Electrical plug connector

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical plug connector (1) for connection to an electrical mating plug connector (2), comprising a one-piece contact carrier (3) and at least one contact element assembly (4) formed from at least one first electrical contact element (5) and one second electrical contact element (6), wherein the contact elements (5, 6, 35) of a respective contact element assembly (4) are at least partly received in the contact carrier (3) and make electrical and mechanical contact with one another in a non-plugged state of the electrical plug connector (1) and the electrical mating plug connector (2). At least the first contact element (5) and the second contact element (6) of a respective contact element assembly (4) each have a connection region (8) for connecting a respective electrical conductor (7) of an electrical line (13), wherein a contact element chamber (14') for at least one of the contact element assemblies (4) is formed at least in a first interface (14) provided for connection to the electrical mating plug connector (2). It is provided that, in a plugged state of the electrical plug connector (1) and of the electrical mating plug connector (2), for the contact element assemblies (4), in each case at least the first contact element (5) and the second contact element (6) a) are directly electrically connected to one another at an axial distance from the first interface (14); or b) are electrically connected to one another exclusively in the first interface (14) indirectly via the mating plug connector (2) plugged therebetween.

Description

[0001] ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR

[0002] The present application claims the priorities of German patent application No. 10 2024 121 267.5, international PCT application No. PCT / EP2024 / 072047, European patent application No. 24214414.5 and European patent application No. 24200043.8, the respective contents of which are incorporated herein in full by reference.

[0003] The invention relates to an electrical connector for connection with an electrical mating connector, in particular a bus connector, comprising a one-piece contact carrier and at least one contact element assembly formed from at least one first electrical contact element and a second electrical contact element, according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0004] The invention also relates to an electrical connecting element of an electrical network topology, in particular a bus system, comprising two electrical connectors connected via at least one electrical conductor.

[0005] The invention further relates to an electrical network topology, in particular a bus system, comprising at least two electrical connecting elements and associated electrical mating connectors for connection with at least two electrical participants.

[0006] Electrical network topologies, particularly (differential) bus systems, are used in many application areas, such as industry, vehicles, and workplaces, for data transmission between multiple electrical devices. The wiring system of an electrical network topology typically includes at least one main line to which each device is connected. For flexible or on-demand connection of the electrical devices, electrical connectors are usually attached to the main line, which can be connected to mating connectors on the devices. These electrical connectors can be, for example, T-, F-, or Y-shaped. EP 4 322 341 A1 serves as an example of a known differential bus system.

[0007] A conventional bus connector requires a relatively large amount of installation space due to its design, which hinders the miniaturization of the overall electrical system. Furthermore, the assembly effort for common network topologies is sometimes high and therefore costly and time-consuming. The assembly effort, for example in an automotive plant or at an original equipment manufacturer (OEM, Tier 1 supplier), can be considerable and prone to errors, as at least one electrical conductor of the overall system must be connected to each of the connector's interfaces. As an alternative to assembly on-site, the entire system can be pre-assembled by the manufacturer, but this limits application flexibility, as the branch points for the network topology participants are fixed.

[0008] In view of the known state of the art, the object of the present invention is to provide an electrical connector which can be advantageously used in a network topology in order to preferably enable a flexible and technically simple connection of electrical participants to the network topology.

[0009] The present invention also aims to provide an electrical connecting element that can be used modularly in a network topology, preferably to enable a flexible and technically simple design of a network topology.

[0010] Furthermore, the invention aims to provide an electrical network topology that can be assembled modularly.

[0011] The problem is solved for the electrical connector by the features listed in claim 1. With regard to the electrical connecting element, the problem is solved by the features of claim 20, and with regard to the electrical network topology by claim 22.

[0012] The dependent claims and the features described below relate to advantageous embodiments and variants of the invention.

[0013] The invention relates to an electrical connector for connection with a mating electrical connector, in particular a bus connector. The electrical connector has a one-piece contact carrier and at least one contact element assembly formed from at least a first electrical contact element and a second electrical contact element.

[0014] A contact element assembly according to the invention can, in principle, comprise any number of individual contact elements, but in particular, it may comprise the first electrical contact element and the second electrical contact element (if only the first and second contact elements are present, the contact element assembly can therefore also be referred to as a "contact element pair"). The contact element assembly may, for example, additionally comprise the third electrical contact element mentioned below, or even further electrical contact elements (e.g., a fourth electrical contact element, a fifth electrical contact element, or even more contact elements).

[0015] The electrical connector can also have any number of contact element assemblies, although a single contact element assembly may also be sufficient (e.g., in the case of a coaxial connector). Preferably, however, the electrical connector has several contact element assemblies, for example, two, three, four, five, six, or even more. If several contact element assemblies are provided, the contact element assemblies can also be configured differently, for example, by having a different number of individual contact elements.

[0016] The said one-piece contact carrier is preferably a monolithic component.

[0017] The contact carrier is preferably made of an electrically insulating material, for example a plastic.

[0018] According to the invention, the contact elements of a respective contact element assembly are at least partially received in the contact carrier and contact each other electrically and mechanically in an unplugged state of the electrical connector and the electrical mating connector.

[0019] The positioning and / or alignment and / or course of the contact elements can be defined and specified by the contact carrier.

[0020] Preferably, all contact elements of a given contact element assembly are connected to each other, either directly or indirectly, at least electrically. The fact that the contact elements of a contact element assembly are electrically and mechanically "in contact with each other" does not necessarily mean that all contact elements of the contact element assembly are directly electrically and mechanically connected. For example, it may be provided that only some of the contact elements of a contact element assembly are directly electrically and mechanically connected, while other contact elements are only indirectly electrically connected to each other, in particular by using the respective other contact elements (e.g.,...The third electrical contact element mentioned below can directly contact the first and second electrical contact elements electrically and mechanically, serving as an electrical bridge between these two contact elements. In particular, it can be provided that at least two of the contact elements of a contact element assembly directly contact each other electrically and mechanically.

[0021] According to the invention, at least the first contact element and the second contact element of a respective contact element assembly each have a connection area for connecting a respective electrical conductor of an electrical line.

[0022] In principle, additional or all contact elements of a given contact element assembly can also have corresponding connection areas for connecting a respective electrical conductor, at least the first and second contact elements. Therefore, it is not essential that all contact elements of a contact element assembly have corresponding connection areas. For example, the third electrical contact element mentioned below may not have a connection area. It is preferable that, in the case of multiple contact element assemblies, all first contact elements are connected to respective electrical conductors that are bundled in a common first electrical conductor. Similarly, in the case of multiple contact element assemblies, all second contact elements may be connected to respective electrical conductors that are bundled in a second common conductor.If further contact elements are provided for each contact element assembly (for example, a third contact element, a fourth contact element, etc.), these can each also be connected to respective electrical conductors of respective lines. Thus, it can be provided, in particular, that at least two electrical lines are supplied to the electrical connector, which can be respective main line sections of the network topology.

[0023] It should be noted here that the at least one electrical conductor and / or the at least one electrical line are preferably not to be understood as part of the claimed connector. However, the applicant explicitly reserves the right to define that the at least one electrical conductor and / or the at least one electrical line may also be claimed as part of the connector, such that they are connected to the contact elements via the connection areas.

[0024] Preferably, at least one of the contact elements of at least one contact element assembly (preferably one respective contact element assembly) is accessible for contacting a corresponding mating contact element of the mating connector.

[0025] In particular, the electrical connector may be provided with at least one first interface for connection to a corresponding mating interface of the mating connector. The at least one contact element may extend at least as far as said first interface for contacting the corresponding mating contact element of the mating connector. In particular, the first interface (and also the "second interface" mentioned below) may be a plug-in interface.

[0026] The first interface can be of any electrical and / or mechanical design. The invention is not limited to a specific type or standard of (plug-in) interface. The contact elements in the area of ​​the first interface can be, among other things, pin- or socket-shaped. In addition to rotationally symmetrical or elongated contact elements, flat contacts, for example, are also suitable. The plug compatibility of the first interface can be arbitrary and may be suitable, for example, for connection with an Ethernet connector standard (e.g., RJ connector) or another connector standard.

[0027] The electrical connector can be straight or angled (angled connector). A straight connector may preferably, but not necessarily, be elongated. Preferably, but not necessarily, the first interface is designed for an electrical and mechanical connection with the corresponding mating connector.

[0028] It can be provided that at least in the first interface, a contact element chamber is formed for at least one of the contact element assemblies. Separate contact element chambers can be provided for each contact element assembly; however, several or all contact element assemblies can optionally be accommodated in one or more common contact element chambers. In the case of multiple contact element chambers, these can optionally be interconnected or merge into one another. While a contact element chamber is advantageous within the scope of the invention, it is not strictly necessary.

[0029] According to the invention, in a plugged-in state of the electrical connector and the electrical mating connector, at least the first contact element and the second contact element are a) axially spaced apart from the first interface and directly electrically connected to each other; or b) are exclusively electrically connected to each other indirectly at the first interface via the mating connector inserted between them.

[0030] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that a) opposing initial contact areas of the contact elements of the respective contact element assembly in the first interface are each contactable (preferably electrically contactable) by the mating connector at least at one initial contact; or b) at least one of the associated contact elements per contact element assembly is not contactable by the mating connector in the first interface (preferably only one of the contact elements is contactable per contact element assembly for the at least one mating contact element in the first interface).

[0031] The choice as to whether only one of the contact elements of a contact element assembly or both (or even more) contact elements of the contact element assembly extend to the first interface can be made by the person skilled in the art depending on the respective application or the mating connector type intended for the connection.

[0032] The proposed connector is particularly distinguished by the fact that it is delivered pre-assembled by the manufacturer with at least two cables or wires and can therefore be integrated into a bus system or a more complex network topology by the installer (e.g., an automotive manufacturer) without any assembly effort. In one embodiment of the invention, it is particularly possible that the electrical connector, the electrical contact elements, and / or the contact carrier are designed such that the contact elements can still be mounted in the contact carrier after the respective individual components (in particular, the contact carrier and contact elements) have been manufactured. That is, the contact elements are preferably not overmolded by the contact carrier, additively formed together with the contact carrier, or manufactured by any other common manufacturing process.Preferably, the contact elements can be mounted in the contact carrier by a fitter in a force-fit and / or form-fit and / or material-fit (less preferred) manner along at least one spatial direction.

[0033] Preferably, the contact elements can be non-destructively removed from the contact carrier after assembly. This allows network topology sections to be adapted or replaced as needed, which can, for example, facilitate maintenance or repair.

[0034] Preferably, the initial contact areas of the contact elements of the respective contact element assembly are arranged directly opposite each other, so that the respective initial contact areas are aligned parallel to each other (in the case of surface or line contacts). In particular, it can be provided that opposing contact elements of the respective contact element assembly form a common surface normal in the initial contact area.

[0035] Particularly preferably, the contact elements of a contact element assembly can be shaped symmetrically in the insertion direction and / or arranged symmetrically to one another, especially in the unmated state of the mating contact element and / or during initial contact with the mating contact element. The symmetry can be based on the central or longitudinal axis of the electrical connector and / or the mating connector. In particular, axial symmetry or surface symmetry with respect to a surface extending along the central or longitudinal axis can be provided.

[0036] In this context, "initial contact" refers in particular to a common initial contact of at least one mating contact element with the respective corresponding contact element of the respective contact element assembly. Thus, it can be provided that the mating connector contacts at least one contact element, preferably all contact elements of a respective contact element assembly, simultaneously during the mating process.

[0037] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, all contact elements of a contact element assembly can be arranged in a common contact element chamber, at least at the first interface. In this way, all contact elements of a contact element assembly can preferably be contacted jointly by the mating connector, in particular by inserting the at least one associated mating contact element (optionally together with the common carrier) between the contact elements of the contact element assembly. In a further development of the invention, the contact elements can each be formed in one piece. Alternatively, the contact elements can also be formed in multiple parts, for example, to form more complex contact structures. Individual contact element segments of a multi-part contact element can be connected to one another by positive locking, friction locking, or material locking.Preferably, the contact elements, or at least their components, can be designed as stamped and bent parts. However, contact elements manufactured as turned parts, deep-drawn contact elements, or contact elements manufactured in other ways can also be provided within the scope of the invention.

[0038] Preferably, the contact elements of the contact element pair each have a closed end face.

[0039] Preferably, the contact elements have a material thickness that is at least substantially constant along their longitudinal extent.

[0040] As already mentioned, depending on the application, it may generally be sufficient if only one of the contact elements of a contact element assembly extends into the first interface.

[0041] However, it can also be provided that the first contact element and the second contact element each extend into the first interface or are each accessible for contact with the corresponding mating contact element of the mating connector. Thus, it can preferably be provided that the first contact element in the first interface can be selectively connected either to the second contact element or to a mating contact element of the mating connector. It can therefore be provided that inserting the mating connector into the first interface disconnects the direct connection between the first and second contact elements, while corresponding mating contact elements of the mating connector make contact with the first and / or second contact elements. This results in various possibilities for influencing the signal flow in the network topology.

[0042] For example, the mating connector can be designed to transmit the signals at least substantially unaffected, so that the electrical connection between the first and second contact elements is re-established after the mating connector is inserted (the electrical signal is "passed through"; a tap for an electrical participant in the network topology can, for example, be made electrically in parallel). The electrical connection between the first and second contact elements can be established, for example, by a common mating contact element (i.e., the first and second contact elements contact the common mating contact element and are electrically connected to each other via the mating contact element) or by individual mating contact elements that are connected to each other via an electrical connection (e.g., by electrical conductors, an electrical circuit, conductor tracks, or vias).“Vias” on the circuit board mentioned below, etc.).

[0043] As an alternative to simply forwarding the signal, the mating connector or the electrical device connected to it can also manipulate the electrical signal in a defined way using an electrical circuit, or even replace it entirely with another electrical signal. In this way, an electrical device can, for example, be inserted into an electrical series circuit and / or be used to electrically influence the network topology in a defined manner.

[0044] The mating contact elements can be arranged individually in the mating connector or on or in a common carrier of the mating connector. For example, the carrier can be the electrical circuit board mentioned below. However, the carrier can be any component used to fix one or more mating contact elements together (e.g., an electrically insulating carrier or an electrically insulating plate). The mating contact elements can be arranged on opposite sides of the carrier or on the same sides of the carrier. A mating contact element can also be, for example, an electrically conductive plate, a pin contact, or another contact form. The carrier with the mating contact elements, or at least one of the mating contact elements, can be...For example, they can be inserted between the first and second contact elements to handle or influence signal transmission. Optionally, multiple mating contact elements can be electrically connected directly or indirectly via electrical conductors (e.g., wires, cables, conductive traces, or vias on a printed circuit board), components, or circuits.

[0045] In the manner described above, for example, an electrical device in a network topology can be added to an existing series connection of various electrical devices using simple measures. Furthermore, electrical devices can be easily removed or replaced from an existing series connection without negatively affecting the function of the overall system.

[0046] Alternatively, using the electrical connector, a parallel connection of electrical participants can also be provided if the connection between the first and the second contact element is not broken by inserting the mating connector, but only an additional connection of said contact elements with the at least one mating contact element is established.

[0047] It may be provided that the contact elements have said “first contact area” for contacting with the associated at least one counter-contact element (which may also correspond to the “contact section” for the later or final contact in the plugged-in state), as well as a connection area different from the first contact area for electrical and mechanical contacting between the contact elements of the same contact element assembly.

[0048] Preferably, the connection area is arranged outside the first interface or, during a regular contacting and / or plugging process of the connector with the mating connector, is inaccessible or out of reach of direct influence or contact by the mating connector. In contrast to the initial contact area, the connection area is therefore preferably not directly mechanically contactable by the mating connector (especially by its mating contact elements) during normal operation.

[0049] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that at least one of the contact elements of a contact element assembly is deformable (particularly preferably elastically or reversibly deformable) and / or displaceable (preferably against an elastic restoring force) by a contacting process with the counter-contact element (in particular via the initial contact area), starting from a mechanically unaffected basic state, such that a contacting of the contact elements of the contact element assembly existing before the contacting process (in particular at the connection area) is separated.

[0050] In particular, the contacting process with the mating contact element can be designed to cause movement (preferably only) of a partial section of at least one of the contact elements of the contact element assembly, preferably a pivoting movement, in order to separate the contact between the respective contact elements. This movement can preferably be a rotary movement or a pivoting movement. However, a translational movement or a displacement, or a combination of translation and rotation, can also be provided.

[0051] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the initial contact areas of the contact elements of a contact element assembly for the initial contact with the mating contact element are spaced further away from a central axis of the multi-part connector than connection areas of the contact elements at which said contact elements contact each other in the unplugged state of the mating contact element.

[0052] In this way, it can be advantageously ensured that an enlarged insertion area is provided for inserting the mating contact element or a carrier of the mating contact element (for example, a carrier plate such as an electrical circuit board). Thus, the plugging process can be carried out with comparatively little force, while simultaneously separating the contacts of the contact elements of the contact element assembly.

[0053] As already mentioned, a further development of the invention may provide that the electrical connector has several contact element assemblies. The respective contact elements of the several contact element assemblies, or all electrical contact elements of the electrical connector, may then preferably be jointly accommodated in the contact carrier.

[0054] Preferably, the electrical connector has only the aforementioned electrical contact carrier (i.e., only exactly one contact carrier).

[0055] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that, at least in the inserted state of the mating connector or the mating contact element, at most a single contact section of the contact elements can be contacted by the associated mating contact element in the axial direction.

[0056] Preferably, in the case of multiple contact elements in a contact element assembly, the contact sections are arranged directly opposite each other, and particularly preferably symmetrically. The contact section can be identical to the initial contact area (for the initial contacting) mentioned above, although this is not necessarily the case.

[0057] Because, in the plugged-in state of the mating connector, the mating contact elements only contact the corresponding contact elements at a single contact section, a particularly robust electrical signal transmission can take place, which is especially suitable for the transmission of high-frequency signals, as the risk of passive intermodulation is significantly reduced.

[0058] Within the scope of the invention, a "first contact area" and a "contact section" are understood to be areas or sections of the respective contact element that are in direct contact with the corresponding mating contact element during the respective contacting process. These can, in principle, be contact surfaces, but preferably point or line contacts (especially preferably transverse, and in particular orthogonal, to the insertion direction). The first contact areas and / or the contact sections are preferably formed on side surfaces of the contact elements of the contact element assembly (thus, preferably, no end-face contact of the contact elements by the mating contact element is provided).

[0059] The contact elements of the respective contact element assembly can preferably have at least partially identical longitudinal sections (e.g., identically designed spring tabs). These identical longitudinal sections can be formed in a front, middle, and / or rear section of the contact elements, particularly in areas where the contact elements contact each other; in areas where the contact elements are available for contact with the at least one mating contact element (e.g., at the first interface); and / or in areas where the contact elements are connected to the electrical conductors (e.g., in the connection areas).

[0060] In particular, it may be provided that the identical longitudinal sections of the contact elements form the opposing initial contact areas for the initial contact; and / or contact each other at the connection interfaces.

[0061] Preferably (but not necessarily), the contact elements of at least one contact element assembly can be designed to be completely identical. This preferably allows the use of identical parts in manufacturing, which can reduce manufacturing costs.

[0062] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that, via the respective connection areas, each first contact element can be connected to an associated electrical conductor of a first electrical line and each second contact element can be connected to an associated electrical conductor of a second electrical line that differs from the first electrical line.

[0063] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the contact elements are received in the respective contact receptacles in the contact carrier.

[0064] Preferably, the contact elements are fixed directly or indirectly in the respective contact receptacles, in particular axially and / or laterally or radially.

[0065] The contact surfaces can, in principle, have any design. For example, they can be cavities, slots, grooves, channels, chambers, bores, openings, blind holes, windows, or other recesses or receptacles. Some examples are discussed in more detail below, but are not to be understood as limiting the invention.

[0066] According to a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the contact surfaces have an elongated geometry (e.g. in the form of a slot, a bore or a groove).

[0067] The contacts, especially contacts with an elongated geometry, can run at least essentially along a plugging direction or axial direction or longitudinal extent of the electrical connector.

[0068] The contact surfaces, especially those with an elongated geometry, can be at least essentially straight. However, they can also have curved and / or stepped profiles and do not necessarily have to be straight. An at least essentially straight contact surface can be advantageous for the sake of simple assembly of the contact elements in the insertion direction, against the insertion direction, or in the axial direction / longitudinal extent of the electrical connector. However, assembly of the contact elements in the axial direction or along the longitudinal extent is not absolutely necessary. In the case of more complex contact surface profiles, assembly of the contact elements can also be carried out laterally, as described below.

[0069] According to a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the contact receptacles are designed as elongated channels or bores which extend at least partially through the contact carrier from one end of the contact carrier, so that the contact elements can be mounted in the plugging direction and / or against the plugging direction from said end of the electrical connector.

[0070] In the case of a straight or elongated connector, it is preferably provided that said elongated channels or bores extend from a first end of the connector to a second end of the connector (i.e., completely through the electrical connector in the axial or longitudinal direction). However, this is not necessarily the case with an angled connector, for example, if there is a sufficiently large opening for inserting the contact elements in the area of ​​the bend or in the area where the angled connector folds.

[0071] It is possible for the contact carrier to be designed at least substantially in the form of a sleeve or a hollow cylinder. However, this is not strictly necessary within the scope of the invention. In principle, any geometry of the contact carrier is possible.

[0072] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided, for example, that the contact receptacles are designed as grooves that run along an outer shell of the contact carrier and / or that run along an inner shell of a contact carrier that is at least partially hollow.

[0073] Thus, the contact elements can be advantageously mounted laterally from the outside and / or inside the grooves of the contact carrier with respect to the insertion direction.

[0074] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the contact elements of a contact element assembly can be arranged to engage by frictional locking, preferably solely by frictional locking. In addition to or optionally also as an alternative to frictional locking, the contact elements of a contact element assembly can be arranged to engage by positive locking (for example, in the manner of a snap-fit ​​or clip connection).

[0075] In particular, a material-bonded connection or a crimp connection between the contact elements of a contact element assembly is preferably not provided.

[0076] Preferably, the contact elements of a contact element assembly can be detachably connected without damage as required. Preferably, the contact elements of a contact element assembly connect at least partially laterally or longitudinally. In particular, it can be provided that at least the contact elements of a contact element assembly are arranged side by side or parallel within the contact carrier.

[0077] It may be provided that the connection direction for establishing the connection between the first and second contact elements runs perpendicular to the insertion direction of the connector. For example, the connection direction may be at least approximately orthogonal to the insertion direction. In principle, however, any angle between the connection direction and the insertion direction is possible, for example, an angle of approximately 10°, 20°, 30°, or 45°. It should be noted that the connection direction and the insertion direction can also run parallel to each other. An at least substantially parallel course of the connection direction and the insertion direction may, for example, be provided to ensure a sheath-side or...To enable longitudinal / lateral "sliding" of the contact elements and compatible contact elements during assembly, whereby the contact pressure between the contact elements can preferably be perpendicular to the insertion direction. In particular, sliding of the contact elements against each other in the longitudinal axis direction can be provided.

[0078] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the contact element assembly comprises exclusively the first contact element and the second contact element.

[0079] In particular (but not exclusively), if the contact element assembly consists solely of the first and second contact elements, the first and second contact elements can contact each other against an elastic restoring force. This can occur, in particular, if the first and / or second contact element has a spring tab attached on one or both sides.

[0080] It can also be provided that the first contact element contacts the second contact element externally in a pincer-like manner, or that it grips the second contact element – ​​or vice versa. Preferably, this contacting also occurs against an elastic restoring force, for example, by the pincer-like contact element being spread open from its rest position by the other contact element in the contacted state.

[0081] Furthermore, it can be provided that the first contact element is inserted into a contact receptacle of the second contact element and contacts the second contact element internally within the contact receptacle, or that the first contact element has a contact receptacle which is contacted internally by the second contact element inserted into the contact receptacle. A correspondingly "pin-like" contact element can optionally have a contact spring or several contact springs distributed along its circumference to generate an advantageous contact pressure for contacting within the contact receptacle. Alternatively or additionally, the contact receptacle can have a contact spring or several contact springs distributed internally along its circumference to generate an advantageous contact pressure for contacting (the contact receptacle can, for example, be designed in the form of a spring cage).

[0082] In principle, the first contact element and / or the second contact element can be configured in any way. The preceding examples are therefore to be understood merely as preferred variants and not as limiting to the invention.

[0083] As already mentioned, the contact between the first contact element and the second contact element preferably takes place laterally, i.e., in such a way that the first contact element and the second contact element are in contact with each other on their outer surfaces, for example along their lengths, when in contact.

[0084] In order to create a technically simple contacting option for the contact elements of a contact element assembly (especially in the case of direct contacting between contact elements), it can preferably be provided that suitable contact chambers (e.g. cavities, slots, recesses, openings, windows, channels, etc.) are formed in the contact carrier between all contact surfaces, or at least between the contact surfaces that are assigned to a contact element assembly, in which the contacting between the respective contact elements can take place.

[0085] If the contact receptacles are designed, for example, as bores or other elongated contact receptacles, it may be provided that these are fully or partially slotted in the longitudinal direction on the side facing the other contact element of the contact element assembly, so that the contact elements can each be inserted into the contact receptacle in the longitudinal direction, for example, with a spring tab extending through the slot towards the other contact element. A similar arrangement may be provided in the case of external grooves on the outer surface of the contact carrier, whereby, in this case, for example, targeted transverse bores or other openings may also be formed between the external grooves, through which a section of the contact elements can be passed transversely to the longitudinal extent in order to directly contact the other contact element.In the case of contact surfaces designed as grooves on the inner surface, an intermediate contact chamber suitable for contacting is generally already present. The variants for contact chamber(s) between contact surfaces mentioned here are merely exemplary and not to be understood as limiting to the invention.

[0086] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the contact element assembly may include at least one third contact element. The third contact element may be configured as a contact bridge and electrically and mechanically connect the first and second contact elements, respectively, to indirectly connect them electrically.

[0087] Basically, the third contact element or contact bridge can be any conductive component (e.g. a separate contact plate) or electronic component suitable for establishing contact between the first and second contact elements.

[0088] This contact bridge can, for example, be a clamp-like or comb-like electrically conductive component that can be inserted into the contact carrier from the outside. In principle, a separate contact bridge can be provided for each contact element of a given contact element assembly that is to be connected. Optionally, several contact bridges can be electrically separated from one another and attached to a common electrically insulating carrier element, so that they can be conveniently assembled in a single plug-in operation.

[0089] It can be provided, in particular, that the third contact element or contact bridge can be mounted in the contact carrier independently of the first and second contact elements (and any other contact elements that may be present). The third contact element or contact bridge can, in particular, be a separate component that can preferably be inserted into the contact carrier after the first and second contact elements have been mounted in order to establish the electrical connection between said contact elements.

[0090] Preferably, the mounting direction of the third contact element or contact bridge differs from the mounting direction of the first and second contact elements. In particular, it may be provided that the mounting direction of the third contact element is at least substantially orthogonal or at least perpendicular to the mounting direction of the first and second contact elements. For example, if the first and second contact elements are each inserted axially or longitudinally into the contact carrier, the third contact element or contact bridge may be inserted laterally into the contact carrier – or vice versa.

[0091] However, it can also be provided that the third contact element can be inserted into the contact carrier along the same assembly direction as the first and second contact elements. For example, all contact elements of a contact element assembly can be inserted into the contact carrier together or individually in the axial or longitudinal direction of the connector.

[0092] The third contact element can be configured to grip the first and second contact elements individually or together (in the manner of a clamp or comb), as mentioned above. Alternatively, the third contact element can be arranged between the first and second contact elements, or inserted between them transversely or along the longitudinal axis. It can also be designed to be pluggable into the first and / or second contact elements.

[0093] It should be noted that the third contact element does not necessarily have to be designed as a contact bridge to establish the described electrical contact between the first and second contact elements. For example, it is also possible for the first contact element to directly contact the second contact element, which in turn contacts the third contact element (in this example, the second contact element can thus serve as a contact bridge between the first and third contact elements). Furthermore, it is possible for all three contact elements to directly connect both electrically and mechanically.

[0094] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that at least one associated connection means for electrical and mechanical contact with the respective electrical conductor is arranged in the connection area of ​​the contact elements.

[0095] The connecting element can be designed in particular to create a form-fit and / or material-fit connection with the electrical conductor (a force-fit connection may also be possible).

[0096] Preferably, the at least one contact element in the connection area forms a crimp section for a crimp connection with the associated electrical conductor. The crimp section can, for example, be implemented as a crimp sleeve and / or crimp tab(s). Alternatively, instead of a crimp section, the at least one contact element in the connection area can, for example, be soldered, welded, or otherwise connected to the associated electrical conductor.

[0097] Preferably, a permanent or non-destructively inseparable connection is provided between the at least one contact element and the associated electrical conductor in the connection area. Preferably, the connection means is not a plug-in interface.

[0098] In one embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that the electrical connector has at least a second interface for connection with a further mating connector.

[0099] It may be provided that at least one of the contact elements of at least one contact element assembly (preferably each individual contact element assembly) is accessible for contact with a corresponding mating contact element of a corresponding mating connector at more than one contact point, i.e., for example, at a second contact point (especially in the aforementioned second interface) or at further contact points (especially in further interfaces). Additional (bus) participants in the network topology can be added via the second interface (and any further interfaces, if present), and / or additional electrical lines can be connected to the existing system. In this way, a modular, flexible expansion of the network topology can be enabled.

[0100] The inclusion of at least one second interface allows even complex network structures, such as star-shaped, tree-shaped or mesh network topologies, to be implemented in a flexible and technically simple way.

[0101] Advantageously, any number of interfaces for contacting further mating connectors can be provided within the scope of the invention.

[0102] The second interface may preferably be located on a different side than the first interface (though this is not mandatory). For example, the first and second interfaces may be arranged at opposite ends, particularly opposite axial ends, of the electrical connector.

[0103] Features and benefits mentioned above and below with regard to the first interface can also be applied to the second interface - and vice versa.

[0104] Insofar as multiple interfaces are provided for connection with multiple mating connectors, the interfaces may differ in their design or be functionally and / or geometrically identical, so that the same or different mating connector types can be used to connect an electrical device to the respective interfaces - depending on the requirements of the overall system.

[0105] In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the electrical connector has at least one outer conductor contact element which extends at least along an axial subsection of the contact carrier.

[0106] It can be provided that the at least one outer conductor contact element in said subsection circumferentially encloses all contact elements together. Preferably, the outer conductor contact element is a component that is at least substantially sleeve-shaped.

[0107] The electrical connector can therefore also be a shielded electrical connector. Particularly in the case of a shielded connector, a single contact element assembly may be sufficient. The outer conductor contact element can preferably be designed as a contact plate, preferably as a formed contact plate. This contact plate can optionally be fixed to the outer sides of the contact carrier. Alternatively, instead of a contact plate, the outer conductor contact element can also be designed as a metallic or other conductive coating or as a metallic foil.

[0108] The outer conductor contact element can be a one-piece or monolithic (preferred) or multi-piece component.

[0109] A crimp or compression fitting can be used to connect the outer conductor contact element to, for example, one of the electrical conductors or the electrical cable. This allows for an electrical and mechanical connection to the cable shield of the line, and can also provide strain relief.

[0110] In one embodiment of the invention, a separate outer conductor sleeve can be provided in addition to or as an alternative to the outer conductor contact element (e.g., to increase mechanical stability). The outer conductor sleeve can be mounted starting from an axial end of the electrical connector, for example, from a cable- or conductor-side axial end or from a plug-side axial end. This outer conductor sleeve can extend only over a partial axial section of the connector or completely along its axial extent. In this partial section, the at least one outer conductor sleeve preferably encloses all internal components of the connector. Several outer conductor sleeves distributed along the axial extent of the connector can also be provided. The at least one outer conductor sleeve can be fixed to the contact carrier, for example, by snapping, pressing, or crimping.For example, an outer conductor sleeve can be arranged at least in the connection area for the electrical conductor. In this case, the outer conductor sleeve can be designed in particular as a crimp sleeve (preferably as a cable lug) to establish a mechanical and, if necessary, electrical connection with the electrical conductor and / or the electrical cable.

[0111] The contact carrier and / or the outer conductor contact element may optionally also be the outer housing or part of the outer housing of the electrical connector. However, an additional insulating or electrically conductive outer housing may also be provided, in which the contact carrier is contained. In the case of a shielded connector, the contact carrier may preferably be the insulating element between the outer conductor and the inner conductors.

[0112] The contact carrier can have one or more axial stops for the at least one contact element and / or one or more locking elements for securing the at least one contact element. In particular, it can be provided that the contact elements are secured against loss, at least in the opposite direction of their mounting, especially within the contact carrier. The secure fixing of the contact elements in the contact carrier can be achieved, for example, by means of claw-like areas of the contact element, with which the contact element is able to engage positively in the contact carrier. Alternatively or additionally, the contact element can also be locked in place by means of a retaining clip of the contact carrier. Locking of locking hooks of the contact element in corresponding locking recesses of the contact carrier – or vice versa – can also be provided.

[0113] It should also be mentioned that one or more of the contact points of the contact carrier may be unpopulated.

[0114] In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the contact elements of the electrical connector are mechanically secured by means of a common, separate secondary fuse.

[0115] The common, separate secondary locking mechanism can be designed in particular in the form of a clamp or a comb.

[0116] The separate secondary locking mechanism is preferably an electrically insulating component and, for securing the contact elements, preferably has at least one locking leg each, optionally with a detent projection at preferably a front, free end for locking to the contact carrier. The multiple locking legs preferably form a single component and can be mounted individually or together in the contact carrier, which may have suitable recesses for the locking legs. To fix the contact elements, the locking legs can form a positive fit with the respective contact elements, for example by means of a suitable shaping (e.g., projection and / or recess) in the contact elements for the locking legs.

[0117] It is also possible for the separate secondary fuse and the contact bridge mentioned above to be designed as a single component, which can advantageously be assembled in a single assembly operation. For example, the contact legs of the contact bridge and the fuse legs of the secondary fuse can extend from a common base plate. The contact legs of the contact bridge and the fuse legs of the secondary fuse can also be identical (in which case the fuse legs of the secondary fuse are preferably electrically conductive).

[0118] In one embodiment of the invention, the electrical connector may have a housing reinforcement to support the contact carrier and / or any connector housing on the outside, particularly in the area of ​​the conductor or cable entry. The housing reinforcement may, in particular, be a so-called "wire dress." The housing reinforcement can be advantageously used to support the cable exit and, for example, to provide strain relief. In this context, the electrical conductors or wires supplied to the contact carrier may preferably also be deflected (e.g., by 90°), for example, even multiple times.

[0119] The housing reinforcement can be multi-part and comprise at least two interconnectable (in particular, positively and / or force-fit, preferably snap-fit) housing reinforcement shells. The housing reinforcement shells can be designed as mirror images, hermaphrodites, or identical parts to simplify manufacturing.

[0120] The invention also relates to an electrical connecting element of an electrical network topology, preferably a bus system, comprising a first electrical connector according to the preceding and following embodiments, and at least one electrical conductor of an electrical line connected to the associated contact element of the first electrical connector.

[0121] Optionally, the electrical connecting element may additionally have at least one second electrical connector, in particular a second electrical connector according to the preceding and following descriptions, wherein at least one of the electrical conductors connected to the first electrical connector is connected to the associated contact element of the second electrical connector.

[0122] The proposed connecting elements can be easily and flexibly expanded during assembly, for example in an automotive plant, to accommodate any bus system or other network topology. If required, individual electrical conductors or wires pre-assembled with contact elements can also be used for this purpose; these can be inserted into unpopulated contact receptacles in the connectors of the connecting elements. Similarly, it can also be provided that individual electrical conductors or wires are connected on-site to the contact areas of the electrical connectors, for example by crimping, in order to assemble a chain of connectors or connecting elements as needed. The present invention makes it possible for the connector manufacturer to pre-assemble an electrical connecting element or wire during the manufacturing process.A chain link for a network topology can be provided, with a respective main line section at each end of which corresponding contact elements are pre-assembled, allowing for easy installation into the electrical connector or its contact carrier. The installation space required for connecting the bus participants or for providing connection options for electrical participants of the respective topology can also be significantly reduced compared to conventional T, Y, or F connectors.

[0123] A particular advantage of the invention is that electrical connecting elements or pre-assembled contact elements with different conductor or cable lengths can be provided by the manufacturer, so that the connecting elements with the different conductor or cable lengths can be modularly assembled during assembly to form any network topologies with arbitrarily subdivided main conductor sections with respective plug-in options for optional electrical participants.

[0124] The invention also relates to an electrical network topology, in particular a bus system, comprising at least two interconnected electrical connecting elements according to the preceding and following embodiments and at least two mating electrical connectors connected to one of the respective electrical connectors for connection with at least two electrical participants of the network topology.

[0125] In the context of the preceding invention, a "network topology" refers to the topology or overall system of an electrical network, with a specific arrangement of the respective participants and lines in relation to one another for exchanging data and / or electrical energy or power. The electrical network topology can be, among other things, a ring structure, a mesh structure, a star structure, a fully meshed structure, a series structure, a tree structure, or a bus structure (bus system). The specific design or topology is not essential in this case. Ultimately, what matters is that one or more electrical participants can be interconnected within the electrical network topology according to the invention to form a common network, for which the aforementioned electrical interconnects can be used.Electrical connectors offer an advantageous way to integrate electrical devices into the network topology using technically simple means.

[0126] In one embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the electrical network topology has at least two electrical participants which are connected to a respective mating connector or which each have one of the mating connectors.

[0127] Typically, the electrical network topology can be designed to have more than two electrical devices, for example, three, four, five, ten, or even more. Each of the electrical devices can preferably be connected to the network topology via a corresponding mating connector through the interfaces (first interface, second interface, and / or possibly further interfaces) of the electrical connectors.

[0128] The electrical participant can be any electrical assembly that is connected or connectable to other electrical participants for the exchange of energy and / or data via the network topology.

[0129] The electrical component can be, for example, a control device, a voltage and / or power supply (e.g., a battery or accumulator), a microprocessor, a computer, an electrical circuit, an electrical load (e.g., a light source), an electrical sensor system (e.g., a camera system), or an electrical input device. The invention is not fundamentally limited to any particular type of electrical component.

[0130] In one embodiment of the invention, the mating connector itself may be an electrical connector as described above and below. In this way, for example, a second network topology can be connected to the proposed network topology. The electrical device that can be connected to the electrical connector via, for example, the first interface, can therefore also be an independent network topology.

[0131] According to one embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that at least one mating contact element of the mating connector is arranged on a carrier (e.g. on an insulating carrier plate or an electrical circuit board, in particular by contact pads or contact surfaces or conductor tracks of the circuit board forming the mating contact elements), wherein the carrier (e.g. the electrical circuit board) can be inserted into the first interface of the electrical connector in order to establish an electrical contact between the at least one contact element of the electrical connector and the associated mating contact element.

[0132] The mating contact element of the mating connector can, in principle, be designed in any way. As an alternative to using electrical contacts on a printed circuit board, the mating contact element of the bus participant can, for example, also be pin-shaped, socket-shaped, or flat contact. As mentioned above, the invention is not limited to a specific contact type or connector standard, but can be used for any contact type and connector standard.

[0133] In particular, it may be provided that the at least one mating contact element is arranged in advance on the carrier (especially on the electrical circuit board) such that the first mechanical contact between the carrier or the electrical circuit board and the contact element of the electrical connector simultaneously establishes the electrical contact (i.e. the initial contact) between the at least one mating contact element and the at least one contact element of the electrical connector during the insertion of the carrier or the electrical circuit board into the first interface.

[0134] The advantage of the leading mating contact element can be that the connection of the network topology to the other electrical device can be made relatively interference-free, since the main line section of the network topology is routed to the other main line section of the network topology via the electrical connector or the mating connector, and thus to the electrical device. Alternatively, however, an interruption of the main line can also be provided initially during the insertion of the mating connector; that is, the contact between the mating contact elements and the contact elements of the connector can thus be deliberately delayed during the insertion of the mating connector.In this case, in one embodiment of the invention, it may be provided that the at least one mating contact element is arranged set back from a front end of the carrier (in particular the electrical circuit board) in the direction of insertion, so that during the insertion of the carrier or the electrical circuit board into the first interface, a mechanical contact is first established between the carrier or the electrical circuit board and the contact element of the electrical connector, and only upon further insertion of the carrier or the electrical circuit board is the electrical contact or the initial contact established between the at least one mating contact element and the associated contact element of the electrical connector.

[0135] A temporary interruption of the electrical connection in the main conductor of the overall system while plugging in another electrical device or the mating connector can be advantageous, for example, to signal to a control unit (e.g., a master) of the network topology that a change has occurred in the network regarding the connected devices. This allows for a faster update of the device inventory, as needed, compared to a cyclical, regular update.

[0136] If the mating contact elements are arranged on a circuit board of the mating connector, they can be distributed across both main areas of the circuit board. Thus, opposing mating contact elements on the circuit board can be connected to each other via electrical traces and / or metallic vias to transmit an electrical data or power signal between two main line segments of the network topology across the circuit board of the mating connector when the mating connector is plugged into the first interface.

[0137] The invention also relates to an assembly method for assembling an electrical network topology, in particular a bus system, comprising at least the following method steps: providing a one-piece contact carrier of an electrical connector;

[0138] Providing at least one first electrical contact element and one second electrical contact element of at least one contact element assembly; and

[0139] Mounting the provided contact elements in the contact carrier so that the contact elements of a respective contact element assembly contact each other electrically and mechanically, wherein the first contact element and the second contact element of a respective contact element assembly each have a connection area for connecting at least one respective electrical conductor, and wherein at least one of the contact elements of at least one contact element assembly is accessible for contacting a corresponding mating contact element of the mating connector.

[0140] Optionally, the following process steps may also be included in the above assembly procedure:

[0141] Connecting the electrical contact elements to the respective electrical conductors in the connection area, in particular crimping the electrical contact elements to the electrical conductors; and / or

[0142] Connecting multiple electrical connectors via at least one common electrical conductor or line to form respective linking elements in order to successively build a network topology; and / or

[0143] Connecting one or more electrical participants of the network topology to at least one first interface of one of the electrical connectors using their respective mating connectors.

[0144] Furthermore, the invention relates to an independent electrical connector for connection with an electrical mating connector, in particular a bus connector, comprising a one-piece contact carrier and at least one contact element assembly formed from at least one first electrical contact element and a second electrical contact element, wherein the contact elements of a respective contact element assembly are received at least partially in the contact carrier and contact each other electrically and mechanically, wherein the first contact element and the second contact element of a respective contact element assembly each have a connection area for connecting at least one respective electrical conductor, and wherein at least one of the contact elements of at least one contact element assembly is accessible for contacting a corresponding mating contact element of the mating connector.

[0145] Features described in connection with one of the subject matter of the invention, in particular the electrical connector, the electrical connecting element, the electrical network topology, or the assembly method according to the invention, can also be advantageously implemented for the other subject matter of the invention. Likewise, advantages mentioned in connection with one of the subject matter of the invention can also be understood as relating to the other subject matter of the invention.

[0146] It should also be noted that terms such as "comprehensive," "exhibiting," or "with" do not exclude other characteristics or steps. Furthermore, terms such as "a" or "the," which indicate a singular number of steps or characteristics, do not exclude a plurality of characteristics or steps—and vice versa.

[0147] In a purist embodiment of the invention, however, it may also be provided that the features introduced in the invention with the terms "comprising," "comprising," or "with" are exhaustively listed. Accordingly, one or more lists of features within the scope of the invention may be considered complete, for example, for each claim. The invention may, for instance, consist exclusively of the features mentioned in claim 1.

[0148] It should be noted that designations such as "first" or "second" etc. are primarily used for the purpose of distinguishing between the respective device or process features and are not necessarily intended to indicate that features are mutually dependent or related to each other.

[0149] Furthermore, it should be emphasized that the values ​​and parameters described herein include deviations or fluctuations of ±10% or less, preferably ±5% or less, more preferably ±1% or less, and most preferably ±0.1% or less of the respective named value or parameter, provided that such deviations are not excluded in the practical implementation of the invention. The specification of ranges by initial and final values ​​also includes all those values ​​and fractions that are encompassed by the respective named range, in particular the initial and final values ​​and a respective mean value.

[0150] The invention also relates to an electrical connector independent of claim 1 or an electrical connecting element independent of claim 13, comprising a one-piece contact carrier and at least one first electrical contact element which is received at least partially in the contact carrier, wherein the contact carrier is configured to receive at least one further electrical contact element (e.g. in the contact receptacles mentioned above and below) such that it is able to electrically and mechanically contact the first contact element (e.g. via the third contact element mentioned above and below).the contact bridge or within contact chambers formed between the contact receptacles (for example, as already mentioned above), wherein the first contact element (and preferably also the second contact element) has a connection area for connecting at least one electrical conductor and is accessible for contacting a corresponding mating contact element of the mating connector. In the state of the second contact element being mounted in the contact carrier, the first contact element and the second contact element (optionally together with further contact elements, such as the third contact element mentioned above and below) can form a contact element assembly, in particular as already described above and below – preferably several such contact element assemblies can be provided.The further features of claim 1 and the dependent claims, as well as the features described in the present description, relate to advantageous embodiments and variants of this subject matter.

[0151] Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. The figures show preferred embodiments in which individual features of the present invention are combined with one another. Features of an exemplary embodiment can also be implemented independently of the other features of the same exemplary embodiment and can therefore be readily combined by a person skilled in the art to form further meaningful combinations and sub-combinations with features of other exemplary embodiments.

[0152] In the figures, functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

[0153] They show schematically:

[0154] Figure 1 shows an electrical connector according to a first embodiment, during the assembly of two electrical contact elements, each pre-assembled with a conductor;

[0155] Figure 2 shows two electrical connectors according to the first embodiment of Figure 1, during the assembly of the contact elements to form a connecting link of a network topology;

[0156] Figure 3 shows several connecting elements according to Figure 2 in a state connected to an electrical network topology with an electrical mating connector;

[0157] Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section through an electrical connector according to a second embodiment, with an external lateral mounting option for the contact elements;

[0158] Figure 5 shows a cross-section of the electrical connector according to Figure 4 along section line A-A;

[0159] Figure 6A shows a longitudinal section through the electrical connector according to Figure 5 along section line BB, with an unplugged mating connector;

[0160] Figure 6B shows a longitudinal section through the electrical connector according to Figure 6A with a mating connector inserted;

[0161] Figure 7 shows a longitudinal section through an electrical connector according to a third embodiment, with an inside lateral mounting option for the contact elements;

[0162] Figure 8 shows a cross-section of the electrical connector according to Figure 7 along section line C-C, with contact elements partially mounted in the connector; Figure 9 shows an angled electrical connector according to a fourth embodiment, in an unmounted state of the contact elements;

[0163] Figure 10 shows a longitudinal section through the angled electrical connector according to Figure 9, in an assembled state of the contact elements;

[0164] Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through an electrical connector according to a fifth embodiment, with an additional (plug) interface;

[0165] Figure 12 shows a variant of the electrical connector with a pincer-like contact element in a side view;

[0166] Figure 13 shows the pincer-like contact element according to Figure 12 in a front view;

[0167] Figure 14 shows a variant of the electrical connector with a pin-like contact element and a compatible contact element with a contact receptacle, in a side view;

[0168] Figure 15 shows the pin-like contact element according to Figure 14 in an enlarged detail view;

[0169] Figure 16 shows a shielded electrical connector in a perspective view;

[0170] Figure 17 shows an electrical connector with a third contact element designed as a separate contact bridge for the indirect connection of the first and second contact elements, in a perspective view;

[0171] Figure 18 shows the electrical connector according to Figure 17 in a cross-sectional view to illustrate the contact tap through the contact bridge;

[0172] Figure 19 shows an electrical connector with a separate secondary fuse to secure the contact elements, in a perspective view;

[0173] Figure 20 shows an electrical connector according to a variant of the invention with a multi-part housing reinforcement in the area of ​​the cable exit, during the assembly of the housing reinforcement, in a perspective view;

[0174] Figure 21 shows the electrical connector according to Figure 20 in a mounted state of the housing reinforcement; Figure 22 shows a longitudinal section through an electrical connector in an unplugged state of the mating connector, according to a further embodiment;

[0175] Figure 23 shows the electrical connector according to Figure 22 in a plugged-in state of the mating connector;

[0176] Figure 24 shows a longitudinal section through an electrical connector according to a further embodiment, with a second interface for a second mating connector, in an unplugged state of the mating connector;

[0177] Figure 25 shows the electrical connector according to Figure 24 in a plugged-in state of the mating connectors;

[0178] Figure 26 shows a variant of an electrical connector according to a further embodiment, with the first interface centrally arranged between two connection areas arranged at opposite ends, in an unplugged state of the mating connector;

[0179] Figure 27 shows the electrical connector according to Figure 26 in a plugged-in state of the mating connector;

[0180] Figure 28 shows the process of inserting and locking two contact elements into a one-piece contact carrier;

[0181] Figure 29 shows the contact carrier of Figure 28 after the insertion of the contact elements;

[0182] Figure 30 shows a longitudinal section through another electrical connector in an unplugged state of the mating connector, according to a further embodiment;

[0183] Figure 31 shows the electrical connector according to Figure 30 in a plugged-in state of the mating connector;

[0184] Figure 32 shows an enlarged section of the electrical connector according to Figure 31;

[0185] Figure 33 shows a longitudinal section through another electrical connector in an unmated state of the mating connector, according to a further embodiment; Figure 34 shows the crossed contact elements of the electrical connector according to Figure 33 in a close-up view; and

[0186] Figure 35 shows the electrical connector according to Figure 33 in a plugged-in state of the mating connector.

[0187] Figure 1 shows an electrical connector 1 for connection with an electrical mating connector 2 (see, among others, Figure 3) according to a first embodiment of the invention.

[0188] The electrical connector 1 has a one-piece contact carrier 3, which may optionally also be an electrically insulating outer housing of the connector 1. Furthermore, the electrical connector 1 has at least one contact element assembly 4, each comprising at least one first electrical contact element 5 and one second electrical contact element 6. In the exemplary embodiments, the first contact element 5 and the second contact element 6 are each designed as one-piece stamped and bent parts, which, however, is only to be understood as an example.

[0189] As illustrated by way of example in Figures 1 to 3, the first contact element 5 and the second contact element 6 can preferably be pre-assembled with a respective electrical conductor 7 before being mounted in the contact carrier 3. For connecting the respective electrical conductor 7, said contact elements 5, 6 each have a connection area 8. A connection element designed as a crimp section 9 is provided in the connection area 8. In principle, however, the connection area 8 can be designed arbitrarily, whereby a force-fit and / or material-fit, in particular permanent, connection of the respective contact element 5, 6 with the respective electrical conductor 7 is preferred.

[0190] Within the scope of the invention, it is provided that the contact elements 5, 6 of a respective contact element assembly 4 make electrical and mechanical contact with each other, at least in the assembled state within the contact carrier 3. In this way, electrical data and / or power signals can be transmitted between the electrical conductors 7 involved via the electrical connector 1, and at the same time a connection option for an electrical participant 10 (see Figure 3) of a network topology 11 (e.g., a bus system) is provided by making at least one of the contact elements 5, 6 of at least one contact element assembly 4 (preferably one respective contact element assembly 4) accessible for contact with a corresponding mating contact element 12 of the mating connector 2.

[0191] Advantageously, the invention allows for the modular and flexible insertion of pre-assembled electrical contact elements 5, 6 into corresponding contact carriers 3. For this purpose, the contact elements 5, 6 can first be brought into a contacting position, as indicated in Figures 1 and 2, for example, by a connection or insertion direction V perpendicular to the insertion direction S of the connector 1 and / or a connection direction V parallel to the insertion direction S, so that the contact elements 5, 6 slide laterally over one another. Subsequently, the contact elements 5, 6 can be inserted together into the contact carrier 3 along a mounting direction M (see Figure 2). However, individual mounting of the contact elements in the contact carrier 3 is also possible.

[0192] As already mentioned, the electrical connector 1 can, in particular, provide several contact element assemblies 4. In the case of several contact element assemblies 4, their respective contact elements 5, 6 can advantageously be mounted in the common contact carrier 3. Preferably, exactly two electrical conductors 13 or electrical cables are supplied to the electrical connector 1, each forming main conductor sections of the network topology 11 (e.g., of a bus system, as already mentioned above). Each main conductor section or each electrical conductor 13 can preferably have several of the aforementioned electrical conductors 7, which are connected to corresponding electrical contact elements 5, 6 of the electrical connector 1.In Figure 1, in addition to the electrical conductors 7 already crimped to the illustrated contact elements 5, 6, two further electrical conductors 7, not yet connected to contact elements 5, 6, are indicated purely by way of example. It can be provided, in particular, that all first contact elements 5 of the several contact element assemblies 4 are connected to electrical conductors 7 of a common electrical line 13 (i.e., a common main conductor section, in Figure 1 by way of example the upper line 13) and all second contact elements 6 are connected to electrical conductors 7 of another common electrical line 13 (i.e., to another main conductor section, in Figure 1 by way of example the lower line 13).In this way, all signals of the network topology 11 can pass through the electrical connector 1 and, by contacting the respective first contact elements 5 and the second contact elements 6 (at least in the unplugged state of the mating connector 2), can be “looped through” the electrical connector 1 at least essentially unaffected.

[0193] For contact with the corresponding mating connector 2, the electrical connector 1 can have a first interface 14 into which the contact elements 5, 6 extend for contact with the corresponding mating contact element 12 of the mating connector 2. This first interface 14 can be configured in any way, in particular as a socket or plug. In the exemplary embodiments, the first and second contact elements 5, 6 are each configured for radial and lateral contact, respectively (i.e., for contact perpendicular to the insertion direction S). The first and second contact elements 5, 6 can each provide a planar, linear, or point-like contact option in the first interface 14.

[0194] By electrically connecting the pre-assembled contact elements 5, 6 of the respective contact element assemblies 4 to one another, any network topology 11, in particular a bus system, can ultimately be assembled. By joining the contact elements 5, 6 in the corresponding contact carrier 3, a contact connection for transmitting current and / or data between the respective electrical lines 13 is created, and an additional plug-in option is provided in the first interface 14 for the at least one electrical participant 10 of the network topology 11. Connecting elements 15 can first be created from an electrical connector 1, in which preferably at least one of the contact elements 5, 6 is connected to an electrical line 13, so that the other end of the electrical line 13 can be inserted into another electrical connector 1.However, a connecting element 15 in the sense of the invention can also be formed from two electrical connectors 1 or even more electrical connectors 1, each of which is connected to each other via a common electrical line 13 (see Figure 2), and which can ultimately be combined modularly to form a common network topology 11 (see Figure 3).

[0195] To contact at least one mating contact element 12 of the mating connector 2, it is generally sufficient if only one of the contact elements 5, 6 of a respective contact element assembly 4 extends into the first interface 14, as illustrated by way of example in Figures 12 and 14. In particular, it can be provided that only one of the contact elements 5, 6 of a respective contact element assembly 4 can be contacted by the mating connector 2 in the first interface 14. Alternatively, however, several or both contact elements 5, 6 of the contact element assembly 4 can extend into the first interface 14, as is the case, for example, in the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 3.Opposing initial contact areas A2 of the contact elements 5, 6 of the respective contact element assembly 4 can therefore be contacted in the first interface 14 at least during initial contact by at least one mating contact element 12 of the mating connector 2 – preferably by each mating contact element 12 of the mating connector 2. The contact elements 5, 6 of the contact element assembly 4 are located in a common contact element chamber 14' of the first interface 14, so that they can be contacted jointly by the at least one mating contact element 12.

[0196] Based on a comparison of the first embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 3 with a second embodiment shown in Figures 4 to 6, two particularly advantageous contacting variants for the mating connector 2 and two possible variants for integrating the electrical participant 10 into an existing network topology 11 will now be presented.

[0197] As can be seen from Figures 1 to 3, the contact between the first contact element 5 and the second contact element 6 is unaffected by the insertion process of the mating connector 2, since the contact between the two contact elements 5, 6 takes place outside the first interface 14 (in the exemplary embodiment in a central axial section in the contact carrier 3). The electrical device 10 can therefore be connected electrically in parallel to the existing network topology 11, which is particularly suitable for tapping into a power supply for the electrical device 10.

[0198] In contrast, the contact closure between the first contact element 5 and the second

[0199] In the embodiment shown in Figures 4 to 6, contact element 6 is located within the first interface 14 (see in particular Figure 6A and Figure 6B). Therefore, the electrical signal between the two contact elements 5 and 6 is only passed on directly as long as the mating connector 2 is not plugged into the first interface 14. However, if the mating connector 2 is plugged in (see the indicated plugging process in Figure 6A), the electrical connection is subsequently routed via the electrical device 10 or at least via the mating connector 2. The electrical device 10 can thus be advantageously integrated into an existing series circuit using simple means, which can be particularly useful for data transmission. In this way, the electrical signal can be transmitted from the first contact element 5 via the electrical device 10 or...whose mating connector 2 is looped through unchanged to the second contact element 6, modified by an optional electrical circuit or completely replaced.

[0200] The mating contact elements 12 of the mating connector 2 can, for example, be arranged on the opposing main surfaces 16 of an electrical circuit board 17 (alternatively, any carrier for the mating contact elements 12 can be provided instead of an electrical circuit board 17). The contact surfaces arranged on the opposing main surfaces 16 of the circuit board 17 can, for example, be connected to each other by signal conductors of the electrical circuit board 17 or via vias (for a parallel connection of the electrical device 10) or processed for further signal processing by the electronics of the electrical device 10.

[0201] When inserting the electrical circuit board 17 into the first interface 14, two possibilities for the plugging process can arise:

[0202] On the one hand, it can be provided that a permanent signal transmission between the contact elements 5, 6 is ensured even during the plugging process by arranging the at least one mating contact element 12 in advance on the electrical circuit board 17 in such a way that the first mechanical contact between the electrical circuit board 17 and the contact elements 5, 6 simultaneously establishes the first electrical contact or the initial contact during the insertion of the electrical circuit board 17 into the first interface 14 (this is not the case in the embodiment of Figures 6A and 6B).

[0203] Alternatively, a deliberate interruption of contact during the insertion process can be implemented, as shown in Figures 6A and 6B. In this case, the at least one mating contact element 12 can be arranged set back from a front end of the electrical circuit board 17 in the insertion direction of the mating connector 2, so that during the insertion of the electrical circuit board 17 into the first interface 14, a mechanical contact is first established between the electrical circuit board 17 and the contact elements 5, 6, and only upon further insertion of the electrical circuit board 17 is the electrical contact or initial contact established between the at least one mating contact element 12 and the associated contact element 5, 6.To receive the contact elements 5, 6 in the contact carrier 3 and preferably to fix them, for example for axial and / or lateral locking, the contact carrier 3 has respective contact receptacles 18, 22 for the contact elements 5, 6. These contact receptacles 18, 22 can, in particular, have an elongated geometry and extend at least substantially along the insertion direction S of the electrical connector 1. Three particularly advantageous variants for mounting the contact elements 5, 6 are presented below by comparing the first embodiment (Figures 1 to 3), the second embodiment (Figures 4 to 6), and a third embodiment (Figures 7 and 8).

[0204] In the first embodiment of the electrical connector 1, the contact receptacles are designed as elongated channels 18 that extend at least partially through the contact carrier 3 from one end 19 of the contact carrier 3 (in this embodiment, the rear, cable- or conductor-side end 19). Thus, the contact elements 5, 6 can be mounted in the contact carrier 3 in the insertion direction S, starting from said end 19. An optional axial locking mechanism can be provided, for example, by spring-loaded locking arms 20 of the contact elements 5, 6, which are able to engage behind a corresponding locking projection 21 in the contact carrier 3.

[0205] Alternatively, the contact surfaces of the contact carrier 3 can also be designed as grooves 22 extending along an outer surface 23 of the contact carrier 3 (see second embodiment) and / or along an inner surface 24 of a contact carrier 3 that is at least partially hollow (see third embodiment). In this way, the contact elements 5, 6 can be mounted laterally from the outside and / or inside the grooves 22 of the contact carrier 3 with respect to the insertion direction S. In particular, lateral fixation can be provided, for example, by clipping or snapping the contact elements 5, 6 into the grooves 22. Additionally, axial fixation can also be provided, for example, by inserting a respective collar 25 of the contact elements 5, 6 into a corresponding recess 26 in the contact carrier 3 in a form-fitting manner.

[0206] The invention is fundamentally suitable not only for use with straight connectors 1, but can also be used with angled connectors 1, as illustrated by Figures 9 and 10. It can be provided that the mounting direction M of the contact elements 5, 6, which in this case are preferably also angled, runs in the insertion direction S of the angled connector 1, as shown in Figures 9 and 10 (by making the contact carrier 3 accessible at the rear, angled end section 27). However, a mounting direction M perpendicular to the insertion direction S can also be provided, for example, if the contact receptacles 18, 22 are accessible laterally (not the case in Figures 9 and 10).

[0207] For the sake of completeness, it should also be mentioned that the mating connector 2 itself can also be equipped with the aforementioned and following features of the connector 1. This can be particularly advantageous when significantly more complex network topologies are to be established, such as a mesh or tree structure. To create more complex network topologies, the electrical connector 1 can also be provided with at least one second interface 28 for connection to at least one further mating connector 2'. This is illustrated with reference to Figure 1. The further mating connector 2' has, by way of example, a mating contact element designed as a contact pin 29. The mating connector 2' can, in particular, be a cable connector or a connector of a bus participant.

[0208] By way of example, the contact connection between the contact elements 5, 6 in the embodiment of Figure 1 is formed in the second interface 28, whereby the second interface 28 is designed similarly to, for example, the first interface 14 of the embodiment of Figures 4 to 6. Again purely by way of example, the first interface 14 in the embodiment of Figure 11 is formed without a contact connection, whereby, by way of example, both contact elements 5, 6 of the contact element assembly 4 project into the first interface 14 (as well as into the second interface 28).

[0209] In a similar manner to that shown in Figure 11, further interfaces for connection with additional mating connectors may also be provided.

[0210] Figures 12 to 15 below illustrate various exemplary variants of first contact elements 5 and second contact elements 6 for establishing mutual, preferably force-fit, contact. For clarity, Figures 12 to 15 show the contact elements 5 and 6 individually.

[0211] The embodiments of the invention described above have in common that the first contact element 5 and the second contact element 6 make direct contact with each other against an elastic restoring force. For this purpose, the contact elements 5 and 6 can be individually or jointly designed to be resilient, at least partially, in the mutual connection area. For example, the contact elements 5 and 6 can have spring tabs 30 attached to one or both sides in the connection area (see, inter alia, Figures 1 and 2).

[0212] A first possible alternative for connecting the first contact element 5 with the second contact element 6 is shown in Figures 12 and 13. In this arrangement, the first contact element 5 is designed in a pincer-like shape to grip the second contact element 6, at least partially, on its outer surface. By spreading the pincer-like first contact element 5, a mechanically stable, force-fit contact can be achieved, supported by the elastic restoring force.

[0213] Another, again purely exemplary, contacting option is shown in Figures 14 and 15. Here, the first contact element 5 is designed as a pin to contact the second contact element 6 in a contact receptacle 31. Optionally, the elastic contact springs 32, clearly visible in the enlarged view of Figure 15, can be provided along the outer circumference of the pin-shaped first contact element 5.

[0214] It should be mentioned here that, if necessary, several first contact elements 5 and / or several second contact elements 6 from different contact element assemblies 4 can be electrically connected to each other. For example, two electrical contact elements 5, 6 from different contact element assemblies 4, which can be used together for differential signal transmission (e.g., Data+ on the one hand and Data- on the other), can be connected to each other by means of an additional, optional electrical connection in the contact carrier 3 in order to provide electrical termination for the differential signal transmission.

[0215] To illustrate that the invention is also suitable for use with a shielded electrical connector 1, Figure 15 shows a contact carrier 3 enclosed by an external conductor contact element 33. The external conductor contact element 33 extends laterally around the contact carrier 3 in cross-section and extends axially completely along (or even beyond) the contact carrier 3. The external conductor contact element 33, which is at least substantially sleeve-shaped, can be mounted from the plug-side end, but preferably from the cable- or conductor-side end of the contact carrier 3. Preferably, the external conductor contact element 33 is mounted after the contact elements 5, 6 have been inserted into the contact carrier 3.

[0216] In addition to the use of an outer conductor contact element 33, an outer conductor sleeve 34, for example the crimp sleeve shown in Figure 16, can be applied to the fully assembled connector 1. This provides optimized mechanical fixation to a cable shield and strain relief. The outer conductor sleeve 34 can extend over any length of the connector 1. Multiple outer conductor sleeves 34 can also be provided. The outer conductor sleeve 34 can be mounted on the cable side or on the connector side.

[0217] The previously described contact elements 5 and 6 of a contact element assembly 4 each established direct electrical and mechanical contact with each other in the contact carrier 3. Figures 17 and 18 illustrate another possibility for establishing contact between the first contact element 5 and the second contact element 6. As an alternative to direct contact, indirect contact can also be achieved, for example, by inserting a third contact element 35, designed as a separate contact bridge, into the contact carrier 3. The contacting of the first and second contact elements 5 and 6 by the third contact element 35, or the contact bridge, is well illustrated in the cross-sectional view of Figure 18.

[0218] A so-called secondary locking device 36 is frequently used to secure contact elements 5, 6 in a connector. Such a device can also be provided for use with the contact carrier 3 proposed here. As can be seen from Figure 19, the contact elements 5, 6 of the electrical connector 1 can be mechanically secured by means of a common, separate secondary locking device 36. The separate secondary locking device 36 is preferably an electrically insulating component that has one or more locking arms 37 which can be inserted into one or more corresponding receptacles 38 in the contact carrier 3 to positively lock the respective contact elements 5, 6, 35. At their free ends, the locking arms 37 also each have suitable detent projections for locking into the contact carrier 3.

[0219] It is also possible that the contact bridge or the third contact element 35 described above and the separate secondary fuse 36 are formed by a common component. For example, the contact bridge 35 can be designed to provide a positive locking connection for fixing the contact elements 5 and 6, in addition to the electrical contacting of the contact elements 5 and 6.

[0220] Furthermore, an optional housing reinforcement 39, which can be advantageously used with the proposed electrical connector 1, will be presented with reference to Figures 20 and 21. The housing reinforcement 39 can be used particularly advantageously in the area of ​​the cable exit or cable entry of the connector 1 to support cable routing and strain relief. For this purpose, the electrical conductors 7 or lines 13 supplied to the contact carrier 3 can preferably be deflected (e.g., by 90°), for example, also deflected multiple times (e.g., in an S-shape).

[0221] The housing reinforcement 39 can be formed in multiple parts, as shown, and thus have at least two interconnectable housing reinforcement shells 40. The housing reinforcement shells 40 can be designed as mirror images, hermaphrodites, or identical parts to simplify manufacturing. The illustrated housing reinforcement shells 40 can each be individually snapped to the contact carrier 3 via a mutual snap-fit ​​connection 41 (see Figure 21) and have a mutual locking connection 42 for additional stiffening and securing (see also Figure 21).

[0222] Particularly advantageous contacting variants of the invention will now be presented.

[0223] Figures 22 and 23 show a longitudinal section through an electrical connector 1 according to a further embodiment of the invention. The electrical connector 1 forms a common electrical connection with a mating connector 2 (not shown in detail), which is depicted in an unplugged state in Figure 22 and in a plugged state in Figure 23. The electrical connector 1 has a contact element assembly 4 formed from a first contact element 5 and a second contact element 6. In the embodiment shown, only a single contact element assembly 4 is depicted, which, however, is not to be understood as limiting the invention. In principle, any number of contact element assemblies 4 can be provided. In the embodiment shown in Figures 22 and 23, the contact elements 5 and 6 are identical in construction, which can be advantageous in principle, but is not absolutely necessary.

[0224] The contact elements 5, 6 of at least one contact element assembly 4 each have a primary contact area A2, which is accessible for initial contact with the corresponding mating contact element 12 of the mating connector 2. In the following embodiments, the primary contact area A2 is arranged in the first interface 14 (indicated by dashed lines in Figures 22 and 23) in a common contact element chamber 14' of the electrical connector 1.

[0225] Even when the mating contact element 12 is inserted, in the embodiment shown in Figures 22 and 23 and in the following embodiments, only the first contact area A2 of each contact element 5, 6 of the contact element assembly 4 can be contacted by the mating contact element 12 in the axial direction (that is, the first contact area A2 is also the aforementioned "contact section Ai").

[0226] Furthermore, at least one of the contact elements 5, 6 has a connection area A3, distinct from the initial contact area A2, for the electrical and mechanical contacting of at least one further contact element 5, 5 of the same contact element assembly 4. The connection area A3 is preferably located out of reach of the mating contact element 12 or the mating connector 2. In Figures 22 and 23, the connection area A3 is arranged behind an end stop that limits the insertion area of ​​the mating contact element 12 in the first interface 14, although this is not strictly necessary. The connection area A3 can also be arranged completely outside the first interface 14.

[0227] In the present and subsequent embodiments, it is provided that the contact elements 5, 6 are deformable and / or displaceable by a contacting process with the corresponding counter-contact element 12, starting from a mechanically unaffected basic state (see Figure 22), such that a contacting of the said contact elements 5, 6 of the same contact element assembly 4 existing before the contacting process is separated (see Figure 23).

[0228] The relevant mechanical interaction between the mating connector 2 and the first contact area A2 of the respective contact element 5, 6 can result directly from the mating contact element 12 itself or from a carrier 17 having the mating contact element(s) 12, e.g., from an electrical circuit board on which one or more mating contact elements 12 are formed on the same or on opposite sides. As can be seen from a combined view of Figures 22 and 23, the first interface 14 of the electrical connector 1 forms a large receptacle for the depicted mating contact element 12, which is why the insertion or plugging in of the mating contact element 12 is possible with a comparatively low insertion force.At the same time, the direct contact between the contact elements 5, 6 in the respective connection area A3 can be separated without the connection area A3 having to be directly influenced by the counter-contact element 12.

[0229] In order to indirectly manipulate the connection area A3 by influencing the initial contact area A2, the initial contact area A2 and the connection area A3 are integrally or monolithically connected in the exemplary embodiments. The respective contact elements 5, 6 can, in particular, be designed as stamped and bent parts, as already mentioned above.

[0230] Preferably, a mechanical manipulation of at least one of the contact elements 5, 6 by the contacting process with the mating connector 2 or its mating contact element 12 in the initial contact area A2 causes a movement of at least a partial section of the respective contact element 5, 6, preferably a pivoting and / or translational movement, in order to separate the contacting of the contact elements 5, 6 at the connection area A3.

[0231] In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the electrical signal between the two contact elements 5, 6 of the same contact element assembly 4 is only passed on directly as long as the mating contact element 12 is not inserted into the first interface 14. If, however, the connector is in a plugged-in or connected state, as indicated in Figure 23, the electrical connection is subsequently routed via the electrical participant 10 or at least via the mating electrical connector 2 with the at least one mating electrical contact element 12. An electrical participant 10 can thus be advantageously integrated into an existing series circuit using simple technical means, as previously proposed.

[0232] To form more complex network topologies, the electrical connector 1 can again be provided with at least a second interface 28 for connection to a further mating connector 2'. This variant of the invention will be illustrated by way of example using the embodiment shown in Figures 24 and 25 in combination with the contacting principle of the first interface 14 already explained with reference to Figures 22 and 23. Figure 24 shows the mating connectors 2, 2' in an unplugged state, and Figure 25 shows them plugged in. By plugging the first mating contact element 12 into the first interface 14, a participant 10 of the network topology 11 can be added to an existing series circuit, analogous to what has already been described, and the previously existing direct contact between the contact elements 5, 6 can be broken.The additional, second interface 28 at the opposite end of the electrical connector 1 provides yet another connection option, for example, to connect another electrical device 10 in parallel. However, it can also be provided that the insertion process of the second mating connector 2' or of at least one second mating contact element 12' alternatively or additionally causes a contact separation between the contact elements 5, 6. For example, at least one of the contact elements 5, 6 can be deformed and / or displaced by the contacting process with the second mating contact element 12' via a further (second) initial contact area (not shown) such that the contact is separated at the connection area A3.

[0233] Similar to the examples shown in Figures 24 and 25, additional interfaces for connecting to other mating connectors can also be provided. Figures 24 and 25 are merely intended to illustrate the basic principle.

[0234] Figures 26 and 27 further demonstrate that the first interface 14 does not necessarily have to be located at an axial end of the connector 1, but can also be formed centrally between the two connection areas 8. In this case as well, at least one of the contact elements 5, 6 (in the embodiment shown in Figures 26 and 27, both contact elements 5, 6) can have a primary contact area A2 for initial contact with the mating contact element 12, which is spaced apart from a connection area A3, so that, as can be clearly seen in Figure 27, is again only the mechanical interaction of the contact elements 5, 6 in the primary contact that separates the contacting of the two contact elements 5, 6 in the connection area A3.

[0235] Figures 28 and 29 illustrate a particularly simple assembly technique for the contact elements 5, 6 in the contact carrier 3, as well as another variant of the contact elements 5, 6. In this case, contact receptacles 22' for receiving the contact elements 5, 6 are preferably designed as elongated channels and extend from one end of the contact carrier 3 at least partially through the contact carrier 3. Thus, the contact elements 5, 6 can be mounted, for example, in the insertion direction S or against the insertion direction S, as indicated in Figure 28. For this purpose, a contact carrier 3 that is at least partially hollow can be provided, with a correspondingly accessible contact receptacle 22'. For lateral and / or axial fixation, the contact elements 5, 6 can have locking tabs, a collar 25 (as shown), or other locking elements.In this way, locking behind suitable projections or in locking recesses 26 of the contact point 22' can be made possible.

[0236] In the preceding embodiments, it was proposed to contact the contact elements 5, 6 of the contact element assembly 4 internally, i.e., on their side facing the central axis L of the connector 1, by means of the mating contact element 12. The contact elements 5, 6 were therefore bent outwards or spread apart to effect the separation of the contact at the connection area A3. As an alternative to such internal contact, external contact can also be provided (in particular, a pincer-like gripping), as will be illustrated by way of example with reference to Figures 30 to 32.

[0237] Figure 30 shows the connector in its unplugged state, and Figure 31 shows it in its plugged state. Figure 32 also shows a close-up of the section X highlighted with dashed lines in Figure 31. The mating connector 2 has two mating contact elements 12, between which an insulator element 43 is formed. When the connector 1 and the mating connector 2 are plugged together, the insulator element 43 creates a pivot point D in an axial section between the respective initial contact area A2 and the connection area A3 of the contact elements 5, 6. This pivot point allows the respective contact element 5, 6 to rest against the corresponding mating contact element 12 when contact is made.A contact force acting inwards in the initial contact area A2, i.e., towards the central axis L of the connector 1, thus causes an outwards force at the connection area A3, thereby breaking the electrical contact (see Figures 30 and 31 together). It should be noted here that the pivot point D does not necessarily have to be provided by the insulator element 43 of the mating connector 2. The connector 1 itself, or its contact carrier 3, can also optionally have the pivot point D.

[0238] Figures 33 to 35 illustrate an arrangement of the contact elements 5 and 6 of a contact element assembly 4, in which the kinematic relationships are somewhat more complex than in the previously presented configurations. Figure 33 shows the unconnected state and Figure 35 the connected state of the plug connection. A perspective view of the contact elements 5 and 6 is indicated in Figure 34.

[0239] Figures 33 to 35 are intended to illustrate, by way of example, that many different variations exist for the mechanical connection and force transmission between the contact elements 5, 6, which can be implemented within the scope of the invention. Figures 33 to 35 show, by way of example, a scissor-like kinematic connection, in which the contact elements 5, 6 intersect in the region of their respective pivot points D. In this case, the pivot points D are formed by a support element 44 of the contact carrier 3.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e 1. Electrical connector (1) for connection with an electrical mating connector (2), in particular a bus connector, comprising a one-piece contact carrier (3) and at least one contact element assembly (4) formed from at least one first electrical contact element (5) and a second electrical contact element (6), wherein the contact elements (5, 6, 35) of a respective contact element assembly (4) are at least partially received in the contact carrier (3) and, in an unmated state of the electrical connector (1) and the electrical mating connector (2), make electrical and mechanical contact with each other, wherein at least the first contact element (5) and the second contact element (6) of a respective contact element assembly (4) each have a connection area (8) for connecting a respective electrical conductor (7) of an electrical line (13),and wherein at least in a first interface (14) provided for connection with the electrical mating connector (2) a contact element chamber (14') is formed for at least one of the contact element assemblies (4), wherein in a plugged-in state of the electrical connector (1) and the electrical mating connector (2) at least the first contact element (5) and the second contact element (6) of the contact element assemblies (4) are a) axially spaced apart from the first interface (14) and directly electrically connected to each other; or b) are exclusively indirectly electrically connected to each other in the first interface (14) via the mating connector (2) inserted between them.

2. Electrical connector (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a) opposing first contact areas (A2) of the contact elements (5, 6) of the respective contact element assembly (4) in the first interface (14) are electrically contactable by the mating connector (2) at least at one first contact; or b) per contact element assembly (4) at least one of the associated contact elements (5, 6) is not contactable by the mating connector (2) in the first interface (14).

3. Electrical connector (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least in the plugged-in state of the mating connector (2) in the axial direction, at most one single contact section (Ai) can be contacted for each contact element (5, 6) of the contact element assembly (4).

4. Electrical connector (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the contact elements (5, 6) belonging to the respective contact element assembly (4) are shaped and / or arranged symmetrically with respect to a central axis (L) of the electrical connector (1).

5. Electrical connector (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the contact elements (5, 6) belonging to the respective contact element assembly (4) have at least partially identical longitudinal sections which form the opposing initial contact areas (A2) for the initial contact; and / or which contact each other to form the contact element assembly, wherein the contact elements (5, 6) of at least one of the contact element assemblies (4) are preferably each completely identical.

6. Electrical connector (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each first contact element (5) can be connected via the respective connection areas (8) to an associated electrical conductor (7) of a first electrical line (13) and each second contact element (6) can be connected to an associated electrical conductor (7) of a second electrical line (13) different from the first electrical line (13).

7. Electrical connector (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one of the contact elements (5, 6) or at least one of the contact element assemblies (4) is deformable and / or displaceable by a contacting process with the mating connector (2), in particular with a mating contact element (12), starting from a mechanically unaffected basic state, such that a contacting of the contact elements (5, 6) of the contact element assembly (4) existing before the contacting process is separated.

8. Electrical connector (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the contacting process with the mating connector (2), in particular with the mating contact element (12), is able to effect a movement of only a partial section of at least one of the contact elements (5, 6) of the associated contact element assembly (4), preferably a pivoting movement, in order to disconnect the contacting of the respective contact elements (5, 6).

9. Electrical connector (1) according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the initial contact areas (A2) of the contact elements (5, 6) belonging to the respective contact element assembly (4) are spaced further apart from a central axis (L) of the electrical connector (1) for the initial contact with the mating connector (2) than connection areas (A3) of the contact elements (5, 6) at which said contact elements (5, 6) contact each other in the unplugged state of the mating connector (2).

10. Electrical connector (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by several contact element assemblies (4) whose respective contact elements (5, 6, 35) are jointly received in the contact carrier (3).

11. Electrical connector (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the contact elements (5, 6, 35) are received in respective contact receptacles (18, 22) in the contact carrier (3) and are preferably fixed in the respective contact receptacles (18, 22).

12. Electrical connector (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the contact receptacles (18, 22) have an elongated geometry and extend at least substantially along a plugging direction (S) of the electrical connector (1).

13. Electrical connector (1) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the contact receptacles are designed as elongated channels (18) which extend at least partially through the contact carrier (3) starting from an end (19) of the contact carrier (3), so that the contact elements (5, 6) can be mounted in the plug-in direction (S) and / or against the plug-in direction (S) starting from said end (19) of the electrical connector (1).

14. Electrical connector (1) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the contact receptacles are designed as grooves (22) in which the contact elements (5, 6) can be mounted laterally with respect to the insertion direction (S).

15. Electrical connector (1) according to claim 14, characterized in that the grooves (22) extend along an outer sheath (23) of the contact carrier (3); and / or along an inner sheath (24) of a contact carrier (3) that is at least partially hollow.

16. Electrical connector (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the contact elements (5, 6, 35) are each formed in one piece, preferably as stamped and bent parts.

17. Electrical connector (1) according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the contact elements (5, 6, 35) of the contact element assemblies (4) contact each other forcefully.

18. Electrical connector (1) according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the at least one contact element assembly (4) comprises exclusively the first contact element (5) and the second contact element (6), wherein the first contact element (5) preferably a) contacts the second contact element (6) against an elastic restoring force, and in particular has a spring tab attached on one or both sides; or b) contacts the second contact element (6) externally in a pincer-like manner; or c) is inserted into a contact receptacle (31) of the second contact element (6) and the second contact element (6) contacts internally in the contact receptacle (31); or d) has a contact receptacle (31) which is contacted internally by the second contact element (6) inserted into the contact receptacle (31).

19. Electrical connector (1) according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that at least one connection means for electrical and mechanical contact with the associated electrical conductor (7) is arranged in the connection area (8) of the contact elements (5, 6), preferably for a positive locking and / or material locking connection, particularly preferably a crimp section (9) for a crimp connection with the associated electrical conductor (7).

20. Electrical connecting element (15) of an electrical network topology (11), preferably of a bus system, comprising a first electrical connector (1) according to one of claims 1 to 19, and at least one electrical conductor (7) of an electrical line (13) connected to the associated contact element (5, 6) of the first electrical connector (1).

21. Electrical connecting element (15) according to claim 20, characterized by a second electrical connector (1) according to one of claims 1 to 19, wherein at least one of the electrical conductors (7) connected to the first electrical connector (1) is connected to at least one of the contact elements (5, 6) of the second electrical connector (1).

22. Electrical network topology (11), in particular bus system, comprising at least two interconnected electrical connectors (15) according to claim 20 or 21 and at least two electrical connectors (1) connected to one of the respective electrical connectors (1). Mating connector (2) for connection with at least two electrical participants (10) of the network topology (11).

Images