Extruded building blocks with inserted insulation panels and associated wall structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a mono-wall built by an innovative construction method using a single prefabricated block to form both the outer and inner partitions of a wall structure. Unlike traditional methods that make use of two partitions separated by a void for insulation, this technique revolutionizes the construction process by incorporating all the necessary elements in a single block. The invention also relates to extruded building blocks (1) and (2) comprising a framework and at least one inner cutout in which insulation panels (3) are arranged and to an associated wall structure that are designed to improve energy efficiency by eliminating thermal bridges. The blocks are available in "S" form (1) and "M" form (2) and incorporate specific openings allowing the insertion of insulation panels such as those based on expanded or extruded polystyrene, rock wool or polyurethane. The incorporation of the insulation panels in the building blocks provides exceptional thermal and acoustic insulation, while at the same time simplifying the construction process and reducing costs. The blocks easily fit into the recesses of the blocks, providing an interconnection that eliminates the thermal bridges and maintains uniform insulation.

Description

[0001] Extruded building blocks with integrated insulation panels and associated wall structure

[0002] DESCRIPTION

[0003] TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0004] The present invention relates to the field of construction and, more specifically, to building blocks and the associated wall structure, intended to be used as single-layer insulating blocks by inserting insulating panels, with the aim of eliminating thermal bridges in mortar joints and improving the thermal and acoustic resistance of buildings.

[0005] STATE OF THE ART

[0006] For decades, traditional building construction has relied on assembling various load-bearing elements such as solid concrete blocks, stones, and terracotta or unfired clay bricks of varying shapes and sizes, joined together with mortar or by interlocking. However, in order to address climate and comfort challenges in homes, increasing emphasis has been placed on thermal insulation. This evolution has led to stricter thermal standards and specifications aimed at improving the insulation of residential buildings, and consequently, reducing the use of heating and cooling systems.

[0007] This evolution has not left construction methods unchanged. Various wall assembly and insulation techniques have been explored, leading to the creation of new, more practical and efficient building elements. Today, building partitions often consist of a double wall into which insulation can be injected or panels can be glued directly to the interior face of the exterior wall. Exterior insulation is also possible, using insulated wall systems, thus eliminating thermal bridges. Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) blocks and concrete blocks with expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam inserts are commonly used for their excellent insulating properties. These blocks are designed to provide effective thermal insulation by reducing the wall's thermal conductivity.

[0008] Recent innovations include blocks with integrated insulating inserts, such as those using polyurethane foam or expanded polystyrene beads, which aim to combine the structural strength of masonry materials with the benefits of internal insulation. These blocks are often used in high-energy-performance buildings, such as passive houses or net-zero energy homes.

[0009] For example, Chinese invention No. CN212129654 relates to a self-insulating building block in the shape of an "S," designed to improve thermal insulation and reduce the energy consumption of buildings. The block consists of an S-shaped shell with rectangular holes (A and B) located in the upper, middle, and lower parts of the block. These holes, arranged parallel to each other, incorporate slots for the insertion of insulating foam, thus improving thermal performance. However, despite the theoretical effectiveness of the internal insulation, thermal bridges remain at the vertical and horizontal mortar joints, which degrades the overall thermal insulation performance of the wall once constructed. Indeed, thermal bridges, present at the mortar joints in the construction, constitute a significant weakness in the thermal insulation of buildings.A thermal bridge is defined as an area where insulation is interrupted, allowing for faster heat transfer. In the case of building blocks like those described in this invention, although each individual block has good insulation capacity, the mortar joints, particularly the vertical and horizontal ones, act as channels through which heat can escape. These areas of thermal continuity between the blocks create a path of least resistance for heat conduction through the wall, thus reducing overall thermal efficiency.

[0010] The mortar used to seal the blocks has a significantly higher thermal conductivity than the insulating materials embedded within the blocks themselves. This creates an imbalance in the wall's thermal distribution. Heat flow through the mortar joints results in greater heat loss than predicted by the theoretical performance of the insulating blocks. In a construction where the blocks are stacked and bonded with mortar joints, each vertical and horizontal joint acts as a thermal bridge, thus increasing the building's total heat loss.

[0011] In terms of their effects, thermal bridges can lead to significant temperature differences between the inside and outside of a building, resulting in increased energy requirements to maintain a comfortable indoor temperature. These differences can also cause condensation and dampness on interior walls, promoting mold growth, which affects not only the building's energy performance but also indoor air quality. From an energy analysis perspective, thermal bridges increase the wall's heat transfer coefficient (U-value), thus degrading the building's overall thermal insulation.

[0012] Another example of the prior art is WO2010 / 135626, which concerns a building block used for wall cladding, designed to simplify installation and improve thermal insulation and weather resistance. The blocks comprise a lightweight expanded polystyrene body, offering high thermal resistance, and a cementitious facing, providing durability and aesthetic appeal. The blocks interlock using a bracket-based fixing system, forming a continuous and watertight barrier.

[0013] The manufacturing method involves pouring the face material onto the block body in a mold, creating a solid bond and preventing any relative movement between the components. Molding frames and shoes are used to compact the cementitious mixture, producing decorative patterns and chamfered edges. The blocks are installed on mounting brackets, aligned, and secured with hooks, with jointing and sealing systems for improved watertightness.

[0014] The blocks can be used to clad interior and exterior walls, improving appearance, thermal insulation, and weather protection. The block faces can be textured, polished, colored, and decorated to mimic natural materials such as stone or wood, thus offering varied and flexible aesthetic solutions for building construction and renovation. Despite the advantages of the invention described in patent WO2010 / 135626, several drawbacks must be considered. First, the expanded polystyrene used for insulation is less durable and fire-resistant than other building materials, which limits its use in demanding environments. Furthermore, the manufacturing method, requiring specific molds and high precision, increases production costs and the risk of defects.Another major drawback is that the significant thickness of the blocks reduces the interior living space, which can be particularly problematic in small or expensive spaces.

[0015] Another prior art document, CN201016198 Y, proposes a composite building and insulation block made of lightweight aggregate, consisting of two opposing multi-row, perforated lightweight aggregate building blocks with a concrete transverse rib connected to the blocks. Between the two blocks, an insulating layer is integrated and connected to the concrete transverse ribs and the lightweight aggregate blocks. This insulating layer can be made of molded polystyrene foam panels or extruded polystyrene.

[0016] The invention also allows for the insertion of insulating separation plates or insulating materials into the holes of the lightweight aggregate blocks. These plates can be molded or extruded polystyrene panels, and the insulating materials can include foam concrete or polyphenyl particles.

[0017] Despite the advantages of the described invention, several drawbacks must be considered. The manufacture of these composite blocks requires complex processes to integrate the insulating layers and concrete ribs, which can increase production costs and lengthen manufacturing times. Furthermore, the construction process demands precise handling to correctly insert the insulating layers and ribs, which can make installation more complicated and laborious.

[0018] Furthermore, the mortar joints between building blocks can significantly contribute to the formation of thermal and acoustic bridges due to their physical properties and method of application. In terms of thermal conductivity, traditional mortar used in construction has a considerably higher thermal conductivity than insulating materials. This difference results in increased heat loss through the mortar joints, as these joints allow for faster and more efficient heat transfer than insulating materials. Thus, the thermal bridges created by mortar joints can significantly reduce the overall energy efficiency of an insulated wall.

[0019] Another prior art document relates to Chinese patent application No. CN202284357, which proposes a solution for reducing thermal bridging in mortar joints and improving the energy efficiency and seismic resistance of insulated walls. The insulating building block consists of a load-bearing element and an insulating material. The load-bearing element can be a prefabricated hollow concrete building block. Through holes for thermal insulation are distributed across the surface of the mortar joints, and strip-shaped insulation grooves are arranged on both end surfaces and filled with insulating material. These blocks are then filled with insulating materials, such as foam blocks inserted into the through holes and strip-shaped insulation grooves, to obtain finished products called insulating building blocks.The application also states that the masonry method comprises several stages to successively construct different layers of wall using primary and auxiliary building blocks. The vertical and horizontal mortar joints are transformed into bent planes instead of traditional flats, thus lengthening the heat transfer path.

[0020] Although the invention attempts to reduce thermal bridging, the complexity of the joint and cavity shapes still allows for the existence of thermal and acoustic bridges at the joints. Mortar joints can act as points of heat conduction and sound transmission, thus reducing the overall effectiveness of the insulation.

[0021] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0022] In order to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art and to remove thermal bridges, the invention proposes an innovative solution based on the construction of a single wall using a unique prefabricated block to form both the exterior and interior walls of a wall structure. Unlike traditional methods that rely on two walls separated by a layer of insulation, this technique combines all the elements into a single block. This single wall consists of "S"-shaped and "M"-shaped blocks arranged so that their exterior surfaces are in contact, thus forming a continuous wall structure. The blocks include a parallel front wall section and a parallel back wall section, as well as longitudinal compartments in the top and bottom walls for the insertion of horizontal insulation panels. These blocks also feature through-holes, improving the overall insulation performance.

[0023] One of the main advantages of this method is the simplification of the construction process. By integrating the functions of exterior and interior walls into a single block, the need for multiple layers of materials is eliminated. This reduces construction steps, working time, and the labor required, thus enabling faster and more efficient project execution. Consequently, this approach generates substantial savings in construction costs. Furthermore, integrating insulating materials directly into the block structure ensures superior thermal and acoustic insulation, without the interruptions of traditional techniques where insulation is added separately. The continuous insulation effectively minimizes thermal bridges, guaranteeing optimal energy efficiency, reducing heating and cooling needs, and lowering energy costs.

[0024] Furthermore, the invention is distinguished by the use of insulation panels inserted into the block compartments, a more advantageous approach than injecting insulating foam. The insulation panels ensure consistent thickness and density, providing greater uniformity in thermal performance. Unlike injected foam, which can shrink or expand over time, creating spaces conducive to thermal bridging, the panels guarantee stable and durable insulation. In addition, the panels are easier to install and allow for precise control of the insulating properties, reducing the risk of errors during installation. This method thus not only improves the quality of the insulation but also simplifies construction processes while ensuring greater longevity of thermal performance.

[0025] Furthermore, this integrated approach offers considerable advantages in terms of thermal and acoustic insulation. Single-layer blocks are designed to incorporate insulating materials directly into their structure. This creates a continuous thermal barrier without the interruptions often found in traditional methods where insulation is added separately. This continuity in insulation minimizes thermal bridges, where heat can escape, and ensures optimal energy efficiency. In winter, buildings stay warmer, and in summer, they stay cooler, reducing heating and cooling needs and, consequently, energy costs.

[0026] In terms of sound insulation, single-layer blocks also offer superior performance. The integration of insulating materials within the blocks helps to absorb and dampen sound, thus reducing noise transmission between the exterior and interior of the building.

[0027] A particularly advantageous aspect of this invention is that the thickness of the single-layer wall coincides with that of the structural columns, which facilitates the integration of the walls and load-bearing elements into a homogeneous whole. This matching thickness improves structural continuity and simplifies coordination between the different elements of the building.

[0028] The building elements of the single-layer wall according to the present invention offer many advantages and in particular make it possible to meet the necessary developments which the traditional building block must face, without however presenting the disadvantages of the alternative solutions of the prior art, namely the price, the speed of installation; the simplification of the construction process, the reduction of thermal bridges due to mortar and the insulating properties.

[0029] Subsequently, an embodiment of a building element according to the invention, which takes the form of a block, is presented. It is clear, however, that the invention is not limited to this particular embodiment, but can also be implemented in many other embodiments and, more generally, in all cases where the advantages provided by the invention are beneficial.

[0030] The invention features "S" and "M" shaped building blocks. These unique shapes allow for better interconnection, thus optimizing insulation efficiency and, consequently, the durability of buildings. The "S" and "M" shaped blocks are specifically designed to incorporate insulation panels, which greatly simplifies the insulation process while improving the thermal and acoustic performance of the walls.

[0031] The "S" and "M" shaped building blocks interlock perfectly, creating a seamless and continuous structure. Furthermore, their "S" and "M" shapes increase the wall's mechanical strength, enabling it to withstand significant loads while maintaining its structural integrity.

[0032] One of the most innovative aspects of this invention is the ability to integrate insulation panels into the building blocks, creating continuous insulation between the blocks above and below. This eliminates thermal bridges caused by the mortar. The blocks are designed with specific openings, allowing for the easy insertion of insulation panels such as expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded polystyrene (XPS), polyurethane (PUR), glass wool, rock wool, expanded cork panels, wood fiber panels, cellulose wadding panels, aerated concrete panels, and phenolic foam panels. These insulating materials, inserted directly into the block openings, provide exceptional thermal and acoustic insulation.By integrating the insulation panels directly into the blocks, the need for additional layers of insulation after the wall is built is eliminated, thus simplifying the construction process.

[0033] Inserting insulation panels into the openings of the blocks offers several advantages. First, it helps maintain a stable and comfortable indoor temperature, regardless of external conditions, thus reducing energy consumption for heating and cooling. Furthermore, sound insulation is significantly improved, reducing the transmission of outside noise and creating a more peaceful and pleasant indoor environment.

[0034] The design of the blocks of the present invention also allows them to act as a vapor barrier, preventing moisture penetration and protecting the internal insulation. This moisture protection ensures the longevity of the insulating materials, thus guaranteeing their long-term effectiveness. By keeping the insulation dry and protected, the building blocks ensure that the walls retain their insulating properties over time, even in humid or variable climatic conditions. The building blocks of the present invention are also designed to facilitate the assembly of insulation panels thanks to the recesses in the blocks, which allow for interlocking, simplifying and accelerating the construction process on site and eliminating the need for adhesives.This feature significantly reduces labor time and costs, while ensuring clean and regular bond joints that guarantee the structural integrity of the wall.

[0035] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The invention will be well understood, and other features and advantages thereof will become apparent, by reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, representing, by way of illustrative and non-limiting example, a preferred embodiment of the blocks to which it relates, in which:

[0037] - Figure 1: Represents a perspective view of a building block according to an embodiment of the invention having the shape of "S" >> which includes two opposite and parallel vertical openings allowing the insertion of insulation panels.

[0038] - Figure 2: Represents a cross-sectional view of a building block according to an embodiment of the invention having the shape of "S" >> which includes two opposite and parallel vertical openings allowing the insertion of insulation panels.

[0039] - Figure 3: Represents a cross-sectional view of the single-layer wall according to a wall construction method, comprising "S" shaped blocks and "M" shaped insulation panels mounted in opposite directions.

[0040] - Figure 4: Represents a perspective view of a building block according to an embodiment of the invention having the shape of "M" >> which includes two parallel vertical openings having the same opening direction allowing the insertion of insulation panels.

[0041] - Figure 5: Represents a front view of a building block according to an embodiment of the invention having the shape of an "M" which includes two parallel vertical openings having the same opening direction allowing the insertion of insulation panels in the same direction. - Figure 6: Represents a cross-sectional view of a wall construction method, comprising building blocks in the shape of an "M" and insulation panels mounted in opposite directions.

[0042] - Figure 7: : Represents a perspective view of a construction method for part of the single-layer wall that is the subject of the present invention, comprising "M" shaped blocks and insulation panels.

[0043] - Figures 8 and 9: Represent a perspective view of a construction method for the single-layer wall that is the subject of the present invention, comprising "M" and "S" shaped blocks and insulation panels, as well as their assembly method.

[0044] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0045] In the description of the present embodiment, certain terms such as "opposite", "parallel", "vertical", "horizontal", "front-back", "right", "left", "top-bottom", and similar terms serve only to describe the present invention and to simplify the description, and therefore cannot be interpreted as limiting the present invention.

[0046] In the context of the present invention, the term "building block" refers to a masonry element manufactured by an extrusion process, involving the passage of a composite material, terracotta, or other material through a die of a predefined shape to produce a continuous profile with a uniform cross-section. The extrusion process yields building blocks with precise dimensions and a homogeneous consistency, thus providing improved mechanical properties and enhanced thermal and acoustic insulation performance. Extruded building blocks can be configured with internal cavities, structural reinforcements, and specific profiles.

[0047] In the context of the present invention, the term "cell" refers to an internal cavity within an extruded building block. Cells are designed to reduce the block's weight while maintaining its structural strength. They also improve the block's thermal and acoustic insulation properties by creating internal air pockets. Cells allow for the insertion of additional insulating materials or reinforcements, thus contributing to the versatility and efficiency of the blocks in various construction applications. In the context of the present invention, the term "insulation panel" refers to a flat, rigid element inserted into the pre-existing openings in the building blocks. Insulation panels are designed to improve the thermal and acoustic properties of structures by reducing heat and noise transmission.They are manufactured from various specific insulating materials, adapted to performance and durability requirements, such as Expanded Polystyrene (EPS), Extruded Polystyrene (XPS), Polyurethane (PUR), Glass Wool, Rock Wool, Expanded Cork Panels, Wood Fiber Panels, Cellulose Wadding Panels, Cellular Concrete Panels, Phenolic Foam Panels, Cellular Glass Panels, and Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP). These panels are sized to fit perfectly into the cavities or locations provided for in extruded building blocks.

[0048] The term "monowall" refers to an innovative construction method using a single prefabricated block to form both the exterior and interior walls of a structure, unlike traditional methods that employ two separate walls with a cavity for insulation. This block replaces the conventional structure typically composed of two layers of fired clay bricks separated by a cavity, significantly simplifying the construction process while potentially improving the building's thermal and acoustic insulation.

[0049] The term "thermal bridge" refers to an area at the mortar joints of a wall's building blocks where there is an interruption or reduction in thermal insulation, resulting in heat loss. Thermal bridges typically form at the junctions between blocks, where the mortar used to assemble the building elements creates preferential pathways for heat transfer. These areas of increased conduction can reduce the wall's energy efficiency, cause condensation and moisture problems, and increase heating and cooling costs. Therefore, wall design and construction should aim to minimize or eliminate thermal bridges at the mortar joints to improve the overall thermal performance of the structure.

[0050] The embodiments below are used solely to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited to the embodiments above, and the specific embodiments of the present invention should not be considered as being limited to the above description, and persons skilled in the art may always make modifications to the above embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for certain technical features, and such modifications or substitutions should be considered as falling within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] According to one embodiment of the invention and with reference to Fig. 1, a building block (1) is constructed in accordance with the spirit of this invention. This block may be made of terracotta or another composite material and is defined as generally rectangular in shape, block-like, with several longitudinal, honeycomb-shaped cavities (18) defined by perpendicular, horizontal walls. These through-cavities are arranged in a staggered pattern. They provide, on the one hand, thermal and acoustic insulation and, on the other hand, a reduction in the weight of the building blocks.

[0052] The building block (1) comprises a vertical outer front wall (13) defined on the core (9), and a vertical inner rear wall (12) defined on the core (10), separated from it by an intermediate core (11) vertical to the plane on which the building block is laid and parallel to the opposite ends (13 and 12), but spaced apart to define cavities (19), each extending over the entire horizontal dimension of the block. This configuration allows for a better distribution of the forces acting on the building block, whether static or dynamic.

[0053] According to another feature of the invention, as shown in Figures 1, 2 of the attached drawings, the building block 1 is further provided with compartments (15) and (14) extending along the building block (1) and perpendicular to two external parallel surfaces (16) and or (17) and having two advantageously opposite openings provided on the external surfaces (16) and (17) allowing to define an "S" shape for the insertion of the insulation plates (3) in an opposite mounting direction.

[0054] With particular reference to Fig. 3, which represents the building element (1) comprising an insulating plate (3) intended for use with the building block of the invention and preferably made of a lightweight thermal insulation material, thereby providing a fire-resistant function and a reasonable degree of resistance to the transmission of sound and moisture. The configuration of the insulating plates (3) generally extends horizontally within the internal walls of the compartments (15) and (14), each in a plane parallel to the main longitudinal axis of the building blocks (1) and (2).

[0055] With reference to the figure in Fig. 4, and according to one embodiment of the invention, the building block (2) is defined as generally rectangular in shape, block-like, and has walls with several longitudinal cavities in the form of honeycombs, defined by perpendicular walls. These through-cavities are arranged in a staggered pattern. They provide, on the one hand, thermal and acoustic insulation and, on the other hand, a reduction in the weight of the building blocks.

[0056] The building block (2) comprises a vertical outer front wall (21) defined on the web (26), and a vertical inner rear wall (22) defined on the web (25), separated from it by an intermediate vertical web (23) parallel to the opposite webs (25 and 26), but spaced apart to define cavities (20), each extending along the entire horizontal dimension of the building block (2), from the left flat face to the right flat face. This configuration allows for a better distribution of the forces acting on the building block, whether static or dynamic.

[0057] According to another feature of the invention, as shown in Figures 4 and 5 of the attached drawings, the building block (2) is further provided with compartments (24) and (28) extending along the building block (2) and perpendicular to two external parallel surfaces (23) and or (29) and having two openings on the upper face of the building block (2) parallel to the cores (25) and (26) allowing to define an "M" shape for the insertion of the insulation plates (3) in the same mounting direction.

[0058] With particular reference to Fig. 6, which depicts the building element (2) comprising an insulating plate (3) intended for use with the building block of the invention. The configuration of the insulating plates (3) generally extends horizontally within the internal walls of the compartments (24) and (28), each in a plane parallel to the principal longitudinal axis of the building blocks (1) and (2). The configurations and dimensions of the air gaps provided in the transverse webs, or of the building blocks, may vary within the scope of this application, provided that they represent in all cases a judicious compromise between maintaining compressive strength from top to bottom of the block and insulation efficiency or seismic standards.

[0059] As shown in the attached Figures 7-9, and according to one embodiment of the invention, the present invention relates to a wall comprising a plurality of building blocks (1) in the shape of an "S" and / or a plurality of building blocks (2) in the shape of an "M", as well as a plurality of insulation panels configured to interlock in rows of compartments stacked in a perpendicular or other arrangement to form a wall or part thereof. In the drawings, the same reference numerals refer to similar structures throughout.

[0060] Although the invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment, those familiar with the subject matter should understand that various modifications can be made and equivalents can be substituted for elements of the invention without departing from its scope. Furthermore, numerous modifications can be made to adapt a particular situation or substance to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Therefore, it is important that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best envisaged embodiment of this invention, but that the invention encompass all embodiments falling within the scope of the distributed claims. In addition, unless specifically indicated, the use of the terms first, second, etc.does not denote any order or importance, but rather serves to distinguish one element from another.

Claims

DEMANDS 1. Single-layer construction wall comprising a first exterior face, a second opposite interior face, characterized in that it comprises a plurality: -Building blocks (1) in the form of "S" >> having: a vertical outer front wall (13) with cavities (18), a vertical inner rear wall (12) having a plurality of cavities, spaced from (13) by an intermediate wall (11) vertical to the plane of placement of the building block and parallel to the walls (13 and 12), they are spaced from each other to define cavities (19) and compartments (15) and (14) extend along the building block (1) and are perpendicular to the two parallel outer surfaces (16) and (17), having two advantageously opposed openings allowing to define an "S" shape >>, intended for the insertion of the insulation plates (3) in an opposite direction of assembly; - Building blocks (2) having a vertical outer front wall (21), a vertical inner rear wall (22), a vertical intermediate wall (23) spaced apart to define cells (20) each extending over the entire horizontal dimension of the building block (2) and two compartments (24) and (28) extending along the building block (2) and are perpendicular to the two parallel outer surfaces (23) and / or (29), having the same opening direction, allowing to define an "M" shape; - Insulation plates (3) having a generally rectangular parallelepiped shape, configured to stack respectively in parts of the compartment rows (24) and (28) of the building block (2), and the corresponding compartment rows (14) and (15) of the building block (1), according to a perpendicular arrangement, in order to eliminate thermal bridges of mortar joints.

2. Single-layer construction wall according to claim 1 characterized in that the insulation panels (3) are stacked in the building block (1) in the internal walls of the compartments (15) and (14), each in a plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the single-layer wall and in opposite directions of stacking 3. Single-layer construction wall according to claim 2 characterized in that the insulation panels (3) are stacked in the construction block (2) in the internal walls of compartments (24) and (28), each in a plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the single wall and having the same stacking direction 4. Monomur construction according to claim 3, characterized in that the walls of the construction blocks (1) and (2) comprise a plurality of longitudinal cavities in the form of through-holes and having a rectangular shape.

5. Single-layer wall construction according to claim 3, characterized in that the insulation panels are made from a selected insulating material or combination of materials, including: expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded polystyrene (XPS), polyurethane (PUR), glass wool, rock wool, expanded cork panels, wood fiber panels, cellulose wadding panels, aerated concrete panels, phenolic foam panels, cellular glass panels

Images