Synthetic mucins, compositions including synthetic mucins, and methods for making and using same

Abstract

Disclosed are synthetic mucins comprising homopolymers or copolymers of sugar and amino acid building blocks that mimic the structure and function of naturally-occurring mucins. Methods for their synthesis involve ring-opening polymerization of sugar-amino acid conjugate monomers, optionally together with amino acid monomers or derivatives serving as spacers or crosslinkers, followed by deprotection steps to yield tailored polymers with controlled sequence, molecular weight, and functionality. Compositions containing these synthetic mucins have utility in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, biomedical, and industrial applications such as lubricants, adhesives, moisturizers, protective coatings, and mucus substitutes.

Description

SYNTHETIC MUC MINEST,H COODMSP FOOSRIT MIOANKSIN INGC ALNUDDI UNSGIN SGYN STAHMEETIC MUCINS, AND R [0E0L0A1]TED APPLICATION priority to, T Uhnisite adpp Sltiacatetison Pr iosv aisnio InNaTlE PRatNenAtT AIOpNplAicLat (iPCT) application of, and claims 15 July 2024 and entitled “SY hNerTeH on Number: 63 / 671,480, filed on SAME,” which is incorporated inE bTyIC ref MerUeCncINeS. AND METHODS FOR MAKING T [ b0E io0C m0H2a]NICA teria TlshLe FI pErLeDsent disclosure relates to the field of synthetic polymers and for the synth.e Msisor oef s puacrthic suylanrtlhye,t tihce m duisccinloss,u arned p ceormtapins to synthetic mucins, methods for use in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, biomedical, ando insditiuosntsria clo amppprliicsaintgion sus.ch mucins B [0ACKGROUND inc0l0u3d]ing, M buutc nuost a limndite mdu toci,n lsub hriacvaents m,a andyhe isnidvuesst,ri mal and commercial applications hydrating agents, and othe oisturizers, protective coatings, ani r mucus substitutes. Traditionally, mucus is harvested from expmeanlsiv seo,ur acneds y aienldds p ruersifuieltds o tof u mnpurceind,ic wtahbilceh q is time consuming, labor-intensive, activity. Furthermor uality, potency, purity, and biological reg e, the reliance on animal-derived materials raises concerns comaprdliainngce c,o esstp,ec siaulplypl fyor b coionmsiesdteicnacly o,r p phoaternmtaiacleu imticmaul unsoeg.enicity, and regulatory S [ h0U o0M m0o4M p]ARY olym Theers o prre csoepnotlym diescrslo csoumrepri provides synthetic mucins, which may be certain embodiments, the synthetic muscinings s aurega dre arinvded a fmroinmo s aucgiadrs bu inilcdliundgin bgl,o bckust. In limited to, galactose, glucose or n-acetylgalactosamine, not threonine, serine, alanine, glycine, and and amino acids such as structural and functional properties of na / oturr cayls mteuincien.s T ahned s mynatyhe bteic ta milourceinds fo mri smpiecc the applications by varying the monomer composition, polymer ific architecture, or degree of polymerization. sequence, polymer 1[ s0y0n0th5] The present disclosure also provides methods for the synthesis of such procetic mucins. In various embodiments, the synthetic mucins are prepared using a moneosmser involving ring-opening polymerization of sugar–amino acid conjugate spacers os, optionally together with amino acid monomers or derivatives serving as deprotectiorn c srtosslinkers. The resulting polymers are subjected to one or more methods enableep ts to yield the desired synthetic mucins. In some embodiments, the while in other ehmeb formation of homopolymers comprising sugar–amino acid units, copolymers, or crossolidnikmeednts, copolymers such as block copolymers, random customized to control the pol pymolyemrers are obtained. The methods may further be presentation. The synthetic muc sequence, molecular weight, and functional group at least one of a solution, gel, creins described herein may be provided in the form of and / or hydr am, suspension, film, membrane, coating, powder, [ s0y0n0th6e]tic To mhg uee ci pl. nrsesent disclosure further encompasses compositions comprising the pharmaceutical, co dsemsecribed herein. Such compositions are useful in a range of but not limited tic, biomedical, apparel, and industrial applications, including mucus su to, lubricants, hydrating agents, moisturizers, protective coatings, and more of tbhsetit suytes. In some embodiments, the compositions that comprise one or emulsifier, a sunrftahcettic mucins described herein may be configured to act as an adhesive, a protectant, a thickener, a stabilizer, a preservative, a lubricant, an alternatively, in somive film, and / or a gas permeation membrane. Additionally, or the synthetic mucinse e dmebodiments, the compositions that comprise one or more of material, a rheology modisfcribed herein may be configured to act as encapsulating an additive for ant ier, an active ingredient to provide and / or maintain hydration, additive imicrobial and / or antiviral activity, an antifog coating, an anti-freeze moistur, an antimicrobial coating, an antiviral coating, an antifungal coating, a mede repellant coating, a moisture retaining coating, and / or an industrial and / or and / iocra ml luebdricicaallnyt a acntdiv / eor c momedpiocasiltlyion ascti ivneclu codme,p boustit aiorne. n Eotxe limmipteladry to m,e ad jiocianlt lu lubbrricants an eye lubricant, artificial mucus, an intranasal drug delivery device, a dr icant, material, a drug delivery vehicle, a cell culture media, an antimicrobiug delivery and / or an antiviral substance, an antifungal substance, a skincare p al substance, product, and a composition to treat a dermatological condition. roduct, a cosmetic 2[ o0f0 a07 c]omp Ions sitoiomne, o erm fboormdiumlaetniotsn,, t thheat sy anlsthoe itniccl muduecsins a described herein may be part sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chlor salt such as one or more of magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) ide (KCl), calcium chloride (CaCl₂), Na₂HPO₄ / KH₂PO₄), a zinc s,a slto,d ainum iro bnic saarlbt,o ana cotepp (Nera sHaCltO, a₃n),d p / ohro asp mhaantega snaeltsse (e.g., Additionally, or alternatively the synthetic mucins descr salt. composition, or formulation, that also ibed herein may be part of a of a solvent and a b includes a solvent, a biopolymer, a combination combi iopolymer, a combination of a salt and a biopolymer, and / or a descrinbaetdio hne orefi an s moalvye bnet a pnadrt a o sfa alt c.o Amdpdoitsioitnioanll,y o,r or alternatively the synthetic mucins or moriede osf. caffeine, melatoni formulation, that also includes one ceram n, green tea extract, retinol, vitamins, bakuchiol, and / or B [0R0I0E8F] DE TShCeR aIPccToIOmNpa OnFyin TgHE d DRAWINGS part of this dis rawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a description, servcelo tsou erex,pla illiuns ttrate exemplary embodiments and, together with the

[0009] F he disclosed invention. (ga IG.1A provides a diagram and a chemical scheme for a first sugar [ (0g0l lu0a1c0to]se F).IG.1B provides a diagram and a chemical scheme thre0c o1o for a second sugar [00n1s in]e). FIG.1C provides a diagram and chemical scheme for the amino acid (AA) [ [0 [000001123]e. ] F FIIGG..11DE p prroovviiddeess a a d diiaaggrraamm a anndd c chheemmiiccaall s scchheemmee f foorr t thhee A AAA c syesritneein.e. [0000001145]] F FIIGG..11FG p prroovviiddeess a a d diiaaggrraamm a anndd c chheemmiiccaall s scchheemmee f foorr t the AA alanine.

[0016] FIG.2A provides a diagram of sequentially s he AA glycine. monomer to a process of ring-openin ubjecting a galactose-serine galactose-serine pol g polymerization and deprotection to form a inventio ymer, in accordance with some embodiments of the present [ a0c0c0o1rd7a]n; nc FeIG w.ith 2 sBom pero evmidebsod aime cnhtesm oifca thle s pcrheesmenet i onfve tnhteion p;rocess of FIG.2A, in 3[ d0e0p0r1o8te]ctio FnIG o.f 3 aA g plurocovisdee-sth are doianginream mo onf aom preorc teos fsor omf r aing g-luocpoesnein-tghr peoolymerization and accordance with some embodiments of the present invention; nine polymer, in [ a0c0c0o1r9] FIG.3B provides a chemical scheme for the process of FIG.3A , in [0002d0a]nc FeIG wi.th 4 sAom pero evmidbodiments of the present invention; polymerization and deprotees a diagram that shows a process of ring-opening serine polymer, in accor ction of a glucose-serine monomer to form a glucose-

[0021] FIG.4B providdance with some embodiments of the present invention; accordance with somees a chemical scheme that shows the process of FIG.4A, in

[0022] FIG.5A provi edmesb aod diimagernatms o off t ahe present invention; deprotection of a galactose-th process of ring-opening polymerization and polymer, in accordance with sreonine monomer to form a galactose-threonine

[0023] FIG.5B provideso am ceh eemmbicoadiments of the present invention; accordance with some embodiments of thle s pcheme of the process of FIG.5A , in

[0024] FIG.6A provides a diagram or a prorceessesnt o ifn rvinegn-toiopne; deprotection of a galactose-threonine monomer to f ning polymerization and polymer, in accordance with some embodiments of orm a galactose-threonine

[0025] FIG.6B provides a chemical scheme t fhoer p trheese pnrto invention; accordance with some embodiments of the present inventioncess of FIG.6A, in [ a0n0d02 d6e]pro FteIGct.io 7nA o pfr aov gidaelasc atos deia-gthrraemon fionre a m pornoocmesesr o tof r fionrgm-;op ae gnainlagc ptooslyem-erization polymer, in accordance with some embodiments of the present inven threonine [ a00027] FIG.7B provides a chemical scheme for the processti oofn; FIG.7A, in [0c0c0o2rd8a]nc FeIG wi.th 8A so pme embodiments of the present invention; and deprotec rovides a diagram for a process of ring-opening polymerization galactose-mtion of a galactose-methylated (m)-threonine monomer to form a inve -threonine polymer, in accordance with some embodiments of the present [ a0c0c0n o2t rd9io a]n; nc FeIG w.ith 8 sBom pero evmidbeosdi ame cnhtesm oifcal scheme for the process of FIG.8A, in

[0030] FIG.9A the present invention; form a galact provides a diagram for a process including a sequence of steps to opening polyomseer-itzharteioonnin toe f poormlym ae trh,r wehoenrienin a threonine monomer undergoes a ring- 4e polymer, which undergoes a process ofg wliythco ssoymlaetio enm abnoddi dmeepnrtoste ocfti ton to form a galactose-threonine polymer, in accordance

[0031] FIG.9B p he present invention; accordance with somreovides a chemical scheme for the process of FIG.9A, in

[0032] FIG.10A pro evmidbeosd aim deiangtsra omf th foe present invention; opening polymerization, glycosy r a reaction involving a sequence of ring- polymer, wherein a seri lation, and deprotection to form a galactose-serine a serine polymer ne monomer undergoes a ring-opening polymerization to form to form a g , which then undergoes a process of glycosylation and deprotection prese alactose-serine polymer, in accordance with some embodiments of the [ a0c0c0o3n rd3t a] inv nc Fe eIGnt w.io ith 1n0; soBm pero evmidbeosd a chemical scheme for the process of FIG.10A, in [0003 iments of the present invention; galact4o]se- FIG.11A provides a diagram showing a sequence of steps to form a polymerizatthioreno (ncinaeta plyozleymde bry, w ahne erenizny am tehre oorn siinmeil maron choemmeore unnzdyemrgaoteics a a r pinrogc-oepssen )ing form a threonine polymer, which then undergoes a process of glycosylation to deprotection to form a galactose-threonine polymer, in accordance with and embodiments of the present inven some

[0035] FIG.11B provides a chtioenm; accordance with some embodiments oical scheme for the process of FIG.11A, in

[0036] FIG.12A provides a diagramf f tohre a pr persoecnetss in tvhention; in the form of a galactose-threonine-co-alani at generate a synthetic mucin sequence , in accordance with some embone polymer with a random and / or block

[0037] FIG.12B provides a chemical sdcimheemnts of the present invention; accordance with some embodiments of the presene of the process of FIG.12A , in [ m0u0c0i3n8 i]n th FeIG fos.rm 13 oAf a pr goavildaectsos ae d-tihargeroanmin oef-c poro-gcleyst cs in ine fovren po thti leon g;eneration of a synthetic block sequence, in accordance with some embodimentymer with a random and / or

[0039] FIG.13B provides a chemical scheme fors th of the present invention; accordance with some embodiments of the present invee process of FIG.13A, in [ a0la0n0i4n0e] mo FnIGom.1e4rA un pdreorvgidoe as p aro dciaegsrsa omf r winhge-roepinen ain ggal paocltn yot msioen e-; rsizeartinioen monomer and an to form a random and / or block galactose-serine-co-alanin and deprotection with some embodiments of the present inv e copolymer, in accordance 5ention;[ a0la0n0i4n1e] mo FnIGom.1e4rB u pnrdoevrigdoes a a pr doiacegsrasm of w rihnegr-eoipne an ginlugc poosleym-therreizoantiinoen m anonomer and an to form a random and / or block glucose-threonine-co-alani d deprotection with some embodiments of the present invention ne copolymer, in accordance [ a0la0n0i4n2e] mo FnIGom.e 1r4C un pdreorvgidoe as p aro dcieasgsra omf ri wngh-eorpeein; ni ang g pluocloysmee-rsiezarintioen m aonndo dmeer and an to form a random and / or block glucose-serine-co-alanine copo protection with some embodi lymer, in accordance [0004 ments of the present invention; glycin3e] mo FnIoGm.e 1r4D un pdreorvgiode as p aro dcieasgsra omf ri wngh-eorpeeinni ang ga ploalcytmoseeri-zsaetriionne a mndon doempreort and a to form random and / or block galactose-serine-co-glycine copolym ection with some embodimen er, in accordance

[0044] F ts of the present invention; glycine monIoGm.e 1r4 uEn pdreorvgiode as p aro dceiasgsra omf ri wngh-eorpeeinni ang g pluoclyomsee-rtihzraetoionnin aend m doenpormoeterc atind to form a random and / or block glucose-threonine-co-glycine copolymer on with some embodiments , in accordance

[0045] FIG of the present invention; monomer und.e 1rg4oF a pr porvoicdeesss a o dfi rainggra-ompe wnhinegre pinol gylmuceoriszea-tsioenrin aend m doenpormoteerc atinodn g toly fcine a random and / or block glucose-serine-co-glycine copolymer, in accor orm embodiments of the pre dance with some

[0046] FIG.15A provsent invention; in the form of a ides a diagram for a process that generates a synthetic mucin some block galactose-threonine-co-cysteine polymer, in accordance with [00047 e]mb FoIdGim.e 1n5tBs o pfro thveid perses aen cth ienmveicnation; accordance with some embodiments of tl scheme for the process of FIG.15A, in

[0048] FIG.16A provides a diagram ohfe a p prreosceensts in thvaetntion; in the form of a random tri-copolymer with galac generates a synthetic mucin 1620 that may have a random and / or b tose-threonine, cysteine, and glycine embodiments of the present inventio lock sequence, in accordance with some [ a0c0c0o4rd9a]nc FeIG w.ith 16 soBm pero evmidbeosdi ame cnhten sm; oifcal scheme for the process of FIG.16A, in

[0050] FIG.1 the present invention; in the form of a c7oAp porlyomviedres m aad deia bgyra gmal oafc ato psero-tcherseson thinaet g ceonpeorlaymteesr aize sydn wthitehtic an mouthceinr 6f wuinthct sioonmael m emonboomdiemre thnatst o mfay have a random and / or block sequence, in accordance

[0051] FIG the present invention; accorda . 17B provides a chemical scheme for the process of FIG.17A, in

[0052] nc FeIG wi.th 18 sAom pe embodiments of the present invention; in the form of a galacrotovsidee-tshr ae doinaignrea-mco_ o_f_ a p proolycmesesr t thhaatt g meanyer haatevse a a s ryanntdhoemtic a mnudcin block sequence, in accordance with some embodiments of the presen / or

[0053] FIG.18B provides a chemical scheme for the procest invention; accordance with some embodiments of the present inven s of FIG.18A, in [ in00 t0h5e4] for FmIG o.f 19 aA b piroopvoidlyemse ar- dciao-gpraomly-g oafl aac ptrooscee-sthsr tehat gtieonne;rates a synthetic mucin functionalized polymer, in accordance with onine that may use an end- in some embodiments of the present [ a0v c0e c0n o5t rd5io a]n; nc FeIG w.ith 19 soBm pero evides a chemical scheme for the process of FIG.19A, in

[0056] FIG.20A provimdebsod aim dieangts of the present invention; using a S-S crosslinke ram of a process that generates a synthetic mucin monome r in the form of a cystine crosslinker and galactose-threonine depr rs when performing a process of ring-opening polymerization and preseontetc intiovenn to form the polymer, in accordance with some embodiments of the [ a0c0c0o5rd7a]nc FeIGt w.io ith 2n0; soBm pero evmidbeosdi ame chnetsm oicfa thle s pchreeme for the process of FIG.20A , in

[0058] FIG.21A provides a diagram of a prosceensts in thvaetn gtion; in the form of a random and / or block glucose enerates a synthetic mucin accordance with some embodiments of -serine-co-cysteine polymer , in

[0059] FIG.21B depicts a chemica tlhe sc phreemseent f ionrvention; accordance with some embodiments of the pre the process of FIG.21A, in

[0060] FIG.22A provides a diagram for a prosceensts in fvoern gtion; in the form of a random and / or block copolym enerating a synthetic mucin copolymerized with another functi er made by glucose-serine monomer embodiments of the present inve onal monomer, in accordance with some [ a0c0c0o6rd1a]nc FeIG w.ith 2 s2oBm pero evmidbeosdim an e ct nhio ten sm; ofic tahle s pcrheesmenet i onfve tnhteion p;rocess of FIG.22A, in 7[ c0a0th0e6c2o]l-c FoInGta.i 2n2inCg p mroovnidoemse ar, c ahlelm oifca wlh sicchhem meay for be glu ucsuerdon aics a ‘cRid’, o sfia tlhice acid, and a monomer of FIG.22A, in accordance with some embodiments of the functional

[0063] FIG.23A provides a diagram for a process for gen present invention; in the form of a glucose-serine-co___ polymer 23 erating a synthetic mucin block sequence, in accordance with some embo20 that may have a random and / or

[0064] FIG.23B provides a chemical schdiments of the present invention; accordance with some embodiments of the preeme of the process of FIG.23A, in [ in00 t0h6e5] form FIG o.f 24 aA b pioropvoildyemse ar- dcioa-gproalmy-g folurc aos peros -sce een rst is in fvoern gteionne;rating a synthetic mucin functionalized polymer, in accordance with somne 2420 that may use an end- inventio e embodiments of the present [ a0c0c0o6rd6a]n; nc FeIG w.ith 2 s4oBm pero evmidbeosdim ae cnhtesm ofic tal scheme of the process of FIG.24A, in

[0067] FIG.25A provides a diagram fohre a p prerosceensts in fvoern gtion; using a S-S crosslinker in the form of a cystine enerating a synthetic mucin monomers when performing a process of ring crosslinker and glucose-serine deprotection to form the polymer, in accorda -opening polymerization and pres nce with some embodiments of the [ a0c0c0o6e r8n d]t inv anc Fe eIGnt w.io ith 2n s5; oB an m pd erovides a chemical scheme of the process of FIG.25A, in

[0069] Throughout t ehmeb dordaiwminegnsts, o thf the present invention. unless otherwise stated, are us e same reference numerals and characters, portions of the illust ed to denote like features, elements, components, or be desc rated embodiments. Moreover, while the subject invention will now co ribed in detail with reference to the drawings, the description is done in mondnieficcatiotionns w citahn t bhee m ilaludsetr taoti tvhee d eemsbcoridbiemde enmtsb.o Idtim isen intste wnidtheodut th daetpa crhtianges and true scope and spirit of the subject invention as defined by the appended cnlgai fmrosm. the D [ d0E is0T c0A l7o0IL su]ED re T.h D TeES he foCl elRomwIP binT ogIO dim iNsen ats de atraeiled description of embodiments of the present disclosure. However, the amoun in such detail as to clearly communicate the variations of embodiments; on tht oef c doentatrialr oyffered is not intended to limit the anticipated 8, the intention is to cover all modifications,e dqisucilvoasluernets a,s a dnedfin aeldte brnya thtivee aspp faelnlidnegd w cithin the spirit and scope of the present

[0071] Unless otherwise noted, a laims. instances of the words “a,” “an, ll measurements are in standard metric units; all that they modify; and the phras” or “the” can refer to one or more than one of the word ob e “at least one of” means one or more than one of an [ d0e0je s0c c7t ri2. b]ing A as n uusmeedric haelr veainlu, the term “about” is intended to provide flexibility in that are consistent with te and should be interpreted as encompassing variations or result of the discloshe precision of the measurement and the intended function reactions, including bed feature. In the context of polymerization or chemical time, temperatur ut not limited to monomer ratios, reagent quantities, reaction typically e, pressure, degree of polymerization, and molecular weight, “about” and m refers to a range within ±10% of the stated value, more preferably within ±5%, of theo mseta psreufreermabelnyt w teitchhinni ±q2u%e, o urn thleess se onthseitrivwitiyse o sfp theeci pfireodc oers dsic tota steudch by va thrieat aioccuracy [ a00073] Unless otherwise noted, when a range of numbers refers to numbenrss. that coren easily and routinely varied in a laboratory setting, such as weight, mass, i 2nclucdeenstra atlilo nnu,m tebmeprser inat tuhraet, r oarn pgree.ss Fuorre e,x thaemnp tlhee, t rhaeng raen ogfe n oufm 1b mergs t oor 1 m0e masgu irnecmluednetss [0.00,037.40], 4. U0n, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0 and any sub range / number therein. used mer less otherwise noted, the term “for example” or “e.g.,” as used herein, is d uisclosureel tyo b oyn wlya tyh oofse ex iatemmpsle e,x apnldici stlhyo rueldfe nrroetd b teo c ionn tshterue spde acsifi lcimatiitoinng. t Ihne a pdrdeistieonnt, pnelrefosrsm oetdhe urnwdiseer n noortmeda,l t aelml rpeearcatitounres, a procedures, and formulations were or can be

[0075] Mucus and mucin(s) p nd pressure. wide-ranging applications i lay essential roles in biological systems and have pharmaceutical, cosmetic,n bio ame number of fields including, for example, the lubricants, adhesives, moisturidical, and industrial fields, as, for example, hydrating agents. However, t zers, protective coatings, protective agents, and tissue, a process tha raditional sources of mucin rely on extraction from animal purity, poten t is time-consuming, costly, and often yields products of variable provides syntchye,ti acn mduc qiunasli tthya.t T moim aidcd trheess str tuhcetsueral li amnidta ftuionncsti,on thael p prorepseertniets d oisfc nloastuurrael 9m pucins, but can be reproducibly prepared with defined composition, architecture, [0u0ri0ty7,6 a]nd T bhioea scytnivtihtye suitable for a variety of applications. copolymers that maytic mucins disclosed herein include and / or are homopolymers or conjugates, such as ga blaect porsoduced from monomers comprising sugar–amino acid with amino acid-based s e-threonine or glucose-serine, optionally in combination mucins disclosed hereipacers such as alanine, glycine, or cysteine. The synthetic opening polymerizationn pr may be prepared through execution of a controlled ring- polymer sequence, molecocess followed by deprotection, enabling fine control over resulting mucins may beu ular weight, and branching of the resulting molecules. The applications requiring, f sed individually or in compositions for various end-use material or example, biocompatible, mucoadhesive, and / or hydrophilic

[0077] s. herein prov Tihdee synthetic mucins and their manufacturing processes as disclosed mucins a variety of benefits including, but not limited to, production of synthetic while al with greater purity and potency than traditional animal harvesting methods than traso being less expensive and / or more scalable with fewer supply chain issues her ditional animal harvesting methods. In addition, the synthetic mucins disclose ande sinug may be biodegradable because, for example, they are made from amino acids (e.g., aars that, on some occasions, may be plant-sourced thereby providing a vegan eliminatninimgal free) option for consumers who may value such an option while also traditional the carbon-producing and environmental drawbacks associated with the

[0078] D miescthloosdesd of h aenreimina al hrear vvaersitoinugs o mfe mthuocdin. some embodiments, synthesizing mucin may empslo foyr producing synthetic mucin. In and / or glucose, and amino acids such as threonine, u ssee of sugars such as galactose cysteine. The chemical diagrams of the figures repre rine, alanine, glycine, and / or acids (AA) as pentagons. For example, FIG.1As inecnlutd sugars as circles and amino diagram for galactose 110, which is represented as aes ci arcl cehe wmiical scheme or diagrammed; FIG.1B includes a chemical scheme or diagram for glucthos neo fill when is represented as a circle filled with a dot pattern when diagrammed; FIG.1120, which a chemical scheme or diagram for the amino acid threonine 130, which is reCp includes as a clear, or white-filled pentagon when diagrammed; FIG.1D includes a crehseented scheme or diagram for the amino acid serine 140, which is represented as a pentmaical filled with a dot pattern when diagramme gon 1d0; FIG.1E includes a chemical scheme ord wiagram for the amino acid cysteine 150, which is represented as a pentagon filled oith a pattern of diagonal lines when diagrammed; FIG 1F includes a chemical scheme wr diagram for the amino acid alanine 160, which is represented as a pentagon filled scithh a pattern of horizontal lines when diagrammed; and FIG 1G includes a chemical fileme or diagram for the amino acid glycine 170, which is represented as a pentagon [0l0e0d7 w9i]th a At p taimtteersn, o thfe wa rivnyg- loinpeesn winhgen diagrammed. use a solvent such as, but not limit polymerization processes described herein may dichloromethane, acetonit ed to, aprotic polar solvents (e.g., tetrahydrofuran, etc.), an initiator su rile, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), dimethyl formamide (DMF) dimethylethan ch as, but not limited to, triethylamine, butylamine, benzylamine, to, crown etolamine, HMDS, LiHMDS, etc., and / or a catalyst such as, but not limited described hehreeirn and / or HFAB. In some embodiments, the deprotection processes salt or other may utilize, for example, potassium carbonate or a similar carbonate [ e0x0e0m8p0l]ary FI sG re ynsa.g th 2e eAn ti–ts c1.1 mBuc pinrosvi idne th reepr feosrment oaftio hnosm aonpdoly cmheemrsi,ca wlh diilaegr FaImGss. o 1f2 vAa–ri2o0us illustrate exemplary synthetic mucins B embodime in the form of copolymers. In some FIGs.2A–1n1ts, synthetic mucins in the form of homopolymers (e.g., those shown in form of cB) may function effectively as lubricants, whereas synthetic mucins in the adhesivesopolymers (e.g., those shown in FIGs.12A–20B) may serve effectively as copolymer.s, Th meay sy anthetic mucins disclosed herein, whether homopolymers or membranes, and / or elso serve as hydrating and / or moisturizing agents, filtering

[0081] In particulanr,ca FpIGsu.la 2tAing pr oorv pidroetsec ativ dei materials. chemical scheme 202 of sequentially subjectingag ara gma 201 and FIG.2B provides a a process 215 of ring-opening polymerization and delpactose-serine monomer 205 to serine polymer 210, where m is between 1-150 as showrontection to form a galactose-

[0082] FIG.3A provides a diagram 301 an . 302 for d FIG.3B provides a chemical scheme threon process 215 of ring-opening polymerization and deprotection of a glucose- 1-150i anse s monomer 305 to form a glucose-threonine polymer 310, where m is between it is moreh reoawn. Use of glucose instead of galactose may be advantageous because reducing madily available and is generally less expensive than galactose, thereby unavailabilityn ouffa gcatluarcintogs ceo.s Atss s ahnodw enlim inin FaIGting potential supply-chain issues caused by 11.3B, a position of OH on glucose-threoninem coomnpoamreisro 3n0 w5it ish m gaalrakcetdos wei-tthhr aeno anrinroew m 2o1n4o,m inedri.c Aalttienrgn tahteive dliyff,e mreanntn sotesreeo mcahemistry in instead of glucose in this synthesis process. Mannose is similar to gluc y be used the OH’s position is different as marked by an arrow 212 shown in FIoGse except that example of using glucose instead of galactose to synthesize mucin i.3B. Another FIGs.4A and 4B, wherein FIG.4A provides a diagram 401 and FIG.4sB pr porvoivded by chemical scheme 402 that shows process 215 of ring-opening polymerizatioides a deprotection of a glucose-serine monomer 405 to form a glucose-serine polymn and where m is between 1-150 as shown. er 410, [ s0u0g0a8r3 a]nd In am soinmoe a ecmidb modaiym beent uss,e ad d wiffheerenn sty linkage, or connecting atom, between the provides a diagram 501 and FIG.5B providenthesizing mucin. For example, FIG.5A of ring-opening polymerization and deprots a chemical scheme 502 for process 215 505 to form a galactose-threonine poly ection of a galactose-threonine monomer

[0084] FIG.6A provides a diagramm 60e1r 5 a1n0, where m is between 1-150 as shown. 602 for process 215 of ring-opening polymerid FIG.6B provides a chemical scheme threonine monomer to form a galactose-th zation and deprotection of a galactose- between 1-150. The galactose-threoninereonine polymer 610 as shown, where m is polymer chain end than galactose-thr polymer 610 has a different end group on the 5B. In addition, galactose-threonin eonine polymer 510 depicted in FIGs.5A and

[0085] FIG.7A provides a diagream pol 7y0m1e arn 610 includes a carboxylic acid. 702 for process 215 of ring-opening polymerid FIG.7B provides a chemical scheme threonine monomer 505 to form a galactosezation and deprotection of a galactose- m is between 1-150. When compared with- gtharleonine polymer 710 as shown, where 610, galactose-threonine polymer 710 has aactose-threonine polymer 510 and / or pol different group (e.g., amine) on the [00y0m86e]r ch FaIGin. e 8xAtreme ends. 802 for process 21 p5ro ovides a diagram 801 and FIG.8B provides a chemical scheme methylated (m) f ring-opening polymerization and deprotection of a galactose- (labeled as “m-t-threonine monomer to form a galactose-m-threonine polymer 810 shown hreonine polymer” in FIGs.8A and 8B), where m is between 1-150 as [ p0r0o0ce8s7. s] th Ian some embodiments, polymerization may be accomplished by a two-step and / or serinte d)o beust, n inostt ienavdo,lv ienv aol gvleysco thseyla ated monomer (e.g., glycosylated threonine 1d2dition of a sugar such as galactose (i.e.,g alcyicdo.s Fyolart eioxna)m, apnled, / o FrIG g.lu 9cAos pero tovid ae psre a-p doialygmraemriz 9e0d1 (o arnd pr FevIGio.u 9sBly p proolvyimdeesriz aed) amino scheme 902 for a sequence of steps to form a galactose-threonine polym chemical a threonine monomer 130 undergoes a ring-opening polymerization 91er, wherein threonine polymer 910, where m = 1-150. Then, threonine polymer 910 u5n to form a process 925 of glycosylation and deprotection to form a galactose-thr dergoes a 920, wherein m = 1-150, as shown. In the deprotection step of preoocenine polymer protected glycosylated polymer is subjected to deprotection to remo ss 925, the g ve the protecting [ s0ro c0u h0p e8s m8e] in t 10 Fh 0IeG s 2.u fo 1g r0a aAr. no pthroevrid eexsam apl deia ogfr aam rea 1c0ti0o1n i annvdo FIG.10B provides a chemical polymerization, glycosylation, and deprote lving a sequence of ring-opening wherein a serine monomer 140 undergoection to form a galactose-serine polymer, a serine polymer 1010 wherein m=1-1 s a ring-opening polymerization 915 to form 925 of glycosylation and deprotec50. The serine polymer 1010 undergoes process sh tion to form a galactose-serine polymer 1020 as [ s0c0o h0w e8n m9. e] 11 F0I2G. fo 1r1 aA se pqrouveindcees o af s dteiapgsram 1101 and FIG.11B provides a chemical a threonine monomer 130 underg to form a galactose-threonine polymer, wherein enzyme or similar chemoenzy oes a ring-opening polymerization (catalyzed by an where m=1-150. Threoninematic process) 1115 to form a threonine polymer 1110, glycosylation and deprotection t poo floymer 1110 then undergoes process 925 of m=1-150 as rm a galactose-threonine polymer 1120, wherein

[0090] In s shoown. glycosylated momne embodiments, mucin polypeptides may be synthesized using a FIG.12A providesom aer and a backbone spacer (e.g., an amino acid). For example, for the generation of a di sagram 1201 and FIG.12B provides a chemical scheme 1202 polymer with a ynthetic mucin in the form of a galactose-threonine-co-alanine wherein a gln optional random (represented by “r*”) and / or block sequence 1220, monomer 5ycosylated monomer in the form of, for example, galactose-threonine sequentiall05 and a spacer in the form of, for example, an alanine monomer 160 are to form galayc stuobsjee-cthteredo toni pnreo-cceos-asla 2n1i5ne of p roinlygm-oepre wniinthg a pnol oypmtieornizaalt riaonnd aonmd d aenpdr / ootre bction sequence 1220, wherein m=1-150 and n=1-50 as shown. Diagram 1201 also provilock a diagram of an exemplary random and / des 13or block sequence 1225 for galactose-t fhreonine-co-alanine polymer with a random and / or block sequence 1220, wherein a tihrsreto alanine monomer 160 is positioned between a second and third galactose- and fnoinuer monomer 505, a second alanine monomer 160 is positioned between a third positionetdh af gtearlactose-threonine monomer 505, and an alanine monomer 160 is in the art will re a seventh galactose-threonine monomer 505 as shown. Those of skill threonine-cocognize that many other random and / or block sequences for galactose- random and / -oarla bnloince polymer with a random and / or block sequence 1220 (e.g., and within the scopek o sfe tquences other than the one shown in FIG.12A) are possible [ 1030A0 p9r1o]vid FeIsG as. d 1ia3gAra amndh 11i 33s 0B de 1 ps arnoc dvriipdt Feio IG an .n a 1on 3thd Be i prn r ev oxe van idmtio epn sle. a o cfh uesming a spacer, wherein FIG. generation of a synthetic mucin in the form of a galactoicsael- sthcheme 1302 for the polymer with an optional random (represented by “r*”) and / or breonine-co-glycine wherein a glycosylated monomer in the form of, for example,lo gcakla sequence 1320, monomer 505 and a spacer in the form of, for example, and glycine mocntose-threonine sequentially subjected to process 215 of ring-opening polymerization omer 170 are to form galactose-threonine-co-glycine polymer with a random an and deprotection 1320, wherein m=1-150 and n=1-50 as shown. Diagram 1301 alsod p / orr block sequence of an exemplary random and / or block sequence 1325 for galactoosveid-tehs a diagram glycine polymer with a random and / or block sequence 1320, wherein a frieronine-co- monomer 170 is positioned between a second and third galactose-threoninst glycine 505, a second glycine monomer 17 e monomer g 0 is positioned between a third and fourth seavlactose-threonine monomer 505, and a glycine monomer 170 is positioned after a recoegnnth galactose-threonine monomer 505 as shown. Those of skill in the art will co-glyize that many other random and / or block sequences for galactose-threonine- blockc siene polymer with a random and / or block sequence 1320 (e.g., random and / or scope ofq tuheisnces other than the one shown in FIG.13A) are possible and within the [ u0s0in0g92 a] gly FcIoG d sse y.s la 1c te4ri dApt-i m1o4n oF an no pd mro i evn riv ade nent d dio aian ng. aramminso o afci tdhe in g feonrmera otfio anlan oif a synthetic mucin or glycine (FIGs.14D-14F) as a spacer to form random copolynmee (FrsIG as.14A-14C) copolymers. In particular, FIG.14A provides a diagram 1401 wherein an gda / or block sepreinneing m poonloymmeerriz 2a0t5ion an adnd an de aplarontien lactose- o cetio mnonomer 160 undergo process 215 of ring- 1 t4o form a random and / or block galactose-s wehreinre-co-alanine copolymer 1410 as shown. FIG.14B provides a diagram 1402 proceesins 2 a1 glucose-threonine monomer 305 and an alanine monomer 160 undergo block g 5 of ring-opening polymerization and deprotection to form a random and / or diagrlucose-threonine-co-alanine copolymer 1420 as shown. FIG.14C provides a undeargmo 1 p4r03 wherein a glucose-serine monomer 505 and an alanine monomer 160 random ando / coess 215 of ring-opening polymerization and deprotection to form a provides a dr block glucose-serine-co-alanine copolymer 1430 as shown. FIG.14D monomer 170ia ugnradme 1404 wherein a galactose-serine monomer 205 and a glycine to form random argo process 215 of ring-opening polymerization and deprotection FIG.14E provnd / or block galactose-serine-co-glycine copolymer 1440 as shown. glycine monomideers 1 a diagram 1405 wherein a glucose-threonine monomer 305 and deprotection to form7 a0 undergo process 215 of ring-opening polymerization and 1450 as shown. FIG random and / or block glucose-threonine-co-glycine copolymer 505 and glycine mon.o 14F provides a diagram 1406 wherein glucose-serine monomer and deprotection to fmer 170 undergo process 215 of ring-opening polymerization 1460 a orm a random and / or block glucose-serine-co-glycine copolymer [0 s shown. sc0h0e9m3e] 1 F50IG2.15A provides a diagram 1501 and FIG.15B provides a chemical threonine-co-c for the generation of a synthetic mucin in the form of a galactose- for example,ysteine polymer 1520, wherein a glycosylated monomer in the form of, example, a cys gtaeliactose-threonine monomer 505 and a spacer in the form of, for opening polymerne monomer 150 are sequentially subjected to process 215 of ring- polymer 15 ization and deprotection to form a galactose-threonine-co-cysteine a diagram2 o0f a wnhe erxee m = 1-150 and n = 1-50 as shown. Diagram 1501 also provides cysteine polymer mplary 3-3-4 block sequence 1525 for galactose-threonine-co- between a third 1520, wherein a block of three cysteine monomers 150 is positioned threonine-co-cy and fourth galactose-threonine monomer 505 within galactose- in the art thatsteine polymer 1520 as shown. It will be understood by those of skill example, the t bhe block sequence can vary from the 3-3-4 block sequence shown. For other approprialtoec bk sequence may be a 2-2-5 sequence, a 5-5-3 sequence, or any [ c0o0p0o9ly4m]er In u ssoinmgelo , f ec omk rb seoq edu xiame men pnce ltes. ,, m gaulacicntos mea-tyhre boeni snyen,th ceyssizteeidne a,s a and r / oarndo gmlyci tri- monomers. For example, FIG.16A provid ne 1e5s a diagram 1601 and FIG.16B provides ac (rheepmreicsaeln stecdhe amse “ 1r*6”0)2 tr fio-cro tphoely gmeneerra wtiiothn g oafl aac styonsteh-etthicre monuicnine, in cy thsete fionrem, o afn ad r galnydcoinm 1620 that may have a random and / or block s e galac equence. Random tri-copolymer with threontoinse-threonine, cysteine, and glycine 1620 may be formed from a galactose- are simuelt manoenooumer 505, a cysteine monomer 150, and a glycine monomer 170 that deprotection to fsolyr subjected to process 215 of ring-opening polymerization and glycine 1620, wherm random tri-copolymer with galactose-threonine, cysteine, and provides a diagrame o mf a =n 1 e-1xe50, n = 1-50, and o = 1-150 as shown. Diagram 1601 also tri-copolymer with galactose-mplary random and / or block sequence 1625 for random a sequence of two galactosthreonine, cysteine, and glycine 1620, with, for example, a first cysteine monomer 150e-threonine monomers 505, a first glycine monomer 170, monomer 150, three galactos,e a- sthecond glycine monomer 170, and a second cysteine 150 and a galactose-threonine morenoonmine monomers 505, a third cysteine monomer recognize that many other random and / eorr 5 b05 as shown. Those of skill in the art will with galactose-threonine, cysteine, and glock sequences for random tri-copolymer sequences other than the one shown in FIGly.c 1in6eA) 1620 (e.g., random and / or block of this d are possible and within the scope

[0095] es FcrIGipt.io 1n7 and invention. scheme 1702 for thAe p greonveidraetsi a diagram 1701 and FIG.17B provides a chemical by galactose-threonine copoolyn of a synthetic mucin in the form of a copolymer made may have a random and / or blomcker sizeeqdu with another functional monomer 1720 that 17B represents the name of the functioennacle, wherein the “___” of the FIGs.17A and 215 of ring-opening polymerization and m doenpormoter used when performing process threonine-co___ polymer 1720 may be formed bye scutibon. In particular, galactose- monomer 505 and another functional monomer 1705 toje pcrting a galactose-threonine polymerization and deprotection to form galactose-threocess 215 of ring-opening where m = 1-150 and n = 1-50 as shown. Diagram 1701on ailnsoe- pcoro_v_i_ polymer 1720, an exemplary random and / or block sequence 1725 for galactosed-tehsre ao diagram of polymer 1720, wherein a first functional monomer 1705 is positionedn bientew-co___ second and a third galactose-threonine monomer 505, a second functional moneoemn a 1705 is positioned between the third and a fourth galactose-threonine monomer 50e5r and a third functional monomer 1705 is positioned after a seventh galactose-threon, monomer 505 as shown. FIG.17C provides ine 16 chemical structure for glucuronic acid1 u730, sialic acid 1735, and a cathecol-containing monomer 1740, all of which may be msoendom ase ‘R’ of the functional monomer 1705. In some embodiments, functional

[0096] r 1 F7IG05.1 m8ay increase adhesion of the polymer and / or synthetic mucin. scheme 1802 forA the pro gveindeersa a diagram 1801 and FIG.18B provides a chemical threonine-co___ polymer 182t0ion t of a synthetic mucin in the form of a galactose- wherein the “___” represents the nhaamte m oay have a random and / or block sequence, process 215 of ring-opening polymerif a cysteine derivative used when performing “random”. In particular, galactose-thzation and deprotection and “r” represents subjecting a galactose-threonine mroenonine-co___ polymer 1820 may be formed by process 215 of ring-opening polymeroizmaetr 505 and a cysteine derivative 1805 to threonine-co___ polymer 1820, where m =io 1n- and deprotection to form galactose- 1801 also provides a diagram of an exemplary15 ra0n adnodm n a = 1-50 as shown. Diagram for galactose-threonine-co___ polymer 1820, wherein and / or block sequence 1825 is positioned between a second and a third galactos first cysteine derivative 1805 second cysteine derivative 1805 is positioned betwee-ethnreonine monomer 505, a galactose-threonine monomer 505, and a third cysteine deriv tahe third and a fourth after a seventh galactose-threonine monomer 505 as shown.tive 1805 is positioned [ s0c0h0e9m7e] 19 F0IG.19A provides a diagram 1901 and FIG.19B provides a chemical poly-galac2 for the generation of a synthetic mucin in the form of a biopolymer-co- poly lacttose-threonine 1920 that may use an end-functionalized polymer, such as monomerics a 5c0id (PLA) or poly glycolic acid (PGA) 1910 and galactose-threonine deprotection to5 when performing process 215 of ring-opening polymerization and 150 and n = 1-5 form the biopolymer-co-poly-galactose-threonine 1920, where m = 1- monomers 505 a0nd as P sLhAown. Chemical scheme 1902 shows how galactose-threonine deprotection to form P may undergo process 215 of ring-opening polymerization and scheme 1902 also shoLwA-co-poly-galactose-threonine 1920-A as shown. Chemical undergo process 215 of rsing h-oowpe galactose-threonine monomers 505 and PGA may co-poly-galactose-threonine 1 ning polymerization and deprotection to form PGA- [ c0ro0s0s9l8in]ker In fo srom suepe ermiobro addimhe9 en2 sit0 vse,-B a a pr ss oy s pnh eto rhw tieetn sic. . m Fourci enxa mmayple b,e F fIoGrm.e 2d0A us pinrogvi ade Ss-S diangthraemtic 2 m00u1ci ann udsi FnIgG a.2 S0-BS p crroovsisdleinsk aer c ihnem a sy ical scheme 2002 for the generation of a 17 the form of a cystine crosslinker 2005 andg paollayctose-threonine monomers 505 when performing process 215 of ring-opening thrmerization and deprotection to form a polymer 2020 (core cystine-co-galactose- 200e1o,ni anne e pxoelymer), where m = 1-150 as shown. In addition, as shown in diagram positioned bemtplary sequence for polymer 2020 includes a cystine crosslinker 2005

[0099] FIGsw.e 2e1nA se atnsd of 2 f1our galactose-threonine monomers 505 as shown. 2102, respectively, of a proceBss d feopric tt a diagram and a chemical scheme 2101 and a glucose-serine-co-cysteine polymhe generation of a synthetic mucin in the form of 215 of ring-opening polymerizatione ar 2120 that may be formed by performing process 405 and cysteine monomers 150 ton fodrm dep grotection upon glucose-serine monomers where m = 1-150 and n = 1-50 as shown. Chelumcoicse-serine-co-cysteine polymer 2120, serine monomers 405 and cysteine monomers 15a0l s mchaeym une 2102 shows how glucose- opening polymerization and deprotection to form glucose-dergo process 215 of ring- 2120 as shown, wherein random is represented with “r*”s.erine-co-cysteine polymer diagram 2101, exemplary random and / or block sequence 212 In5 a foddition, as shown in cysteine polymer 2120, wherein three cysteine monomers 150 arr glucose-serine-co- a first and second glucose-serine monomer 405 and a fourth cyest peositioned between is positioned after a third ine monomer 150 [000 glucose-serine monomer 405 as shown. sche1m0e0] 22 F0IG2. fo 2r2 tA provides a diagram 2201 and FIG.22B provides a chemical by glucose-serinehe m goeneration of a synthetic mucin in the form of a copolymer made 1705 that may have a rnaonmdeorm 4 a05 copolymerized with another functional monomer 22A and 22B represents the namnde / o orf block sequence, wherein the “___” of the FIGs. process 215 of ring-opening polymeriz thae functional monomer used when performing serine-co___ polymer 2220 may be fortion and deprotection. In particular, glucose- 405 and another functional monommered 1 b7y05 sub tjecting a glucose-serine monomer polymerization and deprotection to form glucose-soeri process 215 of ring-opening m = 1-150 and n = 1-50 as shown. Diagram 2201n aels-oco p_r_o_vi pdoelsymer 2220, where exemplary random and / or block sequence 2225 for glucose-serine a-c doi_a_gram of an 2220, wherein a first functional monomer 1705 is positioned between a sec_on polymer third glucose-serine monomer 405, a second functional monomer 1705 is posdit aiond a b metween the third and a fourth glucose-serine monomer 405, and a third functionneadl proonvoidmeser c 1h7e0m5ic isal p sotsruitciotunreed fo arfte grlu acu grluocnoicse-serine monomer 405 as shown. FIG.22C 1 a8cid 1730, sialic acid 1735, and a cathecol-c 1ontaining monomer 1740, all of which may be used as ‘R’ of the functional monomer p7o05. In some embodiments, functional monomer 1705 may increase adhesion of the [ s0c0ly h0m e1m0e e1r] an 23 Fd 0IG / o 2.r s fo 2y r3n tAth he pe grt eoic nvi m edreu ascin tio a. n o dfia agr saymnth 2e3ti0c1 m auncdin F inIG th.e 2 f3oB provides a chemical co___ polymer 2320 that may have a random and / or block srmeq ouf a glucose-serine- “___” represents the name of a cysteine derivative used when perence, wherein the of ring-opening polymerization and deprotection and “r” repforming process 215 particular, glucose-serine-co___ polymer 2320 may be formreesents “random”. In glucose-serine monomer 405 and a cysteine derivative 1805 to pdro by subjecting a opening polymerization and deprotection to form glucose-serin cess 215 of ring- where m = 1-150 and n = 1-50 as shown. Diagram 2301 alsoe p-croov_i_d_ polymer 2320, an exemplary random and / or block sequence 2325 for glucose-serinee-s a diagram of 2320, wherein a first cysteine derivative 1805 is positioned betwe co___ polymer third glucose-serine monomer 405, a second cysteine derivativee 1n a second and a between the third and a fourth glucose-serine monomer 405, and80 a5 is positioned derivative 1805 is positioned after a seventh glucose-serine mono third cysteine [000102] FIG.24A provides a diagram 2401 and FIG.24B prmoveirde 4s05 a as c shown. scheme 2402 for the generation of a synthetic mucin in the form of a biopolyhemical poly-glucose-serine 2420 that may use an end-functionalized polymer, s mer-co- lactic acid (PLA) or poly glycolic acid (PGA) 1910 and glucose-serine much as poly when performing process 215 of ring-opening polymerization and depronomers 405 the biopolymer-co-poly-glucose-serine 2420, where m = 1-150 an otection to form Chemical scheme 2402 shows how glucose-serine monomersd 4 n0 =51 a-5n0d as shown. undergo process 215 of ring-opening polymerization and deprotection to fo PLA may co-poly-glucose-serine 2420-A as shown. Chemical scheme 2402 also shormws PLA- glucose-serine monomers 405 and PGA how p may undergo process 215 of ring-opening solymerization and deprotection to form PGA-co-poly-glucose-serine 2420-B as [ s0h c0o h0w1n0.3] FIG.25A provides a diagram 2501 and FIG.25B provides a chemical formeme 2502 for the generation of a synthetic mucin using a S-S crosslinker in the pr of a cystine crosslinker 2005 and glucose-serine monomers 405 when performing (ao ccoerses c 2y1s5ti onfe r-icnog--golpuecnosineg-s peorliynmee proizlaymtioen and deprotection to form the polymer 2520 1r92520), where m = 1-150 as shown. Ina cydsdtiitnioen, c as shown in diagram 2501, an exemplary sequence for polymer includes a 405 arosslinker 2005 positioned between sets of four glucose-serine monomers [00s shown. and01 d0is4c]us Its is noted that the random and / or block sequences depicted in the figures sequences aerde h peorsesinibl aere exemplary only and that many other random and / or block also noted that the block a snedqu within the scope of this description and invention. It is exemplary only and that manye onthceers b dlepicted in the figures and discussed herein are this description and ock sequences are possible within the scope of [000105] In invention. preparation o sfo am seyn etmhebodiments, the present disclosure provides a method for the such embodiments, thetic m metuhcoidn, m wherein the synthetic mucin is a homopolymer. In consist ay comprise a process selected from the group Ain)g ( o p1f o): ly smubejreizcatintiogn a g toala foctromse a-se prrinoete mctoendom gaelra ocft Formula (205) to ring-opening deprotecting the protected galactose-serineo psoely-smeerirn teo p foorlmymer; and (2) serine polymer of Formula (210), wherein m is from 1 to 150; a galactose-B) ( o1p)en siunbgje pcotlinymge ariz galtuiocnos toe- ftohrrmeo ani pnreo monomer of Formula (305) to ring- (2) deprotecting the protected glucosete-cthteredo gnliuncose-threonine polymer; and threonine polymer of Formula (310), wherein me is po frlyomme 1r t too f 1o5rm0; a glucose- 20C) ( p1) subjecting a glucose-serine monomer of Formula (405) to ring-opening doelpyrmoteerciztiation to form a protected glucose-serine polymer; and (2) polymer onfg Fo thrmeu plraot (e4c1t0e)d, w glhuecroesien- mser isin fero pmoly 1m toer 1 t5o0 f;orm a glucose-serineD) ( is1) a sub linjekcintingg a ato gmalac steolesect-ethdre fornoimne O m,on So,m NerH o,f F oorrmula (505), wherein X' polymerization to form a protected galactose-threon CinHe2, to ring-opening deprotecting the protected galactose-threonine polymer to p folymer; and (2) threonine polymer of Formula (510), wherein m is from 1 toor 1m50 a; galactose- 21E) ( o1p)en suinbgje pcotinlygm aeri gzaaltaiocnto tsoe- ftohrrmeo anin pero mteoctneodm gearla ocfto Fsoer-mthurleaon (5in0e5) p tooly rminegr- and (2) deprotecting the protected galactose-threonine polymer to form a; galactose-threonine polymer of Formula (610), wherein m is from 1 to 150;F) ( o1p)en suinbgje pcotinlygm aeri gzaaltaiocnto tsoe- ftohrrmeo anin pero mteoctneodm gearla ocfto Fsoer-mthurleaon (5in0e5) p tooly rminegr- and (2) deprotecting the protected galactose-threonine polymer to form a; galactose-threonine polymer of Formula (710), wherein m is from 1 to 150; 22G) ( o1p)e snuinbgje pcotilnygm aer gizaalatctose-m-threonine monomer of Formula (805) to ring- and (2) deprotectingio thne to pr footremct aed pr goatleacctteod galactose-m-threonine polymer; galactose-m-threonine polymer of Formuslae- (m81-t0h)r,e wonhienreei pnol mym iser fr toom form a 150; 1 toH) ( p1o)ly smuebrjiezcattiinogn a to t fhreonine monomer of Formula (130) to ring-opening from 1 to 150 repeaotr umni ats; th (2re)o gnlyinceos pyolalytimnger th of Formula (910) comprising reacting hydroxyl groups of threonine units withe a th greaolancintoese po dlyomnoerr t (o9 f1o0) by protected galactose-threonine polymer; and rm a galactose-threon (3) deprotecting the protected Formula (920), wihneere pinol mym iser fro tom y 1ie told 15 a0; g aanladctose-threonine polymer of 23I) ( p1o)lym suebrjizeacttiinogn to a fo sremrin ae se mrinoeno pmolyemre orf of F Foormrmuulala ( (1104100)) t coom ripnrg-opening 1 to 150 repeat units; (2) glycosylating the serine polym ising from hydroxyl groups of serine units with a galactos er (1010) by reacting galactose-serine polymer; and (3) depro e donor to form a protected serine polymer to yield a galactos tecting the protected galactose- wherein m is from 1 to 150. e-serine polymer of Formula (1020),[ p0r0e0p1a0ra6t]io Inn o sfo am seyn etmhebtiocd mimuecnints,, w thheere pirnes theent sy dnisthcleotsicur meu provides a method for the embodiments, the method comprises a proce cin is a copolymer. In such J) (1) subjecting a galact ss selected from the group consisting of: alanine monomer ofos Feo-rthreonine monomer of Formula (505) and an polymerization to form a pmula (160) to simultaneous ring-opening comprising a ra rotected galactose-threonine-co-alanine polymer alanine units; annddo (m2) a dnedp / roorte bcltoincgk s theequ pernocteect oefd g gaalalacctotossee-t-hthrereoonnininee- acnod- 24a Floarnminue polymer to yield a galactose-threonine-co-alanine polymer of w unhietsre ailna nd m (1 a a2 lan2 nd0) in n, e a urenit ins,te rgeesprse rcetipvreelys,e anntidng m a is nu fmber of galactose-threonine to 50; rom 1 to 150 and n is from 1K) ( g1ly)c subjecting a galactose-threonine monomer of Formula (505) and a polyimneeriz matoionnom toe frorm of a F porormteuctlaed g (1a7la0c)tos toe- simultaneous ring-opening comprising a random a threonine-co-glycine polymer gly nd / or block sequence of galactose-threonine and glycciinnee u pnoitlysm; aenrd to (2) yi deeldpro atec gtainlagc the protected galactose-threonine-co- Formula (1320), wherein m and n atorese in-tthergeeornsin ree-pcroe-sgelynctiinnge a p noulymmbeerr of galactose-threonine units and glycine units, res of 150 and n is from 1 to 50; pectively, and m is from 1 to25L) ( m1o)n soumbjeecrt oinfg F aor gmaulalact (o1s6e0-s)e torin seim muoltnaonmeoeurs of ri Fnogr-mopuelani (n2g05 p)o alynmde arniza atlianine form a protected galactose-serine-co-alanine polymer comprising on to and / or block sequence of galactose-serine and alanine units; a a rannddom deprotecting the protected galactose-serine-co-alanine polymer t (2) galactose-serine-co-alanine polymer of Formula (1410), whereo yield a are integers representing a number of galactose-serine units ainn m and n units, respectively, and m is from 1 to 150 and n is from 1 to 50;d alanineM) ( a1la)n sinubjecting a glucose-threonine monomer of Formula (305) and an polymeeriz matoionnomer of Formula (160) to simultaneous ring-opening comprising a to form a protected glucose-threonine-co-alanine polymer alanine units; r aannddom and / or block sequence of glucose-threonine and alanine polymer (2) deprotecting the protected glucose-threonine-co- (1420), wher to yield a glucose-threonine-co-alanine polymer of Formula threonine unietsin m and n are integers representing a number of glucose- n is from 1 to 50 a;nd alanine units, respectively, and m is from 1 to 150 and 26)A48).)3, <4=%N>3M9?63N).)3M%NM848).)3,ON4R(36, <4=%N>3M9?63N).)3,(N)N(36 aN)N(36 (@,GMGAB DBA, GEB )@,GMAB, N) (1) subjecting a glucose-ser GC:B monomer of Formula (160) tione si mmounltoamner of Formula (405) and an alanine form a protected glucose-serine-co-alaeous ring-opening polymerization to and / or block sequence of glucose-senrininee po alnydmer comprising a random deprotecting the protected glucose-serine-co-alan ainlanine units; and (2) glucose-serine-co-alanine polymer of Formula (1430),e w phoelymer to yield a integers representing a number of glucose-serine units anredin al man and n are respectively, and m is from 1 to 150 and n is from 1 to 50; ine units, DA48D.D3, <4=%N>3M>36.D3M%NM848D.D3,ON4RC36, <4=%N>3M>36.D3,CNDNC36 CNDNC36 C?,GMG@A BA@ GaA D?,GM@A, O) (1) subjecting a galactose-serine monomer of Formul GB)A monomer of Formula (170) to simultaneous ring-openain (g20 p5o)l and a glycine form a protected galactose-serine-co-glycine polymer comprymerization to and / or block sequence of galactose-serine and glycinei usninitgs; a a ranndom deprotecting the protected galactose-serine-co-glycine polymer to yide (2) galactose-serine-co-glycine polymer of Formula (1440), wherein m anldd a n 27a urneits in,t reegsepresct rieveprlye,s aenndtin mg is a f nroummb 1e tro o 1f5 g0a alancdto nse is-s freormine 1 u toni 5ts0; and glycine D( > P) (1) subjecting (??> monomer of F aor gmluuclaos (e1-7threonine monomer of Formula (305) and a glycine form a protected gluco0s)e t-oth srimultaneous ring-opening polymerization to random and / or block sequencee oofn gilnuec-ocso-glycine polymer comprising a (2) deprotecting the protected glucose-three-threonine and glycine units; and a glucose-threonine-co-glycine polymer ofo Fnine-co-glycine polymer to yield n are integers representing a number of glucoosrem-uthlare (1450), wherein m and units, respectively, and m is from 1 to 150 and n is froonmin 1e t uon 5it0s; and glycine )<4R%.)3, <4=%N>3M9?63N).)3M%NM / 4R%.)3,ON4R(36, <4=%N>3M9?63N).)3,(N)N(36 aN)N(36 (@,GMGAB DBA GEB )@,GMAB, Q) (1) subjecting a glucose-serine GCAB monomer of Formula (170) to sim muolntaonmeeorus of ri Formula (405) and a glycine form a protected glucose-serine-co-glycine ponlg-opening polymerization to and / or block sequence of glucose-serine anydme grly ccoimnepri usninig a random deprotecting the protected glucose-serine-co-glycine polymerts; to a ynid (2) glucose-serine-co-glycine polymer of Formula (1460), wherein m ande nld ar ae 28i rnetsepgeecrtsiv reelyp,re asnedn mtin igs f aro nmum 1b toer 1 o5f0 g alnudco nse is-s freormine 1 u tonit 5s0; and glycine units, D:O3%,DNG :O;% / <N.<N4,DN.% / .-O3%,DNGM / O3&N4G :O;% / <N.<N4,DNG& / D / &N4 B / D / &N4 &=G(.(>? @?> (C? D=G(.>?G R) (1) subjecting a galacto (@A? cysteine monomer ofs Feo-trhreonine monomer of Formula (505) and a polymerization to form a prmula (150) to simultaneous ring-opening copolymer compri otected galactose-threonine-co-cysteine block cysteine uni sing a block of galactose-threonine units and a block of cysteine blotsc;k an cdop (2o)ly dmeeprrot teocti ynigeld the a pr goatelacctetods gea-tlharcetoosnein-eth-rceoo-cnyinsete-cio- polymer of Formula (1520), wherein m and n are integers representine number of galactose-threonine units and cysteine units, respec ng a is from 1 to 150 and n is from 1 to 50; tively, and mS) ( m1o)n soumbjeecrt oinfg a galactose-threonine monomer of Formula (505), a cysteine simultaneous F roinrgm-ouplaen (1in5g0) p,o alynmde ariz galyticoinne to m foornmom ae prro otefc Fteodrm trui-lcao (p1o7ly0m)e tor 29c coysmtepirnisein agnd a gly racnindeo umnit as;n adn / odr (2 b)lo dcekpro seteqcutienngc tehe o pfro gtaelactose-threonine, to yield a galactose-threonine-co-cystei cted tri-copolymer (1620), wherein m, n, and o are ne-co-glycine polymer of Formula galactose-throeo 15ni0n,e n u insit fsro, integers representing a number of m is from 1 t m cys 1te toin 5e0 u annitds a on ids g frloymcin 1e t uon 1it5s0,; respectively, andT) ( fu1n)c stiuobnjaelcti mngon ao galactose-threonine monomer of Formula (505) and a polymeriza mer of Formula (1705) to simultaneous ring-opening bl tion to form a protected copolymer comprising a random and / or (2o)c dke speroqtueecnticneg o thfe ga plraoctteocstee-dth creooponliynmee arnd to fu yniecldtio ana clo mpoonomer units; and (1720), wherein m and n are integers representi lymer of Formula threonine units and functional monome ng a number of galactose- to 150 and n is from 1 to 50; r units, respectively, and m is from 1wherein R is selected from Formula (1730), (1735), and (1740); 30U) ( c1y)st seuibjecting a galactose-threonine monomer of Formula (505) and a polymneeriza dteiorinva ttive of Formula (1805) to simultaneous ring-opening block sequenceo o ffo grmala act protected copolymer comprising a random and / or (2) deprotecting the protecotse-threonine and cysteine derivative units; and cysteine polymer of Formeudla co (polymer to yield a galactose-threonine-co- representing a number of galactos1e8-2th0r)e,o wnihnerein m and n are integers units, respectively, and m is from 1 to 150 aned u nn iists fr aonmd 1 cy toste 5i0n;e derivativewherein R is selected from Formula (1730), (1735), and (1740);31V) ( la1c)t sicub ajeccidting (P aLA ga)la ocftos Feo-rtmhrueloani (n1e91 m0o-nAo)m teor o sfim Fuorltmanuelaou (5s05 r)in agn-d a poly polymerization to form a protected copolymer comprising a opening block sequence of galactose-threonine and PLA units; random and / or the protected copolymer to yield a PLA-co-pol and (2) deprotecting polymer of Formula (1920-A), wherein m and n y-galactose-threonine number of galactose-threonine units a are integers representing a from 1 to 150 and n is from 1 to 50;nd PLA units, respectively, and m isW) ( g1ly)c soulbicje actcinidg ( aP gGaAla)ct oofse F-othrmreuolnain (e19 m1o0n-Bom)e tor o sfim Fourlmtaunleao (u5s05 r)in agnd a poly polymerization to form a protected copolymer comprising -opening block sequence of galactose-threonine and PGA units a random and / or the protected copolymer to yield a PGA-co-po; and (2) deprotecting polymer of Formula (1920-B), wherein m and ly-galactose-threonine number of galactose-threonine units a n are integers representing a from 1 to 150 and n is from 1 to 50;nd PGA units, respectively, and m is 32X) ( c1y)st sinueb cjercotsinsglink aer g oafla Fcotormseu-ltahr (e2o0n0i5n)e to m rionngo-omer of Formula (505) and a a protected copolymer; and (2 pening polymerization to form yield a galactose ) deprotecting the protected copolymer to (2020) and / or a c-othrere coynsintiene p-cooly-gmaelarc ctorosses-tlhinrkeeodnin bey p coylsytmineer o off Formula (2020 Formula w thhreeore) ni; inne m u insit asn p inretesgeenrt f inro emac 1h to 150, representing a number of galactose- crosslinks. polymer chain segment flanked by cystineY) ( m1o)n soumbjeecrt oinfg Fo ar gmluuclaos (1e5-s0e)r tione rin mgo-noopmeneinrg of p Foolyrmmeurlai (405) and a cysteine protected copolymer; and (2) deprotecting t zation to form a a glucose-serine-co-cyste he protected copolymer to yield are integers re ine polymer of Formula (2120); wherein m and n units, respectivperley,se anntdin mg a is n fruommbe 1r to of 1 g5lu0c aonsde- nse isrin freom un 1its to a 5n0d; cysteine 33Z) ( fu1n)c stuiobnjeaclt minogn aom gluecro osfe F-osremrinuela m (1o7n5o0m)er of Formula (405) and another form a protected cop to ring-opening polymerization to t olymer; and (2) deprotecting the protected copolymer aon ydie nld ar ae g inlutecogseers-s reerpinrees-ceon-t_in_g__ a_ n puomlybmeer of Formula (2220); wherein m other funcotio 5n0a;l monomer r of glucose-serine units and is from 1 t units, respectively, and m is from 1 to 150 and nAA) deri 1v)a stiuvbeje ocft Finogrm au glaluc (1o8s0e5-s)e torine monomer of Formula (405) and cysteine p ar goltueccotesde- csoeprionleym-coer-;_ a_n_d__ (2 p)o dlye r mpinrg eo- rtoep ocfte Finn ogin rm tghue po la ply (r2om 3teecritzeadti coonp tooly fomremr a to yield are integers representing a number o 20); wherein m and n derivative units, respectively, and m isf g frloumco 1se to-s 1e5ri0ne an udnit ns i asn frdo cmys 1te toin 5e0; 34BB) lact (ic1) a scuidbj (ePcLtiAn)g t ao g rinlugc-oospee-nsierine monomer of Formula (405) and poly copolymer; and (2) deprotectinngg t phoely pmroetreizcatetidon co topo folyrmme ar p toro ytieeclted co-poly-glucose-serine polymer of Formul d a PLA- integers representing a (2420A); wherein m and n are respectively, and m is a fro nmum 1b teor 1 o5f0 gl auncdos ne- isse frroinme 1 un toits 5 a0n;d PLA units,CC) glyc (o1l)ic su abcjiedc (tPinGgA a) g tolu rcinogse-o-speerninine monomer of Formula (405) and poly copolymer; and (2) deprotecting thge p porloymteectreizdat cioonpo tolym foermr to a y pireoldte acted co-poly-glucose-serine polymer of Formula ( PLA- integers representing a n 2420B); wherein m and n are respectively, and m is fromum 1b teor 1 o5f0 gl auncdos ne- isse frroinme 1 un toits 5 a0n;d an PdGA units, 35DD) cys (ti1n)e subjecting a glucose-serine monomer of Formula (405) and a form a p crrootss linker of Formula (2005) to ring-opening polymerization to to a core cyescted copolymer; and (2) deprotecting the protected copolymer is an integert rine-co-glucose-serine polymer of Formula (2520); wherein m 1 to 150. epresenting a number of glucose-serine units and m is from[ p0r0e0p1a0ra7t] In some embodiments, the ring-opening polymerization used in the in the prieosne onfc tehe of s ayn sthoelvteicn mt.u Incin ce (rwtahienth seurc hho emmobpoodlyimmeenrt osr, c thoepo sloylmveenr)t i iss c aanrr aied out polar solvent. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, te protic dichloromethane (DCM), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), d trahydrofuran (THF), acetonitrile. The solvent may be used in an amouimethyl formamide (DMF) and react nt sufficient to solubilize the [ in0i0ti0a1a to0n r8ts .]. Th Ine i snoitmiaeto ermbodiments, the ring-opening polymerization is initiated by an in a catalytic or s may be, for example, a nucleophile or base and may be present selected from thetoi gcrhoioumpe ctroicns aismtionugnt o.f In particular embodiments, the initiator is 36 triethylamine, butylamine, benzylamine,d hiemxeatmhyeltehtyhladnisoillaazmidinee (,LiHMD heSx)a.m Theethy mldoilsairla rzaatnioe of init (iHatMorD tSo), monom anedr may lithium from about 0.01:1 to about 1:1. range [ a00 ca0t1a0ly9s]t. In Th ceer ctaaitnal eymsbodiments, the polymerization is carried out in the presence of from the group consistitn mga oyf c farocwilinta eteth tehres r ainngd-o hpeexnafinlugor poraoncteimsson aantde- cbaanse bde c saetlaelcytsetd (HFAB). The catalyst is typically used in a catalytic amount, e.g., in a m s about 0.001:1 to about 0 olar ratio of [00 .5:1 with respect to the monomer. enz0y1m1e0] or In is so cmarerie edm obuotd uimsienngts a, t chheem rinoge-nozpyemniantgic p poolylymmeerrizizaatitoionn is pr coatalyzed by an enzymes may include lipases or esterases known to catalyz cess. Suitable esters or si e ring-opening of cyclic [000111] Tmheilar ri mngo-noomers. ranging from abo pening polymerization may be conducted at a temperature dependi ut 0°C to about 80°C, more typically from about 20°C to about 60°C, catalystn (igf a onny) th uese rde.a Tchtievit ryea ocfti tohne ti mmoen momayer rsan agned fr tohme, n faotru erexa omfp tlhee, a inbiotiator and / or about 72 hours, 1-3 days, 1-5 days, 1-7 days, 3-5 days, or 10 days ut 1 hour to example, the desired degree of polymerization. In som , depending on, for polymerization process, or a portion thereof, ma e cases, a ring-opening atmospheric conditions, such as a vacuum an y be performed under specific [000112] The reaction mixture may d / or increased atmospheric pressure. nitrogen or argon, and deprot be stirred under an inert atmosphere such as out using standa ection of the resulting protected polymer may be carried employ rd basic or acidic conditions, depending on the protecting groups [ s0e0le0c1t1e3e d]d. fr Ionm so thmee g eromubpod coimnesinsttsin,g th oef p Froersmeunlta d (i2sc1l0o)s,u Freorm pruolvaides a synthetic mucin Formula (510), Formula (610), Formula (710), Form (310), Formula (410), (1220), Formula (1320), Formula (1410 ula (810), Formula (920), Formula (1440), Formula (1450), Form ), Formula (1420), Formula (1430), Formula (1720), Formula (18 ula (1460), Formula (1520), Formula (1620), Formula Formula (2120 20), Formula (1920-A), Formula (1920-B), Formula (2020), (2520): ), Formula (2220), Formula (2320), Formula (2420) and Formula 37wherei fnro Xm i Os a S lin NkiHng a antodm CH selected383940wherein R is selected from formula (1730) (1735) and (1740)41wherein R is selected from formula (1730) (1735) and (1740)4243[ c0 (o0m0p1r1is4i]ng In at s leoamset o enmeb soyndtimheetnicts m,u tchien s perleescetendt f droismclo thseur gero purpo cvoidnessist aing co omf Fpoorsmitiuolna F2o1r0m),ul Faor (m81u0la), ( F31o0rm),u Flaorm (9u2l0a), (4 F1o0r)m,u Floarm (ula (510), Formula (610), Formula (710), 441220), Formula (1320), Formula (1410),F Foormula (1420), Formula (1430), Formula (1440), Formula (1450), Formula (1460), Formula (1520), Formula (1620), Formula (1720), Formula (1820), Formula (1920-A), Frmula (1920-B), , Formula (2020), Formula (2120), Formula (2220), Formula (2320), mourcminusla ei (2420) and Formula (2520). The composition may include the synthetic use in,ther individually or in combination. Such compositions may be formulated for application for example, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, biomedical, and / or industrial additionals a,cti avnd may further include one or more carriers, excipients, and / or embodiments, thee o crom fupnctional agents depending on the intended use. In certain suspension, film, membrosition may be provided in the form of a solution, gel, cream, [000115] The synthetica mneu,c cinosati dnigs,c plooswedder h,e arnd / or hydrogel. combination with other ingredients and / or moleceuilnes may be used solely and / or in example, disclosed herein. Exemplary compositions for a a variety of purposes as, for one or more of the synthetic mucins disclosed herein mand / or formulations including to, formulations including a salt such as sodium chloridy include, but are not limited (KCl), calcium chloride (CaCl₂), magnesium chloride (e (NaCl), potassium chloride (NaHCO₃), phosphate salts (e.g., Na₂HPO₄ / KH₂PO₄M),g aCnld₂) / , sodium bicarbonate and / or manganese salts. Additionally, or alternatively,o crom zinc, iron, copper, formulations including one or more of the synthetic mucins disclopsositions and / or include, but are not limited to, a formulation including a synthetic muced herein may like a phosphate buffer, coconut water, water, ethanol, oils, isopinro apnad solvent hexanediol, and / or glycerin. Additionally, or alternatively, compositinol, 1,2- formulations including one or more of the synthetic mucins disclosedo hnesrei and / or inicolpuodley,m beurt lik aere pe ncotitn, li amlgitiendate to,, hy adr foolrym n may b zeudla stipoonng inec,lu adgianrgos ae c soylnlathgeetnic, c mhiutocsinan a,n cdh a aloe vera, cactus mucilage, hyaluronic acid, okra slime, cellulose derivatives ia, gum, and / or methyl cellulose. Additionally, or alternatively, compositio, xanthan formulations including one or more of the synthetic mucins disclosed henrsei and / or include, but are not limited to, a formulation including a synthetic mucin, a solvn may one or more of the solvents listed above), and a biopolymer (e.g., one or moernt (e.g., biopolymers listed above) and / or a synthetic mucin, a solvent (e.g., one or more of the solvents listed above), a salt (e.g., one or more of the salts listed above),e a onf the biopolymer (e.g., one or more of the biopolymers listed above). Additionally,d o ar 45a mltuecrinnasti dvieslcyl,o csoemdp hoesreitiionn msa aynd a / lsoor f ionrcmluudlea,ti foonrs e ixnacmlupdlieng one or more of the synthetic caffeine, melatonin, green tea extract , co-active ingredients such as [000116] The synthe , retinol, vitamins, bakuchiol, and / or ceramides. example, a powder, getilc, a mnudc / oinrs liq duisidclo fosremd a hse,r feoinr e mxaamyp blee, u asned en inca fposrmulualtaintigon msa itne, for a rheology modifier, an active ingredient to, for example, provid rial, hydration, and / or as an additive for antimicrobial and e and / or maintain or alternatively, synthetic mu / or antiviral activity. Additionally, is used as, for exa cins disclosed herein may be used in a formulation that preservative and, inm sopmlee, a cnas eems,u tlhseifie sry,n sthuerftaicct manutcsi,n t mhiacyke pnleayrs, an st aacbtiilvizeer insg, and / or role in these formulations. Additionally, or alternatively, s redient herein may have industrial uses as, for examp ynthetic mucins disclosed additive, an antimicrobial coat le, an antifog coating, an anti-freeze or alterna ing, an antiviral coating, and / or a lubricant. Additionally, formulatiotnivse alys,, s fyonrth eextaicm mpluec,in as jo diinstcl lousberidca hnet,re ainn m eyaey l buebr uicsaendt i (ne. pgharmaceutical artificial mucus, an intranasal drug delivery device, dr ., eye drops), vehicles, an antimicrobial substance and ug delivery materials and / or and / or coating. Additionall / or coating and / or an antiviral substance be used in th y, or alternatively, synthetic mucins disclosed herein may (e.g., as ane a angtirfiucnugltaurla clo inadtiunsgtry an tod, / foorr e suxanm pprloet,e pcrtoiovnid)e to nu ctrrioepnsts. an Ad / or protection alternatively, synthetic mucins disclosed herein may dditionally, or adhesives, protective films, and gas be used as standalone lubricants, [000117] Additionally, or alternatively p,e srymnetation membranes. in dermatological formulatio hetic mucins disclosed herein may be used to, for example, treat dermnasto ilno,g fiocral ex caomndpitleio,n sski (nec.agr.e, a atnodp / iocr d ceorsmmaettiticis c (oemczpeomsiations burns) or provide cosmetic benefits (e.g., moisturizing and / or pro ) or example, a cream, serum, toner, and / or face mask. tecting skin) as, for 46

Claims

We cl CLAIMS 1. Aai is mm ae: hthoomdop foorly thmeer p,re thpear mateiothno odf c ao smypnrthiseintigc m au pcroin, wherein the synthetic mucin consis cess selected from the group A) (1ting of: po)ly smubejreizcatintiogn a g toala fctose-serine monomer of Formula (205) to ring-opening deprotecting the prootremcte ad g parolatecctotesde-s gearilactose-serine polymer; and (2) serine polymer of Formula (210), whereinn me is po frloymme 1r t too 1 fo5r0m; a galactose-B) ( o1p)en siunbgje pcotlinymge ariz galtuiocnos toe-threonine monomer of Formula (305) to ring- (2) deprotecting the protect feordm gl auc porosete-cthtered glucose-threonine polymer; and threonine polymer of Formula (310), whereoinni mne is po frlyomme 1r t too f 1o5rm0; a glucose- 47C) ( p1) subjecting a glucose-serine monomer of Formula (405) to ring-opening doelpyrmoteerciztiation to form a protected glucose-serine polymer; and (2) polymer onfg Fo thrmeu plraot (e4c1t0e)d, w glhuecroesien- mser isin fero pmoly 1m toer 1 t5o0 f;orm a glucose-serineD) ( is1) a sub linjekcintingg a ato gmalac steolesect-ethdre fornoimne O m,on So,m NerH o,f F oorrmula (505), wherein X' polymerization to form a protected galactose-threon CinHe2, to ring-opening deprotecting the protected galactose-threonine polymer to p folymer; and (2) threonine polymer of Formula (510), wherein m is from 1 toor 1m50 a; galactose- 48E) ( o1p)en suinbgje pcotinlygm aeri gzaaltaiocnto tsoe- ftohrrmeo anin pero mteoctneodm gearla ocfto Fsoer-mthurleaon (5in0e5) p tooly rminegr- and (2) deprotecting the protected galactose-threonine polymer to form a; galactose-threonine polymer of Formula (610), wherein m is from 1 to 150;F) ( o1p)en suinbgje pcotinlygm aeri gzaaltaiocnto tsoe- ftohrrmeo anin pero mteoctneodm gearla ocfto Fsoer-mthurleaon (5in0e5) p tooly rminegr- and (2) deprotecting the protected galactose-threonine polymer to form a; galactose-threonine polymer of Formula (710), wherein m is from 1 to 150; 49G) ( o1p)e snuinbgje pcotilnygm aer gizaalatctose-m-threonine monomer of Formula (805) to ring- and (2) deprotectingio thne to pr footremct aed pr goatleacctteod galactose-m-threonine polymer; galactose-m-threonine polymer of Formuslae- (m81-t0h)r,e wonhienreei pnol mym iser fr toom form a 150; 1 toH) ( p1o)ly smuebrjiezcattiinogn a to t fhreonine monomer of Formula (130) to ring-opening from 1 to 150 repeaotr umni ats; th (2re)o gnlyinceos pyolalytimnger th of Formula (910) comprising reacting hydroxyl groups of threonine units withe a th greaolancintoese po dlyomnoerr t (o9 f1o0) by protected galactose-threonine polymer; and rm a galactose-threon (3) deprotecting the protected Formula (920), wihneere pinol mym iser fro tom y 1ie told 15 a0; g aanladctose-threonine polymer of 50I) ( p1o)lym suebrjizeacttiinogn to a fo sremrin ae se mrinoeno pmolyemre orf of F Foormrmuulala ( (11040) to ring-opening 1 to 150 repeat units; (2) glycosylating th 10) comprising from hydroxyl groups of serine u e serine polymer (1010) by reacting galactose-seri nits with a galactose donor to form a protected ser ne polymer; and (3) deprotecting the protected galactose- wheinreein p moly ims ferrom to 1 y tioel 1d50 a. galactose-serine polymer of Formula (1020),2. A is m aet choopdol fyomr the preparation of a synthetic mucin, wherein the synthetic mucin con er, the method comprising a process selected from the group J)si (s a1ti la)ng n sinu o ebf:jec mtionngo ame grala ocftos Feo-rthmrueloanin (e16 m0)ono tome srim oful Ftormula (505) and an polymerization to form a protected galac aneous ring-opening comprising a random and / tose-threonine-co-alanine polymer alanine units; and (2) deproorte bcltoincgk s theequ pernocteect oefd g gaalalacctotossee-t-hthrereoonnininee- acnod- 51a Floarnminue polymer to yield a galactose-threonine-co-alanine polymer of w unhietsre ailna nd m (1 a a2 lan2 nd0) in n, e a urenit ins,te rgeesprse rcetipvreelys,e anntidng m a is nu fmber of galactose-threonine to 50; rom 1 to 150 and n is from 1K) ( g1ly)c subjecting a galactose-threonine monomer of Formula (505) and a polyimneeriz matoionnom toe frorm of a F porormteuctlaed g (1a7la0c)tos toe- simultaneous ring-opening comprising a random a threonine-co-glycine polymer gly nd / or block sequence of galactose-threonine and glycciinnee u pnoitlysm; aenrd to (2) yi deeldpro atec gtainlagc the protected galactose-threonine-co- Formula (132 tose-threonine-co-glycine polymer of w unhietsre ainnd m g alyncd0) in n, e a urneit isn,te regsers representing a number of galactose-threonine to 50; pectively, and m is from 1 to 150 and n is from 152L) ( m1o)n soumbjeecrt oinfg F aor gmaulalact (o1s6e0-s)e torin seim muoltnaonmeoeurs of ri Fnogr-mopuelani (n2g05 p)o alynmde arniza atlianine form a protected galactose-serine-co-alanine polymer comprising on to and / or block sequence of galactose-serine and alanine units; a a rannddom deprotecting the protected galactose-serine-co-alanine polymer t (2) galactose-serine-co-alan o yield a where ine polymer of Formula (1410), units ainn m and n are integers representing a number of galactose-serine to 50;d alanine units, respectively, and m is from 1 to 150 and n is from 1M) ( a1la)n sinubjecting a glucose-threonine monomer of Formula (305) and an polymeeriz matoionnomer of Formula (160) to simultaneous ring-opening comprising a to form a protected glucose-threonine-co-alanine polymer alanine units; r aannddom and / or block sequence of glucose-threonine and alanine polymer (2) deprotecting the protected glucose-threonine-co- (14 to yield a glucose-threonine-co-alanine polymer of Formula whe2r0), unitsein m and n are integers representing a number of glucose-threonine to 50; and alanine units, respectively, and m is from 1 to 150 and n is from 1 53" # C"D)A48).)3, <4=%N>3M9?63N).)3M%NM848).)3,ON4R(36, <4=%N>3M9?63N).)3,(N)N(36 aN)N(36 (@,GMGAB DBA, GEB )@,GMAB, GC:B N) ( m1o)n soumbjeerct oinfg Fo arm gluulcaos (1e6-s0e)r tione s monomer of Formula (405) and an alanine form a protected glucose-serineimultaneous ring-opening polymerization to and / or block sequence of glu-ccoos-ea-lasenine polymer comprising a random deprotecting the protected glucose-serirninee-c and alanine units; and (2) glucose-serine-co-alanine polymer of Formulao- (alanine polymer to yield a w anhder aelainn mine an udni nts a,r rees inpteecgtievresly r,e apnreds men itsin fgro am n 1um1 tob4 1e3 5r0 0 o),f a gnlduc no isse f-rsoemrin 1e to un 5i0ts;A48D.D3, <4=%N>3M>36.D3M%NM848D.D3,ON4RC36, <4=%N>3M>36.D3,CNDNC36 CNDNC36 C?,GMG@A BA@ GaA D?,GM@A, O) (1) subjecting a galactose-serine monom GB)A monomer of Formula (170) to simultaneoeurs o rfin Fgo-rmula (205) and a glycine form a protected galactose-serine-co-glycine poopening polymerization to and / or block sequence of galactose-serine alnydme grly ccomprising a random deprotecting the protected galactose-serine-co-glycineine units; and (2) galactose-serine-co-glycine polymer of Formula (1440), polymer to yield a 54w uherein m and n are integers representing a number of galactose-serine toni 5ts0; and glycine units, respectively, and m is from 1 to 150 and n is from 1P) (1) subjecting a glucose-threonine monomer of Formula (30 (??> monomer of Formula (170) to simultaneous ring-opening po5) and a glycine form a protected glucose-threonine-co-glycine polymlymerization to random and / or block sequence of glucose-threonine ande grl comprising a (2) deprotecting the protected glucose-threonine-co ycine units; and a glucose-threonine-co-glycine polymer of Fo -glycine polymer to yield w unhietsre ainnd m gl ayncdine n u anreits in,t reegsepresct rievperlye,s aenndtin mg i ar s nm fruu omla mb 1e (1r4 to o5 1f0 5 g),lucose-threonine to 50; 0 and n is from 1 "<4R%.)3, <4=%N>3M9?63N).)3M%NM / 4R%.)3,ON4R(36, <4=%N>3M9?63N).)3,(N)N(36 aN)N(36 (@,GMGAB DBA GEB )@,GMAB, Q) ( GCAB m1o)n soumbjeerct oinfg Fo arm gluulcao (s1e7-0s)er toine sim muolntaonmeeorus of ri Fngo-rompuelanin (4g0 p5o)ly amnder aiza gtliyocnin te form a protected glucose-serine-co-glycine polymer comprising a rano and / or block sequence of glucose-serine and glycine units; anddo (2m) 55d gelupcroosteec-stienrgine th-ceo- pgrloytceicnteed po glylumceors oef-s Feorrinmeu-lcao (-1glycine polymer to yield a w anhder gelyinci mne a unndit ns, a rrees ipnetecgtievresly r,e apnreds men itsin fgro am n 1um4 tob6 1e0 5r) 0 o,f a gnlduc no isse f-rsoemrin 1e to un 5i0ts; D:O3%,DNG :O;% / <N.<N4,DN.% / .-O3%,DNGM / O3&N4G :O;% / <N.<N4,DNG& / D / &N4 B / D / &N4 &=G(.(>? @?> (C? D=G(.>?G R) (1) subjecting a galactose-threonine monomer (@A? cysteine monomer of Formula (150) to sim oufl Formula (505) and a polymerization to form a protected gala taneous ring-opening copolymer comprising a bl ctose-threonine-co-cysteine block cysteine units; ock of galactose-threonine units and a block of c and (2) deprotecting the protected galactose-threonine-co- pyoslytemineer of b Floocrkmu claop (1ol5y2m0er to yield a galactose-threonine-co-cysteine w unhietsre ainnd m c aynstde nine are intege),rs representing a number of galactose-threonine 1 to 50; units, respectively, and m is from 1 to 150 and n is from56S) ( m1o)n soumbjeecrt oinfg F aor gmalualacto (1se5-0t)h,re aonndin ae monomer of Formula (505), a cysteine s glycine monomer of Formula (170) to ciommupltraisnienogu as b rilnogc-kop seeqnuinegn pceoly omf gearilzaacttioosne t-oth froeromni ane p,ro ctyesctteeidne tri a-cnodp golymer units; and (2) deprotecting the protected tri-copolymer to yiel lycine threonine-co-cysteine-co-glycine polymer of Formula (1 d a galactose- whhreeoreniinne m u,ni nts, a cnydste oin aere un iintste agnedrs gl r 620), t yecpinrees uennittisn,g re asp neucmtivbeelyr, a onfd g mala isctose- 1 to 150, n is from 1 to 50 and o is from 1 to 150; fromT) ( fu1n)c stiuobnjaelcti mngon aom gearlac otfos Feo-trhreonine monomer of Formula (505) and a polymerization to form a protemula (1705) to simultaneous ring-opening block sequence of galactose-tcted copolymer comprising a random and / or (2) deprotecting the protecthreonine and functional monomer units; and ( ed copolymer to yield a copolymer of Formula w1 unh7 ie2 tsr0e) ai, nnd m fu anncdtio nn aare integers representing a number of galactose-threonine n is from 1 to 50;l monomer units, respectively, and m is from 1 to 150 and57wherein R is selected from formula (1730), (1735) and (1740);U) ( c1y)st seuinbejec dtienrgiva ativ geala ocftos Feo-rtmhrueloanin (1e80 m5o)no tmer of Formula (505) and a polymerization to form a protected copolymeor c soimmuplrtiasninegous ring-opening block sequence of galactose-threonine and cysteine deriv aa rtaivnedo umnit as;nd / or (2) deprotecting the protected copolym and cyst er to yield a galactose-threonine-co- w unhiee tsrein aine nd m po c aly ysnm tde ei nr ne a orf de F e irno ivtrem agu tiel vra es ( u r1e8 np2 itsre0 ,s), reesnptiencgti ave nluy,m abnedr m of i gsa flraocmtos 1e t-othreonine n is from 1 to 50; 150 andwherein R is selected from formula (1730), (1735) and (1740); 58V) ( la1c)t sicub ajeccidting (P aLA ga)la ocftos Feo-rtmhrueloani (n1e91 m0o-nAo)m teor of Formula (505) and a poly polymerization to form a prote simultaneous ring-opening block sequence o cted copolymer comprising a random and / or the protected cofp goallyamcteorse- tothre yoienlidne a and PL PAL-Aco u-npiotsly;- agnadla (c2t)os deprotecting polymer of Formu e-threonine wherein m and n alar (1920-A), u e integers representing a number of galactose-threonine 5n0i;ts and PLA units, respectively, and m is from 1 to 150 and n is from 1 toW) ( g1ly)c soulbicje actcinidg ( aP gGaAla)ct oofse F-othrmreonine monomer of Formula (505) and a poly polymerizatio ula (1910-B) to simultaneous ring-opening block sequencne to of fo gramlac ato psroet-ethcrteeodn cinoepo alnydm PerG cAo umnpitrsis;i anngd a (2 random and / or the protected copolymer to yield a PGA-co-p ) deprotecting polymer of Formula (1920-B), oly-galactose-threonine 59w unhietsre ainnd m P aGnAd u nn aitrse, i rnetsepgeecrstiv reeplyr,e asnednt ming is a fr noummber of galactose-threonine 50; and 1 to 150 and n is from 1 toX) ( c1y)st sinueb cjercotsinsglink aer galactose-threonine monomer of Formula (505) and a a protected copoly omfe Fro;rm anudla ( (22)0 d0e5p)r toot reincgtin-ogpe thneing pr pootelycmteedriz caotpioonl to form yield a galactose-threonine polymer crosslinked by c ymer to (2020) and / or a core cystine-co-galactose ystine of Formula ( -threonine polymer of Formula w2 thh0 ree2 or0e) ni; inne m u is an integer from 1 to 150, representing a number of galactose- crosslinks.nits present in each polymer chain segment flanked by cystineY) ( m1o)n soumbjeercti onfg F ao grlmucuolase (-1s5e0ri)ne to mo rinnogm-oer of Formula (405) and a cysteine protected copolymer; and (2) pening polymerization to form a a glucose-serine-co-cysteine p deoprotecting the protected copolymer to yield 6l0ymer of Formula (2120); wherein m and na urneits in,t reegsepresct riveeplrye,s aenndtin mg is a fr noummb 1e tro o 1f50 glu acnods ne- isse frrionme 1 un toits 50 a;nd cysteineZ) ( fu1n)c stiuobnjaelct minogn aom gelurc oofse F-osremriunlea m (1o7n5o0m)e tor o rifng F-oorpmula (405) and another form a protected copolymer; and (2) dep ening polymerization to to yield a glucose-serine-c rotecting the protected copolymer and n are integers r o-_____ polymer of Formula (2220); wherein m functio epresenting a number of glucose-serine units and other 1 nal monomer units, respective toly, and m is from 1 to 150 and n is fro 5m0; AA)deri 1v)a stiuvebje ocftin Fgor am gululaco (s1e8-0s5e)rin toe m rinogn-oompeerni onf Formula (405) and cysteine protected copolymer; and (2) deprote g polymerization to form a a glucose-serine-co-__ cting the protected copolymer to yield integers repre ___ polymer of Formula (2320); wherein m and n are derivative unitss,e renstipnegct aive nlyu,m anbder m o ifs f grolumco 1se to-s 1e5ri0ne an udn nits is f aronmd 1 cy toste 5i0n;e 61BB) lact (ic1) a scuidbje (cPtiLnAg) a to glu ricnogs-eo-pseenriine monomer of Formula (405) and poly copolymer; and (2) deprotecting thneg p prootleymcteedriz caotpioonlym toer f toorm yiel a protected poly-glucose-serine polymer of Formul d a PLA-co- integers representing a (2420A); wherein m and n are respectively, and m is fr aom nu 1m tboe 1r5 o0f a gnlduc no isse f-rsoemrin 1e to u 5n0it;s and PLA units,CC) glyc (o1l)ic su abcjiedct (iPngGA a) g tlouc roinsge--ospeerinnien monomer of Formula (405) and poly copolymer; and (2) deprotecting theg pro ptoelcytmeder cizoaptoiolynm teor t foor ymiel ad a protected poly-glucose-serine polymer of Formula ( PLA-co- integers representing a n 2420B); wherein m and n are respectively, and m is fromu 1m tboe 1r5 o0f a gnlduc nos ise f-rsoemrin 1e to un 5i0ts; a anndd PGA units, 62DD) cros (1s) l sinukbejerc otifng Fo ar gmluuclaos (e2-0s0erine monomer of Formula (405) and a cystine protected copolymer; and (2) d5e)pr toote ricntgin-gop theeni pnrgot peoctlyemde coripzaotion to form a cystine-co-glucose-serine polymer o lymer to a core integer representin f Formula (2520); wherein m is an 150. g a number of glucose-serine units and m is from 1 to3. T ouhte in m pertehsoedn ocef c olafi am so 1lv oern 2t., wherein the ring-opening polymerization is carried 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the solvent is an aprotic polar solvent.

5. T ofhe method of claim 3, wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting dim teetrthayhly fdorromfuarmanid,e di (cDhMloFro)m.ethane, acetonitrile, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), and 6. T byhe an m ientihtiaotdor o.f claim 1 or 2, wherein the ring-opening polymerization is initiated 637. T ofhe m teritehtohdyl oafm cilnaeim, 6, w bhuetyrleaimni tnhee, initia btoern izsy slaemleicntee,d fro dmim theeth gyrloeuthpa cnoonsisting hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), and lithium hexamethyldisilazide (LiHMDSla)m.ine, 8. T ouhte in m pertehsoedn ocef c olafi am ca 1ta olrys 2t,. wherein the ring-opening polymerization is carried 9. T ofh ae c mroewthnod et ohfe crla ainmd 8 h,e wxhaeflureoirno tahneti cmaotanlaytset- ibsa sseeledc cteadta flryosmt (H thFeA gBro).up consisting 10. T byhe an m eenthzoydm oef o crla cimarr 1ie odr o 2u,t w uhseinregin a t chhee rminoge-onpzeynminagtic p poloylmymeerirziazatiotinon is p croactaelsysz.ed 11. A (31 sy0n),th Feotircm muluaci (n41 se0l)e,c Fteodrm fruolma ( t5h1e0 g)r,o Fuoprm counlasis (t6in1g0) o,f F Foorrmmuulala ( (721100)),, F Foorrmula (810), Formula (920), Formula (1220), Formula (1320), Formula (1410 mula (1420), Formula (1430), Formula (1440), Formula (1450), Form), Formula Formula (1520), Formula (1620), Formula (1720), Formula (18ula (1460), (1920-A), Formula (1920-B), Formula (2020), Formula (2120 20), Formula Formula (2320), Formula (2420) and Formula (2520): ), Formula (2220),64wherei fnro Xm i Os a S lin NkiHng a antodm CH selected656667wherein R is selected from formula (1730) (1735) and (1740)wherein R is selected from formula (1730) (1735) and (1740) 68701123.. A Th ceom copmospiotisointio cnom ofp crliasiinmg 1 a2t, le wast one synthetic mucin of claim 11. least one of pharmaceutical, cohsemreeitnic, th beio cmoemdpicoasli,ti aon is formulated for use in at applica form ofmtio pparel, and / or industrial 14. The co apn tos les. aitsiotn on oef c olfa aim so 1l2ut oiorn 1,3 g, wherein the composition is provided in the powder, and h el, cream, suspension, film, membrane, 15. T toh aec cto amsp aots leitioydnr oofg aenl.y of claims 12-14, wherein the composition is configured preservative,a ,s at l ounberic oafn atn, a enm audlshiefier, a surfactant, a thickener, a stabilizer, a membra sive, a protective film, and a gas permeation 16. T cohmep cron isme. espo osniteio onr o mfo areny of of so cdlaiuimms ch 1l2o-r1id5e, ( wNhaeCrel)i,n po thtaess cioummp cohsliotiroidne fu (KrtChel)r, 71c (NalacHiuCmO₃ c)h,l pohriodsep (hCaateC sl₂a)l,ts m (ea.ggnesium chloride (MgCl₂), sodium bicarbonate a copper ., Na₂HPO₄ / KH₂PO₄), a zinc salt, an iron salt, 17. The com spaolst,iti aonnd o af m aannyga onfese salt. comprises one or more of a s colalvimenst, 1 a2- b1io6p,o wlyhmeerer,in a t shaelt, c aom copmosbitiion further solvent and a biopolymer, a combination of a nation of a combination of a solvent and salt and a biopolymer, and a 18. T cohmep croismespo osniteion or of m aonrey o of a f c claa sa fimlt.s 12-17, wherein the composition further vitami feine, melatonin, green tea extract, retinol, 19. The conms,p boaskituiocnhi ool, and / or ceramides. to act as one or mfo arney o off c alnaim ensc 1a2p-s1u8la,t winhger meiante thrieal c,omposition is configured active ingredient to provide a a rheology modifier, an ant nd / or maintain hydration, and / or as an additive for 20. T toheim ac ci tocmro aspboia osl nit aieonnd / o oo rfr m a ann oyti re ovifra o cflla a aimct nsivi a 1ty n2. t-if1o9g, w choeartienign, the composition is configured antimicrobial coating, an an anti-freeze additive, an repellant coating, a moistu arent rievitraainli cnoga ctionagt,in agn, a anndtif aungal coating, a moisture 21. The composition of any of claims 12-20, lubricant. to act as one or mo wherein the composition is configured intranasal drug delivreery o dfe av jiocien,t a lu dbrruicga dnet,liv aen eye lubricant, artificial mucus, an an antimicrobial substance, and / or an antivriyra mla stuebrsiatal,n ac der,u agn ddel aivner ayn vtiehicle, subs to actot fungal 22. The cman aspcoe os.ition of any of claims 12-21, wherein the composition is configured compositionn toe tr oerat m ao dreerm oafto alo sgkicinacla croend pirtioodnu.ct, a cosmetic product, and a 72

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