Composite pane for a vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite pane (10) for a vehicle, comprising: • at least one cutout (4) as a through-opening in a first pane (1) and / or a second pane (2) of the composite pane (10), • at least two busbars (6) as current supply conductors on the first pane (1) and / or the second pane (2), and • at least two electrical supply lines (5) which are provided between the first pane (1) and the second pane (2), each electrical supply line having a first end (5.1) and a second end (5.2) lying opposite the first end (5.2), the first end (5.1) of each electrical supply line (5) being electrically conductively connected to a busbar (6) and the second end (5.2) of the electrical supply line (5) being guided out of the composite pane through the cutout (4) or the second end (5.2) of the electrical supply line (5) being located in the cutout (4).

Description

[0001] Composite windscreen for a vehicle

[0002] The invention relates to a composite disc for a vehicle and a vehicle with the composite disc, as well as a method for manufacturing the composite disc and its use.

[0003] Laminated glass is used as windshields or roof windows in motor vehicles. Laminated glass consists of at least one outer pane, a second inner pane, and an adhesive interlayer that bonds the outer pane to the inner pane. Typical interlayers are polyvinyl butyral films, which, in addition to their adhesive properties, offer high toughness and high acoustic damping. The interlayer prevents the laminated glass from shattering if damaged. The laminated glass may develop cracks but remains dimensionally stable.

[0004] To increase road safety, many vehicles have additional brake lights inside the vehicle. Vehicles are known from the prior art that have a single, raised brake light mounted near the rear window. This raised brake light is usually an additional light to the two brake lights located on the sides of the vehicle.

[0005] From DE 102 17 490 B4, a motor vehicle with a brake light located at the upper edge of the rear window is known. The brake light is positioned behind the upper edge of the rear window, facing the vehicle interior. When the brake light is activated, a light signal shines through the rear window. The brake light is concealed from the vehicle interior by an interior trim panel. The rear window itself is of a simple design. This necessitates a high degree of installation effort, particularly with regard to the electrical wiring. A further disadvantage of this arrangement is that the light emitted from the additional brake light is less intense and of a lower color when viewed from the outside compared to the other two side-mounted brake lights of the vehicle, as the rear window acts as a disruptive light filter.Furthermore, the brake light and its electrical connections are positioned far from the rear window, so that light reflections on the rear window are distractingly visible to the driver in the rearview mirror. WO2018 / 142078 A1 discloses a laminated glass consisting of a first glass pane and a second glass pane bonded together by means of an adhesive layer. The second glass pane has a through-opening. A thin film is located between the adhesive layer and the second glass pane on the surface of the opening.

[0006] In WO 2022 / 142078 A1, a composite glass with a sensor for use as a vehicle glass is described, wherein the sensor is positioned at a distance from the edge of the composite glass in such a way that it projects beyond the outside of the inner glass into the vehicle interior and is connected to a power source via an electrical connection.

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a composite lens for a vehicle that allows for the easy mounting of an electrical component and in which a brake light, as an electrical component, is clearly visible, so that a harmonious overall appearance of the brake lights is achieved together with the side brake lights. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a method for manufacturing such a composite lens.

[0008] This problem is solved by a composite disk according to independent claim 1. Preferred embodiments are set forth in the dependent claims.

[0009] The composite windscreen according to the invention for a vehicle comprises a first windscreen with a first surface and a second surface, a second windscreen with a first surface and a second surface, and a thermoplastic intermediate layer that connects the first windscreen and the second windscreen. The first windscreen and / or the second windscreen has at least one recess as a through-opening. Furthermore, the first windscreen and / or the second windscreen has at least two busbars as current supply conductors and at least two electrical leads that are arranged between the first windscreen and the second windscreen. A first end of each electrical lead is electrically connected to a busbar, and a second end of the electrical lead is led out of the composite windscreen through the recess, or the second end of the electrical lead is located in the recess.

[0010] An electrical component, such as a brake light, can be directly attached to the composite lens and electrically connected. When the composite lens is installed in a vehicle, the brake light can then shine directly towards the surroundings from its outer surface. This makes the brake light clearly visible to onlookers. The brake light attached to the composite lens gains in brightness and color, exhibiting the same brightness and color as the other two side-mounted brake lights of the vehicle. The composite lens according to the invention can thus significantly contribute to increasing vehicle safety.

[0011] The composite lens has at least two busbars and at least two supply lines for the electrical component. Each supply line has a first end that is electrically connected to a busbar. A second end is routed out of the composite lens through the recess, or the second end of the supply line is located within the recess. The second end of the supply line can be provided with a connection for an electrical component, particularly a brake light. The supply lines are preferably routed between the second surface of the first lens and the first surface of the second lens to the recess and laminated into the thermoplastic intermediate layer. The supply line can connect to a busbar at one end and to an electrical component at the opposite end.If the electrical component is mounted on the laminated glass, the second end of the electrical supply cable can be provided for electrical contact with the component. This arrangement eliminates the need for an additional interior trim piece on the laminated glass. This ensures that the view through the central field of vision of the laminated glass is improved.

[0012] Arranging the electrical supply line within the thermoplastic intermediate layer is advantageous because it is then less visually conspicuous and protected against mechanical damage. The electrical supply line can be a wire, a cable, a foil conductor, or a metal strip, particularly a copper strip. The wire can also have a lacquer coating. Straight resistance wires are also possible as supply lines. The electrical supply lines preferably consist of horizontally or vertically running, essentially parallel wires with a diameter of approximately 20 pm to 200 pm, preferably 90 pm, and particularly preferably 20 pm to 30 pm. They run essentially perpendicular to the busbars. Various configurations of the supply lines are conceivable, for example, with horizontally running supply lines and vertical busbars.The wire is designed to be particularly thin, so that it does not, or only minimally, impair the view through the laminated glass. The wire may also have electrical insulation made of plastic.

[0013] Examples of foil conductors are described in DE 42 35 063 A1, DE 20 2004 019 286 U1, and DE 93 13 394 U1. Flexible foil conductors, sometimes also called flat conductors or flat ribbon conductors, preferably consist of a tinned copper strip with a thickness of 0.03 mm to 0.1 mm and a width of 2 mm to 16 mm. Copper has proven suitable for such conductors because it has good electrical conductivity and is easy to process into foils. At the same time, the material costs are low. Other electrically conductive materials that can be processed into foils can also be used. Examples include aluminum, gold, silver, or tin and alloys thereof.

[0014] Preferably, one of the two busbars extends at least partially along a first edge of the first or second disk, and the other busbar extends along a second edge of the first or second disk, with the second edge being opposite the first edge (for example, bottom and top edges, or right and left). Furthermore, the busbars can be positioned at a distance from an edge. Often, the busbars are positioned near the edge, i.e., not centrally within the interior of the composite disk. Additionally, a cover layer is applied in the area of ​​the busbars to conceal the individual busbars, or a large-area cover layer can be provided that also covers the incoming conductors.

[0015] The collector conductors can be electrically connected to a voltage source via a foil conductor leading out of the composite disc.

[0016] In a further advantageous embodiment of the composite disk according to the invention, the busbars are located on at least one of the surfaces, in particular an inner surface, of the first and / or second disk. Alternatively, the busbars can be integrated into the intermediate layer. The busbars are then preferably applied to a carrier film. The carrier film preferably contains a polymer, in particular polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or combinations thereof.

[0017] The busbars can each be designed as a printed, electrically conductive paste, preferably a silver-containing screen-printing paste, or as an electrically conductive conductor, preferably made of metal, and in particular copper, silver, gold, or aluminum. Copper has proven suitable for such conductors due to its good electrical conductivity. At the same time, copper is inexpensive to use. The busbars can be made of tinned copper foil strips. The busbar can also be, for example, in wire form or as a flat conductor. The busbars are also referred to as busbars. The electrical leads are electrically connected to the busbars in such a way that when an electrical voltage is applied to the busbars, a current can flow through the electrical leads if the lead is in contact with an electrical component.

[0018] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the composite window according to the invention, the composite window is designed as a roof window, a rear window, a side window or a front window of a vehicle, preferably as a combined roof and rear window.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the laminated glass can be designed as vehicle glazing, in particular as a combined roof and rear window. According to the invention, the combined roof and rear window is a roof window that has been significantly extended so that the roof window encompasses the rear window and is formed as a single piece. The roof and rear window provides the occupants with an extended vertical field of vision.

[0020] Preferably, the laminated glass pane between two busbars on a pane with a recess includes an electrical component that is electrically contacted by the two electrical leads. The electrical component can comprise any electrically controllable device used in automotive glazing that can be mounted on an outer surface of the laminated glass pane. The electrical component can be a lighting device, in particular a brake light, a turn signal, a reversing light, a rear fog light, a camera, a GPS module, and / or a sensor module. Examples of electrical components relevant in the automotive sector include antennas, rain sensors, and light sensors.

[0021] It is preferred that the first pane has the recess, particularly when the first pane is installed as the outer pane of a vehicle. In this case, the composite pane does not act as a light filter in the beam path of the brake light. Alternatively or additionally, the recess can be configured as a through-opening in the second pane (inner pane). It is further preferred that the second end of the electrical supply line from the composite pane is routed to an outer surface, particularly the first surface, of the first pane. In a further preferred embodiment, the first pane and / or the second pane has at least two recesses as through-openings. This is advantageous because it provides two recesses per attachment. This allows the attachment to be securely fastened to the composite pane.

[0022] In one possible embodiment, the electrical component is mounted on a bracket. The composite disc is then connected to the bracket via an adhesive bond. The bracket can be at least partially inserted into the recess. The electrical component with the bracket has a width and / or height between 2 cm and 50 cm, preferably between 5 cm and 20 cm. The bracket is selected to match the depth of the recess. The bracket is preferably bonded to the composite disc via an adhesive layer. This adhesive layer can be an adhesive, in particular an electrically conductive adhesive. Bonding of the bracket to the composite disc can occur after the lamination process. Particularly preferably, the electrical component is reversibly fixed in the bracket, thus simplifying the replacement of the component.The brake light, installed as an add-on component in the mounting device, can be oriented in different directions and, for example, emit light diffusely towards the surroundings of the vehicle in which the composite lens is installed.

[0023] A further advantage of the composite disc according to the invention is the flexible positioning of the recess and thus of the electrical component on the composite disc. Since both the contour of the recess and its positioning on the first and / or second disc are freely selectable, several electrical components can be attached to the composite disc, radiating in a wide variety of directions.

[0024] The recess in one pane of the composite pane is designed as a through-hole and refers to a hole that extends from the first surface (inside) of a pane to the second surface (outside) of the same pane and completely penetrates the pane.

[0025] The recess can have a diameter of less than 20 mm, preferably less than 10 mm, and particularly preferably less than 4 mm. The recess can be in the form of a borehole. It can also have a round, elliptical, trapezoidal, angular, or partially angular contour. Depending on the application of the invention, the recess can also have an elongated, cylindrical, or non-orthogonal shape.

[0026] The recess can be created in the first and / or second pane using a laser process. Such a recess exhibits a correspondingly high precision and manufacturing tolerance, making it suitable for precisely accommodating a holding device with a fixed-sized electrical component, even in three-dimensionally curved panes. A laser-generated recess differs in its surface structure and precision from an opening created by mechanical means. Preferably, two recesses are arranged symmetrically with respect to a central axis of the composite pane.

[0027] The thickness of the first and / or second pane can vary widely and thus be ideally adapted to the requirements of the individual case. Standard thicknesses of 1.0 mm to 25 mm are preferably used, and more preferably 1.4 mm to 2.5 mm for vehicle glass. The size of the panes can vary widely and depends on the size of the application according to the invention. The first and second panes, for example, have areas of 200 cm², which are common in vehicle construction. 2 up to 2 m 2 on.

[0028] The composite disc can have any three-dimensional shape. Preferably, the three-dimensional shape has no shadowed areas, so that it can be coated with further coatings, for example, by cathode sputtering. Preferably, the discs are planar or slightly or strongly curved in one or more directions. Planar substrates are particularly well-suited. The discs can be colorless or colored.

[0029] The first and second panes preferably contain or consist of glass, particularly preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, aluminosilicate glass, or clear plastics, preferably rigid clear plastics, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and / or mixtures thereof. The first and second panes can be clear and colorless, but also tinted or colored.

[0030] The first and second discs are bonded together by at least one intermediate layer. The intermediate layer is preferably transparent, tinted, or colored. The intermediate layer preferably contains or consists of at least one plastic, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), and / or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). However, the intermediate layer can also contain, for example, polyurethane (PU), polypropylene (PP), polyacrylate, polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetate resin, casting resins, acrylates, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinyl fluoride, and / or ethylene tetrafluoroethylene, or copolymers or mixtures thereof. The intermediate layer can be formed by one or more films arranged one above the other, the thickness of each film preferably being from 0.025 mm to 1 mm, typically 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm.The intermediate layers can preferably be thermoplastic and, after lamination, bond the first pane, the second pane, and any further intermediate layers together. Particularly advantageous are so-called acoustically damping intermediate layers, which preferably consist of three layers of PVB, with the middle layer being softer than the two outer layers.

[0031] The intermediate layer can also be a functional intermediate layer, in particular an infrared-reflecting intermediate layer, an infrared-absorbing intermediate layer, a UV-absorbing intermediate layer, an intermediate layer that is at least partially colored, and / or an intermediate layer that is at least partially tinted. For example, the thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be a bandpass filter film.

[0032] The terms "first pane" and "second pane" are chosen to distinguish between the two panes in a composite pane according to the invention. These terms do not imply anything about the geometric arrangement. If, for example, the composite pane according to the invention is intended to separate the interior from the external environment in an opening, such as in a vehicle, the first pane can face either the interior or the external environment. Preferably, the first pane, as the outer pane, faces the external environment.

[0033] The first pane and / or the second pane may have further suitable coatings known per se, for example anti-reflective coatings, non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings, photocatalytic coatings or sun protection coatings or low-E coatings.

[0034] Furthermore, the composite disk may have additional functional elements, in particular electronically controllable optical elements, for example electro-optical functional elements (SPD = Suspended Particle Device, which are known, for example, from EP 0876608 B1 and WO 2011033313 A1 or PDLC = Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal), electrochromic elements or similar, which are typically arranged between the first disk and the second disk.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the composite pane, the second surface of the first pane has an opaque cover layer, at least in one, and in particular circumferential, edge region of the composite pane. The opaque cover layer faces the thermoplastic intermediate layer. This protects the opaque cover layer from external weather influences. The opaque cover layer can be arranged directly or indirectly on the pane surface. The edge region borders and extends along at least one edge of the first pane. When viewed perpendicularly from the outside, the opaque cover layer obscures the view of the busbars. The busbars are arranged at least partially within the area of ​​the cover layer. The busbars can be applied directly or indirectly, preferably directly, to the opaque cover layer.

[0036] The opaque cover layer is optionally widened in at least one area. This means that the opaque cover layer has a greater width perpendicular to the nearest section of the perimeter edge of the composite panel than in other sections. The opaque cover layer is preferably formed around the perimeter edge of the composite panel, with the width of the cover layer varying.

[0037] The at least one opaque cover layer according to the invention is a layer that prevents visibility through the composite pane. The opaque cover layer allows a transmission of at most 5%, preferably at most 2%, particularly preferably at most 1%, and especially at most 0.1% of the visible spectrum. The opaque cover layer can be formed across the entire surface; alternatively, the cover layer can be semi-transparent, for example, as a dot matrix, stripe matrix, or grid. Additionally, the cover layer can have a gradient, for example, from an opaque layer to a semi-transparent layer.

[0038] The opaque coating can be, for example, an opaque enamel or an opaque lacquer. The opaque coating preferably contains at least one pigment and glass frits. It may also contain other chemical compounds. The glass frits can be fused or melted onto the coating, thereby permanently bonding (fusion- or sintering) the coating to the glass surface. The pigment provides the opacity of the coating. Such coatings are typically applied as enamel.

[0039] Such opaque coatings are also known as screen printing or black print. A printing ink, from which the opaque coating is formed in the form of an enamel, preferably contains at least the pigment and the glass frits suspended in a liquid phase (solvent), for example, water or organic solvents such as alcohols. The pigment is typically a black pigment, for example, carbon black, aniline black, bone black, iron oxide black, spinel black, and / or graphite.

[0040] Alternatively or additionally, the thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be colored to cover the view of the collector conductors in the edge area.

[0041] Another aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle comprising a composite disc according to the invention, wherein the first disc has a recess as a through-opening, the first disc is designed as an outer disc of the vehicle and an electrical attachment is arranged on the first surface of the first disc (outer side), which is electrically connected via two electrical leads to two busbars arranged in the composite disc.

[0042] The laminated glass pane is designed to separate the interior from the outside environment in a window opening, particularly a vehicle window opening. For the purposes of the invention, the second pane, referred to as the inner pane, is the pane of the laminated glass facing the interior. The first pane, referred to as the outer pane, is the pane facing the outside environment.

[0043] The invention further comprises a method for manufacturing a composite disc according to the invention for a vehicle, comprising at least the following method steps:

[0044] • Providing a first disk and a second disk with at least one recess as a through-hole in the first disk or in the second disk, wherein the recess is made by means of a laser process and wherein the first disk and / or the second disk has two busbars,

[0045] • Providing a thermoplastic intermediate layer and two supply lines,

[0046] • Connect a first end of an electrical supply line to a common conductor, wherein a second end of the electrical supply line is led out through the recess to the first surface of the first disk or to the second surface of the second disk, or the second end of the electrical supply line is arranged in the recess,

[0047] • Forming a layer stack comprising at least in this order a first disk, a thermoplastic intermediate layer and a second disk to form a composite disk, wherein the two feed lines are arranged between the second surface of the first disk and the first surface of the second disk, and

[0048] • Combining the layer stack consisting of at least the first disc, thermoplastic intermediate layer and second disc to form a composite disc.

[0049] The recess is created in the first and / or second disc using a laser process.

[0050] Preferably, both the first and second panes of the laminated glass unit comprise glass. The cutout is created in the panes using a laser process. This is particularly advantageous because laser processes can be carried out without mechanical processing steps (such as breaking by mechanical pressure). This allows the glass layer to be cut gently, resulting in smooth cut edges without any disruptive damage. These processes are also well-suited for automated processing. Furthermore, very small radii of curvature of the cut glass layers can be achieved. It has been shown that radii of curvature of less than 2 mm can be produced without difficulty, which is not reliably possible with mechanical processing. The contour of the cutout is therefore completely freely selectable. Cut lines with only a small distance between them can also be achieved.

[0051] Laser processing is particularly advantageous when using thin glass panes (1.4 mm or less thick) as the first or second pane of a laminated glass unit. Thin glass panes differ in their processing properties from thicker glass panes, often rendering traditional mechanical glass cutting methods unsuitable. Depending on the thickness of the glass pane, cutting results in a rough edge with microcracks and other damage. Subsequent edge finishing, common with thicker glass panes, becomes increasingly difficult as the pane thickness decreases. Laser cutting processes yield superior results in this regard and are applicable regardless of the pane thickness.Pulsed lasers are primarily used for laser drilling of workpieces. The workpiece and laser are moved relative to each other in such a way that several successive pulses strike the same point on the workpiece, melting and vaporizing the material. Through-holes created by laser drilling exhibit high geometric precision. Furthermore, conical openings can also be easily created using laser drilling.

[0052] The first and second discs can be bent individually. Preferably, the outer and inner discs are bent congruently together (i.e., simultaneously and using the same tool) because this ensures that the shape of the discs is optimally matched for subsequent lamination. Bending of the discs preferably takes place before laser processing.

[0053] In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, an opaque cover layer is applied first, followed by the busbars. In this embodiment, the busbars are thus only present in the area where the opaque cover layer is located. The opaque cover layer is preferably applied to the first surface of the second disk, the one facing the intermediate layer. Alternatively or additionally, the opaque cover layer can be applied to the second surface of the first disk, the one facing the intermediate layer.

[0054] The bonding of the first and second panes to form a composite pane via the thermoplastic interlayer is preferably achieved by lamination. The thermoplastic interlayer is preferably provided as a film. The composite pane is produced by lamination using conventional methods known to those skilled in the art, such as autoclave processes, vacuum bag processes, vacuum ring processes, calender processes, vacuum laminators, or combinations thereof. The bonding of the first and second panes occurs under the influence of heat, vacuum, and / or pressure.

[0055] The electrical component with its mounting device is preferably installed after the composite panel has been laminated. The recess is easily accessible after lamination.

[0056] A further aspect of the invention comprises the use of a composite pane according to the invention as vehicle glazing in means of transport for land, air, or water traffic, preferably as vehicle glazing in rail vehicles or motor vehicles, in particular as vehicle glazing in passenger cars. The embodiments of the composite pane according to the invention described above also apply accordingly to the method for manufacturing a composite pane according to the invention and vice versa.

[0057] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to figures and exemplary embodiments. The figures are schematic representations and not to scale. The figures do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that different aspects are described, each of which can be used individually or in combination. That is, each aspect can be used with different embodiments of the invention, unless explicitly presented as a pure alternative.

[0058] They show:

[0059] Figure 1 shows a top view of an embodiment of a composite disk according to the invention.

[0060] Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the composite disk according to the invention from Figure 1 ,

[0061] Figure 3 shows a top view of another embodiment of the composite disc according to the invention, and

[0062] Figures 4-13 show different embodiments of the composite disk according to the invention in section Z as shown in Figure 3.

[0063] Specifications with numerical values ​​are generally not to be understood as exact values, but also include a tolerance of + / - 1% to + / - 10%. Identical or equivalent elements are marked with the same reference symbol.

[0064] Figure 1 shows a top view of a first embodiment of the composite pane 10 according to the invention. The composite pane 10 is designed to separate the interior 12 (Figure 4) of the car from the external environment 13 in a window opening of the car. For the sake of simplicity, the composite pane 10 is shown in plan view, although roof panes are typically curved in reality.

[0065] The composite disc 10 comprises a first disc 1 with a first surface I and a second surface II, a second disc 2 with a first surface III and a second surface IV, and a thermoplastic intermediate layer 3 that connects the first disc 1 and the second disc 2. Furthermore, the first disc 1 has a recess 4 in the form of a through-hole. The contour of the recess 4 is circular. Two busbars 6 are arranged along an edge K of the first disc 1 as current supply conductors. The busbars 6 are strip-shaped and spaced apart from each other. Both busbars 6 are arranged at a small distance of approximately 1 cm, 2 cm, or 5 cm from the edge K. The two busbars 6 are separated from each other by a high-impedance connection. The busbars 6 are each formed as a printed, electrically conductive, silver-containing screen-printing paste.Preferably, the busbars 6 are coated with a baking paste using screen printing and then baked on. Alternatively, the busbars 6 can be made of tinned copper foil strips. A busbar 6 can also be, for example, in wire form or as a flat conductor.

[0066] The busbars 6 can be electrically connected to a voltage source via a foil conductor extending from the composite disc 10. Furthermore, the busbars 6 can be functionally connected to a control and / or regulating unit, for example, to the on-board electronics of a vehicle.

[0067] Furthermore, the composite disc 10 has at least two electrical supply lines 5 arranged between the first disc 1 and the second disc 2. The composite disc 10 can also have three or four electrical supply lines 5. A first end 5.1 of each electrical supply line 5 is electrically connected to a busbar 6, and a second end 5.2 of the electrical supply lines 5 is led out through the recess 4, or the second end 5.2 of the electrical supply line 5 is located in the recess 4.

[0068] The electrical leads 5 are designed as a wire or a cable. Alternatively, the leads 5 can be designed as foil conductors or metal strips, in particular copper strips. The wire may additionally have a coating of lacquer. The electrical leads 5 consist of horizontally running, essentially parallel wires, which have a diameter of approximately 20 pm to 200 pm, for example 100 pm [micrometers].

[0069] Each electrical supply line 5 is formed in one piece between a busbar and the recess 4. The electrical supply lines 5 are electrically connected to the busbars 6 in such a way that when an electrical component 9 is connected to the supply lines 5 and an electrical voltage is applied to the busbars 6, a current can flow through the electrical supply lines 5. The second surface II of the first pane 1 and / or the first surface III of the second pane 2 can have an opaque cover layer 8 at least in a perimeter region 7 along the first edge K of the first pane 1 or the second pane 2 of the composite pane 10. The opaque cover layer 8 is applied in a frame-like manner within a circumferential perimeter region 7. The perimeter region 7 and the cover layer 8 can have a width of approximately 20 mm to 200 mm. The cover layer 8 is opaque and, when viewed perpendicularly from the outside, obscures the view of the busbars 6.

[0070] The first surface III of the second disc 2 can have the cover layer 8 at least in the surrounding edge area 7. The cover layer 8 also serves as protection against UV radiation. The cover layer 8 is optionally widened in at least one area. The opaque cover layer 8 can, for example, be designed as an opaque enamel or as an opaque lacquer.

[0071] The distribution board 6 is positioned at the perimeter 7, i.e., not centrally located within the interior. The cover layer 8 was applied to the area of ​​the distribution board 6 to conceal the individual boards. Additionally, a larger cover layer 8 may be provided that also covers the supply lines 5.

[0072] In one embodiment of the inventive method for producing a composite disk 10, the opaque cover layer 8 is applied first, followed by the busbars 6. In this embodiment, the busbars 6 are thus only present in the area where the opaque cover layer 8 is located. The opaque cover layer 8 can additionally be applied to the first surface III of the second disk 2, the surface facing the intermediate layer 3.

[0073] Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view along section line AA' according to Figure 1 of the composite pane 10 according to the invention, with a recess 4 in the form of a through-opening in the first pane 1. The composite pane 10 comprises the first pane 1 and the second pane 2, which are connected to each other via the thermoplastic interlayer 3. The first pane 1 has the first surface I and the second surface II. The second pane 2 has the first surface III and the second surface VI. The thermoplastic interlayer 3 connects the second surface II of the first pane 1 with the first surface III of the second pane 2. The composite pane 10 is used as a rear window of a motor vehicle. Alternatively, the composite pane 10 can be used as a roof and rear window, wherein the roof and rear window is a combined roof and rear window, i.e.,The roof window was significantly lengthened, so that the roof window now encompasses the rear window.

[0074] The first pane 1 and the second pane 2 are made of soda-lime glass. The first pane 1, for example, has a thickness of 2.1 mm, and the second pane 2 has a thickness of 1.6 mm. The interlayer 3 is, for example, made of a PVB film with a thickness of 0.76 mm. The thermoplastic interlayer 3 is a polyvinyl butyral film with a thickness of 0.76 mm, measured before lamination. The laminated pane 10 has the recess 4, through which the second end 5.2 of the electrical lead 5 exits the laminated pane 10.

[0075] The first pane 1 can be designed as an outer pane and the second pane 2 as an inner pane. The outer pane is the pane that, in its installed position, is intended to face the external environment 13. The inner pane is the pane that, in its installed position, is intended to face the interior 12.

[0076] Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the composite disc 10. In Figure 3, the first disc 1 has several, in particular two, recesses 4 in the form of a through-opening. The recesses 4 are arranged horizontally in the installed position of the composite disc 10. The two recesses 4 of the composite disc 10 are arranged between two busbars 6. The two recesses 4 are arranged symmetrically with respect to a central axis M of the composite disc 10.

[0077] Each electrical supply line 5 contacts one of the busbars 6 in the composite disc 10 at one end 5.1, and the opposite, second end 5.2 of each supply line 5 is led out of the composite disc 10 through a recess 4. Alternatively, two or more second ends 5.2 can emerge from a single recess 4. These two second ends 5.2 are intended for contacting an electrical component 9. Alternatively, the second ends 5.2 of both supply lines 5 can terminate in the recess 4 and electrically contact the electrical component 9 there via a retaining device. In this case, an electrically conductive adhesive is located in the recess 4. The composite disc 10 can also have three or four electrical supply lines 5.

[0078] Figures 4 to 13 show different embodiments of the basic structure in section Z according to Figure 3. In Figure 4, the first disk 1 has two recesses 4 in the form of a through-opening. A second end 5.2 of the supply line 5 is led out of the composite disk 10 through each of these recesses 4. The first disk 1 is shown as the outer disk, which is intended to face the external environment 13 in the installed position.

[0079] In Figure 5, the electrical component 9 is arranged in a holding device on the composite disc 10. The holding device projects at least partially into the recesses 4 and secures the electrical component 9 to the composite disc 10. Additionally, the holding device is bonded to the composite disc 10 via an adhesive layer. The holding device can be bonded after the composite disc 10 has been laminated.

[0080] The electrical component 9 is a brake light. The brake light shines directly into the surroundings and is therefore clearly visible even in adverse weather conditions. Alternatively or additionally, the electrical component 9 can include another lighting device, a turn signal, a reversing light, a rear fog light, and / or a camera, a GPS module, or a sensor module. The brake light emits light towards the surroundings 13. The mounting device is designed as a so-called bracket. The electrical component 9 is reversibly fixed in the mounting device, which simplifies its replacement.

[0081] Figure 6 shows a schematic view of section Z of the composite disk 10 from Figure 3. The electrical leads 5 are routed between the second surface II of the first disk 1 and the first surface III of the second disk 2 to the respective recess 4 and laminated into the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3. The electrical leads 5 can be designed as a wire, a cable, a foil conductor, or a metal strip, in particular a copper strip. The wire can additionally have a coating of lacquer and a diameter of approximately 20 pm to 200 pm or 20 pm to 30 pm. The wire can also have electrical insulation made of plastic.

[0082] In Figure 7, the first disk 1, as in Figure 4, has two recesses 4 in the form of a through-hole. A second end 5.2 of the supply line 5 is led out of the composite disk 10 through each of these recesses 4. In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the recesses 4 shown in Figure 7 are arranged vertically. In Figure 8, the electrical attachment 9 is arranged in a holding device on the composite disk 10 from Figure 7. In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 5, the electrical attachment 9 shown in Figure 8 is arranged vertically on the composite disk 10.

[0083] In the previously described design variants, the electrical attachment 9 is located on the first disc 1, which in the installed state is the outer disc, i.e. on an outside of the vehicle.

[0084] In Figure 9, the second disc 2 has two recesses 4 in the form of a through-hole. A second end 5.2 of the supply line 5 is led out of the composite disc 10 through each of these recesses 4. The second disc 2 is shown as the inner disc, which is intended to face the interior 12 of a vehicle when installed.

[0085] Figure 10 shows a further embodiment of the composite disc 10, in which the electrical component 9 is arranged on the second disc 2. The electrical component 9 is a brake light. The light from the brake light shines directly through the composite disc 10 towards the external environment 13 and is therefore clearly visible even in adverse weather conditions and protected from the elements. The second disc 2 has two recesses 4, each in the form of a through-hole. The two recesses 4 are arranged symmetrically with respect to a central axis M of the composite disc 10.

[0086] Figure 10 shows the configuration of the composite pane 10 with the electrical component 9 attached to the second pane 2. The electrical component 9 is arranged in a holding device on the composite pane 10, analogous to Figure 5. The holding device projects at least partially into the recesses 4 and secures the electrical component 9 to the composite pane 10. Additionally, the holding device is bonded to the composite pane 10 via an adhesive layer. The holding device can be bonded after the composite pane 10 has been laminated. In one installation position of the composite pane 10, the electrical component is located in the interior 12 of a vehicle.

[0087] Figure 11 shows a schematic view of section Z of the composite disk 10 from Figure 9. The electrical leads 5 are routed between the second surface II of the first disk 1 and the first surface III of the second disk 2 to the respective recess 4 and laminated into the thermoplastic intermediate layer 3. The electrical leads 5 can be designed as a wire, a cable, a foil conductor, or a metal strip, in particular a copper strip. The wire can additionally have a coating of lacquer and a diameter of approximately 20 pm to 200 pm or 20 pm to 30 pm. The wire can also have electrical insulation made of plastic.

[0088] In the embodiment shown in Figures 12 and 13, the second disk 2 has two recesses 4. A second end 5.2 of the supply line 5 is led out of the composite disk 10 through each of these recesses 4. In contrast to the embodiment shown in Figure 9, the recesses 4 shown in Figure 12 are arranged vertically; therefore, the electrical component 9 is arranged vertically on the second disk 2 in Figure 13. The electrical component 9 is arranged in the holding device on the composite disk 10. The holding device projects at least partially into the recesses 4 and secures the electrical component 9 to the composite disk 10. Additionally, the holding device is bonded to the composite disk 10 via an adhesive layer. The holding device can be bonded after the composite disk 10 has been laminated.In one installation position of the composite disc 10, the electrical component is located in the interior 12 of a vehicle.

[0089] A particular advantage of the invention is the increased road safety. Furthermore, the installation effort, especially the wiring of such an add-on component, is reduced, and its energy consumption is optimized. Energy efficiency is an extremely important criterion for future product developments. Advantageously, positioning the brake light on the first or second lens increases the perceived luminous intensity and color of the brake light, so that it produces the same luminous intensity and color as the other two laterally mounted brake lights of the vehicle. Because all brake lights have the same luminous intensity, the vehicle presents an aesthetically pleasing overall appearance to the observer.

[0090] Reference symbol list:

[0091] 1 first disc

[0092] 2 second disc

[0093] 3 Intermediate layer

[0094] 4 recesses

[0095] 5 Supply line

[0096] 5.1 First end of the electrical supply line 5

[0097] 5.2 Second end of the electrical supply line 5

[0098] 6 collection conductors

[0099] 7 Edge area

[0100] 8 Cover layer

[0101] 9 electrical attachment

[0102] 10 Composite disc

[0103] 12 Interior of a vehicle

[0104] 13 external environment of a vehicle

[0105] K edge

[0106] I first surface of the first disk 1

[0107] II second surface of the first disk 1

[0108] III first surface of the second disk 2

[0109] IV first surface of the second disk 2

Claims

Patent claims 1. Composite disc (10) for a vehicle, comprising • a first disk (1) with a first surface (I) and a second surface (II), and • a second disk (2) with a first surface (III) and a second surface (IV), • a thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) which connects the first disk (1) and the second disk (2) together, • at least one recess (4) as a passage opening for the first disk (1) and / or the second disk (2), • at least two busbars (6) as power supply conductors on the first disk (1) and / or the second disk (2), • at least two electrical supply lines (5) arranged between the first disk (1) and the second disk (2), wherein an electrical supply line has a first end (5.1) and a second end (5.2) opposite the first end (5.2), wherein the first end (5.1) of an electrical supply line (5) is electrically connected to a busbar (6) and the second end (5.2) of the electrical supply line (5) is led out of the composite disk (10) through the recess (4) or the second end (5.2) of the electrical supply line (5) is located in the recess (4).

2. Composite pane (10) according to claim 1, wherein the composite pane (10) is designed as a roof pane, a rear pane, a side pane or a front pane of a vehicle, preferably as a combined roof and rear pane.

3. Composite disc (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first disc (1) and / or the second disc (2) have at least two recesses (4) as through-openings.

4. Composite disc (10) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the electrical supply line (5) is designed as a wire, a cable or a metal strip, in particular a copper strip.

5. Composite disc (10) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second end (5.2) of the electrical supply line (5) is provided with a connection for an electrical attachment (9).

6. Composite disc (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the composite disc (10) has an electrical attachment (9) between the two busbars (6) on at least one disc (1 , 2) having the recess (4), which is electrically contacted with the two electrical leads (5).

7. Composite disc (10) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the second end (5.2) of the electrical supply line (5) is provided for electrical contacting of an electrical attachment part (9).

8. Composite disc (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the composite disc (10) is connected via an adhesive connection to a holding device having an electrical attachment (9).

9. Composite disc (10) according to one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the electrical attachment (9) is a lighting device, in particular a brake light, a flashing light, a reversing light, a rear fog light, and / or a camera, a GPS module, a sensor module.

10. Composite disk according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein one of the two busbars (6) extends at least partially along a first edge (K) of the first disk (1) or the second disk (2) and the other busbar (6) extends along a second edge (K) of the first disk (1) or the second disk (2), wherein the second edge (K) is arranged opposite the first edge (K).

11. Composite disc (10) according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the second surface (11) the first disk (1) or the first surface (III) of the second disk (2) has at least in an edge region (7) along a first edge (K) of the first disk (1) or the second disk (2) of the composite disk (10) an opaque cover layer (8).

12. Composite disc (10) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the recess (4) has a diameter of less than 20 mm, preferably less than 10 mm, particularly preferably less than 4 mm.

13. Vehicle comprising a composite window (10) according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein a first window (1) has at least one recess (4) as a through-opening, the first window (1) is designed as an outer window of the vehicle and an electrical attachment (9) is arranged on a first surface (I) of the first window (1), which is electrically connected via the two electrical supply lines (5) to two busbars arranged in the composite window (10).

14. Method for manufacturing a composite disk (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising at least the following process steps: • Providing a first disk (1) and a second disk (2) with at least one recess (4) as a through-opening in the first disk (1) or in the second disk (2), wherein the recess (4) is made by means of a laser process and wherein the first disk (1) and / or the second disk (2) has two busbars (6), • Providing a thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) and two electrical leads (5), • Connecting a first end of each of the two electrical supply lines (5) to a common conductor (6), wherein a second end (5.2) of the electrical supply line (5) is led out through the recess to a first surface (I) of the first disk (1) or to a second surface (IV) of the second disk, or the second end (5.2) of the electrical supply line (5) is arranged in the recess (4), • Forming a layer stack comprising at least in this order a first disk (1), a thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) and a second disk (2) to form a composite disk (10), wherein the two electrical leads (5) are arranged between the second surface (II) of the first disk (1) and the first surface (III) of the second disk (2), and • Combining the stack of layers consisting of at least the first disk (1), thermoplastic intermediate layer (3) and the second disk (2) to form the composite disk (10).

15. Use of a laminated glass pane according to any one of claims 1 to 12 as vehicle glazing in means of transport for traffic on land, in the air or on water, preferably as vehicle glazing in rail vehicles or motor vehicles, in particular as vehicle glazing of Passenger cars.

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