Microorganism-coated organic fertilizer with excellent storage stability at room temperature and method for manufacturing same

Abstract

Disclosed are a microorganism-coated organic fertilizer and a method for manufacturing same, the microorganism-coated organic fertilizer comprising: an organic fertilizer; and a microorganism coating layer which covers 90 area% or greater of the surface of the organic fertilizer, wherein the maximum thickness of the microorganism coating layer is 25% or less of the thickness of the microorganism-coated organic fertilizer, and the content of microorganisms in the organic fertilizer is 1 / 20 or greater of the content of microorganisms in the microorganism-coated organic fertilizer.

Description

Microbial-coated organic fertilizer with excellent room temperature storage stability and its manufacturing method

[0001] The present invention relates to a microbially coated organic fertilizer having excellent room temperature storage stability and a method for producing the same.

[0002] Fertilizer is a general term for nutrients that promote the growth of crops and plants by enriching fields, paddy fields, soil, or forest soils. In general, fertilizers are defined as substances that, unlike nutrients that are directly added to soil or plants to maintain or increase soil productivity and promote crop or plant growth, indirectly help crop growth by improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil, promoting or suppressing beneficial microorganisms, changing nutrients that are not directly available to plants into available forms, or reducing the toxicity of toxic substances in the roots, even if they do not directly become nutrients for the crops.

[0003] Among plants, higher plants absorb water and inorganic nutrients through their roots and use solar energy to photosynthesize in their leaves, synthesizing various organic compounds essential for growth. Native plants grow and die by absorbing nutrients in a specific location, so there is little loss of nutrients from the soil in their habitat, allowing them to grow relatively well. In contrast, crops in agricultural fields absorb nutrients present in the soil rhizosphere, and once growth is complete, the harvest is transported elsewhere, preventing the absorbed nutrients from being returned to the soil. Therefore, if nutrients consumed during the crop growth stage are not artificially supplied in a timely manner, crop productivity can decline every year. Therefore, to maintain or increase land productivity and maintain crop productivity, fertilization management tailored to the type of crop and soil is required.

[0004] Accordingly, the use of chemical fertilizers (inorganic fertilizers) has been ongoing since the 1960s to increase crop productivity. While appropriate amounts of chemical fertilizers can ensure rapid growth and increased profits, excessive fertilization can lead to soil acidification and salt damage due to salt accumulation. Furthermore, the suppression of the growth of microorganisms, the ultimate decomposers, can destroy the soil ecosystem and lead to the devastation of farmland.

[0005] To solve this problem, organic fertilizers have been proposed as a replacement for chemical fertilizers. Organic fertilizers ferment and decompose organic matter through microorganisms, providing nutrients that plants can use. When organic fertilizers are applied to cultivated fields, they not only supply inorganic nutrients (N, P, K) and trace elements (Mg, Mn, Cu, B, Mo, etc.) as nutrients for cultivated crops, stimulating growth, but also provide physical pores in the soil, allowing soil rhizosphere microorganisms to settle, supplying amino acids, nucleic acids, organic acids, vitamins, etc., and accordingly, the organic acids secreted by restored rhizosphere microorganisms ionize inorganic salts around the roots so that they can be easily absorbed by crops, thereby alleviating salt accumulation in the cultivated field.

[0006] However, when animal or plant-based materials that are the raw materials for organic fertilizers are used as they are, cellulose, lignin, etc. are difficult to decompose and cannot be easily absorbed by plants. In addition, if there are not enough microorganisms in the soil that can decompose and ferment them, decay due to anaerobic fermentation may occur, generating harmful gases.

[0007] Accordingly, organic fertilizers containing microorganisms have been proposed. For example, Patent Document 1 (Korean Patent Publication No. 298785) discloses an organic compound fertilizer manufactured by mixing a microbial liquid with organic materials including rice bran, oil cake, and fish cake. However, unlike conventional chemical fertilizers (inorganic fertilizers), organic fertilizers lack the binding force between materials. Therefore, when simply mixing organic materials and microbial liquid as in Patent Document 1 is manufactured, there is a problem that the microbial liquid often penetrates the center of the organic fertilizer, causing damage to the organic fertilizer during the drying and cooling processes.

[0008] To address the above issues, the applicant has proposed a technology for forming a microbial coating layer on the surface of organic fertilizer by spraying and drying a liquid microbial culture solution on the surface of the organic fertilizer (Patent Document 2; Korean Patent Publication No. 2538072). When a microbial coating layer is formed by spraying and drying a microbial culture solution as described in Patent Document 2, the microbial culture solution is absorbed only on the surface of the organic fertilizer, thereby improving the mechanical strength of the organic fertilizer.

[0009] However, the organic fertilizer according to Patent Document 2 has a problem in that the microorganism content contained in the organic fertilizer rapidly decreases when the organic fertilizer is stored at room temperature for a long period of time, as the microorganisms are distributed only on the surface of the organic fertilizer.

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to solve these problems and provide a microbially coated organic fertilizer with excellent room temperature storage stability and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0011] According to one aspect, a microbially coated organic fertilizer is provided, comprising an organic fertilizer and a microbial coating layer covering 90% or more of the surface of the organic fertilizer, wherein a maximum thickness of the microbial coating layer is 25% or less of the thickness of the microbially coated organic fertilizer, and a content of microorganisms contained in the organic fertilizer is 1 / 20 or more of the content of microorganisms contained in the microbially coated organic fertilizer.

[0012] In one embodiment, the organic fertilizer may include at least one of castor bean meal; rice meal; and rapeseed oil meal, palm oil meal, and processed chicken manure.

[0013] In one embodiment, the organic fertilizer may include 10 to 95 wt% of castor bean meal; 1 to 50 wt% of rice meal; and 4 to 80 wt% of at least one of rapeseed oil meal, palm oil meal, and processed chicken manure.

[0014] In one embodiment, the microorganism may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Saccharomyces, Pseudomonas, Aspergillus, Rhodotorula, Streptomyces, and Thermoascus.

[0015] In one embodiment, the organic fertilizer may be in the form of pellets or granules.

[0016] According to another aspect, a method for producing a microbially coated organic fertilizer is provided, comprising: (a) a step of mixing and crushing organic raw materials; (b) a step of forming the mixture of (a) into a pellet or granule form to produce an organic fertilizer; (c) a step of introducing the organic fertilizer into a cylindrical rotating housing that has a shape inclined downward from an inlet to an outlet and rotates at a predetermined speed by externally provided power; and (d) a step of spraying a microbial culture solution while supplying hot air into the inside of the cylindrical rotating housing to form and dry a microbial coating layer that covers 90 area% or more of the surface of the organic fertilizer; wherein the moisture content of the organic fertilizer introduced into the cylindrical rotating housing in the step (c) is 16 to 24%.

[0017] In one embodiment, in step (d), the spraying of the microbial culture solution is performed by a spray nozzle having a plurality of spray holes formed therein, and the length of the spray nozzle may be 1 / 3 or less of the length of the cylindrical rotating housing.

[0018] In one embodiment, the temperature of the hot air supplied in step (d) may be 35 to 80°C.

[0019] The microbial-coated organic fertilizer according to the present invention has the advantage of having a large number of microorganisms penetrating into the microbial coating layer, resulting in a long survival period of the microorganisms, and thus excellent stability in storage at room temperature.

[0020] In addition, the microbial-coated organic fertilizer according to the present invention has the advantages of high NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) content, low weed growth during fertilization, and no foul odor, making it highly usable.

[0021] In addition, when the microbially coated organic fertilizer according to the present invention is applied to soil, the organic components contained in the organic fertilizer cause a large amount of microorganisms in the soil to proliferate, and the fermentation rate of the organic components increases due to the proliferated microorganisms, resulting in the promotion of crop growth, an accelerated growth rate, and the harvest of high-quality fruits.

[0022] It should be understood that the effects of one aspect of the present invention are not limited to the effects described above, but include all effects that can be inferred from the detailed description of the invention or the composition described in the claims of this specification.

[0023] Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of a fertilizer processing unit (100) used in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a fertilizer processing unit (100) used in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 is an example of the AA cross-section of Figure 2.

[0026] The advantages and features of the present invention and the method for achieving them will become clear with reference to the embodiments described in detail below together with the attached drawings.

[0027] However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but can be implemented in various different forms, and these embodiments are provided only to make the disclosure of the present invention complete and to fully inform a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs of the scope of the invention, and the present invention is defined only by the scope of the claims.

[0028] Accordingly, in some embodiments, well-known process steps, well-known structures, and well-known techniques are not specifically described to avoid obscuring the present invention.

[0029] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. In this specification, singular forms also include plural forms, unless specifically stated otherwise.

[0030] Throughout this specification, when a part is said to be "connected" to another part, this includes not only cases where the part is "directly connected" but also cases where the part is "indirectly connected" with another part intervening. Furthermore, when a part is said to "include" a component, this does not exclude the other component, but rather includes the other component, unless otherwise stated.

[0031] Throughout this specification, upper and lower refer to being located above or below the target member, but do not necessarily mean being located above or below in the direction of gravity.

[0032] When a range of numerical values ​​is stated herein, unless the specific range is otherwise specified, the values ​​have the precision of the significant figures provided according to the standard rules in chemistry for significant figures. For example, the number 10 includes the range of 5.0 to 14.9, and the number 10.0 includes the range of 9.50 to 10.49.

[0033] Hereinafter, a microbial-coated organic fertilizer having excellent room temperature storage stability, which is one aspect of the present invention, will be described in detail.

[0034] According to one aspect of the present invention, a microbially coated organic fertilizer is provided, comprising an organic fertilizer and a microbial coating layer covering 90% or more of the surface of the organic fertilizer, wherein a maximum thickness of the microbial coating layer is 25% or less of the thickness of the microbially coated organic fertilizer, and a content of microorganisms contained in the organic fertilizer is 1 / 20 or more of the content of microorganisms contained in the microbial coating layer.

[0035] When the microbially coated organic fertilizer of the present invention is applied to soil, the organic components contained in the organic fertilizer cause a large number of microorganisms in the soil to proliferate, and the fermentation rate of the organic components increases due to the proliferated microorganisms, thereby accelerating the growth rate of crops and producing high-quality fruits.

[0036] Traditionally, organic fertilizers were primarily made from livestock waste, organic waste, or plant matter. However, due to storage and application difficulties, they are now manufactured in solid form. When using livestock waste or food waste as the primary raw material, the manufacturing process requires artificial composting (fermentation), which is cumbersome. Furthermore, fertilizer application can produce a characteristic foul odor and frequently produce weeds.

[0037] In contrast, the organic fertilizer of the present invention includes castor bean meal and rice bran, and further includes at least one selected from the group consisting of rapeseed oil meal, palm oil meal, and processed manure depending on the condition or variety of the soil to which it is applied, so that it does not generate an unpleasant odor and can be of excellent usability.

[0038] In addition, unlike chemical fertilizers or compound fertilizers that artificially increase the NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) content, thereby hindering the growth of crops, causing pests and diseases, and ultimately leading to the use of pesticides, the microbial-coated organic fertilizer of the present invention contains plant-based raw materials such as castor bean meal, rapeseed oil cake, palm oil cake, and rice bran, so that the sum of the contents of components including nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) (total nitrogen, phosphorus oxide, and potassium oxide) is 10 wt% or more without artificially increasing the NPK content, thereby effectively stimulating the growth of crops without using pesticides.

[0039] Here, the castor bean meal, rapeseed oil meal, and palm oil meal refer to the remaining by-products obtained by extracting oil from the raw material seeds, and specifically, the castor bean meal refers to the remaining by-product obtained by extracting oil from castor beans, the rapeseed oil meal refers to the remaining by-product obtained by extracting oil from rapeseed seeds, and the palm oil meal refers to the remaining by-product obtained by pressing oil from palm seeds. The castor bean meal, rapeseed oil meal, and palm oil meal may contain a relatively high content of nitrogen compared to animal-based raw materials.

[0040] The content of the above castor bean meal may be 10% to 95% by weight based on the total weight of the organic fertilizer, for example, 10% by weight, 15% by weight, 20% by weight, 25% by weight, 30% by weight, 35% by weight, 40% by weight, 45% by weight, 50% by weight, 55% by weight, 56% by weight, 57% by weight, 58% by weight, 59% by weight, 60% by weight, 61% by weight, 62% by weight, 63% by weight, 64% by weight, 65% by weight, 66% by weight, 67% by weight, 68% by weight, 69% by weight, 70% by weight, 71% by weight, 72% by weight, 73% by weight, 74% by weight, 75% by weight, 76% by weight, 77% by weight, 78% by weight, 79% by weight, 80% by weight, It may be 81 wt%, 82 wt%, 83 wt%, 84 wt%, 85 wt%, 90 wt%, or 95 wt%, but is not necessarily limited thereto. If the content of castor bean meal exceeds the above range, the nitrogen content in the fertilizer may decrease.

[0041] The above-mentioned rice bran is a byproduct generated when brown rice is milled into white rice. Due to its high phosphoric acid content, it can be used as feed, compost, or as an eco-friendly material. The rice bran contains oil, which acts as a lubricant to ensure even mixing of the various raw materials of organic fertilizer. It also enhances the bonding strength with the microbial coating layer described below. By evenly mixing the various raw materials, the bonding strength between the raw materials can be enhanced. The content of the above-mentioned rice bran may be 1 wt% to 50 wt% based on the total weight of the organic fertilizer, and may be, for example, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt%, 10 wt%, 11 wt%, 12 wt%, 13 wt%, 14 wt%, 15 wt%, 20 wt%, 25 wt%, 30 wt%, 35 wt%, 40 wt%, 45 wt% or 50 wt%, but is not necessarily limited thereto. If the content of the rice bran is out of the above range, the effect as the above-mentioned lubricant may be insufficient, solidification of the fertilizer may become difficult, or the bonding strength with the coating layer described later may be weakened.

[0042] When the organic fertilizer further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of rapeseed oil cake, palm oil cake and processed chicken manure, the content thereof may be from 4 wt% to 80 wt% in total based on the total weight of the organic fertilizer, for example, 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt%, 10 wt%, 11 wt%, 12 wt%, 13 wt%, 14 wt%, 15 wt%, 16 wt%, 17 wt%, 18 wt%, 19 wt%, 20 wt%, 21 wt%, 22 wt%, 23 wt%, 24 wt%, 25 wt%, 26 wt%, 27 wt%, 28 wt%, 29 wt%, 30 wt%, 31 wt%, 32 wt%, 33 wt%, 34 wt%, 35 wt%, It may be 36 wt%, 37 wt%, 38 wt%, 39 wt%, 40 wt%, 45 wt%, 50 wt%, 55 wt%, 60 wt%, 65 wt%, 70 wt%, 75 wt% or 80 wt%, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

[0043] Specifically, the content of the rapeseed oil cake may be, for example, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt%, 10 wt%, 11 wt%, 12 wt%, 13 wt%, 14 wt%, 15 wt%, 16 wt%, 17 wt%, 18 wt%, 19 wt%, 20 wt%, 21 wt%, 22 wt%, 23 wt%, 24 wt%, 25 wt%, 26 wt%, 27 wt%, 28 wt%, 29 wt% or 30 wt%, but is not necessarily limited thereto. In addition, the content of the palm oil cake may be, for example, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt%, 10 wt%, 11 wt%, 12 wt%, 13 wt%, 14 wt%, or 15 wt%, but is not necessarily limited thereto. In the case where rapeseed oil cake or palm oil cake is further included, if each content is input outside the above range, the coating property of the fertilizer may be reduced.

[0044] In addition, the content of the processed powder may be, for example, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt%, 10 wt%, 11 wt%, 12 wt%, 13 wt%, 14 wt%, 15 wt%, 16 wt%, 17 wt%, 18 wt%, 19 wt%, 20 wt%, 21 wt%, 22 wt%, 23 wt%, 24 wt%, or 25 wt%, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

[0045] In general, chicken manure has a higher content of fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium than cattle or pig manure, making it a valuable raw material for fertilizer. Since the composition of the feed is generally consistent, there is little difference in the composition of the chicken manure. However, since the raw material itself contains a high amount of moisture, it can be used as an organic fertilizer by going through a fermentation or drying process. Chicken manure can be manufactured in the form of dried dry chicken manure, processed chicken manure that has gone through a fermentation process for a certain period of time, and compost that has been fermented and completely decomposed. In particular, processed chicken manure can be more stable for crop growth than dry chicken manure because it goes through a certain fermentation period, and has the advantage of less nutrient loss than compost because the fermentation period is shorter.

[0046] The above processed chicken manure can be manufactured by mixing sawdust with the raw chicken manure and going through a fermentation process, and the chicken manure and sawdust can be mixed in a weight ratio of 70 to 90: 10 to 30. By mixing sawdust with the chicken manure, the moisture of the chicken manure can be controlled and the odor can be reduced, making it easy to handle and easy to apply as an organic fertilizer. The above processed chicken manure can be combined with the aforementioned plant-based raw materials, such as castor bean meal, rapeseed oil cake, and palm oil cake, to improve the performance of the organic fertilizer, thereby improving the productivity of crops.

[0047] The above organic fertilizer may be in the form of pellets or granules. Specifically, the organic fertilizer may be manufactured as solid particles of pellets or granules, thereby minimizing dust generation during transportation of the fertilizer and enabling uniform application during fertilization, thereby enhancing convenience of use.

[0048] The average particle size of the organic fertilizer may be 1 to 10 mm, and for example, may be 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm or 10 mm, but is not limited thereto. If the average particle size of the organic fertilizer is less than 1 mm, the risk of loss of the organic fertilizer may increase, and if it exceeds 10 mm, the mechanical properties of the organic fertilizer may deteriorate.

[0049] The microbially coated organic fertilizer of the present invention includes a microbial coating layer formed on at least a portion of the surface of the organic fertilizer.

[0050] Organic fertilizers, primarily made from organic ingredients like oil cake, processed chicken manure, and rice bran, do not necessarily require pre-fermentation or artificial composting. However, after application, they can provide nutrients through fermentation with soil microorganisms. However, if fermentation is slower than that of livestock manure compost, and soil deterioration hinders the supply of microorganisms, the soil improvement effect of organic fertilizers can be significantly reduced.

[0051] However, the present invention can achieve an excellent soil improvement effect even in cases where the supply of microorganisms is not smooth due to soil devastation by forming a microbial coating layer on at least a portion of the surface of the organic fertilizer.

[0052] To achieve the above effect, the microbial coating layer may cover, for example, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% of the surface of the organic fertilizer, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

[0053] The above microbial coating layer may be formed by spraying and drying a liquid microbial culture solution.

[0054] The maximum thickness of the microbial coating layer may be, for example, 25%, 24%, 23%, 22%, 21%, 20%, 19%, 18%, 17%, 16%, 15%, 14%, 13%, 12%, 11%, 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, or 1% of the thickness of the microbially coated organic fertilizer, but is not necessarily limited thereto. Unlike conventional chemical fertilizers (inorganic fertilizers), organic fertilizers have relatively poor bonding strength between materials, and thus, when the microbial culture solution penetrates into the center of the organic fertilizer, there is a risk of damage during the drying and cooling process, or during the storage or transportation of the final product. However, in the present invention, the maximum thickness of the microbial coating layer can be controlled to be below a certain level, thereby preventing deterioration of mechanical strength. Here, the microbial coating layer and the organic fertilizer therein can be easily distinguished through color differences. Meanwhile, the present invention does not specifically limit the method for controlling the maximum thickness of the microbial coating layer. However, for example, when forming the microbial coating layer using the fertilizer processing unit described later, the maximum thickness of the microbial coating layer can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the cylindrical rotating housing, the residence time within the cylindrical rotating housing, the temperature and intensity of the hot air, etc.

[0055] The present invention is characterized in that the content of microorganisms contained in the organic fertilizer is 1 / 20 or more, preferably 1 / 15 or more, and more preferably 1 / 12 or more, of the content of microorganisms contained in the microbially coated organic fertilizer, and for example, it may be 1 / 20 or more, 1 / 19 or more, 1 / 18 or more, 1 / 17 or more, 1 / 16 or more, 1 / 15 or more, 1 / 14 or more, 1 / 13 or more, 1 / 12 or more, 1 / 11 or more, or 1 / 10 or more, but is not necessarily limited thereto. In the organic fertilizer according to the above-mentioned patent document 2, microorganisms are distributed only on the surface of the organic fertilizer, so there was a problem that the content of microorganisms contained in the organic fertilizer rapidly decreased when the organic fertilizer was stored at room temperature for a long period of time. However, in the present invention, since at least 1 / 20 or more of the microorganisms diffuse into the interior of the organic fertilizer, the microorganisms can survive for a long period of time even when the organic fertilizer is stored at room temperature for a long period of time, thereby significantly improving the stability of the organic fertilizer when stored at room temperature. Here, the content of microorganisms contained in the organic fertilizer refers to the content of microorganisms measured after removing the microbial coating layer from the microbially coated organic fertilizer.

[0056] The content of microorganisms contained in the above microbial-coated organic fertilizer is 1.0×10 6 ~1.0×10 10 cfu / ml, preferably 1.0×10 7 ~5.0×10 9 cfu / ml, more preferably 5.0×10 7 ~1.0×10 9 It can be, but is not limited to, cfu / ml. Here, the microbial content refers to the number of colonies (groups) contained in 1 ml of a 10 ml aqueous solution made by powdering fertilizer and dissolving 1 g of the powdered fertilizer in approximately 9 ml of distilled water.

[0057] The present invention does not specifically limit the method for diffusing microorganisms into the interior of organic fertilizer, but for example, by appropriately managing the moisture content of organic fertilizer before forming a microbial coating layer or appropriately managing microbial coating and hot air drying conditions, microorganisms can be diffused into the interior of organic fertilizer.

[0058] The above microorganism may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Saccharomyces, Pseudomonas, Aspergillus, Rhodotorula, Streptomyces, and Thermoascus, and may preferably be Bacillus, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

[0059] The above Bacillus genus microorganism may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

[0060] The above Lactobacillus microorganism may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Lactobacillus bulgaricus, but is not necessarily limited thereto.

[0061] The above Saccharomyces genus microorganism may be, but is not necessarily limited to, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

[0062] The above Pseudomonas genus microorganism may be, but is not necessarily limited to, Pseudomonas protegens.

[0063] The above Aspergillus microorganism may be, but is not necessarily limited to, Pseudomonas protegens.

[0064] The above Rhodotorula genus microorganism may be, but is not necessarily limited to, Rhodotorula aurantiaca.

[0065] The above Streptomyces microorganism may be, but is not necessarily limited to, Streptomyces costaricanus.

[0066] The above-mentioned Thermoascus genus microorganism may be, but is not necessarily limited to, Thermoascus thermophilus.

[0067] In one embodiment of the present invention, the microbial coating layer may further include liquid fertilizer, which is a liquid fertilizer generated in the process of recycling organic waste resources. For example, food waste may be digested under anaerobic conditions, only the liquid component may be separated from the digested mixture and used as liquid fertilizer, or the separated liquid component may be injecting air or air and microorganisms together to compost and used as liquid fertilizer. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and any liquid fertilizer generated in the process of recycling organic waste resources may be used without particular limitation. Raw materials for such liquid fertilizer include sesame cake, ethanol, soybeans, palm oil, cottonseed, bone meal, eggshells, etc., and these contain a large amount of NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) and can effectively improve the growth of crops.

[0068] Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing a microbially coated organic fertilizer having excellent room temperature storage stability, which is another aspect of the present invention, will be described in detail.

[0069] Another aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a microbially coated organic fertilizer having excellent stability for storage at room temperature, comprising the steps of: (a) mixing and crushing organic raw materials; (b) forming the mixture of (a) into a pellet or granule form to produce an organic fertilizer; (c) injecting the organic fertilizer into a cylindrical rotating housing having a shape inclined downward from an inlet to an outlet and rotating at a predetermined speed by externally provided power; and (d) forming and drying a microbial coating layer covering 90% or more of the surface of the organic fertilizer by spraying a microbial culture solution while supplying hot air into the interior of the cylindrical rotating housing.

[0070] In step (a), a mixture is prepared by mixing and grinding organic raw materials, wherein the organic raw materials may refer to one or more of castor bean meal, rice meal, rapeseed oil meal, palm oil meal, and processed chicken meal. The physical properties, contents, and specific effects of each of the above organic raw materials are as described above.

[0071] In step (b), the mixture of step (a) is fed into a molding machine and molded into pellets or granules to produce an organic fertilizer. Step (b) may be performed at a molding temperature of 300 to 500°C, for example, 300°C, 325°C, 350°C, 375°C, 400°C, 425°C, 450°C, 475°C, 500°C, or a molding temperature between any two of these values. If the molding temperature is less than 300°C, the moldability of the organic fertilizer may be reduced, and if it exceeds 500°C, the molding temperature may be excessively high, causing the organic fertilizer to be destroyed.

[0072] In step (c), the organic fertilizer of step (b) is fed into a cylindrical rotating housing that has a shape inclined so as to form a downward slope from the inlet to the outlet and rotates at a predetermined speed by external power.

[0073] FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a fertilizer processing unit (100) used in the above step (c), FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the fertilizer processing unit (100), and FIG. 3 is an illustration of a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2.

[0074] The fertilizer processing unit (100) manufactures organic fertilizer (1) supplied from the molding machine into microbially coated organic fertilizer (2).

[0075] This fertilizer processing unit (100) may include a cylindrical rotating housing (110), a mixing blade unit (120), a coating solution supply unit (130), a hot air supply unit (140), and an operation control unit (150).

[0076] The cylindrical rotating housing (110) forms the outer shape of the fertilizer processing unit (100).

[0077] Inside the cylindrical rotating housing (110), a hollow processing space (111) is formed to accommodate organic fertilizer (1).

[0078] An inlet is formed at one end of the cylindrical rotating housing (110) through which organic fertilizer (1) supplied from the molding machine is introduced, and an outlet is formed at the other end of the cylindrical rotating housing (110) through which organic fertilizer (2) coated with microorganisms is discharged.

[0079] In this way, organic fertilizer (1) introduced through the inlet is coated with microorganisms while moving along the length of the cylindrical rotating housing (110), and a microbially coated organic fertilizer (2) can be manufactured.

[0080] The moisture content of the organic fertilizer fed into the cylindrical rotary housing may be 16 to 24%, for example, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, or a value between any two of these values. If the moisture content of the organic fertilizer is too low, microorganisms may not be able to sufficiently diffuse into the inside of the organic fertilizer, and on the other hand, if the moisture content of the organic fertilizer is too high, the drying treatment of the microbial coating layer may not be properly performed. The moisture content of the organic fertilizer may be controlled by supplying the mixture of step (a) to a steamer before feeding it into the molding machine, and adjusting the content of moisture supplied through the steamer, but is not limited thereto.

[0081] The cylindrical rotating housing (110) has a tilted shape so that it slopes downward from the inlet to the outlet.

[0082] This cylindrical rotary housing (110) can be rotated by the operation of the rotary roller (112) while being supported by the rotary roller (112). In this way, during the process of rotating the cylindrical rotary housing (110), the organic fertilizer (1) supplied to the processing space (111) can be moved along the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical rotary housing (110). In this process, the organic fertilizer (1) can be manufactured into a microbially coated organic fertilizer (2).

[0083] Here, the rotary roller (112) can rotate the cylindrical rotary housing (110) at a required rotation speed by power provided from a rotary power unit (not shown).

[0084] The hot air supply unit (140) is connected to one end of the cylindrical rotating housing (110). This hot air supply unit (140) is configured to supply hot air to the processing space unit (111).

[0085] In this way, the hot air supplied from the hot air supply unit (140) dries the microbially coated organic fertilizer moving in the processing space unit (111) and spreads the microorganisms into the microbial coating layer.

[0086] The operation control unit (150) can selectively control the strength or temperature of the hot air supplied from the hot air supply unit (140). In this way, the operation control unit (150) can selectively control the hot air temperature and hot air strength of the hot air supply unit (140), thereby controlling the content of microorganisms diffused into the microbial coating layer.

[0087] The temperature of the hot air supplied from the hot air supply unit (140) may be 35 to 80°C, preferably 45 to 70°C, and more preferably 50 to 65°C, and for example, may be 35°C, 36°C, 37°C, 38°C, 39°C, 40°C, 41°C, 42°C, 43°C, 44°C, 45°C, 46°C, 47°C, 48°C, 49°C, 50°C, 51°C, 52°C, 53°C, 54°C, 55°C, 56°C, 57°C, 58°C, 59°C, 60°C, 61°C, 62°C, 63°C, 64°C, 65°C, or a value between two of these values. If the temperature of the hot air is too low, the drying process of the microbial coating layer may not be carried out properly, and conversely, if the temperature of the hot air is too high, the microorganisms may not be able to sufficiently diffuse into the inside of the organic fertilizer.

[0088] And a mixing wing (120) is provided inside the cylindrical rotating housing (110).

[0089] The mixing wing (120) ensures that the hot air supplied from the hot air supply unit (140) is effectively supplied to the organic fertilizer (1).

[0090] Such mixing wing members (120) protrude at predetermined intervals along the circumference of the cylindrical rotating housing (110). In addition, the mixing wing members (120) can also be arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical rotating housing (110).

[0091] The mixing blade (120) mixes the organic fertilizer (1) contained in the processing space (111) while the cylindrical rotating housing (110) rotates, and simultaneously supplies hot air between the plurality of organic fertilizers (1). Accordingly, the drying efficiency of the organic fertilizer (1) can be further increased.

[0092] The coating liquid supply unit (130) is coupled to one end of the cylindrical rotating housing (110).

[0093] The coating solution supply unit (130) sprays the microbial culture solution into the processing space unit (111) so that microbial coating treatment is performed on the outer surface of the organic fertilizer (1).

[0094] The coating solution supply unit (130) controls the type and content of the microbial culture solution sprayed as organic fertilizer (1), so that the outer surface of the final microbial-coated organic fertilizer (2) can be coated with microorganisms of the desired type and thickness.

[0095] Such a coating liquid supply unit (130) may include a coating liquid tank unit (131), a spray nozzle (132), and a metering pump (133).

[0096] The coating solution tank (131) may be provided in multiple units. That is, each coating solution tank (131) may contain a different microbial culture solution.

[0097] Each of these coating liquid tanks (131) is connected to a quantitative pump (133), and the microbial culture liquid can be supplied to the spray nozzle (132) by the operation of the quantitative pump (133).

[0098] A valve (not shown) may be provided on the connecting pipe (134) to which the coating liquid tank (131) and the quantitative pump (133) are connected, and the operation control unit (150) can selectively control the opening and closing of the valve.

[0099] Accordingly, the operation control unit (150) can coat the microbial coating of the microbially coated organic fertilizer (2) in various forms through valve control. For example, the operation control unit (150) can control to spray only the first microbial culture solution contained in the first coating solution tank to the organic fertilizer (1), or can control to spray only the second microbial culture solution contained in the second coating solution tank to the organic fertilizer (1). Alternatively, the operation control unit (150) can control to spray a microbial culture solution in which the first microbial culture solution and the second microbial culture solution are mixed to the organic fertilizer (1). In the case of the mixed microbial culture solution, the mixing ratio of the first microbial culture solution and the second microbial culture solution can be selectively controlled by controlling the opening and closing amount of the valve provided in each connecting pipe (134).

[0100] In Fig. 2, a form equipped with two coating liquid tanks (131) is described as an example, but the number of coating liquid tanks (131) is not necessarily limited to two and may be equipped with a variety of numbers.

[0101] The quantitative pump (133) is configured to supply the microbial culture solution to the spray nozzle (132) at a predetermined pressure. The operation of the quantitative pump (133) can also be controlled by the operation control unit (150).

[0102] The spray nozzle (132) is connected to a quantitative pump (133) and is configured to spray the microbial culture solution supplied from the quantitative pump (133) as organic fertilizer (1).

[0103] The spray nozzle (132) is provided on one end side of the cylindrical rotating housing (110) and is arranged in the processing space (111). Such a spray nozzle (132) is provided on one end side of the cylindrical rotating housing (110) and is configured to spray a microbial culture solution onto the outer surface of an organic fertilizer (1) supplied to the cylindrical rotating housing (110) through an inlet. That is, the spray nozzle (132) is configured to spray the microbial culture solution onto the organic fertilizer (1) accommodated on one side of the cylindrical rotating housing (110).

[0104] A plurality of injection holes (not shown) are formed in the injection nozzle (132), so that the microbial culture solution injected from the injection holes can be injected into the organic fertilizer (1) accommodated in one side of the cylindrical rotating housing (110).

[0105] Here, the length of the spray nozzle (132) is less than 1 / 3 of the length of the cylindrical rotating housing (110), and the microbial culture solution is sprayed onto the organic fertilizer (1). This is to ensure that, while the microbial culture solution is applied to the outer surface of the organic fertilizer (1), the microbial coating layer is effectively dried by the hot air supplied from the hot air supply unit (140) during the process in which the organic fertilizer (1) moves to the other side of the cylindrical rotating housing (110), and at the same time, the microorganisms in the microbial coating layer are effectively diffused into the interior of the organic fertilizer.

[0106] That is, if the length of the spray nozzle (132) exceeds 1 / 3 of the length of the cylindrical rotating housing (110), the microbial culture solution applied to the outer surface of the organic fertilizer (1) may not be properly dried, or the problem may occur that the microorganisms are not sufficiently diffused into the interior of the organic fertilizer.

[0107] Accordingly, the length of the spray nozzle (132) is made to be 1 / 3 or less of the length of the cylindrical rotating housing (110), and more preferably, the length of the spray nozzle (132) is made to be 1 / 4 or less of the length of the cylindrical rotating housing (110) for effective drying of the microbial culture solution and sufficient diffusion of the microorganisms.

[0108] Hereinafter, the embodiments of this specification will be described in more detail. However, the experimental results below represent only representative experimental results among the above embodiments, and the scope and content of this specification cannot be interpreted as being reduced or limited by the embodiments, etc. The effects of each of the various implementation examples of this specification that are not explicitly presented below will be specifically described in the relevant sections.

[0109] Comparative Example 1

[0110] A mixture was prepared by adding 80 wt% of castor bean meal, 10 wt% of rapeseed oil meal, 5 wt% of palm oil meal, and 5 wt% of rice bran to a grinder and mixing and grinding.

[0111] Afterwards, the manufactured mixture was put into a molding machine and extruded at 400℃ to form an organic fertilizer in the form of pellets.

[0112] Afterwards, the molded organic fertilizer was put into the drum-type coating machine and rotated while Bacillus megaterium culture solution (1.9×10 9 After spraying the culture solution on the surface of organic fertilizer (cfu / ml), the culture solution was coated, and then cooled and dried in a cooler at 5°C for 2 hours to produce a microbial-coated organic fertilizer. The coverage of the microbial coating layer was 100% by area, and the maximum thickness of the microbial coating layer was approximately 8% of the thickness of the microbial-coated organic fertilizer. Here, the maximum thickness of the microbial coating layer represents the maximum thickness of the microbial coating layer in a cross-section cut perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the pellet-shaped organic fertilizer.

[0113] Example 1

[0114] A mixture was prepared by adding 80 wt% of castor bean meal, 10 wt% of rapeseed oil meal, 5 wt% of palm oil meal, and 5 wt% of rice bran to a grinder and mixing and grinding.

[0115] Afterwards, the manufactured mixture was put into a steamer to supply moisture so that the moisture content became 18%, and then put into a molding machine to extrude at 400°C to form an organic fertilizer in the form of pellets.

[0116] Afterwards, the molded organic fertilizer is fed into the fertilizer processing unit of Fig. 2 and rotated, while the Bacillus megaterium culture solution (1.9×10 9 The surface of organic fertilizer was coated with the above culture solution by spraying 100 cfu / ml of the culture medium, and dried by hot air to produce organic fertilizer coated with microorganisms. At this time, the temperature of the hot air supplied to the fertilizer processing unit was 60°C. In addition, the coverage rate of the microbial coating layer was 100% by area, and the maximum thickness of the microbial coating layer was approximately 8% of the thickness of the microbial coating organic fertilizer.

[0117] Experimental Example 1: Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Microbial-Coated Organic Fertilizers

[0118] To confirm the mechanical properties of the organic fertilizers manufactured in the examples and comparative examples, impact strength and tensile strength were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0119] - Impact strength (1 / 8'', kgf / cm) 2 ): Measured according to the ASTM D256 method.

[0120] - Tensile strength (kgf / cm) 2 ): Measured according to the ASTM D638 method.

[0121] Classification Impact strength Tensile strength Comparison Example 110.4251 Example 110.3248

[0122] Referring to Table 1, both the microbial coated organic fertilizers of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 had an impact strength of 9.0 kgf / cm. 2Above, the tensile strength is 220kgf / cm 2 As shown above, it can be confirmed that the mechanical properties are excellent. Accordingly, it can be confirmed that both the microbial-coated organic fertilizers of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 can be sprayed without damage or loss during fertilization.

[0123] Experimental Example 2: Measurement of Microbial Content in Microbial-Coated Organic Fertilizer

[0124] The microbial content (A) contained in the microbially coated organic fertilizers of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was measured. In addition, after removing the microbial coating layer of the microbially coated organic fertilizers of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the microbial content (B) contained in the organic fertilizers was measured. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0125] Classification ABB / A Comparison Example 11.08×10 8 cfu / ml5.62×10 3 cfu / ml0.000052Example 11.10×10 8 cfu / ml1.23×10 7 cfu / ml0.11

[0126] Referring to Table 2, it can be confirmed that the microbially coated organic fertilizer of Example 1 had a B / A of 1 / 20 or more, indicating that a large amount of microorganisms had diffused into the organic fertilizer within the microbial coating layer. In contrast, the microbially coated organic fertilizer of Comparative Example 1 had a B / A of 0.000052, indicating that almost no microbial diffusion occurred, and that most of the microorganisms were present within the microbial coating layer.

[0127] Experimental Example 3: Evaluation of Room Temperature Storage Stability of Microbial-Coated Organic Fertilizers

[0128] The microbial-coated organic fertilizers of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were stored at room temperature (25°C) and the microbial content was measured over 150 days. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0129] Comparison of days 1 Comparison of days 20 days 1.08×10 8cfu / ml1.10×10 8 cfu / ml30 days9.52×10 7 cfu / ml1.09×10 8 cfu / ml60 days8.13×10 7 cfu / ml1.08×10 8 cfu / ml90 days6.83×10 7 cfu / ml1.09×10 8 cfu / ml120 days5.57×10 7 cfu / ml1.07×10 8 cfu / ml150 days 4.35×10 7 cfu / ml1.07×10 8 cfu / ml

[0130] Referring to Table 3, it can be confirmed that the microbially coated organic fertilizer of Example 1 has excellent room temperature storage stability, with a microbial content of over 95% of the initial microbial content after 150 days of storage at room temperature. In contrast, the microbially coated organic fertilizer of Comparative Example 1 showed a microbial content of approximately 40% of the initial microbial content after 150 days of storage at room temperature, reaching a level where additional microbial input was required during fertilization.

[0131] The description of this specification above is provided for illustrative purposes only, and those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that aspects of this specification can be readily modified into other specific forms without altering the technical concepts or essential features described herein. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood as illustrative in all respects and not restrictive.

[0132] The scope of this specification is indicated by the claims set forth below, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalent concepts should be interpreted as being included within the scope of this specification.

[0133] [Explanation of symbols]

[0134] 1: Organic fertilizer 2: Microbial-coated organic fertilizer

[0135] 100: Fertilizer processing unit 110: Cylindrical rotating housing

[0136] 111: Processing space 112: Rotating roller

[0137] 120: Mixing wing section 130: Coating solution supply section

[0138] 131: Coating liquid tank 132: Spray nozzle

[0139] 133: Metering pump 134: Connecting pipe

[0140] 140: Hot air supply unit 150: Operating control unit

Claims

1. A microbial-coated organic fertilizer comprising an organic fertilizer and a microbial coating layer covering more than 90% of the surface of the organic fertilizer, The maximum thickness of the above microbial coating layer is 25% or less of the thickness of the above microbial coated organic fertilizer, A microbial-coated organic fertilizer, wherein the content of microorganisms contained in the organic fertilizer is at least 1 / 20 of the content of microorganisms contained in the microbial-coated organic fertilizer.

2. In paragraph 1, The above organic fertilizer is a microbially coated organic fertilizer comprising at least one of castor bean meal; rice meal; and rapeseed oil meal, palm oil meal, and processed chicken manure.

3. In paragraph 2, The organic fertilizer is a microbial-coated organic fertilizer comprising 10 to 95 wt% of castor bean meal; 1 to 50 wt% of rice meal; and 4 to 80 wt% of at least one of rapeseed oil meal, palm oil meal, and processed chicken manure.

4. In paragraph 1, A microbial-coated organic fertilizer, wherein the microorganism is at least one selected from the group consisting of Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Saccharomyces, Pseudomonas, Aspergillus, Rhodotorula, Streptomyces and Thermoascus.

5. In paragraph 1, The above organic fertilizer is a microbial-coated organic fertilizer in the form of pellets or granules. 6.(a) Step of mixing and crushing organic raw materials; (b) a step of manufacturing an organic fertilizer by forming the mixture of (a) into a pellet or granule form; (c) a step of injecting the organic fertilizer into a cylindrical rotating housing that has a shape inclined so as to form a downward slope from the inlet to the outlet and rotates at a predetermined speed by externally provided power; and (d) a step of forming and drying a microbial coating layer covering more than 90% of the surface of the organic fertilizer by spraying a microbial culture solution while supplying hot air inside the cylindrical rotating housing; A method for producing a microbially coated organic fertilizer, comprising:

7. In paragraph 6, A method for producing a microbially coated organic fertilizer, wherein the moisture content of the organic fertilizer injected into the cylindrical rotating housing in the above step (c) is 16 to 24%.

8. In paragraph 6, A method for producing a microbial-coated organic fertilizer, wherein in the step (d), the microbial culture solution is sprayed by a spray nozzle having a plurality of spray holes formed therein, and the length of the spray nozzle is less than 1 / 3 of the length of the cylindrical rotating housing.

9. In paragraph 6, A method for manufacturing a microbially coated organic fertilizer, wherein the temperature of the hot air supplied in the above step (d) is 35 to 80°C.

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