devices. Alternatively, a plurality of functions implemented by a plurality of units in the above embodiments may be implemented by separate devices, respectively. In addition, one of the above functions may be implemented by a plurality of units. Needless to say, such a configuration is included in the technical scope of the present disclosure.

[0266] In this specification, the steps described in the flowchart include not only processing executed in time series in the order described, but also processing executed in parallel or individually rather than necessarily in time series. In addition, even in the steps processed in time series, it goes without saying that the order can be changed as appropriate.

[0267] Although the present disclosure and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and transformations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof in the embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

Claims

1. A system comprising: one or more processors; and one or more memories having computer program instructions stored thereon, the computer program instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, causing operations to be performed, the operations comprising: When cross-network migration of a mobile terminal's services occurs between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network, service collaboration is performed between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network based on the service type of the mobile terminal's services.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein: When a mobile terminal switches from a 5G cellular network to a V2X network and will not have support from the 5G cellular network after the switch, services of a QoS level that is not suitable for or cannot be supported by V2X are disabled before the switch.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein: The disabling signaling is sent to the mobile terminal via a data packet at the application layer.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein: Disabling is achieved through high-layer signaling interaction between the 5G base station and the mobile terminal and between the 5G base station and the V2X server.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein when a mobile terminal switches from a 5G cellular network to a V2X network and has support from the 5G cellular network after the switch, the first type of service is migrated to the V2X network and the second type of service is retained on the 5G cellular network.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein: The first type of service is a basic security application, and the second type of service is a high-level application; or The first type of services are services that require support from at least one of a roadside unit (RSU), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), or vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), and the second type of services are traditional basic safety services and high-level services.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein when a mobile terminal switches between a V2X network and a 5G cellular network, a one-to-one mapping between a V2X service level and a NR service level is performed for at least some of the service types of the mobile terminal to achieve switching.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein: When the mobile terminal switches from the 5G cellular network to the V2X network and has the support of the 5G cellular network after the switch, the service upgrade is performed using the 5G cellular network.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein: When the mobile terminal switches from the V2X network to the 5G cellular network, the service upgrade is performed using the 5G cellular network.

10. The system of claim 8 or 9, wherein: The service upgrade is triggered by the 5G server or the mobile terminal.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein: Service upgrades include support for raw data sharing based on V2X perception sharing messages.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein: The raw data sharing based on the V2X perception sharing message supports the mobile terminal to specify at least one of the following requirements for the raw data: the format of the raw data, the size of the raw data, the identifier of the device collecting the raw data, or whether the raw data is allowed to be roughly processed.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein: The V2X network includes an LTE-V2X network and / or an NR-V2X network, and the mobile terminal includes at least one of a vehicle terminal and a user equipment.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein: The mobile terminal (1) supports both 5G Uu services and V2X services, or (2) only supports 5G Uu services, wherein V2X services refer to vehicle network services that support direct communication and do not include services related to Uu connections.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein: The operation also includes one of the following: (1) When a V2X application server is deployed by a third party, before a mobile terminal undergoes cross-network service migration between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network, the V2X server deployed by the third party exchanges information related to the service of the mobile terminal with the 5G core network; (2) When the V2X application server is deployed by the operator, before the mobile terminal undergoes cross-network service migration between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network, the roadside unit notifies the V2X application server deployed by the operator through the backhaul network of information related to the service of the mobile terminal; or (3) When both the third party and the operator deploy V2X application servers, before the mobile terminal undergoes cross-network service migration between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network, information related to the service of the mobile terminal is exchanged between the V2X application server deployed by the third party and the V2X application server deployed by the operator.

16. A method comprising: When cross-network migration of a mobile terminal's services occurs between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network, service collaboration is performed between the V2X network and the 5G cellular network based on the service type of the mobile terminal's services.

17. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by one or more processors of a system, performs the method of claim 16.

18. A mobile terminal, comprising: one or more processors; and one or more memories having computer program instructions stored thereon, the computer program instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, causing operations to be performed, the operations comprising: Sending a first collaborative sensing data sharing request to the V2X roadside system and the first remote terminal supporting V2X via the PC5 interface, and sending a second collaborative sensing data sharing request to the 5G V2X server via the Uu interface; receiving, via the PC5 interface, sensing data from the V2X roadside system and the first V2X-enabled remote terminal in response to the first collaborative sensing data sharing request; receiving, via a Uu interface, sensing data in response to the second collaborative sensing data sharing request from the 5G V2X server; and Integrate the received sensory data.

19. The mobile terminal according to claim 18, wherein: The operations further include: Update autonomous driving decisions based on integrated perception data.

20. The mobile terminal according to claim 18, wherein The perception data in response to the second collaborative perception data sharing request is collected by the 5G V2X server from the second remote terminal that only supports the Uu interface, or is based on data collected by the 5G V2X server from the second remote terminal that only supports the Uu interface.

21. The mobile terminal according to claim 18, wherein: The mobile terminal includes a vehicle terminal and / or a user equipment.

22. A method comprising: From a mobile terminal: Sending a first collaborative sensing data sharing request to the V2X roadside system and the first remote terminal supporting V2X via the PC5 interface, and sending a second collaborative sensing data sharing request to the 5G V2X server via the Uu interface; receiving, via the PC5 interface, sensing data from the V2X roadside system and the first V2X-enabled remote terminal in response to the first collaborative sensing data sharing request; receiving, via a Uu interface, sensing data in response to the second collaborative sensing data sharing request from the 5G V2X server; and Integrate the received sensory data.

23. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which, when executed by one or more processors of a mobile terminal, performs the method of claim 22.

24. A mobile terminal, comprising: one or more processors; and one or more memories having computer program instructions stored thereon, the computer program instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, causing operations to be performed, the operations comprising: Sending collaborative sensing data sharing request to the 5G V2X server via the Uu interface; receiving, via the Uu interface, sensing data from a 5G V2X server in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request; and Integrate the received sensory data.

25. The mobile terminal according to claim 24, wherein: The operations further include: Update autonomous driving decisions based on integrated perception data.

26. The mobile terminal according to claim 24, wherein: The perception data in response to the collaborative perception data sharing request includes perception data collected by the 5G V2X server from at least one of the roadside system, the remote terminal supporting both V2X and 5G, and the remote terminal supporting only 5G, or is based on the perception data collected by the 5G V2X server from at least one of the roadside system, the remote terminal supporting both V2X and 5G, and the remote terminal supporting only 5G.

27. A method comprising: From a mobile terminal: Sending collaborative sensing data sharing request to the 5G V2X server via the Uu interface; receiving, via the Uu interface, sensing data from a 5G V2X server in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request; and Integrate the received sensory data.

28. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which, when executed by one or more processors of a mobile terminal, performs the method of claim 27.

29. A 5G V2X server, comprising: one or more processors; and one or more memories having computer program instructions stored thereon, the computer program instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, causing operations to be performed, the operations comprising: receiving a collaborative sensing data sharing request from a mobile terminal via a Uu interface; The sensing data in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request is sent to the mobile terminal via the Uu interface.

30. The 5G V2X server according to claim 29, wherein: The mobile terminal supports both the PC5 interface and the Uu interface, and the operation further includes: In response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request, sensing data from a remote terminal that only supports the Uu interface is collected.

31. The 5G V2X server according to claim 29, wherein the mobile terminal only supports a Uu interface, and the operation further comprises: In response to the collaborative perception data sharing request, perception data shared by at least one of a roadside system, a remote terminal supporting both V2X and 5G, and a remote terminal supporting only 5G is collected.

32. A method comprising: By 5G V2X server: receiving a collaborative sensing data sharing request from a mobile terminal via a Uu interface; The sensing data in response to the collaborative sensing data sharing request is sent to the mobile terminal via the Uu interface.

33. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by one or more processors of a 5G V2X server, perform the method of claim 32.

Images