Pyrolysis and gasification system and apparatus for producing synthesis gas

Abstract

Provided are a system and apparatus for pyrolysis and gasification of waste for synthesis gas production. In this waste gasification treatment apparatus in which waste is introduced into a reduction furnace and gasified, the reduction furnace comprises: a waste treatment space including an upper treatment space in which waste is gasified and which is located at an upper portion, a lower treatment space located at a lower portion, and a central treatment space separating the upper treatment space and the lower treatment space and having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the lower treatment space and the upper treatment space; a slag discharge unit through which slag is discharged from the lower end of the reduction furnace; a gas discharge unit through which gas is discharged from the upper end of the reduction furnace; a plurality of upper burners which supply oxygen to the upper treatment space; and a plurality of lower burners which supply oxygen and water vapor to the lower treatment space.

Description

Pyrolysis and gasification systems and devices for synthesis gas production

[0001] The present invention relates to a waste gasification system and device that converts waste into resources by reducing and gasifying waste to enable reuse, and more specifically, to a pyrolysis and gasification system and device for producing synthesis gas.

[0002] The amount of waste being used and discarded has been increasing dramatically, making it extremely difficult to manage this rapidly increasing volume. The consumption of disposable products, containers, and packaging materials has also increased, making it increasingly difficult to manage the resulting waste.

[0003] Waste materials include plastic resins made of various polymers, and landfills have been widely used as a method of disposing of such waste. However, landfills have limitations due to space constraints, so some wastes are being burned in incinerators to reduce their volume. An example of this combustion method is a municipal waste incinerator. When waste is processed in a municipal waste incinerator below a certain temperature, incomplete combustion can generate toxic organic compounds such as dioxin, toluene, naphthalene, and benzene. These are not only environmental pollutants but also classified as carcinogens, which can cause many problems if inhaled by the human body.

[0004] Therefore, with the recent rapid increase in waste usage, a waste recycling system is needed that converts waste into reusable resources by reducing and gasifying it, while also allowing the recycled products to be reused. Recent attempts are underway to gasify this waste in a reduction furnace. Therefore, a system and device capable of more effectively pyrolyzing and gasifying waste within a reduction furnace are needed.

[0005] Accordingly, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a burner device, a waste gasification system, and a gasification device that can minimize the generation of environmental pollutants while reducing and gasifying most of the waste, and increase the efficiency of waste treatment by reusing the reduced and gasified synthetic gas.

[0006] In addition, the present invention provides a burner device, a waste gasification system, and a gasification device that can maximize the efficiency of waste gasification through reaction within a reduction furnace and minimize the remaining unreacted substances.

[0007] In addition, the present invention provides a burner device, a waste gasification system and a gasification device that can be easily installed and separated to enable easy installation and maintenance in a required location.

[0008] In addition, the present invention provides a slag treatment device that treats waste and smoothly discharges the generated slag with little energy consumption, thereby minimizing the impact on the reaction inside the reduction furnace and minimizing damage to the reduction furnace, and a waste gasification system and device including the same.

[0009] The tasks of the present invention are not limited to the technical tasks mentioned above, and other technical tasks not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problem, a waste gasification treatment device is provided, wherein waste is introduced into a reduction furnace and gasified, wherein the reduction furnace comprises a waste treatment space including an upper treatment space located at the top where waste is gasified inside, a lower treatment space located at the bottom, and a central treatment space that divides the upper treatment space and the lower treatment space but has a smaller diameter than the diameters of the lower treatment space and the upper treatment space, a slag discharge unit for discharging slag from the lower portion of the reduction furnace, a gas discharge unit for discharging gas from the upper portion of the reduction furnace, a plurality of upper burners for supplying oxygen to the upper treatment space, and a plurality of lower burners for supplying oxygen and water vapor to the lower treatment space.

[0011] Meanwhile, a waste gasification treatment system according to one embodiment of the present invention is a waste gasification treatment system in which waste is introduced into a reduction furnace and gasified, wherein the reduction furnace includes a waste treatment space including an upper treatment space located at the top where waste is gasified inside, a lower treatment space located at the bottom, and a central treatment space dividing the upper treatment space and the lower treatment space but having a smaller diameter than the diameters of the lower treatment space and the upper treatment space; a slag discharge unit through which slag is discharged from the lower portion of the reduction furnace; a gas discharge unit through which gas is discharged from the upper portion of the reduction furnace; a plurality of upper burners for supplying oxygen to the upper treatment space; and a plurality of lower burners for supplying oxygen and water vapor to the lower treatment space, and includes a step of reducing and gasifying waste in the lower treatment space of the reduction furnace, and a step of additionally gasifying unreacted carbon in the upper treatment space.

[0012] Specific details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and drawings.

[0013] According to embodiments of the present invention, at least the following effects are achieved.

[0014] The burner device, waste gasification system and gasification device according to the present invention can reduce and gasify most of the waste while minimizing the generation of environmental pollutants.

[0015] Additionally, the efficiency of waste treatment can be increased by reusing the synthesis gas that has undergone reduction gasification.

[0016] In addition, the efficiency of the reaction and combustion of waste within the reduction furnace can be maximized to minimize the residual unreacted substances.

[0017] In addition, the reduction furnace and burner can be easily installed and removed, making it easy to install in the required location and easy to maintain.

[0018] In addition, the burner device can be easily installed in the reduction furnace and the burner device can be operated stably.

[0019] In addition, by processing waste and smoothly discharging the generated slag with low energy consumption, the impact on the reaction inside the reduction furnace can be minimized and damage to the reduction furnace can be minimized.

[0020] The effects according to the present invention are not limited to those exemplified above, and more diverse effects are included in this specification.

[0021] FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing the overall structure of a reduction furnace applied to a waste gasification treatment system and device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view illustrating in detail the internal structure of a reduction furnace applied to a waste gasification treatment system and device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a burner applied to a reduction furnace applied to a waste gasification treatment system and device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing a burner applied to a reduction furnace applied to a waste gasification treatment system and device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] FIG. 5 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing the horizontal structure of a reduction furnace applied to a waste gasification treatment system and device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing the position where the burner is operated to more specifically show how the burner is applied in a reduction furnace applied to a waste gasification treatment system and device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 is a perspective view showing a refractory block according to one embodiment applied to a reduction furnace of the present invention.

[0028] Figures 8 to 10 are perspective views showing a refractory block to which a temperature sensor is applied in a reduction furnace of the present invention.

[0029] Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing a refractory block according to one embodiment applied to the central processing space of the reduction furnace of the present invention.

[0030] Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing an insulation block according to one embodiment applied to a reduction furnace of the present invention.

[0031] Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing a refractory block applied to a space where a burner of a reduction furnace of the present invention is combined.

[0032] Fig. 14 is a drawing showing the empty space where the burner of the refractory block of Fig. 13 is applied when viewed from the front.

[0033] Fig. 15 is a drawing showing the empty space where the burner of the refractory block of Fig. 13 is applied when viewed from above.

[0034] Fig. 16 is a perspective view showing a refractory block applied to the upper inner side of the reduction furnace of the present invention.

[0035] Fig. 17 is a perspective view showing a refractory block applied to the upper outer side of the reduction furnace of the present invention.

[0036] Fig. 18 is a perspective view showing a refractory block applied to the lower inner side of the reduction furnace of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 19 is a perspective view showing a refractory block applied to the lower central side of the reduction furnace of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 20 is a perspective view showing a refractory block applied to the lower outer side of the reduction furnace of the present invention.

[0039] Fig. 21 is a perspective view showing a refractory block applied to a waste inlet of a reduction furnace of the present invention.

[0040] FIG. 22 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a unit plate forming a portion of a slag plate according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 23 is a drawing of the unit plate of Figure 22 viewed from the front.

[0042] Fig. 24 is a drawing showing a cross-section of a slag plate to which the unit plate of Fig. 22 is applied.

[0043] FIG. 25 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a reduction furnace showing an example in which the unit plate of FIG. 22 is applied according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] FIG. 26 is a schematic vertical cross-section of a reduction furnace in another direction when the unit plate of FIG. 22 is applied according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] FIG. 27 is a horizontal cross-sectional view schematically showing the direction in which slag progresses within a reduction furnace when the unit plate of FIG. 22 is applied according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Fig. 28 is a perspective view schematically showing a burner device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Fig. 29 is a cross-sectional view of the burner device of Fig. 28.

[0048] Fig. 30 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a burner device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Fig. 31 is a cross-sectional view of the burner device of Fig. 30.

[0050] Fig. 32 is a perspective view schematically showing a reactant discharge portion of a burner device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 33 is a drawing showing a cross-section of the reactant discharge section of Figure 32.

[0052] Figure 34 is a perspective view schematically showing a slag plate coupled to the lower part of the reduction furnace of the present invention.

[0053] Fig. 35 is a schematic drawing showing a cross-section along line A-A' of the slag plate of Fig. 34.

[0054] Figure 36 is a plan view of a slag plate viewed from above according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 37 is a perspective view schematically showing a unit plate forming the first plate of the slag plate of Figure 36.

[0056] The advantages and features of the present invention, and the methods for achieving them, will become clearer with reference to the embodiments described in detail below together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but may be implemented in various different forms. These embodiments are provided only to ensure that the disclosure of the present invention is complete and to fully inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the invention, and the present invention is defined only by the scope of the claims. Like reference numerals designate like elements throughout the specification. The sizes and relative sizes of layers and regions in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity of description.

[0057] Spatially relative terms such as "below," "beneath," "lower," "lower surface," "lower side," "above," "upper," "upper surface," and "top side" can be used to easily describe the relationship of one element or component to another.

[0058] Although the terms "first" and "second" are used to describe various components, these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used merely to distinguish one component from another. Therefore, it should be understood that the "first" component referred to below may also be a "second" component within the technical scope of the present invention.

[0059] The drawings illustrated for the purpose of explaining various embodiments of the present invention may have the respective components, and the relative sizes, heights, length ratios, etc. between the respective components, somewhat exaggerated for the convenience of explanation.

[0060] Additionally, although the terms moisture, water vapor, and water are used interchangeably in the description of the system and device of the present invention, this should be understood to mean components in a state of one or a mixture of moisture, water vapor, and water. This is because, during the process of operating a gasification system or device, liquids, gases, etc., such as moisture, water vapor, and water, may exist only in a specific state, or may exist in a mixed state.

[0061] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0062] FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing the overall structure of a reduction furnace applied to a waste gasification treatment system and device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing the internal structure of a reduction furnace applied to a waste gasification treatment system and device according to an embodiment of the present invention in detail. In addition, FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a burner applied to a reduction furnace applied to a waste gasification treatment system and device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing a burner applied to a reduction furnace applied to a waste gasification treatment system and device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Referring to Figures 1 to 4, a waste gasification treatment device according to one embodiment of the present invention is a waste gasification treatment device in which waste is put into a reduction furnace and gasified, wherein the reduction furnace (1000) has an upper treatment space (R) located at the top and the waste is gasified inside. U ), the lower processing space (R) located at the bottom L ) and the upper processing space (R U ) and the lower processing space (R L ) is distinguished, but the lower processing space (R) is L ) and the upper processing space (R U ) with a smaller diameter than the central processing space (R). C ), a waste treatment space including a slag discharge unit (1500) through which slag is discharged from the bottom of the reduction furnace (1000), a gas discharge unit (1400) through which gas is discharged from the top of the reduction furnace (1000), and the upper treatment space (R U ) and a plurality of upper burners (600) supplying oxygen to the lower processing space (R L ) includes a plurality of lower burners (500) that supply oxygen and water vapor.

[0064] The waste gasification treatment device of the present invention is characterized in that waste is fed into a reduction furnace and thermally decomposed and gasified for the production of synthesis gas. That is, the reduction furnace (1000) is formed to have a reaction and reduction space as an empty space inside and surround the reaction space, and various components can be arranged. Inside the reduction furnace, waste is fed and thermally decomposed and gasified of the waste using a reactant provided by a burner. The reactant may refer to a substance including oxygen, preheating gas, and / or steam, and may be injected into the reduction furnace to promote gasification. The reactant may be defined as a reactant in another expression and may play a role in promoting the reaction for thermal decomposition and gasification. In addition to the above-mentioned substances, the reactant may further include other substances, such as a catalyst, for a smoother reaction, and these may be supplied to the burner device through another supply pipe.

[0065] Meanwhile, the waste is thermally decomposed and gasified, and the gas generated thereby can be separated and purified through a post-processing process to produce reusable hydrogen (H2) gas. During the separation and purification process, any remaining unreacted gases or impurities other than the reusable hydrogen gas can be removed to increase the purity of the hydrogen. Meanwhile, inorganic residues such as metals and minerals contained in the waste can be discharged to the outside in a molten state through a slag discharge unit (1500) located at the bottom of the reactor.

[0066] Within the above reduction furnace, waste can be reduced and gasified while maintaining a temperature range of 1400℃ to 2000℃, and the waste can be introduced after going through a certain preheating step and undergoing reduction and gasification. In the above temperature range, most of the carbon atoms in the waste are converted into carbon monoxide (CO), and most of the hydrogen atoms are converted into hydrogen gas (H2), which is discharged in the form of synthesis gas and can be separated, purified, and reused. For example, hydrogen gas (H2) in the synthesis gas can be stored and reused where hydrogen gas is required, or can be reused for purposes such as re-introducing it into the reduction furnace for preheating.

[0067] The above waste treatment space is located on the inside of the reduction furnace (1000) where waste is gasified and the upper treatment space (R) is located on the upper side. U ), the lower processing space (R) located at the bottom L ) and the upper processing space (R U ) and the lower processing space (R L ) is distinguished, but the lower processing space (R) is L ) and the upper processing space (R U ) with a smaller diameter than the central processing space (R). C ) is included. That is, the waste disposal space is a central disposal space (R), which is a space with a relatively small diameter. C ) by the upper processing space (R) above it U ) and the lower processing space (R) L ) can be distinguished, and thereby the upper processing space (R U ) and lower processing space (R L ) is the central processing space (R C ) can have a relatively wider reaction and processing space.

[0068] The above slag discharge unit (1500) can be connected to the outside of the reduction furnace (1000) at the bottom of the reduction furnace (1000) to discharge slag. Slag is a molten state of inorganic residues such as metals and minerals contained in waste, and can be periodically discharged through the slag discharge unit (1500) to perform continuous thermal decomposition and gasification treatment. The slag discharge unit (1500) can include a discharge path (930) formed in the center while being disposed at the bottom of the reduction furnace (1000) to discharge slag more effectively, and can include a slag plate (900) including a first plate (910) formed of a material including a tungsten material or a high alumina material, and a second plate (920) formed of a material including ceramic and surrounding an outer edge of the first plate (910). By increasing the heat transfer efficiency using the above tungsten or high alumina material, the high temperature inside the reduction furnace can be well transferred to the first plate (910). Accordingly, the slag can be prevented from solidifying near the slag discharge portion (1500), and the high heat transfer efficiency can enable the slag to be continuously discharged in a molten state even without providing a separate heat source.

[0069] Preferably, the slag melted at the bottom of the reduction furnace (1000) can maintain a high temperature of 1450°C or higher due to the high thermal conductivity of the first plate (910), and can prevent the slag from cooling and solidifying. In addition, the first plate (910) can be formed of a material including a tungsten material or a high alumina material, so as to have excellent durability and prevent wear caused by the slag.

[0070] Meanwhile, the discharged slag may be disposed at the bottom of the slag plate (900) and may be cooled and processed by a slag cooling unit (800) that cools the slag discharged from the slag plate (900) with cooling water. The cooling water (850) present in the cooling unit (800) may be continuously supplied and discharged to prevent the temperature from rising above a certain temperature, thereby maintaining cooling efficiency. In addition, the cooling unit (800) may include a level control unit (820) that controls the level of the cooling water, thereby preventing the cooling water (850) from coming into contact with the bottom of the reduction furnace (1000) due to the water level rising even in a situation where the cooling water (850) is continuously supplied. If the level of the cooling water (850) rises and comes into contact with the bottom of the reduction reactor (1000), corrosion may occur in the reduction reactor (1000). Therefore, corrosion of the reduction reactor (1000) can be prevented by the water level control unit (820).

[0071] The above gas discharge unit (1400) can discharge gas from the top of the reduction furnace (1000). Although not separately illustrated, the next stage of the gas discharge unit (1400) may further include a separate gas movement path and components for a separation and purification process to generate higher purity hydrogen (H2) gas during the gas movement process. In addition, a device may be additionally installed to separately store and reuse the generated hydrogen (H2) gas, or to reuse the generated hydrogen (H2) gas as fuel for various devices.

[0072] The above plurality of upper burners (600) are located in the upper processing space (R U ) supplies oxygen, and the plurality of lower burners (500) supply oxygen to the lower processing space (R L ) can supply oxygen and water vapor. A plurality of lower burners (500) are provided in the lower processing space (R L ) to supply oxygen and water vapor to the lower treatment space (R) for waste disposal. L) can be used to allow thermal decomposition and gasification to proceed. The gas generated as thermal decomposition and gasification proceeds is directed upward and enters the central processing space (R C ) through the upper processing space (R) U ) will proceed. The plurality of upper burners (600) are located in the upper processing space (R U ) to supply oxygen and the upper treatment space (R U ) can perform secondary gasification to further react unreacted carbon that has not yet fully reacted. Therefore, the emission of unreacted carbon can be minimized, allowing for the production of higher-purity synthesis gas.

[0073] In addition, the reduction furnace (1000) may include a waste inlet (1600) through which organic matter is introduced into the waste treatment space at the lower central portion. That is, the waste inlet (1600) may be located in the lower treatment space (R) of the reduction furnace (1000). L ) is injected into the lower processing space (R L ) can primarily undergo pyrolysis and gasification of waste by the multiple lower burners (500). For a more efficient continuous process, the waste inlet (1600) can be positioned lower than the lower burners (500). As will be described later, the lower burners (500) can be arranged to be inclined from the top to the bottom, and the reactants discharged from the lower burners (500) can be directed toward the waste inlet (1600) arranged lower than the lower burners (500). Accordingly, the waste introduced into the reduction furnace (1000) can undergo a more smooth reduction and gasification reaction.

[0074] Preferably, the lower processing space (R) L ) is supplied with oxygen and water vapor so that thermal decomposition can proceed at the bottom of the reduction furnace and gasification can proceed. The upper treatment space (R U ) can be supplied with oxygen to further gasify the upper part of the reduction furnace. That is, the lower treatment space (RL ) where the thermal decomposition reaction is predominantly carried out, and the upper processing space (R U ) gasification can proceed predominantly, and primarily in the lower processing space (R L ) after pyrolysis and gasification are performed in the upper treatment space (R U ) in the lower processing space (R L ) can be gasified for the undissolved solids and residual carbon.

[0075] Meanwhile, the central processing space (R C ) is the lower processing space (R L ) and the upper processing space (R U ) can be characterized by having a diameter of 50% to 70% of the diameter of the central processing space (R). C ) structurally by the lower processing space (R) L ) and the upper processing space (R U ) can be formed so that the lower reaction area and the lower reaction area are separated. The lower processing space (R) L ) can allow the introduced waste to undergo a reduction gasification reaction, and the upper treatment space (R) U ) can allow additional unreacted carbon to undergo further reaction. The central processing space (R C ) so that the internal space of the reduction furnace is divided into two stages and the reaction proceeds separately, thereby producing a more refined high-purity synthesis gas.

[0076] The above central processing space ((R C ) of the lower processing space (R) L ) and the upper processing space (R U ) is less than 50% of the diameter of the lower processing space (R L) may cause a strain on the reaction or the gas generated after the reaction may not move smoothly toward the top, and if it is greater than 70%, the lower reaction area and the upper reaction area may not be clearly distinguished, so the reduction gasification reaction of the lower burner and the reaction of unreacted carbon of the upper burner may be mixed, which may lower the efficiency of synthesis gas production. Therefore, the central processing space (R C ) is the lower processing space (R L ) and the upper processing space (R U ) is preferably 50% to 70% of the diameter of the tube.

[0077] That is, the central processing space (R C ) is the lower processing space (R L ) and upper processing space (R U ) can be used as a retention delay space where the pyrolyzed materials move upwards. The central processing space (R) C ) is the lower processing space (R L ) and the upper processing space (R U ) with a diameter of 50% to 70% of the diameter of the lower processing space (R L ) so that wastes can be decomposed and gasified smoothly in the lower treatment space (R). L ) to increase the pressure in the lower processing space (R L ) can increase the waste retention time.

[0078] More specifically, the lower processing space (R L ) is the area where most of the waste input is thermally decomposed and gasification reaction occurs. The lower treatment space (R) L ) in which waste and reactant are mixed with oxygen (O2) and water vapor (H2O) supplied through the lower burner (500) to carry out thermal decomposition, oxidation reaction and gasification reaction are carried out, and due to the high temperature of 1450℃ or higher, ash in the waste is melted and converted into slag, which can be discharged to the bottom. Meanwhile, as will be explained in more detail later, the lower treatment space (R L) can be formed to promote mixing of waste and reactants supplied through the lower burner (500) while extending the residence time of the waste. To this end, a plurality of lower burners (500) can be arranged to be inclined in the same direction from the horizontal direction so that a strong swirling flow field is formed when the reactants are sprayed.

[0079] Central processing space (R C ) is the lower processing space (R) within the reduction furnace (1000). L ) and upper processing space (R U ) is a part that connects the lower part, and can be reduced to a range of 50% to 70% of the diameter of the lower part so that unreacted carbon flows to the center of the reduction furnace. Therefore, the upper treatment space (R U ) can promote contact between oxygen and unreacted carbon injected from the upper burner (600). For this purpose, the central processing space (R C ) The empty space can be formed in the central part in the horizontal direction by protruding the central refractory block all along the edge of the side wall of the reduction furnace (1000) toward the center to reduce the diameter of the empty space.

[0080] Upper processing space (R U ) in the lower processing space (R L ) can be decomposed by reacting with oxygen (O2) supplied from the upper burner (600) to generate unreacted carbon (carbon remaining after thermal decomposition and gasification in the lower treatment space). The central treatment space (R C ) unreacted carbon is passed through the central part to the upper processing space (R U ) can be carried out, and unreacted carbon can be secondarily reacted by oxygen supplied from the upper burner (600). Ultimately, the lower treatment space (R) of the reduction furnace (1000) L) in which thermal decomposition and gasification reactions are formed and unreacted substances move upward, an intermediate partition can be installed to simultaneously improve reaction efficiency and minimize unreacted areas (dead space). In other words, by minimizing the possibility of unreacted areas occurring in a reduction furnace (1000) having an overall single structure, reaction efficiency can be maximized to produce high-purity synthesis gas.

[0081] Meanwhile, the reduction furnace (1000) may be characterized in that a refractory layer (1010), a refractory insulation layer (1020), an insulation layer (1030), and a steel case (1040) are formed radially on a horizontal cross-section while dividing the waste treatment space, and the refractory layer (1010) and the refractory insulation layer (1020) are formed by assembling unit blocks, and the insulation layer (1030) includes ceramic fibers. The refractory layer (1010) can withstand a very high temperature when reduction gasification is performed inside the reduction furnace (1000), and the refractory insulation layer (1020) can prevent heat from escaping to the outside, thereby increasing thermal efficiency. The refractory layer (1010) and the refractory insulation layer (1020) are formed by assembling unit blocks, so that the reduction furnace can be easily manufactured. In addition, the outermost part is covered by a steel case (1040) to prevent the inflow of unnecessary external factors, and an insulating layer (1030) including ceramic fibers is placed between the refractory insulating layer (1020) and the steel case (1040) to maximize the insulating efficiency.

[0082] That is, the refractory layer (1010) and the refractory insulation layer (1020), which are exposed to the highest temperature in the reduction furnace (1000), are manufactured as blocks according to their respective location characteristics and assembled to increase manufacturing convenience, and the outermost layer is covered with a steel case (1040) with the insulation layer (1030) interposed to prevent gas inside the reduction furnace from leaking out or unnecessary external factors from flowing into the reduction furnace.

[0083] In addition, although not separately illustrated, the refractory layer of the reduction furnace may further include a ceramic blanket formed of a material including a ceramic material at a position between the lower processing space and the central processing space. That is, a ceramic blanket formed of a ceramic material may be interposed and arranged between the refractory blocks of the refractory layer constituting the lower processing space and the refractory blocks of the refractory layer constituting the central processing space. The ceramic blanket can absorb thermal expansion between the refractory blocks (refractory layers) between the lower and middle portions and prevent damage to the refractory layers due to direct contact.

[0084] FIG. 5 is a horizontal cross-sectional view illustrating a horizontal structure of a reduction furnace applied to a waste gasification treatment system and device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a position where a burner is applied to illustrate in more detail how a burner is applied in a reduction furnace applied to a waste gasification treatment system and device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0085] Referring to Figures 5 and 6, the upper burner (600) is vertically aligned with the central processing space (R C) may be characterized by being arranged to slope downward toward the slag discharge unit (1500). In addition, the lower burner (500) may be characterized by being arranged to slope downward toward the slag discharge unit (1500). That is, the upper burner (600) and the lower burner (500) may be arranged to slope toward the lower center in the vertical direction from the slag discharge unit toward the gas discharge unit. Referring to FIG. 6, each upper burner (600) may be formed to form a specific acute angle (θ3) with respect to an imaginary horizontal line at a position where the reactant is discharged from the upper burner (600), and to move away from the horizontal line as it gets farther from the center. In addition, each lower burner (500) may be formed to form a specific acute angle (θ2) with respect to an imaginary horizontal line at a position where the reactant is discharged from the lower burner (500), and to move away from the horizontal line as it gets farther from the center.

[0086] As the lower burner (500) slopes downward, the reactants can be sprayed toward the waste stream, minimizing unreacted substances. Furthermore, the upper burner (600) can also inject reactants downward to react by injecting the gas directed upward or the gas containing unreacted carbon, thereby allowing for more reaction and minimizing the unreacted area.

[0087] Meanwhile, the upper burner (600) may be formed to be inclined with respect to an imaginary line toward the center point of the waste treatment space in the horizontal direction, and the plurality of upper burners (600) may be characterized in that they are all arranged to be inclined in the same direction in the horizontal direction. In addition, the lower burner (500) may be formed to be inclined with respect to an imaginary line toward the center point of the waste treatment space in the horizontal direction, and the plurality of lower burners (500) may be characterized in that they are all arranged to be inclined in the same direction in the horizontal direction. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the lower burners may be formed to be inclined to form a specific angle (θ1) with respect to an imaginary line toward the discharge portions of the plurality of lower burners (500) based on the imaginary center point on the horizontal plane, and the plurality of lower burners (500) may be formed to be inclined in the same direction. Accordingly, while supplying the reactant to the waste, the lower treatment space (R) L ) can minimize the unreacted region and allow the reaction to proceed more smoothly by allowing the waste and reactants to rotate relative to each other.

[0088] Although an embodiment of a lower burner (500) is illustrated in Fig. 5, a plurality of upper burners (600) may also be formed to be inclined in the same direction on a horizontal plane as in Fig. 5 so that the reactants can be rotated. Accordingly, by arranging a plurality of upper burners (600), an upper processing space (R) can be formed. U ) can also be rotated to allow the reaction to occur. As described above, the lower processing space (R L) toward the upper gas discharge port (1400) may contain unreacted carbon, and this may be subjected to additional reaction by oxygen (O2) supplied through a plurality of upper burners (600). At this time, the plurality of upper burners (600) may be formed to be inclined in the same direction on the horizontal plane, and the gas containing the reactants and the unreacted carbon may be made to swirl and contact each other and react by the reactants discharged from the upper burners (600), thereby minimizing the unreacted area. In addition, by mixing and swirling the gas and the reactants, the unreacted particles may remain on the inner wall of the reduction furnace for a long time to react, thereby generating a high-purity synthesis gas with the unreacted carbon reduced as much as possible.

[0089] Meanwhile, various examples of refractory blocks and insulating blocks constituting the reduction furnace of the present invention will be described by way of example. First, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a refractory block according to one example applied to the reduction furnace of the present invention.

[0090] Referring to Fig. 7, the insulating block (200) can be stacked in the height direction while aligning and fixing a reference bar (not shown) that serves as an axis by inserting a through hole (220) therein, thereby increasing the height of the reduction furnace. In addition, a convexly formed joint part (225) is formed on one end of the side, and a concave part (215) corresponding to the shape of the joint part (225) is formed on the other end, so that the blocks can be combined at an accurate position in the horizontal direction, while also acting as a curtain to prevent heat, ash, synthesis gas, etc. from unnecessarily leaking out.

[0091] Meanwhile, FIGS. 8 to 10 illustrate perspective views of refractory blocks to which a temperature sensor is applied in the reduction furnace of the present invention. That is, the refractory block (220) of FIG. 8 may be placed at the bottom, the refractory block (230) of FIG. 9 may be placed on the left side of the upper portion of the refractory block (220) of FIG. 8, and the refractory block (240) of FIG. 10 may be placed on the right side of the upper portion of the refractory block (220) of FIG. 8. The sunken lines (250, 260, 270) formed as sunken areas in each of the refractory blocks (220, 230, 240) may be placed facing each other at their respective positions so that a temperature sensor may penetrate therethrough. By placing the refractory blocks so that they intersect each other in the upper and lower portions in this way, the refractory layer may be formed more firmly. In addition, by forming the penetration portion for injecting the temperature sensor so that the sunken lines (250, 260, 270) of each refractory block are adjacent to each other and face each other, it is possible to very easily inject the temperature sensor into the refractory layer composed of refractory blocks having very strong hardness and rigidity.

[0092] More specifically, the refractory block portion to which the temperature sensor is applied is described as follows: the refractory block forming the refractory layer further includes a sensor refractory block forming a penetration portion for the temperature sensor to penetrate, and the sensor refractory block includes a first sensor refractory block (220) including a first depression line (250) formed by being depressed across the center of the upper surface, a second sensor refractory block (230) including a second depression line (260) formed by being depressed across the right end of the lower surface, and a third sensor refractory block (240) including a third depression line (270) formed by being depressed across the left end of the lower surface, and when the second sensor refractory block (230) and the third sensor refractory block (240) are settled on the upper surface of the first sensor refractory block (220), the first depression line (250), the second depression line (260), and the third depression line (270) are formed They can face each other to form a penetration through which a temperature sensor passes.

[0093] In addition, FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a refractory block according to an embodiment applied to the central processing space of the reduction furnace of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 11, a protruding portion may be formed to be offset toward the center of the reduction furnace compared to the position of the hole (120) into which the reference rod is coupled so as to form a relatively narrow diameter of the central processing space compared to other positions. That is, compared to the refractory block (200) of FIG. 7, the refractory block (100) applied to the central processing space of FIG. 11 may be formed to protrude more toward the center of the reduction furnace relatively compared to the position of the hole (120, 220) into which the reference rod (not shown) is inserted. On the side surface of the refractory block (100) of FIG. 11, a convexly formed joint portion (115) is formed at one end, and a concave portion (105) corresponding to the shape of the joint portion (115) is formed at the other end, so that the blocks can be coupled at an accurate position in the horizontal direction. Additionally, it can be made to act as a curtain to prevent heat, ash, synthetic gas, etc. from leaking out unnecessarily.

[0094] Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing an insulation block according to one embodiment applied to a reduction furnace of the present invention.

[0095] Referring to Fig. 12, the insulating block (400) may have a curved arc formed on the inside of the insulating block (400) on a horizontal plane that is longer than the curved arc formed on the outside of the refractory blocks (100, 200) to cover a plurality of refractory blocks (100, 200) in order to further enhance the insulating performance. The insulating block (400) may have a step (410) formed on the side or a step (430) formed on the top to perform a curtain function for heat blocking in order to maximize the insulating performance. The insulating blocks (400) may have a recessed portion (420) formed on the bottom to match the protruding step (430) on the top so that they can be stacked on top of each other, thereby facilitating stacking.

[0096] Meanwhile, FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a refractory block applied to a space where a burner of a reduction furnace of the present invention is combined, FIG. 14 is a drawing showing an empty space where a burner of the refractory block of FIG. 13 is applied when viewed from the front, and FIG. 15 is a drawing showing an empty space where a burner of the refractory block of FIG. 13 is applied when viewed from above.

[0097] Referring to FIGS. 13 to 15, the refractory layer (1010) includes a first burner refractory block (300) to which the upper burner (600) is coupled, and the first burner refractory block (300) includes a first penetration portion (330) formed as an empty space for the upper burner to pass through, and the first penetration portion (330) may be formed to be inclined downward in a vertical direction from the outside to the inside and inclined toward one end in a horizontal direction. That is, the first burner refractory block (300) is formed so that the upper burner (600) can be coupled through the first penetration portion (330) to discharge a reactant into the internal empty space, and a separate hole (320) can be formed so that it can be coupled with other refractory blocks at the upper and lower ends so as to be firmly fixed by a reference bar (not shown).

[0098] In addition, in a similar manner to other refractory blocks, a convexly formed joint portion (315) is formed on one end of the side of the refractory block (300) and a concave portion (305) corresponding to the shape of the joint portion (315) is formed on the other end, thereby enabling the blocks to be joined at an accurate position in the horizontal direction. In addition, it can be configured to function as a curtain to prevent heat, ash, synthetic gas, etc. from unnecessarily leaking out.

[0099] Meanwhile, although not shown separately, the refractory layer may include a second burner refractory block to which the lower burner (500) is coupled, and the second burner refractory block may include a second penetration portion formed as an empty space for the lower burner to penetrate. In addition, the second penetration portion may be characterized in that it is formed to slope downward in a vertical direction from the outside toward the inside and to face one end in a horizontal direction. It will be understood that the second burner refractory block to which the lower burner is coupled is configured to have substantially the same shape, form, and characteristics as the first burner refractory block (300).

[0100] The above first penetration portion (330) and / or the second penetration portion are formed to be inclined downward in the vertical direction from the outside to the inside and inclined toward one end in the horizontal direction, so that the plurality of upper burners (600) and / or the plurality of lower burners (500) coupled thereto are formed to be inclined downward in the vertical direction and arranged to be inclined toward a specific direction in the horizontal direction, so that a reaction can occur while the mixture of reactants, etc. swirls inside the reduction furnace. Meanwhile, the form in which the reaction occurs by swirling inside the reduction furnace has already been described above, so a redundant description will be omitted.

[0101] Fig. 16 is a perspective view showing a refractory block applied to the upper inner side of the reduction furnace of the present invention, and Fig. 17 is a perspective view showing a refractory block applied to the upper outer side of the reduction furnace of the present invention.

[0102] Referring to Figures 16 and 17, in the case of the upper part of the reduction furnace, high temperature heat may be concentrated in the part facing the internal space, so that refractory blocks may also be placed on the inner surface of the upper part. Accordingly, in the case of the upper part of the reduction furnace, the refractory blocks (130) of Figure 16 and the refractory blocks (160) of Figure 17 may be placed in sequence in a horizontal direction to enhance the heat resistance performance of the reduction furnace.

[0103] FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing a refractory block applied to the lower inner side of the reduction furnace of the present invention, FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing a refractory block applied to the lower central side of the reduction furnace of the present invention, and FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a refractory block applied to the lower outer side of the reduction furnace of the present invention.

[0104] Referring to FIGS. 18 to 20, it is necessary to install refractory blocks in the lower part of the reduction furnace, as in the upper part, in the part that directly contacts the internal reaction space, so that an insulating block can be formed on the entire surface. Accordingly, the refractory blocks (170) of FIG. 18, the refractory blocks (180) of FIG. 19, and the refractory blocks (190) of FIG. 20 can be arranged sequentially in the horizontal direction so that the entire area constituting the lower part of the inside of the reduction furnace is covered by the refractory layer. However, in the central part of the lower surface of the reduction furnace, a refractory block as in FIG. 15 can be combined to form a slag discharge portion and combine a slag plate. That is, the refractory block (170) can be arranged in the central part so that a thin mounting step (171) is included so that the slag plate (900) can be mounted.

[0105] Fig. 21 is a perspective view showing a refractory block applied to the waste inlet of the reduction furnace of the present invention.

[0106] As shown in Fig. 21, the refractory block (190) applied to the waste inlet can be formed to include an open, empty space to allow waste to be injected from the outside toward the inside. In Fig. 21, the empty space for injecting waste is shown in a simple circular shape, but can be modified into various shapes according to the user's convenience and is not particularly limited to any particular shape.

[0107] FIG. 22 is a perspective view schematically showing a unit plate forming a portion of a slag plate according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 23 is a front view of the unit plate of FIG. 22, and FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of a slag plate to which the unit plate of FIG. 22 is applied.

[0108] Referring to FIGS. 22 to 24, in the waste thermal decomposition and gasification system and device for producing synthesis gas, the first plate (910) may include a plurality of unit plates, and the unit plates may include a first unit plate having a flat upper surface and a second unit plate (911) having a dam portion (940) protruding upward from the middle of the upper surface. The first plate may be characterized by including both the first unit plate having a flat upper surface and the second unit plate (911). That is, the first unit plate having a flat upper surface to minimize the influence when slag flows down from the upper surface and the second unit plate (911) having a dam portion (940) formed at the upper surface to impede the flow of slag are included, and by using them in combination, the slag can flow in a specific direction or the slag and unreacted waste can remain in the reduction furnace for a longer period of time. That is, the slag flowing through the upper portion of the second unit plate (911) can be changed in direction to flow toward the periphery by the dam section (940) and prevented from flowing directly into the discharge path (930). Accordingly, in a location where more reaction is required, the second unit plate (911) can be installed to allow the slag to remain inside the reduction furnace for a longer period of time.

[0109] Meanwhile, FIG. 25 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a reduction furnace showing an example in which the unit plate of FIG. 22 is applied according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 26 is a drawing showing a schematic vertical cross-section of a reduction furnace from another direction when the unit plate of FIG. 22 is applied according to another embodiment of the present invention. In addition, FIG. 27 is a horizontal cross-sectional view schematically showing the direction in which slag progresses within a reduction furnace when the unit plate of FIG. 22 is applied according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0110] Referring to FIGS. 25 to 27, a first plate can be confirmed in the form of a combination of a first unit plate without a dam portion formed and a second unit plate (911) with a dam portion (940) formed. That is, the first plate includes a plurality of unit plates, and the plurality of unit plates are combined to form one first plate, and in some positions, the first plate can be configured with a dam portion (940) formed that protrudes upward from the middle of the upper surface of the first plate. To this end, the first plate can be formed by simultaneously including both the first unit plate and the second unit plate and combining them.

[0111] In addition, the first plate may be characterized in that the second unit plate (911) is arranged on the same vertical line as the waste inlet (1600). That is, as shown in FIG. 25, a relatively large amount of waste is injected around the waste inlet (1600), and waste that has not yet reacted may flow downward due to gravity. Therefore, waste that has not yet secured a reaction time (retention time) may be mixed with slag below the waste inlet (1600). The present invention arranges the second unit plate (911) on the same vertical line as the waste inlet (1600) and obstructs the flow of slag by the dam portion (940), thereby allowing the slag and the unreacted waste mixed therewith to flow for a longer time inside the reduction furnace, and minimizing unreacted substances. On the other hand, in other locations where a waste inlet is not formed, as in Fig. 26, a first unit plate with a flat upper surface can be placed to ensure smooth flow of slag.

[0112] More specifically, looking at the horizontal cross-section schematically showing the direction in which slag progresses within the reduction furnace of FIG. 27, a second unit plate (911) can be placed at the bottom adjacent to the waste inlet (1600) so that the waste and slag fed into it do not proceed directly to the discharge path (930), and a first unit plate can be placed at the remaining position to form a first plate. Accordingly, the waste and slag are prevented from directly heading to the discharge path (930) by the dam portion (940), but instead flow to the periphery, thereby securing a longer reaction time. However, it is not limited to the form as shown in FIG. 27, and the dam portion (940) can be formed to be longer as necessary.

[0113] Meanwhile, although not separately illustrated, in another embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the reduction furnace may further include a barrier protruding toward the center of the reduction furnace from a position below the waste inlet, and the barrier may be characterized in that a plurality of barriers are arranged spaced apart from each other so as to face downward. By the barrier, when the raw material of waste or recycled pellets is fed into the raw material inlet from the waste inlet, the waste does not fall downward immediately but remains there for a longer period of time, thereby increasing the reaction time and allowing more reactions to occur. For example, when the raw material is fed into the reduction furnace, it may begin to change into a liquid phase near the waste inlet on the inner wall of the reduction furnace. At this time, a thermal decomposition reaction begins as it enters the inside in a liquid state, and the barrier can allow the waste in the liquid state to have a sufficient residence time in the reduction furnace. In other words, the liquid waste can flow down the wall of the reduction furnace to have a sufficient residence time.

[0114] Meanwhile, the present invention provides a system using the above-described gasification treatment device, and the system of the present invention will be described below.

[0115] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a system for gasification treatment of waste in which waste is introduced into a reduction furnace and gasified, wherein the reduction furnace (1000) has an upper treatment space (R) located at the top and the waste is gasified inside. U ), the lower processing space (R) located at the bottom L ) and the upper processing space (R U ) and the lower processing space (R L ) is distinguished, but the lower processing space (R) is L ) and the upper processing space (R U ) with a smaller diameter than the central processing space (R). C), a waste treatment space including a slag discharge unit (1500) through which slag is discharged from the bottom of the reduction furnace (1000), a gas discharge unit (1400) through which gas is discharged from the top of the reduction furnace (1000), and the upper treatment space (R U ) and a plurality of upper burners (600) supplying oxygen to the lower processing space (R L ) includes a plurality of lower burners (500) that supply oxygen and water vapor, and includes a step of reducing and gasifying waste in the lower treatment space of the reduction furnace, and a step of additionally gasifying unreacted carbon in the upper treatment space.

[0116] The reduction gasification step refers to the process in which waste is introduced into a reduction furnace and thermally decomposed and gasified to produce synthesis gas. Waste is introduced into the reduction furnace and combusted together with the reactants (reactants) provided by the burner, thereby undergoing thermal decomposition and gasification. The resulting synthesis gas can be separated and purified through a post-processing process to produce reusable hydrogen (H2) gas. During the separation and purification process, any unreacted gases or impurities other than the reusable hydrogen gas can be removed to increase the purity of the hydrogen.

[0117] Within the above reduction furnace, thermal decomposition and reduction gasification of waste can be carried out while maintaining a temperature range of 1400℃ to 2000℃, and the waste can be introduced after a certain preheating step and the reduction gasification step can be carried out. In the above temperature range, most of the carbon atoms in the waste are changed into carbon monoxide (CO), and most of the hydrogen atoms are changed into hydrogen gas (H2), which is discharged in the form of synthesis gas and can be separated, purified, and reused. For example, hydrogen gas (H2) in the synthesis gas can be stored and reused where hydrogen gas is required, or can be reused for the purpose of preheating by reintroducing it into the reduction furnace.

[0118] Meanwhile, as described in the gasification treatment device for the above waste, the step of additionally gasifying unreacted carbon is the lower treatment space (R L ) reacts first and then moves to the central processing space (R C ) through the upper processing space (R U ) can be additionally purified through the upper burner in a gaseous state. Accordingly, the amount of unreacted carbon can be minimized, thereby producing a higher purity synthesis gas.

[0119] In addition, in order to secure more reaction space and reaction time and to reduce unreacted carbon and unreacted area, the upper burner (600) is vertically positioned in the central processing space (R C ) is arranged to slope downward toward the slag discharge unit (1500), and the lower burner (500) is arranged to slope downward toward the slag discharge unit (1500), and the plurality of upper burners (600) and the plurality of lower burners (500) are formed to slope in the same direction with respect to an imaginary line toward the center point of the waste treatment space in the horizontal direction.

[0120] In addition, the reduction gasification step may be characterized in that reduction gasification is performed by oxygen and steam supplied from the plurality of lower burners (500), unreacted carbon is gasified by oxygen supplied from the plurality of upper burners (600), and the waste and the unreacted carbon are performed while rotating in the waste treatment space on a horizontal plane.

[0121] Meanwhile, the method may further include a step of preheating the reduction furnace by at least one of the upper burner (600) and the lower burner (500), and the preheating step may be characterized by using at least one of the upper burner (600) and the lower burner (500) and supplying at least one of hydrogen (H2), oxygen (O2), and LNG gas to preheat the reduction furnace to a temperature range of 900°C to 1100°C. A supply pipe for separately supplying hydrogen or LNG gas in addition to oxygen or water vapor to the upper burner (600) and / or the lower burner (500) may be connected, or a separate pipe for recycling hydrogen gas collected through a reduction gasification system may be connected. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and a preheating burner for separate preheating may be additionally included.

[0122] Meanwhile, the system of the present invention may be applied to various other components described in the waste gasification device. That is, other components not specifically described in the present system have already been described in the waste gasification device, and since the components described in the device are also applicable to the system, a redundant description will be omitted.

[0123] Meanwhile, the burner device of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0124] Meanwhile, FIG. 28 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a burner device according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view of the burner device of FIG. 28. In addition, FIG. 30 is a perspective view schematically illustrating a burner device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view of the burner device of FIG. 30.

[0125] It will be understood that the burner devices of FIGS. 28 and 29 are burner devices corresponding to the upper burner among the burner devices of the present invention, and the burner devices of FIGS. 30 and 31 are burner devices corresponding to the upper burner among the burner devices of the present invention.

[0126] Referring to FIGS. 28 to 31, a burner device according to one embodiment of the present invention is coupled to a reduction furnace of a waste gasification device and supplies a reactant from the outside to an internal empty space of the reduction furnace, and is specifically characterized by including a reactant injection portion (510, 610) disposed on the outside of the reduction furnace (1000) and receiving a reactant, a reactant discharge portion (520, 620) extending from the reactant injection portion (510, 610) and discharging the reactant while gasifying it into the reduction furnace, and a cooling jacket (550, 650) that covers at least a portion of a reactant path between the reactant injection portion (510, 610) and the reactant discharge portion (520, 620) and allows a coolant to flow in and out.

[0127] The above reactant injection unit (510, 610) is arranged on the outside of the reduction reactor (1000) and can be supplied with reactants. In the drawing, the reactant injection unit (510, 610) is shown as being disconnected, and the reactant injection unit may be extended in one direction and connected to a container (not shown) for supplying and storing the reactant. Accordingly, the reactant can be continuously supplied. Oxygen (O2) or water vapor (H2O) required for the reaction may be supplied to the reactant injection unit (510, 610), but is not limited thereto, and water vapor may be introduced through a separate supply pipe, or hydrogen (H2), LNG gas, etc. may be additionally supplied to preheat the inside of the reduction reactor as needed.

[0128] The above reactant discharge unit (520, 620) extends from the reactant injection unit (510, 610) and can discharge the reactant provided from the reactant injection unit (510, 610) into the reduction reactor while gasifying. A separate ignition device (not shown) may be provided to gasify the reactant while discharging it, and this may be ignited according to a signal from the control unit. The reactant injection unit (510, 610) of the burner device may be arranged outside the reduction reactor to receive the reactant required for the reaction, and the reactant discharge unit (520, 620) may be arranged inside the reduction reactor to gasify the reactant while providing it to the reaction space within the reduction reactor.

[0129] The cooling jacket (550, 650) can cover at least a portion of the reactant path between the reactant injection unit (510, 610) and the reactant discharge unit (520, 620) to allow a coolant to flow in and out. That is, the cooling jacket (550, 650) can prevent the area between the reactant injection unit (510, 610) and the reactant discharge unit (520, 620) from being damaged by high temperature, and can prevent the reactant from being undesirably ignited by the high temperature of the surroundings during the process of moving. In the case of the burner device of the present invention, unlike a conventional burner, it is applied to a reduction furnace where a very high temperature condition is formed, and may be exposed to a very high temperature by coming into contact with the internal space of the reduction furnace. Therefore, the cooling jacket (550, 650) can be formed to prevent the burner device from being damaged.

[0130] The cooling jacket (550, 650) may be connected to a cooling material injection unit (530, 630) into which a cooling material is introduced, and a cooling material discharge unit (540, 640) into which a cooling material passing through the cooling jacket (550, 650) is discharged. The cooling material injection unit (530, 630) and the cooling material discharge unit (540, 640) may be disposed on the outside of the reduction furnace (1000). A cooling material such as cooling water is introduced into the cooling material injection unit (530, 630), and the cooling material that cools various components of the burner device while passing through the cooling jacket (550, 650) may be discharged to the outside through the cooling material discharge unit (540, 640). In addition, the introduction and discharge of the cooling material may be performed continuously. Accordingly, the burner device may be continuously cooled.

[0131] The above-described coolant injection unit (530, 630) and coolant discharge unit (540, 640) may be connected to each other, and may be, for example, in the form of a single pipe being connected. In this case, when a single pipe is connected, the coolant injection unit (530, 630) and the coolant discharge unit (540, 640) may be positioned on the same vertical line. In addition, from the coolant injection unit (530, 630) to the coolant discharge unit (540, 640), a single pipe may advance toward the reactant discharge unit (520, 620), and may be formed to bend again toward the reactant injection unit (530, 630) at a position adjacent to the reactant discharge unit (520, 620).

[0132] The above cooling jacket (550, 650) is made of stainless steel and includes a body tube that covers the path of the reactant, a cooling tube that is placed inside the body tube and has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the body tube while the cooling material flows in and out, and the cooling tube may also be made of stainless steel. Through the body tube, various components placed inside the body tube can be protected from damage from external factors, and other components can be stably placed inside. A reactant injection portion (510, 610) and a reactant discharge portion (520, 620) may be provided on both sides of the body tube, and a cooling tube may be formed in a form that surrounds the path thereof to cool the movement path of the reactant and the entire burner.

[0133] In other words, the cooling tube may extend in a first direction from the reactant injection portion (510, 610) toward the reactant discharge portion (520, 620), and may be bent at a position adjacent to the reactant discharge portion (520, 620) to extend in a direction opposite to the first direction. Accordingly, the inflow and outflow of the cooling material may be performed in the outer space of the reduction reactor adjacent to the reactant injection portion (510, 610). Accordingly, heat loss may be prevented by preventing the cooling material from coming into contact with high temperatures until it reaches the cooling material injection portion (530, 630), and the used cooling material may be moved back to the space outside the reduction reactor to enable recycling.

[0134] Meanwhile, the movement space of the cooling material flowing in the cooling jacket (550, 650) may be characterized by becoming wider as it gets closer to the reactant discharge unit (520, 620). Since the temperature gradually increases as it goes inside the reduction furnace, the movement space of the cooling material flowing in the cooling jacket (550, 650) may become wider as it gets closer to the reactant discharge unit (520, 620), thereby making the cooling effect relatively larger. That is, the amount of cooling material per same surface area of ​​the burner device may be made larger near the reactant discharge unit (520, 620).

[0135] In addition, it may be characterized by further including a refractory cover covering the outside of the reactant discharge unit (520, 620). The reactant discharge unit (520, 620) is a space that directly faces the reaction space inside the reduction reactor and is located close to a very high temperature environment, so it may be vulnerable to heat. Therefore, by further including a refractory cover covering the outside of the reactant discharge unit (520, 620), it is possible to effectively prevent the configuration of the reactant discharge unit (520, 620), where reactant discharge and gasification actually take place, from being damaged by heat.

[0136] Meanwhile, the burner device of the present invention may further include a moisture supply unit (570) that is connected to the reactant injection unit (510) through a separate tube and supplies water vapor, as in the lower burner of FIGS. 30 and 31, and may be characterized in that the moisture supply unit (570) is arranged on the outside of the reduction furnace. The moisture supply unit (570) supplies water (H2O) in a liquid or gaseous state to the reactant injection unit (510), and may face the reactant injection unit (510) in the outer space of the reduction furnace. The moisture supplied from the moisture supply unit (570) may be mixed with oxygen (O2) supplied in a gaseous state from the reactant injection unit (510) and may be discharged into the inner space of the reduction furnace together with the oxygen in a vapor state. Accordingly, reduction gasification of waste may be performed inside the reduction furnace. The moisture supply unit (570) may be arranged on the outside of the reduction furnace so that reactants may be mixed on the outside of the reduction furnace where the temperature is low. Accordingly, the reactants can be stably mixed in a relatively low reduction environment outside the reduction reactor and then introduced into the reduction reactor.

[0137] Meanwhile, FIG. 32 is a perspective view schematically showing a reactant discharge portion of a burner device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 33 is a drawing showing a cross-section of the reactant discharge portion of FIG. 32.

[0138] Referring to FIGS. 32 and 33, the reactant discharge unit may include a first discharge hole (526) for discharging water vapor into the reduction reactor, and a plurality of second discharge holes (525) formed spaced apart from each other and surrounding the outer circumference of the first discharge hole (526) for discharging a reactant containing oxygen into the reduction reactor. That is, the first discharge hole (526) is positioned at the centermost position on the vertical cross-section of the reactant discharge unit (520) and is formed to penetrate from the inside to the outside (i.e., toward the inside of the reduction reactor) so as to dissipate water vapor into the reduction reactor. In addition, the second discharge holes (525) are formed to surround the periphery of the first discharge hole (526) and are arranged in a plurality of pieces spaced apart from each other (and also spaced apart from the first discharge hole) so that the reactant containing oxygen discharged through the second discharge hole (525) can be discharged while surrounding the water vapor of the first discharge hole (526). Accordingly, the water vapor discharged through the first discharge hole (526) and the reactant containing oxygen discharged through the second discharge hole (525) can be well mixed and discharged. That is, the reactant containing oxygen can be mixed with the water vapor discharged in the center as it is discharged.

[0139] In addition, the second emission holes (525) are formed to be inclined in the first direction from the inside to the outside, and the reactants discharged through the second emission holes (525) are discharged while being inclined in the same direction with respect to an imaginary line from the center of the first emission hole (526) to the center of each of the second emission holes (525). That is, the through-holes forming the second emission holes (525) can be discharged while being inclined in a specific direction as they go from the inside to the outside (i.e., toward the inside of the reduction furnace). For example, the reactants discharged from the second emission holes (525) are all discharged while being inclined in the same direction with respect to an imaginary line from the center of the first emission hole (526) to the center of each of the second emission holes (525) in the vertical cross-section, thereby forming a kind of vortex and being discharged while forming a circle in the vertical cross-section. Accordingly, the reaction can proceed smoothly by uniformly mixing the reactant containing water vapor emitted from the first discharge hole (526) and the reactant containing oxygen emitted from the second discharge hole (525) through rotational motion.

[0140] Meanwhile, the slag treatment device of the present invention will be described in more detail below.

[0141] Fig. 34 is a perspective view schematically showing a slag plate coupled to the lower part of a reduction furnace of the present invention, and Fig. 35 is a drawing schematically showing a cross-section along line A-A' of the slag plate of Fig. 34.

[0142] Referring again to FIG. 1 and FIGS. 34 and 35, a slag treatment device according to one embodiment of the present invention relates to a slag treatment device applied to a gasification device for waste in which waste is reduced and gasified in a reduction furnace (1000), the slag treatment device including a discharge path (930) formed in the center and disposed at the bottom of the reduction furnace (1000), a slag plate (900) including a first plate (910) formed of a material including tungsten or high-purity alumina and a second plate (920) formed of a material including ceramic and surrounding an outer edge of the first plate (910), and a slag cooling unit (800) disposed at the bottom of the slag plate (900) and cooling slag discharged from the slag plate (900) by cooling water.

[0143] The above slag plate (900) is disposed below the reduction furnace (1000) and includes a discharge passage (930) formed singly in the center, a first plate (910) formed of a material including tungsten or high-purity alumina, and a second plate (920) formed of a material including ceramic and surrounding the outer edge of the first plate (910). The slag generated inside the reduction furnace is discharged outside the reduction furnace through the discharge passage (930) formed in the slag plate (900), and can be discharged in a molten state and cooled in a cooling unit (800) disposed below.

[0144] The first plate (910) is formed of a material including tungsten or high-purity alumina, so that it has excellent heat transfer properties and can maintain durability even in a very high-temperature environment. In addition, the second plate (920) is formed of a material including ceramic, so that heat loss of the first plate (910) can be minimized. That is, the second plate (920) can allow the first plate (910) to continuously maintain a high temperature state, thereby smoothly discharging slag. In the slag treatment device, the operating temperature of the slag plate (900) may be 1500°C or higher and 2000°C or lower. In the above temperature range, the slag can be discharged to the outside of the reduction furnace (1000) while maintaining a molten state without solidifying.

[0145] The first plate (910) is configured in a flange shape with a hole formed in the center to form a discharge path (930), and may be placed at the bottom of the reduction furnace and exposed on the lower surface of the reduction furnace. In addition, the second plate (920) may be formed to surround the rear edge of the first plate (910). In other words, the discharge path (930) is formed by bending the center of the first plate (910) to communicate with the outside of the reduction furnace, and the first plate (910) forming the discharge path (930) may be characterized in that it protrudes further downward than the lower end of the reduction furnace. The second plate (920) may minimize heat loss of the first plate (910) so as to prevent slag flowing in contact with the first plate (910) inside the reduction furnace from solidifying due to a decrease in temperature. Accordingly, the slag can flow while contacting one side of the first plate (910) and also contacting one side of the first plate (910) in the discharge path (930) and continues to contact one side of the first plate (910) until it falls from the outside of the reduction furnace to the cooling section (800), thereby maintaining a high temperature.

[0146] Meanwhile, the second plate (920) may be characterized by being made of a conductive ceramic material, or may be a material that is heated according to an electrical signal. Alternatively, a ceramic heater for heating the second plate (920) may be further included. Accordingly, when the temperature of the first plate (910) is determined to be lowered while maximizing the insulation performance by the ceramic material, the second plate (920) may be heated through the ceramic heater and heat may be transferred to the first plate (910) to maintain the first plate (910) at a temperature of 1500°C or higher.

[0147] Meanwhile, the slag cooling unit (800) may be arranged at the bottom of the slag plate (900) and may be configured to cool and solidify the slag discharged from the slag plate (900) using cooling water (850) and then discharge it. The slag cooling unit (800) may include a receiving body (810), a cooling water supply unit (830) that supplies cooling water to the receiving body (810), and a water level control unit (820) that controls the level of the cooling water (850) received in the receiving body (810). The receiving body (810) may be configured to store and maintain cooling water therein. The cooling water supply unit (830) may be configured to continuously inject low-temperature cooling water into the receiving body (810).

[0148] The above water level control unit (820) can control the water level of the cooling water (850) contained in the receiving body (810) so that when the cooling water reaches a certain level or higher, the cooling water is discharged to the outside. Therefore, the cooling water (850) can be prevented from coming into contact with the reduction furnace due to a rise in the water level. That is, the water level control unit (820) can maintain the water level of the cooling water (850) so that the cooling water (850) does not come into contact with the bottom of the reduction furnace due to a rise in the water level. If the water level of the cooling water becomes excessively high, it can come into contact with the refractory material at the bottom of the reduction furnace and damage the refractory material. Therefore, the water level control unit (820) can prevent damage to the reduction furnace.

[0149] Meanwhile, the first plate (910) further includes a blocking tip (916) protruding downward from a discharge path (930) for discharging slag to the outside, and the blocking tip (916) may protrude to a position lower than a horizontal plane where the first plate (910) and the second plate (920) come into contact with each other. Accordingly, the slag discharged to the outside of the reduction furnace through the discharge path (930) may fall downward without touching the second plate (920). If the slag comes into contact with the second plate (920), the second plate (920) may be damaged, but the blocking tip (916) prevents the slag from being transferred to the second plate (920) and causes the slag to fall directly downward, thereby preventing damage to the second plate (920).

[0150] To this end, as illustrated in FIG. 35, the portion of the first plate (910) where the blocking tip (916) is formed may be formed spaced apart from the second plate (920) so as not to come into contact with the second plate (920). In addition, the blocking tip (916) may be formed so as to have a thickness that increases from the bottom to the top and to gradually get closer to the second plate (920) from the bottom to the top. By forming the slope in this way, even if slag stays at the lower end of the blocking tip (916), it can be prevented from falling toward the second plate (920).

[0151] Meanwhile, FIG. 36 is a plan view of a slag plate according to another embodiment of the present invention viewed from above, and FIG. 37 is a perspective view schematically showing a unit plate forming a first plate of the slag plate of FIG. 36. That is, the first plate may include a plurality of unit plates, and a plurality of unit plates may be combined to form one first plate. Referring to the plan view of FIG. 36, each unit plate may be configured in a fan shape with a hollow center, and all of the unit plates may be combined to form a first plate forming a central discharge path. By combining a plurality of unit plates in this way to form the first plate (910), replacement and maintenance can be easily performed. In addition, referring to FIG. 37, each unit plate may form an upper surface (915B) disposed inside a reduction furnace, an inclined surface (915A) inclined toward the discharge path, a blocking tip (916), etc. In addition, a plurality of unit plates can be combined with each other to implement the shape of the first plate (910) as described above, and while a plurality of unit plates are combined to form the first plate, the second plate can be formed as a single, undivided layer. Accordingly, the second plate formed as a single body can be combined with the first plate to maintain a more solid state and maximize insulation efficiency.

[0152] In addition, as described in the above drawings 25 to 26, the unit plate (911) includes a first unit plate (910) having a flat upper surface and a second unit plate (911) including a dam portion (940) protruding upward from the middle of the upper surface, and the first plate may include both the first unit plate (910) and the second unit plate (911). In addition, the second unit plate (911) may be arranged on the same vertical line as the waste inlet (1600), and the first unit plate having a flat upper surface may be arranged at another location where the waste inlet is not formed. Accordingly, in the lower part of the waste inlet (1600), by impeding the flow of slag by the dam (940) for wastes that have not yet secured a reaction time (retention time), the slag and unreacted waste mixed therewith can flow for a longer period of time inside the reduction furnace, and the unreacted matter can be minimized. In addition, in the part where the flat first unit plate is arranged, the flow of slag can be made to proceed smoothly.

[0153] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the attached drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but can be manufactured in various different forms. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will understand that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are exemplary in all respects and not restrictive.

Claims

1. In a waste gasification treatment device in which waste is introduced into a reduction furnace and gasified, A waste treatment space including an upper treatment space located at the top, a lower treatment space located at the bottom, and a central treatment space that separates the upper treatment space and the lower treatment space, but has a smaller diameter than the diameters of the lower treatment space and the upper treatment space, inside the above reduction furnace, where waste is gasified; A slag discharge unit from which slag is discharged at the bottom of the above reduction furnace; A gas discharge port from which gas is discharged from the top of the above reduction furnace; A plurality of upper burners supplying oxygen to the upper processing space; and A waste gasification treatment device including a plurality of lower burners supplying oxygen and water vapor to the lower treatment space.

2. In paragraph 1, A waste gasification treatment device characterized in that it further includes a waste inlet for introducing organic matter into the waste treatment space at the central lower part of the above reduction furnace.

3. In paragraph 1, A waste gasification treatment device, characterized in that the central treatment space has a diameter of 50% to 70% of the diameter of the lower treatment space and the upper treatment space.

4. In paragraph 1, The above reduction furnace divides the waste treatment space, and a refractory layer, a refractory insulation layer, an insulation layer, and a steel case are formed radially on a horizontal cross-section. The above refractory layer and the above refractory insulation layer are formed by assembling unit blocks, A waste gasification treatment device characterized in that the above insulation layer includes ceramic fibers.

5. In paragraph 4, A waste gasification treatment device characterized in that the refractory layer of the above reduction furnace further includes a ceramic blanket formed of a material including a ceramic material at a position between the lower treatment space and the central treatment space.

6. In paragraph 1, A waste gasification treatment device characterized in that the upper burner is arranged to slope downward from the vertical direction toward the central treatment space.

7. In paragraph 6, A waste gasification treatment device characterized in that the upper burner is formed to be inclined with respect to an imaginary line directed toward the center point of the waste treatment space in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of upper burners are all arranged to be inclined in the same direction in the horizontal direction.

8. In paragraph 7, The above reduction furnace includes a refractory layer that partitions the waste disposal space, The above refractory layer includes a first burner refractory block to which the upper burner is coupled, A waste gasification treatment device characterized in that the first burner refractory block includes a first penetration portion formed as a hollow space through which the upper burner passes, and the first penetration portion is formed to be inclined downward in a vertical direction from the outside to the inside and inclined toward one end in a horizontal direction.

9. In paragraph 1, A waste gasification treatment device characterized in that the lower burner is arranged to slope downward toward the slag discharge portion.

10. In paragraph 9, A waste gasification treatment device characterized in that the lower burner is formed to be inclined with respect to an imaginary line directed toward the center point of the waste treatment space in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of lower burners are all arranged to be inclined in the same direction in the horizontal direction.

11. In paragraph 10, The above reduction furnace includes a refractory layer that partitions the waste disposal space, The above refractory layer includes a second burner refractory block to which the lower burner is coupled, A waste gasification treatment device characterized in that the second burner refractory block includes a second penetration portion formed as an empty space through which the lower burner passes, and the second penetration portion is formed to be inclined downward in a vertical direction from the outside toward the inside and inclined toward one end in a horizontal direction.

12. In paragraph 1, The refractory block forming the refractory layer further includes a sensor refractory block forming a penetration portion for a temperature sensor to penetrate, A waste gasification treatment device characterized in that the sensor refractory block includes a first sensor refractory block including a first depression line formed by being depressed across the center of the upper surface, a second sensor refractory block including a second depression line formed by being depressed across the right end of the lower surface, and a third sensor refractory block including a third depression line formed by being depressed across the left end of the lower surface, and when the second sensor refractory block and the third sensor refractory block are secured on the upper surface of the first sensor refractory block, the first depression line, the second depression line, and the third depression line face each other to form a penetration portion through which a temperature sensor passes.

13. In paragraph 2, The inner wall of the above reduction furnace A waste gasification treatment device characterized in that it further includes a barrier protruding toward the center of the reduction furnace from a position at the bottom of the waste inlet, and the barriers are arranged in multiple numbers spaced apart from each other so as to face downward.

14. In a waste gasification treatment system in which waste is introduced into a reduction furnace and gasified, The reduction furnace comprises a waste treatment space including an upper treatment space located at the top where waste is gasified inside, a lower treatment space located at the bottom, and a central treatment space that separates the upper treatment space and the lower treatment space but has a smaller diameter than the diameters of the lower treatment space and the upper treatment space; a slag discharge unit from which slag is discharged from the bottom of the reduction furnace; a gas discharge unit from which gas is discharged from the top of the reduction furnace; a plurality of upper burners for supplying oxygen to the upper treatment space; and a plurality of lower burners for supplying oxygen and water vapor to the lower treatment space. A step of reducing and gasifying waste in the lower treatment space of the reduction furnace; and A waste gasification treatment system comprising a step of additionally gasifying unreacted carbon in the upper treatment space.

15. In paragraph 14, Further comprising a step of preheating the reduction furnace by at least one of the upper burner and the lower burner, A waste gasification treatment system characterized in that the above preheating step uses at least one of the upper burner and the lower burner and supplies at least one of hydrogen, oxygen, and LNG gas to preheat the reduction furnace to a temperature range of 900°C to 1100°C.

16. In paragraph 14, The upper burner is arranged so as to slope downward from the vertical direction toward the central processing space, The above lower burner is arranged to slope downward toward the slag discharge portion, A waste gasification treatment system characterized in that the plurality of upper burners and the plurality of lower burners are formed to be inclined in the same direction with respect to an imaginary line directed toward the center point of the waste treatment space in the horizontal direction.

17. In paragraph 16, In the above reduction gasification step, reduction gasification is performed by oxygen and water vapor supplied from the plurality of lower burners, and unreacted carbon is gasified by oxygen supplied from the plurality of upper burners. A waste gasification treatment system characterized in that the above waste and the unreacted carbon are performed while rotating within a waste treatment space on a horizontal plane.

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