Battery module, and battery pack and vehicle including same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery module comprising: a cell assembly comprising a plurality of battery cells; module terminals electrically connected to the plurality of battery cells and disposed on at least one side among the six sides of the cell assembly; and a module frame housing the cell assembly, and provided with a first frame covering some of the sides of the cell assembly including the side on which the module terminals are disposed, and a second frame covering the remaining sides of the cell assembly.

Description

Battery modules, battery packs containing the same, and vehicles

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery module, a battery pack including the same, and a vehicle.

[0002] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0033429, filed on March 8, 2024, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of the said application are incorporated by reference into this application.

[0003] Secondary batteries, which boast high electrical properties such as high energy density and easy applicability across a wide range of product categories, are widely used not only in portable devices but also in electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) powered by electrical power sources. These batteries are attracting attention as a new energy source for environmental friendliness and energy efficiency, not only because they can dramatically reduce fossil fuel use, but also because they produce no byproducts from energy use.

[0004] Commonly used secondary battery types today include lithium-ion batteries, lithium polymer batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and nickel-zinc batteries. When high output voltage is required, multiple battery cells are connected in series to form a battery module or battery pack. Furthermore, to increase charge / discharge capacity, multiple battery cells are connected in parallel to form a battery module or battery pack.

[0005] When configuring a battery pack by connecting multiple battery cells in series / parallel, it is common to first configure a battery module including at least one battery cell, and then configure a battery pack or battery rack by adding other components using this at least one battery module.

[0006] In conventional battery modules, the module frame consists of various components, including a frame body with open front and rear ends, a top plate, and end plates that are attached to the front and rear of the frame body. When a module frame is composed of multiple components, multiple plates must be manufactured separately and multiple welding processes must be performed to connect them, resulting in reduced productivity.

[0007] Additionally, since welds are formed in multiple locations, if an event such as thermal runaway occurs in one battery cell, the pressure inside the module frame may increase due to high-temperature venting gas or flame, which may cause the module frame to be damaged.

[0008] Moreover, if a weld is broken, external oxygen can enter the module frame, potentially amplifying flames within the battery module. This can lead to a fire or explosion in the battery module or battery pack. Such fires or explosions in battery modules or battery packs can cause not only property damage but also human casualties. For example, a fire or explosion in an electric vehicle battery pack could pose a threat to the safety of users, such as the driver.

[0009] Accordingly, the present invention has been created to solve the above problems, and aims to provide a battery module, a battery pack, and an automobile including the same, which can improve productivity by minimizing the parts of the module frame of the battery module and ensure safety by stably maintaining the combined state of the module frame.

[0010] However, the problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the problems described above, and other problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the invention described below.

[0011] In order to solve the above problem, a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a cell assembly including a plurality of battery cells; a module terminal electrically connected to the plurality of battery cells and disposed on at least one side of six sides of the cell assembly; and a module frame configured to receive the cell assembly, the module frame including a first frame configured to cover a portion of the side of the cell assembly including the side of the cell assembly on which the module terminal is disposed, and a second frame configured to cover the remaining portion of the side of the cell assembly.

[0012] The first frame may be configured to cover the front, rear, and lower surfaces of the cell assembly, and the second frame may be configured to cover the upper surface, left surface, and right surface of the cell assembly.

[0013] The above first frame may be configured in an integrated form to cover the front, rear, and lower surfaces of the cell assembly.

[0014] The second frame may be configured in an integrated form to cover the upper surface, left surface, and right surface of the cell assembly.

[0015] At least one of the first frame and the second frame may be configured in a folded form to cover different sides of the cell assembly.

[0016] At least one of the first frame and the second frame may be configured in a U-shape with three open sides.

[0017] The second frame may be formed with a venting hole configured to allow venting gas generated from the battery cell to be discharged to the outside.

[0018] The above venting hole may be provided at the upper portion of the cell assembly.

[0019] The module frame may further include a frame cover configured to at least partially cover the module frame.

[0020] The above frame cover may have a cover hole formed at a position corresponding to the venting hole.

[0021] The above frame cover covers the cover hole and may include a cover member configured to open and close the cover hole by venting gas.

[0022] The above first frame may be configured in a form in which at least a portion is open on the side where the module terminal is located.

[0023] The first frame may have a protrusion configured to protrude upward at least partially from the side where the module terminal is located and contact the second frame.

[0024] The above first frame can be configured in a form in which the front and rear are rotationally symmetrical.

[0025] The above first frame may be configured in a form in which at least a portion thereof is open on the side opposite to the side where the module terminal is located.

[0026] A welded portion may be formed at the open ends where the first frame and the second frame face each other.

[0027] In addition, the present invention provides a battery pack characterized by including a battery module according to the present invention.

[0028] And, the present invention provides an automobile characterized by including a battery module according to the present invention.

[0029] According to one aspect of the present invention, by minimizing the number of module frame components and covering all surfaces of the cell assembly, manufacturing costs and time can be reduced in manufacturing battery modules. This can improve productivity and enhance management convenience.

[0030] Furthermore, according to another aspect of the present invention, even if shock or vibration occurs in the battery module, the module frame can be stably maintained in a bonded state without being damaged or broken. This ensures the structural stability of the battery module.

[0031] Accordingly, according to the above aspect of the present invention, even if a thermal event such as venting gas or flame occurs in the battery module, the propagation of thermal runaway between battery modules can be effectively prevented by minimizing the leakage of venting gas or flame to the outside through damaged or broken portions of the module frame.

[0032] In particular, according to the above aspect of the present invention, even if a thermal event such as venting gas or flame occurs in the battery module and one of the multiple module frame parts separates from the cell assembly, the other part can maintain covering a portion of the cell assembly, particularly the portion having the module terminals. This ensures the safety and reliability of the battery module.

[0033] Moreover, according to the above aspect of the present invention, in a battery module, it is possible to effectively prevent fire from spreading due to oxygen or the like entering through a damaged or broken portion of the module frame.

[0034] In addition, the present invention may have various other effects, which will be described in each embodiment configuration, or the description of effects that can be easily inferred by those skilled in the art will be omitted.

[0035] The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and together with the detailed description of the invention described below, serve to further understand the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and therefore, the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited to matters described in such drawings.

[0036] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention. For example, Fig. 3 may be a drawing illustrating cross-section I-I' of Fig. 1.

[0039] FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a module frame of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] FIG. 5 is a drawing showing a frame cover applied to a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of a portion of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view of the lower side of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 8 is a front side elevational view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a first frame of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 10 is a front view of the rear side of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a first frame of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 12 is a front side elevational view of a battery module according to another embodiment.

[0048] FIG. 13 is a rear perspective view of a battery module with a frame cover applied according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] FIG. 14 is a drawing for explaining that a portion of a frame cover is opened when a thermal event occurs in a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Fig. 15 is a drawing showing a welded portion of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] FIG. 16 is a drawing showing a module frame of a battery module separated according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a joint portion of a module frame of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 18 is a schematic perspective view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 19 is a schematic perspective view of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Prior to this, it should be noted that the terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be construed as limited to their conventional or dictionary meanings. Based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concepts of terms to best explain his or her invention, they should be interpreted in a way that aligns with the technical spirit of the present invention.

[0056] Accordingly, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that there may be various equivalents and modified examples that can replace them at the time of filing this application.

[0057] Furthermore, the present invention includes various embodiments. For each embodiment, redundant descriptions of substantially identical or similar components will be omitted, and the differences will be described.

[0058] Meanwhile, in the present invention, terms indicating directions such as up, down, left, right, front, and back may be used, but it is obvious to those skilled in the art that these terms are only for convenience of explanation and may vary depending on the location of the target object or the location of the observer.

[0059] For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the X-axis direction shown in the drawing may mean the left-right direction, the Y-axis direction may mean the front-back direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the horizontal plane (XY plane), and the Z-axis direction may mean the up-down direction (vertical direction) perpendicular to both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, i.e., the height direction of the battery cell.

[0060]

[0061] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention. In addition, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention. For example, FIG. 3 may be a drawing showing a cross-section taken along line I-I' of FIG. 1. In addition, FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a module frame of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, a battery module (10) according to the present invention includes a cell assembly (100), a module terminal (200), and a module frame (300).

[0063] A cell assembly (100) may include one or more battery cells (110), particularly a plurality of battery cells (110). Here, each battery cell (110) may refer to a single secondary battery or may refer to a battery group comprising multiple secondary batteries. In this specification, the description will be based on the assumption that a battery cell (110) represents a single secondary battery.

[0064] A plurality of battery cells (110) may include an electrode assembly, a cell case (111) that accommodates the electrode assembly, and an electrode lead (112) that is connected to the electrode assembly and extends outward from the cell case (111) to function as an electrode terminal.

[0065] At this time, the shape of the cell case (111) can be configured in various ways, and depending on the shape of the cell case (111), the battery cell (110) can be classified into a pouch-type cell, a cylindrical cell, a square cell, etc. Since the types of these battery cells (110) were widely known at the time of filing of the present invention, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. Although the drawings of the present specification illustrate a pouch-type battery cell, the present invention is applicable to all types of secondary batteries known at the time of filing of the present invention, and is not limited to a specific type of secondary battery.

[0066] In the cell assembly (100), a plurality of battery cells (110) may be configured in a form in which they are stacked in one direction. For example, a plurality of battery cells (110) may be stacked in a form in which they are arranged in a parallel manner in the left-right direction (±X-axis direction). Such a cell assembly (100) may include six side surfaces. That is, the cell assembly (100) may be configured in a hexahedral shape.

[0067] In addition, a plurality of battery cells (110) provided in the cell assembly (100) can be electrically connected to each other in series and / or in parallel through a bus bar (520) or the like, which will be described later.

[0068] Meanwhile, the module terminal (200) may be configured to be electrically connected to the electrode lead (112) of the battery cell (110). The module terminal (200) may include a positive terminal and a negative terminal. In addition, the module terminal (200) may be configured to be electrically or communicatively connected to a control device such as a BMS.

[0069] The module terminal (200) may be arranged on at least one of the six sides of the cell assembly (100). For example, the module terminal (200) may be provided on the side from which the electrode lead (112) of the battery cell (110) is drawn out. For example, the electrode lead (112) of the battery cell (110) is drawn out in the front-back direction, and the module terminal (200) may be provided on the front side of the cell assembly (100).

[0070] Meanwhile, the module frame (300) may be configured to accommodate the cell assembly (100). Specifically, the module frame (300) may be configured to have a receiving space formed therein, and the cell assembly (100) may be accommodated in the receiving space. For example, the module frame (300) may be configured to have a rectangular parallelepiped shape formed by combining multiple parts. Accordingly, the module frame (300) may be configured to cover six sides of the cell assembly (100). The module frame (300) may be at least partially composed of metal and / or plastic materials.

[0071] More specifically, referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, the module frame (300) may include a first frame (310) and a second frame (320). The first frame (310) and the second frame (320) are coupled to each other to form the exterior of the module frame (300) and may accommodate a cell assembly (100) therein. At this time, various fastening methods such as welding, bonding, bolting, and hooking may be used to secure the coupling between the first frame (310) and the second frame (320).

[0072] The first frame (310) and the second frame (320) may be configured to partially cover six sides of the cell assembly (100). When the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) are mutually coupled, the first frame (310) may be configured to cover some of the sides of the cell assembly (100), and the second frame (320) may be coupled to the first frame (310) to cover some of the remaining sides.

[0073] In particular, the first frame (310) may be configured to cover the side of the cell assembly (100) on which the module terminal (200) is arranged. As an example, when the module terminal (200) is arranged on the front side of the cell assembly (100), the first frame (310) may be configured to cover the front surface of the cell assembly (100).

[0074] For example, as in the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, the first frame (310) may be configured to cover three sides of the cell assembly (100), including the front side of the cell assembly (100), and the second frame (320) may be configured to cover the remaining three sides of the cell assembly (100).

[0075] That is, the battery module (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention can be configured to cover six sides of the cell assembly (100) using only the first frame (310) and the second frame (320).

[0076] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the module frame (300) can be formed using only two parts, a first frame (310) and a second frame (320), to cover all surfaces of the cell assembly (100). Accordingly, by minimizing the number of parts of the module frame (300), the manufacturing cost and time, etc., in manufacturing the battery module (10) can be reduced. Accordingly, productivity can be improved and convenience of management can be enhanced.

[0077] In addition, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, since the joint area of ​​various parts of the module frame (300) is minimized, even if an impact or vibration occurs to the battery module (10), the module frame (300) can be prevented from being damaged or broken. As a result, the structural stability of the battery module (10) can be secured.

[0078] In particular, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, even if a thermal event such as venting gas or flame occurs in the battery module (10), the coupled state of the module frame (300) can be stably maintained. Accordingly, the module frame (300) can be prevented from being separated and venting gas or flames from leaking to the outside. In addition, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to effectively prevent the spread of fire by oxygen or the like entering the interior through damaged or broken portions of the module frame (300). As a result, the safety of the battery module can be ensured.

[0079]

[0080] As a more specific example, referring primarily to FIGS. 1 and 4, the first frame (310) may be configured to cover the front, rear, and lower surfaces of the cell assembly (100). Additionally, the second frame (320) may be configured to cover the upper surface, left surface, and right surface of the cell assembly (100).

[0081] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the front and rear surfaces of the cell assembly (100) can be completely covered by the first frame (310). Accordingly, when a thermal event occurs in the battery module (10), venting gas or flames can be minimized from flowing toward the adjacent battery module (10) through the front and rear surfaces of the module frame (300).

[0082] In particular, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, since the first frame (310) covers the front of the cell assembly (100) equipped with the module terminal (200), damage to the module terminal (200) due to heat such as venting gas or flame when a thermal event occurs in another battery module (10) can be minimized. Therefore, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the safety of the battery module (10) can be more effectively secured.

[0083] In this case, the first frame (310) may be configured in an integrated form to cover the front, rear, and lower surfaces of the cell assembly (100). In addition, the second frame (320) may be configured in an integrated form to cover the upper surface, left surface, and right surface of the cell assembly (100).

[0084] That is, at least one of the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) may be configured in a folded form to cover different sides of the cell assembly (100). The first frame (310) may be configured in a folded form to cover the front, rear, and lower surfaces of the cell assembly (100). At this time, the folded portion of the first frame (310) may be arranged along the front-back direction. In addition, the second frame (320) may be configured in a folded form to cover the upper surface, the left surface, and the right surface of the cell assembly (100). At this time, the folded portion of the second frame (320) may be arranged along the left-right direction.

[0085] As a more specific example, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, at least one of the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) may be configured in a U-shape with three open sides. The first frame (310) and the second frame (320) may be configured to have three corners at each of the open ends. For example, the first frame (310) located at the bottom may be configured in an approximately U-shape when viewed from the left and right. Similarly, the second frame (320) may be configured in an approximately n-shape when viewed from the front and rear.

[0086] Meanwhile, in this case, the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) may be configured to be mutually coupled along the vertical direction (±Z-axis direction). Accordingly, when the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) are coupled, the open ends of the first frame (310) and the second frame (220) may be configured to be interlocked with each other. That is, the three corners provided on the left and right sides of the first frame (310) and the three corners provided on the front and rear sides of the second frame (320) may be configured to face each other. Accordingly, the module frame (300) may be configured in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.

[0087] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the combined configuration of the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) can be implemented with only the simple shapes of the first frame (310) and the second frame (320). Accordingly, the assembling property between the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) can be improved.

[0088] In particular, the second frame (320) may be configured in a symmetrical shape in all directions. With this configuration, the second frame (320) can be combined with the first frame (310) to form a module frame (300) regardless of the direction in which it is rotated. Accordingly, productivity can be further improved when manufacturing the module frame (300).

[0089]

[0090] Meanwhile, the module frame (300) may have a venting hole (VH) formed on at least one side. This venting hole (VH) may be configured to discharge venting gas generated in the battery cell (110) to the outside of the module frame (300).

[0091] For example, the venting hole (VH) may be formed in a completely open form so as to penetrate the module frame (300) in the internal and external directions. However, the venting hole (VH) may not be completely open, but may be formed in a form that is closed under normal conditions and can be opened according to changes in pressure, temperature, etc.

[0092] A plurality of venting holes (VH) may be provided. The plurality of venting holes (VH) may be arranged along multiple columns and rows. Additionally, the venting holes (VH) may be formed in a shape that extends in one direction. For example, the venting holes (VH) may be formed in a shape that extends in the longitudinal direction of the battery cell (110).

[0093] According to this embodiment of the present invention, the pressure inside the battery module (10) increases due to the venting hole (VH), thereby preventing the battery module (10) from exploding. In addition, in this case, the direction of venting gas discharge can be induced.

[0094] In particular, a venting hole (VH) may be formed in the second frame (320). For example, such a venting hole (VH) may be formed on the upper surface of the module frame (300). That is, the venting hole (VH) may be provided on the upper portion of the cell assembly (100). Accordingly, venting gas, etc. inside the battery module (10) may be induced to be discharged upward.

[0095] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the second frame (320) in which the venting hole (VH) is formed and the first frame (310) covering the side of the cell assembly (100) provided with the module terminal (200) can be configured as separate parts. Therefore, even if the second frame (320) is separated due to an upward force applied by the pressure of the venting gas or flame discharged through the venting hole (VH), the first frame (310) can be maintained to cover the module terminal (200) side. Thus, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the safety of the battery module (10) can be ensured.

[0096] In particular, referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, when the battery cell (110) is provided as a pouch-type battery cell, the cell case (111) may be provided with a receiving portion (111a) and a sealing portion (111b). The receiving portion (111a) may be configured to receive an electrode assembly, and the sealing portion (111b) may be configured such that the outer edge of the receiving portion (111a) is heat-sealed and sealed. For example, one cell case (111) may be folded in the middle to receive an electrode assembly therebetween, and may include a receiving portion (111a) receiving the electrode assembly, and a sealing portion (111b) in which three edges of the outer edge of the receiving portion (111a) are sealed.

[0097] Meanwhile, the electrode leads (112) may be provided as a pair, and the pair of electrode leads (112) may be extended from both ends of the battery cell (110), i.e., in the longitudinal direction. At this time, the pair of electrode leads (112) may be a positive lead and a negative lead. If necessary, the battery cell (110) may have a form in which the two electrode leads (112) are positioned only at one end in the longitudinal direction, for example, at the end in the +Y-axis direction.

[0098] At this time, the sealing portion (111b) may include a portion from which the electrode lead (112) is pulled out and a portion from which the electrode lead (112) is not pulled out. For example, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, the portion of the sealing portion (111a) from which the electrode lead (112) is pulled out may be provided on both sides along the front-back direction of the cell case (111), and the portion from which the electrode lead (112) is not pulled out may be provided at the top. That is, a plurality of battery cells (110) may be stacked face to face so that the electrode lead (112) is pulled out in the front-back direction and the sealing portion (111a) from which the electrode lead (112) is not pulled out faces upward.

[0099] At this time, the venting gas generated in the battery cell (110) can be vented to the outside through the sealing portion (111a) from which the electrode lead (112) is not withdrawn. As a result, the venting gas can be induced to vent upward. According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the venting gas vented upward from the battery cell (110) can be vented to the outside of the battery module (10) through the venting hole (VH) provided at the top.

[0100] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the venting direction of the battery cell (110) can be more effectively induced to face upward. Accordingly, when the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) are assembled in the front-back direction, even if a thermal event such as venting gas or flame occurs in the battery module (10), separation of the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) due to the pressure of the venting gas or flame can be minimized. Accordingly, the structural stability of the battery module (10) can be further secured.

[0101] In addition, referring to FIG. 2, the battery module (10) of the present invention may further include a busbar frame assembly (500). The busbar frame assembly (500) may be provided inside the module frame (300) and configured to cover at least one side of the plurality of battery cells (110). The busbar frame assembly (500) may be positioned on the side from which the electrode leads (112) of the battery cells (110) are drawn out. For example, the busbar frame assembly (500) may be coupled to the front and rear of the plurality of battery cells (110).

[0102] A busbar frame assembly (500) may include a busbar frame (510) and a plurality of busbars (520). The busbar frame (510) may be arranged to be connected to the front and rear of a plurality of battery cells (110). The busbar frame (510) may have slits through which electrode leads of the battery cells (110) can be drawn out in the front-back direction.

[0103] Additionally, the busbar frame (510) may be formed of a material having electrical insulation properties, such as a plastic material, and may be configured to allow a busbar (520) to be attached to the outer surface.

[0104] Meanwhile, a plurality of bus bars (520) may be made of a metal material such as copper, aluminum, nickel, etc., and may be provided in the shape of a bar as a means for connecting battery cells (110) in series and / or in parallel.

[0105] The electrode leads (112) of the battery cells (110) pass through the slits of the busbar frame (510) and are drawn outward from the busbar frame (510), and the portion drawn out in this manner can be attached to the surface of the busbar (520) by welding or the like.

[0106]

[0107] FIG. 5 is a drawing showing a frame cover applied to a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a part of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0108] Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, a battery module (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include a frame cover (400). The frame cover (400) may be configured to at least partially cover the module frame (300). The frame cover (400) may be provided on the outside of the module frame (300).

[0109] Specifically, the frame cover (400) may be configured to cover at least one side of the six sides of the module frame (300). The frame cover (400) may be configured to cover at least the second frame (320). The frame cover (400) may be configured in the same shape as the second frame (320). For example, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, the frame cover (400) may be configured in a U-shape.

[0110] The frame cover (400) may be configured to prevent venting gases or flames emitted when a thermal event occurs within a battery module (10) from being transferred to other battery modules (10). To this end, the frame cover (400) may be made of a material having excellent heat and / or fire resistance, such as a mica sheet or a silicone composite material.

[0111] Accordingly, the frame cover (400) can maintain morphological stability without deformation even when high temperature heat is generated, and thus can stably block high temperature gases or flames generated from the battery cell (110).

[0112] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, since the frame cover (400) is made of a hard and heat-resistant material, deformation due to high-temperature gas or flames can be minimized.

[0113] Meanwhile, a cover hole (CH) may be formed in the frame cover (400). The cover hole (CH) may be configured to discharge venting gas discharged through the venting hole (VH) to the outside of the battery module (10).

[0114] A plurality of cover holes (CH) may be provided, and may be provided at regular intervals in the horizontal direction (X-axis, Y-axis direction). In particular, the cover holes (CH) may be formed at positions corresponding to the venting holes (VH). The cover holes (CH) may be formed on the upper surface of the frame cover (400). Thus, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, venting gas or flames can be quickly directional vented in a specific direction through the venting holes (VH) and the cover holes (CH).

[0115] Meanwhile, the frame cover (400) may include a cover member (410). The cover member (410) may be configured to cover the cover hole (CH). The cover member (410) may be configured to individually cover the cover hole (CH). The cover member (410) may be configured to be inserted into the cover hole (CH), as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5. At this time, the frame cover (400) may have a notch or a cut line at a portion corresponding to the venting hole (VH).

[0116] Alternatively, unlike the above embodiment, the cover member (410) may be provided between the venting hole (VH) and the cover hole (CH). In this case, the cover member (410) may be configured in a sheet shape and may be mounted on the module frame (300). The cover member (410) may be configured to cover a plurality of cover holes (CH) at once. The cover member (410) may be attached to the inside of the frame cover (400) or may be attached on the module frame (300).

[0117] Such a cover member (410) may be configured to open and close the cover hole (CH) by means of a venting gas or a flame, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6. Specifically, at least a portion of the cover member (410) may be configured to be ruptured by the pressure or heat of the venting gas directed toward the venting hole (VH). Alternatively, the cover member (410) may be configured to be separated from the main body of the frame cover (400).

[0118] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, when a thermal event occurs in a specific battery cell (110), the cover member (410) provided on one side of the specific battery cell (110) may rupture, thereby opening at least one of the plurality of venting holes (VH). Accordingly, venting gas or the like may be discharged to the outside of the module frame (300) through the opened venting hole (VH).

[0119] In addition, the cover member (410) can prevent gas or flames discharged to the outside of the module frame (300) from flowing back into the inside of the battery module (10). That is, the venting hole (VH) provided on the side of the battery cell (110) where a thermal event does not occur can be maintained in a closed state without being opened.

[0120] In this way, the venting gas or flames, etc., discharged to the outside through the open venting hole (VH), can be fundamentally blocked from flowing back into the battery module (10). In addition, the cover member (410) of the remaining portion without rupture can block not only heat but also high-temperature gases, flames, discharged substances, etc., generated from the battery cell (110).

[0121] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery module (10), not only can venting gas or flame generated inside the battery module (10) be smoothly discharged to the outside of the battery module (10), but also the discharged venting gas or flame can be prevented from flowing back into the battery module (10). Accordingly, by minimizing heat propagation to neighboring battery cells (110) or battery modules (10), thermal runaway propagation can be effectively prevented or delayed.

[0122]

[0123] FIG. 7 is a bottom-side exploded perspective view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a front-side front view of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0124] Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the first frame (310) may be configured in a form in which at least a portion of the side where the module terminal (200) is located is open. Additionally, the side opposite the side where the module terminal (200) of the first frame (310) is located may be configured in a completely closed form.

[0125] As a more specific example, the first frame (310) may be provided with a protrusion (P) and a first opening (O1). The protrusion (P) and the first opening (O1) may be provided on the side where the module terminal (200) is located. In addition, the protrusion (P) may be configured to protrude upward so that at least a portion thereof contacts the second frame (320).

[0126] Specifically, the front of the first frame (310) covers a lower portion of the front of the cell assembly (100), and the remaining upper portion can be at least partially open to form a first opening (O1).

[0127] Accordingly, when the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) are mutually coupled, the left edge, the right edge, and the protrusion (P) of the front surface of the first frame (310) can come into contact with the second frame (320). At this time, the length (D1) of the left edge and the right edge of the front surface of the first frame (310) that come into contact with the second frame (320) can be configured to be smaller than the height of the second frame (320) or the height of the cell assembly (100).

[0128] At this time, the first opening portion (O1) may be provided in multiple numbers. In addition, the multiple first opening portions (O1) may be arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the left-right direction by the protrusion portion (P). The first opening portion (O1) may be configured in a form in which a portion of the first frame (310) is cut off. For example, the first opening portion (O1) may be configured in a form in which the left and right corners are cut off from the front surface of the first frame (310).

[0129] This first opening (O1) may be configured to expose a control device or an electrical or communication connection device of the battery module (10), such as a module terminal (200) or a connector, to the outside. That is, the module terminal (200) may be configured such that at least a portion thereof penetrates the first opening (O1).

[0130] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the module terminal (200) is exposed to the outside from the front side of the first frame (310) through the first opening (O1), and at the same time, the protrusion (P) is provided to minimize the exposure of the front side of the internal components of the module frame (300).

[0131] Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 7, a battery module (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include an insulating cover (600). The insulating cover (600) may be configured to electrically insulate a module frame (300) made of a metal material from a bus bar (520) or an electrode lead (112). The insulating cover (600) may be made of a plastic material.

[0132] An insulating cover (600) may be provided on the inner side of the module frame (300), particularly the first frame (310). The insulating cover (600) may be provided between the module frame (300) and the cell assembly (100) and the busbar frame assembly (500).

[0133] As in the above-described embodiment of the present invention, since the insulating cover (600) is inserted between the module frame (300) and the cell assembly (100) and the busbar frame assembly (500), the end plate forming the front and rear surfaces of the module frame in a conventional battery module has an insulating cover on the inside, so that the assembling efficiency can be improved compared to when the insulating cover and the end plate are welded to the cell assembly.

[0134] In addition, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, when the internal pressure of the battery module (10) increases, the front and rear sides of the first frame (310) support the insulating cover (600), thereby minimizing the possibility of the insulating cover (600) being separated, thereby ensuring electrical insulation and structural stability.

[0135] Moreover, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, separation of the cell assembly (100) and the insulating cover (600) due to venting gas or flame, etc., is suppressed, thereby preventing venting gas or flame, etc. from being discharged toward the front of the battery module (10). As a result, thermal runaway propagation between the battery modules (10) can be prevented.

[0136] This insulating cover (600) may include a first insulating cover (600A) provided on the side where the module terminal (200) of the cell assembly (100) is located, i.e., the front side, and a second insulating cover (600B) provided on the opposite side where the module terminal (200) of the cell assembly (100) is located, i.e., the rear side.

[0137] The first insulating cover (600A) may be configured to electrically insulate the module frame (300) and the module terminal (200). The first insulating cover (600A) may be configured to surround the outer perimeter of the portion where the module terminal (200) is exposed to the outside.

[0138] In addition, referring to FIG. 8, the first insulating cover (600A) may be provided with a through hole (610). The through hole (610) may be configured to allow the module terminal (200) to pass through to the outside. The through hole (610) may be provided at a position corresponding to the first opening (O1). Accordingly, the module terminal (200) may be configured to be at least partially exposed to the outside through the first opening (O1) and the through hole (610).

[0139]

[0140] FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a first frame of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a front view of the rear side of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0141] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first frame (310) may be configured such that the front and rear surfaces are rotationally symmetrical. For example, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 9, the rear surface of the first frame (310) may be configured such that the front surface of the first frame (310) is rotated 180 degrees in a horizontal direction. That is, when the first frame (310) is viewed from the front and rear, the front and rear surfaces of the first frame (310) may be configured in the same shape.

[0142] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, when manufacturing a battery module (10), there is no need for the first opening (O1) of the first frame (310) to be oriented toward the module terminal (200) in order to expose a portion of the module terminal (200) to the outside of the first frame (310). That is, the first frame (310) can be combined with the second frame (320) regardless of the position or direction of the first opening (O1). Accordingly, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, when manufacturing a module frame (300), assembly can be performed more easily, thereby improving productivity.

[0143] According to the above embodiment, the first frame (310) may be configured in a form in which at least a portion thereof is open on the opposite side where the module terminal (200) is located. That is, a second opening (O2) may be formed on the rear surface of the first frame (310).

[0144] More specifically, a first opening (O1) of the embodiment configuration illustrated in FIG. 8 is formed on the front of the first frame (310), and a second opening (O2) can be formed on the rear of the first frame (310) by having the same structure as the front of the first frame (310). Referring to FIG. 10, the second opening (O2) can be formed at a position where the position of the first opening (O1) is reversed left and right.

[0145] This second opening (O2) may be configured to allow venting gas discharged from the battery cell (110) to escape. That is, the second opening (O2) may be configured to discharge heat to the outside together with the venting hole (VH) when a thermal event occurs in the internal space of the battery module (10).

[0146] According to this embodiment of the present invention, venting gas discharged from the battery module (10) can be dispersed and discharged upward and rearward. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent a concentrated increase in temperature at a specific portion outside the battery module (10). Accordingly, it is possible to prevent an explosion of the battery module (10) due to an increase in pressure inside the battery module (10). Furthermore, in this case, the location of venting gas discharge can be limited.

[0147] In particular, the cell assemblies (100) inside the battery module (10) can be stacked left and right in a vertically erected state, as illustrated in FIG. 2. At this time, the venting gas discharged from one or more battery cells (110) included in the cell assembly (100) tends to gather at the front or rear of the battery module (10), which is the space where the electrode lead (112) is located. In this case, as in the above embodiment, by positioning the second opening (O2) at the rear side of the battery module (10), the venting gas can be discharged more quickly and smoothly through the second opening (O2). In addition, in this case, the venting gas or heat such as a flame can be suppressed or blocked from moving toward the front side of the battery module (10) where the module terminal (200) is provided.

[0148] Meanwhile, in the above-described embodiment, the insulating cover (600), i.e., the second insulating cover (600B), may be configured to cover the second opening (O2) from the inside. According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, moisture or foreign substances can be prevented from entering the interior of the battery module (10) through the second opening (O2).

[0149] Additionally, at least a portion of the insulating cover (600) may be configured to be opened by venting gas when a thermal event such as venting gas occurs inside the battery module (10). For example, the second insulating cover (600B) may be partially melted and opened by heat such as venting gas or a flame.

[0150] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, in the normal state of the battery module (10), the second insulating cover (600B) maintains insulation between the module frame (300) and the electrode lead (112), and when a thermal event occurs, a part of the second insulating cover (600B) is opened so that venting gas or flames can be quickly discharged to the outside.

[0151]

[0152] FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a first frame of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a front side elevation view of a battery module according to another embodiment.

[0153] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the front and rear sides of the first frame (310) may be configured in a form in which a portion is completely cut off. More specifically, the first opening portion (O1) and the second opening portion (O2) may be configured in a form extending in a straight line in the left-right direction. Each of the first opening portion (O1) and the second opening portion (O2) may be provided one at a time.

[0154] Accordingly, when the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) are mutually coupled, the left and right edges of the front and rear sides of the first frame (310) can come into contact with the second frame (320), respectively. At this time, the length (D2) of the left and right edges of the first frame (310) that come into contact with the second frame (320) can be configured to be smaller than the height of the second frame (320) or the height of the cell assembly (100).

[0155] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, when manufacturing a module frame (300), it can be manufactured by bending a single plate without a separate cutting process, thereby enabling simpler manufacturing. In addition, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, since the openings (O1, O2) are provided in a large size, it can be applied to any structure regardless of the location of components exposed to the outside of the module frame (300), such as the module terminal (200) or connector. As a result, the cost and time for manufacturing the battery module (10) can be reduced, thereby improving productivity.

[0156]

[0157] FIG. 13 is a rear perspective view of a battery module with a frame cover applied according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 14 is a drawing for explaining that a portion of the frame cover is opened when a thermal event occurs in a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0158] Meanwhile, in the case where a second opening (O2) is formed on the rear surface of the first frame (310), as in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 11, there is a possibility that venting gas or flames may flow in through the second opening (O2) when a thermal event occurs in an adjacent battery module (10).

[0159] Accordingly, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the frame cover (400) may be configured to cover the rear surface of the first frame (310) as well as the second frame (320). That is, the frame cover (400) may be configured to cover the second opening (O2) from the outside.

[0160] The frame cover (400) according to FIGS. 13 and 14 has the same configuration as the frame cover (400) according to FIGS. 5 and 6 except that it further covers the rear surface of the first frame (310), so a duplicate description is omitted.

[0161] The frame cover (400) may be provided with a first cover hole (CH1) formed at a position corresponding to the venting hole (VH) as well as a second cover hole (CH2) formed at a position corresponding to the second opening (O2). In addition, the cover member (410) may be provided with a first cover member (411) configured to cover the first cover hole (CH1) and a second cover member (412) configured to cover the second cover hole (CH2).

[0162] Accordingly, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, when thermal runaway of the battery module (10) occurs, as indicated by the bold arrows in FIG. 14, the first cover member (411) and the second cover member (412) are opened so that the venting gas or flame generated inside the battery module (10) can be discharged not only from the top but also from the rear.

[0163] In addition, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, venting gas or flames discharged to the outside through the open second opening (O2) can be fundamentally blocked from flowing back into the battery module (10). Accordingly, heat propagation to neighboring battery cells (110) or battery modules (10) can be minimized, effectively preventing or delaying the propagation of thermal runaway.

[0164]

[0165] Fig. 15 is a drawing showing a welded portion of a battery module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0166] Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 15, a welded portion (W) may be formed at the open ends where the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) face each other. That is, the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) may be configured such that the open ends are in contact with each other. In this way, the welded portion (W) may be formed by welding the contacting portions of the first frame (310) and the second frame (320).

[0167] The weld (W) may be formed at at least six of the twelve corners of the module frame (300). For example, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 15, the weld (W) may be formed at all of the upper, left, and right sides where the inner open ends of the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) face each other at the front and rear of the battery module (10).

[0168] The weld (W) may be configured in a line shape. For example, the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) may be configured in a line shape that extends long along the edges facing each other.

[0169] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) can be more stably joined. In addition, in this case, the leakage of venting gas or flames between the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) can be more effectively prevented.

[0170] According to this embodiment of the present invention, the length of the welded portion (W) can be formed longer. Accordingly, the bonding strength of the welded portion (W) can be further improved, thereby increasing the bonding strength between the first frame (310) and the second frame (320). In addition, the sealing performance of the welded portion (W) can be further improved.

[0171] In particular, in the case of the above-described implementation configuration, since the welded portion (W) is formed long in the horizontal and vertical directions, the tensile stress for the fastening portion between the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) can be improved.

[0172]

[0173] FIG. 16 is a drawing showing a separated module frame of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a joint portion of a module frame of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0174] Meanwhile, the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) may be configured such that one component supports the other component outwardly. For example, one of the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) may be configured to be inserted or mounted on the other component.

[0175] As a more specific example, referring to FIGS. 16 and 17, a bend portion (B) may be provided at the open end of the first frame (310). The bend portion (B) may be configured such that the distal end of the first frame (310) is bent inward. The bend portion (B) may be provided at at least a portion of the open end edge of the first frame (310). The bend portion (B) may be configured in a form that extends along the open end edge of the first frame (310).

[0176] In addition, the concave portion (G) may be configured in a form that is at least partially sunken inward from the open end side of the second frame (320). The concave portion (G) may be configured such that the folded portion (B) is inserted therein. The concave portion (G) may be configured to correspond to the position, shape, size, etc. of the folded portion (B). Accordingly, the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) may be configured in a form that is mutually inserted and coupled.

[0177] According to this configuration of the present invention, since one component of the module frame (300) supports the other component in an upward (outward) direction, the contact state between the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) can be stably maintained during the welding process. Accordingly, weldability can be improved.

[0178] Moreover, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 16, the support configuration of the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) may be formed on the entire edge of the first frame (310) or the second frame (320), such as the entire upper, lower, left, and right sides. In this case, since the bending portion (B) is inserted into the interior (concave portion (G)) of the second frame (320), the insertion fastening configuration between the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) may be implemented entirely on the module frame (300). Accordingly, the mechanical coupling force and assembling ability between the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) may be further improved.

[0179] Meanwhile, in this embodiment configuration, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 17, the weld (W) formed on the upper surface of the module frame (300) may be formed at the part where the outermost portion of the concave portion (G) of the second frame (320) is bent at the bend portion (B) of the first frame (310). Accordingly, the weld (W) may be provided on the inner side of the outermost edge of the module frame (300). As a result, the joint structure of the first frame (310) and the second frame (320) can be maintained more stably.

[0180]

[0181] Figure 18 is a schematic perspective view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0182] Referring to FIG. 18, a battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include one or more battery modules (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention as described above. In addition, the battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include a pack case (2). The pack case (2) may be configured to accommodate a plurality of battery modules (10). The pack case (2) may be formed in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped box.

[0183] Additionally, although not shown in the drawing, the pack case (2) may be configured to accommodate components such as a BMS (Battery Management System), a current sensor, and a fuse for integrated control of charging and discharging of one or more battery cells (110) therein.

[0184]

[0185] Figure 19 is a schematic perspective view of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0186] Referring to FIG. 19, a vehicle (3) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include one or more battery packs (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle (3) according to the present invention may be, for example, an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or a plug-in hybrid vehicle. The vehicle (3) may include a four-wheel vehicle and a two-wheel vehicle. The vehicle (3) may operate by receiving power from a battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0187]

[0188] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is obvious that various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention and the equivalent scope of the claims to be described below by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains.

Claims

1. A cell assembly comprising a plurality of battery cells; A module terminal electrically connected to the plurality of battery cells and arranged on at least one of the six sides of the cell assembly; and A battery module comprising a module frame configured to accommodate the cell assembly, the module frame comprising a first frame configured to cover a portion of a side of the cell assembly, including a side of the cell assembly on which the module terminal is arranged, and a second frame configured to cover a portion of the remaining side of the cell assembly.

2. In paragraph 1, The first frame is configured to cover the front, rear and lower surfaces of the cell assembly, A battery module characterized in that the second frame is configured to cover the upper surface, left surface, and right surface of the cell assembly.

3. In paragraph 2, A battery module characterized in that the first frame is configured in an integrated form to cover the front, rear, and lower surfaces of the cell assembly.

4. In paragraph 2, A battery module characterized in that the second frame is configured in an integrated form to cover the upper surface, left surface, and right surface of the cell assembly.

5. In paragraph 1, A battery module characterized in that at least one of the first frame and the second frame is configured in a folded shape so as to cover different sides of the cell assembly.

6. In paragraph 1, A battery module characterized in that at least one of the first frame and the second frame is configured in a U-shape with three open sides.

7. In paragraph 1, A battery module characterized in that the second frame is formed with a venting hole configured to allow venting gas generated in the battery cell to be discharged to the outside.

8. In paragraph 7, A battery module characterized in that the venting hole is provided at the upper portion of the cell assembly.

9. In paragraph 7, A battery module further comprising a frame cover configured to at least partially cover the module frame.

10. In paragraph 9, A battery module characterized in that a cover hole is formed in the frame cover at a position corresponding to the venting hole.

11. In paragraph 10, The above frame cover A battery module characterized by having a cover member that covers the cover hole and is configured to open and close the cover hole by venting gas.

12. In paragraph 1, A battery module characterized in that the first frame is configured in a form in which at least a portion of the side where the module terminal is located is open.

13. In paragraph 12, A battery module characterized in that the first frame has a protrusion configured to protrude upward at least partially from a side where the module terminal is located and contact the second frame.

14. In paragraph 1, A battery module characterized in that the first frame is configured in a form in which the front and rear sides are rotationally symmetrical.

15. In paragraph 1, A battery module characterized in that the first frame is configured in a form in which at least a portion thereof is open on the side opposite to the side where the module terminal is located.

16. In paragraph 1, A battery module characterized in that a weld is formed at the open end where the first frame and the second frame face each other.

17. A battery pack comprising a battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

18. A vehicle comprising a battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

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