Flexible solid energy storage module

Abstract

The invention relates to a solid state energy storage module featuring a cathode, solid electrolyte, and anode, all applied via screen printing. This module is designed for versatility and flexibility, characterized by a Young's modulus below 1 GPa. It uniquely excludes the use of certain hazardous and rare materials, such as lithium and cadmium, enhancing its environmental and safety profile. The energy storage module is adaptable for integration into a myriad of applications, including consumer electronics, vehicles, and energy systems, as well as photovoltaic systems like solar panels. It is also suitable for wearable technologies and industrial uses. The manufacturing method involves screen printing these components, with potential inclusion of a protective layer and photovoltaic elements. This approach not only enhances the module's functionality but also broadens its applicability across diverse sectors, emphasizing a sustainable and innovative solution for modern energy storage needs.

Description

[0001] Flexible solid energy storage module

[0002] Technical field

[0003] The field of the invention relates to energy storage technology, speci fically to solid state energy storage modules such as batteries . The invention focuses on the development of a flexible , solid state energy storage module that incorporates a cathode , solid electrolyte , and anode , all applied using screen printing techniques . This approach aims to improve the safety, ef ficiency, and environmental compatibility of energy storage solutions , making them applicable across a wide range of devices and systems , including consumer electronics , electric vehicles , and photovoltaic applications .

[0004] Background

[0005] In recent years , the demand for ef ficient , safe , and environmentally friendly energy storage solutions has increased signi ficantly . Traditional batteries , which often rely on liquid electrolytes , pose several challenges including safety hazards such as leakage , thermal runaway, and potential fires . These issues are exacerbated by the need for additional thermal management systems to maintain safe operating temperatures , which can add weight and complexity to energy storage systems .

[0006] Solid-state batteries have emerged as a promising alternative , of fering advantages such as higher energy density, faster recharging capabilities , and improved safety due to the use of solid electrolytes instead of liquid ones . These batteries reduce the risk of leakage and thermal issues , providing a more reliable energy storage solution . Despite these advantages, challenges remain in the manufacturing and material selection for solid-state batteries. The integration of flexible and lightweight materials without compromising performance is a key area of development. Additionally, there is an increasing need to eliminate the use of hazardous materials such as lead, cadmium, and lithium to align with environmental regulations and promote sustainability.

[0007] In the prior art there is a need to address these challenges. Therefore, there is a need to further improve batteries.

[0008] Summary

[0009] It is an object of the invention to at least alleviate at least some of the disadvantages in the prior art.

[0010] In a first aspect there is provided a solid state energy storage module (100) comprising: a cathode (120) , comprising a cathode material in particulate form and a polymeric binder (125) , a solid electrolyte (130) , comprising a solid electrolyte material and a polymeric binder (135) , an anode (140) comprising an anode material in particulate form and a polymeric binder (145) , wherein the cathode (120) , the solid electrolyte (130) , and the anode (140) are applied with screen printing .

[0011] In a second aspect there is provided a method (300) for producing a solid state energy storage module (100) according to any one of claims 1-9, the method comprising the steps of: applying with screen printing a cathode material in particulate form and a polymeric binder (125) to form a cathode (120) , applying with screen printing a solid electrolyte material and a polymeric binder (135) to form a solid electrolyte (130) , applying with screen printing an anode material in particulate form and a polymeric binder (145) to form an anode (140) .

[0012] This invention introduces a transformative approach to battery technology through a screen-printed solid state battery comprising particles. It has unexpectedly been discovered that screen-printing of solid state batteries comprising particles is a particularly useful method which promotes adhesion to the substrate onto which the battery is printed and thus opens the possibility for flexible batteries. This battery is specifically designed to overcome traditional limitations by using cutting-edge materials and manufacturing techniques that enable the production of high-capacity, lightweight batteries optimized for a number of different applications.

[0013] It should be noted that the present invention enables a more evenly distribution of the material in the solid energy storage module. Consequently, potential energy dissipation is more evenly distributed, i.e. less concentrated to (a) specific area(s) . This may be favorable as possible elevated temperature hotspots are decreased. Increased operating temperatures may be harmful for the energy storage module in e.g., reducing the energy efficiency and its longevity, as well as being a safety hazard to a user of the energy storage in terms of e.g., fire, explosion, and / or release of hazardous chemicals. Furthermore, traditional energy storage devices often require some type of heating conduction and / or cooling systems to maintain the operating temperature within a specific range to prevent extreme temperature conditions that may affect the performance, safety, and longevity of the energy storage device. These additional thermal management systems are rendered obsolete by the present invention, at least due to the fact that the energy storage may be more evenly distributed, thus reducing the risk of potential elevated temperature hotspots.

[0014] Additional advantages include, improved adhesion of the materials to a substrate, an improved C-rate, lower weight, less sensitivity to vibrations, a reduced fire hazard, a reduced need for cooling, lower toxicity, improved environmental friendliness, improved bendability and mechanical flexibility.

[0015] The energy storage is a solid state energy storage, i.e. it may be a solid state battery. For example, solid-state batteries provides for a more safe energy storage option, as said batteries utilize a solid electrolyte compared to traditional batteries utilize a liquid electrolyte. This reduces the risk of leakage, thermal runaway, and / or fires. Furthermore, solid-state batteries may entail a higher energy density, faster recharging, extended lifespan, and have a wider temperature range for operating compared to traditional batteries .

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the at least one protective layer may comprise at least one of a coating, a paint, and a foil. Thus, the protective layer (s) may comprise all, or only one, of a coating, a paint, and a foil. The present embodiment is advantageous in that it provides for (a) thinner (a) protective layer (s) . Furthermore, the weight of the protective layer (s) may be reduced. Thus, the present embodiment is desirable as it provides for a more compact and / or less heavier energy storage module portion.

[0017] Brief description of the drawings This and other aspects of the present invention will now be described in more detail , with reference to the appended drawings showing embodiment ( s ) of the invention .

[0018] Fig . 1 is a cross-sectional view of a solid state energy storage module according to an exempli fying embodiment of the present invention .

[0019] Fig . 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of manufacturing of the energy storage module according to the invention .

[0020] Detailed description

[0021] Before the invention is disclosed and described in detail , it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to particular compounds , configurations , method steps , substrates , and materials disclosed herein as such compounds , configurations , method steps , substrates , and materials may vary somewhat . It is also to be understood that the terminology employed herein is used for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting since the scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims .

[0022] It must be noted that , as used in this speci fication and the appended claims , the singular forms "a" , "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise .

[0023] I f nothing else is defined, any terms and scienti fic terminology used herein are intended to have the meanings commonly understood by those of skill in the art to which this invention pertains .

[0024] As used herein the term energy storage refers to a device which is able of capturing electrical energy and saving it in a chemical form so it can be released and used later . This system is typically a battery or electrochemical cell , where the anode is the electrode where oxidation happens ( electrons are released) , the cathode is the electrode where reduction happens ( electrons are accepted) , and the solid electrolyte is a solid that allows ions to move between the anode and cathode . When the battery charges , electrical energy is converted into chemical energy . When it discharges , chemical energy is converted back into electrical energy to power devices or systems .

[0025] As used herein the term solid electrolyte refers to a material that conducts ions ( charged particles ) like a liquid electrolyte does , but it is in a solid state instead of being a liquid or gel . It is thus important to distinguish solid electrolytes from for instance gel electrolytes , where the electrolyte is in a gel-like state rather than being a liquid or solid . In a gel electrolyte there is typically a liquid electrolyte with a gelling agent . The solid electrolyte separates the anode and cathode ( i . e . electrodes ) , allows ions to move between the electrodes during charging and discharging, and blocks electrons from passing through, forcing the electrical current to flow through an external circuit . Solid electrolytes can be made of ceramics , polymers , or composite materials . They are used in solid-state batteries , which aim to be safer, longer-lasting, and capable of higher energy density than traditional liquid electrolyte batteries . A solid-state battery ( or energy storage ) is a type of battery that uses a solid electrolyte instead of a liquid or gel electrolyte .

[0026] As used herein the term cathode refers to the electrode in an electrochemical cell ( like a battery) where reduction occurs — meaning it is the site where electrons are gained . Its role depends on whether the battery is discharging or charging . During discharge (when the battery supplies power ) , the cathode is the positive electrode . During charging (when energy is put back into the battery) , the cathode becomes the negative electrode .

[0027] As used herein the term anode refers to the electrode in an electrochemical cell where oxidation occurs — meaning it is the site where electrons are lost . Its behavior depends on whether the battery is discharging or charging . During discharge (when the battery is providing power ) , the anode is the negative electrode . During charging, the anode becomes the positive electrode .

[0028] As used herein the term screen printing refers to a manufacturing process where a material is applied onto a surface by pushing it through a mesh screen that has speci fic open and blocked areas . A screen ( like a fine mesh) is prepared with a desired pattern . A paste is placed on the screen . A squeegee is used to press the material through the open parts of the mesh onto the surface underneath .

[0029] As used herein the term current collector is a material in a battery ( or energy storage ) that conducts electrons between the battery ' s external circuit and its electrodes ( the anode and cathode ) . Its primary role is to collect and distribute the electrical current from the active material of the electrodes to the external circuit , allowing the battery to supply power to devices .

[0030] As used herein the energy storage module comprises at least one optional structural layer . By the term " structural layer" it is here meant any component , element , member, or the like that can provide a structural integrity . Furthermore , said component, element, member, or the like is suitable to have additional components, elements, members, or the like arranged upon. The structural layer may for example comprise a substrate. The energy storage module further comprises at least one energy storage layer.

[0031] In the first aspect there is provided a solid state energy storage module (100) comprising: a cathode (120) , comprising a cathode material in particulate form and a polymeric binder (125) , a solid electrolyte (130) , comprising a solid electrolyte material and a polymeric binder (135) , an anode (140) comprising an anode material in particulate form and a polymeric binder (145) , wherein the cathode (120) , the solid electrolyte (130) , and the anode (140) are applied with screen printing .

[0032] The invention is a solid state energy storage module comprising a cathode, a solid electrolyte, and an anode, all applied using screen printing. This method allows for precise layering and material distribution, enhancing the module's efficiency and performance. The use of screen printing can lead to cost reductions in manufacturing due to its scalability and straightforward process. The incorporation of a polymeric binder in each component ensures structural integrity and flexibility, which is pivotal for applications requiring bendable energy solutions. In particular it has been discovered that the use of screen printing for solid electrolyte and anode / cathode materials in particulate form is highly advantageous. Screen printing is compatible with many different materials, which constitute the solid state electrolyte, such as polymer-based solid state electrolytes, ceramic-based solid state electrolytes and hybrid composites constituting the solid state electrolyte. The screen printing offers precise layer control and uniform coverage, which is particularly important for solid state electrolytes. The screen printing further offers stacking of different functional layers (electrolyte, electrodes, protective coatings) in a single fabrication process. Screen printed solid state electrolyte layers can improve adhesion and mechanical robustness, which is advantageous for flexible and portable battery applications.

[0033] There are many different printing techniques which have been suggested for the manufacture of solid state batteries, such as inkjet printing, 3D printing, direct ink writing, roll-to- roll printing, spray and screen printing, etc. However it has turned out that in particular screen printing gives particular advantages when combined with a solid state electrolyte and cathode material and anode material in the form of particles.

[0034] The particle size of the cathode and anode materials in particulate form is typically in the cathode and anode materials interval 0.1-20 pm, such as 1-20 pm or 5-10 pm. Alternatively, the cathode and anode materials are provided as nanoparticles with a size of 10-100 nm to improve the flexibility of the layers. Thus, in one embodiment the cathode and the anode comprise cathode material and anode material respectively with a size in the range 10-100 nm. In one embodiment, the cathode material in particulate form comprises particles with a size in the range 10 - 100 nm as measured according to ISO 19749:2021, and the anode material in particulate form comprises particles with a size in the range 10 - 100 nm as measured according to ISO 19749:2021. The use of small particles with a size in the range 10-100 nm improves the flexibility of the solid state energy storage. Also, combinations of particles of different sizes are encompassed so that particles in the range 10 nm to 20 pm can be used. For particles sizes in the interval 10-100 nm the particle size and its measurement method are as defined in ISO 19749:2021. For particle size in the interval 0.1-20 pm the size of the particles and the measurement method is as defined in ISO 13320:2020.

[0035] In one embodiment, the energy storage (100) comprises a protective layer (110) . The addition of a protective layer enhances the durability and longevity of the energy storage module. This layer serves as a barrier against environmental factors such as moisture and physical damage, thereby safeguarding the internal components and maintaining performance over time. A protective layer is a coating or film applied to all components or certain components (such as electrodes, separators, or current collectors) to enhance stability, prevent degradation, and improve performance over time .

[0036] This layer is designed to shield sensitive materials from harmful reactions, external factors, or physical damage during the battery's charge and discharge cycles.

[0037] In one embodiment, the energy storage module (100) is a battery. By specifying the energy storage module as a battery, the invention underscores its capability to store and release energy efficiently. This claim shows that the invention is suitable for a wide range of devices and systems.

[0038] In one embodiment, the cathode (120) is applied on a current collector. Applying the cathode on a current collector improves electrical conductivity and facilitates efficient electron flow within the module. This arrangement optimizes energy output and enhances the overall efficiency of the battery . In one embodiment, the at least one protective layer (110) comprises at least one of a coating, a paint, and a foil. The protective layer may include coatings, paints, or foils, offering versatility in material choice based on application needs. This flexibility ensures that the module can be tailored to specific environmental conditions and durability requirements .

[0039] In one embodiment, the at least one protective layer (110) is at least partially transparent. A partially transparent protective layer allows for applications where visibility or light penetration is essential, such as in photovoltaic systems or display-integrated devices.

[0040] In one embodiment, the at least one energy storage module (100) is flexible, i.e having a Young's modulus measured according to ISO 527-1:2019 of less than 1 GPa. The module's flexibility, with a Young's modulus of less than 1 GPa, makes it suitable for integration into wearable technology and many other applications where bending and conformability are required. This characteristic extends the module's utility to innovative fields such as flexible electronics and smart textiles. The application with screen printing, the solid electrolyte and the use of particulate materials for the cathode and anode improves the adhesion which is a great advantage for flexible energy storage modules. In addition the use of small particles such as particles with a size in the interval 10-100 nm further improves the flexibility.

[0041] In one embodiment, the energy storage module (100) is manufactured without use of Prussian blue, lead, cadmium, cobalt, nickel, mercury, manganese, sulfuric acid, organic solvents, fluorinated compounds, antimony, arsenic, beryllium, thallium, selenium, perfluorinated compounds, polyvinylchloride , silicon, lithium, neodymium, dysprosium, and lanthanum . By avoiding the use of materials like lead, cadmium, and lithium, the invention promotes environmental safety and compliance with stringent regulations . This advantage positions the module as a sustainable alternative in the energy storage market . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of Prussian blue . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of lead . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of cadmium . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of cobalt . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of nickel . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of mercury . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of manganese . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of sul furic acid . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of organic solvents . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of fluorinated compounds . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of antimony . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of arsenic . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of beryllium . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of thallium . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of selenium . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of perfluorinated compounds . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of polyvinylchloride . In one embodiment , the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of silicon. In one embodiment, the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of lithium. In one embodiment, the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of neodymium. In one embodiment, the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of dysprosium. In one embodiment, the energy storage module 100 can be manufactured without use of lanthanum.

[0042] Examples of solid electrolyte materials include but are not limited to: Ceramic-based solid electrolytes such as LLZO (Lithium Lanthanum Zirconium Oxide, LATP (Lithium Aluminum Titanium Phosphate, and LIPON (Lithium Phosphorous Oxynitride) . Polymer-based solid electrolytes such as PEO (Polyethylene Oxide) with lithium salts, and PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride) composites . Sulfide-based solid electrolytes such as LGPS (Lithium Germanium Phosphorus Sulfide.

[0043] The cathode material, the anode material as well as the ions in the battery can be any known materials in the art.

[0044] In one embodiment, the energy storage module (100) is integrated in one selected from: a smartphone, a laptop, a tablet, a remote control, a digital camera, a smartwatch, a fitness tracker, an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, an electric scooter, an e-bike , a drone , an automobile starter battery, a flashlight , a cordless power tool , a wireless keyboard, a wireless mouse , a smoke detector, a cordless vacuum cleaner, a backup power system, a grid energy storage system, a portable medical device , a measurement tool , a construction site tool , a solar energy storage system, a smart meter, a security system, a sensor in remote locations , a telecommunications backup power device , a solar module , a solar cell on a roof tile , an electric scooter, a motorcycle , a residential energy storage system, a commercial energy storage system with a capacity in the range 1- 100 kWh, a large scale energy storage system with a capacity above 1 MWh, a large scale energy storage system with a capacity above 1 MWh in a container, a heater on textile , a curtain, a heater on tiles , a heater on flooring, a heater on walls , an industrial heater, a faqade or roof solar module with integrated energy storage , an energy / battery management system, a roof solar module with integrated heating, a combined heater and energy storage device , a bendable energy storage , a bendable solar paned with integrated energy storage , an automotive solar cell , an automotive combination of solar cells and energy storage , an automotive combination of solar cells and energy storage printed on a metal foil or carbon, an automotive combination of solar cells and / or energy storage printed on a metal foil or carbon adapted to be laminated or baked into a vehicle , an automotive combination of solar cells and / or energy storage printed on metal before the metal is bent or worked, an aviation solar cell and / or energy storage , a solar sail , a solar cell on a camping van sun blind, a curved solar panel , an illumination stripes with solar panels and energy storage , a lighting element in fashion, a s smart panel comprising a passive solar panel and energy storage combination, a surface heating on curved surfaces , a solar powered loT sensor, a heating element in clothes , comprising a solar panel , a wearable comprising armor with energy storage and solar panel , a heater on wallpaper, a rail sleeper with integrated photovoltaic, a heater on a click floor system, a sound absorbing solar wall , a perforated sheet solar panel for e.g. agricultural use or sound absorbing walls, a distributed battery storage, a vehicle body with lighting and heating, and a device for induction charging.

[0045] The energy storage module can be integrated into a diverse array of products, from consumer electronics to large-scale energy systems. This adaptability ensures broad market applicability and meets the growing demand for versatile energy solutions.

[0046] In the second aspect there is provided a method (300) for producing a solid state energy storage module (100) according to any one of claims 1-9, the method comprising the steps of: applying with screen printing a cathode material in particulate form and a polymeric binder (125) to form a cathode (120) , applying with screen printing a solid electrolyte material and a polymeric binder (135) to form a solid electrolyte (130) , applying with screen printing an anode material in particulate form and a polymeric binder (145) to form an anode (140) .

[0047] The described method for producing the energy storage module using screen printing for the cathode, solid electrolyte, and anode streamlines production. This technique supports high- throughput manufacturing and reduces production costs, making it economically viable for large-scale deployment.

[0048] In one embodiment, the method comprises a step of adding at least one protective layer (110) . Incorporating a step to add a protective layer during manufacturing further strengthens the module's resilience, ensuring consistent performance and protection against external factors. In one embodiment , the energy storage module comprises at least one photovoltaic layer, wherein the step of screen printing further comprises screen printing the at least one photovoltaic layer on the at least one energy storage layer to further form the energy storage module . The inclusion of a photovoltaic layer through screen printing extends the module ' s functionality, enabling it to harness solar energy directly . This integration supports sustainable energy generation and storage , of fering an all-in-one solution for renewable energy applications .

[0049] Overall , the invention presents a comprehensive and versatile energy storage solution that combines innovative manufacturing techniques with environmentally friendly materials , resulting in a product that is both ef ficient and adaptable to a wide range of applications .

[0050] The present invention will now be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying figures , in which currently preferred embodiments of the invention are shown . This invention may, however, be embodied in many di f ferent forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided for thoroughness and completeness , and fully convey the scope of the invention to the skilled person .

[0051] Fig . 1 is a cross-sectional view of the solid state energy storage module 100 according to an exempli fying embodiment of the present invention . The energy storage module portion 100 comprises at least one protective layer 110 arranged to at least partially surround the energy storage module portion 100 . The energy storage module 100 comprises a cathode 120 comprising a material 125 which comprises cathode material in particulate form and a polymeric binder.

[0052] The energy storage module 100 comprises a solid electrolyte comprising a material 135 which comprises a solid electrolyte material in particulate form and a polymeric binder.

[0053] The energy storage module 100 comprises a an anode 140 comprising a material 145 which comprises anode material in particulate form and a polymeric binder.

[0054] The cathode and anode 120, 140 may comprise carbon in various forms, such as activated carbon, activated carbon fibre, carbide-derived carbon, carbon aerogel, graphite, graphene, and / or carbon nanotubes. For example, cathode and anode layers may range from 3 pm to 250 pm in thickness. Furthermore, the anode and cathode layer may comprise transition metal oxides such as ruthenium, iridium, iron, and / or manganese oxides, or electrically conductive polymers such as polypyrrole (PPy) , polyaniline (PANT) , pentacene, and / or polythiophene.

[0055] The solid electrolyte 130 the separator layer may be within the range of 0.5 pm to 250 pm thick.

[0056] The photovoltaic layer (s) may comprise a thin-film solar cell. The thin-film solar cell may comprise photoactive materials such as amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) , microcrystalline silicon (mc-Si:H) , gallium arsenide (GaAs) , cadmium telluride (CdTe) , and / or copper-indium- (gallium) -sulfur-selenium compounds.

[0057] The materials for producing the cathode 120, the solid electrolyte 130 and the anode 140 may be provided as pastes, to facilitate the screen printing process. Fig . 2 is a schematic view of a method 300 for producing the solid state energy storage module portion according to an exempli fying embodiment of the present invention . The method 300 for producing the energy storage module according to Fig . 4 comprises providing 310 the at least one optional structural layer and screen printing 320 the cathode , the solid electrolyte and the anode . Normally the cathode is screen printed first , but in principle one can also start with the anode . The solid electrolyte is screen printed in between the cathode and the anode .

[0058] The person skilled in the art reali zes that the present invention by no means is limited to the preferred embodiments described above . On the contrary, many modi fications and variations are possible within the scope of the appended claims .

[0059] For example , the energy storage module 100 , may have di f ferent shape , dimensions and / or si ze than those depicted / described .

Claims

CLAIMS1. An solid state energy storage (100) comprising: a) a cathode (120) , comprising a cathode material in particulate form and a polymeric binder (125) , b) a solid electrolyte (130) , comprising a solid electrolyte material and a polymeric binder (135) , c) an anode (140) comprising an anode material in particulate form and a polymeric binder (145) , wherein the cathode (120) , the solid electrolyte (130) , and the anode (140) are applied with screen printing.

2. The energy storage (100) according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage (100) comprises a protective layer (110) .

3. The energy storage module (100) according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the energy storage module (100) is a battery .

4. The energy storage module (100) according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the cathode (120) is applied on a current collector.

5. The energy storage module (100) according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the at least one protective layer (110) comprises at least one of a coating, a paint, and a f oil .

6. The energy storage module (100) according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the at least one protective layer (110) is at least partially transparent.

7. The energy storage module (100) according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the at least one energy storagemodule (100) is flexible, i.e having a Youngs modulus measured according to ISO 527-1:2019 of less than 1 GPa.

8. The energy storage module (100) according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the energy storage module (100) is manufactured without use of Prussian blue, lead, cadmium, cobalt, nickel, mercury, manganese, sulfuric acid, organic solvents, fluorinated compounds, antimony, arsenic, beryllium, thallium, selenium, perfluorinated compounds, polyvinylchloride, silicon, lithium, neodymium, dysprosium, and lanthanum.

9. The energy storage module (100) according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the energy storage module (100) is integrated in one selected from the group consisting of: i . a smartphone ii. a laptop iii. a tablet iv. a remote control v. a digital camera vi . a smartwatch vii. a fitness tracker viii. an electric vehicle ix. a hybrid vehicle x. an electric scooter xi . an e-bike xii. a drone xiii. an automobile starter battery xiv. a flashlight xv. a cordless power tool xvi . a wireless keyboard xvii. a wireless mouse xviii. a smoke detectorxix. a cordless vacuum cleaner xx. a backup power system xxi . a grid energy storage system xxii. a portable medical device xxiii. a measurement tool xxiv. a construction site tool xxv. a solar energy storage system xxvi . a smart meter xxvii. a security system xxviii. a sensor in remote locations xxix. a telecommunications backup power device xxx. a solar module, xxxi . a solar cell on a roof tile, xxxii. an electric scooter, xxxiii. a motorcycle, xxxiv. a residential energy storage system, xxxv. a commercial energy storage system with a capacity in the range 1-100 kWh, xxxvi . a large scale energy storage system with a capacity above 1 MWh, xxxvii. a large scale energy storage system with a capacity above 1 MWh in a container, xxxviii. a heater on textile, xxxix. a curtain, xl . a heater on tiles, xli. a heater on flooring, xlii. a heater on walls, xliii. an industrial heater, xliv. a fagade or roof solar module with integrated energy storage, xlv. an energy / battery management system, xlvi . a roof solar module with integrated heating, xlvii. a combined heater and energy storage device, xlviii. a bendable energy storage,xlix. a bendable solar paned with integrated energy storage,1. an automotive solar cell, li. an automotive combination of solar cells and energy storage, lii. an automotive combination of solar cells and energy storage printed on a metal foil or carbon, liii. an automotive combination of solar cells and / or energy storage printed on a metal foil or carbon adapted to be laminated or baked into a vehicle, liv. an automotive combination of solar cells and / or energy storage printed on metal before the metal is bent or worked,Iv. an aviation solar cell and / or energy storage, Ivi . a solar sail,Ivii. a solar cell on a camping van sun blind,Iviii. a curved solar panel, lix. an illumination stripes with solar panels and energy storage, lx. a lighting element in fashion,Ixi . a s smart panel comprising a passive solar panel and energy storage combination,Ixii. a surface heating on curved surfaces,Ixiii. a solar powered loT sensor,Ixiv. a heating element in clothes, comprising a solar panel ,Ixv. a wearable comprising armor with energy storage and solar panel,Ixvi . a heater on wallpaper,Ixvii. a rail sleeper with integrated photovoltaic,Ixviii. a heater on a click floor system,Ixix. a sound absorbing solar wall,Ixx. a perforated sheet solar panel for e.g. agricultural use or sound absorbing walls,Ixxi . a distributed battery storage, ixxii. a vehicle body with lighting and heating, Ixxiii. a device for induction charging.

10. The energy storage module (100) according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the cathode material in particulate form comprises particles with a size in the range 10 - 100 nm as measured according to ISO 19749:2021, and wherein the anode material in particulate form comprises particles with a size in the range 10 - 100 nm as measured according to ISO 19749:2021.

11. A method (300) for producing the solid state energy storage module (100) according to any one of claims 1-9, the method comprising the steps of: i. applying with screen printing a cathode material in particulate form and a polymeric binder (125) to form a cathode (120) , ii. applying with screen printing a solid electrolyte material and a polymeric binder (135) to form a solid electrolyte (130) , iii. applying with screen printing an anode material in particulate form and a polymeric binder (145) to form an anode (140) .

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the method comprises a step of adding at least one protective layer (110) .

13. The method according to any one of claims 11-12, wherein the energy storage module comprises at least one photovoltaic layer, wherein the step of screen printing further comprises screen printing the at least onephotovoltaic layer on the at least one energy storage layer to further form the energy storage module .

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