Apparatus for producing biochar from high moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthesis gas

Abstract

According to the present invention, synthesis gas generated by initial ignition is discharged to the outside, and then hot air generated by filtration and combustion is injected into the lower part of a carbonization furnace to dry biomass so that pyrolysis can occur. Therefore, when producing biochar, pyrolysis is carried out using the heat generated from the biomass itself without using any energy other than the energy used during the initial ignition and the electrical energy of a blower for suctioning the synthesis gas, energy consumption can be reduced by utilizing the energy generated during the pyrolysis, high-moisture biomass can also be pyrolyzed, and the time required to produce biochar can be reduced. In particular, the present invention is configured so that the hot air spreads upward from the middle of the lower part of the carbonization furnace, and thus the hot air can be made to spread quickly and evenly throughout the biomass to further reduce the drying time and pyrolysis time of the biomass.

Description

A device that produces biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthetic gas.

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for manufacturing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthesis gas, and more specifically, a device is provided that supplies synthesis gas (Syngas) generated during the pyrolysis process in a carbonization furnace, combusts the obtained hot air, and configures a conduit so that the hot air can be supplied from the bottom to the top of the carbonization furnace in the opposite direction of the pyrolysis, and in the carbonization space, ignition is configured to occur only for a predetermined time at the top of the biomass, thereby recycling the syngas generated through pyrolysis to dry the biomass and achieve pyrolysis, thereby enabling the manufacture of high-carbon biochar in a short time using minimal energy. At this time, the hot air is supplied so as to be evenly distributed from the center of the bottom of the carbonization furnace, thereby increasing the drying efficiency of the biomass, enabling pyrolysis to occur in a short time, and reducing the manufacturing time. This reduces energy use, and thus further increases the amount of greenhouse gases removed.

[0002] Biochar is a carbonized material produced by heating biomass at high temperatures and in oxygen-deficient conditions. Biochar can be produced from a variety of biomass sources, including agricultural waste, wood waste, plant residues, sewage sludge, and food waste. It is used in a variety of fields, including soil conditioners, animal feed, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and chemicals.

[0003]

[0004] The following (Patent Document 1) to (Patent Document 3) disclose a technology for producing such biochar.

[0005] (Patent Document 1) Korean Patent No. 10-2382262

[0006] A biochar manufacturing device and method equipped with a split temperature control and cooling facility are disclosed. The disclosed biochar manufacturing device equipped with a split temperature control and cooling facility comprises: a pyrolysis device comprising a heating heater unit having a heating space inside, and a pyrolysis reactor that accommodates biomass inside and is inserted into the heating space so that a carbonization process of the biomass proceeds by heat supply from the heating heater unit; It includes a control unit for controlling the temperature of the above heating heater unit, wherein the control unit performs a first temperature control to first supply heat to the biomass side at a temperature of 30 to 70% of a preset temperature according to a carbonization temperature condition so that primary drying and carbonization of the biomass can be performed, and then, a second temperature control to secondarily supply heat to the biomass side at the preset temperature so that secondary carbonization of the biomass can be performed, thereby generating a homogeneous biochar through gradual temperature control, and is characterized in that the heat supply can be controlled in stages as well as the heat supply can be controlled according to the discharge biogas flow rate value.

[0007]

[0008] (Patent Document 2) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2022-0095008

[0009] A biochar manufacturing device for manufacturing bioplastics that maximizes carbon content while minimizing volatile components contained in the fiber structure of biomass, the manufacturing device comprises: a dryer; a crusher provided on one side of the dryer; a hopper provided on one side of the crusher; an inclined screw connected to the hopper; a pyrolysis tank provided at a lower portion of the inclined screw; a heater surrounding the pyrolysis tank; an exhaust pump connected to an upper surface of the other end of the pyrolysis tank; a gas cylinder connected to an upper surface of one end of the pyrolysis tank; a connection port connected to a lower portion of the other end of the pyrolysis tank; a cooling tank connected to a lower portion of the connection port; and a crusher provided at a lower portion of one end of the cooling tank.

[0010]

[0011] (Patent Document 3) Korean Patent No. 10-2382262

[0012] A biochar manufacturing device and method equipped with a split temperature control and cooling facility are disclosed. The disclosed biochar manufacturing device equipped with a split temperature control and cooling facility comprises: a pyrolysis device comprising a heating heater unit having a heating space inside, and a pyrolysis reactor that accommodates biomass inside and is inserted into the heating space so that a carbonization process of the biomass proceeds by heat supply from the heating heater unit; It includes a control unit for controlling the temperature of the above heating heater unit, wherein the control unit performs a first temperature control to first supply heat to the biomass side at a temperature of 30 to 70% of a preset temperature according to a carbonization temperature condition so that primary drying and carbonization of the biomass can be performed, and then, a second temperature control to secondarily supply heat to the biomass side at the preset temperature so that secondary carbonization of the biomass can be performed, thereby generating a homogeneous biochar through gradual temperature control, and is characterized in that the heat supply can be controlled in stages as well as the heat supply can be controlled according to the discharge biogas flow rate value.

[0013] [Prior Art Literature]

[0014] [Patent Document]

[0015] (Patent Document 1) Korean Patent No. 10-2382262 (Registration Date: March 30, 2022)

[0016] (Patent Document 2) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2022-0095008 (Published: July 6, 2022)

[0017] (Patent Document 3) Korean Patent No. 10-2382262 (Registration Date: March 30, 2022)

[0018]

[0019] However, these existing biochar manufacturing technologies have the following problems:

[0020] (1) Heaters, etc. must be installed inside or around the pyrolysis tank, dried biomass must be fed into the pyrolysis tank, and energy must be continuously supplied to the pyrolysis tank through the heaters, etc.

[0021] (2) This means that energy consumption continues during the thermal decomposition of biomass, which reduces energy efficiency.

[0022] (3) In particular, in the process of making biochar, thermal decomposition occurs when the moisture content of the biomass becomes “0” due to drying of the raw material. However, when the moisture content of the biomass is high, thermal decomposition does not occur well, which increases energy consumption.

[0023] (4) For example, organic wastes such as chili pepper stalks, soybean stalks, dried persimmons, wood chips, livestock manure, sewage sludge, and food waste have high moisture content. Therefore, to produce biochar from one ton of this organic waste with a moisture content of 50%, drying alone consumes 400,000 kcal of energy and costs approximately 60,000 won.

[0024] (5) Therefore, biomass with such a high moisture content requires a separate drying process until it has a moisture content that can produce biochar in a carbonization furnace, or even if biochar is produced in a carbonization furnace, it is not economical because it requires a lot of energy and may result in greenhouse gas emissions rather than greenhouse gas removal.

[0025] (6) In particular, biomass with high moisture content generates steam with high moisture content when carbonized in a carbonizer, which hinders thermal decomposition occurring in the carbonizer.

[0026]

[0027] The present invention has taken these points into consideration, and by configuring a device for manufacturing biochar using hot air recycled from synthesis gas, which dries the biomass by discharging the synthesis gas generated by initial ignition from the upper part of the dried biomass to the outside, filtering and incinerating the generated hot air, into the lower part of the carbonization furnace, thereby drying the biomass and allowing pyrolysis to occur, thereby using no energy other than the energy used for initial ignition and the electric energy of the blower that sucks in the synthesis gas when manufacturing biochar, and thereby performing pyrolysis using the heat generated from the biomass itself, and which not only reduces energy consumption by utilizing the energy generated during the pyrolysis process, but also allows pyrolysis of high-moisture biomass and reduces the manufacturing time of the biochar, the purpose of which is to provide a device for manufacturing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthesis gas.

[0028] In particular, the present invention provides a device for manufacturing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthesis gas, which is configured to spread the hot air upward from the lower center of the carbonization furnace, thereby rapidly and evenly spreading it throughout the biomass, thereby further reducing the drying time and pyrolysis time of the biomass and improving the quality of the biochar. Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for manufacturing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air.

[0029] In addition, the present invention detects the pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the carbonization furnace, and controls the supply amount of hot air through a pressurized fan to maintain a constant pressure inside the carbonization furnace, thereby controlling the amount of hot air supplied according to the properties of the biomass, thereby further reducing the drying time and pyrolysis time, thereby providing a device for manufacturing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthetic gas. Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for manufacturing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air, which can detect the pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the carbonization furnace, and control the supply amount of hot air through a pressurized fan to maintain a constant pressure inside the carbonization furnace, thereby controlling the amount of hot air supplied according to the properties of the biomass.

[0030] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a device for producing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthesis gas, comprising: a carbonization furnace (100) arranged vertically and having a carbonization space (110) for receiving a predetermined amount of biomass (BM) therein; an air distribution space (120) provided at the bottom of the carbonization space (110) for evenly distributing hot air supplied from the outside into the carbonization space (110); and an ignition device (130) for initially igniting the biomass (BM) so that the biomass (BM) can be thermally decomposed; a cyclone (200) connected to the upper portion of the carbonization furnace (100) for separating dust and tar from synthesis gas (Syngas) generated in the carbonization furnace (100) and discharged to the outside; and a cooler (300) for cooling the dust and tar in the synthesis gas (Syngas); It is characterized in that it includes a combustor (400) that receives and combusts at least a portion of the synthesis gas (Syngas) cooled and discharged from the cooler (300); the combustor (400) includes an inlet fan (410) that discharges the synthesis gas (Syngas) generated in the upper portion of the carbonization furnace (100) to the combustor (400); and a pressure fan (420) that uses the pressure difference (dP) detected between the inlet and outlet portions of the carbonization furnace (100) to supply hot air obtained by combustion in the combustor (400) to the air distribution space (120) so that the pressure difference (dP) is maintained constant.

[0031] In particular, the hot air supplied to the lower part of the carbonization furnace (100) through the pressurized fan (420) is characterized in that it spreads evenly upward from the lower central part of the carbonization furnace (100), thereby allowing the biomass (BM) to be dried evenly and quickly, thereby reducing the carbonization time.

[0032] In addition, the heat source generated by combustion of gas generated by pyrolysis of biomass in the combustor (400) is characterized in that it is recycled by supplying it to a place where the heat source is needed.

[0033] The device for producing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthesis gas according to the present invention has the following effects.

[0034] (1) By configuring the biomass to be pyrolyzed by initially igniting it for a predetermined period of time, for example, 2 to 5 minutes, and then filtering and combusting the synthesis gas generated by pyrolysis, and drying the biomass with the hot air obtained, the energy consumption can be minimized.

[0035] (2) In addition, by supplying hot air in this way to dry biomass, not only can the time required to manufacture biochar be reduced, but also high-moisture biomass can be thermally decomposed while being dried.

[0036] (3) In addition, the hot air is configured to be sprayed from the bottom to the bottom of the carbonization furnace and rise upwards, so that it is evenly supplied within the carbonization space, and the entire biomass can be uniformly dried and thermally decomposed.

[0037] (4) Meanwhile, hot air is supplied to the carbonization furnace using a pressurized fan, and the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the carbonization furnace is detected, and the amount of hot air supplied is adjusted so that the pressure difference can be maintained constant, thereby enabling the rapid production of biochar having constant performance even when the properties of the raw materials used in biochar production are different.

[0038] (5) In addition, the gas generated by the thermal decomposition of biomass can be combusted to supply the remaining heat source, excluding the hot air used to dry the biomass, to places where heat sources are needed, such as dryers, boilers, and power generation facilities.

[0039] [Figure 1] is a photograph showing a device for producing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthesis gas according to the present invention.

[0040] [Figure 2] is a photograph showing a control panel for controlling a device for producing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthetic gas according to the present invention.

[0041] [Figure 3] is an image showing a device for producing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthetic gas according to the present invention.

[0042] [Figure 4] is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a device for producing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthesis gas according to the present invention.

[0043] [Figure 5] is a graph showing the temperature change inside the carbonization furnace over time through a temperature sensor installed in a device for producing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthesis gas according to the present invention.

[0044] [Figure 6] is a graph showing the temperature change inside the carbonization furnace over time through a temperature sensor installed in a device for producing biochar from high-moisture biomass using unheated air.

[0045] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings. Prior to this, it should be noted that the terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be construed as limited to their conventional or dictionary meanings. Rather, they should be interpreted in a way that is consistent with the technical spirit of the present invention, based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concepts of terms to best explain his or her invention.

[0046] Therefore, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that there may be various equivalents and modifications that can replace them at the time of filing this application.

[0047]

[0048] [Configuration of a device for producing biochar using hot air]

[0049] A device for producing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthesis gas according to the present invention includes a carbonization furnace (100), a cyclone (200), a cooler (300), and a combustor (400), as shown in [Fig. 1] to [Fig. 6].

[0050] In particular, the combustor (400) receives and combusts at least a portion of the synthesis gas (Syngas) generated during the thermal decomposition process in the carbonization furnace (100) and passed through the cooler (300) to obtain hot air, and supplies the hot air to the carbonization furnace (100) through the pressurized fan (420), thereby drying the biomass (BM) filled in the carbonization furnace (100) to reduce the moisture content, thereby not only increasing the efficiency of biochar production, but also enabling the biochar to remain in a carbon state without being oxidized any further, thereby improving its quality.

[0051] At this time, the pressurized fan (420) is configured so that hot air penetrates into the carbonization space (110) in the opposite direction of the pyrolysis direction through the air distribution space (120) configured below the carbonization space (110) in which biomass (BM) is filled in the carbonization furnace (100) and pyrolysis takes place from above, thereby drying the biomass (BM), thereby continuously and evenly drying the entire biomass (BM) and reducing the pyrolysis time, thereby obtaining high-quality biochar.

[0052] In addition, the hot air is configured to be evenly sprayed upward from the lower part of the carbonization furnace (100), i.e., the lower central part of the carbonization space (110), while maintaining the pressure difference (dP) between the upper and lower parts of the carbonization furnace (100) constant, thereby enabling even drying throughout the biomass (BM) and rapid thermal decomposition.

[0053]

[0054] Hereinafter, the configuration will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings. Here, any biomass that is carbonized in a carbonization furnace to make biochar can be used, and in particular, such biomass includes unused agricultural byproducts with high moisture content, such as pepper stalks, soybean stalks, pruned paper, and wood chips. In addition, in the drawings, solid arrows indicate the flow of hot air, hollow arrows indicate the flow of pyrolysis, and half-filled arrows indicate the flow direction of syngas.

[0055] A. Carbonization

[0056] The carbonization furnace (100) is configured to fill the interior with biomass (BM) and ignite a fire from the top to thermally decompose the biomass (BM) to produce biochar, as shown in [Fig. 1] to [Fig. 4]. Accordingly, the carbonization furnace (100) is formed vertically so that thermal decomposition of the biomass (BM) can occur from top to bottom.

[0057]

[0058] And, this carbonization furnace (100) includes a carbonization space (110) and an air dispersion space (120), as shown in [Fig. 3] and [Fig. 4].

[0059] 1. Carbonization space

[0060] The carbonization space (110) is a space filled with biomass (BM), as shown in [Fig. 4], and biochar is created from the biomass (BM) through a pyrolysis reaction from the upper portion thereof. An inlet (111) is formed in this space (110) and is used when introducing biomass (BM) into the carbonization space (110), and this inlet (111) is sealed while pyrolysis is taking place.

[0061]

[0062] 2. Air distribution space

[0063] The air dispersion space (120) is configured within the carbonization furnace (100), as shown in [Fig. 4]. At this time, the air dispersion space (120) is formed below the carbonization space (110) and is configured so that the biomass (BM) filled within the carbonization space (110) does not fall into the air dispersion space (120). To this end, a configuration, such as a wire mesh or grid, that can block the biomass (BM) from flowing down may be added between the carbonization space (110) and the air dispersion space (120).

[0064]

[0065] In the air distribution space (120) formed in this manner, as shown in [Fig. 2] to [Fig. 4], hot air obtained by combusting at least a portion of the synthesis gas (Syngas) generated in the carbonization furnace (100) from a combustor (400) to be described later is supplied. In addition, this hot air rises upward from the bottom of the carbonization furnace (100) in the opposite direction of the thermal decomposition direction from the top to the bottom of the carbonization furnace (100), thereby causing a drying effect on the entire biomass (BM), thereby not only enhancing the drying effect, but also allowing the biochar to remain in a carbon state without being oxidized any further, thereby enabling high-quality biochar to be obtained.

[0066]

[0067] Meanwhile, the air dispersion space (120) is preferably partitioned so as to be located below the carbonization space (110), as shown in [Fig. 4], using a damper (121). At this time, the damper (121) is kept closed for drying biomass (BM) so that hot air can move from the air dispersion space (120) to the carbonization space (110). When pyrolysis is completed and biochar is produced, the damper (121) is opened so that the biochar produced through the air dispersion space (120) can be discharged to the outside. To this end, the air dispersion space (120) is provided with a detachable cap (121) at the bottom so that the cap (121) for discharging the biochar can be opened.

[0068]

[0069] In [Figure 4], the unexplained symbol "130" denotes an ignition device that initially ignites dried biomass (BM) to enable thermal decomposition to produce biochar. This ignition device may utilize not only an electric heating wire but also a gas burner, and once thermal decomposition of the biomass has occurred above the biomass, it is deactivated, thereby reducing energy consumption.

[0070]

[0071] B. Cyclone

[0072] The cyclone (200), as shown in [Fig. 2] and [Fig. 3], receives the syngas generated from the above-described carbonization furnace (100) and separates dust and tar contained in the syngas. At this time, the cyclone (200) may be manufactured using a conventional technique that receives a gas mixture containing solid particles in a cylindrical or conical container, and the gas enters from the upper center and separates the particles using gravity and rotational motion.

[0073]

[0074] In this way, the cyclone (200), as shown in [Fig. 2] and [Fig. 3], separates dust and tar from the synthetic gas (Syngas) flowing in from the top using gravity and rotational motion and discharges them downward, and discharges the remaining gas components to a cooler (300) to be described later.

[0075]

[0076] D. Cooler

[0077] The cooler (300) cools the synthesis gas (dry gas) from which dust and tar have been removed in the cyclone (200), as shown in [Fig. 2] and [Fig. 3]. The cooling at this time is to separate the bio-oil and moisture contained in the dry gas, and this is to smoothly perform the combustion process in the combustor to be described later by separating the bio-oil and moisture. In addition, there is a purpose of using the separated bio-oil as energy. In the present invention, it is also possible to configure it so that cooling water is circulated through a cooling pipe and the dry gas can be cooled by exposing it to the surface of the cooling water pipe. Here, the synthesis gas refers to a gas mixed with CO, CO2, H2O, etc. that is generated as biomass is thermally decomposed.

[0078]

[0079] A. Combustor

[0080] The combustor (400) is a device that receives and combusts the dry gas cooled by the cooler (300) described above, as shown in [Fig. 2] and [Fig. 3]. At this time, the combustor (400) sufficiently receives the dry gas cooled by the cooler (300) through the inlet fan (410), combusts a portion of the supplied dry gas, and supplies the hot air obtained by the combustion to the air exhaust space (120) described above.

[0081]

[0082] The above-mentioned combustor (400) includes an inlet fan (410) and a pressure fan (420), as shown in [Fig. 2] and [Fig. 3].

[0083] 1. Inlet fan

[0084] The inlet fan (410) refers to an induced blower that mainly discharges exhaust gas from the combustion chamber to a system leading to a chimney, as shown in [Fig. 2] and [Fig. 3], thereby applying negative pressure within the carbonization furnace (100). As this inlet fan (410), one manufactured using a conventional technology, well known as an ID FAN (INDUCED DRAFT FAN), can be used.

[0085]

[0086] 2. Pressure fan

[0087] The pressurized fan (420) is a fan for supplying hot air, which is preheated as combustion occurs in the combustor (400), to the air distribution space (120) described above, as shown in [Fig. 2] and [Fig. 3]. The hot air supplied in this way is evenly distributed upward along the carbonization space (110) in the air distribution space (120) and pressurized, thereby drying the biomass (BM) with the heat, thereby making thermal decomposition easy and fast, and also improving the quality of the biochar by ensuring that the biochar is no longer oxidized but remains in a carbon state. Here, the pressurized fan (420) refers to a pressurized draft fan (FORCED DRAFT FAN) that supplies pressurized hot air.

[0088]

[0089] In particular, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure fan (420) is preferably configured to supply hot air so that the pressure difference (dP) detected between the inlet and the outlet of the carbonization furnace (100) described above can be maintained constant, as shown in [Fig. 3]. This is because the properties of the raw materials used to obtain biochar are different, and therefore, if the pressure difference (dP) between the inlet and the outlet of the carbonization furnace (100) is known each time, the amount of hot air supplied can be controlled by varying the rotation speed of the pressure fan (420) that supplies hot air accordingly. Here, in order to obtain the pressure difference (dP), it is preferable to configure a conventional pressure sensor to be installed at the inlet and outlet of the carbonization furnace (100) so as to detect a pressure signal.

[0090]

[0091] In addition, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hot air supplied to the lower portion of the carbonization furnace (100) through the pressurized fan (420) is preferably configured to be sprayed from the center of the air distribution space (120) toward the floor, as shown in [Fig. 4], so that the hot air can be supplied so that it hits the floor and is evenly distributed upward, thereby evenly spreading into the biomass filled in the carbonization furnace (100) to accelerate drying, so that pyrolysis proceeds quickly, and so that the biochar production time can be reduced.

[0092]

[0093] And in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the hot air obtained by combusting the gas generated by the thermal decomposition of the biomass in the combustor (400) be utilized for drying the biomass as described above, and the remaining heat source be supplied to a place where a heat source is needed, such as a dryer, boiler, or power generation facility, so that it can be recycled.

[0094]

[0095] Meanwhile, the drying time when drying biomass with hot air and when drying biomass with unheated air is compared as follows.

[0096] (Drying time comparison)

[0097] According to the present invention, when biomass is dried and pyrolysis is performed by injecting hot air obtained through a combustor into an air distribution space, the temperature graph is as shown in [Fig. 5], and when biomass is dried and pyrolysis is performed by injecting non-preheated air, the temperature graph is as shown in [Fig. 6]. In the graphs, the horizontal axis represents the drying time (sec), the vertical axis represents the temperature (℃), and each graph represents the temperature detected by the temperature sensors installed at the positions indicated by T1 to T12 in [Fig. 2] and [Fig. 3], respectively. (Here, T1 to T7 represent temperature sensors installed in the carbonization furnace (100))

[0098]

[0099] As a result, it can be seen that the time interval from when the temperature rises rapidly between each temperature sensor to when drying is actually completed is about 1,100 seconds (18.3 min) and the thermal decomposition rate is 1.09 cm / min, as shown in [Fig. 5], and when hot air is not used, it can be seen that the time interval from when the temperature rises rapidly between each temperature sensor to when drying is actually completed is about 1,450 seconds (24.2 min) and the thermal decomposition rate is 0.83 cm / min, as shown in [Fig. 6].

[0100]

[0101] As shown, the present invention, which supplies hot air in this way, demonstrates faster pyrolysis. This allows for faster biochar production, increasing productivity. Furthermore, by minimizing exposure time to pyrolysis, high-carbon biochar can be obtained.

[0102]

[0103] [Explanation of symbols]

[0104] 100: Carbonization

[0105] 110: Carbonized space

[0106] 111: Input port

[0107] 120: Air distribution space

[0108] 200: Cyclone

[0109] 300: Cooler

[0110] 400: Combustor

[0111] 410: Inlet fan

[0112] 420: Pressurized fan

Claims

1. A device for producing biochar from biomass, comprising: a carbonization space (110) arranged vertically and supplied with a fixed amount of biomass (BM) therein; an air distribution space (120) provided at the bottom of the carbonization space (110) to evenly distribute hot air supplied from the outside into the carbonization space (110); and an ignition device (130) for initially igniting the biomass (BM) so that the biomass (BM) can be thermally decomposed; a cyclone (200) connected to the upper portion of the carbonization space (100) to separate dust and tar from syngas generated in the carbonization furnace (100) and discharged to the outside; and a cooler (300) for cooling the syngas from which dust and tar have been removed; Including a combustor (400) that receives and combusts at least a portion of the synthesis gas (Syngas) cooled and discharged from the above cooler (300), In the above combustion chamber (400), An inlet fan (410) that discharges the synthesis gas (Syngas) generated above the carbonization furnace (100) to the combustor (400); and A device for producing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthetic gas, characterized in that it includes a pressure fan (420) that uses the pressure difference (dP) detected at the inlet and outlet portions of the carbonization furnace (100) and supplies hot air obtained by combustion in the combustor (400) to the air distribution space (120) to keep the pressure difference (dP) constant.

2. In paragraph 1, The hot air supplied to the lower part of the carbonization furnace (100) through the above-mentioned pressurized fan (420) is A device for producing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthetic gas, characterized in that the biomass (BM) is evenly spread upward from the lower central portion of the above carbonization furnace (100) so that the biomass (BM) is evenly and quickly dried, thereby reducing the carbonization time.

3. In paragraph 1 or 2, The heat source generated by combustion of gas generated by thermal decomposition of biomass in the above combustor (400) is A device for producing biochar from high-moisture biomass using hot air recycled from synthetic gas, characterized by supplying it to a location where a heat source is needed and recycling it.

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