A polyamide composition, a polyamide self-crimpling fiber, and a preparation method thereof
A polyamide composition with controlled shear viscosity difference forms a stable, elastic self-crimping fiber, addressing issues of crimp stability and hand feel in existing fibers, resulting in improved fabric comfort and dyeability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/111250
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-10-31
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing polyamide self-crimping fibers suffer from low crimp stability, high fiber modulus, and poor moisture regain, leading to a harder hand feeling and inadequate elasticity in woven fabrics, which affects dyeing and wearing comfort.
A polyamide composition comprising polyamide 56 and polyamide X (such as 510 or 6) with a specific shear viscosity difference of 15-70 Pa·s, forming a side-by-side composite fiber structure with aligned longitudinal directions, prepared through a controlled spinning process.
The resulting polyamide self-crimping fiber exhibits improved mechanical properties, excellent elasticity, and soft hand feel, with enhanced crimp stability and moisture absorption, suitable for comfortable and easily dyeable fabrics.
Smart Images

Figure PCTCN2025111250-FTAPPB-I100001 
Figure PCTCN2025111250-FTAPPB-I100002 
Figure PCTCN2025111250-FTAPPB-I100003
Abstract
Description
A POLYAMIDE COMPOSITION, A POLYAMIDE SELF-CRIMPLING FIBER, AND A PREPARATION METHOD THEREOFTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to a polyamide fiber, in particular to a polyamide self-crimping elastic fiber.BACKGROUND
[0002] Self-crimping elastic fibers are side-by-side composite fibers obtained by melt spinning two polymers with good compatibility but greatly varied thermal shrinkage in a certain proportion. The self-crimping elastic fibers currently available on the market are polyester-based elastic fibers, but polyester fibers have disadvantages such as poor moisture absorption, insufficient softness and breathability, and difficulty in dyeing, etc. As demand for comfortable fabrics increases, the requirements for softness, comfort, and excellent moisture absorption performance of fabrics are becoming more and more stringent.
[0003] Compared with polyester, polyamide has better moisture absorption properties and is more comfortable and skin-friendly, it can be dyed under atmospheric pressure and has a wide range of applications, providing more possibilities for the preparation of comfortable textiles. However, although some polyamide self-crimping fibers disclosed in existing technology have relatively higher crimpiness and stretchability, their crimp stability is low and fiber modulus is high, resulting in a harder hand feeling of the woven fabric and low fiber moisture regain, which affects dyeing of fabrics and wearing comfort.
[0004] In addition, even if some existing polyamide-based self-crimping fibers have certain elastic elongation properties, this does not result in good elasticity in the finished textiles or fabrics.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] To overcome at least one drawback of the prior art, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a polyamide composition comprising a first component that includes polyamide 56 and a second component that includes polyamide X, wherein the polyamide X comprises polyamide 510 and / or polyamide 6; a mass ratio of the first component to the second component is (40~60) : (40~60) ; and a difference between the shear viscosity V56 of the first component and the shear viscosity VX of the second component satisfies: V56 -VX=15~70 Pa·s;
[0006] wherein, V56 and VX are the shear viscosities of the first component and the second component, respectively, measured by a capillary rheometer at a testing temperature of 270℃and a shear rate of 10000 s-1.
[0007] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a polyamide self-crimping fiber comprising a first structure formed from a first component and a second structure formed from a second component, wherein the first structure is connected and arranged side by side with the second structure, and the longitudinal directions of the first structure and the second structure are each aligned with a longitudinal direction of the polyamide self-crimping fiber;
[0008] wherein, the first component comprises polyamide 56, the second component comprises polyamide X that includes polyamide 510 and / or polyamide 6; a mass ratio of the first component to the second component is (40~60) : (40~60) ; and a difference between the shear viscosity V56 of the first component and the shear viscosity VX of the second component satisfies: V56 -VX=15~70 Pa·s;
[0009] V56 and VX are the shear viscosities of the first component and the second component, respectively, measured by a capillary rheometer at a testing temperature of 270℃ and a shear rate of 10000 s-1.
[0010] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a polyamide self-crimping fiber, wherein the raw materials for preparation include the above-mentioned composition.
[0011] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a polyamide fabric prepared by weaving raw materials, wherein the raw materials include the above-mentioned polyamide self-crimping fiber or the polyamide self-crimping fiber prepared by the above-mentioned method.
[0012] The polyamide composition according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be used to prepare polyamide self-crimping fibers with good mechanical properties and excellent elasticity.DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0013] The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating specific embodiments and are not considered as restrictions on the present disclosure. Wherein:
[0014] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the lower bottom surface of an 8-shaped spinneret used in Examples and Comparative Examples of the present disclosure;
[0015] FIG. 2 shows a microscopic image of the microscopic cross section of the polyamide self-crimping fiber prepared in Example A2 of the present disclosure;
[0016] FIG. 3 shows a physical image of the three-dimensional spiral structure of the polyamide self-crimping fiber produced in Example A1 of the present disclosure;
[0017] FIG. 4 shows the physical images of Fabric A1 from Application Example A1 and comparative fabric 3 from Comparative Application Example 3 of the present disclosure, with fabric A1 on the left (a) and comparative fabric 3 on the right (b) ;
[0018] FIG. 5 shows a physical image of the three-dimensional spiral structure of the polyamide self-crimping fiber produced in Example B1 of the present disclosure;
[0019] FIG. 6 shows a physical images of Fabric B2 from Application Example B2 and Comparative Fabric B1 from Comparative Application Example B1 of the present disclosure, with Fabric B2 on the left (a’ ) and Comparative Fabric B1 on the right (b’ ) ;
[0020] FIG. 7 shows a microscopic image of the microscopic cross section of the polyamide self-crimping fiber prepared in Example C2 of the present disclosure;
[0021] FIG. 8 shows a physical image of the three-dimensional spiral structure of the polyamide fully drawn yarns produced in Example C1 of the present disclosure;
[0022] FIG. 9 shows a physical images of Fabric C2 from Application Example C2 and Comparative Fabric C1 from Comparative Application Example C1 of the present disclosure, with Fabric C2 on the left (a”) and Comparative Fabric C1 on the right (b”) ;
[0023] Wherein, the reference symbols are explained as follows:
[0024] 10-Spinneret; 11-First circular orifice; 12-Second circular orifice; r-Cross-sectional radius; D-Distance between the centers of circles.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0025] Typical embodiments that embody the features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following descriptions. It should be understood that the present disclosure can have various variations in different embodiments, all of which will not depart from the scope of the present disclosure, and the descriptions therein are essentially for illustrative purposes rather than limiting the present disclosure.
[0026] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a polyamide composition comprising a first component that includes polyamide 56 and a second component that includes polyamide X, wherein the polyamide X comprises polyamide 510 and / or polyamide 6; a mass ratio of the first component to the second component is (40~60) : (40~60) ; and a difference between the shear viscosity V56 of the first component (or polyamide 56) and the shear viscosity VX of the second component (or polyamide X) satisfies: V56 -VX=15~70 Pa·s;
[0027] wherein, V56 and VX are the shear viscosities of the first component and the second component, respectively, measured by a capillary rheometer at a testing temperature of 270℃and a shear rate of 10000 s-1.
[0028] In one embodiment, a mass ratio of the first component to the second component can be (40~60) : (40~60) , preferably (45~55) : (45~55) , more preferably (48~53) : (48~53) , and even more preferably (49~51) : (49~51) , such as 2: 3, 4: 5, 9: 11, 9: 10, 1: 1, 5: 4, 3: 2, 10: 9, and 11: 9.
[0029] In one embodiment, V56 is the shear viscosity of the first component measured by a capillary rheometer at a testing temperature of 270℃ and a shear rate of 10000 s-1, and VX is the shear viscosity of the second component measured by a capillary rheometer at a testing temperature of 270℃ and a shear rate of 10000 s-1; preferably, the capillary rheometer can be, for example, the Kinexus Rosand RH7 capillary rheometer from NETZSCH, German.
[0030] In one embodiment, the method for measuring shear viscosity is as follows: the sample is placed in a vacuum rotary drum dryer, dried at 105℃ for 24 hours, and the sample is analyzed using a Kinexus Rosand RH7 capillary rheometer (NETZSCH, German) in single barrel mode with a capillary inner diameter of 0.5 mm, an aspect ratio of L / D=8, and a shear rate of 10000 s-1.
[0031] In one embodiment, the difference V56 -VX between the shear viscosity V56 of the first component and the shear viscosity VX of the second component can be 15~70 Pa·s, preferably 26~70 Pa·s, such as 16 Pa·s, 17 Pa·s, 20 Pa·s, 25 Pa·s, 28 Pa·s, 29 Pa·s, 34 Pa·s, 35 Pa·s, 37 Pa·s, 38 Pa·s, 40 Pa·s, 41 Pa·s, 42 Pa·s, 45 Pa·s, 46 Pa·s, 47 Pa·s, 50 Pa·s, 54 Pa·s, 55 Pa·s, 60 Pa·s, 63 Pa·s, and 64 Pa·s.
[0032] In one embodiment, the difference V56 -VX between the shear viscosity V56 of the first component and the shear viscosity VX of the second component can be 15~66 Pa·s, preferably 26~65 Pa·s, and more preferably 30~65 Pa·s.
[0033] In one embodiment, the shear viscosity V56 of the first component can be 30~90 Pa·s, preferably 50~90 Pa·s, and more preferably 55~88 Pa·s, such as 58 Pa·s, 59 Pa·s, 60 Pa·s, 61 Pa·s, 62 Pa·s, 63 Pa·s, 65 Pa·s, 68 Pa·s, 70 Pa·s, 73 Pa·s, 75 Pa·s, 78 Pa·s, 80 Pa·s, 83 Pa·s, 85 Pa·s, 87 Pa·s, and 88 Pa·s.
[0034] In one embodiment, the shear viscosity VX of the second component can be 20~80 Pa·s, preferably 20~60 Pa·s, more preferably 20~50 Pa·s, and yet preferably 23~45 Pa·s, such as 22 Pa·s, 23 Pa·s, 24 Pa·s, 25 Pa·s, 28 Pa·s, 30 Pa·s, 32 Pa·s, 33 Pa·s, 35 Pa·s, 38 Pa·s, 40 Pa·s, 41 Pa·s, 42 Pa·s, 46 Pa·s, 47 Pa·s, 50 Pa·s, 70 Pa·s, 72 Pa·s, and 73 Pa·s.
[0035] In one embodiment, polyamide X is polyamide 510, which has a shear viscosity VX of 20~60 Pa·s, preferably 23~45 Pa·s.
[0036] In one embodiment, polyamide X is polyamide 6, which has a shear viscosity VX of 20~80 Pa·s, preferably 20~50 Pa·s.
[0037] In one embodiment, the viscosity of the existing polyamide 56 or polyamide X can be adjusted by solid-phase viscosity increasing, adjusting resin synthesis parameters, etc. Further, solid-phase viscosity increasing can be carried out at a temperature of 120~200℃, preferably 130~180℃, such as 140℃, 150℃, 155℃, 160℃, 165℃, and 170℃; for 4~24 hours, preferably 6~22 hours, such as 10 hours, 13 hours, and 16 hours.
[0038] In one embodiment, polyamide 56 can have a terminal amino content of 15~60 mmol / kg, preferably 25~60 mmol / kg, such as 29 mmol / kg, 30 mmol / kg, 35 mmol / kg, 40 mmol / kg, 45 mmol / kg, 50 mmol / kg, 54 mmol / kg, 55 mmol / kg, 58 mmol / kg, and 59 mmol / kg.
[0039] In one embodiment, polyamide X can have a terminal amino content of 10~55 mmol / kg, preferably 20~55 mmol / kg, such as 21 mmol / kg, 22 mmol / kg, 23 mmol / kg, 24 mmol / kg, 25 mmol / kg, 30 mmol / kg, 35 mmol / kg, 38 mmol / kg, 39 mmol / kg, 40 mmol / kg, 41 mmol / kg, 45 mmol / kg, 50 mmol / kg, 51 mmol / kg, 52 mmol / kg, 53 mmol / kg, and 54 mmol / kg.
[0040] In one embodiment, the first component (or polyamide 56) can have a melting point of 250~256 ℃, such as 251℃, 252℃, 253℃, 254℃, or 255℃.
[0041] In one embodiment, the second component (or polyamide X) can have a melting point of 215~226℃, preferably 215~218℃ or 220~226℃, such as 216℃, 217℃, 221℃, 222℃, 223℃, 224℃, 225℃, or 226℃.
[0042] In one embodiment, both polyamide 56 and polyamide X have a water content of 1000 ppm or less, preferably 50~500 ppm, such as 450 ppm.
[0043] In one embodiment, the raw material pentanediamine for synthesizing polyamide 56 and polyamide 510 can both be a bio-based pentanediamine, which refers to the pentanediamine synthesized from compounds derived from biomass such as glucose and lysine, etc., through enzymatic reactions, yeast reactions, or fermentation reactions, etc., in the monomer synthesis process. Among them, the bio-based content can be determined by measuring the radioactive C14 content, such as the method of the Standard ASTM-D6866.
[0044] In one embodiment, the polyamide composition comprises a first component that includes polyamide 56 and a second component that includes polyamide 510, wherein a mass ratio of the first component to the second component is (40~60) : (40~60) ; and a difference between the shear viscosity V56 of the first component (or polyamide 56) and the shear viscosity VX of the second component (or polyamide 510) satisfies: V56 -VX=26~70 Pa·s.
[0045] In one embodiment, the first component comprises polyamide 56, and the second component comprises polyamide 510, a difference V56 -VX between the shear viscosity V56 of the first component and the shear viscosity VX of the second component can be 26~70 Pa·s, preferably 26~65 Pa·s, and more preferably 30~65 Pa·s.
[0046] In one embodiment, the second component comprises polyamide 510, and the shear viscosity VX of the second component can be 20~60 Pa·s, preferably 23~45 Pa·s.
[0047] In one embodiment, the second component comprises polyamide 510, which has a melting point of 215~218℃.
[0048] In one embodiment, the polyamide composition comprises a first component that includes polyamide 56 and a second component that includes polyamide 6, wherein a mass ratio of the first component to the second component is (45~55) : (45~55) ; and a difference between the shear viscosity V56 of the first component (or polyamide 56) and the shear viscosity VX of the second component (or polyamide 6) satisfies: V56 -VX=15~70 Pa·s.
[0049] In one embodiment, the first component comprises polyamide 56, the second component comprises polyamide 6, and a mass ratio of the first component to the second component can be (48~53) : (48~53) , preferably (49~51) : (49~51) .
[0050] In one embodiment, the first component comprises polyamide 56, and the second component comprises polyamide 6, a difference V56 -VX between the shear viscosity V56 of the first component and the shear viscosity VX of the second component can be 15~70 Pa·s, preferably15~66 Pa·s.
[0051] In one embodiment, the second component comprises polyamide 6, which can have a shear viscosity VX of 20~80 Pa·s, preferably 20~50 Pa·s.
[0052] In one embodiment, the second component comprises polyamide 6, which has a melting point of 220~226℃.
[0053] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a polyamide self-crimping fiber comprising a first structure formed from the above first component and a second structure formed from the above second component, wherein the first structure is connected (such as bonded) and arranged side by side with the second structure, and the longitudinal directions of the first structure and the second structure are each aligned with a longitudinal direction of the polyamide self-crimping fiber.
[0054] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber is a side-by-side composite fiber.
[0055] In one embodiment, the cross-section of the polyamide self-crimping fibers is composed of the cross-section of the first structure and the cross-section of the second structure.
[0056] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber is a polyamide self-crimping elastic fiber.
[0057] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber is fully drawn yarn (FDY) , pre-oriented yarn (POY) , or draw textured yarn (DTY) .
[0058] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber can have a breaking strength of 2.0~4.5 cN / dtex, preferably 2.5~3.5 cN / dtex or 2.5~4.2 cN / dtex, such as 2.3 cN / dtex, 2.5 cN / dtex, 2.6 cN / dtex, 2.68 cN / dtex, 2.7 cN / dtex, 2.8 cN / dtex, 2.9 cN / dtex, 3.0 cN / dtex, 3.1 cN / dtex, 3.2 cN / dtex, 3.4 cN / dtex, 3.5 cN / dtex, 3.9 cN / dtex, 3.96 cN / dtex, 4.0 cN / dtex, 4.1 cN / dtex, and 4.2 cN / dtex.
[0059] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber can have an elongation at break of 20%~40%, preferably 20%~35%or 25%~40%, and more preferably 25%~35%, such as 23%, 23.8%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 26.14%, 27%, 28%, 28.68%, 29%, 29.12%, 30%, 30.39%, 31%, 32%, 34%, 34.05%, 35%, and 38%.
[0060] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber can have an initial modulus of 16~30 cN / dtex, preferably 20~30 cN / dtex, such as 17 cN / dtex, 18 cN / dtex, 19 cN / dtex, 20 cN / dtex, 21 cN / dtex, 22 cN / dtex, 23 cN / dtex, 24 cN / dtex, 25 cN / dtex, 26 cN / dtex, 27 cN / dtex, and 28 cN / dtex.
[0061] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber can have an initial modulus of 18~25 cN / dtex.
[0062] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber can have a moisture regain of 1.0%~6.0%, preferably 3.0%~5.0%, such as 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%, 3.5%, 3.8%, 4.0%, 4.5%, 4.8%, 5.0%, and 5.5%.
[0063] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber has a boiling water shrinkage rate of 8%~15%, preferably 8%~11%or 9~15%, such as 9.4%, 9.7%, 9.8%, 10%, 10.2%, 10.5%, 11%, 12.3%, 12.5%, 13%, 14%, and 14.5%.
[0064] In one embodiment, the polyamide fully drawn yarn has a boiling water shrinkage rate of 14.0%or less, preferably 11.0%~14.0%, such as 11.5%, 12.0%, 12.5%, 13.0%, 13.5%, and 14.0%.
[0065] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber has a crimp contraction rate of 20%~60%, preferably 30%~60%, and more preferably 35%~60%, such as 23%, 24%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 33%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, and 57%.
[0066] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber has a crimp modulus of 4%-31%, preferably 4%~25%or 12%~30%or 12%~31%, such as 4.5%, 4.6%, 5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10%, 11%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 25%, 26%, 28%, and 29%.
[0067] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber has crimp stability of 20%or more, preferably 35%or more, more preferably 40%or more, even more preferably 45%or more, and even more preferably 50%or more.
[0068] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber can have crimp stability of 20%~61%, preferably 44%~61%, such as 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 36%, 40%, 42%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 52%, 53%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, and 60%.
[0069] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber can have crimp stability of 20%~60%, preferably 30%~60%.
[0070] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber has a linear density of 15~280 dtex, preferably 60~90 dtex, more preferably 65~80 dtex, even more preferably 65~75 dtex, such as 70.39 dtex, 70.4 dtex, 70.5 dtex, 71 dtex, 71.9 dtex, 72 dtex, 72.05 dtex, 73 dtex, 75 dtex, 76 dtex, 78 dtex, 82 dtex, 85 dtex, 88 dtex, 100 dtex, 120 dtex, 150 dtex, 180 dtex, 200 dtex, and 250 dtex.
[0071] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber has a linear density of 70~80 dtex or 75~90 dtex.
[0072] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber contains 12~100 filaments (f) , preferably 12~68f, such as 24f, 36f, 48f or 68f. Among them, the number of filaments is generally consistent with the number of orifices in the spinneret.
[0073] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber has a linear density of 75~90 dtex, and the polyamide self-crimping fiber contains 12~68 filaments.
[0074] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber has a linear density of 68~90 dtex, and the polyamide self-crimping fiber contains 12~68 filaments. For example, the specification of the polyamide fully drawn yarn is 70 dtex / 24f.
[0075] The breaking strength and elongation at break of the polyamide self-crimping fiber are measured herein according to the Chinese standard GB / T 14344-2008, and the initial modulus is calculated as the breaking strength corresponding to a breaking elongation of 1%multiplied by 100. The moisture regain of the polyamide self-crimping fiber is measured according to the Chinese standard GB / T 6503-2008; the boiling water shrinkage rate of the polyamide self-crimping fiber is measured according to the Chinese standard GB / T 6505-2008; the crimp contraction rate, crimp modulus, and crimp stability of the polyamide self-crimping fiber are measured according to the Chinese standard GB / T6506-2017; and the linear density of the polyamide self-crimping fiber is measured according to the Chinese standard GB / T 14344-2008.
[0076] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned polyamide self-crimping fiber, wherein the raw material for preparation comprises the above-mentioned composition.
[0077] In one embodiment, the method for preparing the polyamide self-crimping fiber comprises the following steps:
[0078] subjecting the first and second components to melting treatment separately to obtain the first and second melts; and
[0079] extruding the first and the second melts through spinneret of a spinning pack to obtain as-spun filaments;
[0080] wherein, the as-spun filaments include a first structure and a second structure, the first structure is connected and arranged side by side with the second structure, and the longitudinal directions of the first structure and the second structure are each aligned with a longitudinal direction of the polyamide self-crimping fiber; the first structure is formed by the first melt, and the second structure is formed by the second melt.
[0081] In one embodiment, the melting treatment of the first component and / or the second component is carried out in a screw extruder.
[0082] In one embodiment, the first melt and the second melt are respectively transported to the spinning manifold through the melt pipelines, and metered by a metering pump, then extruded into the spinning pack, and then sprayed with as-spun filaments (or filament bundles) through the spinneret of the spinning pack.
[0083] In one embodiment, the spinneret includes a deep baffle spinneret, a shallow baffle spinneret, a direct co-flow spinneret, an outlet co-flow spinneret, or an outlet external parallel flow spinneret.
[0084] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the spinneret orifices of the spinneret includes circular, 8-shaped, triangular, or dumb-bell shape.
[0085] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the 8-shaped spinneret orifice is composed of two tangential or adjacent circular orifices, where the cross-sectional radius r of the two circular orifices is the same, and the relationship between the distance between the centers of circles (D) of the two circular orifices and the cross-sectional radius r satisfies: D-2r=0.08~0.2 mm;and the D and r of the spinneret orifices meet the above limitations, making it easy to obtain fibers with clear dual component interfaces in cross-section.
[0086] In one embodiment, the D-2r of the spinneret orifice can be 0.09 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.14 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.16 mm, or 0.18 mm.
[0087] In one embodiment, the spinneret orifices are arranged in concentric circles on the spinneret.
[0088] In one embodiment, the spinneret is arranged with 8-shaped spinneret orifices arranged in concentric circles, where the 8-shaped spinneret orifices consist of two circular orifices with a number of orifices of 36, and D, r, and D-2r are 0.36 mm, 0.14 mm, and 0.08 mm, respectively.
[0089] In one embodiment, during the preparation process of the polyamide self-crimping fiber, the temperature of the spinning manifold of the spinning pack can be 250~300℃, preferably 260~280℃, such as 262℃, 265℃, 268℃, 270℃, 272℃, 275℃, 278℃ or 280℃.
[0090] In one embodiment, the as-spun filaments are subjected to drawing treatment to obtain pre-oriented yarns (POY) .
[0091] In one embodiment, the as-spun filaments are subjected to drawing treatment to obtain pre-oriented yarns, which are subjected to false twisting, hot drawing, heat setting, and winding to obtain draw textured yarns (DTY) .
[0092] In one embodiment, the as-spun filaments are subjected to hot drawing treatment, heat setting treatment, and winding treatment to obtain fully drawn yarns (FDY) .
[0093] In one embodiment, the as-spun filaments are pretreated before they are subjected to hot drawing treatment or drawing treatment to prepare pre-oriented yarns or fully drawn yarns. The pretreatment includes cooling treatment, oiling treatment, and / or pre-network treatment. Further, the cooling treatment can be cross air blasting cooling.
[0094] In one embodiment, the air blasting speed of the cross air blasting can be 0.3~0.8 m / s, preferably 0.4~0.7 m / s, such as 0.5 m / sor 0.8 m / s. The air blasting temperature of the cross air blasting can be 18~26℃, preferably 20~22℃, such as 19℃, 21℃, 23℃, or 25℃. The humidity of the cross air blasting can be 63%~92%, preferably 65%~75%, such as 68%, 70%, 72%, 74%, 80%or 90%.
[0095] In one embodiment, the oiling treatment can be carried out with conventional methods in the art, such as oiling with an oil nozzle.
[0096] In one embodiment, the method for preparing the polyamide self-crimping fiber comprises the following steps:
[0097] S11: subjecting the first and second components to melting treatment separately to obtain the first and second melts, respectively; and extruding the first and second melts through the spinneret of the spinning pack to obtain as-spun filaments comprising the connected first and second structures;
[0098] S12: subjecting the as-spun filaments to drawing treatment through a spinning nozzle to prepare pre-oriented yarns.
[0099] In one embodiment, the as-spun filaments can be formed by connecting the first structure and the second structure.
[0100] In one embodiment, the method for preparing the polyamide self-crimping fiber comprises the following steps:
[0101] S11: subjecting the first and second components to melting treatment separately to obtain the first and second melts, respectively; and extruding the first and second melts through the spinneret of the spinning pack to obtain as-spun filaments comprising the connected first and second structures;
[0102] S12: subjecting the as-spun filaments to drawing treatment through a spinning nozzle to prepare pre-oriented yarns;
[0103] S13: subjecting the pre-oriented yarns to false twisting, hot drawing, heat setting, and then winding to obtain draw textured yarns.
[0104] In one embodiment, in step S12, a winding machine is used to wind the pre-oriented yarns into shape, where the winding speed of the winding machine can be 2800~5000 m / min, preferably 3500~4500 m / min, such as 3800 m / min, 4000 m / min, 4100 m / min, and 4300 m / min.
[0105] In one embodiment, the drawing by the spinning nozzle in step S12 is performed between rollers at room temperature, which is known as cold drawing.
[0106] In one embodiment, a drawing ratio of the spinning nozzle in step S12 is 1.0~2.5, preferably 1.2~2.0, such as 1.28, 1.3, 1.32, 1.35, 1.38, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, or 1.8.
[0107] In one embodiment, the false twisting in step S13 is carried out on a false twister.
[0108] In one embodiment, the hot drawing and heat setting in step S13 are both completed on the heating plate and the front and rear godets. The heating plate provides a temperature channel, and the front and rear godets form a speed difference to achieve hot drawing.
[0109] In one embodiment, the false twisting in step S13 is carried out at a temperature of 120~190℃, preferably 140~180℃, such as 130℃, 135℃, 145℃, 150℃, 155℃, 160℃, 165℃, 170℃ or 175℃.
[0110] In one embodiment, the hot drawing ratio in step S13 is 1.0~2.5, preferably 1.2~2.0, such as 1.22, 1.28, 1.3, 1.32, 1.35, 1.38, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6 or 1.8.
[0111] In one embodiment, the winding speed in step S13 is 300~1000 m / min, preferably 500~700 m / min, such as 520 m / min, 550 m / min, 580 m / min, 600 m / min, 620 m / min, 650 m / min, or 680 m / min.
[0112] In one embodiment, the method for preparing the polyamide self-crimping fiber comprises the following steps:
[0113] S11: subjecting the first and second components to melting treatment separately to obtain the first and second melts, respectively; and extruding the first and second melts through the spinneret of the spinning pack to obtain as-spun filaments comprising the connected first and second structures;
[0114] S22: subjecting the as-spun filaments to hot drawing, heat setting, and then winding to obtain fully drawn yarns.
[0115] In one embodiment, the hot drawing and heat setting in step S22 are carried out among multiple pairs of heating godet rollers (HGRs) , and the number of heating godet rollers can be two or more pairs.
[0116] In one embodiment, the multiple pairs of heating godet rollers include a first pair of heating godet rollers (or HGR1) , a second pair of heating godet rollers (or HGR2) , and a third pair of heating godet rollers (or HGR3) .
[0117] In one embodiment, the temperature of the first pair of heating godet rollers can be 10~150℃, preferably 10~120℃ or 50~150℃, and more preferably 20~100℃ or 80~120℃, such as 30℃, 40℃, 50℃, 60℃, 70℃, 75℃, 80℃, 85℃, 90℃ or 95℃.
[0118] In one embodiment, the temperature of the second pair of heating godet rollers can be 120~180℃, preferably 140~160℃, such as 135℃, 140℃, 145℃, 150℃ or 160℃.
[0119] In one embodiment, the temperature of the third pair of heating godet rollers can be 10~150℃, preferably 10~120℃ or 50~150℃, more preferably 20~100℃ or 80~130℃, such as 30℃, 40℃, 50℃, 60℃, 70℃, 75℃, 80℃, 85℃ or 90℃.
[0120] In one embodiment, the temperatures of the first pair of heating godet rollers, the second pair of heating godet rollers, and the third pair of heating godet rollers are 70~100℃, 140~160℃, and 70~100℃, respectively.
[0121] In one embodiment, a main network treatment step is further included after the treatment in step S22.
[0122] In one embodiment, a hot drawing ratio in step S22 can be 2.0~5.0, preferably 2.0~4.0, such as 2.1, 2.8, 3, 3.05, 3.58, or 3.8.
[0123] In one embodiment, in step S22, a winding machine is used to wind the fully drawn yarn into shape, a winding speed of the winding machine can be 2800~5500 m / min, preferably 3500~5000 m / min or 3300~4800 m / min, and more preferably 4000~4500 m / min, such as 4000 m / min, 4100 m / min, 4300 m / min, or 4380 m / min.
[0124] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a polyamide fabric prepared by weaving raw materials, wherein the raw materials include the above-mentioned polyamide self-crimping fiber or the polyamide self-crimping fiber prepared by the above-mentioned method.
[0125] In one embodiment, the fabric is tested for elasticity after undergoing wet heat or dry heat treatment.
[0126] In one embodiment, an elastic recovery percentage at constant force (warp direction and / or weft direction) of the polyamide fabric is 80%~100%, preferably 85%~93%, such as 86%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, or 93%.
[0127] In one embodiment, an elongation at constant force (warp direction and / or weft direction) of the polyamide fabric is 15%~30%, preferably 20%~30%, such as 21%, 22%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, or 29%.
[0128] The elastic recovery percentage at constant force and elongation at constant force of the polyamide fabric are both measured according to the standard FZ / T 70006-2022.
[0129] In one embodiment, the polyamide fabric has a soft hand feel, which is evaluated by a subjective evaluation panel method. Its hand feel rating ranges from level 3 to 4, with level 4 being preferred.
[0130] In one embodiment, the polyamide fabric is a woven or knitted fabric. Among them, there are no specific limitations on the weaving or knitting process of the fabric, and well-known techniques in the art can be used.
[0131] In one embodiment, the polyamide self-crimping fiber can be used as warp and / or weft for weaving.
[0132] In one embodiment, the polyamide fabric can be plain weave structure or 1 / 3 twill weave.
[0133] In one embodiment, the polyamide fabric after heat treatment can have a shrinkage rate of 12%~27%, preferably 12%~14%or 17%~26%, such as 12%, 12.5%, 13%, 13.5%, 14%, 19%, 20%, or 25%; among them, the heat treatment is to keep the fabric in water at 100℃ for 30 minutes.
[0134] In one embodiment, the polyamide fabric after heat treatment can have a warp-wise shrinkage rate of 12%~27%, preferably 17%~26%or 20%~27%.
[0135] In one embodiment, the polyamide fabric after heat treatment can have a weft-wise shrinkage rate of 12%~27%, preferably 10%~16%or 15%~21%.
[0136] The polyamide self-crimping fiber in one embodiment of the present disclosure has good mechanical properties and excellent elastic properties, and is suitable for manufacturing elastic fabrics, and can obtain elastic fabrics with good moisture absorption, soft hand feel, and excellent crimp stability.
[0137] The polyamide self-crimping fiber in one embodiment of the present disclosure can be sourced from bio-based materials, which can effectively reduce carbon emissions.
[0138] For some polyamide self-crimping elastic fibers in existing technology, although the fibers themselves have elasticity, they may lose their elasticity after being prepared into fabrics, making the fabric feel harder or wrinkled. In order to solve this problem, one embodiment of the present disclosure significantly improves the elasticity of the fabric woven from fibers by limiting the viscosity difference between two polyamide raw materials of the self-crimping elastic fibers under high-temperature shear conditions to a specific range. Therefore, the fabric made from polyamide self-crimping fibers of one embodiment of the present disclosure can solve the problems of low elasticity and hard hand feel of existing fabrics.
[0139] The polyamide self-crimping fiber of one embodiment of the present disclosure and the fabric obtained therefrom both have good elasticity, as well as soft and fluffy hand feel, good dyeing property, wear resistance, and moisture absorption, etc.
[0140] The polyamide self-crimping fiber of one embodiment of the present disclosure features a simple preparation method and is suitable for commercial production.
[0141] The polyamide self-crimping fiber of one embodiment of the present disclosure and the fabric obtained therefrom can be sourced from bio-based materials, effectively reducing carbon emissions and being environmentally friendly.
[0142] The polyamide fabric of one embodiment of the present disclosure has a short weaving process flow, is easy to operate, and has low production cost, making it suitable for industrial production.
[0143] The preparation of a polyamide self-crimping fiber and its fabric of one embodiment of the present disclosure will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific Examples. Among them, the raw materials and testing methods involved in the Examples and Comparative examples are as follows.
[0144] 1. Raw materials
[0145] Polyamide 56, Polyamide 510, and Polyamide 512 were all purchased from Cathay (Jinxiang) Biomaterials Co., Ltd.;
[0146] Polyamide 6 was purchased from Jiangsu Ruimeifu Industrial Co., Ltd.;
[0147] The shear viscosity of polyamide 56, polyamide 510, and polyamide 6 was adjusted through solid-phase viscosity increasing; and the polyamide raw materials were dried to a water content of 450 ppm before spinning.
[0148] 2. Testing methods
[0149] 1) Shear viscosity of resin
[0150] The shear viscosity of polyamide was measured using a Kinexus Rosand RH7 capillary rheometer from NETZSCH, German at a temperature of 270℃, a shear rate of 10000 / s, a capillary aspect ratio of L / D=8, a capillary length of 4mm, and a capillary inner diameter of 0.5 mm.
[0151] 2) Linear density of fibers
[0152] The linear density of fibers was measured with reference to the Chinese standard GB / T 14343-2008 (Testing method for linear density of man-made filament yarns) .
[0153] 3) Mechanical properties of fibers
[0154] The mechanical properties of fibers were measured with reference to the Chinese standard GB / T 14344-2008 (Testing method for tensile of man-made filament yarns) . Wherein, when measuring the breaking strength and elongation at break of the fiber, a pretension of 0.05±0.005 cN / dtex was applied at a clamping distance of 500 mm and a drawing speed of 500 mm / min; and the initial modulus of the fiber is calculated as the breaking strength corresponding to a breaking elongation of 1%multiplied by 100.
[0155] 4) Moisture absorption performance of fibers
[0156] The fiber was oven-dried at 105℃ for 1 h, and placed in the standard atmosphere specified in the Chinese standard GB / T6529 for humidifying 2 h, and then the moisture regain was measured; the method for determining moisture regain was carried out in accordance with the Chinese standard GB / T 6503-2008 (Testing method for moisture regain of man-made fibers) . The moisture absorption performance of fibers is one of the important indicators for evaluating fibers, and fiber fabrics with higher moisture absorption have better wearing comfort.
[0157] 5) Boiling water shrinkage rate of fibers
[0158] According to the Chinese standard GB / T 6505-2008, the boiling water shrinkage rate was measured as S (%) = (L0-L1) / L0*100%; L0 is the length of the sample before heat treatment, in millimeters (mm) ; L1 is the length of the sample after heat treatment, in millimeters (mm) .
[0159] 6) Crimp performance of fibers
[0160] Crimp performance of fibers was measured with reference to the Chinese standard GB / T6506-2017 (Synthetic fiber-Test method for crimp contraction properties of textured filament) ; wherein, crimp contraction rate= ( (L1-L2) / L1) × 100%; crimp modulus= ( (L1-L3) / L1) × 100%; crimp stability= ( (L4-L1) / (L1-L2) ) × 100%;
[0161] After the fiber was subjected to a tension of 0.2 cN / dtex for 10 seconds, the length of fiber was measured as L1; after the fiber was subjected to a tension of 0.001 cN / dtex for 10 minutes, the length of fiber was measured as L2; after the fiber was subjected to a tension of 0.01 cN / dtex for 10 seconds, the length of fiber was measured as L3; and after the fiber was subjected to a tension of 1.0 cN / dtex for 10 seconds, the length of fiber was measured as L4.
[0162] 7) Fabric Hand Feel Evaluation
[0163] The softness, smoothness, and other properties of each experimental sample group were evaluated with a subjective evaluation panel method by a evaluation panel consisted of 24 panelists who rated the samples in order by touching them. Then, the average results were calculated using statistical methods. There were four levels of hand feel, with level 1 being the worst (i.e., hard) , level 2 taking the second place (i.e., relatively hard) , level 3 being better (i.e., relatively soft) , and level 4 being the best (i.e., soft) .
[0164] 8) Elastic recovery percentage at constant force and elongation at constant force of fabrics
[0165] According to the standard FZ / T 70006-2022, the two ends of the specimen in the length direction were smoothly fastened in the clamp holder, the instrument was initiated, and pre-tension was applied, the length was recorded as L1; when the predetermined force value (25N) was applied, the instrument was paused for 1 minute, and the drawing length L2 was automatically recorded by the instrument. The instrument was returned to the starting point, paused for 3 minutes, the length of the specimen when the pre-tension was applied was L3, then the length of the specimen at this time was automatically recorded, the test result was expressed as the average value of the test data of 3 specimens, and rounded to one decimal place according to GB / T 8170. Among them, the elastic recovery percentage at constant force is (L2-L3) / (L2-L1) , and the elongation at constant force is L2 / L1 *100%.
[0166] 9) Thermal shrinkage rate of fabrics
[0167] A piece of fabric was scissored and its warp and weft lengths were measured to be La0 and Lb0, respectively, which were accurate to millimeters. After the heat-treated fabric was oven-dried, it was placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber (at a temperature of 20℃, and a humidity of 65%) for conditioning at least 2 hours, then the specimen was placed on a flat and smooth horizontal surface without tension, and its warp and weft lengths were measured as La1 and Lb1, respectively. Its warp-wise shrinkage rate was calculated as (La0-La1) / La0, and its weft-wise shrinkage rate was calculated as (Lb0-Lb1) / Lb0.3 or more sets of data were tested for each piece of fabric and the average value was measured.
[0168] Example A1
[0169] S11: The first component polyamide 56 having a melting point of 254℃ and the second component polyamide 510 having a melting point of 217℃ were heated and molten separately, afterwards, the obtained two melts were separately transported to the composite spinning manifold, and the mass ratio of the two components was controlled at 50: 50 by adjusting the frequency of the metering pump, the melt was split through the spinneret and sprayed out from the spinneret orifices to form two polyamide structures, which were bonded to each other, forming as-spun filaments with a cross-section in the shape of peanuts; wherein, the temperature of the spinning manifold was 280℃; the terminal amino content, shear viscosity, and viscosity difference of polyamide 56 and polyamide 510 are shown in Table A1.
[0170] S12: The as-spun filaments obtained in step S11 was cooled by cross air blasting, oiled with an oil nozzle, pre-networked, and drawn by a spinning nozzle and wound and shaped by a winding machine between rollers at room temperature to obtain pre-oriented yarns (POY spool) ; wherein, the air blasting speed of the cross air blasting was 0.8 m / s, the air blasting temperature was 22℃, and the humidity was 68%; the winding speed of the winding machine was 4300 m / min, and the drawing ratio of the spinning nozzle was 1.35.
[0171] S13: The POY spool was subjected to false twist texturing, hot drawing on a heating plate and front and rear godets, and heat setting, then it was wound to obtain draw textured yarns (DTY) spool; wherein, the false twisting temperature was 158℃, the hot drawing ratio was 1.22, and the winding speed was 600 m / min.
[0172] Wherein, the bottom structure of the spinneret used in step S11 is shown in FIG. 1. There were 8-shaped spinneret orifices arranged on the spinneret 10, each 8-shaped spinneret orifice included two adjacent circular orifices, a first circular orifice 11 and a second circular orifice 12; the cross-sectional radii r of the first circular orifice 11 and the second circular orifice 12 were equal, and the distance between the centers of circles of the first circular orifice 11 and the second circular orifice 12 was D. Among them, the number of orifices in spinneret 10 was 36, and the numerical values of D, r, and D-2r were 0.36 mm, 0.14 mm, and 0.08 mm, respectively.
[0173] Examples A2~A6
[0174] Examples A2~A6 used essentially the same raw materials and processes as Example A1 to prepare polyamide self-crimping fibers, the difference only lied in that the raw materials polyamide 56 and polyamide 510 used had different terminal amino content and shear viscosity. See Table A1 for details.
[0175] Comparative Examples A1~A3
[0176] Comparative Examples A1~A3 used essentially the same raw materials and processes as Example A1 to prepare polyamide self-crimping fibers, the difference only lied in that the raw materials polyamide 56 and polyamide 510 used had different terminal amino content and shear viscosity. See Table A1 for details.
[0177] Comparative Example 4
[0178] Polyamide side-by-side composite fibers were prepared according to Example 3 of Patent Application CN117661149 A.
[0179] Application Example A1
[0180] The polyamide self-crimping fibers obtained from Example A1 were used as warp and weft for weaving to prepare Fabric A1, wherein the warp and weft density was 400*250 fibers / 10 cm, and the fabric had a 1 / 3 twill weave structure.
[0181] Application Example A2
[0182] Fabric A2 was woven using the same process as Application Example A1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared in Example A2 were used as warp and weft, and the fabric had a plain weave structure.
[0183] Application Example A3
[0184] Fabric A3 was woven using the same process as application Example A1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared in Example A4 were used as warp and weft, and the fabric had a plain weave structure.
[0185] Application Example A4
[0186] Fabric A4 was woven using the same process as application Example A1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared in Example A4 were used as warp and weft.
[0187] Application Example A5
[0188] Fabric A5 was woven using the same process as Application Example A1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared in Example A6 were used as warp and weft, and the fabric had a plain weave structure.
[0189] Application Example A6
[0190] Fabric A6 was woven using the same process as Application Example A1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared in Example A6 were used as warp and weft.
[0191] Comparative Application Example A1
[0192] Comparative Fabric A1 was woven using the same process as Application Example A1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared in Comparative Example A1 were used as warp and weft, and the fabric had a plain weave structure.
[0193] Comparative Application Example A2
[0194] Comparative Fabric A2 was woven using the same process as Application Example A1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared in Comparative Example A1 were used as warp and weft.
[0195] Comparative Application Example A3
[0196] Comparative Fabric 3 was woven using the same process as Application Example A1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared in Comparative Example 4 were used as warp and weft, and the fabric had a plain weave structure.
[0197] According to the aforementioned method, the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared in Examples A1 to A6 and Comparative Examples A1 to 4 were tested for their relevant properties. The results are shown in Table A2. Among them, when the crimp performance of fibers was tested, the fibers to be tested were all kept in water at 100℃ for 30 minutes for heat treatment, and then dried in the air before testing.
[0198] According to the aforementioned method, the fabrics prepared in Application Examples A1 to A6 and Comparative Application Examples A1 to 3 were tested for their relevant properties. The results are shown in Table A3. Among them, the fabrics to be tested were kept in water at 100℃ for 30 minutes for heat treatment, and then dried in the air, and tested for thermal shrinkage rate, elastic recovery percentage at constant force and elongation at constant force, and hand feel, etc., of the fabrics.
[0199] Table A1: Parameters of Polyamide Raw Materials In Examples A1 to A6 And Comparative Examples A1 to 4
[0200] Table A2: Performance Test Results of Polyamide Self-crimping Fibers in Examples A1 to A6 And Comparative Examples A1 to 4
[0201] Table A3: Test Results of Fabrics In Application Examples A1 to A6 and Comparative Examples A1 to 3
[0202] The cross-sectional photograph of the fiber prepared in Example A2 of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 2, where the cross-section of a single fiber is clearly visible as an “8” shape, and the dark and light colored parts represent the structures formed by two different polyamides, respectively, and the two structures have clear boundary. FIG. 3 shows the physical image of the three-dimensional spiral structure of the polyamide self-crimping fiber produced in Example A1 of the present disclosure, it can be seen therefrom that the fiber shows a crimping state.
[0203] According to Tables A1 and A2, it can be seen that the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared in Examples A1 to A6 of the present disclosure have higher crimp contraction rate and crimp stability compared to Comparative Examples A1 to A3, indicating that the elasticity of the fibers in Examples A1 to A6 is significantly better than that of the fibers in Comparative Examples A1 to A3. Therefore, the Examples of the present disclosure can prepare polyamide self-crimping fibers with better elasticity by using polyamide 56 and polyamide 510 with specific difference in shear viscosity as raw materials.
[0204] In addition, according to the results in Table A3, it can be seen that Fabrics A1 to A6 made from the polyamide self-crimping fibers in Examples of the present disclosure have better elasticity and hand feel compared to Comparative Example A1.
[0205] Although the fibers of Comparative Example 4 also have good elasticity, according to the results of Comparative Application Example 3 and Table A3, it can be seen that the elastic recovery percentage at constant force of Comparative Fabric 3 made from the fibers of Comparative Example 4 is much lower than that of Fabrics A1 to A6 made from the fibers of the Examples, and the shrinkage rate after heat treatment is significantly higher than that of Fabrics A1 to A6, indicating that the elasticity of Comparative Fabric 3 is poor. Moreover, Comparative Fabric 3 also has poor hand feel. FIG. 4 shows the physical images of Fabric A1 from Application Example A1 and Comparative Fabric 3 from Comparative Application Example 3, wherein the left (a) shows the Fabric A1 and the right (b) shows Comparative Fabric 3. From the drawings, it can be seen that Comparative Fabric 3 shows a larger and more wrinkled appearance compared to Fabric A1. It can be seen therefrom that even if the polyamide self-crimping fibers have good elasticity, it is not necessarily possible to prepare fabrics with good elasticity.
[0206] Example B1
[0207] S11: The first component polyamide 56 having a melting point of 254℃ and the second component polyamide 6 having a melting point of 226℃ were heated and molten separately, afterwards, the obtained two melts were separately transported to the composite spinning manifold, and a mass ratio of the two components was controlled at 50: 50 by adjusting the frequency of the metering pump, the melt was split through the spinneret and sprayed out from the spinneret orifices to form two polyamide structures, which were bonded to each other, forming as-spun filaments with a cross-section in the shape of peanuts; wherein, the temperature of the spinning manifold was 280℃; the terminal amino group, shear viscosity, and viscosity difference of polyamide 56 and polyamide 6 are shown in Table B1.
[0208] S12: The as-spun filaments obtained in step S11 were cooled by cross air blasting, oiled with an oil nozzle, pre-networked, and drawn by a spinning nozzle and wound and shaped by a winding machine between rollers at room temperature to obtain pre-oriented yarns (POY spool) ; wherein, the air blasting speed of the cross air blasting was 0.8 m / s, the air blasting temperature was 22℃, and the humidity was 68%; the winding speed of the winding machine was 4300 m / min, and the drawing ratio of the spinning nozzle was 1.35.
[0209] S13: The POY spool was subjected to false twist texturing, hot drawing on a heating plate and front and rear godets, and heat setting, then it was wound to obtain a draw textured yarn (DTY) spool; wherein, the false twisting temperature was 158℃, the hot drawing ratio was 1.22, and the winding speed was 600 m / min.
[0210] Wherein, the bottom structure of the spinneret used in step S11 is shown in FIG. 1. There were 8-shaped spinneret orifices arranged on the spinneret 10, each 8-shaped spinneret orifice included two adjacent circular orifices, a first circular orifice 11 and a second circular orifice 12; the cross-sectional radii r of the first circular orifice 11 and the second circular orifice 12 were equal, and the distance between the centers of circles of the first circular orifice 11 and the second circular orifice 12 was D. Among them, the number of orifices in spinneret 10 was 36, and the numerical values of D, r, and D-2r were 0.36 mm, 0.14 mm, and 0.08 mm, respectively.
[0211] Example B2~B6
[0212] Examples B2~B6 used essentially the same raw materials and processes as Example B1 to prepare polyamide self-crimping fibers, the difference only lied in that the raw materials polyamide 56 and polyamide 6 used had different terminal amino group and shear viscosity. See Table B1 for details.
[0213] Comparative Examples B1~B3
[0214] Comparative Examples B1~B3 used essentially the same raw materials and processes as Example B1 to prepare polyamide fibers, the difference only lied in that the raw materials polyamide 56 and polyamide 6 used had different terminal amino group and shear viscosity. See Table B1 for details.
[0215] Application Example B1
[0216] The polyamide self-crimping fibers obtained from Example B1 were used as warp and weft for weaving to prepare Fabric B1, wherein the warp and weft density was 400*250 fibers / 10 cm, and the fabric had a 1 / 3 twill weave structure.
[0217] Application Example B2
[0218] Fabric B2 was woven using the same process as Application Example B1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared in Example B2 were used as warp and weft, and the fabric had a plain weave structure.
[0219] Application Example B3
[0220] Fabric B3 was woven using the same process as Application Example B1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared in Example B4 were used as warp and weft, and the fabric had a plain weave structure.
[0221] Application Example B4
[0222] Fabric B4 was woven using the same process as Application Example B1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared in Example B4 were used as warp and weft.
[0223] Application Example B5
[0224] Fabric B5 was woven using the same process as Application Example B1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared in Example B6 were used as warp and weft, and the fabric had a plain weave structure.
[0225] Application Example B6
[0226] Fabric B6 was woven using the same process as Application Example B1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared in Example B6 were used as warp and weft.
[0227] Comparative Application Example B1
[0228] Comparative Fabric B1 was woven using the same process as Application Example B1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide fibers prepared in Comparative Example B1 were used as warp and weft, and the fabric had a plain weave structure.
[0229] Comparative Application Example B2
[0230] Comparative Fabric B2 was woven using the same process as Application Example B1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide fibers prepared in Comparative Example B1 were used as warp and weft.
[0231] According to the aforementioned method, the polyamide fibers prepared in Examples B1 to B6 and Comparative Examples B1 to B3 were tested for their relevant properties. The results are shown in Table B2. Among them, when the crimp performance of fibers was tested, the fibers to be tested were all kept in water at 100℃ for 30 minutes for heat treatment, and then dried in the air before testing.
[0232] According to the aforementioned method, the fabrics prepared in Application Examples B1 to B6 and Comparative Application Examples B1 to B2 were tested for their relevant properties. The results are shown in Table B3. Among them, the fabrics to be tested were kept in water at 100℃ for 30 minutes for heat treatment, and then dried in the air, and tested for thermal shrinkage rate, elastic recovery percentage at constant force and elongation at constant force, and hand feel, etc., of the fabrics.
[0233] Table B1: Parameters of Polyamide Raw Materials In Examples B1 to B6 And Comparative Examples B1 to 4
[0234] Table B2: Performance Test Results of Polyamide Self-crimping Fibers in Examples B1 to B6 And Comparative Examples B1 to 4
[0235] Table B3: Test Results of Fabrics In Application Examples B1 to B6 and Comparative Examples B1 to 3
[0236] FIG. 5 shows the physical image of the three-dimensional spiral structure of the polyamide self-crimping fiber produced in Example B1 of the present disclosure, it can be seen therefrom that the fiber shows a crimping state.
[0237] According to Tables B1 and B2, it can be seen that the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared in Examples B1 to B6 of the present disclosure have higher crimp contraction rate and crimp stability compared to Comparative Examples B1 to B3, indicating that the elasticity of the fibers in Examples B1 to B6 is significantly better than that of the fibers in Comparative Examples B1 to B3. Therefore, the Examples of the present disclosure can prepare polyamide self-crimping fibers with better elasticity by using polyamide 56 and polyamide 6 with specific difference in shear viscosity as raw materials.
[0238] Further, according to Table B2, it can be seen that the PA56+PA6 fibers in Examples B1 to B6 of the present disclosure have higher moisture regain and better moisture absorption performance compared to the fibers of PA56+PA56 / 5I in Comparative Example 4, and are more suitable for preparing fabric and can be applied in fields such as clothing, etc.
[0239] In addition, according to the results in Table B3, it can be seen that Fabrics B1 to B6 made from the polyamide self-crimping fibers in Examples of the present disclosure have better elasticity and hand feel compared to Comparative Example B1. FIG. 6 shows the physical images of Fabric B2 from the Application Example B2 and Comparative Fabric B1 from Comparative Application Example B1, wherein the left (a’) shows Fabric B2 and the right (b’) shows Comparative Fabric B1. From the drawing, it can be seen that Comparative Fabric B1 shows more wrinkled appearance compared to Fabric B2, while the Fabric B2 shows very flat appearance.
[0240] Although the fibers of Comparative Example 4 also have good elasticity, according to the results of Comparative Application Example 3 and Table B3, it can be seen that the elastic recovery percentage at constant force of Comparative Fabric 3 made from the fibers of Comparative Example 4 is much lower than that of Fabrics B1 to B6 made from the fibers of the Examples, and the shrinkage rate after heat treatment is significantly higher than that of Fabrics B1 to B6, indicating that the elasticity of Comparative Fabric 3 is poor. Moreover, Comparative Fabric 3 also has poor hand feel. It can be seen therefrom that even if the polyamide self-crimping fibers such as polyamide 56 / 5I side-by-side composite fibers have good elasticity themselves, it is not necessarily possible to prepare fabrics with good elasticity. Example C1
[0241] S11: The first component polyamide 56 having a melting point of 254℃ and the second component polyamide 510 having a melting point of 217℃ were heated and molten separately, afterwards, the obtained two melts were separately transported to the composite spinning manifold, and a mass ratio of the two components was controlled at 50: 50 by adjusting the frequency of the metering pump, the melt was split through the spinneret and sprayed out from the spinneret orifices to form two polyamide structures, which were bonded to each other, forming as-spun filaments with a cross-section in the shape of peanuts; wherein, the temperature of the spinning manifold was 280℃; the terminal amino content, shear viscosity, and viscosity difference of polyamide 56 and polyamide 510 are shown in Table C1.
[0242] S22: The as-spun filaments obtained in step S11 was cooled by cross air blasting, oiled with an oil nozzle, pre-networked, hot drawn, heat set and wound by a winding machine into shape to obtain fully drawn yarns (FDY) ; wherein, the air blasting speed of the cross air blasting was 0.8 m / s, the air blasting temperature was 22℃, and the humidity was 68%; the winding speed was 4300 m / min and the hot drawing ratio was 3.25; the hot drawing and heat setting were both carried out among three pairs of heating godets, and the temperatures of the first pair of heating godets, the second pair of heating godets, and the third pair of heating godets were 80℃, 150℃, and 80℃, respectively.
[0243] Wherein, the bottom structure of the spinneret used in step S11 is shown in FIG. 1. There were 8-shaped spinneret orifices arranged on the spinneret 10, each 8-shaped spinneret orifice included two adjacent circular orifices, a first circular orifice 11 and a second circular orifice 12; the cross-sectional radii r of the first circular orifice 11 and the second circular orifice 12 were equal, and the distance between the centers of circles of the first circular orifice 11 and the second circular orifice 12 was D. Among them, the number of orifices in spinneret 10 was 36, and the numerical values of D, r, and D-2r were 0.36 mm, 0.14 mm, and 0.08 mm, respectively.
[0244] Example C2~C6
[0245] Examples C2~C6 used essentially the same raw materials and processes as Example C1 to prepare polyamide fully drawn yarns, the difference only lied in that the raw materials polyamide 56 and polyamide 510 used had different terminal amino content and shear viscosity. See Table C1 for details.
[0246] Comparative Examples C1~C3
[0247] Comparative Examples C1~C3 used essentially the same raw materials and processes as Example C1 to prepare polyamide fully drawn yarns, the difference only lied in that the raw materials polyamide 56 and polyamide 510 used had different terminal amino content and shear viscosity. See Table C1 for details.
[0248] Comparative Examples C4
[0249] Comparative Examples C4 used essentially the same processes as Example C1 to prepare polyamide fully drawn yarns, the difference only lied in that the raw materials used were polyamide 56 and polyamide 512. See Table C1 for details.
[0250] Application Example C1
[0251] The polyamide fully drawn yarns obtained from Example C1 were used as warp and weft for weaving to prepare Fabric C1, wherein the warp and weft density was 400*250 fibers / 10 cm, and the fabric had a 1 / 3 twill weave structure.
[0252] Application Example C2
[0253] Fabric C2 was woven using the same process as application example C1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide fully drawn yarns prepared in Example C2 were used as warp and weft, and the fabric had a plain weave structure.
[0254] Application Example C3
[0255] Fabric C3 was woven using the same process as Application Example C1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide fully drawn yarns prepared in Example C4 were used as warp and weft, and the fabric had a plain weave structure.
[0256] Application Example C4
[0257] Fabric C4 was woven using the same process as Application Example C1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide fully drawn yarns prepared in Example C4 were used as warp and weft.
[0258] Application Example C5
[0259] Fabric C5 was woven using the same process as Application Example C1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide fully drawn yarns prepared in Example C6 were used as warp and weft, and the fabric had a plain weave structure.
[0260] Application Example C6
[0261] Fabric C6 was woven using the same process as Application Example C1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide fully drawn yarns prepared in Example C6 were used as warp and weft.
[0262] Comparative Application Example C1
[0263] Comparative Fabric C1 was woven using the same process as Application Example C1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide fully drawn yarns prepared in Comparative Example C1 were used as warp and weft, and the fabric had a plain weave structure.
[0264] Comparative Application Example C2
[0265] Comparative Fabric C2 was woven using the same process as Application Example C1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide fully drawn yarns prepared in Comparative Example C1 were used as warp and weft.
[0266] Comparative Application Example C3
[0267] Comparative Fabric C3 was woven using the same process as Application Example C1, the difference only lied in that the polyamide fully drawn yarns prepared in Comparative Example C4 were used as warp and weft, and the fabric had a plain weave structure.
[0268] According to the aforementioned method, the polyamide fully drawn yarns prepared in Examples C1 to C6 and Comparative Examples C1 to C4 were tested for their relevant properties. The results are shown in Table C2. Among them, when the crimp performance of fibers was tested, the fibers to be tested were all kept in water at 100℃ for 30 minutes for heat treatment, and then dried in the air before testing.
[0269] According to the aforementioned method, the fabrics prepared in Application Examples C1 to C6 and Comparative Application Examples C1 to C3 were tested for their relevant properties. The results are shown in Table C3. Among them, the fabrics to be tested were kept in water at 100℃ for 30 minutes for heat treatment, and then dried in the air, and tested for thermal shrinkage rate, elastic recovery percentage at constant force and elongation at constant force, and hand feel, etc., of the fabrics.
[0270] Table C1: Parameters of Polyamide Raw Materials In Examples C1 to C6 And Comparative Examples C1 to C4
[0271] Table C2: Performance Test Results of Polyamide Fully Drawn Yarns in Examples C1 to C6 And Comparative Examples C1 to C4
[0272] Table C3: Test Results of Fabrics In Application Examples C1 to C6 and Comparative Application Examples C1 to C3
[0273] The cross-sectional photograph of the fiber prepared in Example C2 of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 7, where the cross-section of a single fiber is clearly visible as an “8” shape, and the dark and light colored parts represent the structures formed by two different polyamides, respectively, and the two structures have clear boundary. FIG. 8 shows the physical image of the three-dimensional spiral structure of the polyamide fully drawn yarn produced in Example C1 of the present disclosure, it can be seen therefrom that the fiber shows a crimping state.
[0274] According to Tables C1 and C2, it can be seen that the polyamide fully drawn yarns prepared in Examples C1 to C6 of the present disclosure have higher crimp contraction rate and / or crimp stability compared to Comparative Examples C1 to C4, indicating that the elasticity of the fibers in Examples C1 to C6 is significantly better than that of the fibers in Comparative Examples C1 to C4. Therefore, the Examples of the present disclosure can prepare polyamide fully drawn yarns with better elasticity by using polyamide 56 and polyamide 510 with specific difference in shear viscosity as raw materials.
[0275] In addition, according to the results in Table C3, it can be seen that Fabrics C1 to C6 made from the polyamide fully drawn yarns in Examples of the present disclosure have better elasticity and hand feel compared to Comparative Example C1. FIG. 9 shows the physical images of Fabric C2 from Application Example C2 and Comparative Fabric C1 from Comparative Application Example C1, wherein the left (a”) shows Fabric C2 and the right (b”) shows Comparative Fabric C1. From the drawing, it can be seen that Comparative Fabric C1 shows more wrinkled appearance compared to Fabric C2, while Fabric C2 shows very flat appearance.
[0276] Further, according to Table C2, it can be seen that the polyamide fully drawn yarns in Examples C1 to C6 of the present disclosure have higher moisture regain and better moisture absorption performance compared to the fibers in Comparative Example C4, and are more suitable for preparing fabric and can be applied in fields such as clothing, etc.
[0277] Unless specially limited, the terms as used in the present disclosure have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art.
[0278] Embodiments described in the present disclosure are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art may make various other substitutions, changes, and improvements within the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments and is limited only by the claims.
Claims
1.A polyamide composition comprisinga first component that includes polyamide 56; anda second component that includes polyamide X, wherein the polyamide X comprises polyamide 510 and / or polyamide 6;wherein a mass ratio of the first component to the second component is (40~60) : (40~60) ; and a difference between a shear viscosity V56 of the first component and a shear viscosity VX of the second component satisfies: V56 -VX=15~70 Pa·s;wherein, V56 and VX are the shear viscosities of the first component and the second component, respectively, measured by a capillary rheometer at a testing temperature of 270℃and a shear rate of 10000 s-1.2.The polyamide composition according to claim 1, wherein: V56 -VX=26~70 Pa·s; and / orthe shear viscosity V56 of the first component is 30~90 Pa·s; and / orthe shear viscosity VX of the second component is 20~80 Pa·s; and / ora mass ratio of the first component to the second component is (45~55) : (45~55) .3.The polyamide composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, V56 -VX=15~66 Pa·s; and / orthe shear viscosity V56 of the first component is 50~90 Pa·s; and / orthe shear viscosity VX of the second component is 20~60 Pa·s; and / ora mass ratio of the first component to the second component is (48~53) : (48~53) .4.The polyamide composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: V56 -VX=26~65 Pa·s; and / orthe shear viscosity V56 of the first component is 55~88 Pa·s; and / orthe shear viscosity VX of the second component is 20~50 Pa·s; and / ora mass ratio of the first component to the second component is (49~51) : (49~51) ; and / orthe polyamide 56 has a terminal amino content of 15~60 mmol / kg; and / orthe polyamide X has a terminal amino content of 10~55 mmol / kg; and / orthe first component has a melting point of 250~256℃; and / orthe second component has a melting point of 215~226℃.5.The polyamide composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: V56 -VX=30~65 Pa·s; and / orthe shear viscosity VX of the second component is 23~45 Pa·s; and / orthe polyamide 56 has a terminal amino content of 25~60 mmol / kg; and / orthe polyamide X has a terminal amino content of 20~55 mmol / kg; and / orthe second component has a melting point of 215~218℃ or 220~226℃.6.A polyamide self-crimping fiber comprising:a first structure formed from a first component; anda second structure formed from a second component,wherein the first structure is connected and arranged side by side with the second structure, and longitudinal directions of the first structure and the second structure are each aligned with a longitudinal direction of the polyamide self-crimping fiber;wherein, the first component comprises polyamide 56, the second component comprises polyamide X, and the polyamide X comprises polyamide 510 and / or polyamide 6;wherein a mass ratio of the first component to the second component is (40~60) : (40~60) ; andwherein a difference between a shear viscosity V56 of the first component and a shear viscosity VX of the second component satisfies: V56 -VX=15~70 Pa·s;wherein V56 and VX are shear viscosities of the first component and the second component, respectively, measured by a capillary rheometer at a testing temperature of 270℃and a shear rate of 10000 s-1.7.The polyamide self-crimping fiber according to claim 6, wherein: V56 -VX=26~70 Pa·s; and / orthe shear viscosity V56 of the first component is 30~90 Pa·s; and / orthe shear viscosity VX of the second component is 20~80 Pa·s; and / ora mass ratio of the first component to the second component is (45~55) : (45~55) ; and / orthe polyamide self-crimping fiber is a fully drawn yarn, a pre-oriented yarn, or a draw textured yarn.8.The polyamide self-crimping fiber according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: V56 -VX=15~66 Pa·s; and / orthe shear viscosity V56 of the first component is 50~90 Pa·s; and / orthe shear viscosity VX of the second component is 20~60 Pa·s; and / ora mass ratio of the first component to the second component is (48~53) : (48~53) .9.The polyamide self-crimping fiber according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein: V56 -VX=26~65 Pa·s; and / orthe shear viscosity V56 of the first component is 55~88 Pa·s; and / orthe shear viscosity VX of the second component is 20~50 Pa·s; and / ora mass ratio of the first component to the second component is (49~51) : (49~51) ; and / orthe polyamide 56 has a terminal amino content of 15~60 mmol / kg; and / orthe polyamide X has a terminal amino content of 10~55 mmol / kg; and / orthe first component has a melting point of 250~256℃; and / orthe second component has a melting point of 215~226℃.10.The polyamide self-crimping fiber according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein: V56 -VX=30~65 Pa·s; and / orthe shear viscosity VX of the second component is 23~45 Pa·s; and / orthe polyamide 56 has a terminal amino content of 25~60 mmol / kg; and / orthe polyamide X has a terminal amino content of 20~55 mmol / kg; and / orthe second component has a melting point of 215~218℃ or 220~226℃.11.A polyamide self-crimping fiber according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein:the polyamide self-crimping fiber has a breaking strength of 2.0~4.5 cN / dtex; and / orthe polyamide self-crimping fiber has an elongation at break of 20%~40%; and / orthe polyamide self-crimping fiber has an initial modulus of 16~30 cN / dtex; and / orthe polyamide self-crimping fiber has a boiling water shrinkage rate of 8%~15%; and / orthe polyamide self-crimping fiber has a crimp contraction rate of 20%~60%; and / orthe polyamide self-crimping fiber has a crimp modulus of 4%~31%; and / orthe polyamide self-crimping fiber has crimp stability of 20%or more.12.A method for preparing a polyamide self-crimping fiber, wherein:the raw materials for preparation comprise the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5.13.The method according to claim 12 comprising the following steps:subjecting the first and second components to melting treatment separately to obtain the first and second melts; andextruding the first and the second melts through the spinneret of the spinning pack to obtain as-spun filaments;wherein, the as-spun filaments include a first structure and a second structure, the first structure is connected and arranged side by side with the second structure, and the longitudinal directions of the first structure and the second structure are each aligned with a longitudinal direction of the polyamide self-crimping fiber; the first structure is formed by the first melt, and the second structure is formed by the second melt.14.The method according to claim 13, wherein:the as-spun filaments are subjected to drawing treatment to obtain pre-oriented yarns; orthe as-spun filaments are subjected to hot drawing treatment, heat setting treatment, and winding treatment to obtain fully drawn yarns; orthe as-spun filaments are subjected to drawing treatment to obtain pre-oriented yarns, which are subjected to false twisting, hot drawing, heat setting, and winding to obtain draw textured yarns.15.A polyamide fabric prepared by weaving raw materials, the raw materials comprise the polyamide self-crimping fibers according to any one of claims 6 to 11 or the polyamide self-crimping fibers prepared by the method according to any one of claims 12 to 14.
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