Heat exchanger

Abstract

A heat exchanger (1), comprising: - a housing (2) which has at least one housing segment (7) with a circumferential segment casing (8), a segment inlet (9) and a segment outlet (10) for a first fluid (Fl) being provided on the segment casing (8), - at least one fluid pipe (3) which is arranged in an interior (11) of the housing (2) and has a pipe inlet (12) and a pipe outlet (13) for a second fluid (F2), and - two head parts (5, 5a, 5b) which are arranged on the end sides of the housing (2) and of which a first head part (5a) has a head inlet (14) connected to the pipe inlet (12) and the first head part (5a) or a second head part (5b) has a head outlet (15) connected to the pipe outlet (13), wherein - the at least one housing segment (7) has a cladding pipe (22) arranged around the fluid pipe (3) and two connection parts (25, 26) arranged around the fluid pipe (3) on the end sides (23, 24) of the cladding pipe (22), one of which connection parts has the segment inlet (9) and the other of which connection parts has the segment outlet (10), and - all connection parts (25, 26) and all cladding pipes (22) are preloaded towards each other via at least one clamping device (27).

Description

[0001] Heat exchanger

[0002] The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular a shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising:

[0003] - a housing with a circumferential housing shell, which housing has at least one housing segment with a circumferential segment shell, wherein a segment inlet and a segment outlet for a first fluid are provided on the segment shell,

[0004] - at least one fluid tube arranged in an interior of the housing surrounded by the housing shell, which has a tube inlet and a tube outlet for a second fluid, and

[0005] - two head parts arranged on opposite end faces of the housing, of which a first head part has a head inlet connected to the pipe inlet and the first head part or a second head part has a head outlet connected to the pipe outlet.

[0006] Heat exchangers with a housing containing a fluid tube or a bundle of fluid tubes are known. For heat exchange between a first and a second fluid, the first fluid is introduced into the interior of the housing, outside the fluid tube, and the second fluid is passed through the fluid tube. Heat exchangers with a tubular housing containing a bundle of fluid tubes are called shell-and-tube heat exchangers or "shell tube" heat exchangers.

[0007] The known tubular heat exchangers generally have a flange at each end face with through-flow openings in fluid communication with the fluid tubes. The flanges are often welded to the tubular shell of the heat exchanger to prevent leakage of the first fluid, which unfortunately makes cleaning the heat exchanger more difficult. Heat exchangers with flanges bolted to the end faces are also known. The heat exchangers are manufactured in various sizes to suit the specific application. Minor modifications to the heat exchangers are therefore only feasible with relatively high costs.

[0008] The object of the invention is to create a heat exchanger, in particular a shell and tube heat exchanger, of the type mentioned above, which avoids or at least reduces the disadvantages known from the prior art. The heat exchanger should be as simple and cost-effective to manufacture as possible and should also be environmentally friendly to dispose of. Furthermore, the heat exchanger should be easy to maintain and repair. In addition, the heat exchanger should be quickly adaptable to specific requirements and the available installation space.

[0009] For this purpose, the invention provides a heat exchanger as defined in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments are specified in the dependent claims.

[0010] According to the invention, it is provided that

[0011] - the at least one housing segment arranged between the head parts has a sheathing tube arranged around the fluid tube and two connection parts arranged around the fluid tube on two opposite end faces of the sheathing tube, one of the connection parts having the segment inlet and the other of the connection parts having the segment outlet, and

[0012] - all connecting parts and all sheathing tubes are clamped towards each other by at least one clamping device.

[0013] The heat exchanger, particularly a tubular heat exchanger, serves to exchange heat between two fluids, for example, liquids. One of the two liquids can be oil circulated through a part of a machine. The heat exchanger has a housing with a circumferential shell, in particular a tubular shell. The shape of the shell can deviate from a cylindrical shape. The shell is open at both ends. The housing has at least one segment with a circumferential segment shell, the segment shell having a segment inlet and a segment outlet for a first fluid. The housing segment can thus be a longitudinal section of the housing or form the housing itself. The heat exchanger also has at least one fluid tube, which is arranged in an interior space of the housing surrounded by the shell.The first fluid can be introduced into the interior of the housing, specifically the interior of the housing surrounding the fluid tube, via the segment inlet of the segment shell. Furthermore, the first fluid can be discharged from the interior of the housing, specifically the interior of the housing surrounding the fluid tube, via the segment outlet of the segment shell. The fluid tube has a tube inlet and a tube outlet for a second fluid. If the at least one fluid tube is multiple fluid tubes, particularly a bundle of fluid tubes, the tube heat exchanger can be called a tube bundle heat exchanger. The heat exchanger also has two head sections arranged on opposite end faces of the housing, of which a first head section has a head inlet connected to the tube inlet, and the first head section or a second head section has a head outlet connected to the tube outlet.The end pieces thus seal the housing on both sides, in particular the interior for the first fluid, with the end inlet and / or outlet being through-openings in the end piece. This allows the second fluid to be introduced into and then discharged from the fluid tube through the end pieces, while the first fluid is prevented from escaping the interior of the housing by the end pieces. The end pieces are therefore closure caps, preferably with a hexagonal cross-section, which facilitates their assembly. The end pieces are preferably detachably connected to the housing arranged between them, in particular to the at least one housing segment arranged between the end pieces.

[0014] To enable a flexible and modular design of the heat exchanger, at least one housing segment located between the end sections features a sheathing tube arranged around the fluid tube and two connection parts arranged around the fluid tube at opposite ends of the sheathing tube. One of the connection parts forms the segment inlet and the other the segment outlet. Thus, the sheathing tube and the connection parts surround at least a portion of the fluid tube. The outer walls of the connection parts and the sheathing tube, possibly with additional components such as gaskets inserted between them, form the segment shell, and in the case of a single segment, the housing shell. The sheathing tube can be manufactured using a continuous casting process and can be designed as a profile tube.The flexible and modular design of the heat exchanger is achieved by clamping all connection parts and all casing tubes together using at least one clamping device. This clamping creates a fluid-tight connection between all components forming the housing. Preferably, the clamping device is designed for a detachable connection between the connection parts and the at least one casing tube, allowing for non-destructive separation of the connection parts and the casing tube. For the purposes of this description, a fluid-tight connection is defined as one that prevents unwanted fluid leakage during operation of the heat exchanger.

[0015] The modular design simplifies the production of heat exchangers with different shapes. This eliminates the need to design a completely new heat exchanger for each different length; instead, individual, identically designed components, such as the connection fittings, can be used for heat exchangers of varying lengths. The different lengths of the heat exchangers can be achieved using different lengths of outer tubes, which are connected to the connection fittings and can be manufactured much faster and more cost-effectively compared to a completely new heat exchanger. The modular design also allows for the easy replacement of damaged components.While in conventional heat exchangers a defective segment inlet or outlet cannot be replaced due to its one-piece design with the rest of the housing, but can at best be repaired at considerable expense, in the heat exchanger according to the present invention the connection part containing the defective segment inlet or outlet can be easily replaced. The modular design also allows the outer tubes to be connected to connection parts with differently designed segment inlets or outlets. Because of the modular design, at least the outer tube and the connection parts can be disposed of or reused separately. Maintenance of the heat exchanger, especially the fluid tube, is also simplified by the modular design.

[0016] When the description refers to locations and directions such as "top," "bottom," "front," "back," or "side," these refer to the intended operating state of the heat exchanger. The term "vertical" means in the direction of gravity, from "top" to "bottom," or vice versa. If the heat exchanger is to be used in a different position, the location and direction specifications must be adjusted accordingly.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the clamping device can have a longitudinal body, preferably a rod, with a thread at at least one of its ends, preferably at both ends. The thread can, for example, be an external thread. The longitudinal body can, for example, have a thread extending along its entire length and thus be designed as a threaded rod. The clamping device can further comprise at least one fastening element with a complementary thread, in particular an internal thread, engaging in the thread of the longitudinal body. For example, the fastening element is a nut. By rotating the fastening element, the connecting parts and the at least one sheathing tube can be drawn against each other.

[0018] The heat exchanger can be designed particularly simply if the clamping device is located outside of at least one of the outer tubes. This eliminates the need for a mounting device for the clamping device inside the outer tube.

[0019] A particularly reliable clamping of the connecting parts to the at least one sheathing tube is achieved if all connecting parts have at least one through-opening and the clamping device is passed through the through-opening in each of the connecting parts. For this purpose, the through-openings of the multiple connecting parts are aligned along a straight line. If each of the connecting parts has multiple through-openings...

[0020] A clamping device can pass through exactly one of the connecting parts, which has, for example, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 through-openings, arranged in a straight line. Alternatively, the clamping device can be designed to pass through at least two groups of connecting part through-openings, each arranged in a straight line. In this case, the clamping device has at least two longitudinal bodies, preferably parallel rods, which have a thread at one end or at both ends.

[0021] For a simpler heat exchanger design, it can further be provided that at least one of the head sections is clamped against the nearest connection section via the clamping device. In this way, a separate screw connection between the head section and the nearest connection section can be omitted.

[0022] It is particularly advantageous if at least one of the head sections has a through-opening and the clamping device is passed through this opening. In this way, the clamping device clamps the connecting parts, the at least one sheathing tube, and the at least one head section together.

[0023] It is further advantageous if the connection parts have a round, particularly circular, inner surface and a polygonal outer surface in a cross-section of the housing, and at least one through-opening for the connection part is arranged between a corner of the outer surface and the inner surface. The round inner surface allows for a precise fit of an end section of the casing tube. The polygonal outer surface of the connection parts can have 3, 4, 5, 6, or more corners in cross-section. Preferably, the outer surface is designed as a uniform polygon in cross-section. Between the edges of the connection parts that coincide with the corners, preferably flat and therefore stable bearing surfaces are provided, allowing the heat exchanger to rest stably on a base. Due to the polygonal outer surface, the heat exchanger can be stably positioned in several positions rotated around a longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger, as required.The at least one through-opening of the connecting part can be provided in radially projecting protrusions on the connecting parts. However, for a particularly simple and cost-effective design, it is preferred that the at least one through-opening of the connecting part be arranged between an existing corner of the outer surface and the inner surface.

[0024] If at least one connecting part has at least one mounting rail, in particular at least one undercut groove, additional components can be mounted on the housing by engaging the mounting rail. In the case of the undercut groove, the additional components can be reliably positioned by sliding them into the groove and secured with a locking element, for example, a screw. For example, the undercut groove has a T-shape in cross-section.

[0025] For a reliable and rapid connection to the segment inlet or segment outlet, the at least one connecting part can be provided with two mounting rails, in particular two undercut grooves, between which the segment inlet or segment outlet is arranged. This allows an additional component to be positioned particularly stably above the segment inlet or segment outlet by sliding it into the two mounting rails, in particular grooves.

[0026] If a connecting body with at least one fluid channel is inserted into at least one mounting rail, and this fluid channel is connected to the segment inlet and / or the segment outlet, the connecting body can serve as an adapter between the segment inlet or segment outlet and a differently shaped connecting line. The fluid channel is arranged in line with, i.e., in a flow path, the segment inlet or segment outlet. For example, the segment inlet and the segment outlet are designed as through-openings without threads, while the connecting body, which can be connected to or is connected to them, has a thread for connecting the connecting line. Furthermore, several differently designed connecting bodies can be provided for use in the same mounting rail. In particular, a set of connecting bodies can be provided.The connecting body, in particular the fluid channel, is fluid-tightly connected to the segment inlet and / or the segment outlet when the connecting body is in place. A seal may be provided between the connection part and the connecting body for this purpose. The connecting body may include a fluid pump, optionally with a control unit for the fluid pump and / or a control unit for an external fluid pump, to pump the initial fluid through the housing segment.

[0027] According to a particular embodiment, the housing may have at least two housing segments arranged one behind the other, which are clamped towards each other by the clamping device. Thus, the heat exchanger, and in particular the shape of the housing, can be adapted to the respective application of the heat exchanger by assembling several housing segments. If the housing is composed of several housing segments, the housing shell is also composed of the segment shells of the several housing segments. Additional components may be accommodated between adjacent housing segments. Therefore, the connecting parts of adjacent housing segments can be connected directly or via an intermediate layer when assembling housing segments. The fluid tube can extend through several, for example, all, of the housing segments.The housing segments, arranged one behind the other and each featuring a segment inlet and a segment outlet for the first fluid, can be supplied with the same first fluid or with different first fluids. Thus, the heat exchanger can be operated with different first fluids and a second fluid.

[0028] Furthermore, the connecting body can be inserted into the mounting rails of two adjacent connection parts of two housing segments arranged one behind the other. Compared to a separate connecting body for each connection part, the connecting body common to the adjacent connection parts can have a fluid pump and / or control unit for the first fluid that is common to both housing segments. Thus, two series or parallel fluid circuits, one per housing segment, can be maintained with the common connecting body. If the connecting body has two fluid channels that are separate from each other, the first fluid channel can be in fluid communication with one of the two adjacent connection parts, and the second fluid channel can be in fluid communication with the other of the two adjacent connection parts.Thus, the first fluids in the two housing segments remain separated from each other, for example by a fluid-tight partition in the connecting body.

[0029] If, on the other hand, the connecting body has a fluid channel which connects the segment outlet of one of the housing segments to the segment inlet of the adjacent housing segment, the first fluid can be guided via the one fluid channel from one of the two adjacent housing segments to the other of the two adjacent housing segments.

[0030] According to another embodiment, at least two housing segments can be made of different materials. This can be advantageous when different primary fluids are introduced into the housing segments, since different fluids react differently with the materials of the housing segments. For example, seawater can be introduced into one of the housing segments and a chemical coolant into another.

[0031] The invention will be further explained below with reference to preferred, non-limiting embodiments and the drawings. The drawings show:

[0032] Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to the invention with a single housing segment looking towards a pipe inlet and a pipe outlet for a second fluid;

[0033] Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the heat exchanger from Fig. 1 from the opposite viewing direction;

[0034] Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through the heat exchanger from Fig. 1; Fig. 4 shows an exploded view of the components of the heat exchanger from Fig. 1;

[0035] Fig. 5 shows an enlarged view of a connection part of the heat exchanger from Fig. 1:

[0036] Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to the invention with two housing segments, in an unassembled state;

[0037] Fig. 7 shows the heat exchanger from Fig. 6 in an assembled state;

[0038] Fig. 8 shows a heat exchanger with two housing segments, which has a connecting body with two separate fluid channels;

[0039] Fig. 9 shows a heat exchanger with two housing segments, which has a connecting body with a fluid channel, which connects the segment outlet of one of the housing segments to the segment inlet of the adjacent housing segment;

[0040] Fig. 10 shows a section through a bundle of fluid tubes of the heat exchanger from Fig. 1; and

[0041] Fig. 11 shows a fluid tube with a guide element.

[0042] It should be noted that figures 1 to 11 are not necessarily shown to scale.

[0043] Figures 1 to 4 show a heat exchanger 1, in particular a shell and tube heat exchanger, with a multi-part housing 2, at least one fluid tube 3 (see Figures 3 and 4, in particular a bundle 4 of fluid tubes 3), and two end sections 5. The heat exchanger 1 has a longitudinal direction L and a radial direction R (see, for example, Figure 3). The housing 2 has a circumferential, multi-part housing shell 6 and at least one multi-part housing segment 7 (in Figures 1 to 4, a single multi-part housing segment 7). Thus, in Figures 1 to 4, the housing 2 is formed from a single housing segment 7. The housing segment 7 has a multi-part circumferential segment shell 8, which in Figures 1 to 4 is also the housing shell 6. A segment inlet 9 for an inlet of a first fluid Fl and a segment outlet 10 for an outlet of the first fluid Fl are provided on or in the segment shell 8.The segment inlet 9 and the segment outlet 10 are essentially designed as through-openings. This includes at least one fluid tube 3, in particular the bundle 4 of fluid tubes.

[0044] 3 is arranged in an interior space 11 of the housing 2, which is surrounded by the housing shell 6, and has a pipe inlet 12 for an inlet of a second fluid F2 and a pipe outlet 13 for an outlet of the second fluid F2. The two head sections 5 are arranged on opposite end faces of the housing 2. The first head section 5a has a head inlet 14 connected to the pipe inlet 12. Furthermore, either the first head section 5a or the second head section 5b has a head outlet 15 connected to the pipe outlet 13. In the illustrated examples, the head inlet 14 and the head outlet 15 are provided in the first head section 5a, which is located at a first end 16 of the bundle.

[0045] 4, optionally with an interposed seal (not shown). In the illustrated examples, the second head part 5b rests, optionally with an interposed seal (not shown), at a second end 17 of the bundle 4, which second end 17 faces away from the head inlet 14 and head outlet 15. The second head part 5b seals the second end 17 against the first fluid Fl and directs the flow direction of the second fluid F2 coming from the head inlet 14 back to the head outlet 15. For this purpose, a cavity 18 remains between the fluid tubes 3 and the second head part 5b. To separate the fluid connection of the head inlet 14 with the tube inlet 12 from the fluid connection of the tube outlet 13 with the head outlet 15, the first head part 5a preferably has two chambers 19, 20, which are separated from each other by a web 21.The first chamber 19 forms the fluid connection of the head inlet 14 with the pipe inlet 12 and the second chamber 20 forms the fluid connection of the pipe outlet 13 with the head outlet 15 .

[0046] The housing segment 7, arranged between the head sections 5, 5a, 5b, has a sheathing tube 22 arranged around the fluid tube 3 and two connection parts 25, 26 arranged around the fluid tube 3 on two opposite end faces 23, 24 of the sheathing tube 22. One, the first connection part 25 has the segment inlet 9 and the other, the second connection part 26 has the segment outlet 10. In addition, at least one clamping device 27 is provided, by which all connection parts 25, 26 (in the example according to Figures 1 to 4, the only connection parts 25, 26) and all sheathing tubes 22 (in the example according to Figures 1 to 4, the only sheathing tube 22) are clamped towards each other in the assembled state of use and are thus fluid-tightly connected to each other. In the examples shown, the clamping device 27 is designed to be detachable.

[0047] The heat exchanger 1 can thus be modularly constructed from a housing 2, at least one fluid tube 3 surrounded by the housing 2, and two end pieces 5 terminating the housing 2. The housing 2 can be formed from interconnected housing segments 7. The housing segments 7 can be formed from interconnected connection parts 25, 26 and sheathing tubes 22. These components are connected by means of the clamping device 27. By releasing the clamping device 27, the components can be separated from each other again without damage.

[0048] As can be seen particularly in Fig. 4, the clamping device 27 can have a longitudinal body 28, preferably a rod 28a, with two ends 29. In the illustrated examples, the clamping device 27 has several longitudinal bodies 28. At at least one of its ends 29, preferably at both ends 29, the longitudinal body 28 can have a thread 30, preferably an external thread, which is not explicitly shown in Fig. 4. At least one fastening element 31 of the clamping device 27, for example a nut with a complementary thread, in particular an internal thread, can engage in the thread 30 of the longitudinal body 28.

[0049] Figures 1, 2, and 6 to 9 show that the clamping device 27 is arranged outside the at least one sheathing tube 22. Figures 1, 2, and 4 to 9 further show that all connecting parts 25, 26 have at least one through-opening 32, of which only some are labeled in the figures. The clamping device 27 passes through the at least one through-opening 32 in each of the connecting parts 25, 26. In the figures shown, each of the connecting parts 25, 26 has several, in particular six, through-openings 32. The longitudinal bodies 28 of the clamping device 27 are guided through the through-openings 32 of the connecting parts 25, 26, which are arranged in a line.

[0050] Figures 1 to 4 and 6 to 9 further show that at least one of the head parts 5, in particular both head parts 5a, 5b, is / are clamped against the nearest connecting part 25, 26 by the clamping device 27. Specifically, head part 5a is clamped against the nearest connecting part 25 and head part 5b against the nearest connecting part 26. For this purpose, at least one of the head parts 5 has at least one head part through-opening 33. In the illustrated example, both head parts 5a, 5b each have six head part through-openings 33. The clamping device 27, in particular the longitudinal bodies 28, is guided through the head part through-openings 33. For this purpose, in the illustrated example, the connecting part through-openings 32 and the head part through-openings 33 are arranged in a line.

[0051] Fig. 5 shows an example of a connection part 25, 26 with eight connection part through-openings 32 in an enlarged view. It is also clearly recognizable that the connection parts 25, 26 have a round, in particular circular, inner surface 34 and a polygonal outer surface 35 in a cross-section of the housing 2. The cross-section of the housing 2 is formed by a section plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L. Thus, the connection parts 25, 26 are essentially ring-shaped. The outer surface 35 has corners 36 and edges 37 connecting each pair of corners 36 and extending in the longitudinal direction L. At least one connection part through-opening 32, in the example according to Fig. 5 all connection part through-openings 32, is / are arranged between a corner 36 of the outer surface 35 and the inner surface 34.Within the inner surface 34, in the assembled state of the heat exchanger 1, the bundle 4 of fluid tubes 3 and, if applicable, also an end face 23, 24 of the casing tube 22 are accommodated.

[0052] The connecting part 25, 26 shown in Fig. 5 has at least one receiving rail 38, in particular at least one undercut groove 39. The groove 39 can have a T-shape in cross-section. In particular, in the example according to Fig. 5, the at least one connecting part 25, 26 has two receiving rails 38, in particular two undercut grooves 39, between which the segment inlet 9 or the segment outlet 10 is arranged.

[0053] The exemplary figures 7 to 9 show that a connecting body 40 with at least one fluid channel 41 is inserted into the at least one receiving rail 38, wherein the fluid channel 41 is connected to the segment inlet 9 and / or the segment outlet 10.

[0054] Figures 6 to 9 show embodiments of a heat exchanger 1 with two housing segments 7. In the example according to Fig. 6, the housing segments 7 and a connecting body 40 are not yet connected to each other. It can be seen that in the examples according to Figs. 7 to 9, the housing 2 has at least two, in particular exactly two, housing segments 7 arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction L, which are clamped towards each other by the clamping device 27. The connecting body 40 is inserted into the receiving rails 38 of two adjacent connecting parts 25, 26 of the two housing segments 7 arranged one behind the other.

[0055] In the example shown in Fig. 8, the connecting body 40 has two fluid channels 41, which are separated from each other, for example, by a partition wall (not explicitly shown). Thus, a first fluid Fl, Fla can be introduced into and then discharged separately from each housing segment 7. The first fluids Fl, Fla can be the same fluid, the same fluids, or different fluids.

[0056] In the example according to Fig. 9, however, the connecting body 40 has a fluid channel 41, which is only indicated, connecting the segment outlet 10 of one of the housing segments 7 with the segment inlet 9 of the adjacent housing segment 7.

[0057] The housing segments 7 can be made of different materials.

[0058] Figures 3 and 4 also show an intermediate wall 42 in the interior 11 of the housing 2, which defines the flow path of the first fluid Fl. The flow path of the first fluid Fl is indicated by arrows in Figure 3. The intermediate wall 42 is preferably arranged in the center of the bundle 4 of fluid tubes 3 in the longitudinal direction L, with its main plane of extension running perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L. In particular, the intermediate wall 42 can have a circular circumferential section 43 with which it abuts the inner surface of the casing tube 22, and a circumferential segment 44 which is spaced apart from the inner surface of the casing tube 22. The first fluid Fl can flow between the circumferential segment 44 and the inner surface of the casing tube 22. The intermediate wall 42 can be designed as a circular segment.

[0059] Fig. 10 shows a cross-section, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L, through an exemplary bundle 4 of fluid tubes 3. Several rows 45 of fluid tubes 3 are visible, each for the passage of the second fluid F2. Each of the rows 45 runs vertically in Fig. 10. A flow channel 46 for the first fluid Fl is formed between adjacent rows 45 of fluid tubes 3. Guide elements 47 extend in the rows 45, between the outer surfaces of adjacent fluid tubes 3, to guide the first fluid Fl along the flow channel 46. In the illustrated example, the guide elements 47 have a plate section 48 whose wall thickness is less than the largest cross-sectional dimension of the fluid tubes 3. The relative position of adjacent guide elements 47 with respect to each other can be adjusted by means of adjustment devices. The principal extension directions of two adjacent guide elements 47 close in the section plane of the Fig. in the example shown.10 an angle deviating from 180°. In particular, the guide elements 47 can form a substantially wavy or a substantially zigzag-shaped course of the flow channel 46 in the section plane. Fig. 11 shows an example of a fluid tube 3 with cooling elements 49 on the outside. The cooling elements 49 can be cooling plates, in particular cooling discs. Two longitudinal slots 50 are formed in the cooling elements 49, in which two guide elements 47 can be received. In Fig. 11, the guide elements 47 are not yet inserted into the longitudinal slots 50.

Claims

Patent claims:

1. Heat exchanger (1) , in particular shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising: - a housing (2) with a circumferential housing shell (6) , which housing (2) has at least one housing segment (7) with a circumferential segment shell (8), wherein a segment inlet (9) and a segment outlet (10) for a first fluid (Fl) is provided on the segment shell (8), - at least one fluid tube (3) arranged in an interior space (11) of the housing (2) surrounded by the housing shell (6), which has a tube inlet (12) and a tube outlet (13) for a second fluid (F2), and - two head parts (5, 5a, 5b) arranged on opposite end faces of the housing (2), of which a first head part (5a) has a head inlet (14) connected to the pipe inlet (12) and the first head part (5a) or a second head part (5b) has a head outlet (15) connected to the pipe outlet (13), characterized in that - the housing segment (7) arranged between the head parts (5) has a sheathing tube (22) arranged around the fluid tube (3) and two connection parts (25, 26) arranged around the fluid tube (3) on two opposite end faces (23, 24) of the sheathing tube (22), wherein one of the connection parts (25) has the segment inlet (9) and the other of the connection parts (26) has the segment outlet (10), and - all connecting parts (25, 26) and all sheathing tubes (22) are clamped towards each other by at least one clamping device (27).

2. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping device (27) has a longitudinal body (28) , preferably a rod (28a) , with a thread (30) at at least one of its ends (29) , preferably at both ends (29) .

3. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the clamping device (27) is arranged outside the at least one sheathing tube (22).

4. Heat exchanger (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that all connection parts (25, 26) have at least one connection part through-opening (32) and the clamping device (27) is passed through the connection part through-opening (32) in each of the connection parts (25, 26).

5. Heat exchanger (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one of the head parts (5) is clamped against the nearest connection part (25, 26) via the clamping device (27).

6. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one of the head parts (5) has at least one head part through-opening (33) and the clamping device (27) is passed through the head part through-opening (33).

7. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the connection parts (25, 26) in a cross-section of the housing (2) have a round, in particular circular, inner surface (34) and a polygonal outer surface (35) and at least one connection part through-opening (32) is arranged between a corner (36) of the outer surface (35) and the inner surface (34).

8. Heat exchanger (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one connection part (25, 26) has at least one receiving rail (38), in particular at least one undercut groove (39).

9. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the at least one connection part (25, 26) has two receiving rails (38), in particular two undercut grooves (39), between which the segment inlet (9) or the segment outlet (10) is arranged.

10. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that a connecting body (40) with at least one fluid channel (41) is inserted into the at least one receiving rail (38), which fluid channel (41) is connected to the segment inlet (9) and / or is connected to the segment outlet (10).

11. Heat exchanger (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the housing (2) has at least two housing segments (7) arranged one behind the other, which are clamped towards each other by means of the clamping device (27).

12. Heat exchanger (1) according to claims 10 and 11, characterized in that the connecting body (40) is inserted into the receiving rails (38) of two adjacent connection parts (25, 26) of two housing segments (7) arranged one behind the other.

13. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 10 or 12, characterized in that the connecting body (40) has two fluid channels (41) which are separated from each other.

14. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the connecting body (40) has a fluid channel (41) which connects the segment outlet (10) of one of the housing segments (7) to the segment inlet (9) of the adjacent housing segment (7).

15. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that at least two housing segments (7) are made of different materials.

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