Novel sunscreen with bioactives

Abstract

A water-in-oil emulsion with an aqueous and an oil phase, such that the oil phase comprises at least one oil-soluble sunscreen, a functional elastomer, a retinoic acid precursor and a substituted resorcinol.

Description

[0001] NOVEL SUNSCREEN WITH BIOACTIVES

[0002] Field of the invention

[0003] The present application is directed to a novel sunscreen and a method of using the same.

[0004] Background of the invention

[0005] Modern definitions of ideal skin presently include youthful and resilient skin having uniform color distribution and smooth texture throughout. However, skin is exposed to various environmental stresses, such as UV rays, which cause free radicals to form in the skin. Moreover, in addition to sun exposure, human skin is also subject to deterioration through, for example, dermatological conditions, other environmental abuse (wind, air conditioning, pollution, blue light), or chronoaging. Aging individuals increasingly develop facial fine lines, wrinkles, yellowing or sallowness, sagging, hyperpigmentation, age spots and the general signs of aging.

[0006] Sunscreens are widely used to protect skin from sun-damage, sunburn, photo-aging, as well as to decrease the chances of skin cancer development caused by exposure to ultraviolet ("UV") radiation. The degree of UV protection afforded by a composition is directly related to the amount and type of UV filters contained therein, for example, UVA and UVB filters. It is desirable for sunscreen compositions to provide good protection against UV radiation, a measure of which is the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value, a desirable balance between UVA and UVB protection.

[0007] Cosmetic compositions featuring retinoic acid precursors, such as retinol, have become quite prominent in recent years. Retinol, also known as vitamin A, and many of its ester derivatives and retinoid family members including, for instance, retinyl propionate, can be effective in reducing fine lines and wrinkles, smoothing skin, and improving uneven skin tone among other benefits when applied topically.

[0008] Notwithstanding the benefits of retinoids, the inclusion of retinoic acid precursors in cosmetic compositions often results in compositions having difficulties with stability. Likewise, resorcinols, particularly substituted resorcinols, may provide even tone benefits that may be used in topical applications for the skin. However, like retinoids, substituted resorcinols such as alkylresorcinol-containing compositions may also have difficulties with stability.

[0009] Thus, the demand for “anti-aging” or “pre-aging” cosmetic products that address such visible signs has grown greatly. Therefore, the present inventors have recognized a need to develop an emulsion with improved stability that includes a retinoid and a substituted resorcinol that delivers SPF.

[0010] Summary of the Invention

[0011] In a first aspect, a water-in-oil (W / O) emulsion comprising: from 0.5 wt% to 35 wt%, preferably, from 1 wt% to 32 wt%, more preferably, from 5 wt% to 32 wt%, and most preferably, from 10 wt% to 32 wt% of an aqueous phase; and from 64.5 wt% to 99 wt%, preferably, from 68 wt% to 90 wt%, more preferably, from 68 wt% to 88 wt%, and most preferably, from 68 wt% to 85 wt% of an oil phase, comprising at least one oilsoluble sunscreen and functional elastomer, wherein the functional elastomer is at least 55 wt%, preferably, from 55 wt% to 90 wt%, more preferably, from 55 wt% to 85 wt%, and most preferably, from 60 wt% to 75 wt% of the oil phase, wherein the oil phase further comprises a retinoic acid precursor and a substituted resorcinol, and wherein the emulsion comprises from 0.5 wt% to 10 wt%, preferably, from 0.75 wt% to 5 wt%, more preferably, from 0.75 wt% to 2.5 wt% of a nonionic emulsifier, based on the weight of the emulsion, with an HLB value from 3.5 to 12, preferably, from 3.5 to 10, more preferably, from 3.5 to 8.

[0012] In a second aspect, a method of treating the skin with the emulsion as described herein.

[0013] In a third aspect, a use of the emulsion as described herein for protecting the skin from damage caused by ultraviolet radiation.

[0014] All other aspects of the present invention will more readily become apparent from the description and examples which follow. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0015] Except in the examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this description indicating amounts of material or conditions of reaction, physical properties of materials and / or use may optionally be understood as modified by the word “about”.

[0016] All amounts are by weight of any of the emulsions or components thereof, unless otherwise specified. It should be noted that in specifying any ranges of values, any particular upper value can be associated with any particular lower value.

[0017] For the avoidance of doubt, the term "comprising" is meant not to be limiting to any stated elements but rather to encompass non-specified elements of major or minor functional importance. Therefore, the listed steps, elements or options need not be exhaustive. Whenever the words "including" or "having" are used, these terms are meant to be equivalent to "comprising" as defined above.

[0018] The disclosure, as found herein, is to be considered to cover all embodiments as found in the claims as being multiply dependent upon each other irrespective of the fact that claims may be found without multiple dependency or redundancy.

[0019] “Skin”, as used herein, includes skin on the face, neck, chest, back, arms (including underarms), axilla, buttocks, hands, legs and scalp.

[0020] “Skin care benefit”, as used herein, refers to an improvement in a facial or body characteristic after topical application, for example, even skin tone such as skin brightening and / or glow, skin texture such as reduction in wrinkles, fine lines and / or age spots, dry skin, anti-acne or the like. A “skin care benefit agent” can be used to address these skin care benefits.

[0021] “Skin-feel properties”, as used herein, refers to the sensation of applying the emulsion to the skin, such as glides easily across the skin (e.g., highly spreadable), does not feel greasy or tacky but instead a silky feel and is quickly absorbed into the skin.

[0022] Surprisingly and unexpectedly, the W / O emulsions described herein with functional elastomers are stable such that the chemical recovery of the retinoic acid precursor after 4 weeks at 45°C is at least 90%, and the chemical recovery of the substituted resorcinol after 4 weeks at 45°C is at least 95%. Conventional and routine methods known in the art were used to assess chemical recovery, including high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) such as those described in Evans, J.E., McCaffery, P. (2010). HPLC / MSNAnalysis of Retinoids. See Sun, H., Travis, G. (eds) Retinoids. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 652. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https: / / doi.org / 10.1007 / 978-1-60327-325-1_8.

[0023] As used herein, “substantially free of’ refers to having less than 3 wt%, or less than 1 wt%, or less than 0.5 wt%, or less than 0.1 wt%, or less than 0.01 wt% of the compound, by weight of the emulsion, In one aspect, “substantially free of’ refers to having from 0.00001 wt% to 1 .5 wt%, or 0.00001 wt% to 1 wt%, or 0.00001 wt% to 0.5 wt% of the compound, by weight of the emulsion, preferably free of such compound (e.g., 0.0 wt%).

[0024] In one aspect, a water-in-oil emulsion comprising: (a) from 0.5 wt% to 35 wt%, preferably, from 1 wt% to 32 wt%, more preferably, from 5 wt% to 32 wt%, and most preferably, from 10 wt% to 32 wt% of an aqueous phase; and (b) from 64.5 wt% to 99 wt%, preferably, from 68 wt% to 90 wt%, more preferably, from 68 wt% to 88 wt%, and most preferably, from 68 wt% to 85 wt% of an oil phase, comprising at least one oilsoluble sunscreen and a functional elastomer, wherein the functional elastomer is at least 55 wt%, preferably, from 55 wt% to 90 wt%, more preferably, from 55 wt% to 85 wt%, and most preferably, from 60 wt% to 75 wt% of the oil phase, wherein the oil phase further comprises a retinoic acid precursor and a substituted resorcinol, and wherein the emulsion comprises from 0.5 wt% to 10 wt%, preferably, from 0.75 wt% to 5 wt%, more preferably, from 0.75 wt% to 2.5 wt% of a nonionic emulsifier, based on the weight of the emulsion, with an HLB value from 3.5 to 12, preferably, from 3.5 to 10, more preferably, from 3.5 to 8.

[0025] Aqueous Phase

[0026] The W / O emulsions of the present invention comprise from from 0.5 wt% to 35 wt%, preferably, from 1 wt% to 32 wt%, more preferably, from 5 wt% to 32 wt%, and most preferably, from 10 wt% to 32 wt% of an aqueous phase, or a dispersed aqueous phase. In emulsion technology, the term "dispersed phase" means that the phase exists as small particles or droplets suspended in and surrounded by a continuous phase (e.g., oil phase). The dispersed phase is also known as the internal or discontinuous phase. The dispersed aqueous phase is a dispersion of small aqueous particles or droplets (e.g., 1 to 50 microns) suspended in and surrounded by the continuous oil phase described herein. The aqueous phase can be water, and / or a combination of water and one or more water-soluble ingredients. In one aspect, the emulsion comprises from 1 wt% to 27 wt%, preferably, from 5 wt% to 27 wt%, more preferably, from 7 wt% to 25 wt%, and most preferably, from 10 wt% to 25 wt%, and even more preferably from 10 wt% to 20 wt%, and even more preferably, from 10 wt% to 15 wt% of water. Non-limiting examples of such optional water-soluble ingredients include but are not limited to thickeners, acids, bases, salts, chelants, gums, water- soluble sunscreens, water-soluble vitamins, humectants, buffers, and preservatives. In one aspect, water-soluble ingredient in the aqueous phase (other than water) can be from 0.001 wt% to 90 wt%, preferably, from 0.01 wt% to 75 wt%, most preferably, from 0.1 wt% to 50 wt%, based on the weight of the aqueous phase.

[0027] Water-soluble sunscreens are suitable for optional use. Examples of water-soluble sunscreens include terephthalylidene dicamphor sulfonic acid (Ecamsule), phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid (Ensulizole), benzophenone-4, aminobenzoic acid (PABA), 4-Bis(polyethoxy)-para-aminobenzoic acid polyethoxyethyl ester (PEG-25 PABA), camphor benzalkonium methosulfate, disodium phenyl dibenzimidazole tetrasulfonate (Bisdisulizole disodium), and tris-biphenyl triazine. When used, the total amount of water-soluble sunscreens is from 0 wt% to 12 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 12 wt%, or from 0 wt% to 8 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 8 wt%, or from 0.1 wt% to 5 wt%, or from 0.5 wt% to 3 wt% based on the total weight of the emulsion. In one aspect, when used, the weight ratio of oil-soluble sunscreen to water-soluble sunscreen is 30:1 to 1 :20, or 30:1 to 1 :10, or 30:1 to 1 :5, or 30:1 , or 1 :1 , or 30:1 to 2:1 , or 20:1 to 1 :10, or 20:1 or 1 :5, or 20:1 to 2:1 , or 15:1 to 1 :5, or 15:1 to 2:1 , or 12:1 to 2:1 , based on the total weight of the emulsion.

[0028] Oil Phase

[0029] The W / O emulsions of the present invention comprise from from 64.5 wt% to 99 wt%, preferably, from 68 wt% to 90 wt%, more preferably, from 68 wt% to 88 wt%, and most preferably, from 68 wt% to 85 wt% of an oil phase, comprising at least one oil-soluble sunscreen and a functional elastomer. Suitable oil-soluble sunscreens include octyl salicylate, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl 2- hydroxybenzoate (“homosalate”), ethylhexyl salicylate (“octisalate”), 2-ethylhexyl 2- cyano-3,3-diphenylprop-2-enoate (“octocrylene”), or 2-ethylhexyl-4-methoxycinnamate (also known as octyl methoxycinnamate or “OMC”), 4-t-butyl-4’- methoxydibenzoylmethane (“avobenzone”), 2-methyldibenzoylmethane, 4-methyl- dibenzoyl-ethane, 4-isopropyldibenzoyl-methane, 4-tert-butyldibenzoylmethane, 2,4- dimethyldibenzoylmethane, 2,5-dimethyldibenzoylmethane, 4,4’- diisopropyldibenzoylmethane, 2-methyl-5-isopropyl-4’-methoxy-dibenzoylmethane, 2- methyl-5-tert-butyl-4’-methoxy-dibenzoylmethane, 2,4-dimethyl-4’- methoxydibenzoylmethane, 2,6-dimehyl-4-tert-butyl-4’methoxy-dibenzoylmethane, diethylaminohydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate, or methyl anthranilate. Another suitable oil-soluble sunscreen includes Bemotrizinol (BEMT). Additional oil-soluble sunscreens include those commercially available from BASF corporation: Uvinul T-150 (Ethylhexyl triazone; a UV-B sunscreen oil), Uvinul A Plus (Diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate; a UV-A sunscreen oil), Tinosorb S (bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine; a UV-A and UV-B sunscreen oil), Tinosorb M(methylene bisbenzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol; a UV-A and UV-B sunscreen oil), Mexoryl XL, and / or Mexoryl 400. Preferably, the sunscreen is 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (“homosalate”), ethylhexyl salicylate (“octisalate”), 2-ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3- diphenylprop-2-enoate (“octocrylene”), 4-t-butyl-4’-methoxydibenzoylmethane (“avobenzone”), and / or any mixtures of combinations thereof. In one aspect, the total amount of oil-soluble sunscreen is from 1 wt% to 40 wt%, or from 2 wt% to 35 wt%, or from 1 wt% to 30 wt%, or from 3 wt% to 20 wt%, from 5 wt% to 30 wt%, or from 5 wt% to 25 wt%, or from 8 wt% to 30 wt%, or from 10 wt% to 25 wt%, or from 5 wt% to 15 wt%. In one aspect, the oil phase comprises from 15 wt% to 50 wt%, preferably, from 20 wt% to 45 wt%, more preferably, from 25 wt% to 40 wt%, of the oil-soluble sunscreen, based on the weight of the oil phase. Additionally or alternatively, the emulsion comprises from 1 wt% to 40%, preferably, 8 wt% to 30 wt%, most preferably, from 10 wt% to 25 wt% of the at least one oil-soluble sunscreen, based on the total weight of the emulsion.

[0030] In one aspect, the term “elastomer” refers to an "organopolysiloxane elastomer" or "silicone elastomer" is a deformable organopolysiloxane having viscoelastic properties such that this material resists deformation and has a limited capacity for extension and contraction. This material is able to regain its original shape after stretching. Such elastomer may be “non-functional elastomers” or “functional elastomers”. The emulsion comprises at least one functional elastomer and, optionally, a non-functional elastomer. In one aspect, the oil phase comprises at least 55 wt%, preferably, from 55 wt% to 90 wt%, more preferably, from 55 wt% to 85 wt%, and most preferably, from 60 wt% to 75 wt% of the functional elastomer, such that at least 50%, preferably, from 50 wt% to 100%, or from 50 wt% to 95%, or from 50 wt% to 75 wt%, or from 50 wt% to 65 wt%, or 50 wt% or 60 wt%, more preferably, from 60 wt% to 100 wt%, or from 60 wt% to 95 wt%, more preferably, from 70 wt% to 100 wt%, or from 70 wt% to 95 wt%, or from 70 wt% to 90 wt%, of the total amount of the elastomer is a functional elastomer. In one aspect, the emulsion comprises from 42 wt% to 70 wt%, preferably from 42 wt% to 65 wt%, more preferably, from 45 wt% to 65 wt% of a functional elastomer, based on the total weight of the emulsion. In one aspect, the weight ratio of functional elastomer to non-functional elastomer is from 5:1 to 2:1 , preferably, from 4:1 to 2:1 , and more preferably from 3:1 to 2:1. In one aspect, the emulsion is substantially free of non-functional elastomers.

[0031] The term “functional elastomers” contain at least one hydrophilic chain. Preferably, functional elastomers used herein have a structure of A-B-A, where polymers (“A”) are connected by crosslinkers (“B”), as defined below: wherein x is from 15 to 40, preferably, from 15 to 30, more preferably, from 15 to 25, most preferably, x is 20; and wherein y and z are each are from 0 to 500, or from 0 to 250, or from 0 to 100, or from 0 to 50, from 1 to 500, or from 1 to 250, or from 1 to 100, or from 1 to 50. In one aspect, the combination of y and z total from 0 to 1000, or from 0 to 500, or from 0 to 250, or from 0 to 100, or from 1 to 1000, or from 1 to 500, or from 1 to 250, or from 1 to 100. For avoidance of doubt, and illustrative examples of such functional elastomer is shown below as Structure (I): Structure (I).

[0032] Preferably, functional elastomers are Isohexadecane (and) Dimethicone / Bis-lsobutyl PPG 20 Crosspolymer, Isododecane (and) Dimethicone / Bis-lsobutyl PPG-20 Crosspolymer, and Isodecyl Neopentanoate (and) Dimethicone / Bis Isobutyl PPG-20 Crosspolymer. Non-limiting examples of functional elastomers include elastomer sold under the name "DOWSIL, EL-8050" (Isododecane and Dimethicone / Bis-lsobutyl PPG- 20 Crosspolymer), "DOWSIL, EL-8052" (Isohexadecane and Dimethicone / Bis- lsobutyl PPG- 20 Crosspolymer) and "DOWSIL, EL-8051" by the Dow Chemical Company.

[0033] The term "non-functional elastomers" defines organopolysiloxane elastomers not containing any hydrophilic chain, and, in particular, not containing polyoxyalkylene units (in particular polyoxyethylene or polyoxypropylene), or polyglyceryl units, such that the viscosity is at least 25,000 mPa s, preferably, from 25,000 to 120,000 mPa s, more preferably, from 27,000 to 120,000 mPa s, and most preferably, from 30,000 to 100,000 mPa s, with viscosity measured with a Discovery HR-2 Rheometer using sand blasted plates with a 1000-micron gap and a shear rate of 10 s-1 . at 25°C. Preferably, non-functional elastomers are partially crosslinked organopolysiloxane polymers such as (dimethicone I phenyl vinyl dimethicone) crosspolymer, (dimethicone I vinyl dimethicone) crosspolymer, and / or dimethicone cross polymer Non-limiting examples of non-functional elastomers include DOWSIL Silicone Elastomer Blend such as those conveyed in a non-volatile oil sold under the name "DOWSIL, 9041" (dimethicone and dimethicone crosspolymer) and "DOWSIL, EL-9241 DM" by the Dow Chemical Company, as well as those carried in a volatile oil sold under the name "DOWSIL EL- 8040 ID", "DOWSIL EL-9140 DM", "DOWSIL EL-9240 DM", "DOWSIL EL-9048", "DOWSIL EL-9048", DOWSIL 9040", "DOWSIL 9045" (Cyclopentasiloxane (and) Dimethicone Crosspolymer), "DOWSIL EB-9586", "DOWSIL 9546" by the Dow Chemical Company. Other non-functional elastomers are sold under the names, "KSG-15", "KSG-1510", "USG-1G3", "USG-106", "KSG-16", "KSG-1610", "KSG-18A “,“KSG-19”, “KSG-016F”, KSG-41 A”, “KSG-42 A”, “KSG-43”, “KSG-44” “KSG-042Z” “SG-045Z”, ”KSG Q48Z" by the company Shin Etsu. Other non-functional elastomers are sold under the names “Gransil DM-10", "Gransil DMAM", "Gransil DMG-20" , "Gransil DMG-6", "Gransil PM", "Gransil OHS-5", "Gransil PS-5", "Gl CD-10", "Gl CD- 11", Gransil DMG-3", "Gransil GCM- 5", "Gransil GTS", "Gransil GVL", "Gransil GVL- HV", "Gransil IDS-5", "Gransil MLB", "Gransil PC-12”, “Gransil PC-12P”, “Gransil RPS”, “Gransil RPS-D6”, “Gl CD-965”, “Gransil DM-5”, “Gransil DMCM-5”, “Gransil DMDM- 25", "Gransil DMDM-35", "Gransil DMID", "Gransil DMT3", "Gransil GAM" by the company Grant Industries.

[0034] The oil phase also includes at least one non-ionic emulsifier with an HLB value from 3.5 to 12, preferably, from 3.5 to 10, more preferably, from 3.5 to 8. Suitable emulsifiers such as glyceryl laurate, ceteth 2, glyceryl stearate, PEG-4 dilaurate, PEG- 30 dipolyhydroxystearate (Cithrol™ DPHS), cetyl PEG / PPG-10 / 1 dimethicone (Abil® EM 90 or Abil® EM 180), sorbitan palmitate (Span® 40), sorbitan laurate (Span® 20), Bis-PEG / PPG-20 / 5 PEG / PPG-20 / 5 Dimethicone (and) Methoxy PEG / PPG-25 / 4 Dimethicone (and) Caprylic / Capric Triglyceride (Abil® Care XL 80 MB) and the like. In one aspect, the total amount of non-ionic emulsifier is from 0.1 to 10%, preferably, from 0.1 to 5%, more preferably, from 0.5 to 2% by weight of the emulsion.

[0035] Retinoic Acid Precursors

[0036] Oil-soluble vitamins include vitamin A and its precursors or derivatives including retinoids such as retinol, beta-carotene, retinal, retinoic acid and C2-20 esters of retinol (such as retinyl palmitate, retinyl propionate, retinyl formate, retinyl acetate, retinyl butyrate, retinyl valerate, retinyl isovalerate, retinyl hexanoate, retinyl heptanoate, retinyl octanoate, retinyl nonanoate, retinyl decanoate, retinyl undecandate, retinyl taurate, retinyl tridecanoate, retinyl myristate, retinyl pentadecanoate, retinyl heptadeconoate, retinyl stearate, retinyl isostearate, retinyl nonadecanoate, retinyl arachidonate, retinyl behenate, retinyl linoleate, and retinyl oleate); vitamin D and its precursors or derivatives, vitamin E and its precursors or derivatives (such as d-alpha- tocopherol, tocopheryl acetate); vitamin K and its precursors or derivatives; selenium and its derivatives (such as L-selenomethionine). When used, from 0.0001 wt% to 10 wt%, or from 0.001 wt% to 8 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 5 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 3 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 2 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 1 wt%, by weight of each of such ingredients, based on the total weight of the oil phase.

[0037] Substituted Resorcinols

[0038] A resorcinol, which is a monohydroxy phenol compound (i.e., 1 ,3-dihydroxybenzene or 1 ,3-benzenediol) characterized by alcohol groups (—OH) at positions 1 and 3. The chemical structure of resorcinols may be modified, resulting in substituted resorcinols characterized by at least one substituent in the 2, 4, 5 or 6 position. Substituted, as used herein, refers to a compound in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by another atom or group, e.g., substituent. In one aspect, the substituted resorcinol comprises at least one substituent comprising 5 to 11 carbon atoms, or 5 to 9 carbon atoms. In one aspect, the substituted resorcinol has at least one substituent comprised of an alkyl group or unsaturated alkyl group.

[0039] In one aspect, the substituted resorcinol is only substituted at position 4 with an alkyl group, e.g., the substituted resorcinol is a 4-substituted alkyl resorcinol, including but not limited to 4-methyl resorcinol, 4-ethyl resorcinol, 4-hexyl resorcinol, 4-cyclohexyl resorcinol, 4-propyl resorcinol, 4-isopropyl resorcinol, 4-butyl resorcinol, 4-pentyl resorcinol, 4-phenylethyl resorcinol, 4-cyclopentyl resorcinol, 4-cyclohexyl resorcinol, 4-heptyl resorcinol, 4-cycloheptyl resorcinol, 4-octyl resorcinol, 4-cyclooctyl resorcinol, 4-nonyl resorcinol, 4-decyl resorcinol, 4-undecyl resorcinol, 4-dodecyl resorcinol and / or combinations or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the substituted resorcinol is 4- ethylresorcinol, 4-hexylresorcinol, and 4-isopropylresorcinol. In one aspect, the substituted resorcinol is substituted at position 4 with a substituted or unsubstituted 5- or 6-membered ring carbon-based heterocyclic ring containing one or more heteroatoms selected from N, S or O, preferably a substituted 5-membered ring carbon-based heterocyclic ring containing two heteroatoms selected from N or S, e.g., isobutylamido thiazolyl resorcinol or thiamidol. When used, from 0.0001 wt% to 10 wt%, or from 0.0001 wt% to 5 wt%, or from 0.001 wt% to 8 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 5 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 3 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 2 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 1 wt%, by weight of each of such ingredients, based on the total weight of the aqueous or oil phase.

[0040] In one aspect, the weight ratio of substituted resorcinols to retinoic acid precursors is from 10:1 to 1 :10, or from 7:1 to 1 :7, or from 5:1 to 1 :5, or from 4:1 to 1 :4. In one aspect, the weight ratio of the functional elastomer to a combination of the retinoic acid precursor and the substituted resorcinol is 100: 1 to 40: 1 , preferably 80: 1 to 40: 1 , more preferably about 60:1 to 40:1.

[0041] Optional Components

[0042] Examples of additional optional suitable oils in the oil phase include linear or branched alkanes comprising from 8 to 34 carbons, triglycerides, ester oils, fatty alcohols, fatty acids with from 10 to 28 carbons preferably, with a melting point of <30 °C, preferably, < 25°C,, and / or silicone materials and / or combinations thereof, preferably, linear or branched alkanes, ester oils, and / or triglycerides. In one aspect, the emulsion comprises from 1 wt% to 20 wt%, preferably, from 1 wt% to 15 wt%, more preferably, from 1 wt% to 12 wt%, even more preferably, from 5 wt% to 12%, and most preferably, from 7 wt% to 12 wt%, of the suitable optional oil(s) based on the total weight of the emulsion. In one aspect, the emulsion is substantially free of additional optional suitable oils.

[0043] Linear or branched alkanes comprising 8 to 34 carbons may include isohexadecane, a C10-13 alkane, a C12-C17 alkane, a C13-C15 alkane, a C15-19 alkane (e.g., Emogreen™ L15), a C14-C22 alkane, a C18-21 alkane, and / or squalane, preferably isohexadecane, a C15-C19 alkane.

[0044] Triglycerides (animal and / or vegetable) may include oils such as soybean oil, sunflower oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil, castor oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, grape seed oil, caprylic / capric triglyceride, safflower oil, fish oil or mixtures thereof. In one aspect, caprylic capric triglyceride is a preferred oil for use in the emulsion.

[0045] Ester oils may include isocetyl stearate, octyl dodecyl myristate, butyl octyl salicylate, isostearyl isostearate, cetyl ethyl hexanoate, ethyl hexyl palmitate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl neopentanoate, isostearyl neopentanoate, isodecyl neopentanoate and / or isopropyl palmitate, preferably, isopropyl neopentanoate, isostearyl neopentanoate, isodecyl neopentanoate, more preferably, isodecyl neopentanoate.

[0046] Suitable fatty acids include fatty acids with from 10 to 28 carbons, preferably with a melting point of <30 °C, preferably, < 25°C, including but not limited to isostearyl acid and oleic acid. Suitable fatty alcohols include cetyl, lauryl, myristyl, palmitic, cetearyl, stearyl, isostearyl, and oleyl alcohols and octyldodecanol.

[0047] Silicone materials of liquid, solid, or semi-solid consistency at room temperature may optionally be included in the emulsion described herein. Liquid silicones include silicone oils which may be divided into the volatile and nonvolatile variety. The term "volatile" as used herein refers to those materials which have a measurable vapor pressure at ambient temperature. Volatile silicone oils are preferably chosen from cyclic (cyclomethicone) or linear polydimethylsiloxanes containing from 3 to 9, preferably, from 4 to 5, silicon atoms, preferably, cyclotetrasiloxane (D4), cyclopentasiloxane (D5), cyclohexasiloxane (D6), hexamethyldisiloxane, and / or mixtures thereof. Nonvolatile silicones include nonvolatile silicone oils such as polyalkyl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes and polyether siloxane copolymers, including dimethicones and caprylyl methicone, and silicone waxes such as dimethicone copolyol laurate. Solid silicones may include polymethylsilsesquioxane (PSQ). In one aspect, the total amount of silicone materials is from 0.01 wt% to 6 wt%, preferably, from 0.1 wt% to 5 wt%, or 0.5 wt% to 5%, more preferably, 2 wt% to 5 wt% based on the total weight of the emulsion. In one aspect, the emulsion is substantially free of solid silicones. In one aspect the emulsion is substantially free of volatile silicones. In one aspect, the emulsion is substantially free of D5. In one aspect, the emulsion is substantially free of silicone acrylates comprising at least one copolymer comprising carboxylate groups and polydimethylsiloxane groups.

[0048] Water-soluble vitamins may include vitamin B1 and its precursors or derivatives (such as thiamine), vitamin B3 and its precursors or derivatives (such as niacinamide); vitamin B5 and its precursors or derivatives (such as panthenol and its precursors or derivatives); vitamin B7, vitamin B9, vitamin C and its precursors or derivatives (such as tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate, ascorbyl palmitate); and alpha lipoic acid. When used, from 0.0001 wt% to 10 wt%, or from 0.001 wt% to 8 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 5 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 3 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 2 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 1 wt%, or from 0.5 wt% to 3.5 wt%, or from 1 wt% to 3.5 wt%, by weight of each of such ingredients, based on the total weight of the emulsion.

[0049] Further water-soluble actives include allantoin, pyroglutamic acid (PCA) and salts thereof including zinc PCA and sodium PCA, kojic acid, saccharide isomerate, and hyaluronic acid and salts thereof. When used, from 0.0001 wt% to 10 wt% or from 0.001 wt% to 8 wt%, and most preferably, from 0.01 wt% to 5 wt% or from 0.01 wt% to 3 wt% or from 0.01 wt% to 2 wt% or from 0.01 wt% to 1 wt% by weight of each of such ingredients are used, based on the total weight of the emulsion.

[0050] Glutathione precursors such as a glutamate source (e.g., glutamate) and cystine and, optionally, glycine, as well as salts and esters thereof. Glutamate source can be present in the form of its functional equivalents including glutamine, glutamic acid and / or pyroglutamic acid and / or their salts. In another aspect, a carboxymethyl cysteine compound can be used. The carboxymethyl cysteine compound refers to compound selected from carboxymethyl cysteine, salt of carboxymethyl cysteine, ester of carboxymethyl cysteine, amide of carboxymethyl cysteine or a mixture thereof. Preferably, the carboxymethyl cysteine compound comprises carboxymethyl cysteine, ester of carboxymethyl cysteine, and / or salt of carboxymethyl cysteine. More preferably, the carboxymethyl cysteine compound comprises carboxymethyl cysteine, and / or salt of carboxymethyl cysteine. Even more preferably, carboxymethyl cysteine compound comprises salt of carboxymethyl cysteine. Still even more preferably the carboxymethyl cysteine compound comprises lysine carboxymethyl cysteinate and most preferably, the carboxymethyl cysteine compound is lysine carboxymethyl cysteinate. When used, from 0.0001 wt% to 10 wt%, or from 0.001 wt% to 8 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 5 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 3 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 2 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 1 wt%, by weight of each of such ingredients, based on the total weight of the emulsion.

[0051] A peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activator such as 10- hydroxystearic acid (10-HSA), 12-hydroxystearic acid (12-HSA), cis-parinaric acid, trans-7-octadecenoic acid, cis-5, 8, 11 ,14,17 eicosapentanoic acid, cis-4,7, 10, 13, 16, 19 docosahexenoic acid, conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11), columbinic acid, linolenelaidic acid, ricinolaidic acid, stearidonic acid, 2-hydroxystearic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, cis-11 ,14-eicosadienoic acid, conjugated linoleic acid (t10,c12), conjugated linoleic acid (t9,t11), conjugated linoleic acid (50:50 mix of c9, t11 and t10 c12), coriander acids, linolelaidic acid, monopetroselinic acid, petroselinic acid, ricinoleic acid, stearolic acid, thuja extract or trans vaccenic acid. Even other PPAR activators include cis-11 ,14,17 eicosatrienoic acid, cis-5 eicosenoic acid, cis-8,11 ,14 eicosatrienoic acid, hexadecatrienoic acid, palmitoleic acid, petroselaidic acid, farnesol, cis- 13, 16 docosadienoic acid, cis vaccenic acid, cis-11 eicosenoic acid, cis- 13,16,19 docosatrienoic acid, cis-13-octadecenoic acid, cis-15-octadecanoic acid, cis- 7,10,13,16 docosatetraenoic acid, elaidic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, geranic acid, geranyl geranoic acid, linoleic acid, petroselinyl alcohol, phytanic acid, pinolenic acid, trans-13-octadecenoic acid or tridecyl salicylic acid (TDS). Still other PPAR activators include biochanin A (red clover phytoestrogen), chromolaena odorata extract, pomegranate saponifiable hydrolysable extract, buglossoides (stearidonic plant extract) or zanthalene (extract from Sichuan peppercorn), whereby it is within the scope of the invention to use a mixture of any of the herein noted PPAR activators. In an embodiment of the invention, the PPAR activator is petroselinic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, ricinoleic acid or a mixture thereof. When used, from 0.0001 wt% to 10 wt%, or from 0.001 wt% to 8 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 5 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 3 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 2 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 1 wt%, by weight of each of such ingredients, based on the total weight of the emulsion.

[0052] Fatty acids containing from 8 to 30 carbon atoms (such as stearic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, and / or oleic acid) are suitable optional components. Ceramides (e.g., ceramide 1 , ceramide 3 and / or ceramide 6), and alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acids (known as AHAs) are suitable optional components. Another suitable component is 2- mercaptonicotinoyl glycine. When used, from 0.0001 wt% to 10 wt%, or from 0.001 wt% to 8 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 5 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 3 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 2 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 1 wt%, by weight of each of such ingredients, based on the total weight of the emulsion.

[0053] Other additional optional skin care benefit agents include at least one of benzethonium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, cetrimonium chloride, zinc pyrithione, chloroxylenol, eugenol, terpineol, thymol, selenium sulfide, piroctone olamine, hinokitiol, linalool, cinnamon oil, lemon grass oil, eucalyptus, vanilla extract, mint extract, orange extract, linseed oil, flaxseed oil or a mixture thereof. If any of such are selected for use, the total amount of those selected for use will (in combined total) be from 0.001 wt% to 4.5 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 3.5 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 2.5 wt% or from 0.02 wt% to 1 wt%, based on the total weight of the emulsion.

[0054] Conventional humectants, generally of the polyhydric alcohol-type materials, are suitable for optional use. Typical polyhydric alcohols include glycerol (i.e., glycerine or glycerin), propanediol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol ethers of glycerin (e.g., glycereth), sorbitol, hydroxypropyl sorbitol, hexylene glycol, 1 ,3-butylene glycol, isoprene glycol, 1 ,2,6- hexanetriol, ethoxylated glycerol, propoxylated glycerol and mixtures thereof, preferably, glycerin, propylene glycol or a mixture thereof. Other suitable humectants include water soluble esters and ethers such as Glycereth-7 Triacetate, Glycereth- 5 Lactate, PEG / PPG-8 / 3 Laurate, Polyglyceryl-3 Laurate, PPG-20 Methyl Glucose Ether, Methyl Gluceth-20, and Methyl Gluceth-10. When used, the total amount of the humectant is from 0.01 wt% to about 20 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 15 wt%, or from 0.01 wt% to 10 wt%, or from 0.5 wt% to 10 wt%, or from 0.5 wt% to 8 wt%, based on the total weight of the emulsion. In one aspect, the emulsion is substantially free of volatile alcohols having a molecular weight of greater than or equal to 60 g / mol, such as ethanol and isopropyl alcohol.

[0055] Conventional preservatives can desirably be incorporated into the sunscreen emulsion to protect against the growth of potentially harmful microorganisms. Cosmetic chemists are familiar with appropriate preservatives and routinely choose them to satisfy the preservative challenge test and to provide product stability. While traditional preservatives may be used, such as hydantoin derivatives, isothiazolinones, methyl paraben and / or propyl paraben, as described herein the emulsion of the present invention is preferably substantially free of the same. Other preservatives suitable for use may include iodopropynyl butyl carbamate, phenoxyethanol, hydroxyacetophenone, ethylhexylglycerine, hexylene glycol, imidazolidinyl urea, sodium dehydroacetate, benzyl alcohol, sodium benzoate or mixtures thereof. Even other preservatives suitable for use include sodium dehydroacetate, chlorophenesin and decylene glycol. The preservatives should be selected having regard for the use of the emulsion and possible incompatibilities between the preservatives and other ingredients in the emulsion. Preservatives are preferably employed in amounts from 0.01 wt% to 2.0 wt%, based on the total weight of the sunscreen emulsion. Also preferred is a preservative system with hydroxyacetophenone alone or in a mixture with other preservatives. Use of common emollients classified as vicinal diols, like 1 ,2- octane diol (or other vicinal alkane diols), are also suitable for use with the preservatives described herein and typically at amounts ranging from 0.15 wt% to 1.5 wt%, and preferably, from 0.2 wt% to 1 .25 wt%, and most preferably, from 0.25 wt% to 1 wt%, or 0.25 wt% to 0.8 wt%, based on the total weight of the emulsion. In another embodiment of the invention, another preservative suitable for optional use in the present invention comprises capryloyl glycine, undecylenoyl glycine or a mixture thereof. In one aspect, the emulsion is substantially free of parabens.

[0056] Emulsions disclosed herein may optionally include boron nitride. Boron nitride (BN) is a chemically inert non-oxide ceramic material, which exists in several crystalline varieties. Typically, the boron nitride is provided in the neat as a powder or as particles, and has a mean particle size ranging from 300 nm to 40 microns, or 500 nm to 30 microns, or 700 nm to 20 microns, or 900 nm to 18 microns, or 1 micron to 15 microns, or 1 .1 microns to 10 microns, or 1 .5 microns to 8 microns, or 1 .5 to 5 microns. Mean particle size, as used herein, or particle size distribution D50, is determined by conventional techniques known to one skilled in the art, such as laser diffraction. For the avoidance of doubt, a mean particle size (D50) of, for example, 2 microns, means that the mean particle size of the particle is 2 microns and also that 50% of the particles are smaller than 2 microns and 50% of the particles are larger than 2 microns in size. The particle size can be assessed with conventional equipment known to those skilled in the art such as a Leitz optical microscope (e.g., ones of the Laborlux 12 Pol S model name) fitted with cross-polarizers under magnification settings of 5x to 50x or a Malvern Mastersizer 3000. Boron nitride can be sold under the tradename CARESS® BN or CARESS® BN02 as made commercially available by Kobo. The boron nitride may be made commercially available as surface treated / coated with another material, such as isopropyl titanium triisostearate or triethoxycaprylylsilane such as boron nitride coated with isopropyl titanium triisostearate is BN02-I2, as made commercially available by Kobo.

[0057] Traditional fragrance components like eugenol, coumarin, linalyl acetate, citronellal, iris concentrate, terpinyl acetate, terpineol, thymol, pinenes (e.g., alpha and beta pinene) and citronellol may optionally be added to the personal care concentrate emulsion as well.

[0058] Antioxidants are suitable for optional use including natural, naturally derived, or synthetic antioxidants. Illustrative but nonlimiting examples of such antioxidants comprise alpha-hydroxy acids (e.g., citric acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid and mandelic acid), beta-hydroxy acids (e.g., propanoic acid and salicylic acid), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), carotenes, carotenoids, co-enzyme Q10, didodecyl 3,3' thiodipropionate, glutathione, imidazole and derivatives thereof, octadecyl di-t-butyl-4- hydroxyhydrocinnamate, peptides and derivatives thereof, plant extracts (e.g., Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) leaf extract, Camellia sinesis (green tea) leaf extract, Apium graveolens (celery) seed extract, and / or Linum usitatissimum (linseed) seed extract), polyhydroxy acids (e.g., gluconic acid, gluconolactone and lactobionic acid), polyphenols (e.g., anthocyanin, ellagic acid, flavonoid, tannin), and resveratrol. Other examples of suitable antioxidants include Tinogard® TT which is the phenolic antioxidant under the chemical name Pentaerythrityl Tetra-di-t-butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate, and Tinogard® Q (Tris-(Tetramethylhydroxy- piperidinol)citrate), that is made commercially available from BASF.

[0059] In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a water-in-oil (W / O) emulsion: (a) from 0.5 wt% to 35 wt%, preferably, from 1 wt% to 32 wt%, more preferably, from 5 wt% to 32 wt%, and most preferably, from 10 wt% to 32 wt% of an aqueous phase, wherein the aqueous phase further comprises at least one water soluble vitamin, preferably niacinamide; and (b) from 64.5 wt% to 99 wt%, preferably, from 68 wt% to 90 wt%, more preferably, from 68 wt% to 88 wt%, and most preferably, from 68 wt% to 85 wt% of an oil phase, comprising at least one oil-soluble sunscreen and a functional elastomer, wherein the functional elastomer is at least 55 wt%, preferably, from 55 wt% to 90 wt%, more preferably, from 55 wt% to 85 wt%, and most preferably, from 60 wt% to 75 wt% of the oil phase, wherein the oil phase further comprises a retinoic acid precursor and a substituted resorcinol, and at least one additional optional suitable oil from 8 to 34 carbons, triglycerides, ester oils, fatty alcohols, fatty acids with from 10 to 28 carbons preferably, with a melting point of <30 °C, preferably, < 25°C, and / or silicone materials and / or combinations thereof, and wherein the emulsion comprises from 0.5 wt% to 10 wt%, preferably, from 0.75 wt% to 5 wt%, more preferably, from 0.75 wt% to 2.5 wt% of a nonionic emulsifier, based on the weight of the emulsion, with an HLB value from 3.5 to 12, preferably, from 3.5 to 10, more preferably, from 3.5 to 8. Preferably, the functional elastomer is an elastomer of Structure (I), wherein x is from 15 to 40, preferably, from 15 to 30, more preferably, from 15 to 25, most preferably, x is 20; and wherein y and z are each are from 0 to 500, or from 0 to 250, or from 0 to 100, or from 0 to 50, from 1 to 500, or from 1 to 250, or from 1 to 100, or from 1 to 50.

[0060] In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a water-in-oil (W / O) emulsion: (a) from 0.5 wt% to 35 wt%, preferably, from 1 wt% to 32 wt%, more preferably, from 5 wt% to 32 wt%, and most preferably, from 10 wt% to 32 wt% of an aqueous phase, wherein the aqueous phase further comprises at least one water soluble vitamin, preferably niacinamide; and (b) from 64.5 wt% to 99 wt%, preferably, from 68 wt% to 90 wt%, more preferably, from 68 wt% to 88 wt%, and most preferably, from 68 wt% to 85 wt% of an oil phase, comprising at least one oil-soluble sunscreen and a functional elastomer, wherein the functional elastomer is at least 55 wt%, preferably, from 55 wt% to 90 wt%, more preferably, from 55 wt% to 85 wt%, and most preferably, from 60 wt% to 75 wt% of the oil phase, wherein the oil phase further comprises a retinoic acid precursor and a substituted resorcinol, and at least one additional optional suitable oil from 8 to 34 carbons, triglycerides, ester oils, fatty alcohols, fatty acids with from 10 to 28 carbons preferably, with a melting point of <30 °C, preferably, < 25°C, and / or silicone materials and / or combinations thereof, wherein the emulsion may optionally comprise at least one glutathione precursor, and wherein the emulsion comprises from 0.5 wt% to 10 wt%, preferably, from 0.75 wt% to 5 wt%, more preferably, from 0.75 wt% to 2.5 wt% of a nonionic emulsifier, based on the weight of the emulsion, with an HLB value from 3.5 to 12, preferably, from 3.5 to 10, more preferably, from 3.5 to 8. Preferably, the functional elastomer is an elastomer of Structure (I), wherein x is from 15 to 40, preferably, from 15 to 30, more preferably, from 15 to 25, most preferably, x is 20; and wherein y and z are each are from 0 to 500, or from 0 to 250, or from 0 to 100, or from 0 to 50, from 1 to 500, or from 1 to 250, or from 1 to 100, or from 1 to 50.

[0061] In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a water-in-oil (W / O) emulsion: (a) from 0.5 wt% to 35 wt%, preferably, from 1 wt% to 32 wt%, more preferably, from 5 wt% to 32 wt%, and most preferably, from 10 wt% to 32 wt% of an aqueous phase, wherein the aqueous phase further comprises at least one water soluble vitamin, preferably niacinamide; and (b) from 64.5 wt% to 99 wt%, preferably, from 68 wt% to 90 wt%, more preferably, from 68 wt% to 88 wt%, and most preferably, from 68 wt% to 85 wt% of an oil phase, comprising at least one oil-soluble sunscreen and a functional elastomer, wherein the functional elastomer is at least 55 wt%, preferably, from 55 wt% to 90 wt%, more preferably, from 55 wt% to 85 wt%, and most preferably, from 60 wt% to 75 wt% of the oil phase, wherein the oil phase further comprises a retinoic acid precursor and a substituted resorcinol, at least one PPAR activator, palmitic acid, stearic acid and / or an additional optional suitable oil from 8 to 34 carbons, triglycerides, ester oils, fatty alcohols, other fatty acids with from 10 to 28 carbons preferably, with a melting point of <30 °C, preferably, < 25°C, and / or silicone materials and / or combinations thereof, wherein the emulsion may optionally comprise at least one glutathione precursor, and wherein the emulsion comprises from 0.5 wt% to 10 wt%, preferably, from 0.75 wt% to 5 wt%, more preferably, from 0.75 wt% to 2.5 wt% of a nonionic emulsifier, based on the weight of the emulsion, with an HLB value from 3.5 to 12, preferably, from 3.5 to 10, more preferably, from 3.5 to 8. Preferably, the functional elastomer is an elastomer of Structure (I), wherein x is from 15 to 40, preferably, from 15 to 30, more preferably, from 15 to 25, most preferably, x is 20; and wherein y and z are each are from 0 to 500, or from 0 to 250, or from 0 to 100, or from 0 to 50, from 1 to 500, or from 1 to 250, or from 1 to 100, or from 1 to 50.

[0062] The emulsion described herein may be made by conventional method known to those skilled in the art.

[0063] In one aspect, a method of applying an emulsion as described herein to skin.

[0064] In one aspect, the emulsion remains translucent in appearance upon application onto skin (e.g., no white cast).

[0065] In one aspect, the emulsion described herein is used for protecting the skin from damage caused by ultraviolet radiation.

[0066] Many types of packaging can be used to store and deliver the present personal care emulsion. The selection of packaging is dependent upon the personal care end use and the viscosity of the emulsion itself. As an example, leave-on lotions and creams for skin typically employ plastic containers with an opening at a dispense end covered by an appropriate closure. Conventional closures include flip-top hinged lids, screw-caps and non-aerosol pumps. As another example, appropriate packaging to be used for antiperspirants, deodorants and depilatories include a container with a roller-ball applicator on a dispensing end if the emulsion is fluid and of a thinner viscosity. If the emulsion is in a stick format, a container with a propel-repel mechanism wherein the stick is fixed on a platform towards a dispensing orifice is appropriate. If the emulsion is in an aerosol format, then metallic cans pressurized by a propellant and having a spray nozzle is appropriate. In general, patches, bottles, tubes, roller-ball applicators, squeeze containers or lidded jars are preferred.

[0067] Emulsions will now be described below in the context of specific non-limiting examples to facilitate a greater understanding of the present personal care emulsions. One of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that variations of the inventive emulsions that differ from the examples given may be practiced without deviating from the teachings of the present emulsions.

[0068] Examples

[0069] The following Examples are provided to further illustrate an understanding of the invention. The Examples are not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] Emulsions were prepared by mixing the amounts of the components as indicated in Table 1. The oil phase (except functional elastomer and optional non-functional elastomer) was heated to about 65°C and then mixed. Elastomer (e.g., functional elastomer and optional non-functional elastomer) was added to oil phase and mixed until homogenous, and then cooled. Separately, the water phase was prepared by mixing all of the components, and then added to oil phase at room temperature. Amounts are listed in % by weight.

[0072] As can be seen from Table 1 , Compositions 1-4 surprisingly and unexpectedly were able to achieve excellent chemical recovery of the RP and HR. Additionally, trained panelists tested each of Compositions 1-4 and these emulsions had excellent skin feel properties on the skin after application of the emulsion. Example 2

[0073] Emulsions were prepared in the same manner as Example 1 . Table 2

[0074] As can be seen in Table 2, Compositions 5-8 surprisingly and unexpectedly were able to achieve excellent chemical recovery of the RP and HR. Additionally, trained panelists tested each of Compositions 5-8 and these emulsions had excellent skin feel properties on the skin after application of the emulsion.

Claims

Claims1. A water-in-oil (W / 0) emulsion: a) from 0.5 wt% to 35 wt%, preferably, from 1 wt% to 32 wt%, more preferably, from 5 wt% to 32 wt%, and most preferably, from 10 wt% to 32 wt% of an aqueous phase; and b) from 64.5 wt% to 99 wt%, preferably, from 68 wt% to 90 wt%, more preferably, from 68 wt% to 88 wt%, and most preferably, from 68 wt% to 85 wt% of an oil phase, comprising at least one oil-soluble sunscreen and a functional elastomer, wherein the functional elastomer is at least 55 wt%, preferably, from 55 wt% to 90 wt%, more preferably, from 55 wt% to 85 wt%, and most preferably, from 60 wt% to 75 wt% of the oil phase, wherein the oil phase further comprises a retinoic acid precursor and a substituted resorcinol, and wherein the emulsion comprises from 0.5 wt% to 10 wt%, preferably, from 0.75 wt% to 5 wt%, more preferably, from 0.75 wt% to 2.5 wt% of a nonionic emulsifier, based on the weight of the emulsion, with an HLB value from 3.5 to 12, preferably, from 3.5 to 10, more preferably, from 3.5 to 8.

2. The emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the emulsion comprises from 1 wt% to 30%, preferably, 3 wt% to 25 wt%, most preferably, from 5 wt% to 25 wt%, and most preferably from 5 wt% to 16 wt% of the at least one oil-soluble sunscreen, based on the total weight of the emulsion.

3. The emulsion of any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one oilsoluble sunscreen is UVA sunscreen, a UVB sunscreen, and / or a combination of a UVA and UVB sunscreen.

4. The emulsion of any of the preceding claims, wherein a weight ratio of the functional elastomer to a combination of the retinoic acid precursor and the substituted resorcinol is 100:1 to 40:1 , preferably 80:1 to 40:1 , more preferably about 60:1 to 40:1.

5. The emulsion of any of the preceding claims, wherein the retinoic acid precursor is one or more of retinyl esters, retinol, retinal and retinoic acid, wherein the one or more of retinyl esters is selected from retinyl palmitate, retinyl propionate, retinyl formate, retinyl acetate, retinyl butyrate, retinyl valerate, retinyl isovalerate, retinyl hexanoate, retinyl heptanoate, retinyl octanoate, retinyl nonanoate, retinyl decanoate, retinyl undecandate, retinyl taurate, retinyl tridecanoate, retinyl myristate, retinyl pentadecanoate, retinyl heptadeconoate, retinyl stearate, retinyl isostearate, retinyl nonadecanoate, retinyl arachidonate, retinyl behenate, retinyl linoleate, retinyl oleate, and mixtures thereof, preferably retinyl propionate.

6. The emulsion of any of the preceding claims, wherein the emulsion comprises from 0.001 to 10 wt% of the retinoic acid precursor.

7. The emulsion of any of the preceding claims, wherein the substituted resorcinol is selected from 4-methyl resorcinol, 4-ethyl resorcinol, 4-hexyl resorcinol, 4-cyclohexyl resorcinol, 4-propyl resorcinol, 4-isopropyl resorcinol, 4-butyl resorcinol, 4-pentyl resorcinol, 4-phenylethyl resorcinol, 4-cyclopentyl resorcinol, 4-cyclohexyl resorcinol, 4-heptyl resorcinol, 4-cycloheptyl resorcinol, 4-octyl resorcinol, 4-cyclooctyl resorcinol, 4-nonyl resorcinol, 4-decyl resorcinol, 4-undecyl resorcinol, 4-dodecyl resorcinol, isobutylamido thiazolyl resorcinol and / or combinations or mixtures thereof, preferably 4-ethylresorcinol and / or 4-hexylresorcinol.

8. The emulsion of any of the preceding claims, wherein the emulsion comprises from 0.001 to 10 wt% of the substituted resorcinol.

9. The emulsion of any of the preceding claims further comprising at least one water-soluble sunscreen.

10. The emulsion of any of the preceding claims, wherein the emulsion is stable.11 . The emulsion of any of the preceding claims, wherein the emulsion is substantially free of parabens, sulfates, volatile silicones, and / or antioxidants.

12. The emulsion of any of the preceding claims, wherein the emulsion comprises from 1 wt% to 27 wt%, preferably, from 5 wt% to 27 wt%, more preferably, from 7 wt% to 25 wt%, and most preferably, from 10 wt% to 25 wt%, and even more preferably from 10 wt% to 20 wt%, and even more preferably, from 10 wt% to 15 wt% of water.

13. The emulsion of any of the preceding claims further comprising boron nitride.

14. The emulsion of any of the preceding claims, wherein the emulsion further comprises a non-functional elastomer.

15. The emulsion of any of claims 1-13, wherein the emulsion is substantially free of a non-functional elastomer.

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