Hybrid flotation tank

Abstract

The utility model relates to the chemical industry and environmental protection, and more particularly to a device for purifying wastewater by a method combining electroflotation and dissolved air flotation, and is intended for removing contaminants from wastewater in different sectors of industry. The technical result of the claimed utility model is an increase in the efficiency of wastewater purification. A hybrid flotation tank comprises a vertical cylindrical housing consisting of an outer shell, a middle shell and a smaller shell, which are connected by a conical base, the upper part of said housing containing an assembly for discharging clarified water from the space between the outer shell and the middle shell, and the smaller shell being equipped with an assembly for supplying wastewater for treatment, wherein the smaller shell has an agitator disposed in the base thereof, and an electrochemical reactor is also provided, which is in the form of a cylindrical vessel with a conical base, the vessel being equipped with an electrode unit and an assembly for supplying saturated water below the electrode unit, and disposed in the upper part of the housing, above the smaller shell and the middle shell, are a scraping mechanism and a screw conveyor.

Description

[0001] Hybrid flotation machine

[0002] AREA OF TECHNOLOGY

[0003] The utility model relates to the chemical industry and environmental protection, in particular to a device for purifying wastewater using a method combining electroflotation and pressure flotation, and is intended for extracting pollutants from wastewater in various industries.

[0004] LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY

[0005] A flotation apparatus disclosed in RU 111847 U1, published on 27.12.2011, is known from the prior art. The flotation apparatus comprises a housing, a flotation chamber, a flotation sludge chamber, and electrode blocks, characterized in that the flotation apparatus housing is provided with an inclined perforated partition, formed in the form of an inclined perforated surface, rigidly fixed in the upper part of the housing.

[0006] The disadvantage of the known flotation device is high energy consumption during the electroflotation process and the formation of deposits on the electrode blocks, leading to low efficiency in extracting pollutants from wastewater.

[0007] DISCLOSURE OF UTILITY MODEL

[0008] The objective of the claimed utility model is to develop a flotation device that ensures high efficiency of physical and chemical wastewater treatment.

[0009] The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment.

[0010] The said technical result is achieved due to the fact that the hybrid flotation unit contains a vertical cylindrical body made of an outer, middle and small shells connected by a conical base, wherein in the upper part of the said body there is a unit for discharging clarified water from the space between the outer and middle shells, the small shell is equipped with a unit for feeding waste water for treatment, wherein at the base of the small shell there is a mixer, and an electrochemical reactor is installed, which is a cylindrical container with a conical base, equipped with an electrode block and a unit for feeding saturated water under the electrode block, wherein in the upper part of the said body, above the small and middle shells, there is a scraper mechanism and a screw conveyor.

[0011] The electrochemical reactor is equipped with a sediment discharge unit.

[0012] An electrochemical reactor contains a block of electrodes consisting of a cathode and an insoluble anode.

[0013] The vertical cylindrical body of the flotation tank is equipped with a unit for feeding saturated water into the space between the small and middle shells.

[0014] 1

[0015] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) At the intersection of the conical base of the flotation tank with the small shell, pockets for collecting sediments are located.

[0016] The space between the outer and middle shells is equipped with vertical slats.

[0017] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The utility model will be more understandable from a description that is not limiting in nature and is given with reference to the accompanying drawings, which depict:

[0019] Fig. 1 - The declared flotation device

[0020] 1 - outer shell, 2 - middle shell, 3 - small shell, 4 - electrochemical reactor, 5 - electrode block, 6 - mixer, 7 - saturated water supply unit under the electrode block, 8 - saturated water supply unit between the middle and small shells, 9 - screw conveyor, 10 - scraper mechanism, 11 - wastewater supply unit, 12 - pocket for collecting sediments, 13 - unit for discharging sediments from pockets, 14 - unit for discharging flotation sludge, 15 - unit for discharging clarified water, 16 - unit for discharging sediments from the electrochemical reactor, 17 - vertical lamellas; 18 - surface of the flotation "mirror"

[0021] IMPLEMENTATION OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0022] The hybrid flotation unit comprises a vertical cylindrical body made of an outer (1), middle (2) and small (3) shells connected by a conical base, wherein in the upper part of said body there is a unit (15) for discharging clarified water from the space between the outer (1) and middle (2) shells, the small shell (3) is equipped with a unit (11) for feeding waste water for treatment, wherein at the base of the small shell (3) there is a mixer (6), and an electrochemical reactor (4) is installed, which is a cylindrical container with a conical base, equipped with an electrode block (5) and a unit (7) for feeding saturated water under the electrode block (5), wherein in the upper part of said body, above the small (3) and middle (2) shells, there is a scraper mechanism (10) and a screw conveyor (9).

[0023] The electrochemical reactor (4) is equipped with a sediment discharge unit (16).

[0024] In the electrochemical reactor (4) a block (5) of electrodes is installed, consisting of a cathode and an insoluble anode made, for example, of titanium coated with ruthenium or iridium oxide.

[0025] The vertical cylindrical body of the flotation device is equipped with a unit (8) for feeding saturated water into the space between the small (3) and middle (2) shells.

[0026] At the intersection of the conical base of the flotation tank with the small (3) shell, there are pockets (12) for collecting sediments and a sediment discharge unit 13.

[0027] 2

[0028] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) The space between the outer (2) and middle (3) shells is equipped with vertical slats (17).

[0029] The claimed device operates as follows.

[0030] Saturated water from the saturator, equivalent to 10-20% of the volume of the wastewater being treated, is fed into the space beneath the electrode block (5) through a saturated water supply unit (designed, for example, as a pipe with a valve) into the electrochemical reactor (4), equipped with an electrode block (5) consisting of a cathode and an insoluble anode. When voltage is applied to the electrodes, electrolysis of the saturated water occurs, producing electrolytic gases. The volume of electrolytic gases produced is regulated by the voltage applied to the electrode pair. In addition, as a result of decompression of saturated water due to the pressure difference in the saturator (4 - 7 bar) and flotation tank (0.1 - 0.2 bar), micro-bubbles of air are formed, which rise upward and pass between the electrodes, which ensures the removal of deposits on the electrodes (hardness salts on the cathode, polymer films on the anode), therefore, a reduction in deposits on the electrodes is ensured.In the presence of chloride ions in saturated water, during electrolysis in the electrochemical reactor (item 4), oxidation-reduction reactions occur with the formation of chlorine, chlorine dioxide, hypochlorous acid, hydrogen peroxide, etc., which are capable of additionally disinfecting wastewater and subjecting the organic substances contained in it to destructive oxidation.

[0031] Pre-treated wastewater, which has undergone preliminary treatment stages (normalization, coagulation, and flocculation), enters the small shell (3) of the vertical cylindrical body of the flotator through the wastewater inlet unit (11), which can be designed, for example, as a branch pipe with a shutter. Electrolytic gases and air microbubbles enter the small shell (3) of the vertical cylindrical body of the flotator, where electrolytic gases and air microbubbles enter from the electrochemical reactor (4), located at the base of the small shell (3). As a result of mixing the pre-treated wastewater containing flocculant, electrolytic gases, and air microbubbles using a stirrer (6), a dispersed phase is formed in the form of gas-saturated floccules, the density of which is significantly lower than the density of the wastewater.At the top of the conical part of the electrochemical reactor (4) there is a unit (16) for discharging sediments from the electrochemical reactor (4), for example in the form of a valve, which ensures the discharge of heavy mechanical impurities contained in the pre-treated wastewater.

[0032] Gas-saturated floccules rise up inside the small shell (3), and then enter the space between the small (3) and middle (2) shells, into the said space through the unit (8) for feeding saturated water between the middle and small shells.

[0033] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Saturated water from the saturator is fed to the shells (at the base of the middle shell) in a volume of 10-20% of the volume of the liquid being purified. In the space between the small (3) and middle (2) shells, flotation occurs, producing clarified (relatively clean) wastewater and sludge, a layer of which concentrates on the surface (18) of the flotation mirror. As a result of decompression of saturated water due to the difference in pressure in the saturator (4 - 7 bar) and the flotator (0.1 - 0.2 bar), air microbubbles are formed in the specified space, which, rising upward, contribute to the rise of gas-saturated floccules to the surface (18) of the “mirror” of the flotator, on which a sludge layer is formed during the flotation process, and also prevent gas-saturated floccules from entering the space between the middle (2) and outer (1) shells, which ensures an increase in the efficiency of wastewater treatment.At the intersection of the flotation tank's conical base and the small shell (3), pockets (12) are arranged to collect heavy contaminants that do not participate in the flotation process and settle to the flotation tank's conical bottom, from where they fall into pockets (12) for sediment collection. Pockets (12) are equipped with a sediment discharge unit (13), for example, in the form of a gate for periodic discharge of sediments (heavy contaminants) from pockets (12).

[0034] Clarified wastewater from the space between the small (3) and middle (2) shells enters the space between the middle (2) and outer (1) shells and then, through the clarified water discharge unit (15), enters the storage tank. The space between the outer (1) and middle (2) shells is equipped with vertical lamellas that ensure a laminar flow of clarified water, which facilitates the separation of suspended solids that did not settle to the bottom of the electrochemical reactor (4) and did not participate in the flotation process between the small (3) and middle (2) shells, thereby increasing the efficiency of purification.

[0035] Using the scraper plates of the scraper mechanism (10), located above the small (3) and middle (2) shells, the flotation sludge is collected from the surface (18) of the flotation mirror (18), formed by the middle shell (2) and the liquid level in the flotation tank, and the flotation sludge is discharged into the screw conveyor, which directs the flotation sludge into the storage tank through the discharge unit (14).

[0036] The utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a specific embodiment. Other embodiments of the utility model may be obvious to those skilled in the art that do not alter its essence as disclosed in this description. Accordingly, the utility model should be considered limited in scope only by the following claims.

[0037] 4

[0038] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims

FORMULA OF A UTILITY MODEL 1. A hybrid flotation unit comprising a vertical cylindrical body made of an outer, middle and small shells connected by a conical base, wherein in the upper part of said body there is a unit for discharging clarified water from the space between the outer and middle shells, the small shell is equipped with a unit for feeding wastewater for treatment, wherein at the base of the small shell there is a mixer, and an electrochemical reactor is also installed, which is a cylindrical container with a conical base, equipped with an electrode block and a unit for feeding saturated water under the electrode block, wherein in the upper part of said body, above the small and middle shells, there is a scraper mechanism and a screw conveyor.

2. A hybrid flotation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrochemical reactor is equipped with a sediment discharge unit.

3. A hybrid flotation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a block of electrodes consisting of a cathode and an insoluble anode is installed in the electrochemical reactor.

4. A hybrid flotation tank according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the vertical cylindrical body of the flotation tank is equipped with a unit for feeding saturated water into the space between the small and middle shells.

5. A hybrid flotation tank according to claim 1, characterized in that at the intersection of the conical base of the flotation tank with the small shell there are pockets for collecting sediments.

6. A hybrid flotation tank according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the space between the outer and middle shells is equipped with vertical lamellas. 5 SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

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