Composite pane for a vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite pane (10) for a vehicle, comprising • at least one cutout (4) as a through-opening in a first pane (1) and / or a second pane (2), • at least two busbars (6) as current supply conductors on the first pane (1) and / or the second pane (2), • an electrically conductive layer (3.2) on the first pane (1) and / or the second pane (2), the electrically conductive layer (3.2) being designed to be transparent to visible light, and • at least two electrical supply lines (5) which are made of an electrically conductive layer (3.2) and are provided on the second surface (II) of the first pane (1) or on the first surface (III) of the second pane (2), the first end (5.1) of each electrical supply line (5) being electrically conductively connected to a busbar (6) and the second end (5.2) of each electrical supply line (5) being electrically contactable via the cutout (4).

Description

[0001] Composite windscreen for a vehicle

[0002] The invention relates to a composite disc for a vehicle and a vehicle with the composite disc, as well as a method for manufacturing the composite disc and its use.

[0003] Laminated glass is used as windshields or roof windows in motor vehicles. Laminated glass consists of at least one outer pane, a second inner pane, and an adhesive interlayer that bonds the outer pane to the inner pane. Typical interlayers are polyvinyl butyral films, which, in addition to their adhesive properties, offer high toughness and high acoustic damping. The interlayer prevents the laminated glass from shattering if damaged. The laminated glass may develop cracks but remains dimensionally stable.

[0004] To increase road safety, many vehicles have additional brake lights inside the vehicle. Vehicles are known from the prior art that have a single, raised brake light mounted near the rear window. This raised brake light is usually an additional light to the two brake lights located on the sides of the vehicle.

[0005] From DE 102 17 490 B4, a motor vehicle with a brake light mounted on the upper edge of the rear window is known. The brake light is positioned behind the upper edge of the rear window, facing the vehicle interior. When the brake light is activated, a light signal shines through the rear window. The brake light is concealed from the vehicle interior by an interior trim panel. The rear window itself is of a simple design. The brake light is attached to an edge of a body panel, and the interior trim panel is located directly below the brake light. This arrangement requires considerable assembly effort, particularly with regard to the electrical wiring. A further disadvantage of this arrangement is that the light emitted from the additional brake light is less intense and of a lower color compared to the other two side-mounted brake lights of the vehicle, as the rear window acts as a disruptive light filter.Furthermore, the brake light and its electrical connections are positioned far from the rear window, so that light reflections on the rear window are distractingly visible to the driver in the rearview mirror. WO 2022 / 142078 A1 describes a laminated glass pane with a sensor for use as a vehicle window, wherein the sensor is positioned at a distance from the edge of the laminated glass pane such that it projects beyond the outer surface of the inner pane into the vehicle interior and is connected to a power source via an electrical connection.

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a composite lens for a vehicle that allows for the easy mounting of an electrical component and in which a brake light, as an electrical component, is clearly visible, so that a harmonious overall appearance of the brake lights is achieved together with the side brake lights. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a method for manufacturing such a composite lens.

[0007] This problem is solved by a composite disk according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments are set forth in the dependent claims.

[0008] The composite windscreen according to the invention for a vehicle comprises a first windscreen with a first surface and a second surface, a second windscreen with a first surface and a second surface, and a thermoplastic intermediate layer that connects the first windscreen and the second windscreen. The first windscreen and / or the second windscreen has at least one recess as a through-opening. Furthermore, the first windscreen and / or the second windscreen has at least two busbars as current supply conductors, and an electrically conductive layer on the first windscreen and / or the second windscreen, wherein the electrically conductive layer is transparent to visible light.Furthermore, the first disc and / or the second disc has at least two electrical leads formed from the electrically conductive layer and arranged on the second surface of the first disc or on the first surface of the second disc. One end of each electrical lead is electrically connected to a common conductor. A second end of the electrical lead can be electrically contacted via the recess. In particular, the second end of the electrical lead can be located in the recess. Furthermore, the second end can be provided with a connection surface for an electrical component.

[0009] Visually disruptive electrical connections in the form of cables are unnecessary. The electrically conductive layer can be designed as a heatable layer or as a so-called low-E (low emissivity) layer. A low-E layer prevents excessive heating of the vehicle interior. In particular, the electrically conductive layer is transparent. An electrically conductive layer is considered transparent if it exhibits a transmission in the visible spectrum of 20% or greater. However, the electrically conductive layer can also have a higher transmission, for example, 35% or greater, or 50% or greater.

[0010] Depending on the intended use of the electrically conductive layer, it can be applied to the second surface (side II) of the first disk or to the first surface (side III) of the second disk, particularly covering the entire surface. Examples of layer structures that possess both high electrical conductivity and infrared reflective properties are known from WO 2013 / 104439 and WO 2013 / 104438. The electrically conductive layer can contain one or more, for example, two, three, or four electrically conductive, functional sublayers. The functional sublayers preferably contain at least one metal, for example, silver, gold, copper, nickel, and / or chromium, or a metal alloy. The functional sublayers particularly preferably contain at least 90 wt.% of the metal, and in particular at least 99.9 wt.% of the metal. The functional sublayers can consist of the metal or the metal alloy.The functional layers preferably contain silver or a silver-containing alloy. Such functional layers exhibit particularly advantageous electrical conductivity combined with high transmission in the visible spectral range. The thickness of a functional layer is preferably from 5 nm to 50 nm, and particularly preferably from 8 nm to 25 nm. Within this thickness range, advantageously high transmission in the visible spectral range and particularly advantageous electrical conductivity are achieved.

[0011] The electrical leads are formed from the electrically conductive layer. A separation line separates the electrical leads from the rest of the fully applied electrically conductive layer. This separation line galvanically isolates the electrical leads from the remaining area of ​​the electrically conductive layer. Electrical leads are introduced into the electrically conductive layer in the form of paths and connected to the electrical component via two busbars. The electrically conductive layer can be structured to form a lead, for example, by etching or a laser process. Preferably, multiple leads are created by laser separation lines in the electrically conductive layer. These separation lines are insulating lines that electrically isolate the leads from the rest of the fully applied electrically conductive layer.The dividing line is an area where the electrically conductive layer has been removed or degraded. The dividing lines and the busbars are preferably arranged at an angle of 70° to 110° to each other, and particularly preferably at an angle of 90° to each other. The dividing lines are continuous linear regions that can be linear, curved, or corrugated. The dividing lines preferably have a width of 5 pm to 500 pm, particularly preferably 40 pm to 200 pm, and especially 40 pm to 150 pm.

[0012] An electrical component, such as a brake light, can be directly attached to and connected to the composite lens. When the composite lens is installed in a vehicle, the brake light can then shine directly towards the surroundings from its outer surface. This makes the brake light clearly visible to onlookers. The composite lens does not act as a light filter in the brake light's beam path. The brake light attached to the composite lens gains in brightness and color, exhibiting the same brightness and color as the other two side-mounted brake lights of the vehicle. The composite lens according to the invention can thus significantly contribute to improving road safety.

[0013] The composite disc has at least two busbars and at least two supply lines that provide power to the electrical component. The supply lines and busbars preferably run at an angle of 70° to 110° to each other, and particularly preferably at an angle of 90°. Each supply line has a first end that is electrically connected to one of the busbars. The second end of the supply line is located in the recess. This second end is provided with a connection surface for an electrical component, in particular a brake light. The supply line can connect to a busbar at one end and to an electrical component at the opposite end.If the electrical component is mounted on the composite disc, the second end of the electrical lead can be provided for electrical contacting the component. The second end of each lead can have an electrically conductive connecting element, such as a cylinder, a button, and / or a mechanical connector, such as a push button, a POGO pin, or pin connectors, which is electrically connected and fixed to the conductive layer. The electrically conductive connecting element and / or the mechanical connector can be permanently bonded to the conductive layer, for example, using an electrically conductive adhesive.Preferably, one of the two busbars extends at least partially along a first edge of the first or second disk, and the other busbar extends along a second edge of the first or second disk, with the second edge being opposite the first edge (for example, bottom and top edges, or right and left). Furthermore, the busbars can be positioned at a distance from an edge. Often, the busbars are positioned near the edge, i.e., not centrally located within the interior. A cover layer is applied in the area of ​​the busbars to conceal the individual busbars, or a large-area cover layer is provided that also covers the supply lines.

[0014] The collector conductors can be electrically connected to a voltage source via a foil conductor leading out of the composite disc.

[0015] In a further advantageous embodiment of the composite disk according to the invention, the busbars are located on at least one of the surfaces, in particular an inner surface, of the first and / or second disk. Alternatively, the busbars can be integrated into the intermediate layer. The busbars are then preferably applied to a carrier film. The carrier film preferably contains a polymer, in particular polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or combinations thereof.

[0016] The busbars can each be designed as a printed, electrically conductive paste, preferably a silver-containing screen-printing paste, or as an electrically conductive conductor, preferably made of metal, and in particular copper, silver, gold, or aluminum. Copper has proven suitable for such conductors due to its good electrical conductivity. At the same time, copper is inexpensive to use. A busbar can be made of tinned copper foil strips. The busbar can also be, for example, in wire form or as a flat conductor. The busbars are also referred to as busbars. The electrical supply lines are electrically connected to the busbars in such a way that when an electrical voltage is applied to the busbars, a current can flow through the supply lines.

[0017] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the composite window according to the invention, the composite window is designed as a roof window, a rear window, a side window, or a windshield of a vehicle, preferably as a combined roof and rear window. The combined roof and rear window, as defined by the invention, is a roof window that has been substantially extended so that the roof window encompasses the rear window and is formed in one piece. The roof and rear window provides the occupants with an extended vertical field of vision.

[0018] Preferably, the composite pane between the two busbars on a pane with a recess includes an electrical component that is electrically contacted with the two electrical leads. This arrangement eliminates the need for an additional inner cladding element on the composite pane. This ensures that the view through the central viewing area of ​​the composite pane is improved.

[0019] The electrical component can include any electrically controllable device used in automotive glazing and attached to an outer surface of the laminated glass. The electrical component can be a lighting device, in particular a brake light, a turn signal, a reversing light, a rear fog light, and / or a camera, a GPS module, or a sensor module. Electrical components relevant to the automotive sector include, among others, antennas, rain sensors, and light sensors.

[0020] Preferably, the first pane has the recess, particularly if the first pane is installed as the outer pane of a vehicle in a composite window installation position. Alternatively or additionally, the recess can be configured as a through-opening in the second pane (inner pane). It is further preferred that the second end of the electrical supply line is located in the recess.

[0021] In a further preferred embodiment, the first pane and / or the second pane has at least two recesses as through-openings. This is advantageous because it provides two recesses per attachment. This allows the attachment to be securely fastened to the composite pane.

[0022] In one possible embodiment, the electrical component is mounted on a bracket. The composite disc is then connected to the electrical component via an adhesive connection of the bracket. The composite disc then has a contact element for contacting the terminal at the other end of the electrical lead.

[0023] The mounting device can be at least partially inserted into the recess. The electrical component with mounting device has a width and / or height between 2 cm and 50 cm, preferably between 5 cm and 20 cm. The mounting device is selected to match the depth of the recess. The mounting device is preferably inserted into the laminated glass via an adhesive layer. The adhesive layer can be an adhesive, in particular an electrically conductive adhesive. The mounting device can be bonded after the lamination process of the laminated glass. It is particularly preferred that the electrical component is reversibly fixed in the mounting device, thus simplifying the replacement of the electrical component. The brake light, mounted as an accessory in the mounting device, can be oriented in various directions and, for example, emit light diffusely towards the vehicle's surroundings.

[0024] A further advantage of the composite disc according to the invention is the flexible positioning of the recess and thus of the arrangement of the electrical component. Since both the contour of the recess and its positioning on the first and / or second disc are freely selectable, several electrical components can be attached to the composite disc, radiating in a wide variety of directions.

[0025] The recess in the composite disc is designed as a through-hole, which refers to a hole extending from the first surface (inner side) of a disc to the second surface (outer side) of the same disc and completely penetrating the disc. Preferably, the recess is a drilled hole.

[0026] The recess can have a diameter of less than 20 mm, preferably less than 10 mm, and particularly preferably less than 4 mm. The recess can have a round, elliptical, trapezoidal, angular, or partially angular contour. Depending on the application of the invention, the recess can also have an elongated, cylindrical, or non-orthogonal shape.

[0027] The recess can be created in the first and / or second pane using a laser process. Such a recess exhibits a correspondingly high precision and manufacturing tolerance, making it suitable for precisely accommodating a holding device with a fixed-sized electrical component, even in three-dimensionally curved panes. A laser-generated recess differs in its surface structure and precision from an opening created by mechanical means. Preferably, two recesses are arranged symmetrically with respect to a central axis of the laminated pane. The thickness of the first and / or second pane can vary widely and thus be ideally adapted to the specific requirements. Standard thicknesses of 1.0 mm to 25 mm are preferably used, and more preferably, 1.4 mm to 2.5 mm for automotive glass.The size of the discs can vary widely and depends on the scale of the application according to the invention. For example, the first and second discs have surfaces of 200 cm², which is common in vehicle construction. 2 up to 2 m 2 on.

[0028] The composite disc can have any three-dimensional shape. Preferably, the three-dimensional shape has no shadowed areas, so that it can be coated with further coatings, for example, by cathode sputtering. Preferably, the discs are planar or slightly or strongly curved in one or more directions. Planar substrates are particularly well-suited. The discs can be colorless or colored.

[0029] The first and second panes preferably contain or consist of glass, particularly preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, aluminosilicate glass, or clear plastics, preferably rigid clear plastics, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and / or mixtures thereof. The first and second panes can be clear and colorless, but also tinted or colored.

[0030] The first and second discs are bonded together by at least one intermediate layer. The intermediate layer is preferably transparent, tinted, or colored. The intermediate layer preferably contains or consists of at least one plastic, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), and / or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). However, the intermediate layer can also contain, for example, polyurethane (PU), polypropylene (PP), polyacrylate, polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetate resin, casting resins, acrylates, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinyl fluoride, and / or ethylene tetrafluoroethylene, or copolymers or mixtures thereof. The intermediate layer can be formed by one or more films arranged one above the other, the thickness of each film preferably being from 0.025 mm to 1 mm, typically 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm.The interlayers can preferably be thermoplastic and, after lamination, bond the first pane, the second pane, and any further interlayers together. Particularly advantageous are so-called acoustically damping interlayers, which preferably consist of three layers of PVB, with the middle layer being softer than the two outer layers. The interlayer can also be a functional interlayer, in particular an infrared-reflecting interlayer, an infrared-absorbing interlayer, a UV-absorbing interlayer, an interlayer that is at least partially colored, and / or an interlayer that is at least partially tinted. For example, the thermoplastic interlayer can also be a bandpass filter film.

[0031] The terms "first pane" and "second pane" are chosen to distinguish between the two panes in a composite pane according to the invention. These terms do not imply anything about the geometric arrangement. If, for example, the composite pane according to the invention is intended to separate the interior from the external environment in an opening, such as in a vehicle, the first pane can face either the interior or the external environment. Preferably, the first pane, as the outer pane, faces the external environment.

[0032] The first pane and / or the second pane may have further suitable coatings known per se, for example anti-reflective coatings, non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings, photocatalytic coatings or sun protection coatings or low-E coatings.

[0033] Furthermore, the composite disc may have additional functional elements, in particular electronically controllable optical elements, for example PDLC elements, electrochromic elements or similar, which are typically arranged between the first disc and the second disc.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the composite pane, the second surface of the first pane has an opaque cover layer at least in one, particularly circumferential, edge region of the composite pane. This ensures that the opaque cover layer faces the thermoplastic intermediate layer. The opaque cover layer is thus protected from external weather influences. The opaque cover layer can be arranged directly or indirectly on the pane surface. The edge region borders and extends along at least one edge of the first pane. When viewed perpendicularly from the outside, the opaque cover layer obscures the view of the busbars. The busbars are arranged within the area of ​​the cover layer. The busbars can be applied directly or indirectly, preferably directly, to the opaque cover layer. The opaque cover layer is optionally widened in at least one region.This means that the opaque cover layer has a greater width perpendicular to the nearest section of the circumferential edge of the composite disc than in other sections. The opaque cover layer is preferably formed circumferentially along the circumferential edge of the composite disc in the edge region, with the width of the cover layer varying.

[0035] The at least one opaque cover layer according to the invention is a layer that prevents visibility through the composite pane. The opaque cover layer allows a transmission of at most 5%, preferably at most 2%, particularly preferably at most 1%, and especially at most 0.1% of the visible spectrum. The opaque cover layer can be formed across the entire surface; alternatively, the cover layer can be semi-transparent, for example, as a dot matrix, stripe matrix, or grid. Additionally, the cover layer can have a gradient, for example, from an opaque layer to a semi-transparent layer.

[0036] The opaque coating can be, for example, an opaque enamel or an opaque lacquer. The opaque coating preferably contains at least one pigment and glass frits. It may also contain other chemical compounds. The glass frits can be fused or melted onto the coating, thereby permanently bonding (fusion- or sintering) the coating to the glass surface. The pigment provides the opacity of the coating. Such coatings are typically applied as enamel.

[0037] Such opaque coatings are also known as screen printing or black print. A printing ink, from which the opaque coating is formed in the form of an enamel, preferably contains at least the pigment and the glass frits suspended in a liquid phase (solvent), for example, water or organic solvents such as alcohols. The pigment is typically a black pigment, for example, carbon black, aniline black, bone black, iron oxide black, spinel black, and / or graphite.

[0038] Alternatively, the thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be colored to cover the view of the collector conductors in the edge area.

[0039] Another aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle comprising a composite disc according to the invention, wherein the first disc has a recess as a through-opening, the first disc is designed as an outer disc of the vehicle and an electrical attachment is arranged on the first surface of the first disc (outer side), which is electrically connected via two electrical leads to two busbars arranged in the composite disc.

[0040] The laminated glass is designed to separate the interior from the outside environment in a window opening, particularly a vehicle window opening. For the purposes of this invention, the term "inner pane" refers to the pane of the laminated glass facing the interior. The term "outer pane" refers to the pane facing the outside environment.

[0041] The invention further comprises a method for manufacturing a composite disc according to the invention for a vehicle, comprising at least the following method steps:

[0042] • Providing a first disk and a second disk with at least one recess as a through-hole in the first disk or in the second disk, wherein the recess is made by means of a laser process and wherein the first disk and / or the second disk has two busbars and an electrically conductive, transparent layer,

[0043] • Providing a thermoplastic intermediate layer and two electrical leads, wherein the electrical leads are formed from the electrically conductive, transparent layer and are arranged on the second surface of the first disk or on the first surface of the second disk,

[0044] • Connecting one end of an electrical supply line to a common conductor, whereby a second end of the electrical supply line is arranged to be electrically contactable via the recess,

[0045] • Forming a layer stack comprising at least in this order a first disk, thermoplastic intermediate layer and second disk, and

[0046] • Combining the layer stack consisting of at least the first disc, thermoplastic intermediate layer and second disc to form a composite disc.

[0047] The recess is created in the first and / or second disc using a laser process.

[0048] Preferably, both the first and second panes of the laminated glass unit comprise glass. The cutout is created in the panes using a laser process. This is particularly advantageous because laser processes can be performed without mechanical processing steps (such as breaking by mechanical pressure). This allows the glass layer to be cut gently, resulting in smooth cut edges without any disruptive damage. These processes are also well-suited for automated processing. Furthermore, very small radii of curvature of the cut glass layers can be achieved. It has been shown that radii of curvature of less than 2 mm can be produced without difficulty, which is not reliably possible with mechanical processing. The contour of the cutout is therefore completely freely selectable. Cut lines with only a small distance between them can also be achieved.

[0049] Laser processing is particularly advantageous when using thin glass panes (1.4 mm or less) as the first (inner) or second (outer) pane of a laminated glass unit. Thin glass panes differ in their processing properties from thicker glass panes, often rendering traditional mechanical glass cutting methods unsuitable. Depending on the thickness of the glass pane, cutting results in a rough edge with microcracks and other damage. Subsequent edge finishing, as is common with thicker glass panes, becomes increasingly difficult with decreasing pane thickness. Laser cutting processes yield superior results in this regard and are applicable regardless of pane thickness.Pulsed lasers are primarily used for laser drilling of workpieces. The workpiece and laser are moved relative to each other in such a way that several successive pulses strike the same point on the workpiece, melting and vaporizing the material. Through-holes created by laser drilling exhibit high geometric precision. Furthermore, conical openings can also be easily created using laser drilling.

[0050] The first and second discs can be bent individually. Preferably, the first and second discs are bent congruently together (i.e., simultaneously and using the same tool) because this ensures that the shape of the discs is optimally matched for subsequent lamination. Bending the discs preferably takes place before laser processing.

[0051] Before bending, an electrically conductive, transparent layer is applied to one surface of the discs. For example, the second surface (side II) of the first disc and / or the first surface (side III) of the second disc are first coated with the electrically conductive layer, for example, using magnetron sputtering. In the next step, the first and second discs are bent congruently together and then prepared for processing. Only then does laser processing take place. Since the discs have already reached their final bend, a 3D laser process is used. This has the advantage that the cutout can be created in its final dimensions, and any effect of the bending process on the cutout does not need to be taken into account. In this way, manufacturing tolerances can be maintained much more precisely.The laser structuring of an electrically conductive layer to create paths also takes place after the bending of the disks and is therefore also a 3D laser process. This is advantageous because the electrically conductive layer is removed in the laser structuring area, resulting in a different heat distribution in that area. This can lead to visually visible damage.

[0052] The introduction of a separation line into the electrically conductive layer to create the electrical leads is preferably carried out using a laser process. The separation lines are preferably created by laser-induced degradation within the electrically conductive layer. Such laser-induced degradation includes, for example, the ablation of the electrically conductive layer or a chemical modification of the electrically conductive layer. The laser-induced degradation results in an interruption of the layer's electrical conductivity.

[0053] In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, an opaque cover layer is applied first, followed by the busbars. In this embodiment, the busbars are thus only present in the area where the opaque cover layer is located. The opaque cover layer is preferably applied to the first surface of the second disk, the one facing the intermediate layer. Alternatively or additionally, the opaque cover layer can be applied to the second surface of the first disk, the one facing the intermediate layer.

[0054] The bonding of the first and second panes to form a composite pane via the thermoplastic interlayer is preferably achieved by lamination. The thermoplastic interlayer is preferably provided as a film. The composite pane is produced by lamination using conventional methods known to those skilled in the art, such as autoclave processes, vacuum bag processes, vacuum ring processes, calender processes, vacuum laminators, or combinations thereof. The bonding of the first and second panes occurs under the influence of heat, vacuum, and / or pressure.

[0055] The electrical component with holding device is preferably inserted after lamination of the composite pane. The recess is easily accessible after lamination. A further aspect of the invention includes the use of a composite pane according to the invention as vehicle glazing in means of transport for travel on land, in the air or on water, preferably as vehicle glazing in rail vehicles or motor vehicles, in particular as vehicle glazing in passenger cars.

[0056] The embodiments of the composite disc according to the invention described above also apply accordingly to methods for producing a composite disc according to the invention and vice versa.

[0057] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to figures and exemplary embodiments. The figures are schematic representations and not to scale. The figures do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that different aspects are described, each of which can be used individually or in combination. That is, each aspect can be used with different embodiments of the invention, unless explicitly presented as a pure alternative.

[0058] They show:

[0059] Figure 1 shows a top view of an embodiment of a composite disk according to the invention, and

[0060] Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the composite disc according to the invention in section Z, with two recesses and an electrically conductive layer on the second disc.

[0061] Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the composite disc according to the invention in section Z as shown in Figure 2 with electrical attachment (on the outside),

[0062] Figure 4 shows a schematic view of the composite disc in section Z according to Figure 2.

[0063] Figure 5 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the composite disk according to the invention in section Z, in which the electrically conductive layer is arranged on the first disk.

[0064] Figure 6 shows a further embodiment of the composite disc according to the invention in section Z, with two recesses and an electrically conductive layer on the second disc.

[0065] Figure 7 shows an embodiment of the composite disc according to the invention in section Z according to Figure 6 with electrical attachment (interior side), and Figure 8 shows a schematic view of the composite disc according to the invention in section Z according to Figure 6.

[0066] Specifications with numerical values ​​are generally not to be understood as exact values, but also include a tolerance of + / - 1% to + / - 10%. Identical or equivalent elements are designated with the same reference symbol.

[0067] Figure 1 shows a top view of a first embodiment of the composite pane 10 according to the invention. The composite pane 10 is designed to separate the interior 12 from the external environment 13 in a window opening of a passenger car. The composite pane 10 is used as a rear window of a motor vehicle. Alternatively, the composite pane 10 can be used as a roof and rear window, wherein the roof and rear window is a combined roof and rear window, i.e., the roof window has been substantially extended so that the roof window encompasses the rear window. For the sake of simplicity, the composite pane 10 is shown in plan view, although roof and rear windows are typically curved in reality. An opaque cover layer 8 is located in an edge region 7 of the composite pane 10.

[0068] In the edge region 7, two busbars 6 are arranged as current supply conductors. The busbars 6 are strip-shaped and spaced apart from each other. Both busbars 6 are arranged at a small distance of approximately 1 cm, 2 cm, or 5 cm from the edge K. One of the two busbars 6 extends at least partially along a first edge K of the first disk 1 or the second disk 2, and the other busbar 6 extends along a second edge K of the first disk 1 or the second disk 2, with the second edge K being opposite the first edge K (for example, bottom and top edge or right and left). The busbars 6 are each formed as a printed, electrically conductive, silver-containing screen-printing paste. Preferably, the busbars 6 are applied by screen-printing a firing paste and then fired.The busbars 6 can be electrically connected to a voltage source via a foil conductor extending from the composite disc 10. Furthermore, the busbars 6 can be functionally connected to a control and / or regulating unit, for example, to the on-board electronics of a vehicle. The composite disc 10 includes two recesses 4 arranged between the two busbars 6. The two recesses 4 are arranged symmetrically with respect to a central axis of the composite disc 10.

[0069] Furthermore, the composite disc 10 has two electrical supply lines 5. The electrical

[0070] Supply lines 5 are formed from an electrically conductive layer 3.2 and separated from the remaining, fully applied electrically conductive layer 3.2 by a dividing line 5.3. The dividing line is an area where the electrically conductive layer 3.2 has been removed or degraded. The dividing lines 5.3 and the busbars 6 are preferably arranged at an angle of approximately 90° to each other. The dividing lines 5.3 are continuous, linear regions. The dividing lines 5.3 preferably have a width of 5 pm to 500 pm, more preferably 40 pm to 200 pm, and particularly 40 pm to 150 pm.

[0071] The electrically conductive layer 3.2 can contain one or more, for example, two, three, or four, electrically conductive functional layers. The electrically conductive layer 3.2 is transparent to visible light. The functional layers preferably contain at least one metal, for example, silver, gold, copper, nickel, and / or chromium, or a metal alloy. The functional layers particularly preferably contain silver or a silver-containing alloy. Such functional layers exhibit particularly advantageous electrical conductivity combined with high transmission in the visible spectral range. The thickness of a functional layer is preferably from 5 nm to 50 nm, and particularly preferably from 8 nm to 25 nm. In this thickness range, advantageously high transmission in the visible spectral range and particularly advantageous electrical conductivity are achieved.

[0072] Each electrical supply line 5 has a first end 5.1 connected to a common conductor 6, and a second end 5.2 of the electrical supply lines 5 can be electrically contacted via the recess 4. It can be located in or terminate in either of the recesses 4. The electrical supply lines 5 are arranged horizontally.

[0073] The second surface II of the first pane 1 and / or the first surface III of the second pane 2 can have the opaque cover layer 8 at least in the edge region 7 along a first edge K of the first pane 1 or the second pane 2 of the composite pane 10. The cover layer 8 is applied in a frame-like manner within a circumferential edge region 7. The edge region 7 and the cover layer 8 can have a width of approximately 20 mm to 200 mm.

[0074] The first surface III of the second disc 2 has a cover layer 8 at least in the circumferential edge region 7. The cover layer 8 is opaque and, when viewed perpendicularly from the outside, obscures the view of the busbar 6. The cover layer 8 also serves as protection against UV radiation. The cover layer 8 is optionally widened in at least one area. The opaque cover layer 8 can, for example, be designed as an opaque enamel or an opaque lacquer.

[0075] The distribution board 6 is positioned at the periphery 7, i.e., not centrally located within the interior. The cover layer 8 was applied to the area of ​​the distribution board 6 to conceal the individual boards. The cover layer 8 obscures the view of the distribution board 6 from the outside. Additionally, a larger cover layer 8 may be provided that also covers the supply lines 5.

[0076] In one embodiment of the inventive method for producing a composite disk 10, the opaque cover layer 8 is applied first, followed by the busbars 6. In this embodiment, the busbars 6 are thus only present in the area where the opaque cover layer 8 is located. Alternatively or additionally, the opaque cover layer 8 can be applied to the second surface II of the first disk 1, the surface facing the intermediate layer 3.1.

[0077] Figures 2-8 show various embodiments of the composite disk 10 according to the invention in section Z.

[0078] Figure 2 shows section Z according to Figure 1. The composite disc 10 comprises a first disc 1 with a first surface I and a second surface II, a second disc 2 with a first surface III and a second surface IV, and a thermoplastic intermediate layer 3.1 that connects the first disc 1 and the second disc 2. Furthermore, the first disc 1 has two recesses 4 as through holes. The contours of the recesses 4 are circular.

[0079] Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the composite disc 10 according to the invention, which has two recesses 4 and in which the electrically conductive layer 3.2 has been applied to the first surface III of the second disc 2. The electrically conductive layer 3.2 is transparent to visible light. The electrical leads 5 are formed from the electrically conductive layer 3.2 and are separated from the remaining, fully applied electrically conductive layer 3.2 by the dividing line 5.3.

[0080] Each electrical supply line 5 is formed without interruption between a busbar and the recess 4. The electrical supply lines 5 are electrically connected to the busbars 6 in such a way that when an electrical voltage is applied to the busbars 6, a current can flow through the electrical supply lines 5 if an electrical component is connected to the supply lines 5.

[0081] The composite disc 10 comprises the first disc 1 and the second disc 2, which are connected to each other via the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3.1. The thermoplastic intermediate layer 3.1 connects the second surface II of the first disc 1 and the first surface III of the second disc 2.

[0082] The first pane 1 and the second pane 2 are made of soda-lime glass. The first pane 1, for example, has a thickness of 2.1 mm, and the second pane 2 has a thickness of 1.6 mm. The interlayer 3.1 is, for example, made of a PVB film with a thickness of 0.76 mm. The thermoplastic interlayer 3.1 is a polyvinyl butyral film with a thickness of 0.76 mm, measured before lamination. The laminated pane 10 has the recesses 4, with the second end 5.2 of the electrical lead located in the respective recess 4.

[0083] The first pane 1 can be designed as an outer pane and the second pane 2 as an inner pane. The outer pane is the pane that, when installed, is intended to face an external environment 13. The inner pane is the pane that, when installed, is intended to face an interior space 12, for example, a vehicle interior.

[0084] Figure 3 shows the composite disk 10 according to the invention in detail Z as shown in Figure 1, with an electrical attachment 9. The electrical attachment 9 is thus arranged on the outside of the first disk 1. The composite disk 10 comprises the electrical attachment 9, which is arranged between two busbars 6 and is electrically contacted by the two electrical leads 5. Each electrical lead 5 contacts a busbar 6 in the composite disk 10 at one end 5.1, and the opposite, second end 5.2 of each lead 5 is brought into a recess 4 and connected to the electrical attachment. Alternatively, two or more second ends 5.2 can also contact the electrical attachment in a recess. The electrical attachment 4 is electrically contacted in the recess 4 via a holding device, with an electrically conductive adhesive being arranged in the recess 4 as a contact medium.The electrically conductive adhesive, acting as a contact medium, electrically connects the terminal surface at the second end 5.2 of the electrical supply line 5 to the electrical component 9. The electrical component 9 is arranged in the holding device, which projects at least partially into the recesses 4 and is fixed in place. The holding device is connected to the composite disc 10 via an adhesive layer. The composite disc 10 is then connected to the electrical component 9 via an adhesive bond between the holding device and the mounting device. Bonding of the holding device to the composite disc 10 can be carried out after the lamination process.

[0085] The electrical component 9 is a brake light. The brake light emits its light directly into the surroundings and is therefore clearly visible even in adverse weather conditions. Alternatively or additionally, the electrical component 9 can include another lighting device, a turn signal, a reversing light, a rear fog light, and / or a camera, a GPS module, or a sensor module. The brake light emits light towards the surroundings 13. The mounting device is designed as a so-called bracket. The electrical component 9 is reversibly fixed in the mounting device, which simplifies the replacement of the component 9.

[0086] Figures 4 and 5 show different embodiments of the basic structure according to Figure 1. Figure 4 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the composite disk 10 according to the invention, in which the electrically conductive layer 3.2 is arranged on the first surface III of the second disk 2. The first disk 1 has the two recesses 4 in the form of through-holes. The electrical leads 5 are formed from the electrically conductive layer 3.2 and separated from the remaining, fully applied electrically conductive layer 3.2 by the dividing line 5.3. Since the electrically conductive layer 3.2 is provided on the first surface III of the second disk 2, the contact to the electrical attachment 9 is led through the intermediate layer 3.1 and into the recess 4. The second end 5.2 of each lead 5 can be electrically contacted via the recess 4.It can have a connector element, for example a push button, a button, or a key, which is electrically connected and fixed to the electrical supply line 5. The push button, button, and / or key is arranged in the recess 4. The push button, button, and / or key can be fully integrated into the composite disc 10. The push button, button, or key is located within the recess 4 and protrudes through an opening in the intermediate layer 3.1 to the first surface I of the first disc 1. The push button, buttons, or keys can be firmly connected to the electrical supply line 5 via an electrically conductive adhesive. Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the composite disc 10 according to the invention in which the electrically conductive layer 3.2 has been applied to the second surface II of the first disc.The first disc 1 has two recesses 4 in the form of through-holes. The second end 5.2 of each supply line 5 can have a push button, a switch, or a button that is electrically connected and fixed to the respective electrical supply line. Each push button, switch, or button is located in a recess 4. They can be fully integrated into the composite disc 10. The push button, switch, or button is located within the recess 4 up to the first surface I of the first disc 1. The push button, switch, or button can be permanently attached to the electrical supply line 5 by means of an electrically conductive adhesive.

[0087] In the previously described design variants, the electrical attachment 9 is located on the first disc 1, which in the installed state is the outer disc, i.e. on an outside of the vehicle.

[0088] Figures 6 to 8 show embodiments of the composite disk 10 according to the invention, which have two recesses 4 in the second disk 2.

[0089] Figure 6 shows a similar structure of a composite disk 10 with two recesses 4 as in Figure 5. Unlike in Figure 5, the two recesses 4 in Figure 6 are arranged in the second disk 2, and the electrically conductive layer 3.2 is applied to the first surface III of the second disk 2. The electrical leads 5 are formed from an electrically conductive layer 3.2 and are separated from the rest of the fully applied electrically conductive layer 3.2 by the dividing line 5.3. The dividing line 5.3 insulates the leads 5 from the rest of the electrically conductive layer 3.2.

[0090] Figure 7 shows a similar structure of a composite disc 10 with the electrical component 9 as shown in Figure 3. Unlike in Figure 3, the electrical component 9 is arranged on the second disc 2, i.e., on the interior side. The electrical component 9 is a brake light. The light from the brake light shines directly through the composite disc towards the outside environment and is therefore clearly visible even in adverse weather conditions and protected from the elements. The second disc 2 has two recesses 4, each in the form of a through-hole. The two recesses 4 are arranged symmetrically with respect to a central axis of the composite disc 10. Figure 8 shows a schematic view of the composite disc according to the invention in section Z as shown in Figure 6. Figure 6 shows an embodiment of the composite disc 10 according to the invention in which the electrically conductive layer

[0091] 3.2 was applied to the first surface III of the second disk 2. The electrical leads 5 are formed from the electrically conductive layer 3.2 and separated from the remaining, fully applied electrically conductive layer 3.2 by the dividing line 5.3. The second disk 2 has the two recesses 4 in the form of through-holes. The second end 5.2 of each lead 5 can be electrically contacted via the recess 4. It is located in the respective recess 4. The second end

[0092] 5.2 may have a push button, button, or key that is electrically connected and fixed to the electrically conductive layer 3.2. Each push button, button, or key is arranged in a recess 4. The push button, buttons, or keys may be firmly connected to the electrically conductive layer 3.2 by means of an electrically conductive adhesive.

[0093] A particular advantage of the invention is that it increases road safety. Furthermore, the installation effort, especially the wiring of such an add-on component, is reduced, and its energy consumption is optimized. Energy efficiency is an extremely important criterion for future product developments. Advantageously, this increases the perceived luminous intensity and color of the brake light, so that it has the same luminous intensity and color as the other two laterally arranged brake lights of the vehicle. This results in an aesthetically pleasing overall appearance for the observer.

[0094] Reference symbol list:

[0095] 1 first disc

[0096] 2 second disc

[0097] 3.1 Intermediate layer

[0098] 3.2 Electrically conductive layer

[0099] 4 recesses

[0100] 5 Supply line

[0101] 5.1 First end of the electrical supply line 5

[0102] 5.2 Second end of the electrical supply line 5

[0103] 5.3 Dividing line

[0104] 6 collection conductors

[0105] 7 Edge area

[0106] 8 Cover layer

[0107] 9 electrical attachment

[0108] 10 Composite disc

[0109] 12 Interior of a vehicle

[0110] 13 external environment of a vehicle K edge

[0111] I first surface of the first disk 1

[0112] II second surface of the first disk 1

[0113] III first surface of the second disk 2

[0114] IV first surface of the second disk 2

Claims

Patent claims 1. Composite disc (10) for a vehicle, comprising • a first disk (1) with a first surface (I) and a second surface (II), and • a second disk (2) with a first surface (III) and a second surface (IV), • a thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) that connects the first disk (1) and the second disk (2) together, • at least one recess (4) as a passage opening for the first disk (1) and / or the second disk (2), • at least two busbars (6) as power supply conductors on the first disk (1) and / or the second disk (2), • an electrically conductive layer (3.2) on the first disk (1) and / or the second disk (2), wherein the electrically conductive layer (3.2) is transparent to visible light, • at least two electrical leads (5) formed from the electrically conductive layer (3.2) and arranged on the second surface (II) of the first disk (1) or on the first surface (III) of the second disk (2), wherein a first end (5.1) of an electrical lead (5) is electrically connected to a common conductor (6) and a second end (5.2) of the electrical lead (5) is electrically contactable via the recess (4).

2. Composite disc according to claim 1, wherein a dividing line (5.3) galvanically separates the electrical leads (5) from a remaining area of ​​the electrically conductive layer (3.2).

3. Composite disc according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first disc (1) and / or the second disc (2) have at least one further recess (4) as through openings.

4. Composite disc according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the composite disc (10) comprises an electrical attachment (9) which is arranged between the two busbars (6) on a disc (1, 2) having at least one recess (4) and which is electrically contacted with the two electrical leads (5).

5. Composite disc (10) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the composite disc (10) is connected via an adhesive connection to a holding device having an electrical attachment (9).

6. Composite disc (10) according to one of claims 4 or 5, wherein the electrical attachment (9) is a lighting device, in particular a brake light, a flashing light, a reversing light, a rear fog light and / or a camera, a GPS module, a sensor module.

7. Composite disk (10) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein one of the two busbars (6) extends at least partially along a first edge (K) of the first disk (1) or the second disk (2) and the other busbar (6) extends along a second edge (K) of the first disk (1) or the second disk (2), wherein the second edge (K) is arranged opposite the first edge (K).

8. Composite disc (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the second surface (11) of the first disk (1) or the first surface (III) of the second disk (2) has an opaque cover layer (8) at least in a marginal area (7) along an edge (K).

9. Composite disc (10) according to one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the holding device is at least partially inserted into the recess (4) and has a contact means for contacting a connection surface at the second end (5.2) of the electrical supply line (5).

10. Composite disc (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the recess (4) has a diameter of less than 20 mm, preferably less than 10 mm, particularly preferably less than 4 mm.

11. Composite disc (10) according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the recess (4) is introduced into the first disc (1) and / or second disc (2) by means of a laser process.

12. Composite pane (10) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the composite pane (10) is designed as a roof pane, a rear pane, a side pane or a front pane of a vehicle, preferably as a combined roof and rear pane.

13. Vehicle comprising a composite window (10) according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the first window (1) has a recess (4) as a through-opening, the first window (1) is designed as an outer window of the vehicle and an electrical attachment (9) is arranged on the first window (1), which is electrically connected via the two electrical supply lines (5) to two busbars (6) arranged in the composite window (10).

14. Method for manufacturing a composite disc according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising at least the following process steps: • Providing a first disk (1) and a second disk (2) with at least one recess (4) as a through-hole in the first disk (1) or in the second disk (2), wherein the recess (4) is created by means of a laser process and wherein the first disk (1) and / or the second disk (2) has two busbars (6) and an electrically conductive, transparent layer (3.2), • Providing a thermoplastic intermediate layer (3.1) and two electrical leads (5), wherein the electrical leads (5) are formed from the electrically conductive, transparent layer (3.2) and are arranged on the second surface (II) of the first disk (1) or on the first surface (III) of the second disk (2), • Connect a first end (5.1) of an electrical supply line (5) to a common conductor (6), wherein a second end (5.2) of the electrical supply line (5) is arranged to be electrically contactable via the recess (4), • Forming a layer stack comprising at least in this order first disk (1), thermoplastic intermediate layer (3.1) and second disk (2) to form a composite disk (10), and • Combining the layer stack consisting of at least the first disk (1), thermoplastic intermediate layer (3.1) and second disk (2) to form the composite disk (10).

15. Use of a laminated glass pane according to any one of claims 1 to 12 as vehicle glazing in means of transport for traffic on land, in the air or on water, preferably as vehicle glazing in rail vehicles or motor vehicles, in particular as vehicle glazing of Passenger cars.

Images