Optical chip, spectrum sensing apparatus and method, and spectrometer and device

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are an optical chip, a spectrum sensing apparatus and method, and a spectrometer and a device. The optical chip comprises an encoder, which is provided with aperiodic diffraction units and is used for enabling different light rays in a light beam to be incident into different diffraction units among the aperiodic diffraction units for modulation, so as to obtain optical signals having different diffraction directions. Thus, it is convenient to subsequently determine spectrum information corresponding to the light beam on the basis of the optical signals. In the present application, light rays having different diffraction directions are obtained by means of enabling different light rays in a light beam to be incident into different diffraction units among the aperiodic diffraction units for modulation, every two adjacent optical signals among optical signals corresponding to the light rays have different phases, and the phase differences are also different, such that different wavelengths are spatially separated by a relatively long distance, and thus a relatively high resolution can be obtained. Moreover, as the diffraction order becomes higher, light rays of various wavelengths in different diffraction directions are not prone to overlapping, such that the region in which effective wavelength detection is performed is relatively large, and thus the bandwidth is relatively high. Therefore, the present application eliminates the problem of there being a constraint between the resolution and the bandwidth.

Description

Optical chip, optical spectrum sensing device, method, optical spectrometer and equipment

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411000605.0, filed on July 24, 2024, and entitled "Optical chip, optical spectrum sensing device, method, optical spectrometer and equipment", the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of spectral information, in particular to an optical chip, an optical spectrum sensing device, a method, an optical spectrometer and equipment. BACKGROUND

[0003] The optical spectrum sensing device (such as an optical spectrometer) is an instrument for decomposing complex light and then performing spectral detection. The device can be composed of a prism or a grating structure. The optical spectrum sensing device includes a grating structure, and the working principle of the optical spectrum sensing device is that when a light beam is incident at different positions of the grating structure, the grating structure performs phase modulation or phase-amplitude modulation on the phase of the light beam, so that the light of each wavelength is separated and gathered at the spatial position of the exit receiving surface, so that the intensity corresponding to each wavelength of light can be known by detecting the light intensity at the spatial position, that is, the spectral detection is completed.

[0004] In the related art, the above-mentioned grating structure has a periodic modulation structure, and when a light beam is incident at different positions of the periodic modulation structure, the light of each wavelength is subjected to equal-phase modulation by the periodic modulation structure to obtain light signals with the same diffraction direction. However, in order to achieve as high a resolution as possible, the light of different wavelengths needs to be separated as far apart in space, that is, a high diffraction order needs to be used. However, as the diffraction order increases, the adjacent diffraction orders will overlap each other. Effective wavelength detection can only be performed in the region where the diffraction orders do not overlap, so the bandwidth is limited. Therefore, the related art has the problem of mutual restriction between resolution and bandwidth. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an optical chip, an optical spectrum sensing device, a method, an optical spectrometer and equipment, which eliminates the restriction problem between resolution and bandwidth, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, an optical chip is provided, the optical chip is integrated with an encoder, and the encoder includes: a non-periodic diffraction unit, different diffraction units in the non-periodic diffraction unit are used to emit incident light by different diffraction angles; and the encoder is configured to modulate different light in a light beam incident on different diffraction units in the non-periodic diffraction unit to obtain first light signals in different diffraction directions.

[0007] In the present application, the encoder has aperiodic diffraction units, different light in the light beam is modulated by different diffraction units in the aperiodic diffraction units to obtain light in different diffraction directions, the phase of each adjacent two light signals in the light signal corresponding to the light is different, and the phase difference is also different, so that the distance of the spatial separation of different wavelengths is large, and a higher resolution can be obtained. At the same time, with the increase of the diffraction order, the wavelengths of light in different diffraction directions are not easy to overlap, so that the effective wavelength detection area is larger, and the bandwidth is wider. Therefore, the present application embodiment eliminates the restriction problem between resolution and bandwidth.

[0008] In addition, in the present application, the structure of the encoder is integrated on the optical chip, so that the optical chip has the function of the encoder. Since the optical chip can be mass-produced and has high stability, the stability is ensured while high resolution is realized. Therefore, the restriction problem between stability and resolution is eliminated.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the optical chip comprises: a first coupler configured to pass the light beam through free diffraction to obtain a plurality of light beams, each of which comprises light of a plurality of wavelengths; an encoding structure configured to pass the plurality of light beams through a plurality of optical paths to obtain a second light signal; the length of each optical path in the plurality of optical paths is different, and the length difference between each adjacent two groups of optical paths in the plurality of optical paths is also different; and a second coupler configured to pass the second light signal through free diffraction to obtain the first light signal. In the present application, since the length of each optical path in the plurality of optical paths is different, and the length difference between each adjacent two groups of optical paths is different, the phases of the light signals transmitted through these optical paths are different, and the phase difference between each light signal is different, thereby eliminating the restriction problem between resolution and bandwidth.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the encoding structure comprises: a waveguide array, a plurality of waveguides in the waveguide array pass the plurality of light beams through the waveguides to obtain the second light signal, and the plurality of waveguides correspond one-to-one to the plurality of optical paths. In the present application, the encoding structure adopts a waveguide array composed of a plurality of waveguides, and the length of each waveguide in the plurality of waveguides is different, and the length difference between each adjacent two waveguides in the plurality of waveguides is different, so that the phases of the light signals transmitted through the waveguide array are different, and the phase difference between the light signals transmitted by each adjacent two waveguides is different, thereby eliminating the restriction problem between resolution and bandwidth.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the encoder further includes a plurality of phase shifters arranged on the waveguide array; the plurality of phase shifters correspond to the plurality of waveguides one by one; and the plurality of phase shifters are configured to generate an electric field to change a phase of a third optical signal transmitted in the waveguide array to output the first optical signal when a voltage is applied to the plurality of phase shifters. In this application, by arranging a plurality of phase shifters, the phase shifters correspond to the plurality of waveguides in the waveguide array one by one, that is, a phase shifter is arranged on each waveguide. In this way, by controlling the voltage of the phase shifter, the phase of the optical signal transmitted in the waveguide array changes under the action of the electric field, so as to change the output optical signal of the encoder, thereby achieving the modulation of the optical signal.

[0012] In a second aspect, a spectrum sensing device is provided, and the device includes the optical chip of the first aspect. In this application, based on the encoder containing the aperiodic diffraction unit, different lights in the light beam are modulated by different diffraction units in the aperiodic diffraction unit to obtain lights in different diffraction directions. The phase of each adjacent two optical signals in the light corresponding to the optical signal is different, and the phase difference is also different, so that different wavelengths are separated in space, and a higher resolution can be obtained. At the same time, with the increase of the diffraction order, the wavelengths of light in different diffraction directions are not easy to overlap, so that the effective wavelength detection area is larger, and the bandwidth is wider. Therefore, the problem of the restriction between the resolution and the bandwidth is eliminated, and the spectrum sensing device with both bandwidth and resolution can be realized.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the device further includes a collector and a controller, the encoder is electrically connected with the collector, and the collector is electrically connected with the controller; the collector is configured to convert the first optical signal obtained by the encoder in the optical chip into first information, and the first information is used to represent the light intensity distribution of the light beam after passing through the encoder; and the controller is configured to determine the spectrum information corresponding to the light beam according to the first information and the information of the wavelength light.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the first information includes a target electrical signal, and the information of the light of each wavelength includes a speckle image of the light of each wavelength; the collector includes a photodetector array configured to convert the first light signal into the target electrical signal; and the controller is configured to determine the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the speckle image corresponding to the target electrical signal and the speckle images of the lights of each wavelength. In this application, the first light signal is converted into the target electrical signal by the photodetector array, and the speckle image corresponding to the target electrical signal and the pre-stored speckle images of the lights of each wavelength are operated by the controller to obtain the spectral information of the light beam. It can be understood that, since the photodetector array collects the speckle image, the bandwidth is completely determined by the number of units of the photodetector array, and therefore, the bandwidth is not restricted by the resolution.

[0015] In a possible implementation, in a case where part of the photodetectors in the photodetector array work, the part of the photodetectors are configured to convert the light signals of the first light signal at different moments at the specified diffraction spatial positions into the target electrical signal. Since the photodetector array can detect multiple light signals at the same position, the light signal detection can be implemented based on a time division multiplexing manner, the photodetector is cheap and has low cost, and the mutual restriction problem between the cost and the bandwidth is eliminated. Alternatively, in a case where all the photodetectors in the photodetector array work, the photodetector array is configured to convert the first light signal at the same moment into the target electrical signal, and the light signals at different positions can be converted into the target electrical signal at the same time, and the efficiency is relatively high.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the target electrical signal includes a photocurrent, and the device further includes an amplifier and a digital-to-analog conversion module, the amplifier is electrically connected with the photodetector array and the digital-to-analog conversion module respectively, and the digital-to-analog conversion module is electrically connected with the controller; the photodetector array is configured to convert the first light signal into the photocurrent; the amplifier is configured to amplify the photocurrent and convert the amplified photocurrent into voltage information; the digital-to-analog conversion module is configured to convert the voltage information into a voltage sequence, the voltage sequence representing the light intensity information of the light beam; and the controller is configured to determine the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the speckle image corresponding to the voltage sequence and the speckle images of the lights of each wavelength.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the device further includes: a temperature detection module, configured to detect the temperature of the optical chip; and a refrigeration module, configured to perform a refrigeration operation to make the temperature of the optical chip less than the threshold value and in a constant-temperature working state when the temperature detection module detects that the temperature of the optical chip reaches the threshold value. In this application, the temperature detection module is configured to detect the temperature of the optical chip, and the refrigeration module is configured to perform the refrigeration operation to make the temperature of the optical chip less than the threshold value when the detected temperature reaches the threshold value, so that the optical chip can be in a constant-temperature working state, thereby ensuring that the working performance of the optical chip is maximized.

[0018] In a third aspect, a spectrum sensing device is provided, which includes: an encoder including a diffraction structure, the diffraction structure being an array of non-periodic spatial modulation diffraction unit structures, each diffraction unit in the array of non-periodic spatial modulation diffraction unit structures being configured to modulate an incident light signal to different degrees to obtain a first light signal; a collector configured to convert the first light signal into first information, the first information being configured to represent a light intensity distribution of the light beam after passing through the encoder; and a controller configured to determine spectrum information corresponding to the light beam according to the first information and information of each wavelength light.

[0019] In this application, the encoder includes a diffraction structure having an array of non-periodic spatial modulation diffraction unit structures, so that the light beam incident on the diffraction structure is diffracted by each diffraction unit in the array of non-periodic spatial modulation diffraction unit structures to obtain light signals in different diffraction directions, so that the phases of the light signals are different and the phase differences between the light signals are different, thereby eliminating the constraint problem between resolution and bandwidth. In addition, the diffraction structure can be mass-produced and has a stable structure, which can ensure high resolution while ensuring stability, thereby realizing a spectrum sensing device with bandwidth, resolution and high stability.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the first information includes a target electrical signal, and the information of each wavelength light includes a speckle image of each wavelength light; the collector includes: a photodetector array configured to convert the first light signal into the target electrical signal; and the controller is configured to determine the spectrum information corresponding to the light beam according to the speckle image corresponding to the target electrical signal and the speckle image of each wavelength light. In this application, the first light signal is converted into the target electrical signal by the photodetector array, and the speckle image corresponding to the target electrical signal and the pre-stored speckle image of each wavelength light are operated by the controller to obtain the spectrum information of the light beam. It can be understood that, since the photodetector array collects the speckle image, the bandwidth is completely determined by the number of units of the photodetector array, and therefore, the bandwidth is not restricted by the resolution.

[0021] In a possible implementation, in a case where part of the photodetectors in the photodetector array are working, the part of the photodetectors are configured to convert the optical signals of the first optical signals at different time instants at the specified diffraction spatial positions into the target electrical signals, and since the photodetector array can detect multiple optical signals at the same position, the optical signal detection can be implemented based on a time division multiplexing manner, the photodetector is inexpensive and has a low cost, and the mutual restriction between the cost and the bandwidth is eliminated; or in a case where all the photodetectors in the photodetector array are working, the photodetector array is configured to convert the first optical signals at the same time instant into the target electrical signals, and optical signals at different positions can be converted into target electrical signals at the same time, and the efficiency is relatively high.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the target electrical signal includes a photocurrent, and the device further includes an amplifier and a digital-to-analog conversion module, the amplifier is electrically connected to the photodetector array and the digital-to-analog conversion module respectively, and the digital-to-analog conversion module is electrically connected to the controller; the photodetector array is configured to convert the first optical signal into the photocurrent; the amplifier is configured to amplify the photocurrent and convert the amplified photocurrent into voltage information; the digital-to-analog conversion module is configured to convert the voltage information into a voltage sequence, and the voltage sequence represents the optical intensity information of the light beam; and the controller is configured to determine the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the speckle image corresponding to the voltage sequence and the speckle images of the lights of different wavelengths.

[0023] In a fourth aspect, a spectral sensing method is provided, and the method is applied to a spectral sensing device, the device includes an encoder, a collector, and a controller, the encoder includes a non-periodic diffraction unit, different diffraction units in the non-periodic diffraction unit are configured to emit incident light through different diffraction angles, and the method includes: modulating different light in a light beam through different diffraction units in the non-periodic diffraction unit by the encoder to obtain first optical signals in different diffraction directions; converting the first optical signals into first information by the collector, the first information is used to represent the optical intensity distribution of the light beam after the light beam passes through the encoder; and determining the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the first information and the information of lights of different wavelengths by the controller.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the encoder is integrated on an optical chip, and the optical chip comprises a first coupler, an encoding structure, and a second coupler; and the modulating, by the encoder, the different lights in the light beam to different diffraction units in the aperiodic diffraction unit to obtain the first light signal of different diffraction directions comprises: passing the light beam through free diffraction by the first coupler to obtain a plurality of light beams, each of which comprises lights of a plurality of wavelengths; passing the plurality of light beams through a plurality of light paths by the encoding structure to obtain a second light signal; the lengths of the light paths in the plurality of light paths are different, and the length differences between every two adjacent groups of light paths in the plurality of light paths are also different; and passing the second light signal through free diffraction by the second coupler to obtain the first light signal.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the encoding structure comprises a waveguide array; and the passing, by the encoding structure, the plurality of light beams through a plurality of light paths to obtain a second light signal comprises: passing the plurality of light beams through the waveguides in the waveguide array to obtain the second light signal, the plurality of waveguides corresponding to the plurality of light paths one by one.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further comprises a plurality of phase shifters arranged on the waveguide array; the plurality of phase shifters correspond to the plurality of waveguides one by one; and the method further comprises: adjusting, by the controller, the applied voltages of the plurality of phase shifters according to the spectral information, so that the phase of a third light signal transmitted in the waveguide array changes to output the first light signal.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the collector comprises a photodetector array, the first information comprises a target electrical signal, and the information of each wavelength light comprises a speckle image of each wavelength light; and the determining, by the controller, the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the first information and the information of each wavelength light comprises: determining, by the controller, the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the speckle image corresponding to the target electrical signal and the speckle images of each wavelength light.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the converting, by the collector, the first light signal into first information comprises: in a case where part of the photodetectors in the photodetector array work, converting the light signal of the first light signal at a specified diffraction spatial position at different moments into the target electrical signal; or in a case where all the photodetectors in the photodetector array work, converting the first light signal at the same moment into the target electrical signal.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the target electrical signal includes a photocurrent, and the device further includes an amplifier and a digital-to-analog conversion module, and the method further includes: amplifying the photocurrent by the amplifier, and converting the amplified photocurrent into voltage information; converting the voltage information into a voltage sequence by the digital-to-analog conversion module, the voltage sequence representing light intensity information of the light beam; and determining, by the controller, the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the speckle image corresponding to the target electrical signal and the speckle images of the lights of the wavelengths, including: determining, by the controller, the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the speckle image corresponding to the voltage sequence and the speckle images of the lights of the wavelengths.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the device further includes a temperature detection module and a refrigeration module, and the method further includes: detecting, by the temperature detection module, the temperature of the optical chip; and performing, by the refrigeration module, a refrigeration operation to make the temperature of the optical chip less than a threshold value and in a constant-temperature working state, in a case where the temperature detection module detects that the temperature of the optical chip reaches the threshold value.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the encoder includes a diffraction structure, and the diffraction structure is an array of non-periodic spatial modulation diffraction units; and the modulating, by the encoder, different lights in the light beam into different diffraction units in the non-periodic diffraction units to obtain first light signals of different diffraction directions includes: modulating, by each diffraction unit in the array of non-periodic spatial modulation diffraction units, the incident light signal to different degrees to obtain the first light signal.

[0032] In a fifth aspect, an electronic device is provided, which is applied to a spectral sensing device, the spectral sensing device including an encoder, a collector and a controller, the encoder including non-periodic diffraction units, different diffraction units in the non-periodic diffraction units being configured to emit incident light through different diffraction angles, and the electronic device including: a modulation module configured to modulate different lights in a light beam into different diffraction units in the non-periodic diffraction units by the encoder to obtain first light signals of different diffraction directions; a conversion module configured to convert the first light signals into first information by the collector, the first information being configured to represent light intensity distribution of the light beam after passing through the encoder; and a determination module configured to determine spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the first information and information of lights of the wavelengths by the controller.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the encoder is integrated on an optical chip, and the optical chip comprises: a first coupler, an encoding structure, and a second coupler; the modulation module is configured to pass the light beam through the first coupler to obtain a plurality of light beams through free diffraction, each of the plurality of light beams comprising light of a plurality of wavelengths; pass the plurality of light beams through a plurality of light paths through the encoding structure to obtain a second light signal; the length of each of the plurality of light paths is different, and the length difference between each adjacent two groups of light paths in the plurality of light paths is also different; and pass the second light signal through the second coupler to obtain the first light signal through free diffraction.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the encoding structure comprises a waveguide array; and the modulation module is configured to pass the plurality of light beams through the waveguide array to obtain the second light signal after the plurality of light beams are transmitted through a plurality of waveguides in the waveguide array, the plurality of waveguides corresponding to the plurality of light paths in a one-to-one manner.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the spectrum sensing device further comprises: a plurality of phase shifters arranged on the waveguide array; the plurality of phase shifters correspond to the plurality of waveguides in a one-to-one manner; and the modulation module is configured to adjust the applied voltage of the plurality of phase shifters according to the spectrum information by using the controller, so that the phase of a third light signal transmitted in the waveguide array changes to output the first light signal.

[0036] In a possible implementation, the collector comprises: a photodetector array, the first information comprises a target electrical signal, and the information of each wavelength light comprises a speckle image of each wavelength light; and the determination module is configured to determine the spectrum information corresponding to the light beam according to the speckle image corresponding to the target electrical signal and the speckle images of the wavelength lights by using the controller.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the conversion module is configured to convert the light signal of the first light signal at a specified diffraction space position at different moments into the target electrical signal when part of the photodetectors in the photodetector array are working; or convert the first light signal at the same moment into the target electrical signal when all the photodetectors in the photodetector array are working.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the target electrical signal comprises a photocurrent, and the spectrum sensing device further comprises: an amplifier and a digital-to-analog conversion module; the electronic device further comprises: an amplification module configured to amplify the photocurrent by using the amplifier, and convert the amplified photocurrent into voltage information; a conversion module configured to convert the voltage information into a voltage sequence by using the digital-to-analog conversion module, the voltage sequence representing the light intensity information of the light beam; and a determination module configured to determine the spectrum information corresponding to the light beam according to the speckle image corresponding to the voltage sequence and the speckle images of the wavelength lights by using the controller.

[0039] In a possible implementation, the spectrum sensing device further includes a temperature detection module and a refrigeration module; and the electronic device further includes a detection module configured to detect the temperature of the optical chip by the temperature detection module; and a refrigeration module configured to perform a refrigeration operation by the refrigeration module to make the temperature of the optical chip less than the threshold value and in a constant-temperature working state if the temperature detection module detects that the temperature of the optical chip reaches the threshold value.

[0040] In a possible implementation, the encoder includes a diffraction structure, and the diffraction structure is an array of non-periodic spatial modulation diffraction unit structures; and a modulation module configured to obtain the first light signal by modulating the incident light signal to different degrees by each diffraction unit in the array of diffraction unit structures.

[0041] In a sixth aspect, a spectrum analyzer is provided, and the spectrum analyzer includes the optical chip of any one of claims 1-4 or the device of any one of claims 5-14.

[0042] In a seventh aspect, a spectrum analyzer is provided, and the spectrum analyzer includes a memory and a processor; the memory stores at least one instruction, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by the processor to enable the device to implement the method in the aspects.

[0043] In an eighth aspect, a spectrum analysis device is provided, and the device includes the optical chip of the first aspect or the device of the second aspect.

[0044] In a ninth aspect, a spectrum analysis device is provided, and the device includes a memory and a processor; the memory stores at least one instruction, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by the processor to enable the device to implement the method in the aspects.

[0045] In a tenth aspect, a terminal device is provided, and the device includes the optical chip of the first aspect or the device of the second aspect.

[0046] In an eleventh aspect, a terminal device is provided, and the device includes a memory and a processor; the memory stores at least one instruction, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by the processor to enable the device to implement the method in the aspects.

[0047] In a twelfth aspect, a computer program (product) is provided, and the computer program (product) includes computer program code, which, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform the method in the aspects.

[0048] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium storing programming or instructions is provided, and when the programming or instructions are executed on a computer, the method in the above aspects is executed.

[0049] In a fourteenth aspect, a chip is provided, comprising a processor, configured to invoke and execute instructions stored in a memory, so that a communication device in which the chip is installed executes the method in the above aspects.

[0050] In a fifteenth aspect, another chip is provided, comprising an input interface, an output interface, a processor and a memory, the input interface, the output interface, the processor and the memory are connected through internal connection paths, and the processor is configured to execute code in the memory, and when the code is executed, the processor is configured to execute the method in the above aspects.

[0051] It should be understood that the beneficial effects achieved by the technical solutions of the fourth aspect to the fifteenth aspect of the present application and the corresponding possible implementation manners can be referred to the technical effects of the first aspect, the second aspect and the third aspect and the corresponding possible implementation manners described above, and will not be described here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0052] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a grating structure included in a spectrum sensing device provided in the related art;

[0053] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an arrayed waveguide grating structure included in another spectrum sensing device provided in the related art;

[0054] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a principle of mutual restriction between resolution and bandwidth of a grating structure provided in the related art;

[0055] FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of one of optical chips provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another of optical chips provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of still another of optical chips provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of one of implementation structures of an encoder provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of one of implementation structures of a spectrum sensing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of another of implementation structures of a spectrum sensing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of a spectrum sensing method according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the specific embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0063] The spectrum sensing device is an instrument for decomposing complex light and performing spectrum detection. The spectrum sensing device can be composed of a prism or a grating.

[0064] In a related technology, the spectrum sensing device can include a grating structure, which is a regular modulation structure with high correlation, such as a grating structure with periodic grooves, each groove having the same size. The working process of the spectrum sensing device is as follows: when a light beam is incident at different positions of the grating structure, the grating structure modulates different lights in the light beam to the same or similar degree, and obtains lights with the same or similar diffraction directions, and the light energy of the lights converges at a specific spatial position, so that by detecting the light intensity at the specific spatial position, the intensities corresponding to different wavelengths of light can be known, that is, the spectrum detection is completed.

[0065] For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the spectrum sensing device includes a grating structure with periodic grooves. The periodic grooves can be understood as grooves that are completely the same and regularly arranged. The light beam can include light rays 1 and 2 of the same wavelength. The light rays 1 and 2 are parallel light. As shown by the normal line n in FIG. 1, the light rays 1 and 2 are incident at different grooves with an incident angle i, and are diffracted to obtain light rays 1' and 2' with a diffraction angle θ. Since each groove structure is the same, as shown in FIG. 1, the size of each groove is d, and the light rays 1' and 2' diffracted through each groove are still parallel light. These parallel light can converge into a point on an infinite detection plane, or converge on a detection plane at the focal point of a focusing lens, and different wavelengths of light are spatially separated on the detection plane, so that the light intensity at different positions of the detection plane can be detected, and the spectrum detection is realized.

[0066] In another related technology, the spectrum sensing device can include an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG). As shown in FIG. 2, region ① is an incident waveguide, region ② is a free propagation region, region ③ is an arrayed waveguide region, region ④ is a free propagation region, and region ⑤ is a plurality of exit waveguides. The working principle of the spectrum sensing device is as follows: a light beam is transmitted into region ② from region ①. The light wave is transmitted freely in a two-dimensional direction on the chip surface in region ② and then enters region ③. Region ③ is an arrayed waveguide region, and adjacent waveguides in this region have a fixed length difference ΔL. Therefore, for the same wavelength of signal light, the light signals in different waveguides have a fixed phase difference after transmission through the arrayed waveguide. Therefore, after free transmission in the two-dimensional plane of region ④, different phase delays are generated in the same waveguide for different wavelengths of signal light, so that at the exit end, different wavelengths of signal light converge in different waveguides, that is, convergence and exit are realized in different waveguides in region ⑤. Further, by detecting the light intensity of different waveguides, the energy information corresponding to each wavelength can be obtained, that is, the spectrum detection is completed.

[0067] In summary, whether the spectrum sensing device has a regular grating structure with high correlation regular modulation structure or the spectrum sensing device includes an arrayed waveguide grating, the resolution and bandwidth of the spectrum sensing device are mutually restricted. The reason can be explained in combination with FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 3, for a periodic modulation structure, to achieve as high a resolution as possible, different wavelengths need to be separated as far apart in space, that is, a high diffraction order needs to be used. For example, the wavelength of the incident light is λ1-λ2, and the diffraction order is changed from +2 order light to +3 order light. As shown in FIG. 3, the overlapping area of +3 order light and +2 order light is larger than the overlapping area of +2 order light and +1 order light. As can be seen, as the diffraction order increases, the overlapping of part of the wavelengths between adjacent diffraction orders increases. Effective wavelength detection can only be performed in the region where the diffraction orders do not overlap, so the greater the diffraction order, the more limited the bandwidth. Therefore, in the related art, there is a problem of mutual restriction of resolution and bandwidth.

[0068] To solve the above technical problems, an encoder is provided in the embodiments of the present application. The encoder has or has the function of a non-periodic diffraction unit. The non-periodic diffraction unit is used to make the incident light beams exit from different diffraction directions, that is, to realize free diffraction. The non-periodic diffraction unit can include a plurality of diffraction units, and different diffraction units in the non-periodic diffraction unit are used to make the incident light exit through different diffraction angles. Therefore, the encoder is used to modulate different lights in the light beams by different diffraction units in the non-periodic diffraction unit, to obtain first light signals in different diffraction directions. In the embodiments of the present application, the different lights in the light beams are modulated by different diffraction units in the non-periodic diffraction unit to obtain light in different diffraction directions. The phase of each adjacent two light signals in the light signal corresponding to the light is different, and the phase difference is also different, so that the distance of spatial separation of different wavelengths is large, and a higher resolution can be obtained. At the same time, with the increase of the diffraction order, the wavelengths of light in different diffraction directions are not easy to overlap, so that the effective wavelength detection area is large, and the bandwidth is wide. Therefore, the embodiments of the present application eliminate the restriction problem between resolution and bandwidth.

[0069] The above encoder can be a physical structure or a device integrated on an optical chip. The implementation structure of the encoder is described in detail in the following cases.

[0070] The first case is that the encoder is integrated on an optical chip.

[0071] It means that the structure of the encoder is integrated on the optical chip, so that the optical chip has the function of the encoder. In the embodiments of the present application, since the optical chip can be mass-produced and has high stability, high resolution can be realized while stability is ensured. Therefore, the restriction problem between stability and resolution in the related art is eliminated. In the present application, the material of the optical chip can not only be silicon material, but also be silicon nitride material, silicon oxide material, silicon oxynitride material, lithium niobate material, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0072] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an optical chip according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 4, the optical chip 10 can include a first coupler 11, an encoding structure 12 and a second coupler 13. The first coupler 11 is connected to one end of the encoding structure 12, and the other end of the encoding structure 12 is connected to the second coupler 13. The first coupler 11 can be a free-diffraction panel. For example, the first coupler 11 is a star coupler. The star coupler is an n x m coupler, which combines the optical power input from n optical fibers together and distributes the optical power to m optical fibers uniformly. m and n are positive integers greater than 0, and m and n are not necessarily equal. That is, the optical beam is divided into n optical beams, which are received by the first coupler 11. After receiving the n optical beams, the first coupler 11 obtains m optical beams through free-diffraction, and each of the m optical beams includes optical beams of multiple wavelengths. Then, the first coupler 11 transmits the m optical beams to the encoding structure 12. The encoding structure 12 transmits the m optical beams through m optical paths. The lengths of the m optical paths are different, and the length differences between every two adjacent groups of optical paths are also different. Then, the m optical beams are transmitted through the m optical paths to obtain second optical signals. The phases of the optical signals output from each of the m optical paths are different, and the phase differences between the optical signals output from every two adjacent groups of optical paths are also different. The second coupler 13 obtains first optical signals through free-diffraction of the second optical signals. Similarly, the second coupler 13 can also be a free-diffraction panel. For example, the second coupler 13 is a star coupler. The second coupler 13 has the same working principle and implementation process as the first coupler 11, and the details are not described herein. In the embodiment of the present application, because the lengths of the m optical paths are different, and the length differences between every two adjacent groups of optical paths are also different, the phases of the optical signals transmitted through the m optical paths are different, and the phase differences between the optical signals are also different, thereby eliminating the restriction between resolution and bandwidth.

[0073] Of course, as shown in FIG. 5, the incident module A is connected with the first coupler 11, and the second coupler 13 is connected with the exit module B. The working of the incident module A and the exit module B is that the light beams can be transmitted to the first coupler 11 through the incident module A, and the light modulated by the coding structure 12 can be transmitted to the exit module B through the second coupler 13, and the light signal output by the exit module B is collected by the collector 2. Among them, the incident module A and the exit module B can both be a fiber array. The fiber array (FA) is an array formed by installing a bundle of optical fibers or an optical fiber ribbon on a substrate according to a specified interval using a V-shaped groove (V-groove) substrate. In an example, at least one of the incident module A and the exit module B can be integrated on the optical chip 10. That is, the incident module A can be integrated on the optical chip 10, or the exit module B can be integrated on the optical chip 10, or both the incident module A and the exit module B can be integrated on the optical chip 10.

[0074] In an example, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the coding structure 12 can include a waveguide array 121. The multiple waveguides in the waveguide array 121 transmit the multiple light beams through the waveguides to obtain the second light signal, the multiple waveguides correspond to the multiple light paths one by one, the length of each waveguide in the multiple waveguides is different, and the length difference between each adjacent two waveguides in the multiple waveguides is also different. In the above example, the m light paths can be m waveguides in the waveguide array 121. The coding structure 12 transmits the m light beams through the m waveguides in the waveguide array 121 to obtain the second light signal. In the embodiment of the present application, by using the waveguide array as the coding structure, the waveguide array is composed of multiple waveguides, the length of each waveguide in the multiple waveguides is different, and the length difference between each adjacent two waveguides in the multiple waveguides is different, so that the phase of the light signal transmitted through the waveguide array is different, and the phase difference of the light signals transmitted by each adjacent two waveguides is different, thereby eliminating the restriction problem between the resolution and the bandwidth.

[0075] In order to make the phase of the optical signal adjustable, as shown in FIG. 6, the optical chip 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application can further include a plurality of phase shifters 14 arranged on the waveguide array 121. The phase shifter 14 can be a carrier injection type silicon-based modulator, or a carrier depletion type modulator, a thermo-optic phase shifter, a Pockels effect-based electro-optic modulator, a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMs) type modulator, etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. The plurality of phase shifters 14 correspond to the plurality of waveguides one by one, which means that there is one phase shifter on each waveguide. Each phase shifter can include two electrodes arranged on the same waveguide, when the voltages applied by the two electrodes are different, the two electrodes can generate an electric field under different voltages and change the transmission direction of light under the action of the electric field, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the phase of the optical signal. In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging a plurality of phase shifters, the phase shifters correspond to the plurality of waveguides in the waveguide array one by one, which means that there is a phase shifter on each waveguide. In this way, by controlling the voltage of the phase shifter, the phase of the optical signal transmitted in the waveguide array changes under the action of the electric field, so as to change the output optical signal of the encoder, thereby achieving the modulation effect of the optical signal.

[0076] The second case is that the encoder is a physical structure.

[0077] FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of an implementation structure of an encoder according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7, the encoder 1 can include a diffraction structure 15, which is an array of diffraction unit structures of non-periodic spatial modulation. Each diffraction unit in the array of diffraction unit structures is configured to modulate an incident light signal to different degrees to obtain a first light signal. Exemplarily, the diffraction structure 15 has non-periodically arranged grooves, each of which has a different size. Exemplarily, the diffraction structure 15 includes a first groove, a second groove, a third groove, and a fourth groove. The first groove, the second groove, the third groove, and the fourth groove have different sizes, which are d1, d2, d3, and d4, respectively. The light beam includes parallel light and non-parallel light. The parallel light can include light rays 1 and 2. The non-parallel light can include light rays 3 and 4. The light ray 1 is incident on the first groove at an incident angle i1 and is diffracted by the first groove at a diffraction angle θ1 to obtain a light ray 1'. The light ray 2 is incident on the second groove at the incident angle i1 and is diffracted by the second groove at a diffraction angle θ2 to obtain a light ray 2'. As can be seen, the diffraction angle θ1 and the diffraction angle θ2 are different, and thus the light rays 1' and 2' emitted by the grating structure 14 become non-parallel light. The light ray 3 is incident on the third groove at an incident angle i2 and is diffracted by the first groove at a diffraction angle θ3 to obtain a light ray 3'. The light ray 4 is incident on the fourth groove at an incident angle i3 and is diffracted by the fourth groove at a diffraction angle θ4 to obtain a light ray 4'. As can be seen, the diffraction angle θ3 and the diffraction angle θ4 are different, and thus the light rays 3' and 4' emitted by the diffraction structure 15 are still non-parallel light. Therefore, after the light beam is diffracted by the non-periodically arranged grooves, light is emitted in different diffraction directions. In the embodiment of the present application, different light in the light beam is incident on different diffraction units in the array of diffraction unit structures of non-periodic spatial modulation, and the results of the modulation are different, to obtain light signals in different diffraction directions, thereby achieving decoupling of resolution and bandwidth.

[0078] In an example, at least one hole can be further arranged on the non-periodically arranged grooves. The hole is configured to change the diffraction direction of the light ray. Therefore, arranging at least one hole on the non-periodically arranged grooves can enhance the effect of free diffraction of the grating structure, so that the light beam is more divergent after being incident on the grating structure, and thus the distance of spatial separation of light of different wavelengths is larger.

[0079] Based on the above-mentioned implementation structure of the encoder, the embodiment of the present application further provides a spectrum sensing device comprising the above-mentioned encoder. The device can further comprise a collector and a controller. The encoder is electrically connected with the collector, and the collector is electrically connected with the controller. The collector is configured to convert the first light signal output by the encoder into first information, and the first information is configured to represent the light intensity distribution of the light beam after passing through the encoder. The controller is configured to determine the spectrum information corresponding to the light beam according to the first information and the information of the light of each wavelength. Therefore, based on the above-mentioned encoder comprising the aperiodic diffraction unit, the light of different wavelengths in the light beam is modulated by different diffraction units in the aperiodic diffraction unit to obtain light of different diffraction directions, and the phase of each adjacent two light signals in the light signal corresponding to the light is different, and the phase difference is also different, so that the different wavelengths are separated in space, and a higher resolution can be obtained. At the same time, with the increase of the diffraction order, the light of each wavelength in different diffraction directions is not easy to overlap, so that the effective wavelength detection area is larger, and the bandwidth is wider. Therefore, the restriction problem between the resolution and the bandwidth is eliminated, and the spectrum sensing device with both bandwidth and resolution can be realized.

[0080] Exemplarily, the following is based on the example that the encoder 1 is integrated in the optical chip 10, and the spectral sensing device 100 is described in detail. FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a spectral sensing device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 8, the collector 2 can include a photodetector array 21, and the photodetector array 21 can include a plurality of photodetectors. Of course, the photodetector array 21 can also be one photodetector, and the present application does not make specific limitations. For example, the photodetector can be a photodiode (PD). In the present embodiment, not only the encoder 1 can be integrated on the optical chip, but also the photodetector array can be integrated on the optical chip, which is not limited herein. Of course, the photodetector array can also be electrically connected to the optical chip through an optical fiber. The controller 3 can be a micro control unit (MCU). The working principle of the spectral sensing device 100 can be as follows: the light beam is incident on the optical chip 10, and the non-periodic diffraction unit integrated on the optical chip 10 causes different lights in the incident light beam to be emitted from different diffraction directions, thereby obtaining first light signals in different diffraction directions. The photodetector array 21 converts the first light signals into first information, and the controller 3 determines the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the first information and the information of the lights of different wavelengths. In the present embodiment, the structure of the encoder is integrated on the optical chip, so that the optical chip has the function of the encoder, and the fast modulation technology of the chip can be used to realize fast signal acquisition, which is efficient. In addition, since the optical chip can be mass-produced and has high stability, high resolution can be realized while stability is ensured, thereby eliminating the restriction problem between stability and resolution. Therefore, the optical chip is used in the spectral sensing device provided in the present embodiment, so that the spectral sensing device has bandwidth, resolution and stability at the same time.

[0081] The first light signals obtained in the above embodiments can be light signals gathered at a certain specific spatial position at different time instants, or light signals gathered at different spatial positions at the same time instant. The first information can include a target electrical signal, and the information of the lights of different wavelengths can include speckle images of the lights of different wavelengths. The following is a detailed description in combination with the composition block diagram of the spectral sensing device shown in FIG. 8 for different cases.

[0082] In case one, if the first light signals are light signals gathered at a certain specific spatial position at different time instants, part of the photodetectors in the photodetector array 21 are in a working state. In this case, the photodetector array 21 converts the light signals at the specified diffraction spatial position at different time instants into a target electrical signal. Since the photodetector array can detect a plurality of light signals at the same position, the light signal detection can be realized based on a time division multiplexing manner, the photodetector is cheap and has low cost, and the mutual restriction problem between cost and bandwidth is eliminated.

[0083] In case two, if the first light signal is the light signal gathered at different spatial positions at the same time, each photodetector in the photodetector array 21 is in working state. In this case, the photodetector array 21 converts the light signal at different spatial positions at the same time into the target electrical signal, and the light signal at different positions can be converted into the target electrical signal at the same time, which is high in efficiency.

[0084] After the photodetector array 21 converts the first light signal into the target electrical signal, the photodetector array 21 sends the target electrical signal to the controller 3, and the controller 3 determines the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the speckle image corresponding to the target electrical signal and the speckle images of lights of different wavelengths. Since the lights of different wavelengths are independently transmitted, when the light beam containing multiple wavelengths is incident on the encoder 1, the speckle image corresponding to the target electrical signal obtained by the photodetector array 21 collecting the output light signal can be understood as the result of the speckle images of lights of different wavelengths being overlapped with different weights. Then, the weight of the speckle image of each wavelength light is the spectral information of the light beam. Therefore, the expression of the spectral information corresponding to the light beam can be expressed as: the speckle image corresponding to the first light signal = p1*the speckle image of the first wavelength light + p2*the speckle image of the second wavelength light + … + pj*the speckle image of the jth wavelength light, j is a positive integer greater than 2. Wherein, p1, p2… pj are the light intensities of the light beam at different spatial positions, that is, the spectral information corresponding to the light beam.

[0085] Of course, the expression of the spectral information can also be expressed as:

[0086] Y = H·S

[0087] Wherein, Y is the speckle image corresponding to the first light signal, Y can be expressed as: y1, y2…yn represent the speckle images of lights of different wavelengths in the first light signal; H is the information of lights of different wavelengths pre-calibrated, H can be expressed as: Each row represents the speckle image output by the encoder when each wavelength light is incident, and each column represents a certain spatial position; S is the weight of the speckle image of each wavelength light, S can be expressed as: s1, s2…sn represent the weights of the speckle images of lights of different wavelengths.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, the first light signal is converted into a target electric signal by the photodetector array, and the speckle image corresponding to the target electric signal and the speckle images of the light of each wavelength pre-stored are operated by the controller to obtain the spectral information of the light beam. It can be understood that, since the photodetector array collects the speckle image, the bandwidth is completely determined by the number of units of the photodetector array, and therefore, the bandwidth is not restricted by the resolution. In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the photodetector array used can include a plurality of photodetectors, and the photodetectors can not work at the same time, so that a plurality of light signals at different times at the same position can be detected, and the light signal detection can be realized based on the time division multiplexing manner. The photodetector is cheap and has low cost, and the mutual restriction problem between the cost and the bandwidth is eliminated. Therefore, the spectral sensing device provided in the embodiment of the present application can simultaneously have the bandwidth, the resolution, the stability and the low cost.

[0089] Exemplarily, the above target electric signal can include a photocurrent, which means that the photodetector array 21 converts the first light signal into a photocurrent. Correspondingly, as shown in FIG. 9, the spectral sensing device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can further include an amplifier 4 and an analog-to-digital conversion module (ADC) 5. The amplifier 4 can be a trans impedance amplifier (TIA). One end of the amplifier 4 is electrically connected with the photodetector array 21, the other end of the amplifier 4 is electrically connected with one end of the analog-to-digital conversion module 5, and the other end of the analog-to-digital conversion module 5 is electrically connected with the controller (MCU) 3. After the photodetector 21 converts the first light signal into a photocurrent, the photocurrent is amplified by the amplifier 4. The amplifier 4 converts the amplified photocurrent into voltage information, and inputs the voltage information into the analog-to-digital conversion module 5. The analog-to-digital conversion module 5 converts the voltage information into a voltage sequence, and the voltage sequence represents the light intensity information of the light beam. The analog-to-digital conversion module 5 sends the voltage sequence to the controller 3. The controller 3 determines the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the speckle image corresponding to the voltage sequence and the speckle images of the light of each wavelength. For example, the controller 3 loads the same voltage sequence according to the voltage sequence sent by the analog-to-digital conversion module 5, acquires the corresponding output signal intensity, and completes the recovery and reconstruction of the spectrum by matrix calculation of the signal and the wavelength library signal pre-stored, so as to determine the spectral information corresponding to the light beam.

[0090] As described above, in the case of integrating the encoder on the optical chip, in order to prevent the temperature of the optical chip from being too high to affect the performance, as shown in FIG. 9, the spectrum sensing device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can further comprise a temperature detection module 6 and a refrigeration module 7. The temperature detection module 6 can be a thermistor 6. The refrigeration module 7 can be a thermo electric cooler (TEC) 7. The temperature detection module 6 can be arranged on the optical chip 10, or the temperature detection module 6 can be electrically connected with the optical chip 10. The temperature detection module 6 is used to detect the temperature of the optical chip 10. The temperature detection module 6 is electrically connected with the refrigeration module 7. In the case that the temperature detection module 6 detects that the temperature of the optical chip 10 reaches a threshold value, the refrigeration module 7 performs a refrigeration operation to make the temperature of the optical chip 10 less than the threshold value and in a constant temperature working state. In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the temperature detection module, the temperature of the optical chip can be detected; and by arranging the refrigeration module, in the case that the detected temperature reaches the threshold value, the refrigeration operation is performed to make the temperature of the optical chip less than the threshold value, so that the optical chip can be in a constant temperature working state, and the working performance of the optical chip is maximized.

[0091] In addition, in an example, the spectrum sensing device 100 shown in FIG. 9 can further comprise a storage module, which is electrically connected with the controller 3. The storage module is used to store the existing wavelength library information, and also store the voltage sequence needed to be applied to the optical chip for tuning, etc. The wavelength library information can be constructed in the following way: in the calibration process, the same voltage sequence is applied to each incident calibration single wavelength, and the corresponding output signal intensity under different voltages is collected, so as to complete the construction of the wavelength information library. In another example, the spectrum sensing device 100 shown in FIG. 9 can further comprise a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), which is electrically connected with the controller 3 and the optical chip 10 respectively. The DAC is used to convert the control signal output by the controller 3 into a voltage sequence, so as to apply the voltage to the plurality of phase shifters in the encoder 1 on the optical chip 10, so that the plurality of phase shifters change the phase of the optical signal transmitted in the above-mentioned waveguide array under the action of different voltages to output the first optical signal, so as to change the optical signal output by the encoder, thereby achieving the function of modulating the encoder. In an example, the spectrum sensing device 100 shown in FIG. 9 can further comprise a fiber array (FA), i.e. the incident module A in the above-mentioned embodiment. The FA is used to transmit light to the optical chip 10.

[0092] The application scenarios of the optical chip and the spectrum sensing device can include data center scenarios, backbone network scenarios, and terminal device scenarios, etc. Of course, the optical chip and the spectrum sensing device can also be applied to other scenarios, such as spectrum analysis scenarios, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application. Exemplarily, the optical chip and the spectrum sensing device provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to an optical performance monitoring module (OPM) in a wavelength division optical communication network. The module is used for monitoring the states of different wavelength channels and timely monitoring and alarming the abnormal channels corresponding to one or more wavelengths. Alternatively, the optical chip and the spectrum sensing device provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to a dedicated network element device in a transport network.

[0093] Based on the spectrum sensing device, the embodiments of the present application provide a spectrum sensing method. The method is applied to the spectrum sensing device, and the device includes an encoder, a collector, and a controller. The encoder includes a non-periodic diffraction unit, and different diffraction units in the non-periodic diffraction unit are used to emit incident light at different diffraction angles. FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a spectrum sensing method provided in the embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 10, the method can include the following steps.

[0094] S1001, modulating different lights in a light beam by different diffraction units in a non-periodic diffraction unit of an encoder to obtain a first optical signal in different diffraction directions.

[0095] In an example, the encoder can include a non-periodic diffraction unit, and different diffraction units in the non-periodic diffraction unit are used to emit incident light at different diffraction angles. Based on the structure of the encoder, the encoder modulates different lights in a light beam by different diffraction units in a non-periodic diffraction unit to obtain a first optical signal in different diffraction directions.

[0096] Exemplarily, the non-periodic diffraction unit can be a diffraction structure, and the diffraction structure is an array of non-periodic spatial modulation diffraction unit structures. Exemplarily, the diffraction structure can be a non-periodic arrangement of grooves, and the sizes of the grooves are different. The non-periodic arrangement of grooves is used to emit incident light beams from different diffraction directions to obtain a first optical signal. Accordingly, S1001 can be implemented by modulating different lights in a light beam by different degrees through each diffraction unit in the array of diffraction unit structures to obtain a first optical signal in different diffraction directions.

[0097] Exemplarily, the encoder is integrated on an optical chip, and the encoder or the optical chip can include a first coupler, an encoding structure, and a second coupler. Accordingly, S1001 can be implemented as: S10011, passing the light beam through free diffraction by the first coupler to obtain a plurality of light beams, each of which includes light of a plurality of wavelengths; S10012, passing the plurality of light beams through a plurality of light paths by the modulation structure to obtain a second optical signal; the lengths of each of the plurality of light paths are different, and the length differences of each of the adjacent two groups of light paths in the plurality of light paths are also different; S10013, passing the second optical signal through free diffraction by the second coupler to obtain the first optical signal. For example, the encoding structure can include a waveguide array; accordingly, S10012 can be implemented as: obtaining the second optical signal by passing the plurality of light beams through the waveguide transmission of the plurality of waveguides in the waveguide array, and the plurality of waveguides correspond one-to-one to the plurality of light paths.

[0098] In some embodiments, the encoder further includes: a plurality of phase shifters arranged on the waveguide array; the plurality of phase shifters correspond one-to-one to the plurality of waveguides; accordingly, S1001 can be implemented as: adjusting the applied voltage of the plurality of phase shifters by the controller according to the spectral information, so that the phase of the third optical signal transmitted in the waveguide array changes to output the first optical signal. Wherein, each phase shifter can include two electrodes, the two electrodes are arranged on the same waveguide respectively, when the two electrodes apply different voltages, the two electrodes can generate electric fields at different voltages and change the transmission direction of light under the action of the electric fields, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the phase of the optical signal. And the controller can control the applied voltage of the plurality of phase shifters to obtain the optical signal output by the encoder. Of course, the controller can also adjust the applied voltage of the plurality of phase shifters according to the spectral information, so as to adjust the optical signal output by the encoder.

[0099] S1002, converting the first optical signal into first information by the collector, the first information being used to represent the light intensity distribution of the light beam after passing through the encoder.

[0100] Wherein, the collector can include: a photodetector array, the photodetector array includes a plurality of photodetectors, which can work simultaneously or not. Of course, the collector can also include a camera, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In the embodiments of the present application, the collector is taken as an example of the photodetector array.

[0101] Wherein, the first information can include a target electrical signal. The target electrical signal can include but is not limited to a voltage signal or a current signal. Exemplarily, S1002 can be implemented as: in the case that part of the photodetectors in the photodetector array work, converting the optical signal of the first optical signal at different time at the specified diffraction space position into the target electrical signal; or in the case that all the photodetectors in the photodetector array work, converting the first optical signal at the same time into the target electrical signal.

[0102] In an example, the target electrical signal includes a photocurrent, and correspondingly, S1002 can be implemented by converting the first light signal into the photocurrent by the photodetector array.

[0103] S1003, determining, by the controller, spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the first information and information of each wavelength light.

[0104] Exemplarily, the information of each wavelength light can include, but is not limited to, a speckle image of each wavelength light. S1003 can be implemented by determining, by the controller, the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to a speckle image corresponding to the target electrical signal and speckle images of each wavelength light. The determination of the spectral information can refer to the related description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0105] In an example, the target electrical signal can include a photocurrent, and correspondingly, the apparatus further includes an amplifier and a digital-to-analog conversion module. After S1002, the method further includes: S1004, amplifying the photocurrent by the amplifier, and converting the amplified photocurrent into voltage information. S1005, converting the voltage information into a voltage sequence by the digital-to-analog conversion module, the voltage sequence representing light intensity information of the light beam. Correspondingly, S1003 can be implemented by determining, by the controller, the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to a speckle image corresponding to the voltage sequence and speckle images of each wavelength light.

[0106] In some embodiments, in the case that the encoder is integrated on the optical chip, the above apparatus can further include a temperature detection module and a refrigeration module; and the method further includes: S1006, detecting, by the temperature detection module, a temperature of the optical chip. Exemplarily, the temperature detection module can be a temperature sensor, a thermistor, or other devices for detecting temperature, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. S1007, in the case that the temperature detection module detects that the temperature of the optical chip reaches a threshold value, performing a refrigeration operation by the refrigeration module to make the temperature of the optical chip less than the threshold value and in a constant temperature working state. Exemplarily, the refrigeration module can be a semiconductor refrigeration piece, a fan, etc. In the present application, by setting the temperature detection module, the temperature of the optical chip can be detected; and by setting the refrigeration module, the refrigeration operation can be performed to make the temperature of the optical chip less than the threshold value in the case that the detected temperature reaches the threshold value, so that the optical chip can be in a constant temperature working state, and the working performance of the optical chip is maximized.

[0107] The embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device applied to the spectrum sensing device, the spectrum sensing device comprising an encoder, a collector and a controller, the encoder comprising aperiodic diffraction units, different diffraction units in the aperiodic diffraction units being used to emit incident light by different diffraction angles, and the electronic device comprising: a modulation module configured to modulate different lights in a light beam by different diffraction units in the aperiodic diffraction units through the encoder to obtain first light signals in different diffraction directions; a conversion module configured to convert the first light signals into first information through the collector, the first information being used to represent the light intensity distribution of the light beam after the light beam passes through the encoder; and a determination module configured to determine spectrum information corresponding to the light beam according to the first information and information of lights of different wavelengths through the controller.

[0108] In a possible implementation, the encoder is integrated on an optical chip, the optical chip comprising: a first coupler, an encoding structure and a second coupler; the modulation module is configured to obtain multiple light beams by free diffraction of the light beam through the first coupler, each of the multiple light beams comprising lights of multiple wavelengths; transmit the multiple light beams through multiple light paths by the encoding structure to obtain second light signals; the lengths of the multiple light paths are different, and the length differences between every two adjacent groups of light paths in the multiple light paths are also different; and the second light signals are obtained by free diffraction of the second light signals through the second coupler to obtain the first light signals.

[0109] In a possible implementation, the encoding structure comprises a waveguide array; and the modulation module is configured to obtain the second light signals by waveguide transmission of the multiple light beams through multiple waveguides in the waveguide array, the multiple waveguides corresponding to the multiple light paths in one-to-one correspondence.

[0110] In a possible implementation, the spectrum sensing device further comprises: multiple phase shifters arranged on the waveguide array; the multiple phase shifters correspond to the multiple waveguides in one-to-one correspondence; and the modulation module is configured to adjust applied voltages of the multiple phase shifters according to the spectrum information through the controller, so that the phases of third light signals transmitted in the waveguide array are changed to output the first light signals.

[0111] In a possible implementation, the collector comprises: a photodetector array, the first information comprising a target electric signal, and the information of the lights of different wavelengths comprising speckle images of the lights of different wavelengths; and the determination module is configured to determine the spectrum information corresponding to the light beam according to the speckle images corresponding to the target electric signal and the speckle images of the lights of different wavelengths through the controller.

[0112] In a possible implementation, the conversion module is configured to convert light signals of the first light signals at specified diffraction spatial positions at different moments into the target electric signal in a case where part of the photodetectors in the photodetector array work; or convert the first light signals at the same moment into the target electric signal in a case where all the photodetectors in the photodetector array work.

[0113] In a possible implementation, the target electrical signal includes a photocurrent, the optical spectrum sensing device further includes an amplifier and a digital-to-analog conversion module, and the electronic device further includes an amplification module configured to amplify the photocurrent by the amplifier and convert the amplified photocurrent into voltage information, a conversion module configured to convert the voltage information into a voltage sequence by the digital-to-analog conversion module, the voltage sequence representing the light intensity information of the light beam, and a determination module configured to determine the spectrum information corresponding to the light beam according to the speckle image corresponding to the voltage sequence and the speckle images of the light beams of different wavelengths by the controller.

[0114] In a possible implementation, the optical spectrum sensing device further includes a temperature detection module and a refrigeration module, and the electronic device further includes a detection module configured to detect the temperature of the optical chip by the temperature detection module, and a refrigeration module configured to perform a refrigeration operation by the refrigeration module to make the temperature of the optical chip less than a threshold and in a constant-temperature working state in a case where the temperature detection module detects that the temperature of the optical chip reaches the threshold.

[0115] In a possible implementation, the encoder includes a diffraction structure, and the diffraction structure is an array of non-periodic spatial modulation diffraction unit structures; and a modulation module configured to obtain the first light signal by modulating the incident light signal to different degrees by each diffraction unit in the array of diffraction unit structures.

[0116] It should be understood that the electronic device described above is only used as an example to illustrate the division of the functional modules in achieving its functions, and in actual applications, the functions described above can be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the device and method embodiments provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0117] The optical spectrum analysis device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the optical chip provided in the embodiment of the present application or the optical spectrum sensing device provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0118] The optical spectrum analysis device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a processor, the processor is configured to load and run at least one instruction to enable the terminal device to implement the optical spectrum sensing method provided in the embodiment of the present application. Optionally, the device further includes a memory, the memory is coupled with the processor, and the memory is configured to store at least one instruction.

[0119] The terminal device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the optical chip provided in the embodiment of the present application or the optical spectrum sensing device provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0120] The embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal device, which comprises a processor, the processor is used for loading and running at least one instruction, so that the terminal device implements the spectrum sensing method provided by the embodiment of the present application. Optionally, the device further comprises a memory, the memory is coupled with the processor, and the memory is used for storing at least one instruction.

[0121] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, at least one instruction is stored in the storage medium, the instruction is loaded and executed by the processor, so that the computer implements the spectrum sensing method as any one of the above.

[0122] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program (product), when the computer program is executed by the computer, can make the processor or the computer execute the corresponding steps and / or processes in the above method embodiment.

[0123] The embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, the chip comprises a processor, the processor is used for calling and running the instruction stored in the memory, so that the device installed with the chip executes the spectrum sensing method as any one of the above.

[0124] The embodiment of the present application further provides another chip, comprising: an input interface, an output interface, a processor and a memory, the input interface, the output interface, the processor and the memory are connected through internal connection path, the processor is used for executing the code in the memory, when the code is executed, the processor is used for executing the spectrum sensing method as any one of the above.

[0125] In the above embodiments, all or part can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, all or part can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, all or part generates the processes or functions described in the present application. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions can be transferred from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center through wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that includes one or more available media sets. The available media can be magnetic media (for example, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), optical media (for example, DVD), or semiconductor media (for example, Solid State Disk) and the like.

[0126] It should be noted that the information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.), data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) and signals involved in the present application are all authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of related data need to comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards of relevant countries and regions. For example, the setting results involved in the present application are obtained under full authorization.

[0127] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that, in combination with the method steps and modules described in the embodiments disclosed herein, all or part can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the steps and components of the embodiments have been described in the above description. Whether the functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those of ordinary skill in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0128] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of the above embodiments can be completed by hardware, or by a program instructing related hardware, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0129] When implemented in software, the functions can be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computing device. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computing device, or a general-purpose or special-purpose computing device. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, or twisted pair, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, or twisted pair are included in the definition of medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), and Blu-Ray® disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0130] In one embodiment, the functions described can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions can be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. In this manner, a computer-readable medium can take many forms, including but not limited to, a tangible storage medium, a carrier wave associated with a propagated signal, or a compressed or uncompressed version of a computer program, and / or other program code.

[0131] In the context of the present embodiment, computer program code or related data a can be embodied in any suitable form and carried by any suitable carrier. Examples of carriers include signals, computer readable media, and the like.

[0132] Examples of signals can include, but are not limited to, electrical, electromagnetic, optical, sound, or other forms of propagated signals.

[0133] Machine-readable media can be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computing device. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computing device, or a general-purpose or special-purpose computing device. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, or twisted pair, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, or twisted pair are included in the definition of medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), and Blu-Ray® disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0134] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described system, device and module can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0135] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic, for example, the division of the module is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division mode, for example, a plurality of modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the displayed or discussed modules can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or modules, and can also be electrical, mechanical or other form of connection.

[0136] The module described as a separate component can be or can not be physically separated, and the component displayed as a module can be or can not be a physical module, that is, can be located in one place, or can be distributed to a plurality of network modules. Part or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present application.

[0137] In addition, the functional modules in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing module, or each module can exist physically, or two or more modules can be integrated in one module. The integrated module can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module.

[0138] When the integrated module is realized in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application essentially or say the part of the prior art that contributes to the technical solutions, or all or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods in the embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various storage program codes.

[0139] The terms "first", "second", and the like, used in the present application, are used to distinguish between similar or identical items or items having substantially the same function, and it should be understood that there is no logical or chronological dependency between "first", "second", and "n", nor is the quantity and execution order limited. It should also be understood that although the following description uses the terms first, second, and the like to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by the terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of various described examples, a first image can be referred to as a second image, and similarly, a second image can be referred to as a first image. The first image and the second image can both be images, and in some cases, can be separate and distinct images.

[0140] It should also be understood that in various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial number of various processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of various processes should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0141] In the present application, the term "at least one" means one or more, and the term "multiple" in the present application means two or more, for example, multiple second messages means two or more second messages. The terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably in the present application.

[0142] It should be understood that the terms used in the description of various described examples herein are only for the description of specific examples, and are not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of various described examples and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0143] It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein means and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The term "and / or" is a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in the present application generally represents an "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects.

[0144] It should also be understood that the term "includes" (also referred to as "includes", "including", "comprises" and / or "comprising") when used in the present specification specifies the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0145] It also should be understood that the terms “if’ and “when” can be interpreted to mean “upon” or “in response to a determination” or “in response to a detection.” Similarly, the phrase “if determined” or “if detected [a stated condition or event]” can be interpreted to mean “upon a determination” or “in response to a determination” or “upon a detection” or “in response to a detection” of [a stated condition or event], depending on the context.

[0146] It should be understood that a determination of B from A does not mean that B is determined only from A, but B can also be determined from A and / or other information.

[0147] It also should be understood that the description throughout the specification uses expressions such as “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” “one possible implementation,” “a possible implementation,” and the like, to encompass a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment or implementation. Thus, appearances of the phrase “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” or “one possible implementation” at various places throughout the specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment or implementation. Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

Claims

1. An optical chip, characterized by, The optical chip (10) is integrated with an encoder (1), and the encoder (1) comprises: aperiodic diffraction units, different diffraction units in the aperiodic diffraction units are used to emit incident light by different diffraction angles; The encoder (1) is used for modulating different lights in the light beam by different diffraction units in the aperiodic diffraction units to obtain first light signals in different diffraction directions.

2. The optical chip of claim 1, wherein, The optical chip (10) comprises: A first coupler (11) is used for obtaining multiple light beams by free diffraction of a light beam, and each light beam comprises multiple wavelengths of light; An encoding structure (12) is used for transmitting the multiple light beams through multiple light paths to obtain second light signals; the lengths of each light path in the multiple light paths are different, and the length differences of every two adjacent groups of light paths in the multiple light paths are also different; A second coupler (13) is used for obtaining the first light signals by free diffraction of the second light signals.

3. The optical chip of claim 2, wherein, The encoding structure (12) comprises: A waveguide array (121), and multiple waveguides in the waveguide array (121) are used to transmit the multiple light beams through the waveguides to obtain the second light signals, and the multiple waveguides correspond to the multiple light paths one by one.

4. The optical chip of claim 3, wherein, The encoder (1) further comprises: a plurality of phase shifters (14) arranged on the waveguide array (121); the plurality of phase shifters (14) correspond to the multiple waveguides one by one; In the case that the plurality of phase shifters (14) are applied with voltages, the plurality of phase shifters (14) are used to generate an electric field to change the phases of third light signals transmitted in the waveguide array to output the first light signals.

5. A spectroscopic sensing device, characterized by The device comprises the optical chip (10) in any one of claims 1-4.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The device further comprises a collector (2) and a controller (3), the encoder (1) is electrically connected with the collector (2), and the collector (2) is electrically connected with the controller (3); The collector (2) is used to convert the first light signals obtained by the encoder (1) in the optical chip (10) into first information, and the first information is used to represent the light intensity distribution of the light beam after the light beam passes through the encoder (1); The controller (3) is used to determine spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the first information and information of each wavelength of light.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The first information comprises a target electric signal, and the information of each wavelength of light comprises speckle images of each wavelength of light; the collector (2) comprises: a photodetector array (21) used to convert the first light signals into the target electric signal; The controller (3) is used to determine the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to a speckle image corresponding to the target electric signal and the speckle images of each wavelength of light.

8. The device according to claim 7, wherein, In the case that part of the photodetectors in the photodetector array (21) work, the part of the photodetectors are used to convert light signals of the first light signals at different times at a specified diffraction spatial position into the target electric signal; or, In a case where all the photodetectors in the photodetector array (21) are working, the photodetector array (21) is configured to convert the first light signal at the same time into the target electrical signal.

9. The apparatus of claim 7 or 8, wherein, The target electrical signal includes a photocurrent, and the device further comprises an amplifier (4) and a digital-to-analog conversion module (5), the amplifier (4) is electrically connected with the photodetector array (21) and the digital-to-analog conversion module (5) respectively, and the digital-to-analog conversion module (5) is electrically connected with the controller (3); The photodetector array (21) is configured to convert the first light signal into the photocurrent. The amplifier (4) is configured to amplify the photocurrent and convert the amplified photocurrent into voltage information. The digital-to-analog conversion module (5) is configured to convert the voltage information into a voltage sequence, and the voltage sequence represents light intensity information of the light beam. The controller (3) is configured to determine spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to a speckle image corresponding to the voltage sequence and speckle images of the light beams of different wavelengths.

10. The apparatus of any one of claims 5-9, wherein, The device further comprises: A temperature detection module (6) configured to detect a temperature of the optical chip (10); A refrigeration module (7) configured to perform a refrigeration operation to make the temperature of the optical chip (10) less than a threshold value and in a constant temperature working state in a case where the temperature detection module (6) detects that the temperature of the optical chip (10) reaches the threshold value.

11. A spectroscopic sensing device, characterized by The device comprises: An encoder (1) comprising a diffraction structure (15), the diffraction structure (15) being an array of non-periodic spatial modulation diffraction unit structures, each diffraction unit in the array being configured to modulate an incident light signal to different degrees to obtain a first light signal; A collector (2) configured to convert the first light signal into first information, the first information being used to represent a light intensity distribution of the light beam after passing through the encoder (1); A controller (3) configured to determine spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the first information and information of light beams of different wavelengths.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein, The first information includes a target electrical signal, and the information of the light beams of different wavelengths includes speckle images of the light beams of different wavelengths; and the collector (2) comprises a photodetector array (21) configured to convert the first light signal into the target electrical signal. The controller (3) is configured to determine spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to a speckle image corresponding to the target electrical signal and the speckle images of the light beams of different wavelengths.

13. The device of claim 12, wherein, In a case where part of the photodetectors in the photodetector array (21) are working, the part of the photodetectors are configured to convert light signals of the first light signal at different times at a designated diffraction spatial position into the target electrical signal; or In a case where all the photodetectors in the photodetector array (21) are working, the photodetector array (21) is configured to convert the first light signal at the same time into the target electrical signal.

14. The apparatus of claim 12 or 13, wherein, The target electric signal includes a photocurrent, and the device further comprises an amplifier (4) and a digital-to-analog conversion module (5), the amplifier (4) is electrically connected with the photodetector array (21) and the digital-to-analog conversion module (5) respectively, and the digital-to-analog conversion module (5) is electrically connected with the controller (3); The photodetector array (21) is used for converting the first light signal into the photocurrent; The amplifier (4) is used for amplifying the photocurrent and converting the amplified photocurrent into voltage information; The digital-to-analog conversion module (5) is used for converting the voltage information into a voltage sequence, and the voltage sequence represents light intensity information of the light beam; The controller (3) is used for determining spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to a speckle image corresponding to the voltage sequence and speckle images of the light of each wavelength.

15. A method of spectral sensing, the method comprising: The method is applied to a spectral sensing device, the device comprises an encoder, a collector and a controller, the encoder comprises a non-periodic diffraction unit, different diffraction units in the non-periodic diffraction unit are used for emitting incident light out by different diffraction angles, and the method comprises: Modulating different lights in a light beam by different diffraction units in the non-periodic diffraction unit through the encoder to obtain a first light signal in different diffraction directions; Converting the first light signal into first information through the collector, and the first information is used for representing light intensity distribution of the light beam after passing through the encoder; Determining spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the first information and information of light of each wavelength through the controller.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, The encoder is integrated on an optical chip, and the optical chip comprises a first coupler, an encoding structure and a second coupler; The modulation of different lights in a light beam by different diffraction units in the non-periodic diffraction unit through the encoder to obtain a first light signal in different diffraction directions comprises: Passing a light beam through free diffraction to obtain a plurality of light beams, and each light beam comprises light of a plurality of wavelengths; Passing the plurality of light beams through a plurality of light paths through the encoding structure to obtain a second light signal; the lengths of each light path in the plurality of light paths are different, and the length differences of each adjacent two groups of light paths in the plurality of light paths are also different; Passing the second light signal through free diffraction through the second coupler to obtain the first light signal.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, The encoding structure comprises a waveguide array; The passing of the plurality of light beams through a plurality of light paths through the encoding structure to obtain a second light signal comprises: Passing the plurality of light beams through the waveguide array to obtain the second light signal after transmission through the waveguide, and the plurality of waveguides correspond to the plurality of light paths one by one.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein, The device further comprises a plurality of phase shifters arranged on the waveguide array; the plurality of phase shifters correspond to the plurality of waveguides one by one; The method further comprises: Adjusting the applied voltage of the plurality of phase shifters through the controller to change the phase of a third light signal transmitted in the waveguide array to output the first light signal.

19. The method according to any one of claims 15-18, characterized by, The collector comprises a photodetector array, the first information comprises a target electrical signal, and the information of each wavelength light comprises a speckle image of each wavelength light; The determining, by the controller, of the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the first information and the information of each wavelength light comprises: The determining, by the controller, of the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the speckle image corresponding to the target electrical signal and the speckle images of each wavelength light.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein, The converting, by the collector, of the first light signal into first information comprises: In a case where part of the photodetectors in the photodetector array are working, converting the light signal of the first light signal at different time instants at a specified diffraction spatial position into the target electrical signal; or, In a case where all the photodetectors in the photodetector array are working, converting the light signal of the first light signal at the same time instant into the target electrical signal.

21. The method of claim 19 or 20, wherein, The target electrical signal comprises a photocurrent, and the device further comprises an amplifier and a digital-to-analog conversion module, and the method further comprises: Amplifying, by the amplifier, the photocurrent, and converting the amplified photocurrent into voltage information; Converting, by the digital-to-analog conversion module, the voltage information into a voltage sequence, the voltage sequence representing light intensity information of the light beam; The determining, by the controller, of the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the speckle image corresponding to the target electrical signal and the speckle images of each wavelength light comprises: The determining, by the controller, of the spectral information corresponding to the light beam according to the speckle image corresponding to the voltage sequence and the speckle images of each wavelength light.

22. The method of any one of claims 16-21, wherein, The device further comprises a temperature detection module and a refrigeration module, and the method further comprises: Detecting, by the temperature detection module, the temperature of the optical chip; In a case where the temperature detection module detects that the temperature of the optical chip reaches a threshold value, performing, by the refrigeration module, a refrigeration operation to make the temperature of the optical chip less than the threshold value and in a constant-temperature working state.

23. The method of claim 15, wherein, The encoder comprises a diffraction structure, and the diffraction structure is an array of non-periodic spatial modulation diffraction unit structures; The modulating, by the encoder, of different lights in the light beam into different diffraction units in the non-periodic diffraction unit to obtain first light signals of different diffraction directions comprises: After each diffraction unit in the array of diffraction unit structures modulates the incident light signal to different degrees, the first light signal is obtained.

24. A spectrometer, characterized by, The optical spectrometer comprises the optical chip of any one of claims 1-4 or the device of any one of claims 5-14.

25. A spectrometer, characterized by, The optical spectrometer comprises a memory and a processor; the memory stores at least one instruction, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by the processor to enable the device to implement the method of any one of claims 15-23.

26. A spectroscopic analysis device, characterized by The device comprises the optical chip of any one of claims 1-4 or the device of any one of claims 5-14.

27. A spectroscopic analysis device, characterized by The device comprises a memory and a processor; the memory stores at least one instruction, which is loaded and executed by the processor, so that the device implements the method in any one of claims 15-23.

28. A terminal device, comprising: The device comprises the optical chip in any one of claims 1-4 or the apparatus in any one of claims 5-14.

29. A terminal device, comprising: The device comprises a memory and a processor; the memory stores at least one instruction, which is loaded and executed by the processor, so that the device implements the method in any one of claims 15-23.

30. A chip, characterized by The chip comprises a memory and a processor; the memory stores at least one instruction, which is loaded and executed by the processor, so that the device implements the method in any one of claims 15-23.

Images