Long-acting antimicrobial and antiviral building coating and preparation method therefor

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a long-acting antimicrobial and antiviral building coating and a preparation method therefor. The building coating is formed by mixing an inorganic antimicrobial material, a cationic resin emulsion, a pigment, an inorganic filler, deionized water, a dispersing agent, a defoaming agent, a thickening agent, and a film-forming auxiliary. The present invention exhibits a safe, efficient and broad-spectrum antimicrobial and antiviral effect by means of a synergistic effect of various components using the inorganic antimicrobial material as a functional filler, and shows long-acting and fast antimicrobial and antiviral characteristics using the cationic resin emulsion as a film-forming material. The obtained antimicrobial and antiviral building coating requires a small addition amount of an antimicrobial agent, can maintain the antimicrobial effect for a long time, satisfies the need for safe, environmentally friendly, and long-acting effects, and is suitable for building exterior walls and indoor coating applications.

Description

Long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating and preparation method thereof Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of coatings, and in particular relates to a long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Studies have shown that 80% of common infections (such as colds, flu, diarrhea, etc.) are spread by people coming into contact with contaminated surfaces. Antibacterial and antiviral coatings are a type of surface functional coating that uses physical modification or chemical changes to interfere with cell membranes to prevent the growth of harmful and pathogenic microorganisms, and can play an important role in maintaining health and prevention. In recent years, the technical approaches to antibacterial and antiviral coatings mainly include the following two types: additive type and synthetic structure type. Among them, the addition of inorganic antibacterial and antiviral materials has the advantages of broad spectrum, long-term effectiveness and high safety, and will not cause bacteria and viruses to develop drug resistance, but there are problems such as high cost, complex process, and insufficient long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral effects of some products. In addition, inorganic antibacterial agents have the problem of loss during long-term use. Since it is difficult to control their release dosage, excess antibacterial metal ions will have an impact on the environment. For example, the emission of silver ions is controlled below 50ppb in the United States.

[0003] Quaternary ammonium salt antimicrobials are a class of inexpensive, readily available, and highly effective organic antimicrobial agents. By grafting quaternary ammonium salt precursors into the structure of emulsions or resins, they serve as the primary film-forming agent in coating systems. A higher content of these agents can enhance their efficacy and provide coatings with improved long-lasting effectiveness. Architectural coatings prepared with acrylic emulsions modified with quaternary ammonium salts are suitable for use in a variety of applications, from public spaces such as schools, office buildings, restaurants, and hospitals to residential buildings, providing long-term protection from pathogenic microorganisms. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention is proposed to solve the defects of the existing technology, such as poor antibacterial and antiviral effects of coatings, inability to effectively resist a large number of bacteria and viruses in the environment, and inability to maintain long-term antiviral effects. Its purpose is to provide a long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating and a preparation method.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating, the components of the coating and the mass fractions of each component are as follows:

[0007] In the above technical solution, the long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating further includes 0.2 to 2 parts of a thickener.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the inorganic antibacterial material is a mixture of commercially available products, including inorganic non-metallic mineral-loaded nano-silver, inorganic non-metallic mineral-loaded nano-copper and inorganic non-metallic mineral-loaded nano-titanium dioxide.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the nano-copper supported by the inorganic non-metallic mineral is cuprous oxide with inorganic glass as the carrier, and has an average particle size of 2 to 5 microns; the nano-silver supported by the inorganic non-metallic mineral is nano-silver with zirconium phosphate as the carrier, and has an average particle size of 1 to 5 microns; the nano-titanium dioxide supported by the inorganic non-metallic mineral is nano-titanium dioxide with zirconium phosphate as the carrier, and has an average particle size of 20 to 50 nanometers.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the weight ratio of cuprous oxide, nano-silver and nano-titanium dioxide is 1:(0.5-1.5):(0.5-2).

[0011] In the above technical solution, the pigment is any one of rutile titanium dioxide and anatase titanium dioxide, or a combination of the two.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the inorganic filler is any one or a combination of talc, precipitated barium sulfate, kaolin or heavy calcium.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the dispersant is a commercially available polyoxyethylene ether nonionic dispersant.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the defoaming agent is a commercially available polyether-modified silicone defoaming agent.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the film-forming aid is dodecanoic acid ester.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the thickener is any one of commercially available polyurethane thickeners or cellulose thickeners, or a combination of both.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the cationic resin emulsion is a quaternary ammonium salt-modified acrylic emulsion; the reaction gel fraction of the cationic resin emulsion is less than 0.5, the emulsion Zeta potential value is between 40 and 60, and the water droplet contact angle of the emulsion coating is ≥80°.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the preparation method of the cationic resin emulsion comprises the following steps:

[0019] (i) deionized water and an emulsifier were mixed and stirred until the emulsifier was completely dissolved, and then the first mixed monomer was added. The temperature was raised to 80° C., and an initiator aqueous solution was slowly added dropwise. The mixture was reacted for 1 hour to form a pre-emulsion.

[0020] The first mixed monomer consists of methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and methylpropyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride;

[0021] (ii) slowly adding dropwise the second mixed monomer and the initiator aqueous solution to the pre-emulsion obtained in step (i), and keeping the mixture warm for 3 hours to obtain a cationic resin emulsion;

[0022] The second mixed monomer and initiator aqueous solution are added dropwise simultaneously from the two inlets of the glass flask, with the mixed monomer on one side and the initiator aqueous solution on the other side, and the speed of both sides is controlled to drip at the same time;

[0023] The second mixed monomer consists of methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, methylpropyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride, glycidyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate.

[0024] In the above technical solution, the emulsifier is a mixture of any one or more of dodecyltrimethyl chloride / ammonium bromide, hexadecyltrimethyl chloride / ammonium bromide, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether or fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the initiator is a mixture of any one or more of azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisbutylamidine hydrochloride, azobisisopropylimidazoline hydrochloride, dimethyl azobisisobutyrate or ammonium persulfate.

[0025] In the above technical solution, the mass ratio of the emulsifier to deionized water is 1:(25-35).

[0026] In the above technical solution, the mass ratio of the emulsifier to the first mixed monomer in step (i) is 1:(5-15).

[0027] In the above technical solution, the mass ratio of the added mass of the initiator in step (i) to the mass ratio of the first mixed monomer in step (i) is 1:(200-400).

[0028] In the above technical solution, the mass ratio of the added mass of the initiator in step (ii) to the mass ratio of the second mixed monomer in step (ii) is 1: (200-400).

[0029] In the above technical solution, the mass concentration of the initiator solution is 0.1% to 10%.

[0030] In the above technical solution, the mass ratio of the first mixed monomer to the second mixed monomer is 1:(1-5).

[0031] In the above technical solution, the mass ratio of methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, and methylpropyltrimethylammonium chloride in the first mixed monomer is 1:(0.5-5):(0.01-0.5). In the above technical solution, the mass ratio of methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, methylpropyltrimethylammonium chloride, glycidyl methacrylate, and hydroxyethyl acrylate in the second mixed monomer is 1:(0.5-5):(0.01-0.5):(0.1-1):(0.1-1).

[0032] A method for preparing a long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating comprises the following steps:

[0033] (i) adding deionized water, a dispersant, an inorganic antibacterial material, a pigment, a filler, and a defoaming agent into a clean dispersion tank, dispersing the mixture at a speed of 1500 rpm to 2500 rpm for 30 to 45 minutes, and obtaining a fineness of ≤40 μm to obtain component A;

[0034] (ii) Add cationic resin emulsion, film-forming aid, and defoaming agent to component A, and stir at a speed of 500 r / min to 1000 r / min for 10 to 15 minutes until the coating is uniformly mixed to obtain a long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating.

[0035] In the above technical solution, during the mixing process of steps (i) and (ii), whether to add a thickener is determined based on the actual product conditions and the surface conditions of the building to be used.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0037] The present invention provides a long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating and a preparation method thereof. The prepared architectural coating has good antibacterial and antiviral effects and can function for a long time. By comprehensively utilizing a variety of materials with antiviral effects, the antiviral effect of the coating is improved, while the amount of metal ions released is reduced, thereby improving the environmental friendliness and safety of the coating. By incorporating a quaternary ammonium salt-modified cationic resin emulsion, the antibacterial and antiviral functional groups are fixed to a polymer resin skeleton or side chains by chemical bond connection, thereby making the antibacterial and antiviral properties of the coating more durable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below through specific implementation methods.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] (1) Synthetic cationic resin emulsion E1

[0041] 1. Place 35 parts of deionized water, 0.5 parts of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and 1.1 parts of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (NP-40) in a three-necked glass flask, stir until the emulsifier is completely dissolved, then add the first mixed monomer (6 parts of methyl methacrylate, 5 parts of butyl acrylate and 0.8 parts of methylpropyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride), heat to 80°C, slowly add dropwise an initiator aqueous solution (an aqueous solution formed by 0.04 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile and 6 parts of water), and react for 1 hour to form a pre-emulsion;

[0042] 2. Maintain the temperature of the pre-emulsion at 80°C, and slowly add the second mixed monomer (17 parts of methyl methacrylate, 15 parts of butyl acrylate, 1.5 parts of methylpropyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride) and the initiator aqueous solution (an aqueous solution formed by 0.14 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile and 8 parts of water) on both sides simultaneously, and keep the reaction warm for 3 hours.

[0043] (2) Preparation of long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating C1

[0044] 1. Add 24 parts of deionized water, 1 part of dispersant TEGODispers740W, 3 parts of inorganic antibacterial material, 15 parts of rutile titanium dioxide pigment, 15 parts of talc (1250 mesh), 15 parts of kaolin (800 mesh), 0.2 parts of Rhodia's 681F defoamer and 0.3 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose 250HBR thickener into a clean dispersion tank, disperse the above raw materials at a speed of 1500-2500 r / min for 30 min to 45 min, and detect the fineness ≤40 μm to obtain component A;

[0045] The inorganic antibacterial material includes cuprous oxide with inorganic glass as a carrier, nano-silver with zirconium phosphate as a carrier, and nano-titanium dioxide with zirconium phosphate as a carrier. The weight ratio of the cuprous oxide, nano-silver and nano-titanium dioxide is 1:1.2:1.5.

[0046] 2. Add 25 parts of the cationic resin emulsion (E1) synthesized in step (1), 1 part of a film-forming aid, and 0.1 part of Rhodia's 681F defoamer to component A, and stir at a speed of 500-1000 r / min for 10-15 minutes until the coating is evenly mixed.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] (1) Synthetic cationic resin emulsion E2

[0049] 1. Place 35 parts of deionized water, 0.8 parts of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and 0.8 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9) in a three-necked glass flask and stir until the emulsifier is completely dissolved. Then, add a mixed monomer of 6 parts of methyl methacrylate, 5 parts of butyl acrylate and 0.8 parts of methylpropyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride. Heat to 80°C and slowly add dropwise an aqueous solution of 0.04 parts of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile and 6 parts of water. React for 1 hour to form a pre-emulsion.

[0050] 2. Maintain the temperature of the pre-emulsion at 80°C, and slowly dropwise add a mixed monomer of 14 parts of methyl methacrylate, 12 parts of butyl acrylate, 1.5 parts of methylpropyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, 1 part of glycidyl methacrylate and 5 parts of hydroxyethyl acrylate, and an aqueous solution formed by 0.14 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator and 8 parts of water on both sides. Keep warm and react for 3 hours to obtain the product.

[0051] (2) Preparation of long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating C2

[0052] 1. Add 24 parts of deionized water, 0.8 parts of dispersant TEGODispers740W, 3 parts of inorganic antibacterial material, 15 parts of rutile titanium dioxide pigment, 15 parts of talc (1250 mesh) and 15 parts of kaolin (800 mesh), 0.2 parts of Rhodia's 681F defoamer, and 0.3 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose 250HBR thickener into a clean dispersion tank, and disperse the above raw materials at a speed of 1500-2500 r / min for 30-45 minutes. The fineness is detected to be ≤40 μm to obtain component A; wherein the inorganic antibacterial material includes cuprous oxide with inorganic glass as a carrier, nanosilver with zirconium phosphate as a carrier, and nanotitanium dioxide with zirconium phosphate as a carrier, and the weight ratio of the cuprous oxide, nanosilver and nanotitanium dioxide is 1:1.2:1.5.

[0053] 2. Add 25 parts of the cationic resin emulsion (E2) synthesized in (1), 1 part of a film-forming aid, 0.1 parts of Rhodia's 681F defoamer, and 0.2 parts of TEGO3060 thickener to component A, and stir at a speed of 500-1000 r / min for 10-15 minutes until the coating is evenly mixed.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] (1) Synthetic cationic resin emulsion E3

[0056] 1. Place 35 parts of deionized water, 0.8 parts of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and 0.8 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-9) in a three-necked glass flask and stir until the emulsifier is completely dissolved. Then, add a mixed monomer of 6 parts of methyl methacrylate, 5 parts of butyl acrylate and 0.8 parts of methylpropyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride. Heat to 80°C and slowly add dropwise an aqueous solution of 0.04 parts of initiator azobisisobutyronitrile and 6 parts of water. React for 1 hour to form a pre-emulsion.

[0057] 2. Maintain the temperature of the pre-emulsion at 80°C, and slowly dropwise add a mixed monomer of 13 parts of methyl methacrylate, 11 parts of butyl acrylate, 3.5 parts of methylpropyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, 1 part of glycidyl methacrylate and 5 parts of hydroxyethyl acrylate, and an aqueous solution formed by 0.14 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator and 8 parts of water on both sides. Keep warm and react for 3 hours to obtain the product.

[0058] (2) Preparation of long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating C3

[0059] 1. Add 24 parts of deionized water, 0.8 parts of dispersant TEGODispers740W, 5 parts of inorganic antibacterial material, 15 parts of rutile titanium dioxide pigment, 15 parts of talc (1250 mesh) and 15 parts of kaolin (800 mesh), 0.2 parts of Rhodia's 681F defoamer and 0.3 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose 250HBR thickener into a clean dispersion tank, disperse the above raw materials at a speed of 1500-2500 r / min for 30-45 minutes, and detect the fineness of ≤40 μm to obtain component A; wherein the inorganic antibacterial material includes cuprous oxide with inorganic glass as a carrier, nanosilver with zirconium phosphate as a carrier, and nanotitanium dioxide with zirconium phosphate as a carrier, and the weight ratio of the cuprous oxide, nanosilver and nanotitanium dioxide is 1:1.2:1.5.

[0060] 2. Add 25 parts of the cationic resin emulsion (E3) synthesized in (1), 1 part of a film-forming aid, 0.1 parts of Rhodia's 681F defoamer, and 0.2 parts of TEGO3060 thickener to component A, and stir at a speed of 500-1000 r / min for 10-15 minutes until the coating is evenly mixed.

[0061] Comparative Example 1

[0062] According to the pigment-to-binder ratio of the coating in the embodiment, a conventional interior wall coating was prepared using a commonly used styrene acrylic emulsion without adding inorganic antibacterial materials.

[0063] 1. Add 32 parts of deionized water, 0.8 parts of dispersant, 0.1 parts of wetting agent, 15 parts of rutile titanium dioxide pigment, 15 parts of talc (1250 mesh), 13 parts of kaolin (800 mesh), 0.1 parts of defoamer, and 0.2 parts of thickener into a clean dispersion tank. Disperse the above raw materials at a speed of 1500-2500 r / min for 30-45 minutes. The fineness is detected to be ≤40 μm to obtain component A.

[0064] 2. Add 23 parts of styrene acrylic emulsion, 0.8 parts of film-forming aid, 0.1 parts of defoaming agent, 0.1 parts of thickener and 0.1 parts of fungicide to component A and stir at a speed of 500-1000r / min for 10-15 minutes until the coating is evenly mixed.

[0065] Comparative Example 2

[0066] According to the pigment-to-binder ratio of the coating in the example, a conventional interior wall coating was prepared using a commonly used styrene acrylic emulsion, and an inorganic antibacterial material was added as in Example 1.

[0067] 1. Add 32 parts of deionized water, 0.8 parts of dispersant, 0.1 parts of wetting agent, 3 parts of inorganic antibacterial material, 15 parts of rutile titanium dioxide pigment, 15 parts of talc (1250 mesh), 10 parts of kaolin (800 mesh), 0.1 parts of defoamer, and 0.2 parts of thickener into a clean dispersion tank. Disperse the above raw materials at a speed of 1500-2500 r / min for 30-45 minutes. The fineness is detected to be ≤40 μm to obtain component A.

[0068] 2. Add 23 parts of styrene acrylic emulsion, 0.8 parts of film-forming aid, 0.1 parts of defoaming agent, 0.1 parts of thickener and 0.1 parts of fungicide to component A and stir at a speed of 500-1000r / min for 10-15 minutes until the coating is evenly mixed.

[0069] In the present invention, the indicators of the architectural coatings obtained in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 are as follows:

[0070] Table 1 compares the various indicators of the cationic resin emulsions obtained in Examples 1-3:

[0071] Table 2 compares the various indicators of the antibacterial and antiviral architectural coatings obtained in Examples 1-3 and the architectural coatings of Comparative Examples 1-2, wherein the antibacterial and antibacterial durability properties are tested according to HG / T3950-2007 "Antibacterial Coatings", and the antiviral and antiviral durability properties are tested according to T / CNCIA03002-2020 "Test Method for Antiviral Performance of Coatings (Paint Films)":

[0072] As can be seen from Table 1, Examples 1, 2, and 3 all yield stable cationic resin emulsions with gel fractions less than 5% (the gel fraction is the ratio of the weight of the gel produced by the reaction to the weight of all monomers). These emulsions exhibit excellent stability and small particle sizes. Example 2 improves the water resistance of the coating by adding crosslinking monomers glycidyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate, based on Example 1. At appropriate dosages, the water droplet contact angle of the coating reaches 91.0°, but the synthetic stability is somewhat reduced. Example 3 increases the amount of the functional monomer methylpropyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, based on Example 2, to improve the zeta potential of the emulsion and achieve the desired stability. However, the water droplet contact angle of the emulsion coating decreases, and the water resistance of the paint film also decreases. Controlling the amount of functional monomers to a certain level can simultaneously meet the water resistance and synthetic stability requirements of architectural coatings.

[0073] Table 2 shows that while Comparative Example 2 adds an inorganic antimicrobial material to Comparative Example 1, while its antibacterial and antiviral properties are enhanced, it still fails to meet the requirements of the relevant standards. The antimicrobial and antiviral architectural coatings obtained in Examples 1, 2, and 3 all exhibit superior antimicrobial and antiviral performance compared to the conventional architectural coatings obtained in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, meeting the relevant technical specifications. Due to the high amount of functional monomers added to the cationic emulsion, the content of effective antimicrobial groups per unit area in Example 3 is higher, resulting in a coating with improved antimicrobial and antiviral efficacy and durability. The kill rate after 24 hours also reaches over 99%, demonstrating effective and long-lasting antimicrobial and antiviral efficacy.

[0074] Because different viruses and bacteria have different sizes and structures, different mechanisms of action, and a complex variety of species, a comprehensive approach to multiple technologies is required to ensure rapid onset of antibacterial and antiviral effects and long-term activity. This invention utilizes positively charged silver and copper ions adsorbed on a porous material to contact the negatively charged surfaces of bacteria and viruses, disrupting their surface structures and causing their contents to flow out, achieving antibacterial and antiviral effects. Furthermore, photocatalytic nano-titanium dioxide adsorbed on the porous material generates free radicals with superoxide activity, which can kill bacteria and viruses across a broad spectrum, further improving the coating's antibacterial and antiviral efficiency and applicability, while also reducing the amount of metal ions released and enhancing the coating's environmental friendliness and safety.

[0075] Quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial agents are relatively inexpensive, readily available, and relatively efficient organic antibacterial agents. The present invention uses polymerization to polymerize quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial monomers onto the main chain of acrylic emulsion molecules, overcoming the volatilization and elution characteristics of small molecule organic antibacterial agents, thereby achieving long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral effects and solving the problem of decreased antibacterial and antiviral activity during long-term use of coatings.

[0076] The applicant declares that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

1. A long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating, characterized by: The components of the coating and the mass fractions of each component are as follows:

2. The long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic antibacterial material comprises nano copper supported by inorganic non-metallic minerals, nano silver supported by inorganic non-metallic minerals and nano titanium dioxide supported by inorganic non-metallic minerals.

3. The long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nano-copper supported by the inorganic non-metallic mineral is cuprous oxide with inorganic glass as the carrier, and has an average particle size of 2 to 5 microns; the nano-silver supported by the inorganic non-metallic mineral is nano-silver with zirconium phosphate as the carrier, and has an average particle size of 1 to 5 microns; the nano-titanium dioxide supported by the inorganic non-metallic mineral is nano-titanium dioxide with zirconium phosphate as the carrier, and has an average particle size of 20 to 50 nanometers.

4. The long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating according to claim 3, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the cuprous oxide, nano-silver and nano-titanium dioxide is 1: (0.5-1.5): (0.5-2).

5. The long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pigment is any one of rutile titanium dioxide or anatase titanium dioxide or a combination of two; the inorganic filler is any one of talc, precipitated barium sulfate, kaolin or heavy calcium carbonate or a combination of several thereof; the dispersant is a polyoxyethylene ether nonionic dispersant; the defoamer is a polyether-modified silicone defoamer; and the film-forming aid is dodecanoic acid ester.

6. The long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cationic resin emulsion is a quaternary ammonium salt modified acrylic emulsion; the reaction gel rate of the cationic resin emulsion is less than 0.5, the emulsion Zeta potential value is between 40 and 60, and the water drop contact angle of the emulsion coating is ≥80°.

7. The long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation method of the cationic resin emulsion comprises the following steps: (i) deionized water and an emulsifier were mixed and stirred until the emulsifier was completely dissolved, and then the first mixed monomer was added. The temperature was raised to 80° C., and an initiator aqueous solution was slowly added dropwise. The mixture was reacted for 1 hour to form a pre-emulsion. The first mixed monomer consists of methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and methylpropyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride; (ii) slowly adding dropwise the second mixed monomer and the initiator aqueous solution to the pre-emulsion obtained in step (i), and keeping the mixture warm for 3 hours to obtain a cationic resin emulsion; The second mixed monomer consists of methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, methylpropyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride, glycidyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate.

8. The long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating according to claim 7, characterized in that: The emulsifier is a mixture of any one or more of dodecyltrimethyl chloride / ammonium bromide, hexadecyltrimethyl chloride / ammonium bromide, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether or fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; the initiator is a mixture of any one or more of azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisbutylamidine hydrochloride, azobisisopropylimidazoline hydrochloride, dimethyl azobisisobutyrate or ammonium persulfate.

9. The long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the emulsifier to deionized water is 1:(25-35); The mass ratio of the emulsifier to the first mixed monomer in step (i) is 1:(5-15); The mass ratio of the added mass of the initiator in step (i) to the mass ratio of the first mixed monomer in step (i) is 1:(200-400); The mass ratio of the added mass of the initiator in the step (ii) to the mass ratio of the second mixed monomer in the step (ii) is 1: (200-400); The mass concentration of the initiator solution is 0.1% to 10%; The mass ratio of the first mixed monomer to the second mixed monomer is 1:(1-5); The mass ratio of methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and methylpropyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride in the first mixed monomer is 1: (0.5-5): (0.01-0.5); The mass ratio of methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, methylpropyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride, glycidyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate in the second mixed monomer is 1: (0.5-5): (0.01-0.5): (0.1-1): (0.1-1).

10. A method for preparing a long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating, characterized by: The following steps are involved: (i) mixing and dispersing deionized water, a dispersant, an inorganic antibacterial material, a pigment, a filler, and a defoamer to a fineness of ≤40 μm to obtain component A; (ii) adding cationic resin emulsion, film-forming aid and defoaming agent to component A obtained in step (i), stirring until the coating is uniformly mixed to obtain a long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral architectural coating.

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