Electronic device

Abstract

The present application provides an electronic device, comprising an antenna. The antenna comprises a first radiator, a second radiator, and a metal connecting piece connected between the first radiator and the second radiator. The antenna generates first resonance and second resonance, and has good system efficiency and radiation efficiency at frequencies covered by both the first resonance and the second resonance.

Description

An electronic device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on March 8, 2024, with application number 202410269916.0 and application name “An Electronic Device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular to an electronic device. Background Art

[0003] As demand for high-speed data transmission increases, the industrial design (ID) trend of electronic devices is toward larger screens and multiple cameras. This significantly reduces antenna clearance, limiting layout space.

[0004] Currently, the communication frequency bands of electronic devices will continue to coexist for a long time, including the third-generation wireless systems (3G), fourth-generation wireless systems (4G), and fifth-generation wireless systems (5G), requiring an increasing number of antennas.

[0005] However, traditional methods such as increasing the size of the antenna's radiator to expand the antenna's efficiency bandwidth have reached a bottleneck. Therefore, while keeping the size of the radiator unchanged, increasing the antenna's efficiency bandwidth has become a top priority. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides an electronic device including an antenna. The antenna includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a metal connector connecting the first radiator and the second radiator. The antenna generates a first resonance and a second resonance, and exhibits good system efficiency and radiation efficiency at frequencies covered by the first resonance and the second resonance.

[0007] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a printed circuit board PCB and a back cover, the PCB and the back cover being arranged facing each other; an antenna, the antenna comprising: a first radiator, a second radiator and a first metal connector, the first radiator, the second radiator and the first metal connector being arranged between the PCB and the back cover; wherein the first radiator includes a first connection point, the second radiator includes a second connection point, the first end of the first metal connector is coupled to the first connection point, and the second end of the first metal connector is coupled to the second connection point; the length L of the first metal connector and the length L1 of the first radiator and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfy: (L1+L2) / 16≤L≤(L1+L2) / 2.

[0008] According to the embodiments of the present application, by utilizing a connection structure with a relatively short first metal connector, when the antenna resonates, the current or electric field generated by the antenna is primarily concentrated in different radiators and their surrounding areas. The first radiator and its surrounding area and the second radiator and its surrounding area do not simultaneously experience currents or electric fields of substantially the same strength. This reduces the antenna's conductor and dielectric losses during resonance, thereby improving the antenna's system efficiency and radiation efficiency.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device also includes a floor; the first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator are opposite to each other and do not contact each other; the first end of the first radiator or the first metal part includes a first grounding point, the first radiator or the first metal part is coupled to the floor at the first grounding point, and the second end of the first radiator is an open end; the first end of the second radiator is an open end, the second end of the second radiator includes a second grounding point, and the second radiator is coupled to the floor at the second grounding point.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first metal member includes a first grounding point, and a length of the first metal member between the first connection point and the first grounding point is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device also includes a floor; the first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator are opposite to each other and do not contact each other; the first end of the first radiator or the first metal part includes a first grounding point, the first radiator or the first metal part is coupled to the floor at the first grounding point, and the second end of the first radiator is an open end; the first end of the second radiator or the first metal part includes a second grounding point, the second end of the second radiator or the first metal part is an open end, and the second radiator is coupled to the floor at the second grounding point.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first metal part includes a first grounding point, and the length of the first metal part between the first connection point and the first grounding point is less than or equal to 5 mm, and / or the first metal part includes a second grounding point, and the length of the first metal part between the second connection point and the second grounding point is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first radiator and the second radiator are used to generate a first resonance and a second resonance, the frequency of the first resonance is lower than the frequency of the second resonance; at a first resonance point of the first resonance, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are in opposite directions; at a second resonance point of the second resonance, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are in the same direction.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a floor; the first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator are opposite to each other and do not contact each other; the first end of the first radiator is an open end, the second end of the first radiator includes a first grounding point, and the first radiator is coupled to the floor at the first grounding point; the first end of the second radiator is an open end, the second end of the second radiator includes a second grounding point, and the second radiator is coupled to the floor at the second grounding point.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first radiator and the second radiator are used to generate a first resonance and a second resonance, the frequency of the first resonance is lower than the frequency of the second resonance; at a first resonance point of the first resonance, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are in the same direction; at a second resonance point of the second resonance, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are in opposite directions.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present application, one end of the first radiator and the second radiator is a ground end, and the other end is an open end, forming a structure similar to an inverted F antenna (IFA) or a left-hand antenna. The left-hand antenna can, for example, be an antenna that conforms to a composite right and left hand (CRLH) transmission line structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the ground end of the first radiator and the ground end of the second radiator may be arbitrarily arranged, for example, close to each other or far away from each other, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a feeding circuit, the first radiator includes a feeding point, and the feeding circuit is coupled to the feeding point.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present application, compared with the case where the feeding point is set on the first metal connector, when the feeding point is set on the first radiator, the conductor loss and dielectric loss of the antenna when resonance occurs are smaller, which can better improve the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna, and enable the antenna to have a wider efficiency bandwidth.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a first radiator length D1 between the feeding point and the first connection point is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0021] According to the embodiment of the present application, the feeding point and the first connection point are arranged at intervals, which can make the antenna have better radiation characteristics.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna further includes a first electronic component; the first electronic component is coupled and connected between the first end of the first metal connector and the first connection point.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna further includes a second electronic component; the second electronic component is coupled and connected between the second end of the first metal connector and the second connection point.

[0024] According to embodiments of the present application, the first and / or second electronic components can be used to determine the impedance between the first connection point of the first radiator and / or the second connection point of the second radiator and the first metal connector to match the first and / or second radiators. The first and / or second electronic components can be used to increase the degree of freedom in adjusting the radiation characteristics of the antenna.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first electronic component may be inductive, for example, an inductor, or a component equivalent to an inductor.

[0026] In some embodiments, the second electronic component may be capacitive, for example, may be a capacitor, or a component equivalent to a capacitor.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the length L1 of the first radiator and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfy: L2×90%≤L1≤L2×120%.

[0028] According to the embodiment of the present application, the length L1 of the first radiator is substantially the same as the length L2 of the second radiator, which improves the symmetry of the antenna and enables the antenna to have better radiation characteristics.

[0029] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna further includes a third radiator; wherein the first radiator is arranged between the third radiator and the second radiator, and the third radiator is used to generate a third resonance.

[0030] According to embodiments of the present application, the provision of a third radiator allows the antenna to generate a third resonance in addition to the first and second resonances. In some embodiments, the third resonance can be understood as a parasitic resonance. In some embodiments, the first, second, and third resonances are located close to each other, forming a single resonance to expand the antenna's operating bandwidth.

[0031] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first radiator and the second radiator are used to generate a first resonance and a second resonance; the first resonance, the second resonance, and the third resonance together form at least one operating frequency band of the antenna.

[0032] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the antenna has a second metal connector and a third radiator; the second radiator includes a third connection point, and the third radiator includes a fourth connection point; the first end of the second metal connector is coupled to the third connection point, and the second end of the second metal connector is coupled to the fourth connection point.

[0033] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are used to generate a first resonance, a second resonance, and a third resonance; the first resonance, the second resonance, and the third resonance together form at least one operating frequency band of the antenna.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are used to generate a first resonance, a second resonance, and a third resonance. The first resonance, the second resonance, and the third resonance can together form a resonance to expand the bandwidth of the antenna.

[0035] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the length L1 of the first radiator and the length L3 of the third radiator satisfy: L3×90%≤L1≤L3×120%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another antenna 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0045] FIG10 is an S-parameter simulation result of the antenna 200 shown in FIG9 .

[0046] FIG. 11 is a simulation result of the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 10 .

[0047] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of current distribution at the first resonance point of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG9 .

[0048] FIG13 is a schematic diagram showing the current distribution of the antenna 200 at the second resonance point in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG9 .

[0049] FIG14 is a schematic diagram showing the current distribution of the antenna 200 at the third resonance point in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG9 .

[0050] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0052] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following explains the terms that may appear in the embodiments of the present application.

[0054] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein is simply a term used to describe the existence of three possible relationships between related objects. For example, "A and / or B" can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of both A and B, and the existence of B alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0055] When used in this application, "within the range of...", unless it is specifically stated that the end value is not included, it is assumed that both end values ​​of the range are included. For example, in the range of 1 to 5, the two values ​​1 and 5 are included.

[0056] Coupling: can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling, and "coupling connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be referred to as "electrical connection", which is understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form in which different components in the circuit structure are connected through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors being electrically conductive in an airless / non-contact manner. In some embodiments, indirect coupling can also be referred to as capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gap between two conductive parts.

[0057] Component / device: includes at least one of lumped component / device and distributed component / device.

[0058] Lumped component / device: This refers to all components whose size is much smaller than the wavelength relative to the circuit's operating frequency. For a signal, the component's characteristics remain constant at all times, regardless of frequency.

[0059] Distributed components / devices: Unlike lumped components, if the size of the component is similar to or larger than the wavelength relative to the circuit operating frequency, then when the signal passes through the component, the characteristics of each point of the component itself will vary due to changes in the signal. At this time, the component as a whole cannot be regarded as a single entity with fixed characteristics, but should be called a distributed component.

[0060] Capacitance: This can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitors; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive parts separated by a certain gap.

[0061] Inductance: This can be understood as lumped inductance and / or distributed inductance. Lumped inductance refers to inductive components, such as inductors; distributed inductance (or distributed inductance) refers to the equivalent inductance formed by a certain length of conductive material.

[0062] Radiator: A device in an antenna used to receive / send electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, the narrow meaning of "antenna" is the radiator, which converts the guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, used to radiate and receive radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via the feeder line, where it is converted into a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization from a specific direction in space into modulated high-frequency current energy and transmits it to the receiver input via the feeder line.

[0063] The radiator may include a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as a wire or sheet, etc. The present application does not limit the specific shape. In some embodiments, the linear radiator can be simply referred to as a wire antenna. In some embodiments, the linear radiator can be implemented by a conductive frame, which can also be called a frame antenna. In some embodiments, the linear radiator can be implemented by a bracket conductor, which can also be called a bracket antenna. In some embodiments, the wire diameter (for example, including thickness and width) of the linear radiator, or the radiator of the wire antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (for example, the wavelength of the medium) (for example, less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length can be comparable to the wavelength (for example, the wavelength of the medium) (for example, the length is about 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). The main forms of wire antennas include dipole antennas, half-wave dipole antennas, monopole antennas, loop antennas, and inverted F antennas (also known as IFA, Inverted F Antenna). For example, for a dipole antenna, each dipole antenna typically includes two radiating branches, and each branch is fed by a feeding portion from the feeding end of the radiating branch. For example, an inverted-F antenna (IFA) can be regarded as a monopole antenna with a ground path added. The IFA antenna has a feeding point and a grounding point, and is called an inverted-F antenna because its side view is an inverted F shape. In some embodiments, the sheet radiator may include a microstrip antenna, or a patch antenna, such as a planar inverted F antenna (also known as a PIFA, Planar Inverted F Antenna). In some embodiments, the sheet radiator may be implemented by a planar conductor (such as a conductive sheet or a conductive coating, etc.). In some embodiments, the sheet radiator may include a conductive sheet, such as a copper sheet, etc. In some embodiments, the sheet radiator may include a conductive coating, such as a silver paste, etc. The shapes of the sheet radiator include circular, rectangular, annular, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. The structure of a microstrip antenna generally consists of a dielectric substrate, a radiator, and a ground plane, wherein the dielectric substrate is disposed between the radiator and the ground plane.

[0064] The radiator may also include a slot or slot formed in a conductor, for example, a closed or semi-closed slot or slot formed in a grounded conductor surface. In some embodiments, a slotted or slotted radiator may be referred to as a slot antenna or slot antenna. In some embodiments, the radial dimension (e.g., including the width) of the slot or slot of the slot antenna / slot antenna is significantly smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length dimension may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., approximately 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). In some embodiments, a radiator with a closed slot or slot may be referred to as a closed slot antenna. In some embodiments, a radiator with a semi-closed slot or slot (e.g., a closed slot or slot with an additional opening) may be referred to as an open slot antenna. In some embodiments, the slot is elongated. In some embodiments, the slot is approximately half a wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot is approximately an integer multiple of the wavelength (e.g., one wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot can be fed with a transmission line spanning one or both sides of the slot, thereby exciting a radio frequency electromagnetic field in the slot and radiating electromagnetic waves into space. In some embodiments, the radiator of a slot antenna or slot antenna can be implemented by a conductive frame with both ends grounded, also known as a frame antenna. In this embodiment, the slot antenna or slot antenna can be considered to include a linear radiator spaced from the floor and grounded at both ends, thereby forming a closed or semi-enclosed slot or slot. In some embodiments, the radiator of a slot antenna or slot antenna can be implemented by a bracket conductor with both ends grounded, also known as a bracket antenna.

[0065] The feed circuit is a combination of all circuits used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals. The feed circuit may include a transceiver and an RF front end circuit. In some cases, the "feed circuit" is understood in a narrow sense as a radio frequency chip (RFIC, Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit), and the RFIC can be considered to include an RF front end chip and a transceiver. The feed circuit has the function of converting radio waves (e.g., radio frequency signals) and electrical signals (e.g., digital signals). Generally, it is considered to be part of the radio frequency.

[0066] In some embodiments, the electronic device may also include a test socket (also referred to as an RF socket or RF test socket). This test socket can be used to insert a coaxial cable to test the characteristics of the RF front-end circuit or the antenna radiator through the cable. The RF front-end circuit can be considered as the circuit portion coupled between the test socket and the transceiver.

[0067] In some embodiments, the RF front-end circuit may be integrated into a RF front-end chip in the electronic device, or the RF front-end circuit and the transceiver may be integrated into a RF chip in the electronic device.

[0068] It should be understood that any two of the first / second / ...Nth feeding circuits in the present application can share the same transceiver, for example, transmitting signals through a radio frequency channel in a transceiver (for example, a port (pin) of a radio frequency chip); they can also share a radio frequency front-end circuit, for example, processing signals through a tuning circuit or amplifier in a radio frequency front-end.

[0069] It should also be understood that two feeding circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feeding circuit in the present application usually correspond to two radio frequency test sockets in the electronic device.

[0070] A matching circuit is a circuit used to adjust the radiation characteristics of an antenna. In some embodiments, the matching circuit is coupled between the feed circuit and the corresponding radiator. In some embodiments, the matching circuit is coupled between the test socket and the radiator. Typically, the matching circuit is a combination of circuits coupled between the radiator and the ground plane. In some embodiments, the matching circuit may include a tuning circuit and / or electronic components, and the tuning circuit may be an electronic component used to switch the coupling connection of the radiator. The matching circuit performs impedance matching and / or frequency tuning functions. Generally, it is considered to be part of the antenna.

[0071] The grounding structure / feeding structure may include a connector, such as a metal spring, through which the radiator is coupled to the floor / feeding structure is coupled to the feeding circuit. In some embodiments, the feeding structure may include a transmission line / feeding line, and the grounding structure may include a grounding wire.

[0072] End / point: The "end / point" in the first end / second end / feeding end / grounding end / feeding point / grounding point / connection point of the antenna radiator should not be narrowly understood as an end point or end portion that is physically disconnected from other radiators, but can also be considered as a point or a section on a continuous radiator. In some embodiments, the "end / point" may include a connection / coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, the feeding end / feeding point may be a connection / coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to a feeding structure or a feeding circuit (for example, an area facing a portion of the feeding circuit). For another example, the grounding end / grounding point may be a connection / coupling area on the antenna radiator that is coupled to a grounding structure or a grounding circuit (for example, an area facing a portion of the grounding circuit).

[0073] Open end, closed end: In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to whether they are grounded. The closed end is grounded, and the open end is not grounded. In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductors. The closed end is electrically connected to other conductors, and the open end is not electrically connected to other conductors. In some embodiments, the open end can also be referred to as a floating end, a free end, an open end, or an open-circuit end. In some embodiments, the closed end can also be referred to as a grounded end or a short-circuit end. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled to each other through the open end to transfer coupling energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0074] In some embodiments, the "closed end" can also be understood from the perspective of current distribution. The closed end or the grounded end can be understood as a point with larger current on the radiator, or as a point with smaller electric field on the radiator. In some embodiments, the current distribution characteristics of larger current / smaller electric field can be maintained by coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the closed end. In some embodiments, the current distribution characteristics of larger current / smaller electric field can be maintained by opening a gap at or near the closed end (for example, a gap filled with insulating material).

[0075] In some embodiments, the understanding of "open end" can also be viewed from the perspective of current distribution. The open end or floating end can be understood as a point with low current on the radiator, or as a point with high electric field on the radiator. In some embodiments, coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the open end can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the low current point / high electric field point.

[0076] It should be understood that coupling the radiator end at a gap (from the perspective of the radiator structure, it is similar to the radiator at the opening of the open end or the suspended end) with electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) can make the radiator end a point with larger current / smaller electric field. In this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

[0077] The “suspended radiator” mentioned in the embodiments of the present application means that the radiator is not directly connected to the feed line / feed branch and / or the ground line / ground branch, but is fed and / or grounded through indirect coupling.

[0078] It should be understood that the "suspended" in "suspended end" and "suspended radiator" does not mean that there is no structure around the radiator to support it. In some embodiments, the suspended radiator can be, for example, a radiator disposed on the inner surface of the insulating back cover.

[0079] The current same direction / reverse direction mentioned in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the direction of the main current on the conductor on the same side is the same direction / reverse direction. For example, when stimulating a unidirectional distributed current on a conductor that is bent or ring-shaped (for example, the current path is also bent or ring-shaped), it should be understood that, for example, the main currents stimulated on the conductors on both sides of the ring conductor (for example, a conductor surrounding a gap, on the conductors on both sides of the gap) are opposite in direction, which still falls within the definition of the unidirectional distributed current in the embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments, the current same direction on a conductor can refer to the current on the conductor having no reversal point. In some embodiments, the current reverse on a conductor can refer to the current on the conductor having at least one reversal point. In some embodiments, the current same direction on two conductors can refer to the current on both conductors having no reversal point and flowing in the same direction. In some embodiments, the current reverse on two conductors can refer to the current on both conductors having no reversal point and flowing in opposite directions. The current same direction / reversal on multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.

[0080] Resonance / resonance frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency point frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, the antenna / radiator mentioned in this application produces a "first / second... resonance", where the first resonance should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiator, or in other words, the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna / radiator. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to the specific design, and each antenna mode can generate a corresponding fundamental mode resonance.

[0081] Resonant frequency band: The range of the resonant frequency is the resonant frequency band. The return loss characteristic of any frequency point in the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0082] Communication frequency band / operating frequency band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna that supports the B40 frequency band operates between 2300MHz and 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating frequency band includes the B40 frequency band. The frequency range that meets the required specifications can be considered the antenna's operating frequency band.

[0083] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band may be the same, or may partially overlap. In some embodiments, one or more resonant frequency bands of an antenna may overlap one or more operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0084] Electrical length: It can refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e. mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0085] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0086] Wavelength: Or operating wavelength, this can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, if the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using 1955MHz. "Operating wavelength" is not limited to the center frequency; it can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to a non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band.

[0087] It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiation signal in air can be calculated as follows: (wavelength in air, or wavelength in vacuum) = speed of light / frequency, where frequency is the frequency of the radiation signal (MHz), and the speed of light can be taken as 3×10 8 m / s. The wavelength of the radiation signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: Wherein, ε is the relative dielectric constant of the medium. The wavelength in the embodiments of the present application generally refers to the dielectric wavelength, which can be the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency, or the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency is 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the wavelength can be the dielectric wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, "dielectric wavelength" can also refer to the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the working frequency band. For ease of understanding, the dielectric wavelength mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be simply calculated by the relative dielectric constant of the medium filled on one or more sides of the radiator.

[0088] Antenna system efficiency (total efficiency): refers to the ratio of input power to output power at the antenna port.

[0089] Antenna radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by an antenna into space (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. Active power input to the antenna = antenna input power minus power loss; power loss primarily includes return loss and metal ohmic loss and / or dielectric loss. Radiation efficiency measures the antenna's radiation capability, and both metal loss and dielectric loss contribute to it.

[0090] Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, which has a corresponding conversion relationship with dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0091] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port by the antenna circuit to the antenna port's transmitted power. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the greater the antenna's radiation efficiency. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0092] Antenna return loss can be expressed using the S11 parameter, a type of S parameter. S11 represents the reflection coefficient and characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is typically negative. A smaller S11 parameter indicates lower antenna return loss and less energy reflected back from the antenna itself, meaning more energy actually enters the antenna and higher system efficiency. A larger S11 parameter indicates greater antenna return loss and lower system efficiency.

[0093] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as a standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0094] Specific absorption rate (SAR): A measure of the amount of radio frequency radiation energy actually absorbed by the body. It's expressed in watts per kilogram (W / kg) or milliwatts per gram (mW / g). The precise definition of SAR is: the time derivative of the energy (dw) absorbed per unit mass (dm) per unit volume (dv) at a given mass density (ρ—tissue density).

[0095] There are currently two internationally accepted standards, one is the European standard 2w / kg, and the other is the American standard 1.6w / kg. According to the European standard, its specific meaning is that the electromagnetic radiation energy absorbed by each kilogram of human tissue shall not exceed 2 watts based on a 6-minute timeframe.

[0096] Ground (GND): can generally refer to at least a part of any grounding layer, grounding plate, or grounding metal layer in an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a part of any combination of any of the above grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding components, etc. "Ground" can be used for grounding components in an electronic device. In one embodiment, "ground" can be the grounding layer of a circuit board of an electronic device, or it can be the grounding plate formed by the middle frame of the electronic device, or the grounding metal layer formed by the metal film under the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12 to 14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or an element separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric layer or insulating layer such as fiberglass, polymer, etc. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a grounding layer, and a routing layer, and the routing layer and the grounding layer are electrically connected through vias. In one embodiment, components such as a display, touch screen, input buttons, transmitter, processor, memory, battery, charging circuit, and system-on-chip (SoC) structures can be mounted on or connected to a circuit board, or electrically connected to a trace layer and / or ground layer in the circuit board. For example, a radio frequency source can be located on a trace layer.

[0097] Any of the above-mentioned grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding metal layers are made of a conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass, and alloys thereof, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, a graphite-coated substrate, a copper-plated substrate, a brass-plated substrate, and an aluminum-plated substrate. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the grounding layer / grounding plate / grounding metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0098] Grounding refers to coupling to the ground / floor in any manner. In some embodiments, grounding can be achieved through physical grounding, such as achieving physical grounding at a specific location on the frame through a portion of the midframe's structural components (or referred to as a physical ground). In some embodiments, grounding can be achieved through device grounding, such as grounding a device such as a capacitor, inductor, or resistor connected in series or in parallel (or referred to as a device ground).

[0099] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0100] As shown in FIG1 , electronic device 10 may include a cover 13, a display / module 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame 19, and a rear cover 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, cover 13 may be a glass cover or may be replaced with a cover made of other materials, such as a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) material.

[0101] The cover plate 13 may be disposed closely against the display module 15 , and may be mainly used to protect the display module 15 and prevent dust.

[0102] In some embodiments, the display module 15 may include a liquid crystal display panel (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0103] The middle frame 19 mainly supports the entire device. FIG1 shows that the PCB 17 is arranged between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the PCB 17 can also be arranged between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this. Among them, the PCB 17 can use a flame-resistant material (FR-4) dielectric board, a Rogers dielectric board, a mixed dielectric board of Rogers and FR-4, and so on. Here, FR-4 is a code for a grade of flame-resistant material, and the Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board. The PCB 17 carries electronic components, such as radio frequency chips. In some embodiments, a metal layer can be provided on the PCB 17. This metal layer can be used to ground the electronic components carried on the PCB 17, and can also be used to ground other components, such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. The metal layer can be called a floor, a grounding plate, or a grounding layer. In some embodiments, the metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of any layer of the dielectric board in the PCB 17. In some embodiments, the metal layer used for grounding can be provided on the side of PCB 17 near midframe 19. In some embodiments, the edge of PCB 17 can be considered the edge of its grounding layer. In some embodiments, the metal midframe 19 can also be used to ground the aforementioned components. Electronic device 10 may also have other floor / grounding plates / grounding layers, as previously described and will not be further elaborated here.

[0104] Due to the compactness of electronic devices, a floor / ground plate / ground layer is typically provided within a 0-2 mm internal space from the inner surface of the frame (for example, the printed circuit board, midframe, screen metal layer, battery, etc. can all be considered part of the floor). In some embodiments, a dielectric is filled between the frame and the floor, and the length and width of the rectangle enclosed by the inner surface contour of the dielectric filling can be simply considered the length and width of the floor. Alternatively, the length and width of the rectangle enclosed by the contour of all conductive parts within the frame can be considered the length and width of the floor.

[0105] The electronic device 10 may further include a battery (not shown). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15, and this is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a main board and a sub-board, and the battery may be disposed between the main board and the sub-board. The main board may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the sub-board may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0106] The electronic device 10 may further include a frame 11, which may be made of a conductive material such as metal. The frame 11 may be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 10. The frame 11 may have four sides surrounding the display module 15 to help secure the display module 15.

[0107] In one implementation, the frame 11, which primarily comprises a conductive material, can be referred to as a conductive frame or metal frame of the electronic device 10, and is suitable for use in industrial designs (IDs) with a metallic appearance. In one implementation, the outer surface of the frame 11 is primarily made of a conductive material, such as a metal material, thereby creating the appearance of a metallic frame. In these implementations, the conductive portion of the frame 11, including the outer surface, can serve as an antenna radiator for the electronic device 10 and is generally referred to as a frame antenna.

[0108] In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame 11 is primarily composed of a non-conductive material, such as plastic, creating a non-metallic frame appearance suitable for non-metallic IDs. In one implementation, the inner surface of the frame 11 may include a conductive material, such as metal. In this implementation, the conductive portion of the inner surface of the frame 11 can serve as an antenna radiator for the electronic device 10. It should be understood that the radiator (or, in other words, the conductive material on the inner surface) disposed on the inner surface of the frame 11 can be positioned adjacent to the non-conductive material of the frame 11 to minimize the volume occupied by the radiator and to be closer to the exterior of the electronic device 10, achieving better signal transmission. This can also be referred to as a frame antenna. It should be noted that the antenna radiator being positioned adjacent to the non-conductive material of the frame 11 means that the antenna radiator can be positioned closely to the inner surface of the non-conductive material, embedded within the non-conductive material, or positioned close to the inner surface of the non-conductive material, for example, with a small gap between the antenna radiator and the inner surface of the non-conductive material. It should be understood that both the conductive and non-conductive materials can be considered part of the frame 11.

[0109] It should be understood that there may be an insulating gap on the frame 11, and the conductive part of the frame between the two insulating gaps or the insulating gap and the grounding point serves as a radiator, thereby forming a frame antenna. When the frame 11 is formed of a conductive material such as metal, the insulating gap can be understood as a gap opened in the frame 11 filled with non-metallic material (insulating material). In this case, the gap is visible on the exterior surface. When the outer surface of the frame 11 is a non-conductive material, the insulating gap can be understood as a gap formed between two sections of radiators on the inner surface of the frame 11. Non-metallic material (insulating material) may be provided in the gap, or non-metallic material may not be provided, for example, it may be filled with air. In this case, the gap is not visible on the exterior surface.

[0110] The middle frame 19 may include a frame 11, and the middle frame 19 including the frame 11 is an integral part that can support the electronic devices in the whole machine. The cover 13 and the back cover 21 are respectively covered along the upper and lower edges of the frame to form a shell or housing (housing) of the electronic device. In some embodiments, the cover 13, the back cover 21, the frame 11 and / or the middle frame 19 can be collectively referred to as the shell or housing of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that "shell or housing" can be used to refer to part or all of any one of the cover 13, the back cover 21, the frame 11 or the middle frame 19, or to part or all of any combination of the cover 13, the back cover 21, the frame 11 or the middle frame 19.

[0111] The frame 11 can at least partially serve as an antenna radiator to transmit and receive radio frequency signals. A gap can exist between this portion of the frame serving as the radiator and the rest of the middle frame 19 to ensure a good radiation environment for the antenna radiator. In some embodiments, the middle frame 19 can have an aperture in this portion of the frame serving as the radiator to facilitate antenna radiation.

[0112] Alternatively, the frame 11 may not be considered as part of the middle frame 19. In some embodiments, the frame 11 may be connected to the middle frame 19 and formed integrally. In another embodiment, the frame 11 may include a protrusion extending inward to connect to the middle frame 19, for example, by means of shrapnel, screws, welding, etc. The protrusion of the frame 11 can also be used to receive a feed signal, so that at least a portion of the frame 11 serves as a radiator of the antenna to receive / transmit radio frequency signals. There may be a gap between this part of the frame that serves as the radiator and the middle frame 19, thereby ensuring that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment, so that the antenna has a good signal transmission function.

[0113] The back cover 21 can be made of metal, non-conductive materials such as glass or plastic, or a combination of conductive and non-conductive materials. In some embodiments, the conductive back cover 21 can replace the middle frame 19 and integrate with the frame 11 to support the electronic components within the device.

[0114] In some embodiments, the middle frame 19 and / or the conductive parts in the back cover 21 can serve as a reference ground for the electronic device 10, wherein the frame 11, PCB 17, etc. of the electronic device can be grounded through electrical connection with the middle frame.

[0115] The antenna of electronic device 10 may also be disposed within the housing, such as a bracket antenna or millimeter-wave antenna (not shown in FIG1 ). The clearance for the antenna disposed within the housing can be provided by a slot / opening in any of the middle frame, and / or the frame, and / or the back cover, and / or the display screen, or by a non-conductive gap / aperture formed between any of these. The antenna clearance ensures the antenna's radiation characteristics. It should be understood that the antenna clearance can be a non-conductive area formed by any conductive component within electronic device 10, through which the antenna radiates signals to the outside world. In some embodiments, the antenna may be based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), an antenna based on laser-direct-structuring (LDS), or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA). In some embodiments, the antenna may also be a transparent structure embedded within the screen of electronic device 10, such that the antenna is a transparent antenna unit embedded within the screen of electronic device 10.

[0116] FIG. 1 only schematically illustrates some components of the electronic device 10 , and the actual shapes, sizes, and structures of these components are not limited by FIG. 1 .

[0117] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the surface where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered as the front surface, the surface where the back cover is located can be considered as the back surface, and the surface where the frame is located can be considered as the side surface.

[0118] Currently, electronic devices will continue to experience a coexistence of 3G, 4G, and 5G frequency bands for communication, requiring an increasing number of antennas. However, traditional methods of expanding the antenna's efficiency bandwidth, such as increasing the size of the radiator, have reached a bottleneck. Therefore, increasing the antenna's efficiency bandwidth while maintaining the same radiator size has become a top priority.

[0119] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device including an antenna. The antenna includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a metal connector connecting the first radiator and the second radiator. The antenna generates a first resonance and a second resonance, and exhibits good system efficiency and radiation efficiency at frequencies covered by the first resonance and the second resonance.

[0120] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 10 shown in Fig. 1 may include the antenna 200 shown in Fig. 2 .

[0121] As shown in FIG. 2 , the antenna 200 includes a first radiator 210 , a second radiator 220 and a first metal connector 230 .

[0122] The first radiator 210 includes a first connection point 211 , and the second radiator 220 includes a second connection point 212 . A first end of the first metal connector 230 is coupled to the first connection point 211 , and a second end of the first metal connector 230 is coupled to the second connection point 212 .

[0123] In some embodiments, the first end of the first metal connector 230 can be understood as the end of the first metal connector 230 that is closer to the first radiator 210, and the second end of the first metal connector 230 can be understood as the end of the first metal connector 230 that is closer to the second radiator 220. In some embodiments, the first connection point 211 can be located on a side of the first radiator 210 that is closer to the second radiator 220, and the second connection point 212 can be located on a side of the second radiator 220 that is closer to the first radiator 210, so that the length of the first metal connector 230 is relatively short.

[0124] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the coupling connection can be achieved through direct coupling or indirect coupling. For the sake of simplicity of discussion, direct coupling (electrical connection) is used as an example for explanation. In actual applications, it can be adjusted according to different layout methods, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0125] In the embodiment of the present application, the length L of the first metal connector 230 , the length L1 of the first radiator 210 , and the length L2 of the second radiator 220 may satisfy: (L1+L2) / 16≤L≤(L1+L2) / 2.

[0126] It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application do not impose any restrictions on this, and can be determined based on actual production or design. The length of the first metal connector 230 can be understood as the total length of one or more metal connectors with different structural combinations. It should be understood that in some embodiments, when the first metal connector 230 is mainly made of one material, the length of the main material can also be used as the total length of the first metal connector, such as the total length of the metal parts on the antenna bracket. It should also be understood that when multiple structures of different materials are connected in sequence to form metal connectors, the total length of the multiple metal connectors can also be understood as the total length of the first metal connector. For example, as long as the length of one material is greater than 1 mm, it can be used to calculate the total length. In some embodiments, when the first metal connector 230 and the radiator are integrally formed, the total length of the first metal connector 230 can be understood as the total length of the first metal connector 230 that bends and extends between the two connection points with the radiator.

[0127] It should also be understood that in some embodiments, the maximum cross-sectional area of ​​the first metal connector 230 should be smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the radiator. For example, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first metal connector 230 is less than or equal to 60% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the radiator.

[0128] In some embodiments, the first metal connector 230 can be a combination of one or more of the following: a radio frequency transmission line such as a cable, a microstrip, or a coaxial line; a metal trace on a dielectric board (for example, a PCB of an electronic device); a metal trace on a flexible circuit board (FPC); a metal part (which may, for example, include a metal wire and / or a metal sheet) on an antenna bracket (for example, based on laser direct structuring (LDS)); other insulating parts such as a metal part provided on an insulating back cover of an electronic device (which may include insulating materials such as glass and ceramic); other conductive connectors such as springs, reeds, conductive foam, and the like.

[0129] According to the embodiment of the present application, by adopting a connection structure with a relatively short first metal connector 230, when antenna 200 resonates, the current or electric field generated by antenna 200 is primarily concentrated in different radiators and their surrounding areas. The first radiator 210 and its surrounding area and the second radiator 220 and its surrounding area do not simultaneously experience currents or electric fields of substantially the same strength. This reduces the conductor and dielectric losses of the antenna during resonance, thereby improving the antenna's system efficiency and radiation efficiency.

[0130] Furthermore, since the length of the first metal connector 230 in the antenna 200 is relatively short, the layout between the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 and the first metal connector 230 is relatively compact, and does not require a large space, making it easier to arrange in electronic devices where space is increasingly limited.

[0131] In some embodiments, the length L of the first metal connector 230 , the length L1 of the first radiator 210 , and the length L2 of the second radiator 220 may satisfy: L≦( L1 + L2 ) / 4.

[0132] In some embodiments, the length L of the first metal connector 230 , the length L1 of the first radiator 210 , and the length L2 of the second radiator 220 may satisfy: (L1+L2) / 16≤L≤(L1+L2) / 5.

[0133] In some embodiments, the antenna 200 can generate a first resonance and a second resonance, and the resonant frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance.

[0134] In some embodiments, the first resonance and the second resonance are close to each other and form a resonance together to expand the operating bandwidth of the antenna 200 .

[0135] It should be understood that the first resonance and the second resonance together form one resonance, which can be understood as that, in the S parameter diagram, the S curve between the resonance point of the first resonance and the resonance point of the second resonance is less than or equal to a threshold value (eg, -4 dB).

[0136] In some embodiments, the resonance frequency band formed by the first resonance and the second resonance may include the first frequency band. The operating frequency band of the antenna 200 includes the first frequency band.

[0137] In some embodiments, the first frequency band may include at least part of a middle band (MB) (1710 MHz-2170 MHz) in long term evolution (LTE) technology, and at least part of a high band (HB) (2300 MHz-2690 MHz), for example, B1 (1920 MHz-1980 MHz), B3 (1710 MHz-1785 MHz), and B7 (2500 MHz-2570 MHz) in LTE.

[0138] It should be understood that the first frequency band may also include other frequency bands, for example, N77, N78 or N79 in 5G. The embodiment of the present application does not limit this, and the communication frequency bands included in the first frequency band can be determined based on actual production or design.

[0139] In some embodiments, the electrical length Le of the first metal connector 230 can be less than or equal to one-quarter of the first wavelength and greater than or equal to one-sixteenth of the first wavelength. The first wavelength can be understood as the wavelength corresponding to the second resonance. The wavelength corresponding to the second resonance can be understood as the wavelength of the medium corresponding to the center frequency of the target frequency band corresponding to the second resonance, or the wavelength of the medium corresponding to the resonance point of the second resonance.

[0140] It should be understood that since the medium wavelength and the vacuum wavelength have a certain conversion relationship, the above-mentioned medium wavelength can be converted by the vacuum wavelength. For the sake of brevity of discussion, the embodiments of the present application will not go into details one by one.

[0141] In some embodiments, the electrical length of the first metal connector 230 can be less than or equal to one-tenth of the first wavelength and greater than or equal to one-sixteenth of the first wavelength. It should be understood that the length of the first metal connector 230 can be further reduced based on the spatial layout within the electronic device without significantly affecting the radiation performance of the antenna 200.

[0142] In an embodiment of the present application, the length of the first metal connector 230 can be understood as the total length of the first metal connector 230. For example, when the first metal connector 230 is in a broken line shape, the length of the first metal connector 230 can be the sum of the lengths of each bent part.

[0143] In some embodiments, the first metal connector 230 may also be integrally formed with the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220. When the first metal connector 230 is integrally formed with the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220, no lumped electronic components (e.g., packaged electronic components) are disposed between the first metal connector 230 and the first radiator 210 or the second radiator 220, and distributed electronic components may be disposed in an integrally formed manner.

[0144] In some embodiments, the antenna 200 may further include a feeding circuit 240. In some embodiments, the first radiator 210 includes a feeding point 221, and the feeding circuit 240 is coupled to the feeding point 221.

[0145] It should be understood that the feed point 221 can also be set on the first metal connector 230. Compared to setting the feed point 221 on the first metal connector 230, when the feed point 221 is set on the first radiator 210, the conductor loss and dielectric loss of the antenna 200 when resonance occurs are smaller, which can better improve the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna 200, and make the antenna 200 have a wider efficiency bandwidth.

[0146] In some embodiments, the distance D1 between the feeding point 221 and the first connection point 211 (the length of the first radiator 210 ) and the length L1 of the first radiator 210 satisfy: L1×10%≤D1≤L1×25%.

[0147] In some embodiments, the distance D1 between the feeding point 221 and the first connection point 211 (the length of the first radiator 210 ) is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0148] It should be understood that the feeding point 221 and the first connection point 211 are arranged at intervals, which can enable the antenna 200 to have better radiation characteristics.

[0149] In some embodiments, the length L1 of the first radiator 210 and the length L2 of the second radiator 220 satisfy: L2×90%≤L1≤L2×120%. In some embodiments, L2×95%≤L1≤L2×110%.

[0150] It should be understood that the length L1 of the first radiator 210, the length L2 of the second radiator 220, the positions of the first connection point 211 and the feeding point 221 on the first radiator 210, and the position of the second connection point 212 on the second radiator 220 can determine the impedance of the antenna 200 at the feeding point 221, which can be used to adjust the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200 (for example, working bandwidth, radiation efficiency, system efficiency, etc.).

[0151] Furthermore, the relative position between the first connection point 211 and the feeding point 221 (the distance D1 between the feeding point 221 and the first connection point 211 (the length of the first radiator 210)) can be used to adjust the degree of excitation (for example, current or electric field distribution) on the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 when the antenna 200 resonates.

[0152] At the same time, the length L1 of the first radiator 210 is substantially the same as the length L2 of the second radiator 220 , which improves the symmetry of the antenna 200 and enables the antenna 200 to have better radiation characteristics.

[0153] In some embodiments, the antenna 200 may further include a first electronic component 241 . The first electronic component 241 is coupled between the first end of the first metal connector 230 and the first connection point 211 .

[0154] In some embodiments, the first electronic component 241 may be inductive, for example, an inductor, or an element equivalent to an inductor. In some embodiments, the inductance value (equivalent inductance value) of the first electronic component 241 may be less than or equal to 10 nH.

[0155] In some embodiments, the first electronic component 241 may be a resistor of 0Ω.

[0156] In some embodiments, the antenna 200 may further include a second electronic component 242 . The second electronic component 242 is coupled between the second end of the first metal connector 230 and the second connection point 212 .

[0157] In some embodiments, the second electronic component 242 can be capacitive, for example, a capacitor, or a component equivalent to a capacitor. In some embodiments, the capacitance value (equivalent capacitance value) of the second electronic component 242 can be greater than or equal to 1 pF and less than or equal to 3 pF.

[0158] It should be understood that the first electronic component 241 and / or the second electronic component 242 can be used to determine the impedance between the first connection point 211 of the first radiator 210 and / or the second connection point 212 of the second radiator 220 and the first metal connector 230 to match the first radiator 210 and / or the second radiator 220. The first electronic component 241 and / or the second electronic component 242 can be used to increase the degree of freedom in adjusting the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200.

[0159] In some embodiments, the first end of the first radiator 210 and the first end of the second radiator 220 are opposite to each other and do not contact each other.

[0160] In some embodiments, the first end of the first radiator 210 is grounded, and the second end is open. The first end of the second radiator 220 is open, and the second end is grounded.

[0161] In some embodiments, the first end of the first radiator 210 includes a first grounding point 231, and the first radiator 210 is coupled to the floor at the first grounding point 231, as shown in Figure 2. The second end of the second radiator 220 includes a second grounding point 232, and the second radiator 220 is coupled to the floor at the second grounding point 232.

[0162] As shown in FIG. 3 , in some embodiments, the first grounding point 231 may be disposed on the first metal connector 230 , and the first end of the first radiator 210 is coupled to the floor through the first metal connector 230 .

[0163] In some embodiments, the distance between the first connection point 211 and the end of the first end of the first radiator 210 (the length of the first radiator 210) is less than or equal to 5 mm. In some embodiments, the distance between the first connection point 211 and the first grounding point 231 (the length of the first metal connector 230) is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0164] In some embodiments, at the first resonance point of the first resonance, the current on the first radiator 210 and the current on the second radiator 220 are in opposite directions. At the second resonance point of the second resonance, the current on the first radiator 210 and the current on the second radiator 220 are in the same direction.

[0165] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the current characteristic (same direction or opposite direction) can be understood as the current characteristic presented by the main current (current intensity exceeding 50%) within the frequency band. Moreover, as the frequency approaches the resonance point, the intensity proportion of the current presenting this characteristic increases.

[0166] As shown in FIG4 , in some embodiments, the first end of the first radiator 210 is grounded, and the second end is open. The first end of the second radiator 220 is grounded, and the second end is open.

[0167] In some embodiments, the first end of the first radiator 210 includes a first grounding point 231, and the first radiator 210 is coupled to the floor via the first grounding point 231. The first end of the second radiator 220 includes a second grounding point 232, and the second radiator 220 is coupled to the floor via the second grounding point 232.

[0168] In some embodiments, the first grounding point 231 and / or the second grounding point 232 may be provided at the first metal connector 230 , and the first end of the first radiator 210 and / or the first end of the second radiator 220 may be coupled to the floor through the first metal connector 230 .

[0169] In some embodiments, the distance between the first connection point 211 and the end of the first end of the first radiator 210 (the length of the first radiator 210 between the first connection point 211 and the end of the first end of the first radiator 210) is less than or equal to 5 mm. The distance between the second connection point 212 and the end of the first end of the second radiator 220 (the length of the second radiator 220 between the second connection point 212 and the end of the first end of the second radiator 220) is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0170] In some embodiments, the distance between the first connection point 211 and the first grounding point 231 (the length of the first metal connector 230 between the first connection point 211 and the first grounding point 231) is less than or equal to 5 mm. The distance between the second connection point 212 and the second grounding point 232 (the length of the first metal connector 230 between the second connection point 212 and the second grounding point 232) is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0171] In some embodiments, at the first resonance point of the first resonance, the current on the first radiator 210 and the current on the second radiator 220 are in opposite directions. At the second resonance point of the second resonance, the current on the first radiator 210 and the current on the second radiator 220 are in the same direction.

[0172] As shown in FIG5 , in some embodiments, the first end of the first radiator 210 is an open end and the second end is a ground end. The first end of the second radiator 220 is an open end and the second end is a ground end.

[0173] In some embodiments, the second end of the first radiator 210 includes a first grounding point 231, and the first radiator 210 is coupled to the floor at the first grounding point 231. The second end of the second radiator 220 includes a second grounding point 232, and the second radiator 220 is coupled to the floor at the second grounding point 232.

[0174] In some embodiments, at a first resonance point of the first resonance, the current on the first radiator 210 and the current on the second radiator 220 are in the same direction. At a second resonance point of the second resonance, the current on the first radiator 210 and the current on the second radiator 220 are in opposite directions.

[0175] As shown in FIG. 6 , in some embodiments, the electronic device 10 may further include a PCB 17 and a back cover 21 .

[0176] In some embodiments, the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220, and the first metal connector 230 may be disposed between the PCB 17 and the back cover 21. In some embodiments, the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220, and the first metal connector 230 may be disposed on a surface of the back cover 21 (e.g., a surface of the back cover 21 facing the PCB 17).

[0177] In some embodiments, the first radiator 210 , the second radiator 220 , and the first metal connector 230 may be disposed on a surface of the PCB 17 (eg, a surface of the PCB 17 facing the back cover 21 ).

[0178] In some embodiments, a shielding cover 15 may be provided on the surface of the PCB 17. The shielding cover 15 may be used to reduce mutual interference between electronic components disposed within the shielding cover 15 and radiators (eg, the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220).

[0179] In some embodiments, the electronic device 10 may further include a bracket 250, as shown in Figure 7. The first radiator 210, the second radiator 220, and the first metal connector 230 may be disposed on a surface of the bracket 250 (the surface facing the PCB 17 or the surface facing the back cover 21).

[0180] In some embodiments, the antenna 200 may further include a spring 201, as shown in FIG8. The spring 201 may be used to couple with a feeding point or a grounding point provided on the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220, or the first metal connector 230.

[0181] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another antenna 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0182] 9 , the antenna 200 may further include a third radiator 310 . In some embodiments, the first radiator 210 is disposed between the third radiator 310 and the second radiator 220 .

[0183] It should be understood that the antenna 200 shown in FIG9 differs from the antenna 200 shown in FIG2 through FIG5 only in the third radiator 310. In the antenna 200 shown in FIG2 through FIG5 , when the feed circuit 240 feeds an RF signal, the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 generate a first resonance and a second resonance. However, in the antenna 200 shown in FIG9 , the third radiator 310 is included, allowing the third radiator 310 to generate a third resonance in addition to the first and second resonances.

[0184] In some embodiments, the third resonance may be understood as a parasitic resonance.

[0185] In some embodiments, the first resonance, the second resonance, and the third resonance are close to each other and together form one resonance to expand the operating bandwidth of the antenna 200. In some embodiments, the resonance point frequency of the third resonance is higher than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.

[0186] In some embodiments, the resonance frequency band formed by the first resonance and the second resonance may include the first frequency band. The operating frequency band of the antenna 200 includes the first frequency band.

[0187] In some embodiments, the first end of the third radiator 310 is an open end, the second end is a ground end, and the first end is an end close to the first radiator 210 .

[0188] For the sake of simplicity, the parts of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 9 that are similar to the antenna 200 shown in Figures 2 to 5 will not be described one by one. For example, the similar parts include: the positions of the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220, and the first metal connector 230; the length ratio relationship between the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220, and the first metal connector 230; the communication frequency band included in the first frequency band; the position of the feeding point 221; the position of the grounding point; the positions of the first connection point 211 and the second connection point 212; and so on.

[0189] Figures 10 and 11 are simulation results of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 9. Figure 10 is the S-parameter simulation result of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 9. Figure 11 is the simulation result of the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 10.

[0190] As shown in FIG10 , the antenna 200 can resonate near 1.7 GHz, 2.1 GHz, and 2.6 GHz. The resonance near 1.7 GHz may correspond to the first resonance in the above embodiment, the resonance near 2.1 GHz may correspond to the second resonance in the above embodiment, and the resonance near 2.6 GHz may correspond to the third resonance in the above embodiment.

[0191] With S11<-4dB as the limit, the resonance frequency band formed by the first resonance, the second resonance and the third resonance has a wider bandwidth, which can include the medium frequency (1710MHz-2170MHz) band in LTE and the high frequency (2300MHz-2690MHz) band.

[0192] As shown in FIG11 , the antenna 200 has good radiation efficiency and system efficiency within the above-mentioned resonant frequency band.

[0193] The SAR value of the antenna 200 in the electronic device shown in FIG. 9 may be shown in Table 1 below.

[0194] Table 1

[0195] The back (5mm) area is defined as the area 5mm from the back (back cover) of the electronic device. The front (5mm) area is defined as the area 5mm from the front (display) of the electronic device. The side (5mm) area is defined as the area 5mm from the side (border near the radiator) of the electronic device.

[0196] As shown in Table 1, by adopting the antenna layout scheme shown in the embodiment of the present application, the SAR values ​​on the back, front and side of the electronic device are low, and the antenna also has low SAR characteristics.

[0197] Figures 12 to 14 are schematic diagrams of current distribution in the antenna 200 of the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 9. Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of current distribution in the antenna 200 of the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 9 at the first resonance point. Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of current distribution in the antenna 200 of the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 9 at the second resonance point. Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of current distribution in the antenna 200 of the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 9 at the third resonance point.

[0198] As shown in FIG. 12 , at the resonance point of the first resonance (1.71 GHz), the current on the first radiator 210 and the current on the second radiator 220 are in opposite directions, and the current on the second radiator 220 and the current on the third radiator 310 are in the same direction.

[0199] As shown in FIG. 13 , at the second resonance point (2.16 GHz), the current on the first radiator 210 and the current on the second radiator 220 are in the same direction, and the current on the second radiator 220 and the current on the third radiator 310 are in the same direction.

[0200] As shown in FIG. 14 , at the third resonance point (2.67 GHz), the current on the first radiator 210 and the current on the second radiator 220 are in opposite directions, and the current on the second radiator 220 and the current on the third radiator 310 are in the same direction.

[0201] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of another antenna 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0202] As shown in FIG15 , the antenna 200 may further include a third electronic component 243. The third electronic component 243 is coupled between the first radiator 210 and the third radiator 310 and may be used to adjust the coupling between the first radiator 210 and the third radiator 310, thereby adjusting the radiation characteristics of the third resonance (e.g., the resonance point frequency).

[0203] It should be understood that the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 15 differs from the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 9 only in the third electronic component 243 .

[0204] In some embodiments, the feeding point 221 may also be disposed on the third radiator 310 .

[0205] It should be understood that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the position of the feeding point 221. The feeding point 221 can be set on any branch of the antenna 200 (for example, the radiator and the metal connector), and will not be described in detail.

[0206] In some embodiments, any one or more of the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220, or the third radiator 310 may further be provided with an insulating gap 311, as shown in Figure 16. Correspondingly, electronic components may be coupled between the radiators on both sides of the insulating gap.

[0207] It should be understood that in the antenna 200 shown in Figure 16, the electronic components coupled on both sides of the insulating gap can be used to adjust the radiation characteristics of the radiator, for example, to increase the radiation aperture of the radiator to further improve the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200 (for example, radiation efficiency).

[0208] In some embodiments, the antenna 200 may further include a second metal connector 320, as shown in FIG17 . The first radiator 210 includes a third connection point 213, and the third radiator 310 includes a fourth connection point 214. A first end of the second metal connector 320 is coupled to the third connection point 213, and a second end of the second metal connector 320 is coupled to the fourth connection point 214.

[0209] In some embodiments, the first radiator 210 , the second radiator 220 , and the third radiator 310 may be configured to generate a first resonance, a second resonance, and a third resonance, which may together form a single resonance to extend the bandwidth of the antenna 200 .

[0210] In some embodiments, the antenna 200 may further include a fourth electronic component 244 and / or a fifth electronic component 245. The fourth electronic component 244 is coupled between the first end of the second metal connector 320 and the third connection point 213. The fifth electronic component 245 is coupled between the second end of the second metal connector 320 and the fourth connection point 214.

[0211] It should be understood that the fourth electronic component 244 and / or the fifth electronic component 245 can be used to determine the impedance between the third connection point 213 of the first radiator 210 and / or the fourth connection point 214 of the third radiator 310 and the second metal connection member 320 to match the first radiator 210 and / or the third radiator 310. The fourth electronic component 244 and / or the fifth electronic component 245 can be used to increase the degree of freedom in adjusting the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200.

[0212] In some embodiments, the feeding point 221 may also be disposed on the second metal connection member 320 .

[0213] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A printed circuit board (PCB) and a back cover, wherein the PCB and the back cover are arranged facing each other; An antenna comprising: a first radiator, a second radiator, and a first metal connector, wherein the first radiator, the second radiator, and the first metal connector are disposed between the PCB and the back cover; The first radiator includes a first connection point, the second radiator includes a second connection point, the first end of the first metal connector is coupled to the first connection point, and the second end of the first metal connector is coupled to the second connection point; The length L of the first metal connector, the length L1 of the first radiator, and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfy the following: (L1+L2) / 16≤L≤(L1+L2) / 2.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein The electronic device further comprises a floor; The first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator are opposite to each other and do not contact each other; The first end of the first radiator or the first metal member includes a first grounding point, the first radiator or the first metal member is coupled to the floor at the first grounding point, and the second end of the first radiator is an open end; The first end of the second radiator is an open end, the second end of the second radiator includes a second grounding point, and the second radiator is coupled to the floor at the second grounding point.

3. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The first metal member includes a first grounding point, and a length of the first metal member between the first connection point and the first grounding point is less than or equal to 5 mm.

4. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: The electronic device further comprises a floor; The first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator are opposite to each other and do not contact each other; The first end of the first radiator or the first metal member includes a first grounding point, the first radiator or the first metal member is coupled to the floor at the first grounding point, and the second end of the first radiator is an open end; The first end of the second radiator or the first metal member includes a second grounding point. The second end of the second radiator or the first metal member is an open end. The second radiator is coupled to the floor at the second grounding point.

5. The electronic device according to claim 4, characterized in that The first metal member includes a first grounding point, a length of the first metal member between the first connection point and the first grounding point is less than or equal to 5 mm, and / or, The first metal member includes a second grounding point, and a length of the first metal member between the second connection point and the second grounding point is less than or equal to 5 mm.

6. The electronic device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The first radiator and the second radiator are used to generate a first resonance and a second resonance, and the frequency of the first resonance is lower than the frequency of the second resonance; At a first resonance point of the first resonance, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are in opposite directions; At the second resonance point of the second resonance, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator have the same direction.

7. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein: The electronic device further comprises a floor; The first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator are opposite to each other and do not contact each other; The first end of the first radiator is an open end, the second end of the first radiator includes a first grounding point, and the first radiator is coupled to the floor at the first grounding point; The first end of the second radiator is an open end, the second end of the second radiator includes a second grounding point, and the second radiator is coupled to the floor at the second grounding point.

8. The electronic device according to claim 7, wherein: The first radiator and the second radiator are used to generate a first resonance and a second resonance, and the frequency of the first resonance is lower than the frequency of the second resonance; At a first resonance point of the first resonance, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator have the same direction; At the second resonance point of the second resonance, the current on the first radiator and the current on the second radiator are in opposite directions.

9. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The electronic device further includes a feeding circuit, the first radiator includes a feeding point, and the feeding circuit is coupled to the feeding point.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that A first radiator length D1 between the feeding point and the first connection point is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.

11. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The antenna further includes a first electronic component; The first electronic component is coupled between the first end of the first metal connecting member and the first connection point.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The antenna further includes a second electronic component; The second electronic component is coupled between the second end of the first metal connecting member and the second connection point.

13. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The length L1 of the first radiator and the length L2 of the second radiator satisfy the following: L2×90%≤L1≤L2×120%.

14. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The antenna further includes a third radiator; The first radiator is arranged between the third radiator and the second radiator, and the third radiator is used to generate a third resonance.

15. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that The first radiator and the second radiator are used to generate a first resonance and a second resonance; The first resonance, the second resonance, and the third resonance together form at least one operating frequency band of the antenna.

16. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The second metal connector and the third radiator of the antenna; The second radiator includes a third connection point, and the third radiator includes a fourth connection point; The first end of the second metal connector is coupled to the third connection point, and the second end of the second metal connector is coupled to the fourth connection point.

17. The electronic device according to claim 16, wherein: The first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator are used to generate a first resonance, a second resonance and a third resonance; The first resonance, the second resonance, and the third resonance together form at least one operating frequency band of the antenna.

18. The electronic device according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that: The length L1 of the first radiator and the length L3 of the third radiator satisfy the following: L3×90%≤L1≤L3×120%.

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