Non-thermal bridge structure of outer corridor component of near zero energy building in hot summer and cold winter area

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of zero-energy consumption building's outer corridor component without thermal bridge structure in hot summer and cold winter area, belong to building energy saving and near zero energy consumption building technical field.For the instability of structure caused by disconnecting with main structure in the existing outer corridor no thermal bridge design, poor seismic resistance, water leakage hidden trouble problem, or the continuous insulation method causes the shortcoming such as high cost, complex structure, construction inconvenience, the present application provides a kind of solution with reasonable structure, simple structure, cost-effective, equipment construction convenient, its main point is: outer corridor board is picked out from main structure and does not break off, top surface is full of first insulation board, bottom surface is partially laid second insulation board, outer wall surface is laid third insulation board;And through thermal simulation software, dynamically calculate the thickness of each insulation board, to extend the insulation structure gradually weakens heat flow flux, reach the effect of eliminating or weakening thermal bridge.The present application is mainly used for the outer corridor of near zero energy consumption building in hot summer and cold winter area, realizes energy saving and consumption reduction, improves building insulation performance and comfort.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building energy saving and near zero energy consumption building. More specifically, the present application relates to a non-thermal bridge structure of a veranda component of a near zero energy consumption building in a hot summer and cold winter area. BACKGROUND

[0002] According to the Technical Standard for Near Zero Energy Consumption Building GB / T51350-2019, the near zero energy consumption building needs to be designed as a non-thermal bridge for the envelope structure to reduce the demand for heating and air conditioning. The building in a hot summer and cold winter area often adopts a 2-4 meter wide veranda form (as shown in Figure 1 ), which takes into account horizontal traffic and summer heat prevention, sun shading, ventilation and winter cold prevention, and is a common form for schools and commercial buildings. However, the beams and plates connecting the veranda and the main structure are thermal bridges, which need to be designed as non-thermal bridges.

[0003] At present, most of the built near zero energy consumption buildings are concentrated in the north, mainly in the form of square boxes, without large-scale verandas or only a small amount of small-scale overhanging structures, and there is a lack of non-thermal bridge structure design examples for veranda components. The construction drawing set for near zero energy consumption buildings does not provide non-thermal bridge structure nodes for verandas, and the only similar nodes are air conditioning overhang plates and canopy overhang plates with an overhang of less than 1 meter, which cannot adapt to the full-length and 2-4 meter overhang characteristics of the veranda.

[0004] Clause 7.1.14 of the Technical Standard for Near Zero Energy Consumption Building GB / T51350-2019 mentions that structural overhangs should be disconnected from the main structure, which means that the veranda should be disconnected from the main structure (as shown in Figure 2 ). However, when the veranda is disconnected from the main structure, additional components such as beam-column foundations are needed to form a single-span structure, which lacks stability and is not conducive to earthquake resistance. In addition, the joint between the veranda and the main structure is prone to water leakage, which makes it difficult to implement in engineering practice, resulting in unreasonable design of the veranda structure.

[0005] For a veranda component with a full-length overhang and an outer side containing a sealing beam, railing, flower bed, and water channel, if the continuous full-wrapping insulation method of small overhang plates such as air conditioning overhang plates is used, the insulation board laying section length can be 2-3 times the length of the veranda, which requires a large amount of material and high cost. At the same time, the corners of the insulation board are prone to cracking, and the waterproof structure of the flower bed and water channel is intertwined, making the structure complex. In addition, equipment pipelines need to be hung on the bottom of the veranda plate by passing through the insulation board, further increasing the difficulty and inconvenience of construction, making it difficult to balance the simplicity of the structure and the convenience of construction.

[0006] In the existing gallery non-thermal bridge design, the thickness of the insulation board is often determined without precise basis, without targeted calculation combining the climate parameters of the building location and the thermal characteristics of the insulation board laying position, and only relying on experience selection, which is easy to lead to substandard insulation effect that cannot meet the non-thermal bridge requirements, or excessive insulation that causes material waste, and it is difficult to achieve a balance between insulation performance and economy, and cannot provide reasonable insulation thickness parameters for the gallery non-thermal bridge structure. SUMMARY

[0007] An object of the present application is to solve at least the above problems and provide at least the advantages to be described later.

[0008] Another object of the present application is to provide a non-thermal bridge structure of a gallery component of a near zero energy building in a hot summer and cold winter area, which solves the problems of poor structural stability, insufficient seismic performance, and large water leakage hidden danger caused by the disconnection of the gallery from the main structure in the existing gallery non-thermal bridge structure, and the problems of large material consumption, high cost, complex structure, and inconvenient construction existing in the continuous insulation method. A structure scheme is provided which can not only maintain structural connection but also effectively weaken the thermal bridge, and is economical and reasonable.

[0009] In order to achieve these objects and other advantages of the present application, a non-thermal bridge structure of a gallery component of a near zero energy building in a hot summer and cold winter area is provided, wherein the gallery board is projected from the main structure and not disconnected from the main structure; the top surface of the gallery board is laid with a first insulation board; the bottom surface of the gallery board is laid with a second insulation board within a range of 1-1.5m from the main structure, and the remaining bottom surface is used for equipment pipeline hanging; the outer wall surface of the main structure adjacent to the gallery board is laid with a third insulation board;

[0010] The laying thickness of the first insulation board, the second insulation board and the third insulation board is determined by the following method:

[0011] S1, determine the theoretical reference thickness d of the first insulation board, the second insulation board and the third insulation board in a way that meets the non-thermal bridge design standard through thermal simulation; b1 , d b2 and d b3 ;

[0012] S2, calculate a comprehensive climate load coefficient K based on the climate parameters of the building location;

[0013] S3, determine the dynamic correction coefficients K1, K2, K3 of each part relative to the climate load coefficient according to the thermal characteristics of the part where each insulation board is located;

[0014] S4, combine the theoretical reference thickness of each insulation board with its corresponding dynamic correction coefficient to calculate the final design thickness d s1 , d s2 , d s3 .

[0015] Preferably, the non-thermal bridge structure of the gallery component of the near zero energy building in hot summer and cold winter zone, step S1 is specifically:

[0016] S1.1, a two-dimensional heat transfer physical model containing the gallery plate and the main structure connection node is established;

[0017] S1.2, in the model, the calculation boundary conditions of the indoor side and the outdoor side are set, and the boundary conditions at least include the indoor and outdoor calculation temperature and the surface heat transfer resistance determined according to the climate parameters of the building site;

[0018] S1.3, in the model, the initial thickness value is given to the first insulation board, the second insulation board and the third insulation board, and the steady-state heat transfer calculation is carried out;

[0019] S1.4, the initial thickness value is iteratively adjusted until the inner surface temperature of the gallery plate and the main structure connection area is not lower than the indoor air dew point temperature, and the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value of the area is lower than the preset non-thermal bridge standard limit value;

[0020] S1.5, the thickness value of each insulation board in the model at this time is determined as the theoretical reference thickness d b1 , d b2 and d b3 , respectively.

[0021] Preferably, the non-thermal bridge structure of the gallery component of the near zero energy building in hot summer and cold winter zone, in step S2, the climate load coefficient K is calculated by the following formula:

[0022] K=α×(HDD / HDD0)+β×(CDD / CDD0)+γ×(S / S0);

[0023] Wherein, HDD is the heating degree day number of the building site, CDD is the air conditioning degree day number, S is the annual average solar radiation intensity, HDD0, CDD0, S0 are the reference values of the heating degree day number, the air conditioning degree day number and the annual average solar radiation intensity corresponding to the standard climate parameters of the hot summer and cold winter zone; α, β, γ are weight coefficients, and α+β+γ=1, and the specific values are determined according to the use function of the building and the indoor heat level.

[0024] Preferably, the non-thermal bridge structure of the gallery component of the near zero energy building in hot summer and cold winter zone, in step S3, the dynamic correction coefficients K1, K2 and K3 are determined by the following method:

[0025] S3.1, based on the refined thermal model, under standard climate conditions, simulate the heat flux density Q1 of the first insulation board, the heat flux density Q2 of the second insulation board, the heat flux density Q3 of the third insulation board; calculate the ratio of the heat flux density of each part to the total heat flux density as the part thermal weight coefficient W1, W2, W3, wherein:

[0026] The part weight coefficient W1 of the first insulation board = Q1 / (Q1+Q2+Q3),

[0027] The part weight coefficient W2 of the second insulation board = Q2 / (Q1+Q2+Q3),

[0028] The part weight coefficient W3 of the third insulation board = Q3 / (Q1+Q2+Q3);

[0029] S3.2, based on the orientation of each insulation board, obtain the orientation correction factor C1, C2, C3, which is determined according to the angle between the normal of the outer surface of each part and the local dominant winter wind direction and the direction of solar radiation;

[0030] S3.3, based on the exposure degree of each insulation board, obtain the exposure correction factor E1, E2, E3, which is determined according to whether each part is directly exposed to rain and snow environment and the degree of being sheltered by adjacent components;

[0031] S3.4, combine the climate load coefficient K, the part thermal weight coefficient, the orientation correction factor and the exposure correction factor to calculate the dynamic correction coefficient K1, K2, K3, wherein:

[0032] K1=K×W1×C1×E1,

[0033] K2=K×W2×C2×E2,

[0034] K3=K×W3×C3×E3.

[0035] Preferably, the non-thermal bridge structure of the gallery component of the near-zero energy consumption building in the hot summer and cold winter area, the orientation correction factor C1, C2, C3 is calculated by the following formula: C=1+A×cos(θ),

[0036] Wherein, θ is the angle between the normal of the outer surface of the part and the local winter dominant wind direction, A is the wind influence coefficient, its value range is 0.05 to 0.2, which is determined according to the local wind speed and the wind environment around the building.

[0037] Preferably, the non-thermal bridge structure of the gallery component of the near-zero energy consumption building in the hot summer and cold winter area, in step S4, the design thickness d s1 , d s2 , d s3 Is calculated by the following formula:

[0038] d s1 =d b1 ×K1×η1,

[0039] d s2 =d b2 ×K2×η2,

[0040] d s3 =d b3 ×K3×η3,

[0041] wherein η1, η2, η3 are thickness adjustment factors based on the material properties and construction process of each insulation board, and their values are determined according to the long-term thermal resistance decay rate of the selected insulation material and the allowable error of on-site construction.

[0042] Preferably, the thickness adjustment factors η1, η2, η3 of the non-thermal bridge structure of the gallery component of the near-zero energy building in hot summer and cold winter regions are determined by the following method:

[0043] Based on the accelerated aging experimental data of the selected insulation material, the long-term thermal resistance decay curve is fitted to determine the thermal resistance retention rate R;

[0044] According to the construction process level, the allowable value of construction error Δd is determined;

[0045] The thickness adjustment factor η = R / (1-Δd / d nom ), wherein d nom is the nominal thickness of the insulation board.

[0046] Preferably, in step S1.4 of the non-thermal bridge structure of the gallery component of the near-zero energy building in hot summer and cold winter regions, a multi-objective optimization algorithm is used for iterative adjustment. The multi-objective optimization algorithm takes the minimization of the total thickness of the insulation board and the minimization of the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value as the objective function, and takes the inner surface temperature not lower than the indoor air dew point temperature as the constraint condition, automatically searches for the optimal initial thickness value combination until the non-thermal bridge standard limit value is met.

[0047] Preferably, in the non-thermal bridge structure of the gallery component of the near-zero energy building in hot summer and cold winter regions, the convergence condition of the multi-objective optimization algorithm is set to simultaneously satisfy the following two criteria:

[0048] The change rate of the total thickness of the insulation board in the last three iterations is not more than 0.5%;

[0049] The improvement range of the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value relative to the previous iteration is less than 1%;

[0050] When the above convergence condition criteria are simultaneously satisfied, the optimization process is terminated, and the thickness values of the current insulation boards are output as the theoretical reference thickness.

[0051] The present application at least includes the following beneficial effects:

[0052] 1、The present application avoids adding beam column foundation by not separating the veranda plate from the main structure, ensures structural stability and seismic resistance, eliminates the hidden danger of water leakage at the separation place; the top surface is fully covered with insulation boards to meet the personnel walking demand, the bottom surface is partially laid (1-1.5m range) to reserve pipeline hanging space, reduces the amount of insulation material and simplifies the structure; the thickness is determined in combination with thermal simulation, climate parameters and site thermal characteristics, ensures precise adaptation of thickness to different scenarios, effectively weakens heat flow flux, meets the no-thermal-bridge requirement, and takes into account structural rationality, cost economy and construction convenience, and can be widely adapted to school, commercial building and other veranda type near zero energy consumption buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas.

[0053] 2、The present application further defines the specific implementation process of thermal simulation, by establishing a two-dimensional heat transfer physical model of the connection node between the veranda plate and the main structure, the simulation is more in line with the actual structure; based on the local climate parameters, the indoor and outdoor calculation temperature, surface heat transfer resistance and other boundary conditions are set, the heat transfer calculation accuracy is improved; the surface temperature (not lower than the dew point temperature, specifically higher than the dew point temperature by 2℃ or more) and the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value (lower than the no-thermal-bridge limit value) in the connection area are taken as the iteration termination index, to avoid subjective adjustment deviation, and finally the theoretical reference thickness can reliably meet the no-thermal-bridge standard, providing accurate basic data for subsequent insulation board thickness calculation, and ensuring the thermal performance of the structure.

[0054] 3、The present application calculates the climate load coefficient K through a quantitative formula, integrates three key climate parameters of heating degree days, air conditioning degree days and solar radiation intensity, and introduces weight coefficients α, β, γ and adjusts them in combination with building use function and indoor heat gain level, so that the K value can accurately reflect the influence of local climate on insulation demand; compared with the general climate adaptation method, this formula can be flexibly calculated according to different regions and different types of buildings, providing scientific climate quantitative basis for subsequent dynamic correction of insulation board thickness, ensuring that the thickness adjustment is more in line with the actual climate conditions, and improving the climate adaptability of the no-thermal-bridge structure.

[0055] 4、In the process of determining the dynamic correction coefficient, the part thermal weight coefficient reflects the heat flow proportion difference of each insulation board, the orientation correction factor adapts to the influence of wind direction and solar radiation, and the exposure correction factor considers the rain and snow shielding condition, multi-dimensional comprehensive correction makes K1, K2, K3 accurately match the thermal demand of each part; avoid thickness deviation caused by single correction, ensure that the thickness of insulation board in different parts is adapted to the actual heat flow flux, further improve the thermal accuracy of the no-thermal-bridge structure, and effectively weaken the thermal bridge effect in each area.

[0056] 5、The orientation correction factor of the present application is quantitatively calculated by the formula C=1+A x cos(θ), combining the angle θ between the normal of the outer surface of the part and the dominant wind direction in winter, and the wind influence coefficient A (0.05-0.2) determined based on wind speed and wind environment, so that the influence of orientation on thermal performance is converted from subjective judgment to objective calculation; compared with the non-standard value selection method, this formula can be flexibly adjusted according to the wind environment in different regions, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the orientation correction factor, providing accurate orientation parameters for dynamic correction coefficient calculation, and ensuring the scientificity of thickness correction.

[0057] 6、The present application introduces a thickness adjustment factor η in the calculation of the design thickness of the insulation board, considering the long-term thermal resistance decay rate of the insulation material and the allowable error of on-site construction, to avoid the problems of insufficient long-term performance or construction deviation caused by relying only on theoretical values; through the formula d s =d b x K x η, the design thickness can not only adapt to the climate and the thermal characteristics of the part, but also compensate for material aging and construction error, ensuring stable thermal performance in long-term use, meeting the actual thickness standard after construction, and continuously meeting the non-thermal bridge requirement, improving the durability and reliability of the structure.

[0058] 7、The thickness adjustment factor η is determined by the thermal resistance retention rate R of the material accelerated aging experiment, combined with the error allowance Δd determined by the construction process level, calculated by the formula η=R / (1-Δd / d nom ), so that the η value has a clear experimental and process basis; avoid the undercompensation or overcompensation caused by subjective value selection, accurately compensate for the long-term thermal resistance decay of the material and the construction thickness deviation, and ensure that the design thickness can still meet the thermal requirements in long-term use and after construction, providing reliable adjustment parameters for design thickness calculation, and ensuring the stability of the performance of non-thermal bridge structure.

[0059] 8、The present application uses a multi-objective optimization algorithm to iteratively adjust, taking "minimizing the total thickness of the insulation board" and "minimizing the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value" as the target, and taking "the inner surface temperature is not lower than the dew point temperature (specifically, it should be higher than the indoor dew point temperature by 2℃ or more)" as the constraint, to automatically search for the optimal thickness combination; compared with manual iteration, this algorithm is more efficient, and can simultaneously consider economy (reduce material) and thermal performance (reduce ψ value), avoiding the "thick plate waste" or "ψ value not meeting the standard" problems that may occur in manual adjustment, quickly finding the optimal initial thickness combination, and improving the efficiency and rationality of determining the theoretical baseline thickness.

[0060] 9、The present application sets clear convergence conditions for the multi-objective optimization algorithm, which need to meet both "the total thickness change rate of three consecutive iterations is less than or equal to 0.5%" and "the improvement range of the value is less than 1%", to avoid over-iteration (waste of time) or insufficient iteration (unstable thickness); to ensure that the total thickness of the insulation board and the value have tended to be stable and optimal when the optimization process is terminated, the consistency of the output theoretical reference thickness is high, to avoid the influence of reference thickness fluctuation on subsequent design thickness calculation, and to ensure the stability and consistency of the thermal performance of the non-thermal bridge structure.

[0061] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the existing technology gallery structure commonly used in buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas;

[0063] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the existing technology gallery structure commonly used in buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas;

[0064] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the gallery component non-thermal bridge structure of the present application;

[0065] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the gallery component non-thermal bridge structure of the present application;

[0066] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the gallery component non-thermal bridge structure of the present application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so that those skilled in the art can implement the present application according to the description.

[0068] It should be understood that the terms such as "have", "contain" and "include" used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0069] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0070] In the description of the present application, the terms "transverse", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0071] As shown in Figure 3 , the present application provides a non-thermal bridge structure of a veranda component of a near-zero energy consumption building in a hot summer and cold winter area. The veranda plate is projected from the main structure and is not detached from the main structure. The top surface of the veranda plate is covered with a first insulation board. The bottom surface of the veranda plate is covered with a second insulation board within a range of 1-1.5m outward from the main structure, and the remaining bottom surface is used for equipment pipeline hanging. The outer wall surface of the main structure adjacent to the veranda plate is covered with a third insulation board. The outer side surface (end surface away from the main structure) of the veranda plate is not covered with an insulation board, for the following reasons: 1) The outer side surface of the veranda plate is usually equipped with a fence, a flower bed or a ditch (as shown in Figure 3 ), the component itself can form a certain shelter, and through thermal simulation calculation (simulation parameters: the veranda is projected for a length of 3m and a width of 1.8m, the insulation material is XPS board (thermal conductivity coefficient 0.028 W / (m・K)), boundary conditions: indoor temperature 22℃, outdoor temperature 0℃, indoor surface heat transfer resistance 0.11m 2 ・K / W, outdoor surface heat transfer resistance 0.045m 2 ・K / W, solar radiation intensity 400W / m 2 ), the surface heat flux is <5W / m², which is lower than the non-thermal bridge control threshold (10W / m²), and no additional insulation is needed; 2) The outer side surface has no personnel contact, no pipeline passing through, and is far away from the indoor thermal environment, and the thermal bridge effect can be ignored, so that no insulation board is laid to further simplify the structure and reduce the amount of materials;

[0072] The laying thickness of the first insulation board, the second insulation board and the third insulation board is determined by the following method:

[0073] S1, determine the theoretical reference thickness d b1 , d b2 and d b3 of the first insulation board, the second insulation board and the third insulation board in a manner satisfying the non-thermal bridge design standard through thermal simulation;

[0074] S2, calculate a comprehensive climate load coefficient K based on the climate parameters of the location of the building;

[0075] S3, determine the dynamic correction coefficients K1, K2 and K3 of each part with respect to the climate load coefficient according to the thermal characteristics of the parts where the insulation boards are located.

[0076] S4, combine the theoretical reference thickness of each insulation board with its corresponding dynamic correction coefficient to calculate the final design thickness d s1 , d s2 , d s3 .

[0077] The structure of the above embodiment is suitable for a 2-4 meter long-span outer gallery in a hot summer and cold winter area, and the thickness of the insulation board is determined by coupling calculation of the climate load coefficient K (integrating the heating degree days, air conditioning degree days, and solar radiation intensity) and the dynamic correction coefficient of the part (including the orientation and exposure). The length of the gallery board protruding from the main structure can be 2.5 meters, 3 meters, or 3.5 meters, which meets the common scale of 2-4 meters of the outer gallery in the hot summer and cold winter area, and remains connected with the main structure without breaking off, without the need for additional beam-column foundation. The material of the gallery board can be reinforced concrete, which is a ready-made component material widely used in construction engineering, with stable source and mature construction technology. The first insulation board on the top can choose extruded polystyrene board (XPS), molded polystyrene board (EPS), or inorganic lightweight aggregate insulation board. These materials are readily available in the building insulation market, and their assembly position is the entire top surface of the gallery board, completely covering the top surface area to meet the flat base required for personnel walking. The second insulation board on the bottom of the gallery board, the specific value of the laying range can be selected as 1.2 meters, 1.3 meters, or 1.4 meters, all within the limited range of 1-1.5 meters, and the material can be selected as inorganic lightweight aggregate insulation board or rock wool board. The assembly position starts from the root of the connection between the main structure and the gallery board and extends outward to the set length, leaving the remaining bottom area as a device pipeline hanging space without additional insulation board. The third insulation board on the surface of the main structure wall adjacent to the gallery board can be selected as inorganic lightweight aggregate insulation board or rock wool board, and the assembly position is the area where the outer wall connects with the gallery board, extending from the root of the gallery board upward and downward along the outer wall until it naturally connects with the building window or other enclosure structure. The overall structure can be referred to as shown in Figure 3 The gallery board of the present embodiment protrudes 2-4 meters, which is different from the air conditioning cantilever board and the rain shed cantilever board with a cantilever of less than 1 meter, and the dynamic correction coefficients K1-K3 need to adapt to the dual climate requirements of hot summer and cold winter in the hot summer and cold winter area, and reference is made to Article 7.1.14 Note 2 of the Technical Standard for Nearly Zero Energy Buildings GB / T51350-2019 for large-span cantilever special design.

[0078] The second insulation board is laid on the bottom surface of the outer corridor slab within a range of 1-1.5m outward from the main structure. The remaining bottom surface is used for hanging the first insulation board (top surface) for equipment pipelines. The second and third insulation boards are fixed using a combination of adhesive bonding and anchor bolts, with an adhesive area ≥40% and an anchor bolt spacing ≤500mm (metal anchor bolts require anti-corrosion treatment). The insulation material must meet the following requirements: XPS boards must comply with GB / T10801.2-2018 "Extruded Polystyrene Foam for Thermal Insulation (XPS)" (5-year warranty). The long-term thermal resistance attenuation rate is ≤8%. The inorganic lightweight aggregate insulation board meets the requirements of GB / T25975-2018 "Rock Wool Products for External Thermal Insulation of Buildings" (compressive strength ≥3.0MPa). Insulation board installation: ① Base treatment: The flatness deviation of the main structure surface is ≤5mm, otherwise level with cement mortar; ② Insulation board pasting: Use the point frame method for pasting, and the adhesive application area is ≥40%; ③ Anchor bolt fixing: Install anchor bolts 24 hours after pasting, and the anchor bolts penetrate ≥50mm into the main structure.

[0079] When determining the thickness of each insulation board, the thermal simulation in step S1 is performed first. The thermal simulation software used can be DeST, EnergyPlus, or DesignBuilder, all of which are commonly used and mature building thermal simulation tools. When establishing the two-dimensional heat transfer physical model, the construction details of the connection nodes between the outer corridor slab and the main structure must be fully included, including the pre-set assembly positions of the outer corridor slab, main structure beams, columns, and each insulation board. When setting the indoor and outdoor calculation boundary conditions, the indoor calculation temperature can be set to 20℃, 22℃, or 24℃, which conforms to the daily comfortable temperature range of civil buildings. The outdoor calculation temperature is determined based on the winter outdoor calculation temperature of the building's location. For example, in central cities in hot-summer and cold-winter regions, -2℃, 0℃, or 2℃ can be used. The surface heat transfer resistance can be set to 0.04m. 2 ·K / W, 0.045m 2 ·K / W or 0.05m 2 • K / W, referencing the standard values ​​in the building thermal design code. When assigning initial thickness values ​​to each insulation board, the initial thickness of the first insulation board can be 20mm, 25mm, or 30mm; the initial thickness of the second insulation board can be 40mm, 45mm, or 50mm; and the initial thickness of the third insulation board can be 40mm, 45mm, or 50mm. For specific structural dimensions and examples of insulation board material selection, please refer to... Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The paper showcases details such as the application and extension length of 25mm thick XPS insulation boards and 50mm thick inorganic lightweight aggregate insulation boards, followed by steady-state heat transfer calculations using simulation software.

[0080] The heating degree-day number (HDD), the air conditioning degree-day number (CDD) and the annual average solar radiation intensity (S) of the building location can be directly obtained through the meteorological statistical data published by the local meteorological department in the past 10 years. The standard climate parameter baseline value HDD0 of the summer-hot and winter-cold region is 2000 ℃·d, the CDD0 is 1000 ℃·d, and the S0 is 1200 kWh / (m 2 ·a). The weight coefficients α, β and γ are adjusted according to the building use function. The school building can be set as α=0.4, β=0.4 and γ=0.2, and the commercial building can be set as α=0.3, β=0.5 and γ=0.2, to ensure that the sum of the three is 1. The standard climate parameter baseline value HDD0 of the summer-hot and winter-cold region is 2000 ℃·d, the CDD0 is 1000 ℃·d, and the S0 is 1200 kWh / (m 2 ·a). According to the Appendix A (the average climate parameter value of the representative city in the summer-hot and winter-cold region in Table A.0.1 of the Standard for Energy Efficiency Design of Residential Buildings in Summer-hot and Winter-cold Regions JGJ 134-2010 (wherein the HDD is the average winter heating degree-day number of the representative city, 2000 ℃·d, the CDD is the average summer air conditioning degree-day number, 1000 ℃·d, and the S is the average annual solar radiation intensity, 1200 kWh / (m 2 ·a)). The weight coefficients α, β and γ are taken as examples: the school building (the use time is 9:00-17:00, and the indoor heat gain is mainly personnel + lighting) α=0.4, β=0.4 and γ=0.2 (based on the continuous monitoring data of the three school corridors (sample size n=3, located in the north / middle / south of the summer-hot and winter-cold region) from November 2023 to March 2024 (winter) and from June to September 2024 (summer), the heat flow meter method (according to GB / T 10294-2008 “Determination of Steady-state Thermal Resistance and Related Properties of Thermal Insulation Materials Protective Heat Plate Method”) is used to test the measured data of winter heating load proportion 42%, summer air conditioning load proportion 38% and solar radiation heat gain proportion 20%); the commercial building (the use time is 10:00-22:00, and the indoor heat gain is mainly equipment + personnel) α=0.3, β=0.5 and γ=0.2 (based on the same period measured data of the two mall corridors (sample size n=2), the heating load proportion is 31%, the air conditioning load proportion is 49%, and the solar radiation heat gain proportion is 20%);

[0081] In step S3, the dynamic correction coefficient is determined based on the same refined thermal model as in step S1 under standard climate conditions (indoor temperature 22 ℃, outdoor temperature 0 ℃, surface heat transfer resistance 0.045 m 2The heat flux density of each part is simulated under K / W, and the thermal weighting coefficients W1, W2, and W3 of each part are calculated proportionally. The wind influence coefficient A of the orientation correction factors C1, C2, and C3 can be taken as 0.1, 0.15, or 0.18. If the outer corridor faces south and the angle θ between the normal of the outer surface and the prevailing winter wind direction is 0°, then the C value is 1.1, 1.15, or 1.18; if the orientation is north and the angle θ is 180°, then the C value is 0.9, 0.85, or 0.82. The exposure correction factors E1, E2, and E3 are selected according to the actual exposure situation. The E value of the part completely exposed to the rain and snow environment can be taken as 1.05, 1.1, or 1.15, and the E value of the part blocked by adjacent components can be taken as 0.95, 0.9, or 0.85. Then, the dynamic correction coefficients K1, K2, and K3 are calculated in combination with the climate load coefficient K.

[0082] In step S4, the thickness adjustment factors η1, η2, and η3 are determined based on the characteristics of the insulation material and the construction process. If XPS boards are selected, the thermal resistance retention rate R can be 0.9, 0.92, or 0.95, and the allowable construction error Δd can be 2mm, 3mm, or 4mm. When the nominal thickness d... nom When the diameter is 25mm, the value of η can be 0.92, 0.94, or 0.96, and finally determined by formula d. s =d b The design thickness of each insulation board is obtained by calculating ×K×η. The nominal thickness d of the insulation board. nom The theoretical reference thickness d b 1.05-1.1 times (considering construction allowance), for example, when d b1 When =24mm, d nom1 =25mm (standard market specification); when d b2 When = 45mm, d nom2 =50mm (standard market specification), ensuring that the design thickness matches the existing material specifications on the market.

[0083] The exterior corridor of a school in a hot-summer, cold-winter region was selected as the experimental subject. After construction according to the above-described structure, the temperature distribution obtained during thermal simulation verification can be used as a reference. Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The temperature values ​​at different locations are displayed. Then, a temperature sensor is used to measure the surface temperature within the connection area, and a heat flow meter is used to measure the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value. The test results show that the inner surface temperature is not lower than the indoor air dew point temperature (specifically, it should be more than 2°C higher than the indoor dew point temperature), and the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value is lower than the standard limit for no thermal bridge (the preset limit is 0.01W / (m·K)), which meets the design requirements. This structure not only ensures the stability and seismic resistance of the structure, but also reduces the amount of insulation material used and simplifies the construction process. At the same time, the precise thickness calculation ensures the effect of no thermal bridge, taking into account both practicality and economy.

[0084] The closest prior art mainly has two types: one is the non-thermal bridge design of the disconnection of the outer corridor and the main structure mentioned in the Technical Standard for Near Zero Energy Buildings GB / T51350-2019, and the other is the continuous full-wrapping insulation design of the existing small cantilever plates (such as air conditioning cantilever plates and canopy cantilever plates) in the existing near zero energy buildings.

[0085] Compared with the first type of prior art, the prior art realizes non-thermal bridge by disconnecting the outer corridor and the main structure, and needs to add beam column foundation and other components, which leads to poor lateral displacement resistance and insufficient stability, and the joint at the disconnected place is prone to water leakage, which is difficult to implement in engineering practice. The design of the present embodiment does not disconnect the outer corridor plate and the main structure, and does not need to add additional components, which ensures the stability and seismic resistance of the structure, eliminates the water leakage problem from the root, and solves the core problem of unreasonable structure in the prior art. This improvement is not a routine adjustment that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art.

[0086] Compared with the second type of prior art, the continuous full-wrapping insulation design of the existing small cantilever plates will lead to a significant increase in the length of the insulation plate, a large amount of material, high cost, and easy cracking of the insulation plate at the corner, and the interweaving of waterproof structure and equipment pipelines will lead to complex construction. The present embodiment adopts a non-continuous insulation method of full-surfacing on the top surface and partial (1-1.5 meters) surfacing on the bottom surface, which not only meets the functional requirements of personnel walking and equipment pipeline hanging, but also reduces the amount of insulation material, simplifies the structure and construction process, and solves the problems of high cost and inconvenient construction in the prior art. The selection of the insulation laying method is targeted and non-obvious.

[0087] In addition, the thickness of the insulation plate in the prior art is mostly selected based on experience, without precise calculation combined with climate parameters and site thermal characteristics, which is prone to situations of substandard insulation effect or material waste. The present embodiment determines the theoretical reference thickness through thermal simulation, adjusts it precisely combined with climate load coefficient and dynamic correction coefficient, and finally compensates for material aging and construction errors through thickness adjustment factor, forming a complete thickness calculation method to ensure precise adaptation of the insulation thickness to actual demand. The systematicness and precision of the thickness determination method exceed the conventional design ideas of the prior art, so the present embodiment is creative.

[0088] Compared with the existing balcony and main structure disconnection scheme, the embodiment does not need to add beam column foundation, the amount of structural material is reduced by 15%-20%, the seismic performance is improved by 20% (according to the "Code for Seismic Design of Buildings" GB50011-2010 (2016 revision) seismic action calculation), the leakage hidden trouble occurrence rate is reduced by 90%; compared with the existing small cantilever plate full wrapping insulation scheme: the amount of insulation material is reduced by 30%-40%, the construction period is shortened by 15%, and the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value standard rate is improved by 15%.

[0089] According to another embodiment of the application, the non-thermal bridge structure of the balcony component of the near zero energy consumption building in hot summer and cold winter area, step S1 is specifically:

[0090] S1.1, a two-dimensional heat transfer physical model containing the connecting node of the balcony plate and the main structure is established;

[0091] S1.2, in the model, the calculation boundary conditions of the indoor side and the outdoor side are set, and the boundary conditions at least include the indoor and outdoor calculation temperature and the surface heat transfer resistance determined according to the climate parameters of the building site;

[0092] S1.3, in the model, the first insulation plate, the second insulation plate and the third insulation plate are assigned with initial thickness values, and steady-state heat transfer calculation is performed;

[0093] S1.4, the initial thickness values are iteratively adjusted until the calculated inner surface temperature of the connecting area of the balcony plate and the main structure is not lower than the indoor air dew point temperature (specifically preferably higher than 2℃ than the dew point temperature), and the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value of the area is lower than the preset non-thermal bridge standard limit value; preferably, the heat transfer characteristics of the equipment pipeline hanging place are simulated synchronously, the preformed insulation sleeve (thickness consistent with the design thickness of the corresponding insulation plate) + sealing glue plugging is used at the pipeline through the insulation plate, so that the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value of the area is also lower than the non-thermal bridge standard limit value;

[0094] S1.5, the thickness values of each insulation plate in the model at this time are determined as theoretical reference thicknesses d b1 , d b2 and d b3 , respectively.

[0095] In the implementation of step S1, first, S1.1 is performed to establish a two-dimensional heat transfer physical model. The model needs to completely contain the key components of the connecting node of the outer gallery plate and the main structure. The outer gallery plate part can contain the reinforced concrete body and the interface treatment layer on the surface. The main structure part can contain the node area of the frame beam, column and outer gallery plate connection. The mortar leveling layer at the node can also be included. The sizes of these components can be determined according to the actual building design, such as the thickness of the outer gallery plate can be 120 mm, 150 mm, the cross-sectional size of the main structure frame beam can be 250 mm x 500 mm, 300 mm x 600 mm or 350 mm x 650 mm, and the modeling process can use commonly used building modeling software on the market such as AutoCAD or Revit to ensure that the model can accurately reflect the geometric shape and component connection relationship of the actual structure. Then, S1.2 is performed to set the calculation boundary conditions. The calculation boundary conditions on the indoor side and the outdoor side need to be determined according to the climate parameters of the location of the building. The indoor calculation temperature in winter can be set to 18℃, 20℃ or 22℃, and the indoor calculation temperature in summer can be set to 26℃, 27℃ or 28℃. The outdoor calculation temperature needs to refer to the average extreme temperature provided by the local meteorological department in the past 5 years. For example, the outdoor calculation temperature in winter in the northern city of the hot summer and cold winter area can be -3℃, -2℃ or -1℃, and the outdoor calculation temperature in the southern city can be 0℃, 1℃ or 2℃. The value of the surface heat transfer resistance needs to meet the requirements of the Code for Thermal Design of Civil Buildings GB50176-2016. The indoor surface heat transfer resistance can be taken as 0.11m 2 ·K / W, 0.12m 2 ·K / W or 0.13m 2 ·K / W, the outdoor surface heat transfer resistance can be taken as 0.03m 2 ·K / W, 0.04m 2 ·K / W or 0.05m 2 ·K / W. These parameters are input into the thermal simulation software to complete the boundary condition setting. Preferably, the boundary conditions can also include: solar radiation intensity (400 W / m 2 in winter and 800 W / m 2 in summer, according to the requirements of the Code for Thermal Design of Civil Buildings GB50176-2016); outdoor wind speed (the dominant wind speed is 3 m / s in winter and 2.5 m / s in summer, according to the local meteorological data); ground heat transfer resistance (0.3m 2 ·K / W, according to the requirements of the Code for Thermal Design of Civil Buildings GB50176-2016);

[0096] Subsequently, enter S1.3 to assign initial thickness and perform steady-state heat transfer calculation. The initial thickness values assigned to the first, second and third insulation boards can be determined in combination with the conventional application thickness of common insulation materials. After entering these initial thickness parameters into the established two-dimensional heat transfer physical model, use thermal simulation software to perform steady-state heat transfer calculation. During the calculation process, the software will automatically output the heat flow distribution of the connecting area between the veranda board and the main structure, the temperature field of each part, and other key data to provide a basis for subsequent iterative adjustment. Then, proceed to S1.4 to iteratively adjust the initial thickness value. During iterative adjustment, a step-by-step fine-tuning approach can be used, with a thickness adjustment range of 2mm, 3mm or 4mm. After adjustment, re-perform steady-state heat transfer calculation until the calculation results meet two conditions: one is that the inner surface temperature of the connecting area between the veranda board and the main structure is not lower than the indoor air dew point temperature, which needs to be determined according to the indoor calculated temperature and relative humidity. For example, when the indoor temperature is 20℃ and the relative humidity is 60%, the dew point temperature can be taken as 12℃, 13℃ or 14℃. The second condition is that the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value of the area is lower than the pre-set non-thermal bridge standard limit value, which can be taken as 0.01W / (m·K), 0.012W / (m·K) or 0.015W / (m·K) according to the requirements of the Technical Standard for Nearly Zero Energy Buildings GB / T51350-2019.

[0097] When the iterative adjustment meets the above two conditions, proceed to S1.5 to determine the theoretical reference thickness. At this time, extract the thickness values of each insulation board from the model parameters of the thermal simulation software, which are the theoretical reference thicknesses d b1 , d b2 and d b3 of the first, second and third insulation boards, respectively. For example, the final determined d b1 may be 24mm, d b2 may be 45mm, and d b3 may be 46mm. To verify the reliability of the theoretical reference thickness, the connecting area of the veranda of a commercial building in a hot summer and cold winter region can be selected as the experimental object. After laying the insulation board according to the determined theoretical reference thickness, use a temperature patrol instrument to monitor the inner surface temperature of the connecting area for 24 hours, and use a heat flow meter to measure the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value. The monitoring and measurement results show that the inner surface temperature is continuously not lower than the indoor air dew point temperature, and the ψ value is stably lower than the pre-set limit value, indicating that the theoretical reference thickness can meet the non-thermal bridge design standard. Through this process, the theoretical reference thickness can provide accurate and reliable basic data for subsequent calculation of the final design thickness in combination with climate parameters and part thermal characteristics, ensuring that the thermal performance of the non-thermal bridge structure of the veranda component meets the requirements of nearly zero energy buildings.

[0098] According to another embodiment of the present application, the non-thermal bridge structure of the veranda component of the near zero-energy building in hot summer and cold winter zone, in step S2, the climate load coefficient K is calculated by the following formula:

[0099] K = a x (HDD / HDD0) + b x (CDD / CDD0) + g x (S / S0) ;

[0100] wherein, HDD is the heating degree days of the building site, CDD is the air conditioning degree days, S is the annual average solar radiation intensity, HDD0, CDD0, S0 are the reference values of the heating degree days, air conditioning degree days and annual average solar radiation intensity corresponding to the standard climate parameters of hot summer and cold winter zone, a, b, g are weight coefficients, and a+b+g=1, the specific values are determined according to the use function of the building and the indoor heat level. HDD, CDD, S are calculated by the continuous meteorological data of the last 10 years published by the meteorological department of the building site, and the data shall meet the requirements of "Building Climate Zone Standard" GB50178-93 (1993), to ensure that the parameters can be obtained and verified before construction.

[0101] In the above embodiments, when calculating the climate load coefficient K, first, the key climate parameters of the building site need to be obtained. The heating degree days (HDD) can be determined by the meteorological statistics data of the local meteorological department in the past 10 years. The HDD of the northern city in the hot summer and cold winter area can be 1800℃·d, 2000℃·d or 2200℃·d, the central city can be 1400℃·d, 1600℃·d or 1800℃·d, and the southern city can be 1000℃·d, 1200℃·d or 1400℃·d. The air conditioning degree days (CDD) are the same. The northern city can be 800℃·d, 1000℃·d or 1200℃·d, the central city can be 1200℃·d, 1400℃·d or 1600℃·d, and the southern city can be 1600℃·d, 1800℃·d or 2000℃·d. The annual average solar radiation intensity (S) can be obtained by meteorological data query software or local solar energy resource report. The eastern region can be 1100kWh / (m²·a), 1200kWh / (m²·a) or 1300kWh / (m²·a), and the western region can be 1300kWh / (m²·a), 1400kWh / (m²·a) or 1500kWh / (m²·a). The standard climate parameters of the hot summer and cold winter area HDD0, CDD0 and S0 can refer to the industry general climate zoning data. HDD0 can be 1600℃·d, CDD0 can be 1200℃·d, and S0 can be 1200kWh / (m²·a). When obtaining these parameters, the conventional meteorological data management software or the official data platform of the local meteorological department can be used. When calculating K, the common office computing software or engineering dedicated numerical calculation tool can be used. These devices are ready-to-use tools that can be directly obtained on the market without additional customization.

[0102] The setting of the weight coefficients a, b, g needs to be combined with the use function of the building and the indoor heat gain level to ensure that the sum of the three is always 1. For school buildings, the teaching area needs to be heated in winter, the air conditioning demand of the teacher activity needs to be met in summer, and the indoor heat gain mainly comes from personnel and lighting, a can be 0.35, 0.4 or 0.45, b can be 0.35, 0.4 or 0.45, and g can be 0.15, 0.2 or 0.25; for commercial buildings, the business hours are long in summer, the personnel are dense, and the equipment generates a lot of heat, so the air conditioning load is high, a can be 0.25, 0.3 or 0.35, b can be 0.45, 0.5 or 0.55, and g can be 0.15, 0.2 or 0.25; for residential buildings, the residents are at home for a long time in winter, and the heating demand is relatively prominent, a can be 0.4, 0.45 or 0.5, b can be 0.3, 0.35 or 0.4, and g can be 0.15, 0.2 or 0.25. The specific process of calculating K value is to first calculate the ratio of HDD / HDD0, CDD / CDD0 and S / S0 respectively, then multiply each ratio by the corresponding weight coefficient, and finally add the three products to obtain the K value, for example, a school building located in the middle of the hot summer and cold winter region, HDD=1600℃·d, CDD=1200℃·d, S=1200kWh / (m 2 ·a), a=0.4, b=0.4, g=0.2, then K=0.4×(1600 / 1600)+0.4×(1200 / 1200)+0.2×(1200 / 1200), and the specific K value can be obtained after calculation.

[0103] Select three types of building (school, commercial, residential) veranda projects in three different cities (north, middle, south) in hot summer and cold winter regions as experimental objects, obtain the HDD, CDD and S parameters of the location of each project, set the corresponding a, b and g according to the building type, use the calculation tool to substitute the formula to obtain the K value of each project, and then use the K value for the calculation of the design thickness of the insulation board. Finally, the thermal performance of the veranda connecting area under the design thickness is verified by the thermal simulation software. The experimental method is to compare the insulation board thickness corresponding to different K values, and the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value and the inner surface temperature of the connecting area under different thicknesses, to judge whether the no-thermal-bridge standard is met (the ψ value is lower than 0.015 W / (m·K), and the inner surface temperature is not lower than the indoor air dew point temperature). The test results show that the K value calculated based on the formula can adapt the insulation board thickness of different regions and different types of buildings to the local climate characteristics, and avoid the insufficient or excessive insulation caused by incomplete consideration of climate parameters. The implementation mode can achieve the technical effect that the quantitative climate load coefficient K provides a scientific climate basis for the dynamic adjustment of the insulation board thickness, makes the insulation design of the no-thermal-bridge structure more suitable for the actual climate conditions, and balances the thermal performance and economy.

[0104] According to another embodiment of the present application, the non-thermal bridge structure of the gallery component of the near zero-energy building in hot summer and cold winter zone, in step S3, the dynamic correction coefficients K1, K2, K3 are determined by the following method:

[0105] S3.1, based on the refined thermal model, simulating the heat flux density Q1 of the part where the first insulation board is located, the heat flux density Q2 of the part where the second insulation board is located, and the heat flux density Q3 of the part where the third insulation board is located under standard climate conditions; calculating the ratio of the heat flux density of each part to the total heat flux density as the part thermal weight coefficient W1, W2, W3, wherein:

[0106] the part weight coefficient W1 of the first insulation board = Q1 / (Q1+Q2+Q3),

[0107] the part weight coefficient W2 of the second insulation board = Q2 / (Q1+Q2+Q3),

[0108] the part weight coefficient W3 of the third insulation board = Q3 / (Q1+Q2+Q3);

[0109] S3.2, based on the orientation of the part where each insulation board is located, obtaining the orientation correction factor C1, C2, C3, which is determined according to the angle between the normal of the outer surface of each part and the local dominant winter wind direction and the direction of solar radiation;

[0110] S3.3, based on the exposure degree of the part where each insulation board is located, obtaining the exposure correction factor E1, E2, E3, which is determined according to whether each part is directly exposed to rain and snow environment and the degree of being sheltered by adjacent components;

[0111] S3.4, combining the climate load coefficient K, the part thermal weight coefficient, the orientation correction factor and the exposure correction factor to calculate the dynamic correction coefficient K1, K2, K3, wherein:

[0112] K1=K×W1×C1×E1,

[0113] K2=K×W2×C2×E2,

[0114] K3=K×W3×C3×E3.

[0115] In the above embodiment, when determining the dynamic correction coefficients K1, K2, K3, first, the part thermal weight coefficients W1, W2, W3 are calculated in S3.1, which can be based on the refined thermal model. This model can further refine the component surface heat exchange conditions based on the previously established two-dimensional heat transfer physical model. The standard climate conditions used in simulation can be set as indoor temperature 22℃, outdoor temperature 0℃, surface heat transfer resistance 0.045m 2The heat flux density (K / W) is consistent with the typical thermal calculation environment in hot-summer and cold-winter regions during winter. During the simulation, conventional thermal simulation software (such as DeST and EnergyPlus) was used to calculate the heat flux density at each insulation board location. The heat flux density Q1 of the first insulation board (top surface of the outer corridor board) can be 20 W / m². 2 22W / m 2 Or 24W / m 2 The heat flux density Q2 of the second insulation board (bottom surface of the outer corridor slab) can be 18 W / m. 2 20W / m 2 Or 22W / m 2 The heat flux density Q3 of the third insulation board (main exterior wall surface) can be 25W / m³. 2 27W / m 2 Or 29W / m 2 Then, the total heat flux density (Q1+Q2+Q3) is calculated, and the ratio of the heat flux density of each part to the total heat flux density is calculated separately to obtain the thermal weighting coefficient of each part. For example, when Q1=22W / m², Q2=20W / m², and Q3=28W / m², the total heat flux density is 70W / m². At this time, W1=22 / 70≈0.31, W2=20 / 70≈0.29, and W3=28 / 70=0.4. Next, proceed with S3.2 to obtain orientation correction factors C1, C2, and C3. First, determine the angle θ between the outer surface normal of each insulation board location and the prevailing winter wind direction. If the outer corridor faces south, the outer surface normal of the first insulation board (top surface) faces upward, and the angle θ between it and the prevailing winter wind direction (north wind direction) can be 90°. The outer surface normal of the second insulation board (bottom surface) faces downward, and θ can also be 90°. The outer surface normal of the third insulation board (exterior wall surface) faces outward, and θ can be 180°. The wind influence coefficient A can be determined based on the local wind speed. When the wind speed is low (2-3 m / s), A can be 0.08; when the wind speed is moderate (3-4 m / s), A can be 0.12; and when the wind speed is high (4-5 m / s), A can be 0.16. It is then calculated using the formula C = 1 + A × cos(θ). For example, when θ = 90°, cos(θ) = 0, and C can be 1.0; when θ = 180°, cos(θ) = -1, and A = 0.12, C can be 0.88. The orientation correction factor needs to be adapted to the summer climate: under the prevailing summer wind direction (e.g., southeast wind), the angle θ' between the normal to the outer surface of the location and the prevailing summer wind direction is used to supplement the summer orientation correction factor C' = 1 + A' × cos(θ'), where A' = 0.03-0.15 (summer wind speed is lower than winter, so the wind influence coefficient is adjusted downwards). Finally, the orientation correction factor is the maximum value of the winter C and the summer C.

[0116] After S3.3, exposure correction factors E1, E2, E3 are obtained, which need to be judged according to whether each part is directly exposed to rain and snow environment and the degree of shelter. If the first insulation board (top surface of the veranda board) has no sheltering member (such as eaves) above it, it is directly exposed to rain and snow, and E1 can be taken as 1.1; if there is a part of eaves sheltering (sheltering area accounts for 30-60%), E1 can be taken as 1.0; if it is completely sheltered by the upper floor, E1 can be taken as 0.9. If the second insulation board (bottom surface of the veranda board) has no shelter below it, it is directly exposed to rain and snow and wind, and E2 can be taken as 1.05; if there is a bottom canopy sheltering, E2 can be taken as 1.0; if it is tightly sheltered by adjacent buildings, E2 can be taken as 0.95. If the third insulation board (surface of the main body outer wall) is located at the low layer of the building without shelter, E3 can be taken as 1.08; if it is located at the middle layer with partial sheltering by adjacent buildings, E3 can be taken as 1.0; if it is located at the high layer and is sheltered by surrounding tall buildings, E3 can be taken as 0.92. Then, S3.4 is performed to calculate dynamic correction coefficients K1, K2, K3, which need to be combined with the climate load coefficient K (for example, 1.0, 1.05 or 1.1) obtained in the previous steps, the part thermal engineering weight coefficient W1-W3, the orientation correction factor C1-C3 and the exposure correction factor E1-E3, and substituted into the formula to calculate, for example, when K=1.05, W1=0.31, C1=1.0, E1=1.1, K1=1.05x0.31x1.0x1.1≈0.357; when K=1.05, W2=0.29, C2=1.0, E2=1.05, K2=1.05x0.29x1.0x1.05≈0.319; when K=1.05, W3=0.4, C3=0.88, E3=1.08, K3=1.05x0.4x0.88x1.08≈0.395. The exposure correction factors E1-E3 are taken as follows: complete exposure (without any shelter, directly affected by rain and snow) E=1.1; partial sheltering (sheltering area 30%-60%, such as adjacent building window sill sheltering) E=1.0; complete sheltering (sheltering area >60%, such as upper floor overhanging sheltering) E=0.9.

[0117] Select the outer corridor project in different orientations and different shading conditions in hot summer and cold winter area as the experimental object, for example, a southward unshaded school corridor, an eastward partially shaded commercial building corridor, and a northward tightly shaded residential corridor. The experimental method is that, first, for each experimental object, calculate W1-W3, C1-C3, E1-E3 and K1-K3 according to the above steps, then calculate the design thickness of each insulation board in combination with the theoretical reference thickness, then analyze the heat flow distribution of each part under the design thickness using thermal simulation software, and simultaneously measure the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value of each part after actual construction using a heat flow meter, and monitor the inner surface temperature using a temperature sensor. The test results need to meet the non-thermal bridge design requirements, that is, the ψ value of each part is lower than 0.015 W / (m·K), and the inner surface temperature is not lower than the indoor air dew point temperature (for example, when the indoor temperature is 20℃ and the relative humidity is 60%, the dew point temperature is not lower than 11℃). The technical effect that can be achieved by the embodiment is that, through multi-dimensional dynamic correction, the thickness adjustment of each insulation board not only adapts to the proportion of its own thermal load, but also considers the influence of orientation on wind environment and the resistance demand of exposure degree to rain and snow erosion, avoiding the local thermal bridge weakening caused by single correction or the waste of thermal insulation materials, and further improving the thermal adaptation and economy of the non-thermal bridge structure.

[0118] According to another embodiment of the present application, the non-thermal bridge structure of the outer corridor component of the near zero energy consumption building in hot summer and cold winter area, the orientation correction factor C1, C2, C3 is calculated by the following formula: C=1+A×cos(θ),

[0119] Wherein, θ is the angle between the normal of the outer surface of the part and the local winter dominant wind direction, A is the wind influence coefficient, the value range is 0.05 to 0.2, which is determined according to the local wind speed and the wind environment around the building.

[0120] In the above embodiments, before calculating the orientation correction factors C1, C2, and C3, the angle θ between the normal of the outer surface of each insulation board and the local winter dominant wind direction needs to be determined. In the hot summer and cold winter region, the winter dominant wind direction is mostly north wind, northeast wind, or northwest wind, which can be determined by the frequency statistics of winter wind direction published by the local meteorological department in the past 5 years. For example, if the winter dominant wind direction of a city is north wind, with a frequency of more than 40%, it is taken as the calculation basis. For the first insulation board (the top surface of the veranda board), the normal direction of its outer surface is perpendicular to the top surface and upward, and the angle θ1 between the north wind (horizontal direction) and the normal direction can be 90°. For the second insulation board (the bottom surface of the veranda board), the normal direction of its outer surface is perpendicular to the bottom surface and downward, and the angle θ2 between the north wind and the normal direction can also be 90°. For the third insulation board (the surface of the main structure outer wall), if the veranda is located on the south side of the building, the normal direction of the outer wall surface is horizontal to the south, and the angle θ3 between the north wind (horizontal to the north) and the normal direction can be 180°. If the veranda is located on the north side of the building, the normal direction of the outer wall surface is horizontal to the north, and the angle θ3 between the north wind and the normal direction can be 0°. These angle values are determined based on the relative position relationship between the actual orientation of the component and the dominant wind direction, without the need for additional complex measurement.

[0121] The value of the wind influence coefficient A needs to be combined with the local winter average wind speed and the wind environment around the building, and the value is selected in the range of 0.05 to 0.2. If the winter average wind speed of the building location is 1.8-2.8 m / s (belonging to the breeze to and wind level), and there is no high obstruction around (such as no trees or buildings higher than 10 meters), the wind environment is open, and A can be taken as 0.10. If the average wind speed is 2.8-4.0 m / s (belonging to the and wind to the breeze level), and there are a small amount of low obstructions around (such as 3-5 meters of shrubs or low-rise buildings), A can be taken as 0.14. If the average wind speed is 4.0-5.5 m / s (belonging to the breeze to the strong wind level), and there is no obstruction or only sporadic obstruction around, the wind environment is smooth, and A can be taken as 0.18. If the building is located in a dense building group, and there are buildings with similar height around to form obstruction, the wind environment is weak, even if the wind speed is high, A can also be appropriately adjusted, for example, taken as 0.07 or 0.12. When obtaining the winter average wind speed data, the long-term monitoring data of the local meteorological station can be used, and when analyzing the wind environment around the building, the conventional wind environment simulation software or field investigation record can be used. These data acquisition methods and tools are common and ready means in building engineering.

[0122] After determining θ and A, the orientation correction factor can be calculated by the formula C = 1 + A x cos(θ). For example, in a certain project, θ1 of the first insulation board is 90°, cos(90°) = 0, if A is 0.10, then C1 = 1 + 0.10 x 0 = 1.0; θ2 of the second insulation board is 90°, A is also 0.10, then C2 = 1 + 0.10 x 0 = 1.0; the third insulation board is located on the south side of the building, θ3 = 180°, cos(180°) = -1, if A is 0.14, then C3 = 1 + 0.14 x (-1) = 0.86.

[0123] The three different wind environment projects (open site, general sheltered site, and densely sheltered site) in hot summer and cold winter regions can be selected as experimental objects, C1, C2, and C3 of each project are calculated, K1, K2, and K3 are substituted into the calculation of the dynamic correction factor, the design thickness of the insulation board is finally determined, and the heat flux density and the inner surface temperature of the veranda connection area are verified by the thermal simulation software. The experimental results show that the orientation correction factor calculated based on the formula can adapt the thickness of the insulation board to the difference in heat loss under different wind environments, ensure that the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value of the connection area is lower than 0.015 W / (m·K), and the inner surface temperature is not lower than the dew point temperature of indoor air (for example, when the indoor temperature is 22℃ and the relative humidity is 60%, the dew point temperature is not lower than 14℃). The technical effect achieved by the embodiment is that the influence of the orientation on the thermal performance is calculated by a quantitative formula, the deviation of subjective experience judgment is avoided, the dynamic correction factor is more accurate, and the thermal stability of the non-thermal bridge structure is further ensured.

[0124] According to another embodiment of the present application, the non-thermal bridge structure of the veranda component of the near-zero energy consumption building in hot summer and cold winter regions in step S4, the design thickness d s1 , d s2 , d s3 is determined by the following formula:

[0125] d s1 = d b1 x K1 x η1,

[0126] d s2 = d b2 x K2 x η2,

[0127] d s3 = d b3 x K3 x η3,

[0128] wherein η1, η2, and η3 are thickness adjustment factors based on the material properties and construction process of each insulation board, and the values thereof are determined according to the long-term thermal resistance decay rate of the selected insulation material and the allowable error of the on-site construction.

[0129] In the above embodiment, the design thickness d s1、d s2 、d s3 , the parameters determined in the previous steps are substituted into the formula, where the theoretical reference thickness d b1 of the first insulation board can be 22 mm, 24 mm or 26 mm, the dynamic correction coefficient K1 can be 0.32, 0.35 or 0.38, the d b2 of the second insulation board can be 43 mm, 45 mm or 47 mm, K2 can be 0.30, 0.33 or 0.36, the d b3 of the third insulation board can be 44 mm, 46 mm or 48 mm, K3 can be 0.38, 0.41 or 0.44, these parameters are derived from the results of thermal simulation and climate, site characteristics analysis. The thickness adjustment factors η1, η2, η3 need to be selected in combination with the insulation board material and construction technology, if the first insulation board η1 can be 0.92, 0.94 or 0.96; if the second insulation board η2 can be 0.90, 0.92 or 0.94; if the third insulation board η3 can be 0.93, 0.95 or 0.97, these value ranges match the conventional performance of existing insulation materials and the general level of construction technology, without the need for special customized materials or technology. When calculating the design thickness, the cost needs to be calculated simultaneously: compared with the full-wrapped insulation of the veranda (the laying length of the insulation board is 3-4 times the length of the veranda), the material usage of this structure is reduced by 30%-40%, and the thermal simulation can be completed using free open source software (such as EnergyPlus), the design cost increases by ≤5%, and the overall cost is reduced by 20%-25% (based on the measured data of 3 pilot projects in hot summer and cold winter areas).

[0130] The determination of the thickness adjustment factor η relies on two key indicators, one is the long-term thermal resistance decay rate of the insulation material, which can be obtained through material accelerated aging test, for example, after simulating 5 years of use environment, the thermal resistance decay curve of the selected inorganic lightweight aggregate insulation board is fitted to determine its long-term thermal resistance retention rate R, which can be 0.90, 0.92 or 0.94; the second is the allowable error of on-site construction, according to the construction technology grade, if first-class insulation construction technology (error control is strict) is adopted, the allowable value of construction error Δd can be 2 mm, 2.5 mm or 3 mm; if second-class construction technology is adopted, Δd can be 3 mm, 3.5 mm or 4 mm. The nominal thickness d nom of the insulation board needs to be consistent with the material selection, for example, the nominal thickness d nom1 of the first insulation board can be 25 mm, the nominal thickness d nom2 of the second insulation board can be 50 mm, the nominal thickness d nom3 of the third insulation board can be 50 mm, the η value is calculated in combination with these parameters, for example, when R=0.92, Δd=2 mm, dnom=25 mm, η=0.92 / (1-2 / 25)=1.0, the calculation process can be completed through conventional office software, without the need for special computing equipment.

[0131] Select three different types of corridors in hot summer and cold winter area as experimental objects, which are school corridors using XPS board, commercial corridors using inorganic light aggregate insulation board and residential corridors, calculate d s1 、d s2 、d s3 After that, the heat flow distribution of the connecting area of the corridor is analyzed by using thermal simulation software, then the surface temperature in the connecting area is monitored by using temperature sensor for 72 hours after the actual construction is completed, and the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value is measured by using heat flow meter. The test results need to meet that the inner surface temperature is not lower than the dew point temperature of indoor air (such as when the indoor temperature is 20℃ and the relative humidity is 60%, the dew point temperature is not lower than 11℃), and the ψ value is lower than 0.015W / (m·K). The technical effect that can be achieved by the embodiment is that the thermal resistance attenuation in long-term use of the insulation material and the construction error are compensated by the thickness adjustment factor η, so that the insufficient insulation caused by the performance decline of the material or the construction deviation in the later period is avoided, and it is ensured that the non-thermal bridge structure can meet the thermal requirements of the nearly zero energy consumption building for a long time.

[0132] According to another embodiment of the present application, the thickness adjustment factors η1, η2 and η3 of the non-thermal bridge structure of the corridor component of the nearly zero energy consumption building in hot summer and cold winter area are determined by the following method:

[0133] Based on the accelerated aging experimental data of the selected insulation material, the long-term thermal resistance attenuation curve is fitted to determine the thermal resistance retention rate R;

[0134] According to the construction process level, the allowable value Δd of the construction error is determined;

[0135] The thickness adjustment factor η=R / (1-Δd / d nom ), wherein d nom is the nominal thickness of the insulation board.

[0136] In the above embodiments, when determining the thickness adjustment factors η1, η2, and η3, the thermal resistance retention rate R of the thermal insulation material needs to be obtained first. A sample of the same batch as the material used in actual construction can be selected as the experimental object, for example, a sample of 100 mm×100 mm×25 mm can be taken from the first thermal insulation board; a sample of 100 mm×100 mm×50 mm can be taken from the second thermal insulation board; and a sample of 100 mm×100 mm×45 mm can be taken from the third thermal insulation board. The experiment can use a common accelerated aging test box on the market to simulate environmental factors such as temperature cycles and humidity changes during building use, for example, the temperature cycle range is set to -20°C to 70°C, the humidity range is set to 30% RH to 90% RH, the cycle period is 24 hours, and the cumulative experimental duration corresponds to 5 years, 8 years, or 10 years of actual use. After the experiment, the thermal resistance change of the sample is measured by a thermal resistance tester, and a long-term thermal resistance decay curve is fitted to determine the thermal resistance retention rate R, wherein the R of the first thermal insulation board can be 0.92, 0.94, or 0.96, the R of the second thermal insulation board can be 0.90, 0.92, or 0.94, and the R of the third thermal insulation board can be 0.93, 0.95, or 0.97. These values are determined based on the results of conventional performance tests of existing thermal insulation materials.

[0137] Then, the construction error allowable value Δd needs to be determined according to the construction process level. The construction process level can be divided in combination with the quality requirements of the project and the on-site construction conditions. If the project requires a first-level construction process (strict control of the thickness deviation of the thermal insulation layer), the thickness of the thermal insulation board used for on-site trial construction can be detected by a thickness detector, and the allowable thickness deviation Δd can be 2 mm, 2.5 mm, or 3 mm; if it is a second-level construction process, Δd can be 3 mm, 3.5 mm, or 4 mm; if it is a third-level construction process (suitable for scenarios with low requirements on thickness deviation), Δd can be 4 mm, 4.5 mm, or 5 mm. The nominal thickness d nom of the thermal insulation board needs to be consistent with the material specification selected in the design, for example, the d nom of the first thermal insulation board can be 25 mm, 30 mm, or 35 mm, the d nom of the second thermal insulation board can be 50 mm, 55 mm, or 60 mm, and the d nom of the third thermal insulation board can be 45 mm, 50 mm, or 55 mm, which are all conventional specifications of ready-made thermal insulation boards on the market and do not need to be customized to special sizes.

[0138] R, Δd, and d nom are substituted into the formula η = R / (1-Δd / d nom ) to calculate the thickness adjustment factor. For example, for the first thermal insulation board, R = 0.94, Δd = 2.5 mm, and d nom = 25 mm, η1= 0.94 / (1-2.5 / 25) = 1.04; for the second thermal insulation board, R = 0.92, Δd = 3.5 mm, and dnom = 50 mm, η2= 0.92 / (1-3.5 / 50) = 0.99; the third insulation board, R = 0.95, Δd = 3 mm, d nom = 45 mm, η3= 0.95 / (1-3 / 45) = 0.98. Three projects with different corridors using different insulation materials and construction processes can be selected, and η1, η2, and η3of each project are calculated, and then the design thickness is obtained by combining the theoretical reference thickness and the dynamic correction coefficient. After construction, the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value of the connecting area is measured using a heat flow meter, and the inner surface temperature is monitored using a temperature sensor. Test results show that the design thickness calculated based on the η value determined by the method can ensure that the insulation board still meets the thermal requirements after long-term use, the ψ value is less than 0.015 W / (m·K), and the inner surface temperature is not lower than the indoor air dew point temperature (for example, when the indoor temperature is 20℃ and the relative humidity is 60%, the dew point temperature is not lower than 11℃). The technical effect achieved by the embodiment is that the thickness adjustment factor is quantified by experimental data and process parameters, which avoids insufficient or excessive compensation caused by subjective value selection, and ensures the long-term thermal performance and construction quality stability of the non-thermal bridge structure.

[0139] According to another embodiment of the present application, in the step S1.4, a multi-objective optimization algorithm is used for iterative adjustment, the multi-objective optimization algorithm takes the minimization of the total thickness of the insulation board and the minimization of the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value as the objective function, and takes the inner surface temperature not lower than the indoor air dew point temperature as the constraint condition, automatically searches for the optimal initial thickness value combination until the non-thermal bridge standard limit value is met.

[0140] In the above embodiments, when performing iterative adjustment in step S1.4, a commonly used multi-objective optimization algorithm on the market can be used, such as a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II), a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA / D), etc. These algorithms do not need to be customized and can be implemented through conventional engineering calculation software or programming tools. The two objective functions are balanced through a weighted summation method: the objective function weight is set to 0.4 for the total thickness of the insulation board and 0.6 for the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value, that is, the ψ value is prioritized to meet the non-thermal bridge limit, and then the total thickness of the insulation board is minimized. During the algorithm search process, only the feasible solutions with an inner surface temperature greater than or equal to the indoor dew point temperature are retained, and finally the combination with the smallest total thickness and a ψ value less than or equal to the limit is selected from the Pareto optimal solution set as the optimal initial thickness. First, the objective function of the algorithm is defined. The first objective function is to minimize the total thickness of the insulation board, that is, the total thickness = first insulation board thickness + second insulation board thickness + third insulation board thickness, which needs to be minimized as much as possible under the premise of meeting the thermal requirements; the second objective function is to minimize the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value, which needs to be calculated by a thermal simulation software to obtain the heat flux and temperature difference in the connecting area of the veranda board and the main structure, and the lower the value, the better the heat bridge weakening effect. At the same time, the constraint condition is set, that is, the inner surface temperature of the connecting area of the veranda board and the main structure is not less than the indoor air dew point temperature, for example, when the indoor calculation temperature is 20°C and the relative humidity is 60%, the dew point temperature is not less than 11°C; when the indoor calculation temperature is 22°C and the relative humidity is 60%, the dew point temperature is not less than 14°C. This constraint condition needs to be continuously verified during the algorithm iteration process, and if it is not met, the corresponding thickness combination is directly excluded.

[0141] The automatic search process of the algorithm can be carried out according to the following steps: first, initialize the insulation board thickness combination. The initial thickness of the first insulation board can be in the range of 20-30 mm, the second insulation board can be in the range of 40-50 mm, and the third insulation board can be in the range of 40-50 mm. Randomly generate multiple sets of thickness combinations in this range as the initial population; then, perform steady-state heat transfer calculation on each thickness combination to obtain the corresponding inner surface temperature and ψ value, and eliminate the combinations that do not meet the constraint condition; then, calculate the objective function value of the combinations that meet the constraint condition, generate a new generation of thickness combinations through selection, crossover, mutation, etc. of the algorithm, and repeat the above calculation and screening process; after each iteration, the algorithm retains the combinations with better objective function values, gradually narrows the search range, and finally finds the Pareto optimal thickness combination that simultaneously minimizes the total thickness and the ψ value. The entire iteration process does not require human intervention and can be automatically run through calculation software, saving the time cost of manual adjustment.

[0142] The outer corridor of two typical buildings in hot summer and cold winter area is selected as the experimental object, which is the school corridor and the commercial building corridor. The experimental method is that, for each experimental object, first, the optimal initial thickness combination is automatically searched by the multi-objective optimization algorithm, and the total thickness and the value of at this time are recorded; then the thickness combination is substituted into the thermal simulation software to verify whether the inner surface temperature of the connecting area meets the constraint condition; finally, after the construction according to the thickness combination, the temperature sensor is used to monitor the inner surface temperature, and the heat flow meter is used to measure the actual value. The test results show that the optimal thickness combination output by the algorithm can control the total thickness within a reasonable range, and the value is lower than 0.015 W / (m·K), and the inner surface temperature is not lower than the corresponding indoor air dew point temperature. The technical effect achieved by the embodiment is that the automation and precision of thickness adjustment are realized by the multi-objective optimization algorithm, the problems of "thick plate waste" or "value not up to standard" easily appeared in manual iteration are avoided, and the economy and thermal performance of the non-thermal bridge structure are considered.

[0143] According to another embodiment of the application, the convergence condition of the multi-objective optimization algorithm of the non-thermal bridge structure of the outer corridor component of the near zero energy consumption building in hot summer and cold winter area is set to meet the following two criteria at the same time:

[0144] The change rate of the total thickness of the insulation board in the last three iterations is not more than 0.5%;

[0145] The improvement range of the linear heat transfer coefficient value relative to the previous iteration is less than 1%;

[0146] When the above convergence criteria are met at the same time, the optimization process is terminated, and the thickness value of each insulation board at this time is output as the theoretical reference thickness.

[0147] In the above technical scheme, in the iteration process of the multi-objective optimization algorithm, the specific calculation method and threshold of the two convergence criteria need to be determined first. The first criterion is that the change rate of the total thickness of the heat preservation plate in the last three iterations is not more than 0.5%. The calculation method of the total thickness change rate is the absolute value of (the total thickness of this iteration - the total thickness of the last iteration) divided by the total thickness of the last iteration. For example, the total thickness of the first iteration is 112 mm, the second iteration is 112.3 mm, the change rate is |112.3-112| / 112≈0.27%, the third iteration is 112.4 mm, the change rate is |112.4-112.3| / 112.3≈0.09%, the change rate of the last three iterations is less than 0.5%, that is, it meets the criterion. The second criterion is that the improvement amplitude of the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value relative to the last iteration is less than 1%. The calculation method of the improvement amplitude is the absolute value of (the ψ value of the last iteration - the ψ value of this iteration) divided by the ψ value of the last iteration. For example, the ψ value of the last iteration is 0.0135 W / (m·K), the ψ value of this iteration is 0.0134 W / (m·K), the improvement amplitude is |0.0135-0.0134| / 0.0135≈0.74%, which is less than 1%, that is, it meets the criterion. In the calculation process, conventional office calculation software or engineering special numerical analysis tools can be used. These tools are ready-to-use devices that can be directly obtained on the market, without the need for additional development or customization.

[0148] During the algorithm iteration, the total thickness change rate and the ψ value improvement amplitude of each iteration need to be recorded and judged in real time to ensure that the two criteria are met simultaneously and continuously for three times. The recording method can automatically store the key data of each iteration through the log function of the algorithm, or the data can be exported to a table software for manual review. Both methods can ensure the accuracy of data recording. The logic of judging continuous three times is: count from the iteration number that meets the two criteria simultaneously for the first time. If the next two iterations still meet, it is determined that it is continuous for three times. If one of the iterations does not meet the criterion, it needs to be counted from the iteration number that meets the two criteria simultaneously again. For example, the 6th iteration meets the criterion, the 7th and 8th iterations also meet, and the convergence is determined. If the 6th iteration meets, the 7th iteration does not meet, and the 8th iteration meets, it needs to be counted from the 8th iteration again until the iteration node that meets continuously for three times is found.

[0149] An exterior corridor of a commercial building in a hot-summer, cold-winter region was selected as the experimental subject. A multi-objective optimization algorithm was initiated, and the total thickness, ψ value, and corresponding rate of change and improvement were monitored and recorded in real time for each iteration. When the iterations reached the 9th, 10th, and 11th iterations, the rates of change in total thickness were 0.32%, 0.21%, and 0.15%, respectively, all ≤0.5%, and the improvements in ψ value were 0.85%, 0.62%, and 0.48%, respectively, all <1%. At this point, the algorithm terminated, and the thickness of each insulation board in the 11th iteration was output as the theoretical baseline thickness. This theoretical baseline thickness was then substituted into thermal simulation software to verify that the inner surface temperature of the corridor connection area was not lower than the indoor air dew point temperature (when the indoor temperature is 22℃ and the relative humidity is 60%, the dew point temperature is not lower than 14℃), and the ψ value was lower than 0.015 W / (m・K). After construction, on-site testing was conducted using temperature sensors and heat flow meters, and the results were consistent with the simulation data. The technical effect achieved by this implementation method is that, through clear dual convergence criteria and three consecutive verification logic, it avoids excessive algorithm iteration (wasting computing resources) or insufficient iteration (the reference thickness does not reach a stable optimal value), ensuring that the output theoretical reference thickness has consistency and reliability, and providing stable basic data for subsequent design thickness calculation.

[0150] The convergence conditions of the multi-objective optimization algorithm are set with reference to Appendix D of GB / T51350-2019 for the accuracy requirements of thermal calculation: the total thickness change rate of three consecutive iterations ≤ 0.5% (matching the minimum cutting accuracy of the insulation board 2mm), and the improvement of ψ value < 1% (matching the test error of the heat flow meter ± 0.001W / (m·K)).

[0151] The number of devices and processing scale described herein are for the purpose of simplifying the description of the invention. Applications, modifications, and variations of the invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0152] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A thermal bridge-free structure for the exterior corridor components of a near-zero energy building in hot-summer, cold-winter regions, characterized in that: The outer corridor slab extends outward from the main structure and remains attached to it; the top surface of the outer corridor slab is covered with a first insulation board; the bottom surface of the outer corridor slab is covered with a second insulation board extending outward from the main structure within a range of 1-1.5m, with the remaining bottom surface used for equipment pipeline suspension; the exterior wall surface of the main structure adjacent to the outer corridor slab is covered with a third insulation board. The thickness of the first, second, and third insulation boards is determined by the following method: S1. Through thermal simulation, determine the theoretical reference thickness d of the first, second, and third insulation boards in a manner that meets the thermal bridge-free design standard. b1 d b2 and d b3 ; S2. Based on the climate parameters of the building's location, a comprehensive climate load coefficient K is calculated. S3. Based on the thermal characteristics of each insulation board location, determine the dynamic correction coefficients K1, K2, and K3 for each location relative to the climate load coefficient. S4. Combine the theoretical reference thickness of each insulation board with its corresponding dynamic correction coefficient to calculate the final design thickness d. s1 d s2 d s3 ; Specifically, step S1 is as follows: S1.1 Establish a two-dimensional heat transfer physical model including the connection nodes between the outer corridor slab and the main structure; S1.2 In the model, set the calculation boundary conditions for the indoor and outdoor sides. The boundary conditions shall include at least the indoor and outdoor calculation temperatures and surface heat transfer resistance determined based on the climate parameters of the building location. S1.3 In the model, assign initial thickness values ​​to the first insulation board, the second insulation board and the third insulation board, and perform steady-state heat transfer calculations; S1.4 Iteratively adjust the initial thickness value until the calculated inner surface temperature of the connection area between the outer corridor plate and the main structure is not lower than the indoor air dew point temperature, and the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value of this area is lower than the preset thermal bridge-free standard limit. S1.

5. Determine the thickness value of each insulation board in the model at this time as the theoretical reference thickness d. b1 d b2 and d b3 ; In step S3, the dynamic correction coefficients K1, K2, and K3 are determined in the following way: S3.

1. Based on a refined thermal model, under standard climatic conditions, simulate and calculate the heat flux density Q1 at the location of the first insulation board, Q2 at the location of the second insulation board, and Q3 at the location of the third insulation board; calculate the ratio of the heat flux density at each location to the total heat flux density, and use these ratios as the thermal weighting coefficients W1, W2, and W3 for each location, where: The weighting coefficient for the first insulation board is W1 = Q1 / (Q1 + Q2 + Q3). The weighting coefficient for the second insulation board is W2 = Q2 / (Q1 + Q2 + Q3). The weighting coefficient for the third insulation board is W3 = Q3 / (Q1 + Q2 + Q3); S3.

2. Based on the orientation of each insulation board location, obtain orientation correction factors C1, C2, and C3. The orientation correction factors are determined according to the angle between the normal of the outer surface of each location and the local dominant winter wind direction and solar radiation direction. S3.

3. Based on the exposure level of each insulation board location, obtain exposure correction factors E1, E2, and E3. The exposure correction factors are determined according to whether each location is directly exposed to rain and snow and the degree to which it is blocked by adjacent components. S3.

4. Combine the climate load coefficient K, the location thermal weight coefficient, the orientation correction factor, and the exposure correction factor to calculate the dynamic correction coefficients K1, K2, and K3, where: K1 = K × W1 × C1 × E1, K2 = K × W2 × C2 × E2, K3 = K × W3 × C3 × E3.

2. The thermal bridge-free structure of the exterior corridor components of a near-zero energy building in a hot-summer, cold-winter region as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the climate load factor K is calculated using the following formula: K=α×(HDD / HDD0)+β×(CDD / CDD0)+γ×(S / S0) Wherein, HDD is the number of heating degree days at the building's location, CDD is the number of air conditioning degree days, S is the annual average solar radiation intensity, HDD0, CDD0, and S0 are the benchmark values ​​of standard climate parameters corresponding to hot-summer and cold-winter regions; α, β, and γ are weighting coefficients, and α+β+γ=1, the specific values ​​of which are determined according to the building's function and indoor heat gain level.

3. The thermal bridge-free structure of the exterior corridor components of a near-zero energy building in a hot-summer, cold-winter region as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... The orientation correction factors C1, C2, and C3 are calculated using the following formula: C = 1 + A × cos(θ). Where θ is the angle between the normal to the outer surface of the part and the prevailing winter wind direction, and A is the wind influence coefficient, which ranges from 0.05 to 0.2 and is determined based on the local wind speed and the wind environment around the building.

4. The thermal bridge-free structure of the exterior corridor components of a near-zero energy building in a hot-summer, cold-winter region as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the thickness d is designed. s1 d s2 d s3 Determined by the following formula: d s1 =d b1 ×K1×η1, d s2 =d b2 ×K2×η2, d s3 =d b3 ×K3×η3, Among them, η1, η2, and η3 are thickness adjustment factors based on the material properties and construction process of each insulation board. Their values ​​are determined according to the long-term thermal resistance attenuation rate of the selected insulation material and the allowable error of on-site construction.

5. The thermal bridge-free structure of the exterior corridor components of a near-zero energy building in a hot-summer, cold-winter region as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Thickness adjustment factors η1, η2, and η3 are determined by the following method: Based on the accelerated aging test data of the selected thermal insulation material, the long-term thermal resistance decay curve was fitted to determine the thermal resistance retention rate R. The allowable construction error value Δd is determined based on the construction technology level; Thickness adjustment factor η=R / (1-Δd / d) nom ), where d nom This refers to the nominal thickness of the insulation board.

6. The thermal bridge-free structure of the exterior corridor components of a near-zero energy building in a hot-summer, cold-winter region as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1.4, a multi-objective optimization algorithm is used for iterative adjustment. The multi-objective optimization algorithm takes minimizing the total thickness of the insulation board and minimizing the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ as the objective functions, and takes the inner surface temperature not being lower than the indoor air dew point temperature as the constraint condition. It automatically searches for the optimal combination of initial thickness values ​​until the thermal bridge-free standard limit is met.

7. The thermal bridge-free structure of the exterior corridor components of a near-zero energy building in a hot-summer, cold-winter region as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The convergence condition for a multi-objective optimization algorithm is set to simultaneously satisfy the following two criteria: The rate of change in the total thickness of the insulation board during three consecutive iterations does not exceed 0.5%; The improvement in the linear heat transfer coefficient ψ value compared to the previous iteration is less than 1%; When the above criteria are met simultaneously, the optimization process terminates, and the current thickness value of each insulation board is output as the theoretical reference thickness.

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