Point cloud pattern, method for encoding same, and method for decoding same

Abstract

A point cloud pattern according to the present invention comprises: a data region in which a reference dot representing data is inserted; and landmark regions, formed at the respective corners of the data region, in which a reference dot representing a landmark for defining the data region is inserted. Accordingly, the present invention has the advantage in that the data region can be recognized during decoding on the basis of the landmark regions by inserting a point cloud pattern indicating code values into the data region and then inserting landmark regions at the corners of the data region.

Description

Point cloud pattern, its encoding method, and its decoding method

[0001] The present invention relates to a point cloud pattern, an encoding method thereof, and a decoding method thereof, and more specifically, to a point cloud pattern, an encoding method thereof, and a decoding method thereof, which insert a point cloud pattern indicating a code value into a data area and then insert a landmark area at the corner of the data area, thereby enabling the data area to be recognized based on the landmark area during decoding.

[0002] A barcode is a code or system that represents information using a pattern of black and white bars of varying widths. Depending on their width, the black and white bars are converted into one or more binary bits (0 or 1), and their combination represents ASCII characters. However, each barcode has the advantage of being able to express approximately 20 digits of information.

[0003] As mentioned above, the QR code (Quick Response code) was proposed to address the problem of barcodes being limited to representing only about 20 digits of information. A QR code is a two-dimensional code that encodes a variety of information in a rectangular grid pattern, capable of containing significantly more information than conventional barcodes.

[0004] While conventional one-dimensional codes can only store numeric information of about 20 characters, the QR code can store up to 7,089 numeric characters, up to 4,296 ASCII characters, up to 2,953 bytes of 8-bit binary data, and up to 1,817 Chinese characters. It has a fast recognition speed, recognition rate, and restoration rate, and is being used more widely than the previously widely used barcode.

[0005] However, QR codes can contain more information than previous barcodes. These dots can be exploited to embed malware or malicious website addresses into QR codes. Scanning a QR code containing such malicious information with a reader without due suspicion can expose you to malware or redirect you to a malicious website. Therefore, caution is advised when using QR codes not provided by verified sources or companies.

[0006] As prior art documents related to the background technology of the present invention, there are Korean Patent No. 10-2179513 (announced on November 16, 2020) entitled “QR code printing method for output material using an image forming device, and QR code printing system for output material,” and Korean Patent No. 10-1420361 (announced on July 21, 2014) entitled “QR code authentication system and method and computer-readable recording medium recording a program for executing the same.”

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a point cloud pattern, an encoding method thereof, and a decoding method thereof, which enable the data area to be recognized based on the landmark area during decoding by inserting a point cloud pattern indicating a code value into a data area and then inserting a landmark area at the corner of the data area.

[0008]

[0009] The purposes of the invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other purposes and advantages of the invention not mentioned above can be understood through the following description and will be more clearly understood through the embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, it will be readily apparent that the purposes and advantages of the invention can be realized by the means and combinations thereof set forth in the claims.

[0010] A point cloud pattern for achieving this purpose includes a data region in which reference dots representing data are inserted, and a landmark region in which reference dots representing landmarks designating the data region are inserted at each corner of the data region.

[0011] In one embodiment, the point cloud pattern may further include a checksum area located between some of the above landmark areas and having a reference dot inserted therein representing a checksum.

[0012] In one embodiment, the method may further include a fake region located between the remaining portions of the above-described landmark mark regions and having fake dots inserted therein as an auxiliary means for decoding.

[0013] In one embodiment, the data area and the landmark area may have fake dots inserted at grid intersections other than the reference dots representing the data and the landmark.

[0014] In one embodiment, the fake dot may be formed of a dot smaller than the reference dot and may be inserted so as to be confused with the reference dot inserted into the data area.

[0015] In addition, a point cloud pattern encoding method executed in a point cloud pattern encoding device for achieving this purpose may include a step of designating a data area in which a reference dot representing data is inserted, a step of designating a landmark area formed at each corner of the data area and designating the data area, a step of inserting a reference dot to represent data in the data area, and a step of arranging a reference dot to represent a landmark designating the data area in the landmark area.

[0016] In one embodiment, the method may further include the step of arranging a checksum area in which a reference dot representing a checksum is inserted and located in some of the above-mentioned random mark areas.

[0017] In one embodiment, the method may further include the step of placing a fake area located in the remaining part of the above-mentioned landmark mark area and having a fake dot inserted therein as an auxiliary means for decoding.

[0018] In one embodiment, the method may include inserting fake dots into grid intersections other than reference dots representing the data and the landmark in the data area and the landmark area.

[0019] In one embodiment, the fake dot may be formed of a dot smaller than the reference dot and may be inserted so as to be confused with the reference dot inserted into the data area.

[0020] In addition, a point cloud pattern decoding method executed in a point cloud pattern decoding device for achieving this purpose may include a step of extracting a first pattern and a second pattern indicating a landmark through recognition of a reference dot in a point cloud pattern image, a step of extracting a right-angled reference dot that is in contact with a right angle among the first patterns indicating the landmark, and creating a first area using the right-angled reference dot, a step of creating a second area using the right-angled reference dot constituting the first area and one reference dot of the second pattern, and a step of determining the second area as a data area and then dividing it into a grid to extract coordinates of reference dots constituting data in the data area.

[0021] According to the present invention as described above, there is an advantage in that the data area can be recognized based on the landmark area during decoding by inserting a point cloud pattern indicating a code value into the data area and then inserting a landmark area at the corner of the data area.

[0022] FIG. 1 is a drawing for explaining a point cloud pattern according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 is an exemplary diagram for explaining a point cloud pattern according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] FIG. 3 is an exemplary diagram for explaining a checksum area of ​​a point cloud pattern according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram for explaining a coordinate system of a point cloud pattern according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a point cloud pattern encoding method according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a point cloud pattern decoding method according to the present invention.

[0028] FIGS. 7 to 10 are diagrams for explaining a point cloud pattern encoding process according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] The above-described objects, features, and advantages will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, so that those skilled in the art can easily practice the technical ideas of the present invention. In describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of known technologies related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to indicate the same or similar components.

[0030]

[0031] Fig. 1 is a drawing for explaining a point cloud pattern according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is an exemplary drawing for explaining a point cloud pattern according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the point cloud pattern includes a data area (110), a landmark area (120_1, 120_2, 120_3, 120_4), a checksum area (130_1, 130_2, 130_3, 130_4), and a fake area (140_1, 140_2, 140_3, 140_4).

[0033] The data area (110) is an area where coordinates to be recognized are entered. The data area (110) can be implemented as a dot insertion array of a predetermined size. In one embodiment, the dot insertion array can be implemented as a square in the shape of (6 x 6) to (15 x 15). For example, if the dot insertion array is formed as a 10 X 10 square, 100 dots can be inserted.

[0034] A dot insertion array in the data area (110) may display a plurality of regular dots and fake dots.

[0035] The above general dot represents landmarks and data, and the distance to the nearest general dot horizontally or vertically adjacent to a general dot is twice the diameter of the general dot based on the center of the general dot. In other words, the shortest distance based on the boundary of the general dot is equal to the diameter of the general dot.

[0036] Fake dots can be displayed at grid intersections other than the reference dots representing landmarks and data. These fake dots are used as an auxiliary means for decoding security and are implemented as half the size of the reference dots representing data and landmarks.

[0037] After a reference dot is inserted to express data in a portion of the above data area (110), a fake dot may be inserted into some or all of the area where the reference dot is not inserted. At this time, the fake dot may be formed with a dot smaller than the reference dot, and is inserted so as to be confused with the reference dot inserted into the data area.

[0038] The coordinates of a predetermined number of reference dot insertion arrays in the data area (110) can be expressed as (x, y), where the x value increases from left to right and the y value increases from top to bottom. For example, if the dot insertion array is 10 X 10, the coordinate of the upper left can be (0,0), the coordinate of the upper right can be (9,0), the coordinate of the lower left can be (0,9), and the coordinate of the lower right can be (9,9).

[0039] Landmark areas (120_1, 120_2, 120_3, 120_4) are formed at each corner of the data area (110) to designate the data area (110). Landmarks can be expressed and formed in these landmark areas (120_1, 120_2, 120_3, 120_4) through reference dots.

[0040] In one embodiment, a landmark area located at the upper left of the data area among the landmark areas (120_1, 120_2, 120_3, 120_4) may have a reference dot displayed in the shape of an “ㅁ”. That is, a landmark area located at the upper left of the data area among the landmark areas (120_1, 120_2, 120_3, 120_4) may have four reference dots displayed in the shape of an “ㅁ”.

[0041] In another embodiment, a landmark area located at the upper right of the data area among the landmark areas (120_1, 120_2, 120_3, 120_4) may have a reference dot displayed in the shape of an “ㄱ”. That is, a landmark area located at the upper right of the data area among the landmark areas (120_1, 120_2, 120_3, 120_4) has three reference dots displayed in the shape of an “ㄱ”, and fake dots are displayed at grid intersections other than the reference dots representing the landmarks.

[0042] In another embodiment, a landmark area located at the lower left of the data area among the landmark areas (120_1, 120_2, 120_3, 120_4) may have a reference dot displayed in the shape of an “L”. That is, a landmark area located at the lower left of the landmark areas (120_1, 120_2, 120_3, 120_4) has three reference dots displayed in the shape of an “L”, and fake dots are displayed at grid intersections other than the reference dots representing the landmarks.

[0043] In another embodiment, a landmark area located at the lower right of the data area among the landmark areas (120_1, 120_2, 120_3, 120_4) may have a reference dot displayed in the shape of “”. That is, a landmark area located at the lower right of the landmark areas (120_1, 120_2, 120_3, 120_4) has three reference dots displayed in the shape of “”, and fake dots are displayed at grid intersections other than the reference dots representing the landmarks.

[0044] As described above, since the landmark areas (120_1, 120_2, 120_3, 120_4) are formed at each corner of the data area (110), when decoding the point cloud pattern, the data area (110) can be recognized by forming a rectangle based on the landmark areas (120_1, 120_2, 120_3, 120_4).

[0045] The checksum area (130_1, 130_2, 130_3, 130_4) is located in a portion between the landmark areas (120_1, 120_2, 120_3, 120_4), and is an area where a checksum value is expressed to check for errors in the coordinates displayed in the data area (110).

[0046] The fake areas (140_1, 140_2, 140_3, 140_4) are located in the remaining part between the rank mark areas, and fake dots are inserted to prevent exposure of the data area (110).

[0047]

[0048] Fig. 3 is an exemplary diagram for explaining a checksum area of ​​a point cloud pattern according to one embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of Fig. 3 is a diagram for explaining a checksum area when the dot insertion array of the data area is implemented as a square in the form of (7 x 7).

[0049] Referring to FIG. 3, the checksum area (130_1, 130_2, 130_3, 130_4) is located in a portion between the landmark areas (120_1, 120_2, 120_3, 120_4), and is an area where a checksum value for checking whether there is an error in the coordinates displayed in the data area (110) is expressed.

[0050] The range of the checksum area (130_1, 130_2, 130_3, 130_4) uses different checksum areas depending on the size of the data array.

[0051] To distinguish landmarks in the checksum area (130_1, 130_2, 130_3, 130_4), one space around the landmark is not used.

[0052] In one embodiment, the checksum area (130_1, 130_2, 130_3, 130_4) uses 8 spaces (8 bits) attached to the top for vertical and 8 spaces (8 bits) attached to the left for horizontal when the dot insertion array of the data area (110) is (10 x 10) or more.

[0053] In another embodiment, the checksum areas (130_1, 130_2, 130_3, 130_4) use the 4 spaces (4 bits) attached to the top for vertical and the 4 spaces (4 bits) attached to the left for horizontal when the dot insertion array of the data area (110) is (6 x 6) to (9 x 9). That is, as shown in FIG. 3, when the dot insertion array of the data area (110) is (7 x 7), 4 spaces (4 bits) are attached to the top for vertical and to the left for horizontal, so that the checksum areas are formed with 4 spaces (4 bits) each.

[0054] In another embodiment, the checksum area (130_1, 130_2, 130_3, 130_4) uses 2 spaces (2 bits) attached to the top for vertical and 2 spaces (2 bits) attached to the left for horizontal when the dot insertion array of the data area (110) is from (4 x 4) to (5 x 5).

[0055] In another embodiment, the checksum areas (130_1, 130_2, 130_3, 130_4) are not used if the dot insertion array of the data area (110) is from (1 x 1) to (3 x 3).

[0056]

[0057] FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram for explaining a coordinate system of a point cloud pattern according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Referring to FIG. 4, the data area (110) is an area where coordinates to be recognized are entered. The data area (110) can be implemented as a reference dot insertion array of a predetermined size. In one embodiment, the dot insertion array can be implemented as a square in the shape of (6 x 6) to (15 x 15). For example, if the dot insertion array is formed as a square in the shape of 10 X 10, 100 dots can be inserted.

[0059] The coordinates of the predetermined number of reference dot insertion arrays of the above data area (110) can be expressed as (x, y), and the x value increases from left to right and the y value increases from top to bottom. For example, as in Fig. 4, if the dot insertion array is (7 X 7), the coordinate of the upper left may be (0,0), the coordinate of the upper right may be (6,0), the coordinate of the lower left may be (0,6), and the coordinate of the lower right may be (6,6).

[0060]

[0061] FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a point cloud pattern encoding method according to the present invention.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 5, the point cloud pattern encoding device designates a data area into which a reference dot representing data is inserted (step S510).

[0063] In one embodiment of step S510, the point cloud pattern encoding device may insert reference dots into some or all of the dot insertion arrays of a predetermined size in the data area. At this time, the point cloud pattern encoding device may randomly insert reference dots into some areas of the dot insertion arrays of a predetermined size in the data area (110).

[0064] Although not illustrated in FIG. 5, the point cloud pattern encoding device can insert fake dots into the entire area where no reference dots have been inserted after inserting reference dots into a portion of the data area. At this time, the fake dots can be formed of dots smaller than the reference dots and are inserted so as to be confused with the dots inserted into the data area.

[0065] The coordinates of the dot insertion array of a predetermined size in the above data area can be expressed as (x, y), where the x value increases from left to right and the y value increases from top to bottom. For example, if the dot insertion array is 10 X 10, the coordinate of the upper left can be (0,0), the coordinate of the upper right can be (9,0), the coordinate of the lower left can be (0,9), and the coordinate of the lower right can be (9,9).

[0066] A point cloud pattern encoding device is formed at each corner of a data area and designates a landmark area that designates the data area (step S520).

[0067] The point cloud pattern encoding device places dots indicating code values ​​in the data area (step S530).

[0068] The point cloud pattern encoding device places dots that designate the data area in the landmark area (step S530).

[0069] In one embodiment of step S530, the point cloud pattern encoding device may form a dot in the shape of an “ㅁ” in a landmark area located at the upper left of the data area among the landmark areas. That is, the point cloud pattern encoding device may form a landmark area located at the upper left of the data area among the landmark areas with four dots in the shape of an “ㅁ”.

[0070] In another embodiment for step S530, the point cloud pattern encoding device may display a landmark area located at the upper right of the data area among the landmark areas in an “ㄱ” shape. That is, the point cloud pattern encoding device may form a landmark area located at the upper right of the data area among the landmark areas with three dots in an “ㄱ” shape.

[0071] In another embodiment for step S530, the point cloud pattern encoding device may display a landmark area located at the lower left of the data area among the landmark areas in an “L” shape. That is, the point cloud pattern encoding device may form a landmark area located at the lower left of the landmark area with three dots in an “L” shape.

[0072] In another embodiment, the point cloud pattern encoding device may display a landmark area located at the lower right of the data area among the landmark areas in the shape of a “”. That is, the point cloud pattern encoding device may display a landmark area located at the lower right of the landmark area in the shape of a “” with three dots.

[0073] As described above, since landmark areas are formed at each corner of the data area, the data area can be recognized by forming a rectangle based on the landmark area when decoding the point cloud pattern.

[0074]

[0075] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a point cloud pattern decoding method according to the present invention.

[0076] Referring to FIG. 6, the point cloud pattern decoding device extracts first and second patterns indicating landmarks by recognizing reference dots within the point cloud pattern image (step S610). For example, the point cloud pattern decoding device extracts three-point patterns and four-point patterns indicating landmarks.

[0077] The point cloud pattern decoding device extracts a right-angled reference dot that is perpendicular to the first pattern indicating a landmark, and creates a first region using the right-angled reference dot (step S620). For example, the point cloud pattern decoding device extracts a right-angled reference dot that is perpendicular to the first pattern indicating a landmark.

[0078] A point cloud pattern decoding device generates a triangle by connecting three orthogonal reference dots among multiple orthogonal reference dots. At this time, the point cloud pattern decoding device excludes a triangle from the candidates if the landmarks containing each reference dot in the generated triangle do not face each other.

[0079] Additionally, the point cloud pattern decoding device excludes the generated triangle from the candidates if it is not a right triangle.

[0080] In addition, the point cloud pattern decoding device excludes a triangle from being a candidate if one side of the generated triangle, excluding the hypotenuse, is longer than one side of the point cloud pattern. At this time, the length of one side of the point cloud pattern is (n+4) x 2?1 times the diameter of the reference dot when the array of the data area is (n X n).

[0081] The point cloud pattern decoding device determines the largest triangle among the triangles found through the above process as the first area, and stores the three reference dots that make up the first area.

[0082] The point cloud pattern decoding device generates a second area using the orthogonal reference dots constituting the first area and one reference dot of the second pattern (step S630).

[0083] The point cloud pattern decoding device forms a square by adding one of the reference dots of the second pattern to the corner points of the first area. At this time, the point cloud pattern decoding device excludes from the candidates any case where the diagonal length of the square is longer than the diagonal length of the point cloud pattern.

[0084] After that, the point cloud pattern decoding device calculates the distance between the center points of the orthogonal reference points of the 4-point pattern and the 3-point pattern, extracts the 4-point pattern with the largest distance, and then forms a square with the 3-point pattern to generate a second region.

[0085] The point cloud pattern decoding device determines the second area as a data area, divides it into a grid, and extracts the coordinates of the reference dots forming the data in the data area (step S640).

[0086] That is, the point cloud pattern decoding device divides the horizontal and vertical grids into intervals equal to (the number of points on one side of the data area + 3), and extracts the coordinates of the data reference dot using the grid.

[0087]

[0088] FIGS. 7 to 10 are diagrams for explaining a point cloud pattern encoding process according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] Referring to FIGS. 7 to 10, when a point cloud pattern decoding device receives a point cloud pattern image as shown in FIG. 7(a), it finds all dots in the point cloud pattern image as shown in FIG. 7(b) and stores only dots that are larger than 70% of the largest dots.

[0090] The point cloud pattern decoding device extracts three-point patterns and four-point patterns indicating landmarks by recognizing reference dots in the point cloud pattern image, as shown in Fig. 8(c).

[0091] The point cloud pattern decoding device extracts orthogonal reference dots that are perpendicular to each other from a three-point pattern indicating a landmark.

[0092] The point cloud pattern decoding device generates a triangle by connecting three orthogonal reference dots among multiple orthogonal reference dots, as shown in Fig. 8(d). At this time, the point cloud pattern decoding device excludes a triangle from the candidates if the landmarks containing each reference dot among the generated triangles do not face each other, as shown in Fig. 9(e).

[0093] Additionally, the point cloud pattern decoding device excludes the generated triangle from the candidates if it is not a right triangle.

[0094] In addition, the point cloud pattern decoding device excludes a triangle from being a candidate if one side of the generated triangle, excluding the hypotenuse, is longer than one side of the point cloud pattern. At this time, the length of one side of the point cloud pattern is (n+4) x 2?1 times the diameter of the reference dot when the array of the data area is (n X n).

[0095] The point cloud pattern decoding device determines the largest triangle among the triangles found through the above process as the first area, and stores the three reference dots that make up the first area.

[0096] The point cloud pattern decoding device forms a square by adding one of the reference dots of the second pattern to the corner points of the first area. At this time, the point cloud pattern decoding device excludes from the candidates any case where the diagonal length of the square is longer than the diagonal length of the point cloud pattern.

[0097] After that, the point cloud pattern decoding device calculates the distance between the center points of the orthogonal reference points of the 4-point pattern and the 3-point pattern as shown in Fig. 9(f), extracts the 4-point pattern with the largest distance, and then forms a square with the 3-point pattern to generate a second region.

[0098] The point cloud pattern decoding device performs perspective correction based on the four corner points of the second region as shown in Fig. 10(g), and then divides the perspective-corrected image into grids in the horizontal and vertical directions at intervals equal to (the number of points on one side of the data region + 3) as shown in Fig. 10(h), and extracts the coordinates of the reference dot of the data using the grid.

[0099] Below, the process of extracting the coordinates of the reference dot of data based on the algorithm of [Table 1] will be explained.

[0100]

[0101] [Table 1]

[0102]

[0103] I: Original image,

[0104] C: A set of coordinates of the corner pattern,

[0105] T: Transformation matrix (rotation and perspective correction)

[0106] I': Corrected image,

[0107] P1, P2, P3, P4: coordinates of the four vertices,

[0108] G: set of grid intersection coordinates,

[0109] ij: grid index (from 1 to n+2)

[0110] P: coordinates of the point,

[0111]

[0112] More specifically, the point cloud pattern decoding device performs rotation correction and perspective correction as in (a) to (c) of [Table 1], but adjusts the image so that the four-point pattern is located at the upper left.

[0113] When the data area is (nxn), the point cloud pattern decoding device divides the four sides created based on the outer vertex positions of each corner pattern into (n+3) to form a grid, and assigns coordinates to the intersections of the grids.

[0114] The point cloud pattern decoding device initializes the temporary x and y variables to -1 as shown in [Table 1], and loops from 1 to (the number of grids - 2) for each point to check whether the x and y coordinates of the point are entered into the corresponding grid, and if so, stores (the index of the corresponding grid - 1) in x or y.

[0115]

[0116] While the present invention has been described with reference to limited embodiments and drawings, it is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and variations are possible based on these teachings. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be understood solely by the scope of the claims set forth below, and all equivalent or equivalent modifications thereof are deemed to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Data area where the standard dot representing data is inserted; and It is characterized by including a landmark area in which a reference dot representing a landmark designating the data area is inserted at each corner of the data area. Point cloud pattern.

2. In paragraph 1, It is characterized by further including a checksum area in which a reference dot representing a checksum is inserted, located in some of the above-mentioned rank mark areas. Point cloud pattern.

3. In paragraph 1, It is characterized by further including a fake area located in the remaining part between the above-mentioned landmark mark areas and in which a fake dot is inserted as an auxiliary means for decoding. Point cloud pattern.

4. In paragraph 1, The above data area and the above landmark area characterized in that fake dots are inserted at grid intersections other than the reference dots representing the above data and the above landmarks. Point cloud pattern.

5. In either of paragraphs 3 and 4, The above fake dot is It can be formed with a dot smaller than the above reference dot, and is characterized in that it is inserted so as to be confused with the reference dot inserted into the data area. Point cloud pattern.

6. In a point cloud pattern encoding method executed in a point cloud pattern encoding device, A step for specifying a data area into which a reference dot representing data is inserted; A step of designating a landmark area formed at each corner of the data area and designating the data area; A step of inserting a reference dot to represent data in the above data area; and characterized in that it comprises a step of placing a reference dot to represent a landmark that designates the data area in the landmark area. Point cloud pattern encoding method.

7. In paragraph 6, It is characterized by further including a step of arranging a checksum area in which a reference dot representing a checksum is inserted and located in some of the above-mentioned rank mark areas. Point cloud pattern encoding method.

8. In paragraph 6, It is characterized by further including a step of arranging a fake area in which a fake dot is inserted as an auxiliary means for decoding, located in the remaining part of the above-mentioned landmark mark area. Point cloud pattern encoding method.

9. In paragraph 6, A method characterized by comprising the step of inserting fake dots into grid intersections other than reference dots representing the data and the landmark in the data area and the landmark area. Point cloud pattern encoding method.

10. In any one of paragraphs 8 and 9, The above fake dot is It can be formed with a dot smaller than the above reference dot, and is characterized in that it is inserted so as to be confused with the reference dot inserted into the data area. Point cloud pattern encoding method.

11. In a point cloud pattern decoding method executed in a point cloud pattern decoding device, A step of extracting a first pattern and a second pattern indicating a landmark by recognizing a reference dot in a point cloud pattern image; A step of extracting a right-angled reference dot that is in contact with a right angle among the first patterns indicating the landmarks, and creating a first area using the right-angled reference dot; A step of creating a second region using a right-angled reference dot constituting the first region and one reference dot of the second pattern; It is characterized by including a step of determining the second area as a data area and then dividing it into a grid to extract the coordinates of the reference dot forming the data in the data area. Method for decoding point cloud patterns.

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