Novel liver detargeted AAV variants and uses thereof
AAV capsid proteins with targeted amino acid substitutions address liver accumulation issues, enhancing muscle transduction and reducing hepatotoxicity by minimizing liver tropism.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/094088
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-05-10
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing AAV vectors tend to accumulate in the liver, leading to hepatotoxicity and reducing the availability for muscle transduction, necessitating higher doses and increased costs, while current regulatory strategies like heparin binding mutation are limited to specific serotypes.
Development of AAV capsid proteins with specific amino acid substitutions, particularly in the VR I-VR IX region, to reduce liver tropism and enhance muscle transduction efficiency.
The modified AAV capsid proteins significantly reduce liver mRNA expression and biodistribution while maintaining muscle tropism, improving transduction efficiency and reducing hepatotoxicity.
Smart Images

Figure PCTCN2025094088-FTAPPB-I100001 
Figure PCTCN2025094088-FTAPPB-I100002 
Figure PCTCN2025094088-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
Novel liver detargeted AAV Variants and uses thereofPRIORITY
[0001] This application claims the benefit of, and priority to, PCT Application No. PCT / CN2024 / 092361, filed May 10, 2024, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present invention relates to a variant AAV capsid protein, especially refers to liver detargeted AAV variants.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors are widely used in vivo gene transfer. The rAAV vector is a non-enveloped carrier consisting of a shell of diameter 20 nm and 4.7 kb of single-stranded DNA. The genome carries two genes rep and cap, flanked by two back end regions called inverted terminal repeats (ITRs) . The cap gene encodes three structural proteins VP1, VP2, and VP3 that make up the AAV capsid. VP1, VP2, and VP3 share the same C-terminal as all VP3. Using AAV2 had reference, VP1 had 735 amino acid sequences (GenBank YP _680426) ; VP2 (598 amino acids) started from threonine 138 (T138) and VP3 (533 amino acids) started from methionine 203 (M203) . AAV serotypes are defined by their capsid. There are different serotypes, each showing its own tissue targeting specificity. Thus, the choice of using serotypes depends on the tissue to be transduced. Chimeric or hybrid AAV serotypes have been created by exchanging fragments of shell sequences between different naturally occurring AAV serotypes of capsids to increase AAV transduction efficiency or increase the handedness of AAV to target cells or tissue types.
[0004] However, all naturally occurring AAV serotypes and variants tested heretofore have a tendency to build up within the liver. This causes problems, particularly when AAV vectors are administered by systemic routes. First, transgenes intended for expression in muscles may have toxic effects on the liver. Second, AAV vectors enter the liver to reduce the number of vectors available for skeletal muscles. Therefore, higher doses of AAV vectors are required. This increases the cost of hepatotoxicity and carrier production.
[0005] Tissue specific promoters and microRNA-based gene regulatory strategies have been used to isolate gene expression patterns between different tissue types. However, this regulatory strategy does not preclude systemic administration of AAV vector genomes in off-target organs, such as the liver. The heparin binding is reduced by mutating the basic residues R585 or R588 of the capsid protein to eliminate heparin sulfate binding and remove the liver tropism of the AAV2 derived vector (Aokan et al., Nat Biotechnol., 2010, 28, 79 -82) . However, this strategy is only applicable to serotypes (e.g., AAV2 and AAV6) , which are determined by the basic residues bound heparin. Therefore, there is a need for new AAV vectors that are much lower in handedness than their tendencies. In addition, new vectors that can effectively infect muscle but cannot infect the liver would be more desirableSUMMARY
[0006] The present invention provides a variant AAV capsid protein comprising one or more amino acid substitutions, the capsid protein comprises a substituted amino acid sequence corresponding to VR I-VR IX region of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.
[0007] In one embodiment, the capsid protein is a substituted amino acid sequence corresponding to VR I-VR IX region of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.
[0008] In one embodiment, the variant AAV capsid protein comprising one or more amino acid substitutions, wherein the one or more amino acid substitutions are selected from G56F, K105Q, L125V, A135G, A164Q, N262DEL, S263N, T264Q, G267Q, S269T, N272A, V331T, K332T, D384N, K449R, I451Q, N452T, G453T, Q456T, N457A, N498Y, K557E, L609F, and Y738F.
[0009] In one embodiment, the variant AAV capsid protein comprising one or more amino acid substitutions, wherein the one or more amino acid substitutions are selected from G56F, K105Q, L125V, A135G, A164Q, N262DEL, S263N, T264Q, G267Q, S269T, N272A, V331T, K332T, D384N, K449R, I451Q, N452T, G453T, S263N, Q456T, N457A, N498Y, K557E, L609F, and Y738F.
[0010] In one embodiment, the capsid protein comprises: (i) N272A substitution; and / or (ii) one or a combination of any of the following substitutions: (1) Q456T; (2) N457A; (3) K557E; (4) Y738F.
[0011] In one embodiment, the capsid protein comprises: (i) T264Q substitution; and / or (ii) one or a combination of any of the following substitutions: (1) Q456T; (2) N457A; (3) K557E; (4) Y738F.
[0012] In one embodiment, the capsid protein comprises one of the following substitution or substitution combinations: (i) G56F, K105Q, L125V, A135G, A164Q, N262DEL, T264Q, G267Q, S269T, N272A, D384N, or K449R; (ii) N498Y and L609F; (iii) V331T and K332T; (iv) N272A and K557E; (v) N272A and Y738F; (vi) T264Q and Y738F; (vii) Q456T and N457A; (viii) I451Q, N452T and G453T; (ix) N272A, Q456T and N457A; (x) T264Q, Q456T and N457A; (xi) T264Q, Q456T, N457A and Y738F; (xii) T264Q, Q456T, N457A, K557E and Y738F.
[0013] In one embodiment, the capsid protein comprises one of the following substitution or substitution combinations: (i) G56F, K105Q, L125V, A135G, A164Q, N262DEL, T264Q, G267Q, S269T, N272A, D384N, or K449R; (ii) N498Y and L609F; (iii) V331T and K332T; (iv) N272A and K557E; (v) N272A and Y738F; (vi) T264Q and Y738F; (vii) Q456T and N457A; (viii) I451Q, N452T and G453T; (ix) N272A, Q456T and N457A; (x) T264Q, Q456T and N457A; (xi) T264Q, Q456T, N457A and Y738F; (xii) T264Q, Q456T, N457A, K557E and Y738F; (xiii) S263N, Q456T, N457A and T738F.
[0014] In one embodiment, the capsid protein comprises one of the following substitution or substitution combinations: (i) N262DEL, T264Q, G267Q, N272A, or D384N; (ii) N498Y and L609F; (iii) Q456T and N457A; (iv) I451Q, N452T, and G453T.
[0015] In one embodiment, the capsid protein comprises one substitution: G56F, K105Q, L125V, A135G, A164Q, N262DEL, T264Q, G267Q, S269T, N272A, D384N, or K449R.
[0016] In one embodiment, the capsid protein comprises one of the following substitution or substitution combinations: S263N; T264I; S265P; G267T; G267K; G267I; G267H; T264V, S268Y; T264V, S269P; T264V, N270K; T264V, N272T; G267R, D271E; S268Y, N272S; N270I, N272C; N270I, N272L; N270I, N272G; N270K, N272G; N272M; N272K; N272E; N272W; N272F; N272P; N272Y.
[0017] In one embodiment, the capsid protein comprises one of the following substitution or substitution combinations: G453A, S454A, G455P, N457S, Q458S, Q459P; G453A, S454T, G455H, Q456S, N457Q, Q458I, Q459P; G453A, S454T, G455P, Q456G, N457S, Q458S; G453C; G453E, G455M, Q456K, Q458V, Q459S; D441E; K449N; L439H; G453L, S454Q, G455R, Q456D, Q458N, Q459P; G453L, G455Q, Q456P, N457Q, Q458S, Q459S; G453L, S454T, G455P, Q456A, N457Q, Q458T, Q459P; G453L, S454T, G455S, N457S, Q458T, Q459N; G453M, G455P, Q456T, N457V, Q458S, Q459P; G453N, S454N, G455Q, Q456T, N457Q, Q458S, Q459P; G453P, S454T, G455A, Q456P, N457P, Q459A; G453Q, S454A, G455S, Q456T, N457V, Q458S, Q459P; G453Q, S454N, G455S, Q456G, N457G, Q458T, Q459P; G453Q, G455P, Q456S, Q458T, Q459P; G453Q, S454T, G455Q, Q456H, N457V, Q458S, Q459P; G453S, S454P, G455Q, Q456T, N457T; G453S, S454Q, G455P, Q456A, N457L, Q458S, Q459P; G453T, S454N, G455S, Q456G, N457L, Q458H, Q459P; G453T, S454P, G455E, Q456R, N457P, Q458M; G453T, S454P, G455S, Q456S, N457Q, Q458L, Q459S; G453T, G455P, Q456G, N457P, Q458N, Q459S; G453T, G455Q, Q456I, Q458N, Q459P; G453T, G455S, Q456S, N457G, Q458T, Q459P; G453T, S454T, G455L, Q456P, Q458H, Q459P; G453T, S454T, G455Q, Q456S, N457Q, Q458L, Q459P; G453V, S454A, G455S, Q456K, N457T, Q458D, Q459P; G453V; insertion MTAARPL after Q588.
[0018] The present invention provides an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence that encodes the above variant AAV capsid protein or vectors comprising the above polynucleotides.
[0019] The present invention provides an isolated, genetically modified host cell comprising the above polynucleotide.
[0020] The present invention provides a recombinant AAV virion comprising above variant AAV capsid protein.
[0021] In one specific embodiment, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising: a) a recombinant adeno-associated virus virion disclosed in the present invention; and b) a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
[0022] In another aspect, the present invention provides a recombinant AAV vector, comprising a polynucleotide encoding a variant AAV capsid protein of invention, and an AAV 5’ inverted terminal repeat (ITR) , an engineered nucleic acid sequence encoding a functional gene product, a regulatory sequence which directs expression of the gene product in a target cell, and an AAV 3’ ITR.
[0023] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a method of delivering a nucleic acid vector encoding a functional gene product to cells and / or tissues with a recombinant AAV virion or recombinant AAV vector of the present invention.
[0024] In one specific embodiment, the present invention also provides the use of a recombinant AAV virion or recombinant AAV vector of the present invention in the preparation of product for delivering a nucleic acid vector encoding a functional gene product to cells and / or tissues.
[0025] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a method of treating disease, the method comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a recombinant AAV virion of the present invention, the recombinant AAV virion comprises functional gene product.
[0026] In one specific embodiment, the present invention also provides the use of a recombinant AAV virion or recombinant AAV vector of the present invention in the preparation of product for treating disease to a subject in need thereof; preferably, the disease is selected from the group consisting of liver disease, central nervous system diseases, and other diseases.
[0027] In one specific embodiment, the gene product is a polypeptide.
[0028] In one specific embodiment, the disease is selected from the group consisting of an auto immune disease; a cancer; a muscular dystrophy; a neuro-muscular disease; a sugar or glycogen storage disease; an expanded repeat disease; a dominant negative disease; a cardiomyopathy; a viral disease; a progeroid disease.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] Figure 1 shows AVT919 protein sequence annotation, there are ten variable regions in AVT919 protein shown in the figure, and mutations as the annotation were made on different VRs to remove the liver tropism of AVT919.
[0030] Figure 2 shows the RepCap plasmid (pAVT9150) , mutations were introduced to AVT919 by PCR and verified by Sanger sequencing. Then the plasmids were used as repcap plasmid for AAV packing using 293T cell by triple transfection.
[0031] Figure 3 shows mRNA levels of AVT919 mutations, liver de-targeting mutations of AVT919 generated a series of AVT919 variants that have significantly reduced liver mRNA expression while maintaining muscle tropism.
[0032] Figure 4 shows the gDNA level of AVT919 mutations, liver de-targeting mutations of AVT919 generated a series AVT919 variants that have significantly reduced liver biodistribution while maintaining muscle tropism.
[0033] Figure 5 shows mRNA levels of AVT919 mutations, liver de-targeting mutations of AVT919 generated a series of AVT919 variants that have significantly reduced liver mRNA expression while maintained muscle tropism.
[0034] Figure 6 shows gDNA levels of AVT919 mutations, liver de-targeting mutations of AVT919 generated a series of AVT919 variants that have significantly reduced liver biodistribution while maintained muscle tropism.
[0035] Figure 7 shows mRNA levels of AVT919 mutations, liver de-targeting mutations of AVT919 generated a series of AVT919 variants that have significantly reduced liver mRNA expression while maintained muscle tropism.
[0036] Figure 8 shows gDNA levels of AVT919 mutations, liver de-targeting mutations of AVT919 generated a series AVT919 variants that have significantly reduced liver biodistribution while maintained muscle tropism.
[0037] Figure 9 shows the mRNA level of 9145-mix in NHP.
[0038] Figure 10 shows the DNA distribution of 9145-mix in NHP.
[0039] Figure 11 shows the mRNA level of 9150-mix in NHP.
[0040] Figure 12 shows the DNA distribution of 9150-mix in NHP.
[0041] Figure 13 shows the enrichment score of 18-mix mRNA level.
[0042] Figure 14 shows an enrichment score of 18-mix gDNA level.
[0043] Figure 15 shows 80 mutations generated from Loop I scanning of AVT919.
[0044] Figure 16 shows random substitution mutation library was generated form Loop IV.
[0045] Figure 17 shows mRNA levels of AVT9313.
[0046] Figure 18 shows the gDNA level of AVT9313.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0047] The following description of the disclosure is merely intended to illustrate various embodiments of the disclosure. As such, the specific modifications discussed are not to be construed as limitations on the scope of the disclosure. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various equivalents, changes, and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure, and it is understood that such equivalent embodiments are to be included herein. All references cited herein, including publications, patents, and patent applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
[0048] The articles “a” , “an” , and “the” are used herein to refer to one or more than one (i.e., to at least one) of the grammatical object of the article.
[0049] As used herein, the term “about” or “approximately” refers to a quantity, level, value, number, frequency, percentage, dimension, size, amount, weight, or length that varies by as much as 30, 25, 20, 25, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 or 1%to a reference quantity, level, value, number, frequency, percentage, dimension, size, amount, weight, or length. In particular embodiments, the terms “about” or “approximately” when preceding a numerical value indicates the value plus or minus a range of 15%, 10%, 5%, or 1%.
[0050] Throughout this disclosure, unless the context requires otherwise, the words “comprise” , “comprises” and “comprising” will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated step or element or group of steps or elements but not the exclusion of any other step or element or group of steps or elements. By “consisting of” is meant including, and limited to, whatever follows the phrase “consisting of” . Thus, the phrase “consisting of” indicates that the listed elements are required or mandatory, and that no other elements may be present. By “consisting essentially of” is meant including any elements listed after the phrase, and limited to other elements that do not interfere with or contribute to the activity or action specified in the disclosure for the listed elements. Thus, the phrase “consisting essentially of” indicates that the listed elements are required or mandatory, but that other elements are optional and may or may not be present depending upon whether they affect the activity or action of the listed elements.
[0051] As used herein, the term "subject" includes any human or nonhuman animal. The term "nonhuman animal" includes all vertebrates, e.g., mammals and non-mammals, such as cynomolgus, nonhuman primates, sheep, dogs, cats, horses, cows, chickens, amphibians, reptiles, etc. Except when noted, the terms "patient" or "subject" are used interchangeably.
[0052] The terms "treatment" and "therapeutic method" refer to both therapeutic treatment and prophylactic / preventative measures. Those in need of treatment may include individuals already having a particular medical disorder as well as those who may ultimately acquire the disorder.
[0053] As used herein, the term “amino acid substitution” includes Substitution and Deletion. Substitution is a sequence change where, compared to a reference sequence, one amino acid is replaced by one other amino acid. e.g., G56F means G is replaced by F at position 56 of the sequence compared to the reference amino acid sequence. Deletion is a sequence change where, compared to a reference sequence, one or more nucleotides are not present (deleted) . In one specific embodiment, "DEL" indicates a deletion. e.g., N262DEL means a deletion mutation at position 262 of the sequence compared to the reference amino acid sequence.
[0054] In certain embodiments, the conditions and disorders include tumors and cancers, for example, non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, renal cell cancer, colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric carcinoma, bladder cancer, esophageal cancer, mesothelioma, melanoma, head and neck cancer, thyroid cancer, sarcoma, prostate cancer, glioblastoma, cervical cancer, thymic carcinoma, leukemia, lymphomas, myelomas, mycoses fungoids, merkel cell cancer, and other hematologic malignancies, such as classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) , primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma, T-cell / histiocyte-rich B-cell lymphoma, EBV-positive and -negative PTLD, and EBV-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) , plasmablastic lymphoma, extranodal NK / T-cell lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and HHV8-associated primary effusion lymphoma, Hodgkin′slymphoma, neoplasm of the central nervous system (CNS) , such as primary CNS lymphoma, spinal axis tumor, brain stem glioma. In one specific embodiment, the disease is muscle disease or disorder selected from the group consisting of an auto immune disease; a cancer; a muscular dystrophy; a neuro-muscular disease; a sugar or glycogen storage disease; an expanded repeat disease; a dominant negative disease; a cardiomyopathy; a viral disease; a progeroid disease, wherein the expanded repeat disease is Huntington's disease, a Myotonic Dystrophy, or Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) , wherein the muscular dystrophy is Duchene muscular dystrophy, Becker Muscular dystrophy, a Limb-Girdle muscular dystrophy, an Emery Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, a myotonic dystrophy, or FSH, wherein the myotonic dystrophy is Type 1 or Type 2, wherein the cardiomyopathy is dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, DMD-associated cardiomyopathy, or Dannon disease, wherein the sugar or glycogen storage disease is a MPS type III disease or Pompe disease, wherein the MPS type III disease, is MPS Type IIIA, IIIB, IIIC, or IIID, wherein the neuro-muscular disease is Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease or Friedreich's Ataxia, or any combination thereof. EXAMPLES The equipments and reagents
[0055] Table 1. The equipment used in the invention.
[0056] Table 2. The regents and supplies used in the study. Example 1: Variants generation and in vivo screening 1.1 Cell culture HEK293T cells were purchased from National Collection of Authenticated Cell (SCSP-502) . HEK293 was thawed rapidly by gentle agitation in a 37℃ water bath for 2 minutes. Thawed cells were added to pre-warmed media, centrifuged at low speed to remove freeze media and subsequently resuspended in high-glucose Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) , supplemented with Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) to a final concentration of 10%. Then the cells were grown in a humidified incubator at 37℃, supplemented with 5%CO2, growth media should be replaced every 2-3 days. For cell transfection: a) Inoculating cells: 24 hours before transfection, the cell plating was performed, and the cell state was observed before transfection. When the cell density was 70%-80%and in good condition without pollution, it could be transfected; b) Configuration plasmid-PEI transfection complex: plasmid: PEI=1: 1, the Helper plasmid, Repcap plasmid and GOI plasmid were added to each 150 dish at 58 ug of the total amount of plasmid, and the transfection complex was prepared and left for 15 min; c) Transfection was performed with transfection complex: medium with serum = 1: 10, and transfection was completed by dropping the transfection complex into 150 mm dish; d) cultured for 72 hours, virus was harvested. 1.2 Construction of AAV plasmids
[0057] The Repcap plasmid of AVT919 (pAVT919) was used as template (SEQ ID NO: 62) , mutations were introduced to pAVT919 by PCR and verified by sanger sequencing. Then the plasmids with mutations were used as Repcap plasmid for AAV packaging use 293T cell by triple transfection. The sequences of SEQ ID NO: 1 are the translated amino acids of SEQ ID: 62. The sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 is the full sequence of VP1 of AVT919.
[0058] Table 3. Mutation List of AVT919. AAV capsid library packaging
[0059] All variants plus controls (AAV9 and AVT919) were individually packaged with green fluorescent protein (GFP) -2A-luciferase transgene driven by Chicken β-actin (CBA) promoter. All capsids were produced in HEK293 cells by triple plasmid transfection with PEIpro (Polyplus) . Three days after transfection, the cells were harvested for lysis, Benzonase (Sigma, E1014-25KU) treatment, and proceeded to iodixanol gradient ultracentrifugation purification method. After buffer exchange using PBS with 0.001%F68, the AAV was filtered through 0.22 μm. The titer was measured by ddPCR using an ITR primer and probes. The purity of AAV was assessed by SDS-PAGE.
[0060] Table 4. AAV titer Example 2: Validation of novel capsids in mice
[0061] Six-week-old Babl / c mice were intravenously (tail vein) injected with those AAVs (4E11 vg / mouse) . The tissues (gastrocnemius, heart, and liver) were harvested three weeks post injection (wpi) for the total RNA and genomic DNA isolation. The AAV-mediated transgene mRNA level was quantified and analyzed by RT-qPCR. The mouse GAPDH ( label) was used as reference. Compared to AAV9 wild type, AVT9148 had 24-fold reduction in liver mRNA expression, AVT9147 had 22-fold reduction in liver mRNA expression and AVT9136 had 69-fold reduction in liver mRNA expression (Figure 3) , here 9136 is used as positive control as mutation N272A was reported (Bell CL, Gurda BL, Van Vliet K, Agbandje-McKenna M, Wilson JM. Identification of the galactose binding domain of the adeno-associated virus serotype 9 capsid. J Virol. 2012 Jul; 86 (13) : 7326-33. doi: 10.1128 / JVI. 00448-12. Epub 2012 Apr 18. PMID: 22514350; PMCID: PMC3416318) .
[0062] Adult male Balb / c mice were intravenously injected (4E11 vg / mouse) with AVT9313-100-042GK containing CB-Fluc-2A-GFP. Two weeks after injection, tissues were harvested and transgene mRNA levels were analyzed by RT-qPCR. The result shows in Figure 17. Compared to AAV9 wild type, AVT9313 had greater mRNA expression in quadricep, diaphragm, and heart.
[0063] The AAV vector genome copies were analyzed by ddPCR. The mouse TFRC ( label) was used as reference (TaqMan: 4458367) . The primers / probe (FAM label) against Fluc was used for AAV genome. And in DNA level, compared to AAV9 wild type, AVT9148 had 11-fold reduction in liver biodistribution, AVT9147 had 10-fold reduction in liver biodistribution, AVT9136 had 262-fold reduction in liver biodistribution (Figure 4) .
[0064] Adult male Balb / c mice were intravenously injected (4E11 vg / mouse) with rAAVs containing CB-Fluc-2A-GFP. Two weeks after injection, tissues were harvested and vector genome copies by ddPCR with TFRC as a reference. The primers / probe (FAM label) against Fluc was used for AAV genome. The result shows in Figure 18. And in DNA level, compared to AAV9 wild type, AVT9313 had greater DNA biodistribution in muscle tissues and liver de-targeting.
[0065] Table 5. Primer and probes used for mouse and monkey validation
[0066] Six-week-old C57BL / 6 mice were intravenously (tail vein) injected with those AAVs (4E11 vg / mouse) . The tissues (Quadriceps, gastrocnemius, heart, and liver) were harvested four weeks post injection (wpi) for the total RNA and genomic DNA isolation. The AAV-mediated transgene mRNA level was quantified and analyzed by RT-qPCR. The mouse GAPDH ( label) was used as reference. The AAV vector genome copies were analyzed by ddPCR. The mouse TFRC ( label) was used as reference. The primers / probe (FAM label) against Fluc was used for AAV genome. AVT9147, AVT9148, AVT9174, AVT9177, and AVT9178 showed reduction in liver and did not significantly affect muscle tropism compared to AVT919, AVT9150, AVT9151, and AVT9152 almost has no liver tropism, but significantly lower in muscle (Figure 5-8) . Example 3: Validation of novel capsids in NHP
[0067] Variants plus controls (AAV9 and AVT919) were individually packaged with CB-FXN-protein tag (VSV, AVI, HA, HU, Flag, and Myc) transgene or CB-FXN-Barcodes. All AAVs were produced in HEK293 cells by triple plasmid transfection with PEIpro (Polyplus) .
[0068] Three adult cynomolgus macaque (4-5 years old, ~3 kg) was intravenously injected with those capsids. Three weeks post injection (wpi) , the tissues were collected for total RNA and genomic DNA isolation. The total RNA was treated with DNase I to remove AAV genomes. The cap9 specific mRNA was reverse transcribed and amplified by PCR (RT-PCR) . The genomic DNA was used for cap9 specific PCR. The pooled (for NHP injection) AAV vector DNA was amplified by PCR with minimal cycles. All the purified PCR products were subjected to NGS (NovaSeq 6000 S4 Reagent Kit v1.5, 300 cycles) for #1401, the enrichment score (ES) was analyzed by customized pipeline. qPCR for mRNA expression level and ddPCR for DNA distribution were performed for #1101 and #1201, The monkey RNase P ( label) was used as reference (TaqMan: 4403328) .
[0069] Table 6. First round of NHP validation samples.
[0070] Table 7. AVT919 variants and GOI packaged. Repcap-9145-mix Repcap-9150-mix: Repcap-18-mix:
[0071] Adult cynomolgus macaque #1101 were injected with different mutations expressing CB-FXN-protein tag with 4E12 vg / kg / tag with intravenous administration. Three weeks post injection, monkeys were sacrificed and mRNA expression level and DNA distribution were analyzed. Relative to 919, 9145, 9147 and 9148 showed liver de-targeted and not significantly affect muscle tropism (Figure 9 and 10) .
[0072] Adult cynomolgus macaque #1201 were injected with different mutations expressing CB-FXN-protein tag with 4E12vg / kg / tag with intravenous administration. Three weeks after injection, Monkeys were sacrificed and mRNA expression level and DNA distribution were analyzed. Relative to AVT919, AVT9150, AVT9151, AVT9152 showed liver de-targeted and AVT9150 and AVT9151 not significantly affect muscle tropism (Figure 11 and 12) .
[0073] Adult cynomolgus macaque #1401 were injected with AVT919, AAV9 and 16 mutations expressing CB-FXN-Barcode with 2E13 vg / kg with intravenous administration. Three weeks after injection, #1401 was sacrificed and cDNA and gDNA were analyzed with NGS. Relative to AVT919 and AAV9, AVT9150, AVT9151, AVT9152, AVT9145, AVT9136 showed liver de-targeted (Figure 13 and 14) . Example 4: The Second round AVT919 mutation 4.1 Loop I scanning and Loop IV substitution library generation and screen in NPH
[0074] From the data of the first round mutations validation, we found the key amino acids affect AVT919 liver tropism are in loop I and loop IV, so we make a second round mutation. One library is 4 amino acids (N262, T264, G267 and N272) scanning with all 20 amino acids totally 80 mutations. And the other one is loop IV (G453SGQNQQ459) random substitution library. Both libraries were generated by PCR using the following primers.
[0075] Table 8. PCR primers for the second round libraries generation.
[0076] The DNA fragment libraries were generated by PCR with AVT919 VP1 coding sequence as template.
[0077] Table 9.
[0078] The purified PCR products were assembled into the inverted terminal repeat (ITR) -containing library backbone with synthetic promoter SCC45, p41, AVT919 VP1 and bovine growth hormone (bGH) poly A. The p41 promoter was used to drive capsid gene expression for AAV library production only in the presence of Ad5 helper gene products. The synthetic promoter was aimed to recover Cap9 mRNA expressed in specific tissues. The assembled library DNA was used for AAV library production by co-transfecting pHelper and pRep2-AAP in HEK293 cells.
[0079] Amino acid scanning was conducted at N262, T264, G267, and N272 in AVT919. Mutations were introduced by the NNK primer and plasmid structure is shown on the figure. Then all four libraries were packaged use 293T cell by triple transfection and mixed together named 80-mix. Adult cynomolgus macaque #1301 were injected with 1.79E13 vg / kg with intravenous administration. Three weeks after injection, #1301 was sacrificed and cDNA and gDNA were analyzed with NGS (Figure 15) .
[0080] The mutation library was substitute 7 amino acids between N452 to T460 in AVT919 with random amino acids. Then the library was packaged use 293T cell by triple transfection and screen in cynomolgus macaque for two rounds. At the second round adult cynomolgus macaque #1601 were injected with 5.5E13 vg / kg with intravenous administration. Three weeks after injection, #1601 was sacrificed and cDNA and gDNA were analyzed with NGS (Figure 16) .
[0081] The purified AAV viral libraries (Lib#1, Lib#2) were intravenously injected to Cynomolgus macaque and the tissues were harvested 21 days after injection. The total RNA was isolated and treated with Dnase I. The cap9 specific mRNA was reverse transcribed and amplified by PCR (RT-PCR) for next-generation sequencing (NGS) . The enriched candidates were selected by customized enrichment score analysis. 24 top variants form Lib#1 and bench markers (AVT919, AAV9, AVT9174, AVT9245, AVT9246, AVT9247) were selected and individually packaged for in vivo characterization.
[0082] Table 10. Candidates from Lib#1 for NPH validation.
[0083] While, after the cap9 specific mRNA was reverse transcribed and amplified by PCR, the Lib#2 fragments were recovered and assembled into the ITR-containing library backbone again for the second round screen. After two rounds screen in NHP, 31 candidates including bench markers (AVT919, AAV9, AVT971) were selected and individually packaged for in vivo characterization.
[0084] Table 11. Candidates from Lib#2 for NPH validation 4.2 Validation in NPH
[0085] Table 12. cDNA level ES scores of liver de-targeting capsids in loop I mutation.
[0086] Table 13. cDNA level ES scores of liver de-targeting capsids in loop IV mutation.
[0087] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can understand that modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the purport of the present invention. The manner of modifications and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1.A variant AAV capsid protein comprising one or more amino acid substitutions corresponding to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein the one or more amino acid substitutions are selected from G56F, K105Q, L125V, A135G, A164Q, N262DEL, S263N, T264Q, G267Q, S269T, N272A, V331T, K332T, D384N, K449R, I451Q, N452T, G453T, Q456T, N457A, N498Y, K557E, L609F, and Y738F.2.The variant AAV capsid protein of claim 1, wherein the one or more amino acid substitutions further comprise S263N.3.The variant AAV capsid protein of claim 1, wherein the capsid protein comprises(i) N272A substitution; and / or(ii) one or a combination of any of the following substitutions:(1) Q456T; (2) N457A; (3) K557E; (4) Y738F.4.The variant AAV capsid protein of claim 1, wherein the capsid protein comprises(i) T264Q substitution; and / or(ii) one or a combination of any of the following substitutions:(1) Q456T; (2) N457A; (3) K557E; (4) Y738F.5.The variant AAV capsid protein of claim 1, wherein the capsid protein comprises one of the following substitution or substitution combinations:(i) G56F, K105Q, L125V, A135G, A164Q, N262DEL, T264Q, G267Q, S269T, N272A, D384N, or K449R.(ii) N498Y and L609F;(iii) V331T and K332T;(iv) N272A and K557E;(v) N272A and Y738F;(vi) T264Q and Y738F;(vii) Q456T and N457A;(viii) I451Q, N452T and G453T;(ix) N272A, Q456T and N457A;(x) T264Q, Q456T and N457A;(xi) T264Q, Q456T, N457A and Y738F;(xii) T264Q, Q456T, N457A, K557E and Y738F.6.The variant AAV capsid protein of claim 1 or 2, wherein the capsid protein comprises (xiii) S263N, Q456T, N457A and T738F.7.The variant AAV capsid protein of claim 1, wherein the capsid protein comprises one of the following substitution or substitution combinations:(i) N262DEL, T264Q, G267Q, N272A, or D384N;(ii) N498Y and L609F;(iii) Q456T and N457A;(iv) I451Q, N452T and G453T.8.The variant AAV capsid protein of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the capsid protein comprises one of the following substitution or substitution combinations:S263N; T264I; S265P; G267T; G267K; G267I; G267H;T264V, S268Y;T264V, S269P;T264V, N270K;T264V, N272T;G267R, D271E;S268Y, N272S;N270I, N272C;N270I, N272L;N270I, N272G;N270K, N272G;N272M; N272K; N272E; N272W; N272F; N272P; N272Y.9.The variant AAV capsid protein of any one of claims 1-8, wherein the capsid protein comprises one of the following substitution or substitution combinations:G453A, S454A, G455P, N457S, Q458S, Q459P;G453A, S454T, G455H, Q456S, N457Q, Q458I, Q459P;G453A, S454T, G455P, Q456G, N457S, Q458S;G453C;G453E, G455M, Q456K, Q458V, Q459S;D441E;K449N;L439H;G453L, S454Q, G455R, Q456D, Q458N, Q459P;G453L, G455Q, Q456P, N457Q, Q458S, Q459S;G453L, S454T, G455P, Q456A, N457Q, Q458T, Q459P;G453L, S454T, G455S, N457S, Q458T, Q459N;G453M, G455P, Q456T, N457V, Q458S, Q459P;G453N, S454N, G455Q, Q456T, N457Q, Q458S, Q459P;G453P, S454T, G455A, Q456P, N457P, Q459A;G453Q, S454A, G455S, Q456T, N457V, Q458S, Q459P;G453Q, S454N, G455S, Q456G, N457G, Q458T, Q459P;G453Q, G455P, Q456S, Q458T, Q459P;G453Q, S454T, G455Q, Q456H, N457V, Q458S, Q459P;G453S, S454P, G455Q, Q456T, N457T;G453S, S454Q, G455P, Q456A, N457L, Q458S, Q459P;G453T, S454N, G455S, Q456G, N457L, Q458H, Q459P;G453T, S454P, G455E, Q456R, N457P, Q458M;G453T, S454P, G455S, Q456S, N457Q, Q458L, Q459S;G453T, G455P, Q456G, N457P, Q458N, Q459S;G453T, G455Q, Q456I, Q458N, Q459P;G453T, G455S, Q456S, N457G, Q458T, Q459P;G453T, S454T, G455L, Q456P, Q458H, Q459P;G453T, S454T, G455Q, Q456S, N457Q, Q458L, Q459P;G453V, S454A, G455S, Q456K, N457T, Q458D, Q459P;G453V;insertion MTAARPL after Q588.10.An isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence that encodes a variant AAV capsid protein of any one of claims 1 to 9.11.A vector comprising the isolated polynucleotide of claim 10.12.An isolated, genetically modified host cell comprising the polynucleotide of claim 10.13.A recombinant AAV virion comprising a variant AAV capsid protein of claims 1 to 9.14.A pharmaceutical composition comprising:a) a recombinant adeno-associated virus virion of claim 13; andb) a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.15.A recombinant AAV vector, comprising a polynucleotide encoding a variant AAV capsid protein of any one of claims 1 to 9, and an AAV 5’ inverted terminal repeat (ITR) , an engineered nucleic acid sequence encoding a functional gene product, a regulatory sequence which directs expression of the gene product in a target cell, and an AAV 3’ ITR.16.A method of delivering a nucleic acid vector encoding a functional gene product to cells and / or tissues with a recombinant AAV virion of claim 13 or recombinant AAV vector of claim 11.17.A method of treating disease, the method comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a recombinant AAV virion of claim 13, the recombinant AAV virion comprises functional gene product.18.The method of any one of claim 16 or 17, wherein the gene product is a polypeptide.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Adeno-associated virus variant capsids and methods of use thereof
CA3076348A1
Capsid variants and methods of using the same
CA3220810A1
Hybrid recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype between aav9 and aavrh74 with reduced liver tropism
EP3775173A1
Modified AAV capsid polypeptides for treatment of muscular diseases
US20210363193A1
Modified AAV capsid polypeptides for treatment of muscular diseases
WO2019207132A1