Energy storage device and energy system

Abstract

An energy storage device and an energy system, which can increase energy density while reducing transport costs. The energy storage device comprises: a case body (210), the inside of which is a hollow structure; and a plurality of batteries (221), which are arranged in the hollow structure, the batteries (221) in the same row or the same column being divided into a plurality of battery clusters (220) connected in parallel, and each of the battery clusters (220) comprising at least one battery (221).

Description

Energy storage device and energy system TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, and in particular to an energy storage device and an energy system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the background of increasing support for the development of new energy technologies worldwide, various technologies related to energy storage have been widely applied. The performance of energy storage devices has a great influence on their development. Therefore, how to improve the performance of energy storage devices is a problem to be solved.

[0003] SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide an energy storage device and an energy system, which can improve the energy density while reducing the transportation cost.

[0005] In a first aspect, an energy storage device is provided, comprising: a box body, which is internally hollow; a plurality of batteries, which are arranged in the hollow structure, and the batteries in the same row or the same column are divided into a plurality of battery clusters in parallel, and each battery cluster comprises at least one battery.

[0006] In the embodiments of the present application, the batteries in a row or a column are divided into a plurality of battery clusters in parallel. This arrangement of battery clusters can on the one hand better decompose large-capacity energy storage devices, i.e., improve the energy density of the energy storage device; on the other hand, the size of the energy storage device can be made to a standard size, thereby reducing the transportation cost of the energy storage device. That is, the embodiments of the present application are conducive to the standardization of the energy storage device and the reduction of the transportation cost.

[0007] In addition, the temperature of each battery in each battery cluster is different. The more the number of batteries in a battery cluster, the greater the temperature difference of the batteries in the battery cluster, or the greater the distance between two batteries, the greater the temperature difference between the two batteries. In the embodiments of the present application, the batteries in a row or a column are divided into a plurality of battery clusters in parallel. In this way, the number of batteries in each battery cluster will be relatively reduced or the distance between different batteries will be relatively reduced, thereby effectively reducing the temperature difference in the cluster and improving the efficiency of temperature management.

[0008] In some possible implementation manners, the energy storage device further comprises a control box, wherein the plurality of battery clusters are electrically connected to the same control box.

[0009] The above technical solution is that the plurality of battery clusters are electrically connected to the same control box, that is, the plurality of branches are converged to one control box. On the one hand, the number of wiring harnesses or structural members can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost, and the installation and subsequent maintenance are easier and faster. On the other hand, the number of control boxes can be reduced, thereby not only effectively reducing the cost of the energy storage device, but also reducing the space occupied by the control boxes inside the energy storage device, such as saving the size space arrangement in the height direction of the box body.

[0010] In some possible implementation manners, the energy storage device further includes: a plurality of control boxes, and the plurality of battery clusters are respectively electrically connected to different control boxes.

[0011] The above technical solution is that the plurality of battery clusters are respectively electrically connected to different control boxes, which is simple and convenient to control.

[0012] In some possible implementation manners, all the control boxes are arranged at the bottom of the plurality of battery clusters, the bottom being below the plurality of battery clusters in the case that the energy storage device is in a use state; or all the control boxes are arranged between at least two adjacent battery clusters of the plurality of battery clusters; or all the control boxes are arranged at the top of the plurality of battery clusters, the top being above the plurality of battery clusters in the case that the energy storage device is in the use state.

[0013] The above technical solution is that all the control boxes are arranged at the bottom of the plurality of battery clusters. On the one hand, since the busbar components are usually arranged at the bottom, the control boxes can be more easily connected to the busbar components, thereby reducing the cost of the energy storage device. On the other hand, the operation and later maintenance of the control boxes by construction personnel are facilitated. All the control boxes are arranged between at least two adjacent battery clusters of the plurality of battery clusters, thereby effectively shortening the path of the connection lines between the control boxes and the corresponding battery clusters. All the control boxes are arranged at the top of the plurality of battery clusters, so that the control boxes can absorb the heat of the external environment, thereby reducing the possibility of the battery being exposed to the sun and reducing a series of adverse effects caused by the temperature rise of the battery, such as thermal runaway.

[0014] In some possible implementation manners, part of the plurality of control boxes are arranged at the bottom or the top of the plurality of battery clusters, and the other part of the control boxes are arranged between two adjacent battery clusters of the plurality of battery clusters, the bottom being below the plurality of battery clusters in the case that the energy storage device is in a use state, and the top being above the plurality of battery clusters in the case that the energy storage device is in the use state.

[0015] The technical solution sets part of the control boxes at the bottom or top of the plurality of battery clusters, and sets another part of the control boxes between at least two adjacent battery clusters, thereby improving the flexibility of the setting mode of the control boxes, and enabling the energy storage device to be applied to more scenes.

[0016] In some possible implementation manners, one of the control boxes includes a number of control units equal to the number of the electrically connected battery clusters, and the control units are used for controlling the corresponding battery clusters.

[0017] The technical solution sets the number of control units included in one control box to be equal to the number of the electrically connected battery clusters, thereby facilitating the control of the corresponding battery clusters by the control box and reducing the probability of control errors.

[0018] In some possible implementation manners, each of the battery clusters includes a plurality of batteries, and the energy storage device further includes a thermal management assembly connected to each of the batteries in the plurality of battery clusters, and used for adjusting the temperature of each of the batteries.

[0019] The technical solution is advantageous for regulating the temperature of the batteries by setting the thermal management assembly connected to each of the batteries.

[0020] In some possible implementation manners, the thermal management assembly includes a liquid cooling unit, a main liquid inlet pipeline connected to a liquid outlet of the liquid cooling unit, a main liquid return pipeline connected to a liquid inlet of the liquid cooling unit, and a plurality of sub-pipelines; the plurality of sub-pipelines are connected in parallel to the main liquid inlet pipeline and the main liquid return pipeline, and each of the plurality of sub-pipelines is connected to each of the batteries, wherein the cooling medium output by the liquid cooling unit flows into the sub-pipeline through the main liquid inlet pipeline, and the cooling medium exchanges heat with the corresponding battery, and then flows out of the sub-pipeline to the main liquid return pipeline and enters the liquid cooling unit.

[0021] The technical solution connects the liquid cooling unit to each of the batteries through the main liquid inlet pipeline, the main liquid return pipeline and the plurality of sub-pipelines, thereby realizing the temperature control between the clusters. Since one column of battery clusters or one row of battery clusters includes a plurality of battery clusters, the path of the liquid cooling pipeline through the batteries in each battery cluster is significantly shortened, the flow rate of the cooling medium is uniform, the temperature between the batteries in the cluster is further reduced, and the efficiency of the entire energy system is improved.

[0022] In some possible implementation manners, the heat management assembly comprises a liquid cooling unit, a total liquid inlet pipeline connected with an outlet of the liquid cooling unit, a total liquid return pipeline connected with an inlet of the liquid cooling unit, a plurality of main liquid inlet pipelines connected with the total liquid inlet pipeline, a plurality of main liquid return pipelines connected with the total liquid return pipeline, and a plurality of sub pipelines; the plurality of sub pipelines are connected in parallel with the main liquid inlet pipelines and the main liquid return pipelines, and each of the plurality of sub pipelines is connected with each of the batteries respectively, wherein the cooling medium output by the liquid cooling unit flows into one of the plurality of main liquid inlet pipelines through the total liquid inlet pipeline, and then flows into the corresponding sub pipeline through the one main liquid inlet pipeline, and after heat exchange with the corresponding battery, the cooling medium flows out of the corresponding sub pipeline to one of the main liquid return pipelines corresponding to the one main liquid inlet pipeline, and then flows into the total liquid return pipeline to enter the liquid cooling unit.

[0023] The above technical solution connects the liquid cooling unit to each battery through the total pipeline, the main liquid inlet pipeline, the main liquid return pipeline and the plurality of sub pipelines, thereby realizing temperature control among clusters. Since one column of battery clusters or one row of battery clusters comprises a plurality of battery clusters, the path of the liquid cooling pipeline through the batteries in each battery cluster is significantly shortened, the flow rate of the cooling medium is uniform, the temperature between the batteries in the cluster is further reduced, and the efficiency of the entire energy system is improved.

[0024] In some possible implementation manners, the plurality of batteries in each battery cluster are connected in series. In this way, the voltage of the battery cluster can be increased.

[0025] In some possible implementation manners, the energy storage device further comprises an electrical compartment, a first partition wall and a second partition wall, and the electrical compartment is internally provided with electrical components; wherein the electrical components and the heat management assembly are respectively arranged on two sides of the first partition wall, and the electrical components and the heat management assembly are arranged on the same side of the second partition wall, and the plurality of batteries are arranged on the different side of the second partition wall from the electrical components and the heat management assembly.

[0026] The above technical solution arranges the first partition wall and the second partition wall, and respectively arranges the electrical components and the heat management assembly on two sides of the first partition wall, and arranges the electrical components and the heat management assembly on the same side of the second partition wall, and arranges the plurality of batteries on the other side of the second partition wall, thereby reducing the occupied area of the energy storage device on one hand, and on the other hand, the second partition wall separates the electrical components and the heat management assembly from the plurality of batteries, which is conducive to improving the stability of the temperature of the battery compartment and enabling the entire energy storage device to operate stably.

[0027] In some possible implementation manners, the energy storage device further comprises a battery rack, and the plurality of batteries are placed on the battery rack.

[0028] The technical scheme has the battery rack arranged in the energy storage device for placing the batteries, facilitates the placement of the batteries in the energy storage device, improves the stability of the batteries, and reduces the possibility of displacement or shaking of the batteries during transportation or movement of the energy storage device.

[0029] In some possible implementation manners, the plurality of batteries includes four columns of batteries, each column of batteries is divided into two battery clusters arranged side by side, each battery cluster includes four batteries, and each battery includes 104 battery monomers connected in series.

[0030] In the above technical scheme, the arrangement mode of the battery clusters is a four-column eight-cluster arrangement mode, which can better decompose a 6MWh large-capacity energy storage device.

[0031] In a second aspect, an energy system is provided, including a plurality of energy storage devices in the first aspect or each implementation manner thereof, wherein a first wall of each of the plurality of boxes is provided with a box door, and the first wall is a wall of the each of the boxes that is away from an adjacent box.

[0032] In the technical scheme, the box door of the energy storage device is arranged on the wall of each of the boxes that is away from an adjacent box, which facilitates later maintenance on one hand, and on the other hand, is conducive to heat dissipation to a certain extent, occupies small space, and does not need to reserve extra space for opening of the box door.

[0033] In a third aspect, an energy storage system is provided, including: N sub-battery systems, one of the N sub-battery systems including one or more battery clusters, the N sub-battery systems individually performing energy input or output, wherein N is an integer and N≥2; and one total control unit configured to monitor state information of the N sub-battery systems, the state information including one or more of current information, voltage information, power information, or temperature information.

[0034] In some possible implementation manners, the energy storage system further includes: one bidirectional current conversion module, the N sub-battery systems being connected in parallel and connected with the one bidirectional current conversion module, N being an integer and N≥2; or

[0035] N bidirectional current conversion modules, the N bidirectional current conversion modules being connected with the N sub-battery systems respectively, N being an integer and N≥2.

[0036] In some possible implementation manners, the N sub-battery systems include a first sub-battery system and a second sub-battery system, the first sub-battery system includes at least one battery cluster, the second sub-battery system includes at least one battery cluster, and each battery cluster includes at least one battery.

[0037] In some possible implementation manners, the 1 thermal management module is further configured to adjust the temperature of the N sub-battery systems, respectively.

[0038] In some possible implementation manners, the energy storage system includes two sub-battery systems, the two sub-battery systems are arranged side by side along the length direction of the energy storage system, each of the two sub-battery systems includes 2 columns of batteries, each column of batteries includes 2 battery clusters, the battery clusters are connected in parallel, and the batteries in the battery cluster are connected in series.

[0039] In a fourth aspect, a micro-grid system is provided, including the energy storage system in the third aspect or implementation manners thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] FIG. 1 shows an external schematic diagram of an energy storage container according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of a battery monomer according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0045] FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] FIG. 7 shows a structural schematic diagram of a thermal management assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0047] FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of an energy system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0050] FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0052] FIG. 13 shows a schematic diagram of another battery system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0053] FIG. 14 shows a schematic diagram of still another battery system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0054] FIG. 15 shows a schematic diagram of a micro-grid system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the description herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The use herein of terms such as "comprise", "comprises", "comprising", "containing", "contains", "contain" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that these terms are used in their broadest context to include a variety of embodiments. The use herein of terms such as "first", "second" and the like does not imply any particular order but is used for naming purposes only.

[0057] The orientation words appearing in the following description are the directions shown in the drawings, and are not intended to limit the specific structure of the present application. In the description of the present application, it should be further explained that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0058] Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are they necessarily all directed to the same embodiment, or to a single alternative embodiment. It is expressly understood that any of the embodiments of the application described herein are combinable with each other.

[0059] "Multiple" appearing in the present application refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0060] With the popularization and application of new energy such as solar energy and wind energy, energy storage technology develops accordingly, and the performance of the energy storage device has a great influence on the development thereof.

[0061] The energy storage device can include one or more batteries. The battery can include a box body and one or more battery cells encapsulated by the box body. The plurality of battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid manner, where the hybrid manner refers to a mixture of series and parallel connection. In the embodiments of the present application, the battery can also be referred to as a battery pack or a battery module or a battery module.

[0062] The battery cell can be a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, a sodium lithium ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a sodium metal battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a magnesium ion battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a lead-acid battery, etc. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. The battery cell can be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid, or other shapes, etc. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0063] The battery cell generally includes an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. During the charging and discharging process of the battery cell, active ions (such as lithium ions) are embedded and extracted between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator is arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, which can prevent the positive and negative electrodes from short-circuiting, and at the same time allow the active ions to pass through.

[0064] In some embodiments, the positive electrode can be a positive electrode tab, which can include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material arranged on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.

[0065] As an example, the positive electrode current collector has two opposite surfaces in the thickness direction thereof, and the positive electrode active material is arranged on either one or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive electrode current collector.

[0066] As an example, the positive electrode current collector can adopt a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, silver surface treated aluminum or stainless steel, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, or titanium, etc. can be adopted. The composite current collector can include a high polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy, etc.) on a high polymer material base material (such as a base material of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0067] As an example, the positive electrode active material can include at least one of lithium-containing phosphates, lithium transition metal oxides, and modified compounds of each thereof. However, the present application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as a battery positive electrode active material can also be used. These positive electrode active materials can be used alone only one or two or more can be used in combination. Among them, examples of the lithium-containing phosphate can include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium iron phosphate (such as LiFePO4 (which can also be referred to as LFP)), a composite of lithium iron phosphate and carbon, lithium manganese phosphate (such as LiMnPO4), a composite of lithium manganese phosphate and carbon, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and a composite of lithium manganese iron phosphate and carbon.

[0068] In some embodiments, the negative electrode can be a negative electrode tab, which can include a negative electrode current collector.

[0069] As an example, the negative electrode current collector can employ a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, silver surface-treated aluminum or stainless steel, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, a carbon electrode, a carbon, nickel, or titanium, or the like can be employed. The composite current collector can include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (copper, copper alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy, or the like) on a polymer material base material (such as a base material of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, or the like).

[0070] As an example, the negative electrode tab can include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.

[0071] As an example, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite in the thickness direction thereof, and the negative electrode active material is disposed on any one or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0072] As an example, the negative electrode active material can employ a negative electrode active material for a battery cell known in the art. As an example, the negative electrode active material can include at least one of artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, lithium titanate, and the like.

[0073] In some embodiments, the negative electrode can employ a foamed metal. The foamed metal can be foamed nickel, foamed copper, foamed aluminum, foamed alloy, or foamed carbon, or the like. When the foamed metal is used as a negative electrode tab, the surface of the foamed metal can not be provided with a negative electrode active material, or of course can be provided with a negative electrode active material.

[0074] As an example, a lithium source material, which is lithium metal and / or a lithium-rich material, a potassium metal, or a sodium metal can also be filled and / or deposited in the negative electrode current collector.

[0075] In some embodiments, the material of the positive current collector can be aluminum, and the material of the negative current collector can be copper.

[0076] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly further comprises a separator, which is arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0077] In some embodiments, the separator is a separator film. The type of the separator film is not particularly limited in the present application, and any known porous structure separator film with good chemical stability and mechanical stability can be selected.

[0078] For example, the main material of the separator film can be selected from at least one of glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride, and ceramic.

[0079] In some embodiments, the separator is a solid-state electrolyte. The solid-state electrolyte is arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and simultaneously functions as ion transmission and separation of the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0080] In some embodiments, the battery cell further comprises an electrolyte, which functions as ion conduction between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The type of the electrolyte is not particularly limited in the present application, and can be selected according to the requirement. The electrolyte can be in a liquid state, a gel state, or a solid state.

[0081] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is in a roll structure. The positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are rolled into the roll structure.

[0082] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is in a stack structure.

[0083] For example, a plurality of positive electrode sheets and a plurality of negative electrode sheets can be arranged alternately.

[0084] For example, a plurality of positive electrode sheets can be arranged, and the negative electrode sheet is folded to form a plurality of folded segments arranged in layers, and one positive electrode sheet is clamped between adjacent folded segments.

[0085] For example, the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are both folded to form a plurality of folded segments arranged in layers.

[0086] For example, a plurality of separators can be arranged between any adjacent positive electrode sheets or negative electrode sheets.

[0087] For example, the separators can be arranged continuously and arranged between any adjacent positive electrode sheets or negative electrode sheets by folding or rolling.

[0088] In some embodiments, the shape of the electrode assembly can be cylindrical, flat, or polygonal, etc.

[0089] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is provided with tabs, which can conduct current out of the electrode assembly. The tabs include positive tabs and negative tabs.

[0090] Generally, only one battery cluster is arranged in one row or one column in the energy storage device. The energy density of the energy storage device is improved year by year, and the single energy storage device can integrate 3MWh of electricity, and can develop to integrate 4MWh, 5MWh or even 6MWh of electricity. With the increase of the capacity of the energy storage device and the capacity of the battery cell, the arrangement of the battery in the energy storage device may not meet the development trend of the energy storage device. Specifically, if the energy storage device needs to integrate a large amount of electricity, the capacity and the number of battery cells need to be increased. If the capacity and the number of battery cells are increased, the voltage of one battery cluster may exceed 1500V, thereby not meeting the voltage output requirement. In addition, the size of the current energy storage device is mostly non-standard size, which will affect the transportation cost to some extent.

[0091] In view of this, the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of the present application includes a box body and a plurality of batteries. The box body is a hollow structure, and the plurality of batteries are arranged in the hollow structure. The batteries in the same row or the same column are divided into a plurality of battery clusters in parallel, and each battery cluster includes at least one battery. The arrangement of the battery clusters in the embodiments of the present application can not only decompose the large-capacity energy storage device, that is, improve the energy density of the energy storage device, but also make the size of the energy storage device standard, thereby reducing the transportation cost of the energy storage device. That is, the embodiments of the present application are conducive to the standardization of the energy storage device and the reduction of the transportation cost.

[0092] In addition, the temperature of each battery in each battery cluster is different. The more the number of batteries in the battery cluster, the greater the temperature difference of the batteries in the battery cluster, or the greater the distance between two batteries, the greater the temperature difference between the two batteries. In the embodiments of the present application, the batteries in one row or one column are divided into a plurality of battery clusters in parallel. In this way, the number of batteries in each battery cluster is relatively reduced, or the distance between different batteries is relatively reduced, thereby effectively reducing the temperature difference in the cluster and improving the efficiency of temperature management.

[0093] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are suitable for various types and various sizes of energy storage devices. Exemplarily, the energy storage device can be an energy storage container or an energy storage cabinet. Considering the transportation of the energy storage container, the energy storage container can be a standard container with a size of 40 feet, 20 feet or 10 feet, or can also be a specific container with a customized size. The batteries contained in the energy storage container include but are not limited to: lithium batteries, such as: lithium iron phosphate batteries, lithium manganese batteries or lithium cobalt batteries, etc.

[0094] FIG. 1 shows an external schematic view of the energy storage device as an energy storage container according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0095] As shown in FIG. 1, the energy storage container 100 can be a regular cuboid structure, facilitating fixed placement and transportation of the energy storage container 100. The interior of the energy storage container 100 is a hollow structure, which can include a battery compartment, so as to facilitate arrangement of a battery rack in the battery compartment. In addition, in addition to the battery compartment, the interior of the energy storage container 100 can also be divided into multiple functional compartments according to actual needs, and each functional compartment is provided with other functional device components for managing or assisting operation of the battery, such as a busbar component, a thermal management component, and the like.

[0096] FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an energy storage device 200 according to an embodiment of the present application. The energy storage device 200 can be, for example, the energy storage container 100 shown in FIG. 1, or can also be an energy storage cabinet. As shown in FIG. 2, the energy storage device 200 can include a box body 210 and multiple batteries 221. The interior of the box body 210 is a hollow structure, and the multiple batteries 221 are arranged in the hollow structure. Batteries 221 in the same row or the same column are divided into multiple battery clusters 220 arranged side by side, and each battery cluster 220 includes at least one battery 221.

[0097] In an embodiment of the present application, a row or a column of batteries 221 is divided into multiple battery clusters 220 arranged side by side, and the multiple battery clusters 220 are connected in parallel. This arrangement of the battery clusters 220 not only can better decompose a large-capacity energy storage device, but also can make the size of the energy storage device 200 a standard size, thereby reducing the transportation cost of the energy storage device 200. That is, the embodiment of the present application is conducive to standardization of the energy storage device 200 and reduction of transportation cost.

[0098] In addition, the temperature of each battery 221 in each battery cluster 220 is different. The more the number of batteries 221 in a battery cluster 220, the greater the temperature difference of the batteries 221 in the battery cluster 220, or the greater the distance between two batteries 221, the greater the temperature difference between the two batteries 221. In an embodiment of the present application, a row or a column of batteries 221 is divided into multiple battery clusters 220 arranged side by side. In this way, the number of batteries 221 in each battery cluster 220 is relatively reduced, or the distance between different batteries 221 is relatively reduced, thereby effectively reducing the intra-cluster temperature difference and improving the efficiency of temperature management.

[0099] In addition, the temperature of each battery 221 in each battery cluster 220 is different. The more the number of batteries 221 in a battery cluster 220, the greater the temperature difference of the batteries 221 in the battery cluster 220, or the greater the distance between two batteries 221, the greater the temperature difference between the two batteries 221. In an embodiment of the present application, a row or a column of batteries 221 is divided into multiple battery clusters 220 arranged side by side. In this way, the number of batteries 221 in each battery cluster 220 is relatively reduced, or the distance between different batteries 221 is relatively reduced, thereby effectively reducing the intra-cluster temperature difference and improving the efficiency of temperature management.

[0100] The energy storage device 200 can include N columns of batteries 221, and each column of batteries 221 can be divided into at least 2 battery clusters 220 in parallel, and each battery cluster 220 can include at least one battery 221, and N is greater than or equal to 1.

[0101] Alternatively, the energy storage device 200 can include N rows of batteries 221, and each row of batteries 221 can be divided into at least 2 battery clusters 220 in parallel, and each battery cluster 220 can include at least one battery 221, and N is greater than or equal to 1.

[0102] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of batteries 221 can include four columns of batteries 221, and each column of batteries 221 can be divided into 2 battery clusters 220 in parallel, and each battery cluster 220 can include 4 batteries 221, and each battery 221 can include 104 battery cells connected in series.

[0103] In other words, the arrangement of the battery cluster 220 in the embodiment of the present application is a four-column eight-cluster arrangement, which can better decompose a large-capacity energy storage device of 6MWh.

[0104] Alternatively, the plurality of batteries 221 can include four rows of batteries 221, and each row of batteries 221 can be divided into 2 battery clusters 220 in parallel, and each battery cluster 220 can include 4 batteries 221, and each battery 221 can include 104 battery cells connected in series.

[0105] Of course, the energy storage device 200 in the embodiment of the present application can also include other numbers of battery clusters 220. For example, the energy storage device 200 can also include 2 columns of batteries 221, and each column of batteries 221 can be divided into 4 battery clusters 220 in parallel. At this time, one battery cluster 220 can include 2 batteries 221, and each battery 221 can include 104 battery cells connected in series. Alternatively, the energy storage device 200 can also include 1 column of batteries 221, and each column of batteries 221 can be divided into 8 battery clusters 220 in parallel. Alternatively, each column of batteries 221 can be divided into 3 battery clusters 220 in parallel.

[0106] It should be noted that the battery cell in the embodiment of the present application can be a large-capacity battery cell. For example, the capacity of one battery cell can be greater than 300Ah, such as 306Ah, 314Ah, 530Ah, 580Ah, 587Ah, 600Ah, 700Ah, 1000Ah, 1100Ah, 1300Ah, etc.

[0107] FIG. 3 shows a schematic exploded view of a battery cell 222 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0108] As shown in FIG. 3, the battery cell 222 includes one or more electrode assemblies 21, a housing 22, and an end cap assembly 23, wherein the walls of the housing 22 and the end cap assembly 23 are collectively referred to as the walls of the battery cell 222. The housing 22 is shaped according to the combined shape of the one or more electrode assemblies 21, for example, the housing 22 can be a hollow cuboid or a hollow square or a hollow cylinder, and one of the faces of the housing 22 has an opening so that the one or more electrode assemblies 21 can be placed inside the housing 22. For example, when the housing 22 is a hollow cuboid or a hollow square, one of the flat faces of the housing 22 is an open face, i.e., the flat face does not have a wall so that the inside of the housing 22 is in communication with the outside. When the housing 22 is a hollow cylinder, one of the end faces of the housing 22 is an open face, i.e., the end face does not have a wall so that the inside of the housing 22 is in communication with the outside. The end cap assembly 24 covers the opening and is connected to the housing 22 to form a closed cavity in which the electrode assembly 21 is placed. The housing 22 is filled with an electrolyte, for example, an electrolytic solution.

[0109] The battery cell 222 also includes two electrode terminals 214. The end cap assembly 23 is generally flat, and the two electrode terminals 214 are fixed to the flat face of the end cap assembly 23, and the two electrode terminals 214 are respectively a positive electrode terminal 214a and a negative electrode terminal 214b. Each of the electrode terminals 214 is respectively provided with a connecting member 24, which can also be referred to as a current collecting member, which is located between the end cap assembly 23 and the electrode assembly 21, and is used to electrically connect the electrode assembly 21 and the electrode terminal 214.

[0110] As shown in FIG. 3, each of the electrode assemblies 21 has a first tab 211a and a second tab 212a. The polarities of the first tab 211a and the second tab 212a are opposite. For example, when the first tab 211a is a positive tab, the second tab 212a is a negative tab. The first tab 211a of the one or more electrode assemblies 21 is connected to one of the electrode terminals 214 through one of the connecting members 24, and the second tab 212a of the one or more electrode assemblies 21 is connected to the other of the electrode terminals 214 through the other of the connecting members 24. For example, the first tab 211a is a positive tab, the second tab 212a is a negative tab, the positive electrode terminal 214a is connected to the first tab 211a through one of the connecting members 24, and the negative electrode terminal 214b is connected to the second tab 212a through the other of the connecting members 24.

[0111] In the battery cell 222, the electrode assemblies 21 can be provided as a single electrode assembly or multiple electrode assemblies according to actual use requirements. As shown in FIG. 3, the battery cell 222 is provided with four independent electrode assemblies 21.

[0112] As an example, a pressure relief mechanism 213 can also be provided on one wall of the battery monomer 222. The pressure relief mechanism 213 is used to actuate to release the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery monomer 222 reaches a threshold value.

[0113] Optionally, the pressure relief mechanism 213 can be provided on the end cover assembly 23, or on any one wall of the shell 22.

[0114] Figures 4 and 5 show schematic diagrams of the energy storage device 200 including a control box 230. The control box can be, for example, a master control box of the energy storage container.

[0115] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 4, the energy storage device 200 can also include a control box 230. Among them, the plurality of battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to the same control box 230.

[0116] If the plurality of battery clusters 220 are battery clusters 220 in the same column, the number of control boxes 230 is the same as the number of columns of battery clusters 220. If the plurality of battery clusters 220 are battery clusters 220 in the same row, the number of control boxes 230 is the same as the number of rows of battery clusters 220.

[0117] The control box 230 is a box structure with control components, which can be a programmable logic controller. In addition to being electrically connected to the battery cluster 220, the control box 230 can also be connected to the master control system. The control box 230 can be used to control and manage one or more batteries 221. For example, the control box 230 can read the voltage, current, temperature and other data of the battery 221 during operation. For another example, the control box 230 can control the switching state of the battery 221.

[0118] The control box 230 can be provided with core components such as SBMU. The SBMU can monitor and control the battery 221 in all directions to ensure the safety, long life and stable performance of the battery 221.

[0119] In other embodiments, the control box 230 can also be provided with various auxiliary components such as relays, fuses, indicator lights, disconnectors, current sensors, high-voltage copper bars, and fuses.

[0120] The above technical solutions, the plurality of battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to the same control box 230, that is, a plurality of branches converge to one control box 230. On the one hand, it can reduce the number of wiring harness connections or structural components, thereby reducing costs, and installation and subsequent maintenance will be easier and faster. On the other hand, it can reduce the number of control boxes 230, thereby not only effectively reducing the cost of the energy storage device 200, but also reducing the space occupied by the control box 230 inside the energy storage device 200, such as saving the size space arrangement in the height direction z of the box body 210.

[0121] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5, the energy storage device 200 further comprises a plurality of control boxes 230, and the plurality of battery clusters 220 are respectively electrically connected to different control boxes 230.

[0122] In other words, each of the plurality of battery clusters 220 corresponds to one control box 230. Referring again to FIG. 5, if the number of the plurality of battery clusters 220 is 2, then the number of the control boxes 230 is also 2.

[0123] The technical solution that the plurality of battery clusters 220 are respectively electrically connected to different control boxes 230 is simple and convenient to control.

[0124] In some embodiments, all the control boxes 230 can be arranged at the bottom of the plurality of battery clusters 220. Wherein, the bottom is below the plurality of battery clusters 220 when the energy storage device 200 is in use.

[0125] As shown in FIG. 4, if the plurality of battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to the same control box 230, the control box 230 can be arranged at the bottom of the battery cluster closest to the bottom of the box body 210.

[0126] If the plurality of battery clusters are respectively electrically connected to different control boxes 230, the plurality of control boxes 230 can be arranged at the bottom of the battery cluster 220 closest to the bottom of the box body 210. The plurality of control boxes 230 can be arranged side by side along the length direction x of the box body 210, or can be arranged side by side along the height direction z of the box body 210.

[0127] The technical solution that the control boxes 230 are arranged at the bottom of the plurality of battery clusters 220, on the one hand, since the current collecting component is usually arranged at the bottom, the control boxes 230 can be more easily connected to the current collecting component, thereby reducing the cost of the energy storage device 200. On the other hand, it is convenient for the construction personnel to operate and maintain the control boxes 230.

[0128] In other embodiments, all the control boxes 230 can be arranged between at least two adjacent battery clusters 220 of the plurality of battery clusters 220.

[0129] If the plurality of battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to the same control box 230, the control box 230 can be arranged between any two adjacent battery clusters 220 of the plurality of battery clusters 220. For example, the control box 230 can be arranged between the two battery clusters 220 closest to the bottom of the box body 210.

[0130] If the plurality of battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to different control boxes 230 respectively, each of the plurality of control boxes 230 can be arranged between the corresponding battery cluster 220 and the battery cluster 220 adjacent thereto. Alternatively, the plurality of control boxes 230 can all be arranged between the same two battery clusters 220. For example, the plurality of battery clusters include a battery cluster A, a battery cluster B and a battery cluster C, and the three control boxes 230 can all be arranged between the battery cluster B and the battery cluster C.

[0131] The technical solution of arranging the control box 230 between at least two adjacent battery clusters 220 in the plurality of battery clusters 220 can effectively shorten the path of the connecting line between the control box 230 and the corresponding battery cluster 220.

[0132] In still other embodiments, all the control boxes 230 can be arranged at the top of the plurality of battery clusters 220. The top is the upper part of the plurality of battery clusters 220 in the case that the energy storage device 200 is in a use state, i.e., the part opposite to the bottom.

[0133] If the plurality of battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to the same control box 230, the control box 230 can be arranged at the top of the battery cluster 220 farthest from the ground in the plurality of battery clusters 220. If the plurality of battery clusters 220 are electrically connected to different control boxes 230 respectively, the plurality of control boxes 230 can all be arranged at the top of the battery cluster 220 farthest from the ground. The plurality of control boxes 230 can be arranged side by side along the length direction x of the box body 210 or along the height direction z of the box body 210.

[0134] Arranging the control box 230 at the top of the plurality of battery clusters 220, the control box 230 can absorb the heat from the external environment, thereby reducing the possibility of the battery 221 being exposed to the sun to a certain extent and reducing a series of adverse effects of the battery 221 due to temperature rise, such as thermal runaway.

[0135] It should be noted that “up” in the embodiments of the present application represents the direction opposite to the direction of gravity, and “down” in the embodiments of the present application represents the direction same as the direction of gravity.

[0136] In some embodiments, a part of the plurality of control boxes are arranged at the bottom or the top of the plurality of battery clusters, and the other part of the plurality of control boxes are arranged between at least two adjacent battery clusters in the plurality of battery clusters. The bottom is the lower part of the plurality of battery clusters in the case that the energy storage device is in a use state, and the top is the upper part of the plurality of battery clusters in the case that the energy storage device is in a use state.

[0137] In this way, the flexibility of the arrangement of the control boxes can be improved, so that the energy storage device can be applied to more scenarios.

[0138] Of course, part of the plurality of battery clusters 220 can be connected to the same control box 230, and the rest of the plurality of battery clusters 220 can be connected to different control boxes 230.

[0139] In some embodiments, the number of control units 231 included in one control box 230 can be the same as the number of battery clusters 220 electrically connected, and the control units 231 are used to control the corresponding battery clusters 220.

[0140] The control unit 231 may, for example, but is not limited to, an SBMU and a current sampling unit (CSU).

[0141] Exemplarily, referring again to FIG. 4, if the battery cluster a and the battery cluster b are electrically connected to the same control box 230, the number of control units 231 included in the control box 230 is 2, which are control unit a and control unit b respectively, control unit a controls the battery cluster a, and control unit b controls the battery cluster b.

[0142] Referring again to FIG. 5, if two battery clusters are electrically connected to different control boxes 230 respectively, the number of control units 231 included in the control box 230 is 1.

[0143] The above technical solution sets the number of control units 231 included in one control box 230 to be the same as the number of battery clusters 220 electrically connected, so that the control box 230 can control the corresponding battery cluster 220, thereby reducing the probability of control error.

[0144] It should be understood that, in addition to the control unit 231, the number of other components in the control box 230, such as the number of interfaces, is also the same as the number of battery clusters 220 electrically connected.

[0145] Generally, the temperature of the battery 221 will rise during use, such as during charging and discharging. If the battery 221 cannot be cooled in time, the continuous rise in temperature of the battery 221 may affect the stable operation of the entire energy storage device 200. Or, in some cold environments, the temperature of the battery 221 will continue to drop, such as to 5℃. In this case, for example, lithium precipitation may occur during the charging of the battery 221.

[0146] Therefore, in some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, each battery cluster 220 can include a plurality of batteries 221, and the energy storage device 200 can further include a thermal management component 240 connected to each battery 221 in the plurality of battery clusters 220, for adjusting the temperature of each battery.

[0147] The adjusting the temperature of each battery 221 can include heating the temperature of each battery 221 or cooling the temperature of each battery 221.

[0148] The thermal management assembly 240 can adjust the temperature of each battery 221 in a way of air cooling, direct cooling or liquid cooling. If the thermal management assembly 240 adjusts the temperature of each battery 221 in a way of liquid cooling, the thermal management assembly 240 can contain fluid for adjusting the temperature of the battery 221. At this time, in the case that the thermal management assembly 240 is used to cool the temperature of each battery 221, the thermal management assembly 240 can also be referred to as a cooling component or a cooling system, and the output fluid of the thermal management assembly 240 can also be referred to as a cooling medium or a cooling fluid. More specifically, it can be referred to as a cooling liquid or a cooling gas. The cooling medium can specifically be a mixture such as water, water and ethylene glycol, etc.

[0149] The thermal management assembly 240 is connected to each battery 221 in the plurality of battery clusters 220, and the thermal management assembly 240 can be directly connected to the battery 221.

[0150] Alternatively, the thermal management assembly 240 is connected to each battery 221 in the plurality of battery clusters 220, and the thermal management assembly 240 can be connected to the heat dissipation device 246 corresponding to each battery. Exemplarily, the heat dissipation device 246 can be a water-cooled plate, which can be arranged at the bottom of the corresponding battery 221.

[0151] The above technical solution is advantageous for regulating the temperature of the battery 221 by arranging the thermal management assembly 240 connected to each battery 221.

[0152] In some embodiments, the thermal management assembly 240 can include a liquid cooling unit 241, a main liquid inlet pipe 242 connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling unit 241, a main liquid return pipe 243 connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling unit 241, and a plurality of sub-pipes 244. The plurality of sub-pipes 244 are connected in parallel to the main liquid inlet pipe 242 and the main liquid return pipe 243, each of the plurality of sub-pipes 244 is connected to each battery 221, the cooling medium output by the liquid cooling unit 241 flows into the sub-pipe 244 through the main liquid inlet pipe 242, and the cooling medium exchanges heat with the corresponding battery 221, then flows out of the sub-pipe 244 to the main liquid return pipe 243 and enters the liquid cooling unit 241.

[0153] That is, this embodiment realizes the purpose of temperature control of the battery 221 through a two-stage pipe.

[0154] For example, the main liquid inlet pipe 242 and the main liquid return pipe 243 can be made of stainless steel, and the plurality of sub-pipes 244 can be made of nylon. By using nylon, the sub-pipes 244 can be larger in area to adhere to the battery 221, thereby achieving better cooling effect.

[0155] The above technical solution realizes temperature control between clusters through the main liquid inlet pipe 242, the main liquid return pipe 243, and the plurality of sub-pipes 244 connected to each battery 221. Since one row or one column of battery clusters 220 includes a plurality of battery clusters 220, the path of the liquid cooling pipe through each battery 221 in the battery cluster 220 is significantly shortened, the flow rate of the cooling medium is uniform, the temperature between the batteries 221 in the cluster is further reduced, and the efficiency of the entire energy system is improved.

[0156] In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the thermal management assembly 240 includes a liquid cooling unit 241, a total liquid inlet pipe 246 connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling unit 241, a total liquid return pipe 247 connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling unit 241, a plurality of main liquid inlet pipes 242 connected to the total liquid inlet pipe 246, a plurality of main liquid return pipes 243 connected to the total liquid return pipe 247, and a plurality of sub-pipes 244.

[0157] The plurality of sub-pipes 244 are connected in parallel to the main liquid inlet pipe 242 and the main liquid return pipe 243, and each of the plurality of sub-pipes 244 is connected to the battery 221. The cooling medium output by the liquid cooling unit 241 flows into one of the plurality of main liquid inlet pipes 242 through the total liquid inlet pipe 246, and then flows into the corresponding sub-pipe 244 through the main liquid inlet pipe 242. After the cooling medium exchanges heat with the corresponding battery 221, it flows out of the corresponding sub-pipe 244 to the main liquid return pipe 243 corresponding to the main liquid inlet pipe 242, and then flows into the total liquid return pipe 247 through the main liquid return pipe 243 to enter the liquid cooling unit 241.

[0158] That is, the plurality of main liquid inlet pipes 242 share one total liquid inlet pipe 246, and the plurality of main liquid return pipes 243 share one total liquid return pipe 247. This embodiment realizes the purpose of temperature control of the battery 221 through three levels of pipes.

[0159] The technical solution has the following advantages. The liquid cooling unit 241 is connected to each battery 221 through the total liquid inlet pipeline 246, the total liquid return pipeline 247, the main liquid inlet pipeline 242, the main liquid return pipeline 243, and the plurality of sub-pipelines 244, so that the temperature control between the battery clusters is achieved. Since the column of battery clusters 220 or the row of battery clusters 220 includes a plurality of battery clusters 220, the path of the liquid cooling pipeline through the batteries 221 in each battery cluster 220 is significantly shortened, the flow rate of the cooling medium is uniform, the temperature between the batteries 221 in the cluster is further reduced, and the efficiency of the entire energy storage system is improved.

[0160] As can be seen from the foregoing, the thermal management assembly 240 can achieve temperature control of the batteries 221 through a two-stage pipeline or a three-stage pipeline. In this way, the user can flexibly determine the specific setting mode of the thermal management assembly 240 according to the actual situation, so that the energy storage device 200 can be applied to more scenarios.

[0161] Further, the thermal management assembly 240 can further include a self-sealing joint 245, which includes a first joint and a second joint that can be connected and separated from each other, and is configured to allow the cooling medium to pass through when the first joint and the second joint are connected to each other, and to block the cooling medium when the first joint and the second joint are separated from each other.

[0162] Since the first joint and the second joint of the self-sealing joint 245 can be switched between the state of allowing the cooling medium to pass through and the state of blocking the cooling medium by being connected and separated, the operation is simple.

[0163] In some embodiments, the plurality of batteries 221 included in each battery cluster 220 can be connected in series.

[0164] For example, each battery cluster 220 includes four batteries 221 connected in series. In this way, the voltage of the battery cluster 220 can be increased.

[0165] Further, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8, the energy storage device 200 can further include an electrical compartment 250, a first partition wall 261, and a second partition wall 262, and the electrical compartment 250 is provided with electrical components 251, wherein the electrical components 251 and the thermal management assembly 240 can be respectively arranged on two sides of the first partition wall 261, and the electrical components 251 and the thermal management assembly 240 are arranged on the same side of the second partition wall 262, and the plurality of batteries 221 are arranged on different sides of the second partition wall 262 from the electrical components 251 and the thermal management assembly 240.

[0166] The electrical components 251 can include at least one of the following components: a distribution box, a master control box, a fire control box, and a fan.

[0167] Exemplarily, the first partition wall 261 and / or the second partition wall 262 can adopt a corrugated plate.

[0168] As shown in FIG. 8, the electrical compartment 250 and the thermal management assembly 240 can be arranged on both sides of the first partition wall 261 along the width direction y of the box body 210. Of course, the electrical compartment 250 and the thermal management assembly 240 can be arranged on both sides of the first partition wall 261 along the length direction x or the height direction z of the box body 210.

[0169] The above technical solution, by arranging the first partition wall 261 and the second partition wall 262, and arranging the electrical components 251 and the thermal management assembly 240 on both sides of the first partition wall 261 respectively, and arranging the electrical components 251 and the thermal management assembly 240 on the same side of the second partition wall 262, and arranging the plurality of batteries 221 on the other side of the second partition wall 262, on the one hand, reduces the floor space of the energy storage device 200, and on the other hand, the electrical components 251 and the thermal management assembly 240 are separated from the plurality of batteries 221 by the second partition wall 262, which is conducive to improving the stability of the battery compartment temperature, so that the entire energy storage device 200 can operate stably.

[0170] Further, with reference to FIG. 8, the energy storage device 200 can further include at least one battery compartment 270, and the plurality of battery clusters 220 are arranged in the at least one battery compartment 270. Wherein, the control box 230 can also be arranged in the at least one battery compartment 270.

[0171] In the case that the energy storage device 200 includes a plurality of battery compartments 270, adjacent two battery compartments 270 in the plurality of battery compartments 270 can share a wall, or the plurality of battery compartments 270 can be arranged with intervals. In the case that the energy storage device 200 includes a plurality of battery compartments 270, the battery compartments can be separated by the beams of the box body, and the battery compartments are in communication with each other.

[0172] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 9, the energy storage device 200 can further include a battery rack 280, and the plurality of batteries 221 are placed on the battery rack 280.

[0173] Exemplarily, along the length direction x of the box body 210, the energy storage device 200 can include at least one column of battery racks 280, and each column of battery racks 280 carries a plurality of batteries 221.

[0174] Further exemplarily, along the width direction y of the box body 210, the energy storage device 200 can include at least one column of battery racks 280, and each column of battery racks 280 carries a plurality of batteries 221.

[0175] The technical scheme, the battery rack 280 for placing the battery 221 is arranged in the energy storage device 200, the placement of the battery 221 in the energy storage device 200 is facilitated, the stability of the battery 221 is improved, and the possibility of displacement or shaking of the battery 221 during transportation or movement of the energy storage device 200 is reduced.

[0176] The embodiment of the present application also provides an energy system 300. As shown in FIG. 10, the energy system 300 can include a plurality of energy storage devices 200. Among them, the first wall of each box body 210 in the plurality of box bodies 210 is installed with a box door, and the first wall is the wall of each box body away from the adjacent box body.

[0177] For two walls of the four side walls of the box body 210 perpendicular to the length direction x of the box body 210, the embodiment of the present application will be called front wall and rear wall in turn, and the front and rear of the energy storage device 200 can also be defined accordingly. For two walls of the four side walls of the box body 210 perpendicular to the width direction y of the box body 210, the embodiment of the present application will be called right wall and left wall in turn, and the left and right of the energy storage device 200 can also be defined accordingly.

[0178] Exemplarily, the front wall and / or the left wall can be installed with a box door 280. That is, the first wall can be the front wall and / or the left wall.

[0179] The above technical scheme installs the box door of the energy storage device 300 on the wall of each box body 210 away from the adjacent box body 210, which is beneficial to later maintenance on one hand, and is beneficial to heat dissipation to some extent on the other hand, occupies small space, and does not need to reserve additional space for opening of the box door 280.

[0180] The embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage device 200. The energy storage device 200 internally places four rows of battery racks 280, each row of battery racks 280 places eight batteries 221, the upper half of the eight batteries 221 is a battery cluster 220, the lower half of the eight batteries 221 is a battery cluster 220, and the two battery clusters 220 are connected in parallel. The bottom of the battery rack 280 is provided with a control box 230, and the two battery clusters 220 are respectively connected in parallel with the control box 230. The liquid cooling unit 241 is connected to each battery 221 through a pipeline to realize inter-cluster temperature control.

[0181] The embodiment of the present application also provides an energy storage system. According to FIG. 11, the energy storage system includes N sub-battery systems, one of the N sub-battery systems includes one or more battery clusters, and the N sub-battery systems can independently input or output energy, wherein N≥2 and N is an integer.

[0182] For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the energy storage system 400 includes a first sub-battery system 1 to an Nth sub-battery system N. The first sub-battery system 1 includes a 1st battery cluster 111 to an nth battery cluster 11n; the Nth sub-battery system N includes a 1st battery cluster N11 to an mth battery cluster N1m.

[0183] The N sub-battery systems independently perform energy input or output, that is, the working modes of the N sub-battery systems are completely independent, and the N sub-battery systems can independently charge (energy input) or discharge (energy output). For example, when N is equal to 2, the sub-battery system 1 and the sub-battery system 2 can simultaneously charge; or the sub-battery system 1 discharges, and the sub-battery system 2 can charge; or the sub-battery system 1 and the sub-battery system 2 can simultaneously discharge; or the sub-battery system 1 charges or discharges, and the sub-battery system 2 can neither charge nor discharge.

[0184] In the embodiments of the present application, the battery cluster in the present application refers to a battery combination connected by batteries in series, parallel or mixed connection. For example, the battery cluster in the present application can be formed by a plurality of batteries in series or parallel. For another example, the battery cluster in the present application can be formed by a plurality of batteries connected in parallel first and then in series. The battery refers to a single physical module including one or more battery monomers to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery can be a battery module or a battery pack.

[0185] In the embodiments of the present application, the N sub-battery systems can independently perform energy input or output, so that each sub-battery system of the energy storage system can flexibly perform energy transmission. On the other hand, by setting the N sub-battery systems, the number of battery clusters in each sub-battery system can be reduced, so that the influence of uneven current between the battery clusters on the energy storage system can be reduced, and the performance and service life of the energy storage system can be improved.

[0186] In some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of battery clusters in one sub-battery system are connected in parallel with each other.

[0187] In some embodiments of the present application, the energy storage system 400 can include one total control unit: a first total control unit 141, which is used to monitor state information of the first sub-battery system 1 to the Nth sub-battery system N. The state information includes one or more of current information, voltage information, power information or temperature information.

[0188] That is, one total control unit can serve as a battery management unit of the N sub-battery systems, and can monitor and manage the N sub-battery systems. For example, the current, voltage, power or temperature information of the N sub-battery systems can be monitored. For example, the charging and discharging current, voltage, etc. of the sub-battery systems can be controlled.

[0189] In the embodiments of the present application, the monitoring of the states of the N sub-battery systems can be achieved by setting one total control unit, the number of total control units can be reduced, the space of the energy storage system can be saved, the number of components can be reduced, and the cost can be saved.

[0190] The first total control unit 141 can also communicate with an energy management unit 600, which can be an energy management system (EMS), for example.

[0191] As shown in FIG. 12, the energy storage system 400 can further include one bidirectional conversion module, and the one bidirectional conversion module is connected with the N sub-battery systems, which can reduce the use of components and reduce the cost.

[0192] In some embodiments of the present application, the energy storage system 400 can further include N current collection devices: a first current collection device 131 to an Nth current collection device 13N. One end of the N current collection devices is respectively connected with the N sub-battery systems, and the other end of the N current collection devices is connected with one bidirectional conversion module.

[0193] As shown in FIG. 13, the energy storage system 400 can further include N bidirectional conversion modules, and the N bidirectional conversion modules are respectively connected with the N sub-battery systems. As shown in FIG. 13, the energy storage system 400 includes a first bidirectional conversion module 121 to an Nth bidirectional conversion module 12N, and the first bidirectional conversion module 121 to the Nth bidirectional conversion module 12N are respectively connected with a first sub-battery system 1 to an Nth sub-battery system N.

[0194] The energy storage system 400 can input or output energy through the N bidirectional conversion modules. For example, the first sub-battery system 1 can discharge to the busbar 500 through the first bidirectional conversion module 121; and the Nth sub-battery system N can take power from the busbar 500 through the Nth bidirectional conversion module 12N.

[0195] In some embodiments of the present application, the functions of the N bidirectional conversion modules can be achieved by N power conversion systems (PCSs). For example, the N PCSs are respectively connected with the N sub-battery systems, and the N sub-battery systems can input and output energy through the N PCSs. Alternatively, the functions of the N bidirectional conversion modules can be achieved by one PCS including one control unit and N DC / AC bidirectional converters, and the one control unit can control the N DC / AC bidirectional converters. For example, the N DC / AC bidirectional converters are respectively connected with the N sub-battery systems, and the conversion between AC and DC of the N DC / AC bidirectional converters and the transmission direction of energy can be controlled by the one control unit.

[0196] In some embodiments of the present application, the bus 500 can be connected with a new energy power generation system such as a photovoltaic system, a power grid, and the like. For example, the first sub-cell system 1 can discharge to the power grid through the first bidirectional current module 121 and the bus 500, and the Nth sub-cell system N can take power from the new energy power generation system such as a photovoltaic system through the Nth bidirectional current module 12N and the bus 500.

[0197] Of course, the charging and discharging rate of the N sub-cell systems can be controlled individually by the N bidirectional current modules. For example, for two sub-cell systems in the energy storage system 400 that are discharging, the output of the energy output of the two can be different.

[0198] In the embodiments of the present application, N bidirectional current modules are arranged in the energy storage system, and the connection of the N bidirectional current modules and the N sub-cell systems can realize the input or output of energy of the N sub-cell systems individually, and can make the transmission of energy of the N sub-cell systems completely independent, so that the energy storage system can be flexibly adapted to different application scenarios.

[0199] In some embodiments of the present application, the energy storage system 400 can further include N current collection devices: a first current collection device 131 to an Nth current collection device 13N. One end of the N current collection devices is respectively connected with the N sub-cell systems, and the other end of the N current collection devices is respectively connected with the N bidirectional current modules, that is, one end of the first current collection device 131 to the Nth current collection device 13N can be respectively connected with the first sub-cell system 1 to the Nth sub-cell system N, and the other end of the first current collection device 131 to the Nth current collection device 13N can be respectively connected with the first bidirectional current module 121 to the Nth bidirectional current module 12N.

[0200] For example, in a sub-cell system, a plurality of parallel battery clusters can be connected to a current collection device, and the current collection device can collect the current and then transmit the collected energy to the bus 500. Alternatively, energy from the bus 500 can be transmitted to the current collection device, and then transmitted to each battery cluster after being divided by the current collection device.

[0201] In the embodiments of the present application, N current collection devices can be arranged corresponding to the N sub-cell systems of the energy storage system, and the energy of the battery clusters in the sub-cell system can be collected by the current collection device before being transmitted, or the input energy can be divided by the current collection device before being transmitted to each battery cluster in the sub-cell system, which can reduce the loss of energy.

[0202] FIGS. 13 and 14 are structural schematic diagrams of a battery system provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0203] The energy storage system 400 includes N sub-battery systems: a first sub-battery system 1 to an Nth sub-battery system N, one of the N sub-battery systems includes one or more battery clusters, and the N sub-battery systems independently perform input or output of energy, where N≥2 and N is an integer.

[0204] The energy storage system 400 can include N bidirectional current conversion modules: a first bidirectional current conversion module 121 to an Nth bidirectional current conversion module 12N, the first bidirectional current conversion module 121 to the Nth bidirectional current conversion module 12N are connected with the first sub-battery system 1 to the Nth sub-battery system N respectively.

[0205] In some embodiments of the present application, the energy storage system 400 can include N current collection devices: a first current collection device 131 to an Nth current collection device 13N, one end of the first current collection device 131 to the Nth current collection device 13N is connected with the first sub-battery system 1 to the Nth sub-battery system N respectively, and the other end of the first current collection device 131 to the Nth current collection device 13N is connected with the first bidirectional current conversion module 121 to the Nth bidirectional current conversion module 12N respectively.

[0206] In some embodiments of the present application, one of the N sub-battery systems includes one or more master control boxes. For example, the first sub-battery system can include a 1st master control box 171 to an nth master control box 17n, one end of the 1st master control box 171 to the nth master control box 17n is connected with a 1st battery cluster 111 to an nth battery cluster 11n respectively, and the other end of the 1st master control box 171 to the nth master control box 17n is connected with the first current collection device 131. For example, the Nth sub-battery system can include a 1st master control box N71 to an mth master control box N7m, one end of the 1st master control box N71 to the mth master control box N7m is connected with a 1st battery cluster N11 to an mth battery cluster N1m respectively, and the other end of the 1st master control box N71 to the mth master control box N7m is connected with the Nth current collection device 13N.

[0207] In some embodiments of the present application, the N sub-battery systems include a first sub-battery system and a second sub-battery system, wherein the first sub-battery system includes at least one battery cluster, and the second sub-battery system includes at least one battery cluster, each battery cluster includes at least one battery, which can improve the power of the energy storage system.

[0208] As shown in FIG. 14, in some embodiments of the present application, the energy storage system 400 can further include 1 thermal management module 161, the thermal management module 161 is used to adjust the temperature of the N sub-battery systems.

[0209] The thermal management module can reduce the temperature of the sub-battery system when the temperature of the sub-battery system is too high, and can increase the temperature of the sub-battery system when the temperature of the sub-battery system is too low. For example, the thermal management module can include a heating module, a refrigeration module, and a fluid circulation loop. The fluid in the fluid circulation loop is heated or refrigerated by the heating module or the refrigeration module, the fluid circulation loop is arranged around the battery cluster, and then the fluid exchanges heat with the battery cluster of the sub-battery system to adjust the temperature of the sub-battery system.

[0210] One thermal management module 161 adjusts the temperature of N sub-battery systems, which can reduce the space occupied by the thermal management module 161 and the structural members of the energy storage system, and is conducive to improving the energy density of the energy storage system and reducing the cost.

[0211] The energy storage system includes two sub-battery systems, which are placed side by side along the length direction (i.e., the length direction x of the box) of the energy storage system, and each of the two sub-battery systems includes 2 columns of batteries, each column of batteries includes 2 battery clusters, each battery cluster is connected in parallel, and the batteries in the battery cluster are connected in series. This arrangement is conducive to group installation.

[0212] As shown in FIG. 15, FIG. 15 is a micro-grid system 700 provided by an embodiment of the present application, which can include the energy storage system 400 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0213] Although the present application has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made to it without departing from the scope of the present application, and equivalent components can be substituted therefor. In particular, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that: include: The box body has a hollow structure inside; A plurality of batteries are arranged in the hollow structure. The batteries in the same row or column are divided into a plurality of battery clusters connected in parallel. Each battery cluster includes at least one battery.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The energy storage device further comprises: A control box, wherein the plurality of battery clusters are electrically connected to the same control box.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The energy storage device further comprises: There are multiple control boxes, and the multiple battery clusters are electrically connected to different control boxes respectively.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: All the control boxes are arranged at the bottom of the plurality of battery clusters, and the bottom is below the plurality of battery clusters when the energy storage device is in use; or All of the control boxes are arranged between at least two adjacent battery clusters among the plurality of battery clusters; or All the control boxes are arranged on the top of the multiple battery clusters, and the top is above the multiple battery clusters when the energy storage device is in use.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that A portion of the multiple control boxes are arranged at the bottom or top of the multiple battery clusters, and another portion of the control boxes are arranged between two adjacent battery clusters. The bottom is below the multiple battery clusters when the energy storage device is in use, and the top is above the multiple battery clusters when the energy storage device is in use.

6. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that The number of control units included in one control box is the same as the number of the electrically connected battery clusters, and the control units are used to control the corresponding battery clusters.

7. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that Each of the battery clusters includes a plurality of batteries, and the energy storage device further includes: A thermal management component is connected to each of the batteries in the plurality of battery clusters and is configured to regulate a temperature of each of the batteries.

8. The energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that The thermal management component includes a liquid cooling unit, a main liquid inlet pipe connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling unit, a main liquid return pipe connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling unit, and a plurality of sub-pipelines; The plurality of sub-pipes are connected in parallel to the main liquid inlet pipe and the main liquid return pipe, and each of the plurality of sub-pipes is respectively connected to each of the batteries, wherein the cooling medium output by the liquid cooling unit flows into the sub-pipes through the main liquid inlet pipe, and after the cooling medium exchanges heat with the corresponding battery, flows out through the sub-pipes to the main liquid return pipe and enters the liquid cooling unit.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thermal management component includes a liquid cooling unit, a main liquid inlet pipe connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid cooling unit, a main liquid return pipe connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid cooling unit, a plurality of main liquid inlet pipes connected to the main liquid inlet pipe, a plurality of main liquid return pipes connected to the main liquid return pipe, and a plurality of sub-pipes; The plurality of sub-pipes are connected in parallel to the main liquid inlet pipe and the main liquid return pipe, and each of the plurality of sub-pipes is respectively connected to each of the batteries, wherein the cooling medium output by the liquid cooling unit flows into one of the plurality of main liquid inlet pipes through the total liquid inlet pipe, and flows into the corresponding sub-pipe through the main liquid inlet pipe, and after heat exchange with the corresponding battery, the cooling medium flows out through the corresponding sub-pipe to one of the main liquid return pipes corresponding to the main liquid inlet pipe, and flows into the total liquid return pipe through the main liquid return pipe to enter the liquid cooling unit.

10. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The plurality of batteries in each of the battery clusters are connected in series.

11. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that: The energy storage device further comprises an electrical compartment, a first partition wall and a second partition wall, wherein electrical components are arranged in the electrical compartment; The electrical components and the thermal management components are respectively arranged on both sides of the first partition wall, and the electrical components and the thermal management components are arranged on the same side of the second partition wall, and the multiple batteries are respectively arranged on different sides of the second partition wall from the electrical components and the thermal management components.

12. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that The energy storage device further includes a battery rack, and a plurality of the batteries are placed on the battery rack.

13. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that The plurality of batteries include four columns of batteries, each column of batteries is divided into two parallel battery clusters, each battery cluster includes four batteries, and each battery includes 104 battery cells connected in series.

14. An energy system, characterized in that: include: A plurality of energy storage devices according to any one of claims 1 to 13; Wherein, a box door is installed on the first wall of each box in the plurality of boxes, and the first wall is a wall of the side wall of each box away from the adjacent box.

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