Apparatus and method for testing and identifying damaged wood member

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for testing and identifying a damaged wood member. The apparatus comprises a force application apparatus, a force sensor, a fixed steel sleeve, an extendable / retractable pressing head, and an output device. The force application apparatus, the force sensor, and the extendable / retractable pressing head are sequentially connected in a force application direction. Extendable / retractable fixing members are mounted at two sides of the fixed steel sleeve and can be connected to a wood member under test. The extendable / retractable pressing head passes through the fixed steel sleeve to come into contact with the wood member under test, and the extendable / retractable pressing head can move in the fixed steel sleeve in a direction perpendicular to the force application direction. The output device is connected to the force sensor and is used for displaying the magnitude of force measured by the force sensor. In the present invention, safety identification of damaged wood members can be achieved rapidly and conveniently at a construction site, the structure is simple, the testing method is convenient and efficient, and short time is required, thereby improving testing efficiency and result accuracy and saving labor costs. The testing and identification processes would not cause structural damage to wood members, thereby avoiding destructive testing and ensuring the integrity of the wood members.

Description

A damaged wood component detection and identification device and method TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of detection and identification of ancient building wood structures, and in particular to a damaged wood component detection and identification device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional wood structure buildings are important cultural relics and precious historical and cultural heritage in China. With the long-term service of the building, due to self-defects, natural disasters and human damage, many wood components have serious cumulative damage, and their bearing and deformation capacity have been reduced to different degrees, which makes the wood frame in a dangerous state and affects the safety of the structure. In the repair process of wood structure buildings, old materials are usually used as much as possible, so it is necessary to identify the safety of the original damaged wood components and determine whether they can be used for subsequent construction or need to be repaired and replaced.

[0003] The existing wood structure ancient building identification method is mainly based on the GB / T 50165-2020 "Ancient Building Wood Structure Maintenance and Reinforcement Technical Standard" specification, and the detection and identification is carried out according to the evaluation limit of wood component damage points. There are many items to be investigated, the workload is large, and many instruments and personnel are needed, resulting in increased cost. In addition, there is no specific limit to the division of wood component damage grades in the standard, which is left to the discretion of the identification personnel. This not only often makes the identification personnel at a loss, but also easily causes disputes on the identification conclusion.

[0004] SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a damaged wood component detection and identification device and method to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a damaged wood component detection and identification device, which comprises a force applying device, a force sensor, a fixed steel sleeve, a telescopic pressure head and an output device,

[0007] The force applying device, force sensor and telescopic pressure head are connected in sequence along the force applying direction;

[0008] The fixed steel sleeve is provided with telescopic fixing members on both sides, which can be connected with the wood component to be tested. The telescopic pressure head penetrates through the fixed steel sleeve and contacts the wood component to be tested, and the telescopic pressure head can move in the fixed steel sleeve along a direction perpendicular to the force applying direction;

[0009] The output device is connected to the force sensor for displaying the force value detected by the force sensor.

[0010] Preferably, the telescopic fixing member comprises a telescopic steel pipe, a steel plate and a steel nail, one end of the telescopic steel pipe is connected with the fixed steel sleeve, the other end is connected with the steel plate, the steel plate is attached to the wood member to be tested, and the steel nail is connected with the wood member to be tested through the steel plate.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic pressure head comprises a cylindrical sleeve, a retractable rod and a hemispherical pressure head, one end of the cylindrical sleeve is connected with the force sensor, the other end is connected with the hemispherical pressure head through the retractable rod, and the retractable rod can be telescoped in the cylindrical sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, the hemispherical pressure head is detachably connected with the retractable rod.

[0013] Preferably, the side surface of the retractable rod is marked with a scale.

[0014] Preferably, the middle part of the cylindrical sleeve is provided with a convex waist ridge, the inside of the fixed steel sleeve is provided with a waist inner notch matched with the waist ridge, the waist ridge is limited in the waist inner notch and can slide along the length direction of the fixed steel sleeve.

[0015] The application also provides a detection and identification method of damaged wood members, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: using the detection and identification device of damaged wood members, fixing the telescopic fixing member at both ends of the wood member to be tested, moving the position of the fixed steel sleeve on the wood member to be tested, turning on the force applying device, and obtaining the force value of the output device and the displacement value of the telescopic pressure head under pressure at different positions;

[0017] Step 2: judging the safety of the wood member to be tested by the following formula:

[0018] wherein k is the wood member damage state judgment coefficient, L1 is the actual decay depth of the wood member measured in step 1, unit: mm; P1 and P2 are respectively the force values measured at the intact part and the severely decayed part of the wood member, unit: N; L2 is the actual cracking depth of the wood member, unit: mm; L0 is the lateral height of the wood member, unit: mm; d is the diameter of the wood member to be tested, unit: mm; and L is the length of the wood member to be tested.

[0019] Step 3: judging the damage grade of the wood member to be tested based on the value of the wood member damage state judgment coefficient k.

[0020] Preferably, in step 3, if k>=5, it is determined that the damage level of the wood component to be tested is "light damage"; if 2.6<=k<5, it is determined that the damage level of the wood component to be tested is "moderate damage"; if k<2.6, it is determined that the damage level of the wood component to be tested is "severe damage".

[0021] Preferably, the repair and reinforcement measures for the wood component to be tested are determined based on the determined damage level.

[0022] Preferably, in step 1, the method for obtaining the force value of the output device corresponding to different positions and the displacement value of the retractable pressure head under pressure includes:

[0023] Sliding the fixed steel sleeve to slide the retractable pressure head to a place where no decay occurs, starting the force applying device, and pressing the retractable pressure head to a standard position to measure the maximum force value P1; adjusting the position of the fixed steel sleeve, sliding the retractable pressure head to a place where the wood component is most severely decayed, starting the force applying device, and pressing the retractable pressure head to a standard position to measure the maximum force value P2; continuing to control the force applying device to further press the retractable pressure head until the force value displayed by the output device first reaches P1, stopping loading, and measuring the loading displacement L1.

[0024] Adjusting the position of the fixed steel sleeve, sliding the retractable pressure head to a place where the lateral height of the wood component is most obvious, starting the force applying device, and pressing the retractable pressure head to a standard position to stop loading and measure the loading displacement L0.

[0025] Adjusting the position of the fixed steel sleeve, sliding the retractable pressure head to a place where the wood component is most severely cracked, starting the force applying device, and pressing the retractable pressure head to a standard position to measure the maximum force value P3; then aiming the retractable pressure head at the crack of the wood component and gradually pressing it into the deep part of the crack until the force value displayed by the output device first reaches P3, stopping loading, and measuring the loading displacement L2.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the wood component damage detection and identification device and method provided by the present application has the following advantages:

[0027] 1. The present application can quickly and conveniently identify the safety of damaged wood components on the construction site, has a simple structure, a convenient and fast detection method, short time consumption, improves the detection efficiency and result accuracy, and saves labor cost.

[0028] 2. The detection and identification process of the present application does not cause structural damage to the wood component, avoids destructive testing, and ensures the integrity of the wood component and the overall structure.

[0029] 3. By using the detection and identification method provided by the application, the identification personnel can clearly define the damage level of the wood component to be detected, solve the problem that the existing identification method has no specific limit for the division of the damage level of the wood component, make the identification result more reliable and unified, and avoid the problem that the identification personnel freely determines the damage level, which leads to the identification conclusion being easily disputed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the application of the detection and identification device for damaged wood components in an embodiment of the application;

[0031] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the detection and identification device for damaged wood components in an embodiment of the application;

[0032] Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic pressure head in an embodiment of the application.

[0033] In the figure: 01 is a wood component to be detected; 10 is a force applying device; 11 is a force applying rod; 20 is a force sensor; 30 is a fixed steel sleeve; 31 is a waist inner notch; 40 is a telescopic fixing piece; 41 is a telescopic steel pipe; 42 is a steel plate; 43 is a steel nail; 50 is a telescopic pressure head; 51 is a cylindrical sleeve; 52 is an inwardly retracting rod; 53 is a hemispherical pressure head; 54 is a waist ridge; and 60 is an output device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to more fully describe the technical solutions of the above-mentioned application, the following specific embodiments are listed to prove the technical effects; it should be emphasized that these embodiments are used to illustrate the application and not to limit the scope of the application.

[0035] The detection and identification device for damaged wood components provided by the application, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, comprises a force applying device 10, a force sensor 20, a fixed steel sleeve 30, a telescopic pressure head 50, and an output device 60, wherein:

[0036] The force applying device 10, the force sensor 20, and the telescopic pressure head 50 are connected in sequence along the force applying direction. After the force applying device 10 is turned on, the force applying device 10 applies pressure downward at a constant speed by using the force applying rod 11 at the bottom. The force applying rod 11 is connected to the lower force sensor 20 through the threads at the bottom. The force sensor 20 at the bottom is connected to the telescopic pressure head 50 through the threaded sleeve, so as to realize the transmission of pressure. At the same time, the force sensor 20 can detect the force value in real time.

[0037] The fixed steel sleeve 30 is provided with telescopic fixing pieces 40 on both sides, and the telescopic fixing pieces 40 can be connected to the wood component to be detected 01.

[0038] The telescopic pressure head 50 is in contact with the wood member 01 to be tested through the fixed steel sleeve 30, and the pressure applied by the force applying device 10 is transmitted to the wood member 01 to be tested; and the telescopic pressure head 50 can move in the fixed steel sleeve 30 in a direction perpendicular to the force applying direction, that is, by adjusting the position of the telescopic pressure head 50 in the fixed steel sleeve 30, the contact position of the telescopic pressure head 50 with the wood member 01 to be tested can be adjusted.

[0039] The output device 60 is connected to the force sensor 20 and is used to display the force value detected by the force sensor 20. Specifically, the force sensor 20 can be connected to the output device 60 through a data line, and the force sensor 20 transmits the real-time load in the detection process to the output device 60 and displays it on the corresponding position of the display screen.

[0040] The present application can quickly, accurately and conveniently detect and identify the damage condition of the wood member on site, has a simple structure, improves the detection efficiency and result accuracy, and saves the labor cost; the detection and identification process of the present application does not cause structural damage to the wood member, avoids destructive testing, and ensures the integrity of the wood member and the overall structure.

[0041] In some embodiments, please continue to refer to FIGS. 1 and 2, the telescopic fixing part 40 includes a telescopic steel pipe 41, a steel plate 42 and a steel nail 43, one end of the telescopic steel pipe 41 is connected with the fixed steel sleeve 30, the other end is connected with the steel plate 42, and the length of the telescopic steel pipe 41 is adjustable; the steel plate 42 is attached to the wood member 01 to be tested, the steel nail 43 passes through the steel plate 42 and is connected with the wood member 01 to be tested, the length of the telescopic steel pipe 41 is adjusted, and then the steel plate 42 is fixed on the wood member 01 to be tested at the corresponding position by using the steel nail 43.

[0042] In some embodiments, please refer to FIG. 3, and combine FIGS. 1 and 2, the telescopic pressure head 50 includes a cylindrical sleeve 51, a retractable rod 52 and a hemispherical head 53, the retractable rod 52 passes through the cylindrical sleeve 51, the upper end is connected with the force sensor 20, and the lower end is connected with the hemispherical head 53; the cylindrical sleeve 51 is limited in the fixed steel sleeve 30, and the pressure of the force applying rod 11 on the retractable rod 52 completes the pressing and retraction of the hemispherical head 53.

[0043] In some embodiments, the hemispherical head 53 is detachably connected with the retractable rod 52, which facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the hemispherical head 53 with appropriate size, for example, the hemispherical height of a certain hemispherical head 53 can be 40mm, and the diameter is 80mm.

[0044] In some embodiments, the side surface of the retractable rod 52 is marked with a scale, and the forward displacement value of the retractable rod 52 can be read in real time.

[0045] In some embodiments, please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the middle part of the cylindrical sleeve 51 is provided with a convex waist ridge 54, the inside of the fixed steel sleeve 30 is provided with a waist inner notch 31 matched with the waist ridge 54, the waist ridge 54 is limited in the waist inner notch 31 and can slide along the length direction of the fixed steel sleeve 30 (perpendicular to the force direction).

[0046] The application also provides a detection and identification method of damaged wood components, comprising the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: using the detection and identification device of damaged wood components, fixing the telescopic fixing part 40 at both ends of the wood component to be tested 01, stretching the telescopic steel pipes 41 at both ends of the fixed steel sleeve 30 to the same length as the wood component to be tested 01, then nailing the steel nails 43 at the ends into the ends of the wood component to be tested 01 until the steel plates 42 at the ends tightly adhere to the surface of the wood component to be tested 01, so as to stably fix the fixed steel sleeve 30 on the wood component to be tested 01. Moving the position of the fixed steel sleeve 30 on the wood component to be tested 01, turning on the force applying device 10, and obtaining the force value of the output device and the displacement value of the telescopic pressure head under pressure at different positions, specifically:

[0048] Firstly, controlling the force applying device 10 to collect the hemispherical pressure head 53 at the bottom of the telescopic pressure head 50 to the initial position, then sliding the fixed steel sleeve 30 to slide the telescopic pressure head 50 to the place where no decay occurs, starting the force applying device 10, and pressing the telescopic pressure head 50 to the standard position to measure the maximum force value P1. In this embodiment, the position when the bottom (plane) of the hemispherical pressure head 53 is collected to the position flush with the bottom of the cylindrical sleeve 51 is defined as the initial position, and the position when the entire hemispherical pressure head 53 is completely sunk into the wood is defined as the standard position. Collecting the hemispherical pressure head 53 to the initial position, adjusting the position of the fixed steel sleeve 30, sliding the telescopic pressure head 50 to the place where the wood component is most severely decayed, starting the force applying device 10, and pressing the telescopic pressure head 50 to the standard position to measure the maximum force value P2. Continuing to control the force applying device 10 to further press the telescopic pressure head 50 until the force value displayed by the output device 60 reaches P1 for the first time, stopping loading, and reading the scale on the retractable rod 52 to measure the loading displacement L1. The purpose of this step is to measure the decay degree of the specific cross section of the wood component, and to evaluate the damage of the wood component by combining the measured decay depth and the force value representing the hardness of the wood with the calculation formula provided subsequently.

[0049] Adjust the position of the fixed steel sleeve 30, slide the telescopic pressure head 50 to the most obvious lateral height of the wood member, start the force applying device 10, and the telescopic pressure head 50 is pressed to the standard position. Stop loading and read the scale on the telescopic rod 52 to measure the loading displacement L0. The purpose of this step is to quickly determine the lateral height or deflection value of the wood member, which is combined with the calculation formula provided later to evaluate the damage of the wood member.

[0050] Adjust the position of the fixed steel sleeve 30, slide the telescopic pressure head 50 to the most obvious lateral height of the wood member, start the force applying device 10, and the telescopic pressure head 50 is pressed to the standard position. Stop loading and read the scale on the telescopic rod 52 to measure the loading displacement L0. The purpose of this step is to quickly determine the lateral height or deflection value of the wood member, which is combined with the calculation formula provided later to evaluate the damage of the wood member.

[0051] Step 2: Safety identification of the wood member 01 is judged by the following formula:

[0052] Wherein, k is the wood member damage state judgment coefficient, L1 is the actual decay depth of the wood member measured in step 1, unit mm; P1, P2 are the force values measured at the intact and severely decayed parts of the wood member respectively, unit N; L2 is the actual cracking depth of the wood member, unit mm; L0 is the lateral height of the wood member, unit mm; d is the diameter of the wood member, unit mm; L is the length of the wood member.

[0053] The above formula combines the force and displacement values measured by the device at one time, and comprehensively considers the decay degree, cracking condition and overall deformation of the damaged wood member. Through analysis and fitting of a large amount of measured data, the safety identification of the wood member 01 can be quickly and accurately judged, which provides a basis for reasonable repair of ancient building wood structure.

[0054] Step 3: Based on the value of the wood member damage state judgment coefficient k, the damage grade of the wood member 01 is determined.

[0055] Specifically, if k is greater than or equal to 5, it is determined that the wood component under test has a damage level of "mild damage"; if 2.6 is less than k, it is determined that the wood component under test has a damage level of "severe damage". In some embodiments, a reinforcement and repair measure for the wood component under test 01 can be determined based on the determined damage level. For example, for "mild damage", no reinforcement measure can be taken; for "moderate damage", reinforcement and repair measures can be taken as appropriate; and for "severe damage", reinforcement and repair measures must be taken immediately.

[0056] With the detection and identification method provided by the present application, the identification personnel can clearly define the damage level of the wood component under test 01, solving the problem that the existing identification method has no specific limit for the division of the damage level of the wood component, making the identification result more reliable and uniform, and avoiding the problem that the identification conclusion is easy to cause objections due to the identification personnel's discretion of the damage level. In addition, the above method is high in efficiency, low in cost, high in identification accuracy, and easy to popularize.

[0057] In summary, the detection and identification device and method for damaged wood components provided by the present application, the device comprises a force applying device 10, a force sensor 20, a fixed steel sleeve 30, a telescopic pressure head 50 and an output device 60, the force applying device 10, the force sensor 20 and the telescopic pressure head 50 are connected in sequence along the force applying direction; the fixed steel sleeve 30 is provided with telescopic fixing members 40 on both sides, the telescopic fixing members 40 can be connected with the wood component under test 01; the telescopic pressure head 50 passes through the fixed steel sleeve 30 and contacts the wood component under test 01, and the telescopic pressure head 50 can move in the fixed steel sleeve 30 along a direction perpendicular to the force applying direction; the output device 60 is connected to the force sensor 20 for displaying the force value detected by the force sensor 20. The present application can quickly and conveniently identify the safety of damaged wood components on the construction site, has a simple structure, improves the detection efficiency and result accuracy, and saves labor cost; the detection and identification process of the present application will not cause structural damage to the wood component, avoids destructive testing, and ensures the integrity of the wood component and the overall structure.

[0058] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method of detecting and identifying a damaged wood member, characterized by, The application discloses a detection and identification device for damaged wood components, which comprises a force applying device, a force sensor, a fixed steel sleeve, a telescopic pressure head and an output device. The force applying device, the force sensor and the telescopic pressure head are sequentially connected along a force applying direction. Two sides of the fixed steel sleeve are respectively provided with telescopic fixing members, which can be connected with the wood component to be detected. The telescopic pressure head penetrates through the fixed steel sleeve and contacts the wood component to be detected, and the telescopic pressure head can move in a direction perpendicular to the force applying direction in the fixed steel sleeve. The output device is connected to the force sensor and is used for displaying the force value detected by the force sensor. The detection and identification method for damaged wood components comprises the following steps. In step 1, the telescopic fixing members are fixed at two ends of the wood component to be detected by using the detection and identification device for damaged wood components, the position of the fixed steel sleeve on the wood component to be detected is moved, the force applying device is started, and the force value of the output device corresponding to different positions and the displacement value of the telescopic pressure head are obtained. Step 2: Safety qualification of the wood member to be tested is determined by the following formula: Wherein, k is a wood component damage state judgment coefficient, L1 is the actual decay depth of the wood component measured in step 1, and the unit is mm; P1 and P2 are respectively the force values measured at the intact wood component and the severely decayed wood component, and the unit is N; L2 is the actual cracking depth of the wood component, and the unit is mm; L0 is the lateral height of the wood component, and the unit is mm; d is the diameter of the wood component to be detected, and the unit is mm; and L is the length of the wood component to be detected. In step 3, the damage level of the wood component to be detected is judged based on the value of the wood component damage state judgment coefficient k.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the damaged wood member is identified by the following steps of: The telescopic fixing member comprises a telescopic steel pipe, a steel plate and a steel nail, one end of the telescopic steel pipe is connected with the fixed steel sleeve, the other end is connected with the steel plate, the steel plate is attached to the wood component to be detected, and the steel nail penetrates through the steel plate and is connected with the wood component to be detected. ​ 3. The method for detecting and identifying damaged wooden components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic pressure head comprises a cylindrical sleeve, an inner telescopic rod and a hemispherical pressure head, one end of the cylindrical sleeve is connected with the force sensor, the other end is connected with the hemispherical pressure head through the inner telescopic rod, and the inner telescopic rod can be telescoped in the cylindrical sleeve.

4. The method for detecting and identifying damaged wooden components as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The hemispherical pressure head is detachably connected with the inner telescopic rod.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of identifying the damaged wood member is performed by using a computer program. The side surface of the inner telescopic rod is marked with a scale.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of identifying the damaged wood member is performed by using a computer program. The middle part of the cylindrical sleeve is provided with a convex waist ridge, the inside of the fixed steel sleeve is provided with a waist inner slot matching the waist ridge, the waist ridge is limited in the waist inner slot and can slide along the length direction of the fixed steel sleeve.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the damaged wood member is a door. In step 3, if k is greater than or equal to 5, it is judged that the damage level of the wood component to be detected is "mild damage"; if 2.6 is less than k and greater than 5, it is judged that the damage level of the wood component to be detected is "moderate damage"; and if k is less than 2.6, it is judged that the damage level of the wood component to be detected is "severe damage".

8. The method for detecting and identifying damaged wooden components as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Based on the judged damage level, the repair and reinforcement measures for the wood component to be detected are determined.

9. The method for detecting and identifying damaged wooden components as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the method for obtaining the force value of the output device corresponding to different positions and the displacement value of the telescopic pressure head comprises the following steps. Sliding the fixed steel sleeve to slide the telescopic pressure head to the place where no decay occurs, starting the force applying device, the telescopic pressure head is pressed down to the standard position, the maximum force value of this time is measured as P1; adjusting the position of the fixed steel sleeve, sliding the telescopic pressure head to the place where the decay of the wood member is the most serious, starting the force applying device, the telescopic pressure head is pressed down to the standard position, the maximum force value of this time is measured as P2, the force applying device is continuously controlled, the telescopic pressure head is continuously pressed down until the output device displays the force value reaching P1 for the first time, the loading is stopped, and the loading displacement of this time is measured as L1; adjusting the position of the fixed steel sleeve, sliding the telescopic pressure head to the place where the lateral height of the wood member is the most obvious, starting the force applying device, the telescopic pressure head is pressed down to the standard position, the loading is stopped, and the loading displacement of this time is measured as L0; adjusting the position of the fixed steel sleeve, sliding the telescopic pressure head to the place where the cracking of the wood member is the most serious, starting the force applying device, the telescopic pressure head is pressed down at the intact place first until the telescopic pressure head is pressed down to the standard position, the maximum force value of this time is measured as P3; then the telescopic pressure head is aligned with the crack of the wood member, and is gradually pressed down to the deep part of the crack until the output device displays the force value reaching P3 for the first time, the loading is stopped, and the loading displacement of this time is measured as L2.

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