Frame element and building closure

Abstract

The present invention relates to a frame element for a building closure, in particular a window, door or facade, comprising at least one hollow channel, wherein the frame element is designed as a peripheral injection-moulded part and the hollow channel is formed integrally peripherally therein. The present invention also relates to a building closure, in particular a window, door or facade, comprising: a frame which has at least one frame element according to the invention.

Description

[0001] Frame element and building closure FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a frame element for a building closure and a building closure, in particular a window, door or facade. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND Building closures such as windows, doors, facades or the like exist in a wide variety of designs. They are usually made of wood, metal or plastic. Frames for plastic windows and doors are generally assembled from extruded plastic profiles that are welded together at the corners. For example, EP 2886 779 A1 describes such a plastic window. Channels are often formed in the frame profile through extrusion. The air in the channels acts as an insulator for heat transfer from the outside or inside. Once one of the channels formed in this way has heated up or cooled down, the heat is transferred to the next channel. This means that heat exchange occurs only slowly.However, the process for manufacturing such frames sometimes involves many steps. The extruded profiles must first be cut to length, then angles are sawn at the ends. In most cases, a metal reinforcement is then inserted into the extruded profiles for reinforcement. The profiles are then welded together, and the weld seam must then be removed. Holes must then be drilled or milled to attach fittings and security mechanisms, and rubber seals or sealing lips must be inserted. Furthermore, this process only allows for a limited number of window shapes. Square, rectangular, triangular, or trapezoidal frames, for example, can be created. If a different surface, such as a wood look, is desired, the windows must also be filmed.It is also difficult to insert additional insulation elements into the extruded frame profile or they would have to be threaded through the entire length of the profile. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Against this background, the present invention is based on the object of providing an improved frame element which is easier to manufacture and allows for greater freedom of design. According to the invention, this object is achieved by a frame element having the features of patent claim 1 and / or a building closure having the features of claim 11. Accordingly, the following is provided: - A frame element for a building closure, in particular a window, a door or a facade, with at least one hollow channel, wherein the frame element is designed as a circumferential injection-molded part and the hollow channel is integrally formed therein.- A building closure, in particular a window, door or facade, comprising: a frame having at least one frame element according to the invention; and a filling, in particular glazing, accommodated in the frame. The finding underlying the present invention is that the production of a frame for a building closure by injection molding can have advantages. The idea underlying the invention is to design a frame element as a circumferential injection-molded part with at least one hollow channel which is integrally formed therein. The hollow channel is, in particular, continuously circumferential without interruption. The injection-molded part is, in particular, circumferentially free of joints. The present invention achieves that frames for building closures, in particular window frames, door frames or the like, can be manufactured entirely from injection molding, with all the associated design advantages.Due to the at least one integral circumferential hollow channel, there are no functional disadvantages compared to conventional frames made from extruded profiles. However, the advantage is that far fewer production steps are required. For example, injection molding makes it possible to design free shapes for window frames, which can have any curves, corners or other shapes as well as design-related surfaces such as graining, surface structures or any inlays during the primary production process. In particular, weld-free and joint-free surfaces are provided. The free formability through injection molding enables not only design aspects but also previously unknown functions and advantages. In contrast to conventionally manufactured windows, for example,Rounded transitions to the window pane or rounded transitions at the corners can be provided, which can offer advantages when cleaning, as dirt usually collects at the corners and edges. Rounded corners can also, for example, prevent the risk of injury. Furthermore, two- or multi-component injection molding methods can also be used according to the invention, combining the advantages of different materials and their design or haptic properties. In particular, different designs on the outside and inside can be easily realized in this way, without great effort or add-on parts. Furthermore, the insulating effect can even be improved according to the invention. In extruded profile constructions, the insulating effect is created by air-filled channels which, due to the manufacturing process, run constantly in the longitudinal direction of the profiles.In the present invention, the insulating effect can also be achieved through freely formed hollow channels and other freely formable channels formed by the injection molding process. This means that the cross-section does not need to be constant along the frame, but can be provided differently locally as required. In addition to the hollow channels, the design allows for additional insulating elements, such as insulating mats, to be accommodated in the window in further channels adapted to the installation situation. Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible to achieve a better insulating effect using two- or multi-component injection molding by integrating layers or elements of another plastic with an insulating effect over a large area or locally.During production of the frame element according to the invention, several or many work steps, including, for example, the assembly of components or the application of film to the frame, can be eliminated by inserting and overmolding components in the tool. When using two- or multi-component injection molding, it may even be possible to eliminate the need to insert rubber seals. Elements such as seals can also be inserted and / or overmolded. Injection molding also allows additional functions to be integrated into the frame element or frame during the primary forming process. For example, cable ducts or openings for a wide variety of purposes, such as attaching a set, can be integrated and do not need to be added later. Additional parts such as insulation material, cables, antennas, or the like can be inserted in the tool.Furthermore, ventilation openings can be created in the frame of older buildings. These reduce the sealing effect of the window frame or enable moisture exchange to regulate humidity in the room and prevent mold. This also ensures the supply of fresh air for gas boilers. Furthermore, the rigidity of the windows or doors can be increased by the possibility of freely designing ribs and channels, thus saving on basic material and therefore reducing weight. In particular, according to the invention, a metal support is no longer necessary in the frame. For roof windows, an internal structure made of wood or metal is no longer necessary. Stability can be adjusted using ribs and hollow channels, and metal or wooden supports are no longer required.Advantageous embodiments and further developments emerge from the further subclaims and from the description with reference to the figures of the drawing. According to one embodiment, the hollow channel has an inlet into the frame element and an outlet from the frame element. Between the inlet and the outlet, the hollow channel runs circumferentially within the frame element. The hollow channel can be filled with a gas, wherein a diameter can increase after the inlet and decrease again at the outlet. A fluid can be injected into the hollow channel via the inlet into the frame element. The fluid can flow out again from the outlet. This advantageously enables the refilling and / or replacement of the gas or flushing to clean the hollow channel during maintenance. According to one embodiment, the inlet and outlet are arranged directly next to one another.The position directly next to each other can be parallel or diagonal, or even next to each other at a corner. In this way, the hollow channel runs almost completely around the frame element and is only interrupted in the short section between the inlet and outlet. Thus, the gas filled in the hollow channel can act as an insulator for heat transfer across almost the entire area of ​​the frame element. According to one embodiment, the hollow channel is formed using an internal pressure injection molding process. In particular, it is formed by material displacement by means of injection of a fluid. With this process, the hollow channel can be adapted to the course of the frame element and form essentially freely within the frame element. Thus, on the one hand, the frame element can be easily provided as a one-piece injection-molded part with hollow channels.Furthermore, a cross-sectional area of ​​the hollow channel can be locally maximized in each case, thereby achieving a better insulating effect of the frame element. According to a preferred embodiment, the frame element has at least one joint-free corner, in particular with a round or angular shape. Preferably, all corners of the frame element are joint-free. Particularly preferably, the entire frame element is designed to be joint-free. This is possible for both round and angular corners. The course without a joint and yet with a hollow channel around a corner is made possible by the inventive use of the injection molding process for production. In addition to the optimized course of the hollow channel, the joint-free design has advantages for cleaning, since dirt usually collects at the corners and edges as well as at the joints.According to a further embodiment, a circumferential receptacle for a filling, in particular glazing, is integrally formed on a circumferential inner side of the frame element. For example, the circumferential frame element has a recess for arranging the filling, in particular glazing. Advantageously, the filling is sealingly received in the circumferential receptacle, whereby the subsequent additional work processes for applying the sealant are dispensable. According to an advantageous embodiment, a circumferential structural channel is further provided in the frame element. The structural channel can also be integrated essentially circumferentially within the frame element at the hollow channels. It serves to structurally stiffen the frame element and can have integral or additional reinforcing elements.According to a further development, the structural duct is also formed integrally in the frame element and reinforced with ribs. In particular, several reinforced structural ducts can be provided within the cross-section of the frame element or the frame. The ribs can be provided at regular intervals along the course of the structural duct. The rigidity of a building closure is advantageously increased by such a design. Thus, in particular, additional metal supports are no longer necessary. Nevertheless, the weight of the frame of the building closure can be advantageously reduced. According to a further advantageous embodiment, additional insulation elements, in particular insulating mats, are inserted between the ribs. This advantageously results in reduced heat loss. Furthermore, the structural duct can thus be used for several stiffening and thermal insulation functions simultaneously.In this way, functional integration is created. According to one embodiment, the frame element is designed as a two- or multi-component injection-molded part, in particular with two or more different materials. When using two or more components, the design or haptic properties of the different materials can be advantageously combined. In contrast to the extruded process, the outside (facade side) and the inside of the building closure can also be designed differently without great effort or add-on parts. However, it is also possible to achieve improved insulation through the use of two- or multi-component injection molding by integrating layers or elements of a plastic with an insulating effect with the other components over a large area or locally, as required.According to one embodiment, the frame element forms a single-shell frame. Advantageously, this eliminates the need for the work steps associated with conventional manufacturing, e.g., cutting to length, mitering, reinforcement, and welding, etc. According to a further embodiment, at least two frame elements joined together form a two- or multi-shell frame. Advantageously, the two frame elements can be connected to one another as shells with a form-fitting connection. This simplifies the insertion of additional components, in particular insulation elements, between the shells / frame elements when constructing the complete frame. This also simplifies the form-fitting fitting of a filling, in particular glazing. According to one embodiment, the frame elements are joined with a form-fitting connection. Alternatively or additionally, the frame elements are joined with connecting elements.Alternatively or additionally, the frame elements are joined in a material-to-material manner. In each variant, additional insulation elements can be inserted between the frame elements prior to joining. According to one embodiment, a surface structure integral to the injection-molded material is provided on an outer surface of the at least one frame element. This achieves an aesthetic design produced during primary molding. According to a further embodiment, the frame is movably mounted in a casing or window casing, wherein the casing is designed as at least one frame element according to the invention. As a result, a casing of the building closure can also be freely designed with the frame elements according to the invention and is thus adapted to the frame according to the invention.The entire building closure with the freely formed frame elements of the frame and casing is thus easier to produce using injection molding, and in larger quantities, more easily. The above embodiments and further developments can be combined with one another as desired, where appropriate. Further possible embodiments, further developments, and implementations of the invention also include combinations of features of the invention described previously or below with regard to the exemplary embodiments that were not explicitly mentioned. In particular, the person skilled in the art will also add individual aspects as improvements or additions to the respective basic form of the present invention. TABLE OF CONTENTS OF THE DRAWING The present invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the schematic figures of the drawing. There show: Fig. 1 a schematic plan view of a frame element according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig.2 shows a schematic plan view of a building closure with a frame element according to a further exemplary embodiment; Fig. 3A shows a cross section of a frame element according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 3B shows a longitudinal section along the section line AA of a frame element according to Fig. 3A; Fig. 4A shows a cross section of a frame element according to a further exemplary embodiment; Fig. 4B shows a longitudinal section along the section line BB of a frame element according to Fig. 4A; Fig. 5 shows a longitudinal section of a frame element according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a building closure with frame elements according to an exemplary embodiment; Fig. 7 shows a plan view of a frame element according to a further exemplary embodiment; Fig. 8 shows a plan view of a building closure with a frame element according to a further exemplary embodiment; Figs. 9A, 9B show perspective views of a building closure according to a further exemplary embodiment; Fig.10A is a perspective view of a cross-section of the frame according to Fig. 9A-B; and Fig. 10B is an enlargement of the cross-section according to Fig. 10A. The accompanying drawing figures are intended to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention. They illustrate embodiments and, in connection with the description, serve to explain principles and concepts of the invention. Other embodiments and many of the mentioned advantages will be apparent from view of the drawings. The elements of the drawings are not necessarily shown to scale to one another. In the drawing figures, like, functionally equivalent and acting elements, features and components are provided with the same reference numerals, unless otherwise stated.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Although the present invention has been fully described above using preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto, but can be modified in many different ways. Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a frame element 1 according to an embodiment. The frame element 1 is designed for a building closure, in particular for a window, a door or a facade. It is a circumferential injection-molded part. The frame element 1 has a hollow channel 2, which is integrally formed circumferentially in the frame element 1. The central recess of the frame element serves in particular to accommodate a filling, for example a window pane. Fig. 2 shows the building closure 5 with the frame element 1 according to a further embodiment in a schematic plan view. The frame element 1 or its outline is shown here as an example as a rectangle in the plane of Fig.2. Fig. 2 is only a schematic illustration; therefore, the proportions, in particular the relationship between the size of the recess and the thickness of the frame, are not representative here. Of course, the inner contours shown are also to be understood as hidden edges. The frame element 1 is designed as a one-piece injection-molded part such that it forms a closed, circumferential frame. In a central area, a recess for arranging a filling 15, in particular a glazing shown schematically here, is enclosed by the frame element 1. Likewise, several circumferential hollow channels 2 are integrated in the frame element 1, which run around the recess and the filling 15. The frame element 1 with the integrated circumferential hollow channels 2 can be manufactured as a one-piece injection-molded part, in particular as a two- or multi-component injection-molded part.According to the invention, a building closure 5 has at least one frame, which has the surrounding frame element 1 with the surrounding hollow channels 2 integrated in the frame element 1, and the filling 15, which is arranged in the recess of the frame. In further embodiments, any desired circumferential contours of the frame can be produced. For example, round, square, trapezoidal, triangular, polygonal and even irregular shapes are conceivable for the frame element 1, which are available during production using the injection molding process. The hollow channels 2 can be formed in particular by internal pressure injection molding, i.e. by material displacement using the injection of a fluid, e.g. water, into the still liquid or molten material. The hollow channels 2, like the contour of the frame element 1, are freely formable. In Fig.2, the circumferential hollow channels 2 are, for example, essentially parallel to one another and lying next to one another along the exemplary rectangular shape and are designed with rounded corners. As shown by way of example in Fig. 2, each of the hollow channels 2 has a rounded profile in the corners with a radius in the corner region 10. The hollow channels 2 of the frame element 1 can, in further embodiments, have different profiles in corner regions 10. The individual hollow channels 2 can also be freely configured with different profiles - e.g., mixed with round or angular profiles - in the corner regions 10 of the frame element 1. This is particularly advantageous if the hollow channels, for example, fulfill different functions or accommodate different elements. A gas, e.g., air, can be accommodated in the individual hollow channels 2 and serve as an insulator for heat transfer from the inside and outside.Due to the circumferential design, better prevention of heat transfer can be achieved. Fig. 3A shows a cross-section of a frame element 1 according to an exemplary embodiment, and Fig. 3B shows a longitudinal section along section line AA. In the cross-section of the frame element 1, several, here by way of example three, hollow channels 2, 2', 2'' with regular or irregular cross-sectional shapes are provided. As illustrated, the irregular cross-section of one of the hollow channels 2 is designed to match a transition region 6, which serves to enclose a filling. In this way, the gas filled in the hollow channels 2 can function as an insulator for heat transfer almost in the entire area of ​​the frame element 1, even in the area adjacent to the filling 15. The other two hollow channels 2', 2'' have a regular cross-sectional shape, forming a rectangle with rounded corners.The frame element 1 shown here is a circumferential shell for a multi-shell frame. This shell can therefore form a frame together with at least one corresponding second shell, not shown here (see Fig. 6). In addition to the hollow channels, the frame element 1 has a structural channel 4. The structural channel 4 is open here on a side intended for coupling with a second shell and is provided with ribs 3 to stiffen the structure. The ribs adjoin the hollow channels 2, 2', 2'' and are formed integrally with them within the frame element 1. In this way, the rigidity of the frame element is increased, in particular without the need for additional metal supports. Nevertheless, the weight of the frame element 1 can be reduced. The ribs 3 can be arranged continuously or with interruptions or at regular intervals along the course of the structural channel 4.Additional functional elements can be arranged locally, at regular intervals, or continuously in the structural channel. By way of example, additional insulation elements (see insulation elements 14 in Fig. 6) can be inserted into the structural channel 4. In the longitudinal section shown in Fig. 3B along section line AA, the hollow channels 2 are illustrated with angled runs in the corner region 10 on the left side. The walls of the hollow channels thus form a right angle in the corner region. An outer and an inner edge of the frame element 1 are also angled in the corner region. The hollow channels 2 therefore run essentially parallel to one another here, for example, along the course of the frame element 1. Of course, other configurations would also be conceivable in further embodiments, particularly with regard to heat conduction in the corner region in order to achieve the most uniform heat transfer coefficient possible.The wall thicknesses of the hollow channels 2 can also be adjusted as required, particularly in the corner region 10. Fig. 4A shows a cross-section of a frame element 1 according to a further exemplary embodiment, and Fig. 4B shows a longitudinal section along a section line BB. In comparison with the exemplary embodiment in Fig. 3A, B, the frame element 1 as well as the hollow channels 2 integrated in the frame element 1 and the structural channel 4 have rounded contours in the longitudinal section in Fig. 4B in the corner region 10. These are concentrically round in the corner region 10 over the 90° transition shown. By way of example, the inner corner of the frame element 1, or specifically here a slightly indented point in the region of the inner corner, essentially forms the center Z. In particular, the joint-free corners and / or transition areas with rounded contours can offer advantages during cleaning, since dirt usually collects on angular parts.Such a joint-free, round design of the frame element 1 can also prevent the risk of injury. Fig. 5 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a frame element 1 according to a further exemplary embodiment. The representation here is to be understood as half a frame element or lower half of a frame element for purely illustrative purposes. Of course, it is nevertheless a circumferential frame element 1 which also has an upper half, which is only hidden here for better clarity. Fig. 5 illustrates a hollow channel 2 of the frame element 1 with its inlet 8 and its outlet 9. These can arise if an internal pressure injection molding process or fluid injection process is used to form the hollow channel 2 during production by injection molding.For this purpose, during production by injection molding, an injection mold representing the frame element is first completely filled with melt in the area of ​​the hollow channel and then cooled, particularly at the mold, until the walls of the hollow channel have solidified. The material present inside the future hollow channel is still liquid. Subsequently, a fluid is introduced into the mold under pressure in the area of ​​the inlet, and the still-liquid melt is displaced within the walls of the hollow channel and pressed out of the mold through the outlet. This continues until the hollow channel is completely formed and the fluid has reached the outlet. The fluid can then be drained again from the hollow channel 2. Both liquids and gases can be used as process fluids for internal pressure injection molding or fluid injection. In particular, this can be water. In particular, a fluid such asWater is injected into the frame element 1 via the inlet 8 and flows out again via the outlet 9. Refilling and / or replacing the gas or flushing to clean the hollow channel for maintenance or to adjust insulation properties is also advantageously possible. The inlet 8 and the outlet 9 are in particular arranged directly next to one another, so that the hollow channel 2 runs completely around the frame element 1 from the inlet 8 and ends directly next to it at the outlet 9. The inlet 8 and the outlet 9 are arranged here, for example, on the circumferential outer side of the frame element 1 and oriented outwards. In further embodiments, however, other arrangements and orientations are also conceivable, for example across a corner of the frame or on different sides, provided that they are in direct proximity to the circumference.Starting from the inlet 8, the hollow channel 2 runs here along a purely exemplary circular segment to the circumferential inner side of the frame element 1. From there, it runs circumferentially along the inner side of the frame element 1 to the outlet 9, to which it again runs along a circular segment. In further embodiments, other guides of the hollow channel 2 to the inlet 8 and / or outlet are conceivable, for example, with a straight course transverse or oblique to the circumferential direction. The corner regions 1 are rounded here, as an example, similar to Fig. 4B. Of course, an angular design as in Fig. 3B would also be possible in further embodiments. Furthermore, differently shaped corner regions 10 are conceivable along the course of the hollow channel 2. The hollow channel 2 always extends within the frame element 1 from the inlet 8 to the outlet 9, circumferentially around the central recess of the frame element 1.The shape of the hollow channel 2 can, however, be freely determined by the injection mold by arranging cooling areas such that they form the hollow channel walls and guide the fluid during the subsequent fluid injection. The openings, or the inlet 8 and the outlet 9, can also be freely positioned by the injection mold. For example, in further embodiments, these can be oriented in opposite directions instead of in the same direction. Fig. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the building closure 5 according to a further embodiment. Accordingly, the building closure 5 comprises a two-shell frame 13 formed with two frame elements 1. In further embodiments, designs with three or more shells would also be conceivable. In still further embodiments, a single-shell design of the frame is also possible.In the embodiment shown, the receptacle 11 for the filling 15 is provided in the joint area of ​​the two shells of the frame 13 formed by frame elements 1. The filling 15 is thus arranged in the receptacle 11 and enclosed between the shells. To produce the complete frame 13, after the filling 15 has been inserted, the two frame elements 1 are joined together in a form-fitting and / or material-fitting manner, e.g. clipped, glued or welded. The circumferential hollow channels 2 are provided integrally in the frame 13 or in each of the frame elements 1, as described with reference to the preceding embodiments. Here too, as described with reference to Figs. 3 and 4, the hollow channels 2 can have different cross-sectional shapes. A hollow channel 2 with an irregular cross-section can, for example, correspond to the freely formable outer contour of the frame element 1, e.g. B. the free-form or round transition area 6, adapted to the design.The integral functions of the hollow channels 2, e.g., thermal insulation and / or stiffening, can thus also be provided in the irregular areas. In addition to the hollow channels 2, the frame 13 comprises the structural channel 4, which is formed jointly by the two mutually facing sides of the frame elements 1. The walls of the structural channel 4 meet in the joint area of ​​the two frame elements 1. The regularly spaced ribs 3 integrally provided in the structural channel 4 also meet in the joint area for stiffening. In this way, the two frame elements 1 can be connected in a form-fitting and / or material-fitting manner to form the double-shell frame 13. Previously, the additional insulation elements 14, in particular in the form of insulating mats, are inserted in the structural channel 4 between the ribs 3. When assembled, these are then received in a form-fitting manner in the structural channel 4.With this design, a better thermal insulation effect of the multi-layer construction can be achieved. In addition, the rigidity and weight of the multi-layer frame 13 can be increased and the weight reduced. In further embodiments, alternative or additional functional elements of different types could also be accommodated in the structural channel. The circumferential receptacle 11 for receiving the filling 15, in particular glazing, is provided integrally on the circumferential inner side of the frame 13. The receptacle 11 is also formed here by joining the two frame elements 1 in the joint area. This means that the complementary sections of the receptacle 11 are provided here on the opposite sides of the frame elements 1 of the frame 13. The frame 13 is movably mounted in a casing 7. In particular, this is a window or door frame in which the frame 13 can be pivotally mounted.In the illustrated embodiment, the frame 7 is also provided, by way of example, as a frame element 1, i.e., as a circumferential injection-molded part with a hollow channel integrally formed therein. Of course, in further embodiments, a combination of the frame 13 with a conventional frame would also be possible. Structural channels 4 (not shown here) with ribs 3, etc., would also be conceivable in the frame 7, so that the frame 7 can also be manufactured and provided with the design advantages according to the invention. The frame 7 or window frame as well as the two- or multi-shell frame 13 can be manufactured using the injection molding process. Although the present invention has been fully described above using preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto, but can be modified in many different ways.For example, there is the possibility of using two-component or multi-component injection molding, in that the frame elements 1 for the frame 13 and / or the casing 7 - both single-shell and multi-shell - can be produced with different components. Fig. 7 shows the frame element 1 according to an exemplary embodiment in plan view. To avoid repetition, for the description of identical or functionally equivalent features in the following Figures 7 to 10B, reference is also made to the description of Figures 1-2 and 5-6. The frame element 1 in Fig. 7 is designed as a circumferential, in particular joint-free, injection-molded part. The frame element 1 has a hollow channel 2 with the adjacent inlet and outlet 8, 9, which is formed integrally circumferentially in the frame element 1, in particular continuously circumferentially without interruption. Fig.8 shows the building closure 5 with the frame element 1 according to a further exemplary embodiment in a top view. The plurality of hollow channels 2, which are formed integrally in the frame element 1, in particular continuously and uninterruptedly, are provided in Fig. 8 with the arrangements of inlets 8 and outlets 9 cascaded next to one another. The inlet 8 and outlet 9 of each individual hollow channel can also be arranged next to one another in the frame element 1 in other possible orientations, as long as this is designed to benefit the spatial utilization and the production of the hollow channel in the frame element 1, for example, at a corner or across a corner on two sides. As illustrated, the inlet 8 and the outlet 9 are provided, for example, parallel or perpendicular to one another on a common side, here the underside, of the frame element 1 and / or the frame 13. Apart from the illustrated embodiments in Fig.8, the inlet 8 and the outlet 9 can be implemented next to one another at any alternatively possible location on the frame element 1 and / or the frame 13. For example, at a corner the inlet 8 can be implemented horizontally and the outlet 9 vertically, or at one location the inlet 8 can be implemented from below and the outlet 9 from the side, e.g. perpendicular to the plane of Fig. 2. Figs. 9A and 9B show a perspective view of a front and a rear side of the building closure 5 according to a further exemplary embodiment. This is a joint-free building closure 5 which is designed, for example, as a window sash, according to which, in particular, no joints are provided at the corner region 10. Figs. 10A and 10B each show a perspective view of a frame 13 according to Fig. 9A in cross section and a local enlargement of the cross section according to Fig. 10A.In the illustrated embodiment, the receptacle 11 for the filling 15 is provided in the joint area of ​​the two shells of the frame 13 formed by the frame elements 1. To produce the complete frame 13, after the filling 15 has been inserted, the two frame elements 1 are joined together in a form-fitting and / or material-fitting manner, e.g., clipped, glued, or welded. The hollow channels 2 are arranged on a sectional plane as in the embodiment in Fig. 6. A different arrangement of the hollow channels in the frame 13 is equally possible. In contrast to Fig. 6, here the receptacle 11 of the joint-free frame 13 is designed without rounded transition areas 6, but with edges. The material of the components can be used locally as required.For example, a plastic with better insulation properties can be used in thermal bridge areas, while a high-strength plastic can be used in areas subject to particular stress. Large-area use is of course also possible in each case. In this way, the material properties required at specific locations and / or surfaces of the frame elements 1 can be locally adjusted using multi-component injection molding. Furthermore, optical and / or haptic properties can be adjusted locally or on different surfaces of the frame elements using multi-component injection molding. In particular, in the case of facades, the inside and outside sides – even with a single-shell frame construction – can be designed differently without additional effort for post-processing or add-on parts.Furthermore, it is conceivable to use multi-component injection molding to create certain functional sections, for example, for seals that are already integrally manufactured during primary molding. Alternatively or additionally, functional elements such as seals can also be inserted into the injection mold and / or overmolded for production. The frame element 1 according to the invention can depict any technical possibility of injection molding, such as grain surfaces, radii and shapes, coloring, functional integration, component injection molding, ribs, screw domes, and the like. The hollow channel(s) 2 can be used not only for insulation but also to stiffen the frame. The ribs 3 of the structural channel can be designed not only for reinforcement but alternatively or additionally also to form further channels 4, which can be filled with air or gas, in order to reinforce the insulation of the building closure. A further hollow channel 2 orAdditional hollow ducts 2 can also be used to exchange moisture between the building's interior and exterior by ducting them in other directions. The hollow duct 2 or ducts 2 can also have a resealable opening to the outside or inside, for example, to allow moisture exchange in older buildings and / or to adjust the insulation to prevent the risk of mold growth.

[0002] List of reference symbols Frame element Hollow channel Ribs Structural channel Building closure Transition area Frame / window frame Entry Exit Corner area Receptacle Shell Frame Insulation element Filling

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Frame element (1) for a building closure, in particular a window, a door or a facade, with at least one hollow channel (2), characterized in that the frame element (1) is designed as a circumferential injection-molded part and the hollow channel (2) is integrally formed therein.

2. Frame element (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow channel (2) has an inlet (8) into the frame element (1) and an outlet (9) from the frame element.

3. Frame element (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the inlet (8) and the outlet (9) are arranged directly next to one another.

4. Frame element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow channel (2) is formed by internal pressure injection molding, in particular by material displacement by means of injection of a fluid. 5.Frame element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frame element (1) has at least one joint-free corner, in particular with a round or angular shape.

6. Frame element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a circumferential receptacle (11) for a filling (15), in particular glazing, is integrally formed on a circumferential inner side of the frame element (1).

7. Frame element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a circumferential structural channel (4) is further provided in the frame element (1).

8. Frame element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the structural channel (4) is also integrally formed in the frame element (1) and reinforced with ribs (3).

9. Frame element (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that insulating elements (14), in particular insulating mats, are inserted between the ribs (3). 10.Frame element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frame element (1) is designed as a two- or multi-component injection-molded part, in particular with two or more different materials.

11. Building closure (5), in particular a window, door, or facade, comprising: a frame (13) which has at least one frame element (1) according to one of the preceding claims; and. a filling (15), in particular glazing, accommodated in the frame (13).

12. Building closure (5) according to claim 11, characterized in that the frame element (1) forms the frame with a single shell.

13. Building closure (5) according to claim 11, characterized in that at least two frame elements (1) joined together form the frame (13) with two or more shells.

14. Building closure (5) according to claim 13, characterized in that additional insulation elements (14) are provided inserted between the frame elements (1).

15. Building closure (5) according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the frame (13) is movably mounted in a casing (7), wherein the casing (7) is designed as a frame element according to one of claims 1 to 5.

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