Data transmission method and device

Abstract

The present application provides a data transmission method and device. The method comprises: when a DMRS sequence in a DMRS symbol is frequency division multiplexed with first data in the DMRS symbol, a first device multiplying the first data by a coefficient β, wherein coefficient [equation]; outputting the DMRS symbol and a data symbol to a second device, wherein the data symbol comprises second data, and the DMRS symbol and the data symbol are located on different time domain resources; and indicating a first EPRE ratio and / or a second EPRE ratio to the second device, wherein the first EPRE ratio is related to β, the second EPRE ratio is related to β, the first EPRE ratio represents the ratio of EPRE of the first data to EPRE of the DMRS sequence, and the second EPRE ratio represents the ratio of EPRE of the second data to EPRE of the DMRS sequence. By means of the implementation, the data transmission efficiency during frequency division multiplexing of the DMRS sequence and a single carrier sequence can be improved.

Description

Data transmission method and device

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411023545.4, filed on July 27, 2024, and entitled "A data transmission method and device", the whole content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to a data transmission method and device. BACKGROUND

[0003] In Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and New Radio (NR) technologies, a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) is used to transmit downlink data, and a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) is used to transmit uplink data. A Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) can be used for channel estimation when demodulating data symbols in the PDSCH / PUSCH. In addition, in NR, data symbols in the PDSCH use an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) waveform, and data symbols in the PUSCH use an OFDM waveform or a Discrete Fourier Transform spreading OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) waveform. When using the OFDM waveform, NR allows a trade-off between spectral efficiency and channel estimation. Specifically, a DMRS symbol can only carry a DMRS sequence and perform power boosting on the DMRS sequence to improve channel estimation performance. The DMRS symbol can also carry data, for example, by frequency division multiplexing (CDM) of the DMRS sequence and the data, to improve spectral efficiency, but at the cost of degrading channel estimation performance (because the DMRS sequence cannot be power boosted or power boosted less at this time). The OFDM waveform faces the problem of high peak to average power ratio (PAPR). For this reason, techniques have been proposed to frequency-division multiplex the DMRS sequence and single-carrier data (for example, obtained by performing a transform domain precoding on the data) to reduce the PAPR. However, this can cause the PAPR of the DMRS symbol to be higher than the PAPR of the data symbol. Therefore, how to improve the data transmission efficiency while ensuring that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol is a problem to be solved at present. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a data transmission method and device to improve the data transmission efficiency when frequency-division multiplexing the DMRS sequence and single-carrier data, and improve user experience.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a data transmission method, the method is used for a first device, comprising:

[0006] when a DMRS sequence in a DMRS symbol is frequency-division multiplexed with first data in the DMRS symbol, multiplying the first data by a coefficient β; the coefficient β is related to a first EPRE ratio and / or a second EPRE ratio; the first EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β, and the second EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β The R represents a preset decibel value.

[0007] outputting, to a second device, the DMRS symbol and a data symbol; the data symbol comprises second data; the DMRS symbol and the data symbol are located in different time domain resources.

[0008] indicating, to the second device, the first EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio; the first EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β, and the second EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β.

[0009] The first EPRE ratio represents a ratio of an EPRE of the first data to an EPRE of the DMRS sequence, and the second EPRE ratio represents a ratio of an EPRE of the second data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

[0010] By the above implementation, when a DMRS sequence is frequency-division multiplexed with first data, the EPRE of the first data can be reduced. Given the total energy of a DMRS symbol (equal to the sum of the energies of all REs), reducing the EPRE of the first data means increasing the EPRE of the DMRS sequence at the same time, which is beneficial to improving the PAPR of the DMRS symbol, so as to realize that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of a data symbol, and is also beneficial to improving the channel estimation performance. In addition, by indicating the receiving end accordingly, the receiving end can coherently demodulate data (for example, the first data) in the DMRS symbol and data (for example, the second data) in the data symbol.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the indicating, to the second device, the first EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio specifically comprises: indicating by an index value and a DMRS configuration type.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio are related to R, G, and D; G represents the number of DMRS code division multiplexing (CDM) groups, and D represents the number of DMRS CDM groups that do not carry data, and D < G.

[0013] In a possible implementation, when the first EPRE ratio or the second EPRE ratio is indicated to the second device, a calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio is indicated to the second device.

[0014] By the above implementation, compared with directly outputting two EPRE ratio values to the second device, only one EPRE ratio value is outputted and the second device obtains the second EPRE ratio value based on a preset or obtained formula, so that the EPRE signaling overhead can be reduced.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio value and the second EPRE ratio value specifically includes:

[0016] The calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio value includes:

[0017] The calculation formula of the second EPRE ratio value includes:

[0018] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β is related to a data coding and modulation scheme MCS.

[0019] By the above implementation, β can be designed according to the MCS. For example, in the case of ensuring that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol, β affects the channel estimation performance and the EPRE of the first data (or the signal-to-noise ratio of the first data at the receiving end). The greater β is, the more beneficial the channel estimation is, but at this time, the EPRE of the first data (or the signal-to-noise ratio of the first data at the receiving end) is lower. Therefore, adjusting / optimizing β can make a better trade-off between the channel estimation performance and the signal-to-noise ratio of the first data, and improve the transmission efficiency of the first data.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β being related to a data coding and modulation scheme MCS specifically includes that the coefficient β is related to a difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β being related to a difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data specifically includes:

[0022] The first data adopts binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulation, the second data adopts quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation, and the difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data is 1; or,

[0023] The first data adopts pi / 2-BPSK modulation, the second data adopts QPSK modulation, and the difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data is 1; or,

[0024] The first data is modulated by QPSK, and the second data is modulated by 16-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), and a modulation order difference between the second data and the first data is 2; or

[0025] The first data is modulated by 16QAM, and the second data is modulated by 64QAM, and a modulation order difference between the second data and the first data is 2.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β is specifically related to a modulation order difference between the second data and the first data, and includes that, in a case where the modulation order difference is fixed, the coefficient β is related to a code rate difference between the second data and the first data or an MCS index difference between the second data and the first data.

[0027] In a possible implementation, when the DMRS sequence is a Zadoff-Chu sequence, the coefficient β is related to a Zadoff-Chu sequence root index.

[0028] Through the above implementation, β design can be adjusted according to the root index. For example, it is ensured that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the indication of the first per-resource unit energy EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio to the second device specifically includes indication by any one or more of the following: downlink control information (DCI), radio resource control (RRC), or medium access control-control element (MAC CE).

[0030] The second aspect is a method corresponding to the first aspect, and the beneficial effects are as described in the first aspect. The present application provides a data transmission method, and the method is used in a second device and includes the following steps:

[0031] obtaining, from a first device, a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbol and a data symbol; wherein a DMRS sequence in the DMRS symbol and first data in the DMRS symbol are frequency division multiplexed; the data symbol includes second data; the DMRS symbol and the data symbol are located in different time domain resources;

[0032] obtaining, from the first device, a first EPRE ratio and / or a second EPRE ratio; the first EPRE ratio is related to a coefficient β, and the second EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β; the coefficient The R represents a preset decibel value;

[0033] demodulating the first data and the second data based on the first EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio.

[0034] wherein the first EPRE ratio represents a ratio of EPRE of the first data to EPRE of the DMRS sequence, and the second EPRE ratio represents a ratio of EPRE of the second data to EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the obtaining, by the first device, of the first EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio specifically comprises obtaining by an index value and a DMRS configuration type.

[0036] In a possible implementation, the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio are related to R, G, and D, wherein G represents a number of DMRS code division multiplexing (CDM) groups, and D represents a number of DMRS CDM groups that do not carry data, and D < G.

[0037] In a possible implementation, when only the first EPRE ratio or the second EPRE ratio is obtained from the first device, a calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio is obtained.

[0038] In a possible implementation, the calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio specifically comprises:

[0039] The calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio comprises:

[0040] The calculation formula of the second EPRE ratio comprises:

[0041] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β is related to a data coding and modulation scheme (MCS).

[0042] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β being related to the data coding and modulation scheme (MCS) specifically comprises that the coefficient β is related to a modulation order difference between the second data and the first data.

[0043] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β being related to the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data specifically comprises:

[0044] The first data adopts binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulation, the second data adopts quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation, and the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data is 1; or,

[0045] The first data adopts pi / 2-BPSK modulation, the second data adopts QPSK modulation, and the difference between the modulation orders of the second data and the first data is 1; or

[0046] The first data adopts QPSK modulation, the second data adopts 16-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), and the difference between the modulation orders of the second data and the first data is 2; or

[0047] The first data adopts 16QAM, the second data adopts 64QAM, and the difference between the modulation orders of the second data and the first data is 2.

[0048] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β is specifically related to the difference between the modulation orders of the second data and the first data, and includes that, when the difference between the modulation orders is fixed, the coefficient β is related to the difference between the code rates of the second data and the first data or the difference between the MCS indexes of the second data and the first data.

[0049] In a possible implementation, when the DMRS sequence adopts a Zadoff-Chu sequence, the coefficient β is related to a Zadoff-Chu sequence root index.

[0050] In a possible implementation, the obtaining, by the first device, of the first EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio specifically includes obtaining through any one or more of the following signaling: downlink control information (DCI), radio resource control (RRC), or medium access control-control element (MAC CE).

[0051] In a third aspect, the present application provides a communication device, including: a processor configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in a memory; and the memory configured to store the computer program or the instructions, and when the computer program or the instructions are executed by the processor, the method in the first aspect or the second aspect is implemented.

[0052] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, and the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions, so that when a computer executes the computer program or the instructions, the method in the first aspect or the second aspect is implemented.

[0053] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, and the computer program product includes a method in the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0054] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a communication system, the system comprising a first device and a second device; the first device is configured to implement the method in the first aspect; and the second device is configured to implement the method in the second aspect.

[0055] On the basis of the implementation provided in the above aspects, the present application can be further combined to provide more implementations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0056] FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a possible architecture of a communication system according to the present application;

[0057] FIGS. 2A to 2C show schematic diagrams of possible implementation scenarios according to the present application;

[0058] FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a typical NR OFDM / DFT-s-OFDM system implementation according to the present application;

[0059] FIG. 4 shows an input / output power curve of a typical solid-state power amplifier according to the present application;

[0060] FIGS. 5A to 5D show schematic diagrams of possible PDSCH DMRS time-frequency resources according to the present application;

[0061] FIGS. 6A to 6B show schematic diagrams of another possible PDSCH DMRS time-frequency resources according to the present application;

[0062] FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of frequency division multiplexing of DMRS and single carrier data according to the present application;

[0063] FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a single-symbol type 1 DMRS time-frequency resource according to the present application;

[0064] FIG. 9 shows a possible DMRS pilot distribution diagram according to the present application;

[0065] FIG. 10 shows a complementary cumulative distribution function distribution diagram of a possible PAPR of a DMRS signal and a PAPR of a single carrier signal according to the present application;

[0066] FIG. 11 shows a possible DMRS pilot distribution diagram according to the present application;

[0067] FIG. 12 shows a complementary cumulative distribution function distribution diagram of a PAPR of a DMRS symbol and a PAPR of a data symbol according to the present application;

[0068] FIG. 13 shows a flowchart of a data transmission method according to the present application;

[0069] FIG. 14 shows a complementary cumulative distribution function distribution diagram of another possible PAPR of a DMRS signal and a PAPR of a single carrier signal according to the present application;

[0070] FIG. 15 shows a PAPR and a complementary cumulative distribution function of a PAPR of a single carrier signal of another possible DMRS signal provided by the present application;

[0071] FIG. 16 shows a flow chart of another possible data transmission method provided by the present application;

[0072] FIG. 17 shows a schematic structure of a possible communication apparatus provided by the present application;

[0073] FIG. 18 shows a schematic structure of another possible communication apparatus provided by the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The specific operation methods, function descriptions and the like in the method embodiments can also be applied to the device embodiments or system embodiments.

[0075] The embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, for example, a long term evolution (LTE) system, an LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, an LTE time division duplex (TDD), a universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), a 5G system or a new radio (NR), or a future communication system or other similar communication system (for example, 6G and the like), or an ultra wide band (UWB) system, or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system.

[0076] Figure 1 shows a possible, non-limiting, schematic illustration of a system. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system 1000 includes a wireless access network 100 and a core network 200, and optionally, the communication system 1000 can also include an Internet 300. The wireless access network 100 can include at least one wireless access network device (e.g., 110a and 110b in Figure 1) and at least one terminal (e.g., 120a-120j in Figure 1). The terminal is connected to the wireless access network device in a wireless manner, and the wireless access network device is connected to the core network in a wireless or wired manner. The core network device and the wireless access network device can be independent and different physical devices, or the functions of the core network device and the logical functions of the wireless access network device can be integrated on the same physical device, or a physical device can integrate the functions of part of the core network device and part of the wireless access network device. The terminals and the terminals, and the wireless access network devices and the wireless access network devices can be connected to each other in a wired or wireless manner. Figure 1 is only a schematic diagram, and the communication system can also include other network devices, such as wireless relay devices and wireless backhaul devices, which are not shown in Figure 1.

[0077] The wireless access network device (or network device) can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next generation NodeB (gNB) in a 5G mobile communication system, a next generation NodeB in a 6th generation (6G) mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system, etc. The wireless access network device can also be an open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN), or a cloud radio access network (CRAN). The wireless access network device can also be a communication system that combines two or more of the above systems. The wireless access network device can be a macro base station (e.g., 110a in Figure 1), a micro base station or an indoor station (e.g., 110b in Figure 1), a relay node or a donor node, etc.

[0078] In addition, the wireless access network device can also be a module or unit that completes the function of the base station part, for example, can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), etc. In different systems, the CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU can also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand its meaning. For example, in the ORAN system, the CU can also be referred to as O-CU (open CU), the DU can also be referred to as O-DU, the CU-CP can also be referred to as O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be referred to as O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be referred to as O-RU. For the convenience of description, the CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU and RU are taken as examples for description in this application. Any one of the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0079] The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the wireless access network device. For the convenience of description, the base station is taken as an example of the wireless access network device in the following description. It can be understood that the base station can be referred to as a communication device. For example, the base station can be understood as a device with the function of the base station. For example, the device for implementing the function of the base station can be the base station; or part of the elements in the base station, for example, CU, DU, etc. It can also be a device capable of supporting the base station to implement the function, for example, a chip system, a hardware circuit, a software module, or a hardware circuit plus a software module, which can be installed in the base station or can be used with the base station. In the embodiments of the present application, the chip system can be composed of a chip, or can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0080] The terminal can also be referred to as a terminal device, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. The terminal can be widely applied to various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle to everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), internet of things (IOT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, automatic driving, remote medical treatment, smart power grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wear, smart transportation, smart city, etc. The terminal can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, wearable device, vehicle, unmanned aerial vehicle, helicopter, airplane, ship, robot, mechanical arm, smart home device, etc.

[0081] Embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the terminal. It can be understood that the terminal can be referred to as a communication apparatus. For example, the terminal can be understood as an apparatus with terminal functions. For example, the apparatus for implementing the functions of the terminal can be a terminal; it can also be an apparatus capable of supporting the terminal to implement the functions, such as a chip system, a hardware circuit, a software module, or a hardware circuit plus a software module, which can be installed in the terminal or can be used in matching with the terminal.

[0082] The base station and the terminal can be fixed in position or movable. The base station and the terminal can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; can also be deployed on water surface; can also be deployed on airplanes, balloons and artificial satellites. Embodiments of the present application do not limit the application scenarios of the base station and the terminal.

[0083] The roles of the base station and the terminal can be relative, for example, the helicopter or unmanned aerial vehicle 120i in FIG. 1 can be configured as a mobile base station, and for those terminals 120j accessing the wireless access network 100 through 120i, the unmanned aerial vehicle 120i is a base station; but for the base station 110a, 120i is a terminal, that is, 110a and 120i communicate through a wireless air interface protocol. Of course, 110a and 120i can also communicate through a base station-to-base station interface protocol, at this time, relative to 110a, 120i is also a base station. Therefore, the base station and the terminal can be collectively referred to as a communication apparatus, 110a and 110b in FIG. 1 can be referred to as a communication apparatus with base station functions, and 120a-120j in FIG. 1 can be referred to as a communication apparatus with terminal functions.

[0084] The base station and the terminal, the base station and the base station, the terminal and the terminal can communicate through a licensed spectrum, or through an unlicensed spectrum, or through both the licensed spectrum and the unlicensed spectrum; can communicate through a spectrum below 6 gigahertz (GHz), or through a spectrum above 6 GHz, or through both the spectrum below 6 GHz and the spectrum above 6 GHz. Embodiments of the present application do not limit the spectrum resources used for wireless communication.

[0085] In the absence of special description in the present application, the first device and the second device are described as the execution subject.

[0086] The first device can be understood as a terminal, or a device with terminal function, or a device implementing terminal function. For example, the first device is a terminal, or the first device can be a module (such as a chip or a circuit, etc.) in the terminal. Alternatively, the first device can be understood as a base station, or a device with base station function, or a device implementing base station function. For example, the first device is a base station, or the first device can be a module (such as a chip or a circuit, etc.) in the base station, or a module or unit (such as CU, DU or RU) implementing all or part of the base station function, a logic module or software, etc. Alternatively, the first device can be understood as a device or apparatus with sensing capability, or a device or apparatus capable of performing artificial intelligence tasks. The device with sensing capability can also be referred to as a sensing device, and the device capable of performing artificial intelligence tasks can also be referred to as an artificial intelligence task performing device.

[0087] The second device can be understood as a terminal, or a device with terminal function, or a device implementing terminal function. For example, the second device is a terminal, or the second device can be a module (such as a chip or a circuit, etc.) in the terminal. Alternatively, the second device can be understood as a base station, or a device with base station function, or a device implementing base station function. For example, the second device is a base station, or the second device can be a module (such as a chip or a circuit, etc.) in the base station, or a module or unit (such as CU, DU or RU) implementing all or part of the base station function, a logic module or software, etc. Alternatively, the second device can be understood as a device or apparatus with sensing capability, or a device or apparatus capable of performing artificial intelligence tasks. The device with sensing capability can also be referred to as a sensing device, and the device capable of performing artificial intelligence tasks can also be referred to as an artificial intelligence task performing device.

[0088] Further, the first device can be a sending end or a receiving end, and correspondingly, the second device can be a receiving end or a sending end. For ease of description, the first device is taken as the sending end and the second device is taken as the receiving end in the following description.

[0089] In addition, the "first device" can be replaced by "first apparatus", or "first communication device", and the "second device" can be replaced by "second apparatus", or "second communication device".

[0090] In some possible implementation scenarios, the "first device" can be a "terminal", and the "second device" can be a "base station". Alternatively, the "first device" can be a "base station", and the "second device" can be a "terminal". For example, in FIG. 2A, one or more terminals can communicate with a base station respectively. An interface between the terminal and the base station is a Uu interface.

[0091] In some possible implementation scenarios, the "first device" can be a "first terminal", and the "second device" can be a "second terminal". For example, in FIG. 2B, terminal 1 can communicate with terminal 3, and terminal 2 can communicate with terminal 3. An interface between terminal 3 and terminal 1 can be a sidelink, and an interface between terminal 3 and terminal 2 can also be a sidelink. In addition, terminal 3 can send data of terminal 1, data of terminal 2, and data of terminal 3 to a base station. In this case, terminal 3 can also be understood as a relay terminal. An interface between terminal 3 and the base station is a Uu interface.

[0092] In some possible implementation scenarios, the "first device" can be a "first base station", and the "second device" can be a "second base station". For example, in FIG. 2C, base station 1 and base station 2 can communicate. An interface between base station 1 and base station 2 can be an X2 interface.

[0093] In this application, "sending" and "receiving" represent the direction of signal transmission. For example, "sending information to XX" can be understood as that the destination of the information is XX, and "sending information" can include direct sending or indirect sending through other units or modules. "Receiving information from YY" can be understood as that the source of the information is YY, and "receiving information" can include direct receiving from YY or indirect receiving from YY through other units or modules. In addition, "sending" can also be understood as "output" of a chip interface, and "receiving" can also be understood as "input" of the chip interface. In other words, "sending" or "receiving" can be performed between devices, for example, between a base station and a terminal through an air interface, or can be performed within a device, for example, between components, between modules, between chips, between software modules or between hardware modules in the device through a bus, a wire or an interface.

[0094] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the terminology used in this application is briefly explained below. It is understood that the following explanation of the terminology is merely to facilitate understanding of the solution by those skilled in the art and does not constitute a limitation on the solutions in the embodiments of this application.

[0095] 1. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM):

[0096] Figure 3 shows a typical block diagram of an NR OFDM system. Here, the signal {S(p)} is a frequency domain signal. As shown in Figure 3, the serial-to-parallel (S / P) conversion module converts M consecutive data points S(kM), S(kM+1), ..., S(kM+M-1) into an M-dimensional data block Sk = [S(kM), S(kM+1), ..., S(kM+M-1)]. T The subscript k is the OFDM symbol number, while the superscript T indicates transpose; through subcarrier mapping, S k The M data carried modulate N subcarriers. sc N subcarriers, of which N sc =M, the rest (NN) sc The N subcarriers can be understood as being modulated by data 0. The N-dimensional data vector X k A set of N complex time-domain sampling points x is obtained through N-point IDFT. k =[x k (0),x k (1),…,x k (N-1)] T .

[0097] Where, x k (n), n = 0, 1, ..., N-1 can be written as:

[0098] Among them, X k (n′), n′=0,1,…,N-1 represents the output of the subcarrier mapping module, e represents the Euler constant, j represents the imaginary unit, j 2 = -1. The subcarrier mapping rules are as follows:

[0099] Where n0 is an integer, S k (l) is S k The l-th element, l = 0, 1, ..., N sc -1.

[0100] The next important operation to generate an OFDM signal is to insert a guard interval at the beginning of each OFDM symbol, which can eliminate the inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by multipath propagation (a propagation phenomenon where a radio signal reaches the receiver by two or more paths). The guard interval is obtained by adding a Cyclic Prefix (CP) at the beginning of the symbol. Specifically, the last G samples of x k are copied and attached at the beginning of x k , resulting in a time-domain OFDM signal Thus, an OFDM symbol contains valid data x k and a cyclic prefix (redundant data).

[0101] At the receiver, the OFDM signal is demodulated by inverse processing. Assuming that time and frequency synchronization is available and the CP length is sufficient, the CP removal operation (i.e., removing the first G samples of the received signal) results in a data block of N samples without any ISI, which is also equal to the cyclic convolution of the OFDM symbol x k and the channel impulse response. The time-domain cyclic convolution can be converted to a frequency-domain point multiplication by DFT, and then the channel equalization can be completed by a frequency-domain single-tap equalizer with low complexity.

[0102] S k may include modulation symbols and / or redundant signal sampling points. The modulation symbols can be modulation symbols obtained by modulating a (coded) bit stream. The modulation methods can include pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), phase shift keying (PSK), quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), amplitude phase shift keying (APSK), etc.

[0103] The redundant signal sampling points can include phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) sampling points, demodulation reference signals, tone reservation signals, etc.

[0104] It can be understood that when the transform point number N satisfies certain constraints, such as N being a power of 2, 3, 5, the IDFT can also be implemented by an efficient inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT). Correspondingly, the DFT can also be implemented by an efficient FFT. In the following, IDFT and IFFT can be interchangeable, and DFT and fast fourier transform (FFT) can be interchangeable.

[0105] N sc It can be understood that the number of subcarriers in the transmission bandwidth. In the foregoing, N sc =M. It should be understood that N sc may also be greater than M. For example, the remaining (N sc -M) subcarriers carry redundant signals to achieve other purposes, such as reducing the signal PAPR.

[0106] 2. Discrete Fourier Transform spreading OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM):

[0107] As shown in FIG. 3, DFT-s-OFDM defines a data block s k transmitted in the time domain. Before the OFDM processing process, there is an additional DFT (discrete fourier transform) processing, that is, an M-point DFT operation is performed on each data block s k containing M data, to obtain S k . Through this operation, the DFT-s-OFDM signal has the characteristics of a single carrier, and has a peak to average power ratio (PAPR) much lower than that of a multi-carrier signal such as OFDM. Therefore, under the same power amplifier, DFT-s-OFDM can provide greater output power and higher power amplifier efficiency, thereby achieving the purpose of improving coverage and reducing energy consumption. The coverage and power consumption advantages of DFT-s-OFDM are particularly evident on the terminal device side, so in the existing versions of LTE and NR, DFT-s-OFDM is applied to uplink transmission.

[0108] wherein s k may include modulation symbols and / or redundant signal sampling points. The modulation symbols can be modulation symbols obtained by modulating a (coded) bit stream. The modulation method can include PAM, PSK, QAM, offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OQAM), APSK, etc. The redundant signal sampling points can include PTRS sampling points, unique words, zeros, etc.

[0109] 3. and QPSK and QAM:

[0110] NR protocol 38.211 section 5.1 defines bit mapping schemes including QSPK and QAM. QSPK can also be referred to as 4QAM. Take a QPSK modulation mapper as an example, which maps the ith bit b(i) to the ith symbol d(i) according to the following formula:

[0111] Take a QPSK modulation mapper as an example, which maps two consecutive bits to a QPSK symbol, and the mapping is as follows:

[0112] where b(2i) and b(2i+1) represent the 2i and 2i+1 bits respectively, and d(i) represents the ith QPSK symbol. Take a 16QAM modulation mapper as an example, which maps four consecutive bits to a 16QAM symbol, and the mapping is as follows:

[0113] where b(4i), b(4i+1), b(4i+2) and b(4i+3) represent the 4i, 4i+1, 4i+2 and 4i+3 bits respectively, and d(i) represents the ith 16QAM symbol.

[0114] It can be understood that in future communication systems, bit mapping schemes such as QSPK and QAM can have other implementation forms, and the above examples are only illustrative and do not limit the scheme in the present application.

[0115] 4. Power amplifier output power backoff:

[0116] ​​Before a signal is transmitted through an antenna, it will go through a power amplifier (PA) to boost the signal power. One of the most basic ways to describe the behavior of a PA is its AM-AM (Amplitude Modulation-Amplitude Modulation) and AM-PM (Amplitude Modulation-Phase Modulation) characteristics. An AM-AM curve of a typical solid state PA is shown in Figure 4, which describes the output power as a function of the input power. It can be seen that the amplifier has a linear operating region. Within this region, the output power of the amplifier increases linearly with the input power. It can also be understood that the PA gain (i.e. the ratio of the PA output power and the input power) remains constant or the AM-AM curve slope remains constant. As the input power continues to increase, the amplifier enters a nonlinear region, the output power no longer increases linearly with the input power, the gain is compressed, and the AM-AM curve slope decreases. When the saturation output power is reached, i.e. the output power no longer increases with the input power, the slope is 0.

[0117] The impact of this nonlinear characteristic of the PA on the transmitted signal is manifested as in-band distortion and out-of-band distortion. The in-band distortion mainly manifests as distortion in amplitude and phase of the signal, which deteriorates the signal demodulation / detection performance. The out-of-band distortion mainly manifests as signal spectrum spreading / regeneration, which increases the interference to the adjacent channel users. In order to mitigate the impact of PA nonlinearity, the input signal power can be appropriately reduced, i.e. input backoff (IBO) or output backoff (OBO), so that the PA works as much as possible in the linear region, but this is a method at the expense of reducing the PA efficiency.

[0118] 5. Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR):

[0119] Peak to Average Power Ratio, literally means the ratio of peak power to average power. For a signal x(t), the peak power of the signal within a certain time interval (such as t0 to t1) is and the average power is PAPR can be expressed as:

[0120] Among them, the communication signal (including OFDM, DFT-s-OFDM signal) is a random signal, the mean power of which can be regarded as a fixed value, and the peak power is indeed a random variable. Therefore, the PAPR is also a random variable. In statistics, the value of a random signal at a certain time is often described by the probability density function. In the communication industry, engineers often use the complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) curve to describe the PAPR: the probability of the instantaneous power exceeding the mean power xx dB is yy, or the proportion of time when the instantaneous power exceeds the mean power xx dB is yy, which can be expressed by the formula:

[0121] Where P(·) represents the probability. In the PAPR graph in the following text, the horizontal axis corresponds to xx, and the vertical axis corresponds to yy.

[0122] The higher the PAPR of the PA input signal x(t) is, the greater the fluctuation range of the input power is, and the more power value needs to be backed off to ensure that the signal is in the linear amplification range. Therefore, designing a signal with low PAPR can reduce the PA OBO, improve the transmission power, and improve the coverage.

[0123] 6. Antenna port (Port):

[0124] The antenna port is a logical concept. One antenna port can correspond to one physical transmitting antenna, or it can correspond to multiple physical transmitting antennas. In these two cases, the receiver of the terminal will not decompose the signal from the same antenna port. Because from the perspective of the terminal, whether the channel is formed by a single physical transmitting antenna or combined by multiple physical transmitting antennas, the reference signal (RS) corresponding to this antenna port defines this antenna port, for example, the DMRS port corresponding to the DMRS. The terminal can obtain the channel estimation of the corresponding antenna port according to the reference signal. Each antenna port corresponds to a time / frequency resource grid and has its own reference signal. An antenna port is a channel, and the terminal performs channel estimation and data demodulation according to the reference signal corresponding to the antenna port.

[0125] An antenna port is usually associated with a reference signal, which can be understood as a transceiving interface on the channel experienced by the reference signal. For low frequency systems, one antenna port can correspond to one or more antenna elements, which jointly transmit the reference signal, and the receiving end can regard them as a whole without distinguishing the elements. For high frequency systems, an antenna port can correspond to a beam, and similarly, the receiving end only needs to regard the beam as an interface without distinguishing each element.

[0126] In the embodiments of the present application, the antenna port can also be referred to as a port, and the set corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports can be referred to as a port group. For example, a plurality of digital ports of a base station are grouped to form a plurality of port groups. For another example, a port group can be a plurality of digital ports corresponding to a same analog beam, which is referred to as a port group or a digital-analog port group; or a port group can be a set of digital ports corresponding to a plurality of analog beams, which is referred to as a port group or a digital-analog port group. Alternatively, a plurality of digital ports of a same analog beam are divided into a plurality of subsets, and each subset is referred to as a port group or a digital-analog port group.

[0127] 7. Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS):

[0128] The MCS defines the number of information bits that a resource element (RE) can carry. There are 0-31 MCS schemes in NR in total, and some numbers are reserved. The modulation scheme and code rate in the MCS are defined as follows.

[0129] Modulation scheme: 5G NR supports optional modulation schemes including pi / 2-BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, etc. Using pi / 2-BPSK, each RE can transmit 1 bit, corresponding to a modulation order of 1; using QPSK, each RE can transmit 2 bits, corresponding to a modulation order of 2; using 16QAM, each RE can transmit 4 bits, corresponding to a modulation order of 4; using 64QAM, each RE can transmit 6 bits, corresponding to a modulation order of 6;

[0130] Code rate: the ratio between the number of information bits and the number of coded bits. The lower the code rate, the more redundancy added in the coding process.

[0131] 3GPP specification 38.214 provides two tables for the device to select for PUSCH using DFT-s-OFDM waveform, corresponding to Table 1-Table 2.

[0132] As shown in Table 1-Table 2, the corresponding relationship between MCS index, MCS modulation order, target code rate and spectral efficiency is as follows (wherein, for Table 1, if the high layer parameter tp-pi2BPSK is configured, q = 1, otherwise q = 2; for Table 2, if the high layer parameter tp-pi2BPSK is configured, q = 1, otherwise q = 2):

[0133] Table 1

[0134] Table 2

[0135] 8. Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence:

[0136] ZC sequence X q (m) can be expressed as:

[0137] Wherein, m is the serial number of ZC sequence element, m is an integer and 0≤m≤M zc -1, M zc is the length of the ZC sequence, j is the imaginary unit, q is the root of the ZC sequence, q and N zc are coprime. In 5G NR, N zc is the largest prime number less than M zc .

[0138] The ZC sequence determined by q can also be referred to as the q zc th ZC root sequence with a length of M th .

[0139] 9. Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS):

[0140] In a wireless communication system, a reference signal (RS), also called pilot signal, is a predefined signal transmitted by a transmitting device on predefined resources to a receiving device. The receiving device can obtain channel related information according to the received reference signal, complete channel estimation or channel measurement. The channel measurement result can be used for resource scheduling and link adaptation, and the channel estimation result can be used for the receiving device to demodulate data. Generally, in order to accurately obtain channel related information, different reference signals need to be orthogonal. Time division, frequency division or code division can be used to provide multiple orthogonal reference signals. In current communication systems (such as LTE and NR), uplink reference signals include uplink demodulation reference signals (DMRS) and uplink sounding reference signals (SRS), and downlink reference signals include cell-specific reference signals (CRS), downlink DMRS, channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), multimedia broadcast multicast service single frequency network reference signals (MBSFN RS) and positioning reference signals (PRS).

[0141] Wherein, information is sent from the sending end, and is received at the receiving end after passing through the transmission channel. Due to the changes (noise, fading, etc.) of the information in the transmission channel, the received information may be different from the sent information. In order to accurately restore the correct information, it is necessary to understand which changes the information has undergone in the transmission process, so a reference signal (RS) is introduced. The sending end and the receiving end agree on a known signal (RS) in advance, and the RS is transmitted together with the information to be sent in the transmission channel. After receiving the signal (RS'), the receiving end can understand the changes of the information in the transmission channel by comparing the difference between RS and RS', estimate the channel characteristics, and obtain the channel characteristics H. According to the channel characteristics H, the received information can be restored to the correct sent information.

[0142] Wherein, the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) is used for channel estimation during demodulation.

[0143] In LTE, NR and even future wireless communications, DMRS can be used for channel estimation when demodulating data in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) / physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). Among them, PDSCH is used to transmit downlink data, and PUSCH is used to transmit uplink data.

[0144] For convenience of description, the following takes DMRS symbols in PDSCH as an example for description. Among them, the DMRS symbol carries a DMRS sequence.

[0145] The time-frequency resources of the DMRS symbol are as follows:

[0146] Time domain resource: According to the number of DMRS occupied symbols, it is divided into single-symbol DMRS and double-symbol DMRS.

[0147] Frequency domain resource: According to the different maximum number of antenna ports (port) supported, the DMRS configuration mode can be divided into the following two categories:

[0148] DMRS configuration type 1 (or type 1, DMRS configuration type 1): It is comb-shaped in the frequency domain and is divided into two code division multiplexing (CDM) groups (CDM group), and code division multiplexing is used between ports in the group.

[0149] Type1 single-symbol DMRS: Maximum support of 4 antenna ports, divided into {1000, 1001} and {1002, 1003} two CDM groups, as shown in FIG. 5A.

[0150] Tpye1 double-symbol DMRS: Maximum support of 8 antenna ports, divided into {1000, 1001, 1004, 1005} and {1002, 1003, 1006, 1007} two CDM groups, as shown in FIG. 5B.

[0151] As shown in FIGS. 5A-5B, in Type 1, in the time direction, one slot contains 14 symbols, corresponding to indexes 0-13, under normal CP. In the frequency direction, one resource block (RB) contains 12 subcarriers, corresponding to indexes 0-11. One resource element (RE) corresponds to one symbol in the time direction and one subcarrier in the frequency direction. One antenna port has 6 REs in one RB for transmitting pilots. It can be understood that the "pilot" here can be "DMRS". In the time-frequency resource grid corresponding to one symbol and one RB, the first CDM group occupies even-indexed subcarriers, i.e., subcarrier indexes 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. The second CDM group occupies odd-indexed subcarriers, i.e., subcarrier indexes 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11.

[0152] DMRS configuration type 2 (or type 2 DMRS configuration): divided into three CDM groups, and code division multiplexing is used between ports in the group. Compared with Type 1, Type 2 reduces the frequency domain density of DMRS. At this time, one antenna port has 4 REs in one RB for transmitting pilots.

[0153] Similarly, in Type 2, it is also divided into single-symbol and double-symbol DMRS.

[0154] Type 2 single-symbol DMRS: a maximum of 6 antenna ports are supported, divided into {1000, 1001}, {1002, 1003}, and {1004, 1005} three CDM groups, as shown in FIG. 5C.

[0155] Type 2 double-symbol DMRS: a maximum of 12 antenna ports are supported, divided into {1000, 1001, 1006, 1007}, {1002, 1003, 1008, 1009}, and {1004, 1005, 1010, 1011} three CDM groups, as shown in FIG. 5D.

[0156] As shown in FIGS. 5C-5D, in Type 2, in the time direction, one slot contains 14 symbols under normal CP, corresponding to indexes 0-13. In the frequency direction, one resource block (RB) contains 12 subcarriers, corresponding to indexes 0-11. One resource element (RE) corresponds to one symbol in the time direction and one subcarrier in the frequency direction. One antenna port has 4 REs in one RB for transmitting pilots. It should be understood that the term "pilot" can be replaced by "DMRS"; in the time-frequency resource grid corresponding to one symbol and one RB, the first CDM group occupies subcarriers with indexes 0, 1, 6, 7, the second CDM group occupies subcarriers with indexes 2, 3, 8, 9, and the third CDM group occupies subcarriers with indexes 4, 5, 10, 11.

[0157] It can be understood that in the NR system, DMRS signals can be divided into front-loaded DMRS and additional DMRS according to position. The front-loaded DMRS must exist, and the additional DMRS can not be configured. The additional DMRS is generally used in a high-speed mobile scenario to improve the estimation accuracy of a time-varying channel by inserting more DMRS symbols in the PDSCH. A maximum of 3 additional DMRS can be configured in one PDSCH.

[0158] The DMRS time-domain structure of mapping type A (or type A): the first DMRS symbol is located in symbol #2 or symbol #3 in the slot. Mapping type A is mainly used in scenarios in which data transmission occupies most of the symbols in the slot.

[0159] The DMRS time-domain structure of mapping type B (or type B): the first DMRS symbol is fixedly mapped in the first OFDM symbol of the PDSCH. Mapping type B is mainly used in scenarios in which the PDSCH occupies only a small part of the symbols in one slot to reduce transmission delay.

[0160] As can be seen from the above description of the DMRS, for a single CDM group or a single port carrying a DMRS symbol, whether it is Type 1 or Type 2, the DMRS symbol only occupies part of the subcarriers in one RB, for example, for type 1, port 1000 only occupies subcarriers 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10. Obviously, for those subcarriers in the RB that are not mapped into DMRS, whether they can be used for other purposes is the focus of the discussion.

[0161] Therefore, for the above scenario, the number of DMRS groups without data is defined in NR to describe whether the remaining subcarriers of one RB (which do not carry DMRS sequences) carry data or are empty, i.e., so that the DMRS symbol can include a DMRS sequence (or called pilot) and a data part, as shown in Table 3.

[0162] Table 3

[0163] As shown in Table 3, when the number of DMRS groups without data is 1, if DMRS adopts Type 1, one port occupies 6 subcarriers in one RB, and the remaining 6 subcarriers carry data, as shown in FIG. 6A; if Type 2 is adopted, one port occupies 4 subcarriers in one RB, and the remaining 8 subcarriers carry data.

[0164] When the number of DMRS groups without data is 2, if DMRS adopts Type 1, one port occupies 6 subcarriers in one RB, and the remaining 6 subcarriers are empty, as shown in FIG. 6B; if DMRS adopts Type 2, one port occupies 4 subcarriers in one RB, 4 subcarriers carry data, and 4 subcarriers are empty.

[0165] When the number of DMRS groups without data is 3, if Type 1 is adopted, the scheme is not feasible; if DMRS adopts Type 2, one port occupies 4 subcarriers in one RB, and the remaining 8 subcarriers are empty.

[0166] According to the above, if the subcarriers are empty, the power allocated to the empty subcarriers can be superimposed on the DMRS sequence. For example, for type 1, port 1000 occupies subcarriers 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, i.e., these subcarriers carry DMRS sequences, and the number of DMRS groups without data = 2, then the power superimposition mode is that the DMRS sequence power is increased by 1 times (or 3 dB), which is beneficial to improve the channel estimation performance and improve the data symbol demodulation performance.

[0167] In NR, the concept of DMRS energy per resource element (EPRE) and PDSCH / PUSCH EPRE is also defined, and the ratio of PDSCH / PUSCH EPRE to DMRS EPRE is given, which is related to the "number of DMRS CDM groups without data", as shown in Table 4.

[0168] Table 4

[0169] For example, considering the case shown in Figure 6A, the DMRS EPRE is the same as the PDSCH EPRE, so the EPRE ratio is 1, i.e. 0 dB. For another example, considering the case shown in Figure 6B, the DMRS EPRE is twice the PDSCH EPRE, so the EPRE ratio is 0.5, i.e. -3 dB.

[0170] In addition, in NR, PUSCH supports two waveforms: OFDM waveform and DFT-s-OFDM waveform. PDSCH only supports OFDM waveform.

[0171] Meanwhile, in NR, for type 1 "number of DMRS CDM groups without data" = 1; or, for type 2 "number of DMRS CDM groups without data" ≤ 2:

[0172] For DMRS in PUSCH, the number of symbols that can be occupied is less than or equal to 2 and the waveform adopts OFDM; for DMRS in PDSCH, the number of symbols that can be occupied is equal to 2 and adopts Type B mapping method.

[0173] However, OFDM waveform faces the problem of high PAPR. For this reason, the prior art proposes a way of frequency division multiplexing (FDM) of DMRS sequence and single carrier data (i.e. subcarriers carrying DFT results of QPSK / QAM symbol sequence, etc.), as shown in FIG. 7. After DFT spreading, the data obtains a DFT-s-OFDM signal, and then is frequency division multiplexed (FDM) with DMRS, and finally is sent after fast Fourier transform (IFFT). And / or, the DMRS sequence is replaced by other low PAPR sequence, such as Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence. This scheme has lower PAPR than the NR scheme (i.e. DMRS sequence is directly frequency division multiplexed with QPSK / QAM data, and the data is not processed by DFT). For PDSCH, in future communication systems, it may also support low PAPR DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and support FDM of DMRS sequence and single carrier data.

[0174] For further understanding, refer to FIG. 8. FIG. 8 shows a single-symbol type 1 DMRS design, in which the pilot (i.e. DMRS sequence part) and data are frequency division multiplexed in the DMRS symbol, and the pilot interval is 2. As shown in FIG. 8, the subcarriers corresponding to even indexes in one RB are used to carry the pilot, and the remaining subcarriers are used to carry data symbols. That is, the pilot is uniformly inserted in the frequency domain resource with a density of 1 / 2, that is, every (Δ-1) subcarriers have a pilot, and the data is placed in the middle of the pilot. It can be understood that uniformly placing the pilot is beneficial to obtain better channel estimation performance. It can be understood that a more general implementation form is that the pilot is uniformly inserted in the frequency domain resource with a density of 1 / Δ, that is, every (Δ-1) subcarriers have a pilot.

[0175] FIG. 9 shows FDM of Δ=3 and Δ=4. As shown in FIG. 9, the pilot subcarriers are uniformly distributed on the frequency domain subcarriers, which include pilot subcarriers and data subcarriers. It can be understood that the pilot can also be placed in the form of pilot blocks under the condition of satisfying the density of 1 / Δ. Each pilot block contains pilots. The distance between the two adjacent pilot blocks is For example, type 2 DMRS, as can be seen in combination with FIG. 5D, the DMRS density is 1 / 3, and for a single port, it contains 2 pilot blocks in one RB. Each pilot block contains 2 pilots. The distance between the two pilot blocks is 6. For example, DMRS port 1000 occupies subcarriers 0, 1, 6, and 7 of one RB. Subcarriers 0 and 1 constitute pilot block 1, and subcarriers 6 and 7 constitute pilot block 2.

[0176] Assume the subcarrier index in the transmission bandwidth starts from 0, the subcarrier index corresponding to the 0th pilot subcarrier is denoted as δ, where δ is an integer in the set It can be understood that in the scheme shown in FIGS. 8-9, δ = 0.

[0177] However, when the DMRS sequence and the single carrier data are FDM, the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is deteriorated, i.e., the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is worse than that of the DMRS symbol without carrying data. Considering that Δ = 2 and the transmission bandwidth is 270 RBs, and the IDFT(N) size is 4096. The DMRS sequence is generated based on a ZC sequence, and the specific generation manner is referred to section 5.2.2.1 in the protocol TS 38.211. FIG. 10 shows the PAPR of the DMRS symbol (DFT result of the frequency division multiplexing of the ZC sequence and the QPSK symbol sequence) and the PAPR of the QPSK DFT-s-OFDM symbol when the ZC root index is 1 and 2. It can be seen that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is related to the ZC root index, and when the root index is 2, the PAPR performance of the DMRS symbol is worse than that of the data symbol (i.e., the PAPR value is higher), which violates the design requirement that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than that of the data symbol.

[0178] It can be understood that the data carried by the DMRS symbol in the present application can be referred to as “frequency-division data”, and the data carried by the data symbol can be referred to as “non-frequency-division data”. The DMRS symbol includes a DMRS sequence part for channel estimation and a data part.

[0179] It can be seen that inserting data in the DMRS symbol (for example, the subcarriers not mapped with the DMRS sequence in the DMRS symbol carry data) has the advantage of improving the spectral efficiency, however, the disadvantage is that it will cause the PAPR of the DMRS symbol to rise, so as to violate the relevant requirement that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not greater than that of the data symbol. On the other hand, it will deteriorate the channel estimation performance, because the DMRS sequence can no longer be boosted in power or the power boosting value is smaller.

[0180] Therefore, the following solutions are proposed in the prior art:

[0181] Solution 1: Limit the modulation order of the data (i.e., frequency-division data) in the DMRS symbol to be less than or equal to the modulation order of the data (non-frequency-division data) in the data symbol.

[0182] For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the data (Data1) in the DMRS symbol is modulated by QPSK, and the data (Data2) in the data symbol is modulated by 16QAM, wherein the DMRS sequence is generated based on a ZC sequence.

[0183] Scheme 2: On the basis of Scheme 1, an energy offset is applied. The reason for this is feasible because the data in the DMRS symbol (or the frequency division data) requires a lower demodulation signal to noise ratio (SNR). For example, the demodulation SNR required for QPSK data is 3 dB, while the demodulation SNR for 16QAM is 6 dB. Assuming that the noise power level is 1, in order to make the SNR 3 dB, the EPRE of the QPSK data is 2. In order to make the SNR 6 dB, the EPRE of the 16QAM data is 4. From the system point of view, the required working SNR is determined by the highest SNR, i.e., the demodulation SNR of the 16QAM data. Thus, if the data in the DMRS symbol (or the frequency division data) and the data in the data symbol have the same EPRE, the demodulation SNR for the data in the DMRS symbol (or the frequency division data) is excessive. Thus, in the case of ensuring the total energy (i.e., the sum of the energies of all REs in the DMRS), the EPRE of the data in the DMRS symbol (or the frequency division data) can be reduced while the EPRE of the DMRS sequence is increased, which will bring two benefits: reducing the PAPR of the DMRS symbol, and improving the performance of channel estimation.

[0184] Figure 12 shows the effect of reducing the modulation order and / or the EPRE of the frequency division data to reduce the PAPR of the DMRS. Δ = 2, the transmission bandwidth is 270 RB, and the IDFT size is 4096, and the ZC root index is 2. Among them:

[0185] The legend "QPSK DFT-s-OFDM" represents the PAPR of the QPSK DFT-s-OFDM symbol;

[0186] The legend "FDM, QPSK" represents the PAPR of the DMRS symbol when the frequency division data adopts QPSK modulation;

[0187] The legend "FDM, π / 2-BPSK" represents the PAPR of the DMRS symbol when the frequency division data adopts π / 2-BPSK modulation;

[0188] The legend "FDM, π / 2-BPSK, 3dB reduce" represents the PAPR of the DMRS symbol when the frequency division data adopts π / 2-BPSK modulation and the EPRE of the frequency division data is reduced by 3 dB;

[0189] The legend "FDM, π / 2-BPSK, 6dB reduce" represents the PAPR of the DMRS symbol when the frequency division data adopts π / 2-BPSK modulation and the EPRE of the frequency division data is reduced by 6 dB.

[0190] From the CCDF 0.01, PAPR reduction can be achieved by reducing the modulation order and / or EPRE of the data (or frequency-divided data) in the DMRS symbol. However, only "FDM, π / 2-BPSK, 6dB reduce" can make the PAPR of the DMRS symbol not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol.

[0191] It can be seen that, in the case of FDM of the DMRS sequence and the data, adjusting and / or reducing the EPRE of the frequency-divided data can reduce the PAPR of the DMRS symbol.

[0192] However, there is currently no solution to how to adjust the EPRE of the frequency-divided data. At the same time, because the EPRE of the DMRS sequence also changes, how to enable the receiving end device to coherently demodulate the received frequency-divided data and non-frequency-divided data is also a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0193] Therefore, the present application provides a data transmission method and device to improve the data transmission efficiency when the DMRS sequence is frequency-division multiplexed with single-carrier data, and to make the PAPR of the DMRS symbol not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol, thereby improving the user experience.

[0194] In a first aspect, the present application provides a data transmission method, which is used for a first device, as shown in FIG. 13, comprising:

[0195] S1301: When the DMRS sequence in the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbol is frequency-division multiplexed with the first data in the DMRS symbol, multiplying the first data by a coefficient β; wherein the coefficient β is greater than 1. R represents a preset decibel value;

[0196] It can be understood that "multiplying the first data by the coefficient β" can also be understood as changing the first data to β times, changing the first data to β times of the original, expanding the first data to β times of the original, expanding the first data to β-1 times, or other equivalent descriptions.

[0197] S1302: outputting the DMRS symbol and the data symbol to a second device; wherein the data symbol comprises second data; the DMRS symbol and the data symbol are located in different time domain resources;

[0198] It can be understood that the first data and the second data can be data on a PDSCH or data on a PUSCH; for example, when the first device performs downlink communication to the second device, the first data and the second data can be data on a PDSCH, for example, the first device is a base station and the second device is a terminal, and the first device transmits information to the second device through a PDSCH; when the first device performs uplink communication to the second device, the first data and the second data can be data on a PUSCH, for example, the first device is a terminal and the second device is a base station, and the first device transmits information to the second device through a PUSCH.

[0199] The first data represents frequency-division data, and the second data represents non-frequency-division data. The frequency-division data refers to data in a DMRS symbol, which is FDM (frequency division multiplexing) with a DMRS sequence. The non-frequency-division data refers to data in a data symbol.

[0200] For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, a DMRS symbol includes a symbol with an index of 2 and 12 REs on subcarriers with indexes of 0-11, wherein a DMRS sequence is mapped to the REs on the symbol with an index of 2 and subcarriers with indexes of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10, and data in the DMRS symbol is mapped to the REs on the symbol with an index of 2 and subcarriers with indexes of 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11. Obviously, the data in the DMRS symbol is FDM with the DMRS sequence. The data in the data symbol is mapped to the REs with symbol indexes of 0-1 and 3-13 and subcarrier indexes of 0-11.

[0201] For example, the DMRS sequence can adopt a Zadoff-Chu sequence, and / or the first data can be obtained by performing DFT on the data.

[0202] It can be understood that the DMRS sequence can also adopt other low-PAPR sequences, and the first data can also be obtained in other manners. The above examples are only illustrative and do not limit the solution in the present application.

[0203] It can be understood that the preset decibel value represented by R can be any value. It can be seen that the EPRE of the first data can be controlled by adjusting the value of R. For example, assuming that the preset decibel value is R=2, that is, the EPRE of the frequency-division data is reduced by 2 dB, the EPRE of the frequency-division data can be reduced to dB; or, assuming the preset decibel value R=3, even if the frequency-division data EPRE is reduced by 3dB, the frequency-division data EPRE can be reduced to half of the original. Thus, under the condition that the total energy of the DMRS symbol is constant, the EPRE of the frequency-division data is reduced while the EPRE of the DMRS sequence is increased, thereby reducing the PAPR of the DMRS symbol and improving the performance of channel estimation.

[0204] Meanwhile, due to the reduction of the frequency-division data EPRE and the increase of the DMRS sequence EPRE, the content in the above Table 4 is no longer applicable. The EPREratio (expressed in dB) for the scenario of frequency-division multiplexing of the DMRS sequence and the single-carrier data is shown in Table 5.

[0205] Table 5

[0206] In Table 5, NA represents not available, i.e., there is no such thing.

[0207] The ellipsis in Table 5 indicates that there can be more CMD group numbers and lower DMRS frequency density designs.

[0208] The column “FDMed” in Table 5 represents the ratio of the EPRE of the frequency-division data (or data in the DMRS symbol) to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence; and “Non-FDMed” represents the ratio of the EPRE of the non-frequency-division data (or data in the data symbol) to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

[0209] It can be understood that the DMRS configuration type type 1 (CDM group number is 2) in the NR protocol corresponds to the case of DMRS frequency density of 1 / 2, and the DMRS configuration type type 2 (CDM group number is 3) in the NR protocol corresponds to the case of DMRS frequency density of 1 / 3. Thus, “DMRS frequency density 1 / 2” can also be replaced by “DMRS configuration type 1”, and “DMRS frequency density 1 / 3” can also be replaced by “DMRS configuration type 2”, i.e., the same as described in Table 4. Obviously, according to the above description, “DMRS frequency density 1 / 4” can also be replaced by “DMRS configuration type 3”.

[0210] Exemplarily, the DMRS frequency density of 1 / 4 or the DMRS configuration type (configuration type) of type 3 specifically includes:

[0211] The CDM group 1 occupies the subcarriers 0, 1, 2, 12, 13, 14 within two RBs, and the 6 subcarriers are used to place two pilot blocks, each of which occupies 3 subcarriers. The pilot block 1 occupies the subcarriers 0, 1, 2, and the pilot block 2 occupies the subcarriers 12, 13, 14;

[0212] The CDM group 2 occupies subcarriers 3, 4, 5, 15, 16, 17 within two RBs, and the 6 subcarriers are used to place two pilot blocks, each of which occupies 3 subcarriers. Pilot block 1 occupies subcarriers 3, 4, 5, and pilot block 2 occupies subcarriers 15, 16, 17;

[0213] The CDM group 3 occupies subcarriers 6, 7, 8, 18, 19, 20 within two RBs, and the 6 subcarriers are used to place two pilot blocks, each of which occupies 3 subcarriers. Pilot block 1 occupies subcarriers 6, 7, 8, and pilot block 2 occupies subcarriers 18, 19, 20;

[0214] The CDM group 4 occupies subcarriers 9, 10, 11, 21, 22, 23 within two RBs, and the 6 subcarriers are used to place two pilot blocks, each of which occupies 3 subcarriers. Pilot block 1 occupies subcarriers 9, 10, 11, and pilot block 2 occupies subcarriers 21, 22, 23.

[0215] It can be understood that the above implementation is only an exemplary description, and does not constitute the only limitation on the technical solutions in the present application. The actual DMRS frequency domain density form can also have other implementation forms, which are not described here.

[0216] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β is related to a data coding and modulation scheme MCS.

[0217] Further, the coefficient β being related to the data coding and modulation scheme MCS specifically includes that the coefficient β is related to a modulation order difference between the second data and the first data.

[0218] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β being related to the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data specifically includes that:

[0219] The first data adopts binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulation, the second data adopts quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation, and the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data is 1; or,

[0220] The first data adopts pi / 2-BPSK modulation, the second data adopts QPSK modulation, and the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data is 1; or,

[0221] The first data adopts QPSK modulation, the second data adopts 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data is 2; or,

[0222] The first data adopts 16QAM, and the second data adopts 64QAM, and the difference between the modulation orders of the second data and the first data is 2.

[0223] Further, the coefficient β is related to the difference between the modulation orders of the second data and the first data, and specifically includes that, in the case where the difference between the modulation orders is fixed, the coefficient β is related to the difference between the code rates of the second data and the first data or the difference between the MCS indexes of the second data and the first data.

[0224] For example, R monotonically increases with the increase of the difference between the modulation orders of the frequency-division data and the non-frequency-division data, where the coefficient For example, in the scheme 1, the frequency-division data adopts π / 2-BPSK modulation (the modulation order is 1), and the non-frequency-division data adopts QPSK modulation (the modulation order is 2); in the scheme 2, the frequency-division data adopts QPSK modulation (the modulation order is 2), and the non-frequency-division data adopts 16QAM (the modulation order is 4). Thus, the difference between the modulation orders in the scheme 1 is 1, and the difference between the modulation orders in the scheme 2 is 2. The value of R in the scheme 1 can be greater than the value of R in the scheme 2. This is because the value of the PAPR of the 16QAM DFT-s-OFDM symbol (the PAPR corresponds to the legend “16QAM, DFT-s-OFDM” in FIG. 14) in the scheme 2 is higher than the value of the PAPR of the QPSK DFT-s-OFDM symbol (the PAPR corresponds to the legend “QPSK, DFT-s-OFDM” in FIG. 14) in the scheme 1. Under the constraint that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol, the PAPR of the DMRS symbol in the scheme 2 can be higher than the PAPR of the DMRS symbol in the scheme 1. Therefore, the value of R in the scheme 2 can be less than the value of R in the scheme 1.

[0225] In combination with FIG. 14, from the perspective of the CCDF taking 0.01, the scheme 1 needs R = 6 to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol, while the scheme 2 can ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when R = 3. Wherein:

[0226] The legend “QPSK DFT-s-OFDM” represents the PAPR of the QPSK DFT-s-OFDM symbol;

[0227] The legend “16QAM, DFT-s-OFDM” represents the PAPR of the 16QAM DFT-s-OFDM symbol in the data symbol;

[0228] The legend “FDM, π / 2-BPSK, R = 3” represents the PAPR of the DMRS symbol when the frequency-division data adopts π / 2-BPSK modulation and R = 3;

[0229] The legend "FDM, π / 2-BPSK, R=6" represents the PAPR of the DMRS symbol when the frequency-divided data is modulated by π / 2-BPSK and R=6;

[0230] The legend "FDM, QPSK, R=3" represents the PAPR of the DMRS symbol when the frequency-divided data is modulated by QPSK and R=3;

[0231] The relationship between the order difference and R is explained above. The relationship between R and the code rate difference of the frequency-divided data and the non-frequency-divided data or the MCS index difference of the frequency-divided data and the non-frequency-divided data is explained below in the case of a fixed order difference (i.e., the modulation modes of the frequency-divided data and the non-frequency-divided data are fixed). It is assumed that the frequency-divided data corresponds to MCS index I MCS,0 , and the non-frequency-divided data corresponds to MCS index I MCS,1 , based on I MCS,0 and I MCS,1 , the code rate c0 and the modulation order m0 of the frequency-divided data and the code rate c1 and the modulation order m1 of the non-frequency-divided data can be known by looking up the MCS table (Table 1-Table 2), respectively. Since m1>m0, I MCS,1 is greater than I MCS,0 . The MCS index difference is defined as I MCS,1 -I MCS,0 , and is a positive integer.

[0232] When the frequency-divided data and the non-frequency-divided data belong to the same codeword, their code rates are the same, and in this case, R is related to the MCS index difference of the frequency-divided data and the non-frequency-divided data. When the frequency-divided data and the non-frequency-divided data do not belong to the same codeword, they can be obtained by different encoding methods, and thus the code rates can be different.

[0233] In addition, R is monotonically non-decreasing with the increase of the MCS index difference of the frequency-divided data and the non-frequency-divided data, where the coefficient For example, the greater the index difference, the greater the degree of decrease of the EPRE of the frequency-divided data under the condition of ensuring the demodulation SNR or the demodulation performance of the frequency-divided data, i.e., the greater R. Wherein:

[0234] If c0 is greater than c1, R is monotonically non-increasing with the increase of (c0-c1), which is equivalent to the decrease of the MCS index difference of the frequency-divided data and the non-frequency-divided data;

[0235] If c0 is less than c1, R is monotonically non-decreasing with the increase of (c1-c0), which is equivalent to the increase of the MCS index difference of the frequency-divided data and the non-frequency-divided data.

[0236] In one possible implementation, when the DMRS sequence adopts a Zadoff-Chu sequence, the coefficient β is related to a Zadoff-Chu sequence root index.

[0237] For example, in NR, a DMRS sequence can be generated by cyclically shifting a base sequence When M zc is no less than 36, the base sequence can be a ZC sequence, which is specifically shown as follows:

[0238] where q is a ZC sequence root index, and N zc is a period of the ZC sequence and is a largest prime number less than M zc .

[0239] The value of q affects the DMRS sequence and further affects the PAPR of the DMRS symbol. If the value of q makes the PAPR of the DMRS symbol worse, a larger R needs to be used under the requirement that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is no higher than the PAPR of the data symbol. The coefficient β is related to the value of R.

[0240] For example, when q = 1, the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is lower than when q = 2. As shown in FIG. 15, when q = 1, R = 3 can make the PAPR of the DMRS symbol no higher than the PAPR of the data symbol, while for q = 2, R = 6 is needed to make the PAPR of the DMRS symbol no higher than the PAPR of the data symbol. Thus, if the value of q makes the PAPR of the DMRS symbol worse, R needs to be increased. The coefficient β is related to the value of R.

[0241] The legend "QPSK DFT-s-OFDM" represents the PAPR of a QPSK DFT-s-OFDM symbol;

[0242] The legend "FDM, π / 2-BPSK, R = 3, q = 1" represents the PAPR of a DMRS symbol when frequency-division data adopts π / 2-BPSK modulation, R = 3, and q = 1;

[0243] The legend "FDM, π / 2-BPSK, R = 6, q = 2" represents the PAPR of a DMRS symbol when frequency-division data adopts π / 2-BPSK modulation, R = 6, and q = 2;

[0244] It can be seen that R is related to the ZC sequence root index.

[0245] S1303: Indicating the first per-resource-element energy EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio to the second device; the first EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β, and the second EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β;

[0246] It is understood that indicating the first EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio to the second device specifically includes indicating it through any one or more of the following signaling: uplink control signaling UCI, downlink control information DCI, radio resource control RRC, or media access control - control element MAC CE.

[0247] In one possible implementation, indicating the first per-resource-unit energy EPR ratio and / or the second EPR ratio to the second device specifically includes indicating via an index value and a DMRS configuration type.

[0248] For example, the first device (or the second device) can configure the DMRS configuration type (e.g., type1, type2), the DMRS symbol length (e.g., single-symbol DMRS or double-symbol DMRS, i.e., the DMRS symbol length is 1 or 2), and the rank in multiple intermediate tables (e.g., tables A1, A2…A…). n Determine intermediate table A in ) m (where m and n are both positive integers greater than 0), and according to the index value, in the intermediate table A m The system obtains the value of "number of CDM groups without data"; subsequently, based on the obtained value of "number of CDM groups without data" and the DMRS configuration type, it retrieves the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio from query table B (e.g., Table 5). It is understood that intermediate tables A1, A2…A… n And lookup table B may be pre-set in the first device and / or the second device, or it may be obtained through other means.

[0249] For example, the first device (or the second device) is known to have a DMRS configuration type of type2, a DMRS symbol length of 2, a rank of 1, and an index value of 4;

[0250] First, the first device (or the second device) configures itself according to DMRS configuration type = type2, DMRS symbol length = 2, rank = 1 in numerous intermediate tables (e.g., tables A1, A2…A…). n Determine Table A in ) m (For example, Table 6).

[0251] Table 6

[0252] Subsequently, based on the index value of 4, the value of "Number of CDM groups without data" in Table 6 is determined to be 2;

[0253] Then, based on the value of "number of CDM groups without data" = 2 and the DMR configuration type = type2 (i.e., DMRS frequency domain density 1 / 3 in Table 5), the first EPRE ratio is determined to be a20 and the second EPRE ratio is determined to be a21 in lookup table B (e.g., Table 5).

[0254] It is understandable that the intermediate table A is determined based on the three parameters: DMRS configuration type, DMRS symbol length, and rank. m The method described is merely illustrative and does not constitute the sole limitation of this application. In practice, intermediate table A can be determined using any number of parameters. m For example, intermediate table A can be determined solely by DMRS configuration type or solely by DMRS symbol length. m Alternatively, it can be determined through any combination of the above. It is understood that the parameters are not limited to the above parameters, and can also be, for example, DMRS configuration type, DMRS symbol length, whether to configure pi / 2-BPSK, etc.

[0255] It is understood that Table 6 is merely an illustrative example and does not constitute a unique limitation on this application, wherein intermediate Table A m The content is not limited to Table 6, and the index value corresponding to the "number of CDM groups without data" can be arbitrarily specified, as shown in Table 7.

[0256] Table 7

[0257] In one possible implementation, the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio are related to R, G, and D; where G represents the number of DMRS code division multiplexing (CDM) groups, D represents the number of DMRS CDM groups that do not carry data, and D <G。

[0258] In one possible implementation, when only the first EPRE ratio or the second EPRE ratio is indicated to the second device, the first EPRE ratio and the formula for calculating the second EPRE ratio are indicated to the second device.

[0259] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the first EPRE ratio includes:

[0260] or,

[0261] The formula for calculating the second EPRE ratio includes:

[0262] or,

[0263] It can be understood that formula (2) is the dB form of formula (1); formula (4) is the dB form of formula (3).

[0264] For example, when the DMRS frequency domain density is 1 / 2 or the DMRS configuration type is type1, G=2 and D∈{1}; when the DMRS frequency domain density is 1 / 3 or the DMRS configuration type is type2, G=3 and D∈{1,2}; when the DMRS frequency domain density is 1 / 4 or the DMRS configuration type is type3, G=4 and D∈{1,2,3}.

[0265] Based on the above formulas (1)-(4), the parameter design in table 5 is as follows:

[0266] For example, when R=3, the following can be obtained:

[0267] a10=-4·77;

[0268] a11=-1·76;

[0269] a12=-6;

[0270] a13=-3;

[0271] a14=-7;

[0272] a15=-4;

[0273] a20=-7;

[0274] a21=-4;

[0275] a22=-7·78;

[0276] a23=-4·77;

[0277] a30=-8·45;

[0278] a31=-5.44;

[0279] It can be understood that the ratios in table 5 are given in dB form, and can also be directly given in the form of ratios, which is not limited here.

[0280] It can be understood that for the scenario of DMRS sequence and single carrier data frequency division multiplexing, the first device can indicate the EPRE ratio (for example, the first EPRE ratio or the second EPRE ratio) to the second device through signaling. When only one EPRE ratio (for example, the first EPRE ratio or the second EPRE ratio) is indicated, the respective calculation formulas of the two EPRE ratios also need to be indicated, for example, the previous formulas (1) or (2) and formulas (3) or (4). At this time, based on the obtained one EPRE ratio and the corresponding EPRE calculation formula, the second device can inversely calculate R, and then combine the parameters G and D to calculate the other EPRE ratio; so that when both EPRE ratios are known, the second device can coherently demodulate the frequency-division data and the frequency-division data.

[0281] Obviously, compared with directly outputting two EPRE ratios to the second device, the method of outputting only one EPRE ratio and making the second device obtain the second EPRE ratio based on the preset or obtained formula can reduce the EPRE signaling overhead.

[0282] It can be understood that the order of S1302 and S1303 in the present application is not limited, that is, S1302 can be executed first and then S1303 can be executed; or S1303 can be executed first and then S1302 can be executed; or S1302 and S1303 can be executed simultaneously.

[0283] The first EPRE ratio represents the ratio of the EPRE of the first data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence, and the second EPRE ratio represents the ratio of the EPRE of the second data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

[0284] The above describes the data transmission method in the present application from the first device side (that is, the sending end), and the corresponding method of the second device side (that is, the receiving end) is described below. It can be understood that the corresponding method suitable for the sending end in the present application is also suitable for the receiving end, or for those skilled in the art, only a simple adjustment of the corresponding method of the sending end can be realized in the receiving end, so the same part is not described again. At the same time, it can be understood that the first device in the present application can be the sending end, and the second device can be the receiving end, accordingly, the second device can be the sending end, and the second device can be the receiving end, the present application only takes the first device as the sending end and the second device as the receiving end as an example for description.

[0285] In a second aspect, the present application provides a data compression transmission method, as shown in FIG. 16, which is applied to a second device and includes:

[0286] S1601: Obtain a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbol and a data symbol from the first device; wherein a DMRS sequence in the DMRS symbol and the first data are frequency division multiplexed in the DMRS symbol; the data symbol comprises second data; the DMRS symbol and the data symbol are located in different time domain resources.

[0287] S1602: Obtain a first EPRE ratio and / or a second EPRE ratio from the first device; wherein the first EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β, and the second EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β; the coefficient β is a preset value. R represents a preset decibel value.

[0288] S1603: Demodulate the first data and the second data based on the first EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio.

[0289] The first EPRE ratio represents a ratio of the EPRE of the first data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence, and the second EPRE ratio represents a ratio of the EPRE of the second data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

[0290] It can be understood that the order of S1601 and S1602 in the present application is not limited, that is, S1602 can be executed first and then S1601 can be executed; or S1601 can be executed first and then S1602 can be executed; or S1602 and S1601 can be executed simultaneously.

[0291] In the embodiments of the present application, the method provided by the embodiments of the present application is introduced from the perspective of the first device and the second device. In order to realize the functions of the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the terminal or the access network device, the server, the core network device, etc. can include hardware structures and / or software modules to realize the above-mentioned functions in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or hardware structures plus software modules. Whether a certain function in the above-mentioned functions is executed in the form of hardware structure, software module, or hardware structure plus software module depends on the design constraints of the specific application of the technical solution.

[0292] Therefore, in a third aspect, the present application provides a possible structure of a communication device, as shown in FIG. 17. These communication devices can realize one or more corresponding functions in the above-mentioned method embodiments. For example, the functions realized by the first communication device or the second communication device, etc. Therefore, the beneficial effects possessed by the above-mentioned method embodiments can be realized. In the embodiments of the present application, the communication device can be a terminal or an access network device, or the communication device can be a module (such as a chip) applied to a terminal or an access network device.

[0293] As shown in FIG. 17, the communication apparatus 1700 includes a processing unit 1710 and a transceiver unit 1720. The communication apparatus 1700 is configured to implement the functions of the first device in the above-mentioned method embodiment of FIG. 13 or the second device in FIG. 16. Optionally, the transceiver unit 1720 can also be referred to as an output unit, an interface unit, or a communication unit, etc. In a possible implementation, the transceiver unit 1720 includes at least one of a transmitting unit or a receiving unit. The transmitting unit and the receiving unit can be integrated together, or two independent units, etc.

[0294] When the communication apparatus 1700 is configured to implement the functions of the first device in FIG. 13, specifically:

[0295] The processing unit 1710: when the DMRS sequence in the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbol is frequency-division multiplexed with the first data in the DMRS symbol, multiplying the first data by a coefficient β; wherein the coefficient β is determined according to a preset R, G, and D; wherein R represents a preset decibel value; G represents a number of DMRS code division multiplexing (CDM) groups; and D represents a number of DMRS CDM groups that do not carry data. R represents a preset decibel value;

[0296] The transceiver unit 1720: outputting, to the second device, the DMRS symbol and the data symbol; and indicating, to the second device, a first energy per resource element (EPRE) ratio and / or a second EPRE ratio; wherein the data symbol includes second data; the DMRS symbol and the data symbol are located in different time domain resources; wherein the first EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β, and the second EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β.

[0297] The first EPRE ratio represents a ratio of an EPRE of the first data to an EPRE of the DMRS sequence, and the second EPRE ratio represents a ratio of an EPRE of the second data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

[0298] In a possible implementation, indicating, to the second device, the first EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio specifically includes: indicating by an index value and a DMRS configuration type.

[0299] In a possible implementation, the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio are related to R, G, and D; wherein G represents a number of DMRS code division multiplexing (CDM) groups, and D represents a number of DMRS CDM groups that do not carry data, and D < G.

[0300] In a possible implementation, when only the first EPRE ratio or the second EPRE ratio is indicated to the second device, a calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio is indicated to the second device.

[0301] In a possible implementation, the calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio specifically includes:

[0302] The calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio comprises:

[0303] The calculation formula of the second EPRE ratio comprises:

[0304] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β is related to a data coding and modulation scheme MCS.

[0305] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β being related to a difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data specifically comprises that the coefficient β is related to a difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data.

[0306] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β being related to a difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data specifically comprises:

[0307] The first data is modulated by using binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), the second data is modulated by using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), and the difference between the modulation orders of the second data and the first data is 1; or,

[0308] The first data is modulated by using pi / 2-BPSK, the second data is modulated by using QPSK, and the difference between the modulation orders of the second data and the first data is 1; or,

[0309] The first data is modulated by using QPSK, the second data is modulated by using 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and the difference between the modulation orders of the second data and the first data is 2; or,

[0310] The first data is modulated by using 16QAM, the second data is modulated by using 64QAM, and the difference between the modulation orders of the second data and the first data is 2.

[0311] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β being related to a difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data specifically comprises that, in a case where the difference between the modulation orders is fixed, the coefficient β is related to a difference between code rates of the second data and the first data or a difference between MCS indexes of the second data and the first data.

[0312] In a possible implementation, when the DMRS sequence adopts a Zadoff-Chu sequence, the coefficient β is related to a Zadoff-Chu sequence root index.

[0313] In a possible implementation, the indication of the first EPRE ratio per resource element and / or the second EPRE ratio to the second device specifically comprises indication by any one or more of the following: downlink control information (DCI), radio resource control (RRC), or medium access control-control element (MAC CE).

[0314] When the communication device 1700 is used for the function of the second device in FIG. 16, specifically:

[0315] The transceiver 1720: obtains a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbol and a data symbol from the first device; obtains the first EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio from the first device; wherein a DMRS sequence in the DMRS symbol and first data in the DMRS symbol are frequency division multiplexed; the data symbol includes second data; the DMRS symbol and the data symbol are located in different time domain resources; the first EPRE ratio is related to a coefficient β, and the second EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β; wherein the coefficient β is determined according to a preset rule. R represents a preset decibel value;

[0316] The processing unit 1710: demodulates the first data and the second data based on the first EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio.

[0317] The first EPRE ratio represents a ratio of the EPRE of the first data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence, and the second EPRE ratio represents a ratio of the EPRE of the second data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

[0318] In a possible implementation, the obtaining of the first EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio from the first device specifically comprises obtaining by an index value and a DMRS configuration type.

[0319] In a possible implementation, the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio are related to R, G, and D; wherein G represents a number of DMRS code division multiplexing (CDM) groups, and D represents a number of DMRS CDM groups that do not carry data, and D < G.

[0320] In a possible implementation, when only the first EPRE ratio or the second EPRE ratio is obtained from the first device, the calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio is as follows.

[0321] In a possible implementation, the calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio specifically comprises:

[0322] The calculation formula of the first EPRE ratio comprises:

[0323] The calculation formula of the second EPRE ratio comprises:

[0324] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β is related to a data coding and modulation scheme MCS.

[0325] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β being related to a difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data specifically includes that the coefficient β is related to a difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data.

[0326] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β being related to a difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data specifically includes that the coefficient β is related to a difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data.

[0327] The first data is modulated by using binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), the second data is modulated by using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), and the difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data is 1; or,

[0328] The first data is modulated by using pi / 2-BPSK, the second data is modulated by using QPSK, and the difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data is 1; or,

[0329] The first data is modulated by using QPSK, the second data is modulated by using 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), and the difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data is 2; or,

[0330] The first data is modulated by using 16QAM, the second data is modulated by using 64QAM, and the difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data is 2.

[0331] In a possible implementation, the coefficient β being related to a difference between modulation orders of the second data and the first data specifically includes that, in a case where the difference between modulation orders is fixed, the coefficient β is related to a difference between code rates of the second data and the first data or a difference between MCS indexes of the second data and the first data.

[0332] In a possible implementation, when the DMRS sequence adopts a Zadoff-Chu sequence, the coefficient β is related to a Zadoff-Chu sequence root index.

[0333] In a possible implementation, obtaining the first EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio from the first device specifically includes obtaining through any one or more of the following signaling: downlink control information (DCI), radio resource control (RRC), or medium access control-control element (MAC CE).

[0334] For more details of the processing unit 1710 and the transceiver unit 1720, refer to the description in FIG. 13 or FIG. 16 in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0335] It can be understood that the division of the units in the embodiments of the present application is schematic, and is merely logical function division. Actual implementation can have another division manner. In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present application can be integrated in one physical device (for example, in a processor), or each functional unit can be a separate physical device, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit for implementation. The integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware, or in the form of a software functional module, etc.

[0336] FIG. 18 shows another possible structure of a communication apparatus provided by the present application. As shown in FIG. 18, the communication apparatus 1800 includes processing circuitry 1810 and interface circuitry 1820. The processing circuitry 1810 and the interface circuitry 1820 are coupled to each other. It can be understood that the processing circuitry 1810 can be a processor, and the interface circuitry 1820 can be a transceiver or an input / output interface.

[0337] Optionally, the communication apparatus 1800 can further include a memory 1830, configured to store instructions executed by the processing circuitry 1810, or store input data required for the processing circuitry 1810 to execute instructions, or store data generated after the processing circuitry 1810 executes instructions.

[0338] Optionally, the memory (for example, 1830) in the embodiments of the present application can be integrated in the processing circuitry (for example, 1810), or the memory (for example, 1830) and the processing circuitry (for example, 1810) can be separately arranged.

[0339] When the communication apparatus 1800 is used to implement the method shown in FIG. 13 or FIG. 16, the processing circuitry 1810 is configured to implement the functions of the processing unit 1710, and the interface circuitry 1820 is configured to implement the functions of the transceiving unit 1720.

[0340] When the communication apparatus is a chip applied to a terminal, the chip implements the functions of the terminal in the method embodiments. The chip receives information sent by an access network device to the terminal through other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the terminal; or the chip sends information to other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the terminal, and the information is sent by the terminal to the access network device.

[0341] When the communication apparatus is a module applied to an access network device, the module implements the functions of the access network device in the method embodiments. The module receives information from other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the access network device, and the information is sent by a terminal to the access network device; or the module sends information to other modules (such as a radio frequency module or an antenna) in the access network device, and the information is sent by the access network device to the terminal.

[0342] It is to be understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application can be a central processing unit (CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0343] The memory in the embodiments of the present application can be a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable PROM (EPROM), an electrically EPROM (EEPROM), a register, a hard disk, a mobile hard disk, a CD-ROM or any other form of storage medium well known in the art.

[0344] The method steps in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in hardware, or in software instructions executable by a processor. The software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an erasable programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, a register, a hard disk, a mobile hard disk, a CD-ROM or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor, so that the processor can read information from and write information to the storage medium. The storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be located in an ASIC.

[0345] The embodiments of the present application also provide a communication apparatus, which comprises a processor and a memory. The processor is configured to enable the functions of the first apparatus in FIG. 13 and / or the second apparatus in FIG. 16 to be implemented. For example, the processor is configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in the memory, and the memory is configured to store the computer program or the instructions, and when the computer program or the instructions are executed, the method of the first apparatus in FIG. 13 and / or the second apparatus in FIG. 16 is performed. Optionally, the processor and the memory are coupled.

[0346] The embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, comprising a processor, the processor being used for enabling the functions of the first device in Figure 13 and / or the second device in Figure 16 to be implemented.

[0347] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores instructions, the instructions can also be referred to as computer programs, computer program codes, etc. The instructions run on a computer, so that the functions of the first device in Figure 13 and / or the second device in Figure 16 in the method embodiment are implemented.

[0348] The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which comprises a computer program or instructions, the computer program product comprises the computer program or instructions used for executing the method of the first device in Figure 13, or the computer program product comprises the computer program or instructions used for executing the method of the second device in Figure 16.

[0349] The embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, which comprises a processor and a memory, the processor is coupled to the memory, and the processor is used for executing the computer program or instructions stored in the memory, so that the functions of the first device in Figure 13 and / or the second device in Figure 16 are implemented.

[0350] The embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, which comprises a first communication device and a second communication device. The first communication device is used for enabling the functions of the first device in Figure 13 to be implemented, and the second communication device is used for enabling the functions of the second device in Figure 16 to be implemented.

[0351] In the above embodiments, all or part can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, all or part can be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, the computer programs or instructions perform all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application. The computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment or other programmable apparatus. The computer programs or instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transferred from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer programs or instructions can be transferred from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center through wired or wireless manner. The computer readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center and the like integrated with one or more available media. The available media can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape; or an optical medium, such as a digital video disc; or a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state disk. The computer readable storage medium can be a volatile or non-volatile storage medium, or can include both volatile and non-volatile storage media.

[0352] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. The association relationship between the associated objects is described by "and / or", which means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the following cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In the textual description of the present application, the character " / ", generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "Including at least one of A, B and C" can mean: including A; including B; including C; including A and B; including A and C; including B and C; including A, B and C.

[0353] It can be understood that the various numerical numbers or writing sequences involved in the embodiments of the present application are only distinguished for convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. The size or writing sequence of the serial numbers of the above processes does not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of the processes should be determined according to its function and inherent logic.

[0354] In various embodiments of the present application, the terms and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be mutually referred to if there is no special description and logical conflict. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, characterized in that, The method is used in a first device and includes: When the DMRS sequence in the demodulated reference signal DMRS symbol is frequency-division multiplexed with the first data in the DMRS symbol, the first data is multiplied by a coefficient β; the coefficient R represents a preset decibel value; The DMRS symbol and the data symbol are output to the second device; the data symbol includes second data; the DMRS symbol and the data symbol are located in different time-domain resources. Indicate a first energy per resource unit (EPRE) ratio and / or a second EPRE ratio to the second device; the first EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β, and the second EPRE ratio is related to the coefficient β. The first EPRE ratio represents the ratio of the EPRE of the first data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence, and the second EPRE ratio represents the ratio of the EPRE of the second data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The instruction of the first per resource unit energy EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio to the second device specifically includes: indicating via index value and DMRS configuration type.

3. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio are related to R, G, and D; where G represents the number of DMRS code division multiplexing (CDM) groups, D represents the number of DMRS CDM groups that do not carry data, and D <G。 4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When the second device is instructed only of the first EPRE ratio or the second EPRE ratio, the second device is instructed of the calculation formulas for the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio.

5. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The specific formulas for calculating the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio include: The formula for calculating the first EPRE ratio includes: The formula for calculating the second EPRE ratio includes:

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The coefficient β is related to the data coding modulation scheme (MCS).

7. The method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The coefficient β is specifically related to the data coding modulation scheme (MCS), including: The β is related to the difference in modulation order between the second data and the first data.

8. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The coefficient β being related to the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data specifically includes: when the modulation order difference is fixed, the coefficient β being related to the code rate difference between the second data and the first data or the MCS index difference between the second data and the first data.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, When the DMRS sequence uses the Zadoff-Chu sequence, the coefficient β is related to the root index of the Zadoff-Chu sequence.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The instruction to the second device of the first energy per resource unit (EPRE) ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio specifically includes: Instructions are given via one or more of the following signaling: Downlink Control Information (DCI), Radio Resource Control (RRC), or Media Access Control - Control Element (MAC CE).

11. A method for adjusting a demodulation reference signal DMRS, characterized in that, The method is used in a second device and includes: The first device acquires demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbols and data symbols; wherein the DMRS symbols contain DMRS sequences and the DMRS symbols contain first data frequency division multiplexing; the data symbols include second data; the DMRS symbols and the data symbols are located in different time domain resources; A first EPRE ratio and / or a second EPRE ratio are obtained from a first device; the first EPRE ratio is related to a coefficient β, and the second EPRE ratio is related to a coefficient β; the coefficient... R represents a preset decibel value; Demodulate the first data and the second data based on the first EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio; Wherein, the first EPRE ratio represents the ratio of the EPRE of the first data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence, and the second EPRE ratio represents the ratio of the EPRE of the second data to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

12. The method as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The specific steps of obtaining the first EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio from the first device include: obtaining them through index values ​​and DMRS configuration types.

13. The method according to any one of claims 11-12, characterized in that, The first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio are related to R, G, and D; where G represents the number of DMRS code division multiplexing (CDM) groups, D represents the number of DMRS CDM groups that do not carry data, and D <G。 14. The method as described in claim 13, characterized in that, When only the first EPRE ratio or the second EPRE ratio is obtained from the first device, the calculation formulas for the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio are obtained.

15. The method as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The specific formulas for calculating the first EPRE ratio and the second EPRE ratio include: The formula for calculating the first EPRE ratio includes: The formula for calculating the second EPRE ratio includes:

16. The method according to any one of claims 11-15, characterized in that, The coefficient β is related to the data coding modulation scheme (MCS).

17. The method as described in claim 16, characterized in that, The coefficient β is specifically related to the data coding modulation scheme (MCS), including: The β is related to the difference in modulation order between the second data and the first data.

18. The method as described in claim 17, characterized in that, The coefficient β is related to the modulation order difference between the second data and the first data, specifically including: When the modulation order difference is fixed, the coefficient β is related to the code rate difference between the second data and the first data or the MCS index difference between the second data and the first data.

19. The method according to any one of claims 11-15, characterized in that, When the DMRS sequence uses the Zadoff-Chu sequence, the coefficient β is related to the root index of the Zadoff-Chu sequence.

20. The method according to any one of claims 11-19, characterized in that, The acquisition of the first EPRE ratio and / or the second EPRE ratio from the first device specifically includes: acquiring them through any one or more of the following signaling methods: Downlink Control Information (DCI), Radio Resource Control (RRC), or Media Access Control - Control Element (MAC CE).

21. A communication device, characterized in that, The apparatus includes a processor for executing a computer program or instructions to cause the method of any one of claims 1-10 to be performed, and / or the method of any one of claims 11-20 to be performed.

22. The apparatus as claimed in claim 21, characterized in that, The device further includes a memory for storing the computer program or instructions.

23. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the method as described in any one of claims 1-10 to be performed, and / or the method as described in any one of claims 11-20 to be performed.

24. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program or instructions for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1-10, and / or includes a computer program or instructions for performing the method as described in any one of claims 11-20.

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