Non-oriented silicon steel strip
By storing hot rolled coils of non-oriented silicon steel at 600-1050℃ in a protective atmosphere, the method addresses grain boundary pinning issues, resulting in non-oriented silicon steel strip with improved core (iron) loss and magnetic induction properties.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/113036
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-08-06
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-12
AI Technical Summary
Twin roll thin strip continuous casting technology struggles to produce non-oriented silicon steel strip with coarse grains that facilitate high-performance core (iron) loss and magnetic inductance properties due to grain boundary pinning by small precipitates.
Storing hot rolled coils of non-oriented silicon steel strip at a temperature of 600-1050℃ in a protective atmosphere for 2-50 hours to allow precipitates to grow to a size that reduces grain boundary pinning, followed by annealing to achieve desired grain size and magnetic properties.
Produces non-oriented silicon steel strip with reduced core (iron) loss and increased magnetic induction, outperforming conventional methods by achieving core (iron) loss of 2.6W/kg or less and magnetic induction of 1.72T or higher.
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Figure CN2025113036_12022026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
NON-ORIENTED SILICON STEEL STRIP TECHNICAL FIELD AND BACKGROUND
[0001] The invention relates to manufacturing non-oriented silicon steel strip in a twin roll caster.
[0002] Silicon steel is an important energy-saving soft magnetic metallic material with a wide range of applications including the electric and electronic applications.
[0003] Non-oriented silicon steel thin strip is mainly used as a core material of motors and micro-motors. For example, non-oriented silicon steel thin strip is used on stators and rotor cores of medium-high frequency motors that need low core (iron) loss and high magnetic induction.
[0004] Manufacturing high-performance non-oriented silicon steel thin strip, i.e. non-oriented silicon steel thin strip with low core (iron) loss and high magnetic induction is crucial for motor efficiency.
[0005] There is high demand for non-oriented silicon steel thin strip in China and elsewhere.
[0006] There is particularly high demand for high performance core materials for motors in China and elsewhere.
[0007] The applicant has realized that twin roll thin strip continuous casting technology is potentially well-suited for preparing high-performance non-oriented silicon steel thin strip and there are opportunities to produce strip having at least comparable and potentially better properties such as core (iron) loss and magnetic inductance compared to strip produced by conventional technology.
[0008] In this context, “conventional technology” is understood to include a manufacturing method that comprises slab casting a slab of non-oriented silicon steel and processing the slab in a series of steps including slab heating, hot rolling, cold rolling, normalizing (annealing) steps to produce thin strip.
[0009] Twin roll thin strip continuous casting technology is a near-net forming technology with shape, size and quality that is close to that of a final product.
[0010] In a twin roll thin strip caster, molten steel is delivered from a delivery system to a casting pool supported on casting surfaces of a pair of counter-rotated horizontal casting rolls, which are internally water cooled so that solidified metal shells form on the moving casting roll surfaces. The steel shells are brought together at a nip between the casting rolls to produce a solidified strip product delivered downwardly from the nip between the casting rolls. The term “nip” is used herein to refer to the general region at which the casting rolls are closest together. The thin strip exits the nip, passes across a guide table, through a pinch roll stand and then through a hot rolling mill, where the thin strip is reduced to a desired thickness. The section of the apparatus between the caster and the rolling mill is enclosed so that it is possible to control the atmosphere around the strip as it passes from the caster to the hot rolling mill. The hot rolled strip is cooled to form strip with a required microstructure for end use applications. The cooled strip is then coiled, with a shear cutting the strip periodically upstream of the coiler to form required lengths of strip in each coil.
[0011] Twin roll thin strip continuous casting technology has advantages in relation to the conventional technology in that molten steel is directly solidified to form a thin strip, and more complex slab casting and subsequent processing steps of the conventional technology are not needed.
[0012] However, it has been found that it is difficult for twin roll thin strip continuous casting technology known to the applicant to produce coarse grains in a final non-oriented silicon steel strip product that facilitate (at least in part) core (iron) loss and magnetic inductance properties that are required for high-performance non-oriented silicon steel strip.
[0013] Therefore, twin roll thin strip continuous casting technology known to the applicant does not produce high-performance non-oriented silicon steel strip.
[0014] The above comments are not an admission of the common general knowledge in China or elsewhere.SUMMARY
[0015] The invention provides a method based on twin roll thin strip continuous casting technology that improves magnetic properties of non-oriented silicon steel strip compared to known twin roll strip casting technology by reducing the impact of grain boundary pinning on grain growth in steel in the strip.
[0016] The invention is based on a realization that storing coils of twin roll cast and hot rolled non-oriented silicon steel strip at a temperature in a range of 600-1050℃ in a protective atmosphere for a selected time period provides an opportunity to grow precipitates to a size where they do not significantly pin grain boundaries so that the grains can grow in a subsequent annealing step to a size that facilitates (at least in part) core (iron) loss and magnetic inductance properties that are required for high-performance non-oriented silicon steel strip.
[0017] The invention provides a method for producing non-oriented silicon steel strip based on twin roll thin strip continuous casting technology, the method comprising the steps of: 1) Producing molten steel: producing molten steel, for example in a converter or an electric furnace, having the following non-oriented silicon steel composition, by weight%: C: ≤0.004 wt%; Si: 1.5 -3.5 wt%; Mn: 0.3 -2.2 wt%; S: ≤0.0025 wt%; P: ≤0.03 wt%; Al: ≤1.00 wt%; Ti: ≤0.002 wt%; N: ≤0.002 wt%; and the balance iron and impurities and inclusions; 2) Strip casting: supplying molten non-oriented silicon steel into a molten pool of a twin-roll strip caster having counter-rotating casting rolls defining a nip between the rolls and forming an as-cast strip that passes downwardly from the nip with a thickness of less than 3.0 mm, typically 1.0-2.8 mm; 3) Hot rolling: hot rolling the as-cast strip and reducing a thickness of the strip in a hot rolling mill, typically in one-pass, and forming a hot-rolled thin strip with a thickness of less than 2.2 mm, typically less than 2.0 mm; 4) Cooling: optionally cooling the hot rolled thin strip; 5) Coiling the hot rolled thin strip: coiling the hot rolled thin strip into a hot rolled thin strip coil at a temperature of more than 400℃; 6) Preserving coil heat: storing the coil at a temperature in a range of 600-1050℃ in a protective atmosphere, such as a nitrogen-containing or an argon-containing atmosphere, for 2 -50 hours and increasing the size of precipitates in the steel to a size of more than 100 nm; 5) Cold rolling: pickling the hot rolled thin strip to remove surface oxides and cold rolling the hot rolled thin strip into a cold rolled thin strip with a thickness of not more than 0.5 mm; and 6) Annealing: annealing the cold rolled thin strip in a temperature range of 850-1150℃ to obtain a non- oriented silicon steel with a grain size of 100-300 μm and high magnetic induction and low core (iron) loss.
[0018] The term “strip” is understood herein to comprise (a) opposed surfaces extending along a length and across a width of the strip and (b) opposed side edges on opposite sides of the surfaces extending along the length of the strip.
[0019] The term “impurities” means elements in the melt as an inevitable result of steelmaking practices or as a consequence of the feed materials for steelmaking. These tend to be non-metallic elements. Examples of impurities are N, P, S, and H.
[0020] The term “inclusions” means compounds that form during steelmaking. Examples of “inclusions” include AlN and MnS.
[0021] The term “precipitates” means compounds that form during casting and downstream processing of cast strip. Examples of “precipitates” include sulfides, carbides, and nitrites, such as MnS, noting that MnS can be regarded as an impurity in some situations and a precipitate in other situations.
[0022] The term “protective” atmosphere means an atmosphere that minimises oxidation of steel in the strip. By way of example, the “protective” atmosphere may be a nitrogen-containing or an argon-containing atmosphere.
[0023] The numerical values of “grain size” are understood herein to be average grain size values. Typically, grain size measurements are made by looking at 3D grain structures on a 2D plane and determining an average value.
[0024] The thickness of as-cast strip may be 1.8 to 2.6 mm.
[0025] The method may comprise protecting the as-cast strip in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere as the strip passes from the twin roll caster to the hot rolling mill.
[0026] The method may comprise hot rolling the as-cast strip with the cast strip entering the hot rolling mill at an average mill entry temperature of 1100℃ or more.
[0027] The thickness of the hot rolled strip may be less than 1.9 mm.
[0028] The cooling step is optional, but may be included in the method. A skilled person will be able to assess whether a cooling step is required in any given situation. The method aims to get the coil into storage at the hottest possible temperature and therefore minimal cooling is preferred.
[0029] It is noted that there will be some unavoidable air cooling between the hot mill and the coiler.
[0030] It is also noted that the term “cooling” is understood herein to mean cooling at a greater cooling rate than air cooling, such as water-cooling.
[0031] The coiling temperature of the hot rolled steel strip may be 500℃ or higher.
[0032] The coil of the hot rolled steel strip may be stored at a temperature in a range of 700-1050℃.
[0033] The coil of the hot rolled steel strip may be stored for a time period of 2-30 hours.
[0034] The size of the precipitates in the steel in the stored coil may be 150 nm or more.
[0035] The cold rolling step may comprise not less than four cold rolling passes.
[0036] The thickness of the cold rolled strip may be not more than 0.35 mm.
[0037] The annealing temperature range may be 900-1150℃.
[0038] The method may comprise controlling the annealing step so that the grain size of the annealed non-oriented silicon steel is 120-280 μm.
[0039] The method may comprise controlling the annealing step so that the grain size of the annealed non-oriented silicon steel is 125-260 μm.
[0040] The invention also provides a non-oriented silicon steel strip produced by the above-described method.
[0041] The invention also provides a non-oriented silicon steel strip produced by the above-described method having a core (iron) loss at 1.5T and 50Hz (P1.5 / 50) that is not higher than 2.6W / kg.
[0042] The invention also provides a non-oriented silicon steel strip produced by the above-described method having a core (iron) loss at 1.5T and 50Hz (P1.5 / 50) that is not higher than 2.5W / kg.
[0043] The invention also provides a non-oriented silicon steel strip produced by the above-described method having a magnetic induction intensity at 5000 A / m (B5000) that is not less than 1.72T.
[0044] The invention also provides a non-oriented silicon steel strip produced by the above-described method having a magnetic induction intensity at 5000 A / m (B5000) that is not less than 1.76T.
[0045] The invention also provides a non-oriented silicon steel strip produced by the above-described method having a reduced core (iron) loss compared to that of strip produced by conventional technology.
[0046] The invention also provides a non-oriented silicon steel produced by the above-described method having an increased magnetic inductance intensity compared to that of strip produced by conventional technology.
[0047] The invention also provides an apparatus for producing a non-oriented silicon steel strip comprising: (a) a unit operation for producing molten non-oriented silicon steel having the following non-oriented silicon steel composition, by weight%: C: ≤0.004 wt%; Si: 1.5 -3.5 wt%; Mn: 0.3 -2.2 wt%; S: ≤0.0025 wt%; P: ≤0.03 wt%; Al: ≤1.00 wt%; Ti: ≤0.002 wt%; N: ≤0.002 wt%; and the balance iron and impurities and inclusions; (b) a twin roll caster for producing as-cast strip having a thickness of 1.0-2.8 mm from the molten non-oriented silicon steel, (c) a hot rolling mill for hot rolling the as-cast strip to a thickness of less than 2.0 mm; (d) optionally a cooling unit for cooling the hot rolled strip; (e) a coiler for coiling the hot rolled strip at a coiling temperature of more than 400℃; (f) a coil store for storing the coil at a temperature in a range of 600-1050℃ in a protective atmosphere, such as a nitrogen-containing or argon-containing atmosphere, for 2 -50 hours; (g) a cold rolling mill for pickling and cold rolling the strip in the coil from the coil store to form a cold rolled strip having a thickness of not more than 0.5 mm; and (h) an annealing unit for annealing the cold rolled strip at a temperature in a range of 850-1150℃ to obtain a non-oriented silicon steel with a grain size of 100-300 μm and high magnetic induction and low core (iron) loss.
[0048] Beneficial technical effects
[0049] The method of the invention controls the microstructure of the hot rolled steel strip to obtain the high-performance non-oriented silicon steel with high magnetic induction and low core (iron) loss.
[0050] Compared with the conventional technology (as described above) , the method makes it possible to produce non-oriented silicon steel strip with a core (iron) loss at 1.5T and 50Hz (P1.5 / 50) reduced by 0.5 W / kg and a magnetic induction intensity at 5000 A / m (B5000) increased by more than 300 gauss.
[0051] In the method, there is only a small thickness reduction in the hot rolling step and only a small thickness reduction in the cold rolling step compared with the higher thickness reductions in the conventional technology (as described above) . Therefore, the method avoids forming unfavorable grain textures for magnetic induction, and the magnetic induction intensity is higher than that of the non-oriented silicon steel obtained by the conventional technology (as described above) .
[0052] The method has the benefits of twin roll thin strip continuous casting technology over the conventional technology (as described above) including directly casting thin strip from molten steel in less than 0.2 seconds.
[0053] One issue with twin roll thin strip continuous casting technology for producing non-oriented silicon steel strip is that here is very little time for elements (including Mn, S, Al, and N) in the molten steel to form large precipitates in solidified steel. This can be problematic. Small precipitates that are present as atomic clusters or as precipitates with a size of less than 100 nm can pin grain boundaries and make it difficult to grow grains to a size required for high-performance non-oriented silicon steel thin strip. The step of storing hot rolled coils at a temperature in a range of 600-1050℃ in a protective atmosphere for 2 -50 hours allows the precipitates to grow to a size, typically at least 150 nm, that reduces pinning of grain boundaries and has a beneficial impact on grain growth in the subsequent annealing step.
[0054] The method may include superheating the molten non-oriented silicon steel to a superheat temperature before transferring the molten steel to the twin roll caster.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0055] In order that the invention may be described in more detail, some illustrative examples will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
[0056] Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the unit operations of one embodiment of an apparatus for producing a non-oriented silicon steel strip in accordance with the invention; and
[0057] Figure 2 is diagrammatical side view of an embodiment of a twin roll caster and hot rolling mill that are two of the unit operation shown in Figure 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0058] The following description of an embodiment of a method and an apparatus for producing a non-oriented silicon steel strip in accordance with the invention is not the only embodiment.
[0059] All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art of the invention that are based on the described embodiment without any creative endeavors fall into the scope of the invention.
[0060] Unless defined otherwise, the technical terms or scientific terminology as used in the present disclosure should take the meaning usually understood by a person skilled in the art of the invention.
[0061] Referring to Figure 1, one embodiment of an apparatus for producing a non-oriented silicon steel strip in accordance with the invention comprises the following unit operations: (a) a unit operation 101 for producing molten non-oriented silicon steel having the following non-oriented silicon steel composition, by weight%: C: ≤0.004 wt%; Si: 1.5 -3.5 wt%; Mn: 0.3 -2.2 wt%; S: ≤0.0025 wt%; P: ≤0.03 wt%; Al: ≤1.00 wt%; Ti: ≤0.002 wt%; N: ≤0.002 wt%; and the balance iron and impurities and inclusions; (b) a twin roll caster 103 for producing as-cast strip having a thickness of 1.0-2.8 mm from the molten non-oriented silicon steel, (c) a hot rolling mill 105 for hot rolling the as-cast strip to a thickness of less than 2.0 mm; (d) an optional unit (not shown) for cooling the hot rolled strip, (e) a coiler 107 for coiling the hot rolled strip at a coiling temperature of more than 400℃; (f) a coil store 109 for storing the hot rolled coil at a temperature in a range of 600- 1050℃ in a protective atmosphere (such as a nitrogen-containing or any other suitable atmosphere) for 2 -50 hours; (g) a pickling line 111 for pickling the strip in the coil from the coil store, (h) a cold rolling mill 113 for cold rolling the pickled strip to form a cold rolled strip having a thickness of not more than 0.5 mm; and (i) an annealing unit 115 for annealing the cold rolled strip at a temperature in a range of 850-1150℃ to obtain a non-oriented silicon steel 117 with a grain size of 100-300 μm and high magnetic induction and low core (iron) loss.
[0062] The term “impurities” means elements in the melt as an inevitable result of steelmaking practices or as a consequence of the feed materials for steelmaking. These tend to be non-metallic elements. Examples of impurities are N, P, S, and H.
[0063] The term “inclusions” means compounds that form during steelmaking. Examples of “inclusions” include AlN and MnS.
[0064] The term “precipitates” means compounds that form during casting and downstream processing of cast strip. Examples of “precipitates” include sulfides, carbides, and nitrites, such as MnS, noting that MnS can be regarded as an impurity in some situations and a precipitate in other situations.
[0065] The steelmaking unit operation 101 may be any known operation, for example electric furnace-based or converter-based operation.
[0066] The twin roll caster 103, hot rolling mill 105, coiler 107, pickling line 111, cold rolling mill 113, and annealing unit 115 may be any suitable unit operations.
[0067] A skilled person will be able to make selections of equipment for the steelmaking unit operation 101, twin roll caster 103, hot rolling mill 105, coiler 107, pickling line 111, cold rolling mill 113, and annealing unit 115 in any given situation.
[0068] Typically, the coil store 109 is a thermally insulated container, also described as a “heat preservation pit” that defines a chamber for receiving and holding coils that includes assemblies for supplying and maintaining a nitrogen-containing atmosphere in the chamber and for heating the chamber to a target temperature or temperature range.
[0069] A skilled person will be able to make a selection of equipment for the coil store 109 in any given situation.
[0070] Given the focus of the invention on the use of twin roll thin strip continuous casting technology, the following description in relation to Figure 2 provides more details of a twin roll caster and a hot rolling mill of an embodiment of the technology.
[0071] Further details of the twin roll caster and the hot rolling mill described in relation to Figure 2 can be found in the specification of Chinese Patent Application No. 201780029304.2 (CN109070165A) and US publication No. 20170237925A in the name of the applicant and the disclosures in these specifications are incorporated herein by cross-reference.
[0072] Referring to Figure 2, a twin roll caster of a twin roll casting apparatus is illustrated that comprises a main machine frame 10 that stands up from the factory floor and supports a pair of counter-rotatable casting rolls 12 mounted in a module in a roll cassette 11. The casting rolls 12 are mounted in the roll cassette 11 for ease of operation and movement. The roll cassette 11 facilitates rapid movement of the casting rolls 12 ready for casting from a setup position into an operative casting position as a unit in the caster, and ready removal of the casting rolls 12 from the casting position when the casting rolls 12 are to be replaced. There is no particular configuration of the roll cassette 11 that is desired, so long as it performs that function of facilitating movement and positioning of the casting rolls 12. Further details of the roll cassette 11 are described in CN109070165A and US20170237925A.
[0073] The twin roll caster includes the pair of counter-rotatable casting rolls 12 having outer casting surfaces laterally positioned to form a nip 18 there between. Molten steel is supplied from a ladle 13 through a metal delivery system to a metal delivery nozzle (core nozzle –not shown but described in more detail in CN109070165A and US20170237925A) positioned between the casting rolls 12 above the nip 18.
[0074] Molten steel thus delivered forms a casting pool of molten steel above the nip 18 supported on the casting surfaces of the casting rolls 12. This casting pool is confined in the casting area at the ends of the casting rolls 12 by a pair of side closure plates, or side dams (not shown –see CN109070165A and US20170237925A) . The upper surface of the casting pool (generally referred to as the "meniscus" level) may rise above the lower end of the delivery nozzle so that the lower end of the delivery nozzle 17 is immersed within the casting pool 19. The casting area includes the addition of a protective atmosphere above the casting pool to inhibit oxidation of the molten steel in the casting area.
[0075] The ladle 13 typically is of a conventional construction supported on a rotating turret 42. For steel delivery, the ladle 13 is positioned over a movable tundish 14 in the casting position to fill the tundish 14 with molten steel. The movable tundish 14 may be positioned on a tundish car 66 capable of transferring the tundish 14 from a heating station (not shown) , where the tundish 14 is heated to near a casting temperature, to the casting position.
[0076] The movable tundish 14 may be fitted with a slide gate 25, actuable by a servo mechanism, to allow molten steel to flow from the tundish 14 through the slide gate 25, and then through a refractory outlet shroud 15 to a transition piece or distributor 16 in the casting position. From the distributor 16, the molten steel flows to the delivery nozzle positioned between the casting rolls 12 above the nip 18.
[0077] The side dams may be made from a refractory material such as zirconia graphite, graphite alumina, boron nitride, boron nitride-zirconia, or other suitable composites. The side dams have a face surface capable of physical contact with the casting rolls 12 and molten steel in the casting pool. The side dams are mounted in side dam holders (not shown) , which are movable by side dam actuators (not shown) , such as a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, servo mechanism, or other actuator to bring the side dams 20 into engagement with the ends of the casting rolls 12. Additionally, the side dam actuators are capable of positioning the side dams 20 during casting. The side dams form end closures for the molten pool of molten steel on the casting rolls 12 during the casting operation.
[0078] Figure 2 shows the twin roll caster producing the cast thin strip 21, with the cast strip moving initially downwardly and then looping upwardly to a guide table 30 through a hot box that contains a controlled, protective atmosphere, for example containing nitrogen, to minimize strop oxidation, and move across a guide table 30 to a pinch roll stand 31, comprising pinch rolls 31A. The guide table 30, the hot box, and the pinch roll stand 31 form part of the apparatus.
[0079] The casting rolls 12 are internally water cooled as described below so that as the casting rolls 12 are counter-rotated, shells solidify on the casting surfaces, as the casting surfaces move into contact with and through the casting pool with each revolution of the casting rolls 12. The shells are brought close together at the nip 18 between the casting rolls 12 to produce the cast thin strip product 21 delivered downwardly from the nip 18. The cast thin strip 21 is formed from the shells at the nip 18 between the casting rolls 12 and delivered downwardly and moved downstream.
[0080] Upon exiting the pinch roll stand 31, the cast thin strip 21 passes through a strip edge cooling station 40 of the apparatus that cools the side edges of the strip by at least 40℃and less than 220℃. It is noted that the invention is not confined to including the edge cooling station 40
[0081] After passing through the strip edge cooling station 40, the cast thin strip 21 passes through a hot rolling mill 32 of the apparatus. The hot rolling mill 32 comprises a pair of work rolls 32A, and backup rolls 32B, forming a gap capable of hot rolling the cast thin strip 21 delivered from the casting rolls 12, where the cast thin strip 21 is hot rolled to reduce the strip to a desired thickness, improve the strip surface, and improve the strip flatness. The work rolls 32A have work surfaces relating to the desired strip profile across the work rolls 32A. Typically, the steel strip enters the hot rolling mill 32 at an average mill entry temperature of 1020-1150℃and leaves the hot rolling mill at an average mill exit temperature of 140-160℃ lower than the average mill entry temperature.
[0082] The strip edge cooling station 40 may be located at any suitable location between the pinch rolls 31A and the hot rolling mill 32.
[0083] Typically, the strip edge cooling station 40 is located as close as possible to the hot rolling mill 32.
[0084] In operation, the strip having a thickness of 1.0-2.8 mm, typically 1.8 to 2.6 mm, leaves the nip at temperatures of the order of 1400℃ and greater. To prevent oxidation and scaling of the strip, the steel strip is cast downwardly into the enclosure 27 supporting a protective atmosphere immediately beneath the casting rolls in the casting position. The first pinch roll stand 31, the strip edge cooling station 40, and the hot rolling mill 32 are also within the enclosure 27, and the protective atmosphere reduces oxidation and scaling of the strip as the strip moves through these unit operations.
[0085] The hot rolling mill 32 hot rolls the strip to a thickness of less than 2.0 mm.
[0086] With reference to Figure 1, the hot rolled strip is transferred to the coiler and coiled at a coiling temperature of more than 400℃. Each coil is transferred directly to the coil store and held in the store at a temperature in a range of 600-1050℃ in a protective atmosphere (such as a nitrogen-containing or any other suitable protective atmosphere) for 2 -50 hours to increase the size of precipitates in the steel in the coil to more than 100 nm.
[0087] As noted above, the invention (including this embodiment) is based on a realization that storing coils of twin roll cast and hot rolled non-oriented silicon steel strip at a temperature in a range of 600-1050℃ in a protective atmosphere for a selected time period provides an opportunity to grow precipitates to a size where they do not significantly pin grain boundaries so that the grains can grow in a subsequent annealing step to a size that facilitates (at least in part) core (iron) loss and magnetic inductance properties that are required for high-performance non-oriented silicon steel strip.
[0088] After a required residence time in the hot store, each coil is transferred to a cold rolling mill that includes a pickling line that pickles the strip under suitable pickling conditions to remove scale from surfaces of the strip and a cold rolling mill that cold rolls the pickled strip to a thickness of not more than 0.5 mm.
[0089] Finally, the cold rolled strip is transferred to an annealing unit and annealed at a temperature in a range of 850-1150℃ to obtain a non-oriented silicon steel with a grain size of 100-300 μm and high magnetic induction and a low core (iron) loss.
[0090] The applicant has conducted testwork to evaluate the invention.
[0091] The test work includes the following Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1.
[0092] Example 1
[0093] The following molten non-oriented silicon steel composition was produced in an electric furnace (but equally could have been produced in a converter or other steelmaking option) : 0.0028 wt%C, 2.05 wt%Si, 0.51 wt%Mn, 0.0022 wt%S, 0.015 wt%P, 0.32 wt%Al, 0.001 wt%Ti and 0.001 wt%N, and balance iron and impurities and inclusions.
[0094] The molten steel was supplied to a casting pool of a twin roll caster (such as that shown in Figure 2) and passed through the nip between counter-rotating casting rolls of the caster and formed an as-cast steel strip having a thickness of 2.05 mm. The as-cast strip was passed to a hot rolling mill through a nitrogen-gas containing protective atmosphere and subjected to one-pass hot rolling in the mill to produce hot rolled strip with a thickness of 1.6 mm, with the as-cast strip entering the mill at an average temperature of 1105℃. The hot rolled strip was coiled at a temperature of 570℃. The coiled strip was transferred from the coiling machine to a heat preservation pit and stored in the pit at a temperature of 570-900℃ for 10 hours. The size of the precipitates in the steel in the coil was 358 nm. The coil was transferred from the pit to a pickling line and the strip was pickled in the line. The pickled strip was then cold rolled into a cold rolled strip and coiled, with a cold rolled thickness of 0.35 mm. Finally, the coil of cold rolled strip was annealed at 920℃.
[0095] The grain size of the strip in the annealed coil was 128 μm, the core (iron) loss at 1.5T and 50Hz (P1.5 / 50) was 2.3W / kg, and the magnetic induction intensity at 5000 A / m (B5000) was 1.798T.
[0096] Example 2
[0097] The following molten non-oriented silicon steel composition was produced in an electric furnace (but equally could have been produced in a converter or other steelmaking option) : 0.0019 wt%C, 2.51 wt%Si, 2.18 wt%Mn, 0.0017 wt%S, 0.022 wt%P, 0.71 wt%Al, 0.0005 wt%Ti and 0.0015 wt%N, and balance iron and impurities and inclusions.
[0098] The molten steel was supplied to a casting pool of a twin roll caster (such as that shown in Figure 2) and passed through the nip between counter-rotating casting rolls of the caster and formed an as-cast steel strip having a thickness of 1.95 mm. The as-cast strip was passed to a hot rolling mill through a nitrogen-gas containing protective atmosphere and subjected to one-pass hot rolling in the mill to produce hot rolled strip with a thickness of 1.2 mm, with the as-cast strip entering the mill at an average temperature of 1130℃. The hot rolled strip was coiled at a temperature of 650℃. The coiled strip was transferred from the coiling machine to a heat preservation pit and stored in the pit at a temperature of 980℃ for 2.5 hours. The size of the precipitates in the steel in the coil was 433 nm. The coil was transferred from the pit to a pickling line, and the strip was pickled in the line. The pickled strip was cold rolled into a cold rolled strip and coiled, with a cold rolled thickness of 0.2 mm. Finally, the coil of cold rolled strip was annealed at 1050℃.
[0099] The grain size of the strip in the annealed coil was 180 μm, the core (iron) loss at 1.5T and 50Hz (P1.5 / 50) was 2.2W / kg, and the magnetic induction intensity at 5000 A / m (B5000) was 1.803T.
[0100] Example 3
[0101] The following molten non-oriented silicon steel composition was produced in an electric furnace (but equally could have been produced in a converter or other steelmaking option) : 0.0032 wt%C, 3.11 wt%of Si, 1.05 wt%of Mn, 0.0026 wt%of S, 0.015 wt%of P, 0.033 wt%of Al, 0.0008 wt%of Ti and 0.0007 wt%N, and balance iron and impurities and inclusions.
[0102] The molten steel was supplied to a casting pool of a twin roll caster (such as that shown in Figure 2) and passed through the nip between counter-rotating casting rolls of the caster and formed an as-cast steel strip having a thickness of 2.3 mm. The as-cast strip was passed to a hot rolling mill through a nitrogen-gas containing protective atmosphere and subjected to one-pass hot rolling in the mill to produce hot rolled strip with a thickness of 1.8 mm, with the as-cast strip entering the mill at an average temperature of 1190℃. The hot rolled strip was coiled at a temperature of 620℃. The coiled strip was transferred from the coiling machine to a heat preservation pit and stored in the pit at a temperature of 870℃ for 20 hours in a protective atmosphere. The size of precipitates in the steel in the coil was 498 nm. The coil was transferred from the heat preservation pit to a pickling line, and the strip was pickled in the line. The pickled strip was cold rolled into a cold rolled strip and coiled, with a cold rolled thickness of 0.25 mm. Finally, the coil of cold rolled strip was annealed at 1120℃.
[0103] The grain size of the strip in the annealed coil was 250 μm, the core (iron) loss at 1.5T and 50Hz (P1.5 / 50) was 2.1W / kg, and the magnetic induction intensity at 5000 A / m (B5000) was 1.782T.
[0104] Comparative Example 1
[0105] The following molten non-oriented silicon steel composition was produced in a converter: 0.0031 wt%of C, 2.15 wt%of Si, 0.51 wt%of Mn, 0.0027 wt%of S, 0.024 wt%of P, and 0.028 wt%of Al, and balance iron and impurities and inclusions.
[0106] The molten steel was supplied to a slab caster, and a slab was cast. The slab was heated and maintained at a temperature in a range of 1050-1150℃ for more than 150 minutes, rolled into an intermediate blank with the thickness of 40-45 mm, and then subjected to finish rolling and coiled to obtain a hot rolled coil with a thickness of 2.51 mm. The strip was finish rolled at an initial rolling temperature of 950℃ and a finish rolling temperature of 850℃ and then coiled at a coiling temperature of 530℃.
[0107] The finished rolled strip was normalized at a temperature of 925℃, pickled, and single-pass rolled to obtain a chilled coiled strip with a thickness of 0.35 mm. The strip was annealed at a temperature of 960℃, cooled, coated, and finished to obtain a non-oriented silicon steel finished product.
[0108] The core (iron) loss at 1.5T and 50Hz (P1.5 / 50) was measured to be 2.96W / kg and the magnetic induction intensity at 5000 A / m (B5000) was measured to be 1.706T.
[0109] Summary of Results
[0110] It is evident from a comparison of the properties of the non-oriented silicon steel strip produced in Examples 1-3 and the properties of the non-oriented silicon steel strip produced in Comparative Example 1 that the method of the invention can produce strip with core (iron) loss and magnetic induction intensity properties that are better than those of strip produced by the conventional technology (of Comparative Example 1) .
[0111] Specifically, the strip produced in Examples 1-3 had a reduced core (iron) loss (at least by 0.6W / kg) compared to that of the strip produced by the conventional technology of Comparative Example 1.
[0112] In addition, the strip produced in Examples 1-3 had an increased magnetic inductance compared to that of the strip produced by the conventional technology of Comparative Example 1..
[0113] The foregoing embodiment and Examples are merely illustrative of the invention, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that variations and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and it is intended to cover all modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims
1.A method for producing non-oriented silicon steel strip comprising the steps of:1) Producing molten steel:producing molten steel, for example in a converter or an electric furnace, having the following non-oriented silicon steel composition, by weight%:C: ≤0.004 wt%;Si: 1.5 -3.5 wt%;Mn: 0.3 -2.2 wt%;S: ≤0.0025 wt%;P: ≤0.03 wt%;Al: ≤1.00 wt%;Ti: ≤0.002 wt%;N: ≤0.002 wt%; andthe balance iron and impurities and inclusions;2) Strip casting:supplying molten non-oriented silicon steel into a molten pool of a twin-roll strip caster having counter-rotating casting rolls defining a nip between the rolls and forming an as-cast strip that passes downwardly from the nip with a thickness of 1.0-2.8 mm;3) Hot rolling:hot rolling the as-cast strip and reducing a thickness of the strip in a hot rolling mill, typically in one-pass, and forming a hot-rolled thin strip with a thickness of less than 2.0 mm,4) Coiling the hot rolled thin strip:coiling the hot rolled thin strip into a hot rolled thin strip coil at a temperature of more than 400℃;4) Preserving coil heat:storing the coil at a temperature in a range of 600-1050℃ in a protective atmosphere for 2 -50 hours and increasing the size of precipitates in the steel in the coil to a size of more than 100 nm;5) Cold rolling:pickling the hot rolled thin strip to remove surface oxides and cold rolling the hot rolled thin strip into a cold rolled thin strip with a thickness of not more than 0.5 mm; and6) Annealing:annealing the cold rolled thin strip in a temperature range of 850-1150℃ to obtain a non-oriented silicon steel with a grain size of 100-300 μm and high magnetic induction and low core (iron) loss.2.The method defined in claim 1 wherein the thickness of as-cast strip is 1.8 to 2.6 mm.3.The method defined in claim 1 or claim 2 comprises protecting the as-cast strip in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere as the strip passes from the twin roll caster to the hot rolling mill.4.The method defined in any one of the preceding claims comprises hot rolling the as-cast strip with the cast strip entering the hot rolling mill at an average mill entry temperature of 1100℃ or more.5.The method defined in any one of the preceding claims wherein the thickness of the hot rolled strip is less than 1.9 mm.6.The method defined in any one of the preceding claims wherein the coiling temperature of the hot rolled steel strip is 500℃ or higher.7.The method defined in any one of the preceding claims wherein the coil of the hot rolled steel strip is stored at a temperature in a range of 700-1050℃.8.The method defined in any one of the preceding claims wherein the coil of the hot rolled steel strip is stored for a time period of 2-30 hours.9.The method defined in any one of the preceding claims wherein the size of precipitates in the steel in the stored coil is 150 nm or more.10.The method defined in any one of the preceding claims wherein the thickness of the cold rolled strip is not more than 0.35 mm.11.The method defined in any one of the preceding claims wherein the annealing temperature range is 900-1150℃.12.The method defined in any one of the preceding claims comprising controlling the annealing step so that the grain size of the annealed non-oriented silicon steel is 120-280 μm.13.The method defined in any one of the preceding claims comprising controlling the annealing step so that the grain size of the annealed non-oriented silicon steel is 125-260 μm.14.A non-oriented silicon steel strip produced by the method defined in any one of the preceding claims.15.A non-oriented silicon steel strip produced by method defined in any one of claims 1-13 having a core (iron) loss at 1.5T and 50Hz (P1.5 / 50) that is not higher than 2.6W / kg.16.A non-oriented silicon steel strip produced by method defined in any one of claims 1-13 having a core (iron) loss at 1.5T and 50Hz (P1.5 / 50) that is not higher than 2.5W / kg.17.A non-oriented silicon steel strip produced by method defined in any one of claims 1-13 having a magnetic induction intensity at 5000 A / m (B5000) that is not less than 1.72T.18.A non-oriented silicon steel strip produced by method defined in any one of claims 1-13 having a magnetic induction intensity at 5000 A / m (B5000) that is not less than 1.76T.19.An apparatus for producing a non-oriented silicon steel strip comprising:(a) a unit operation for producing molten non-oriented silicon steel having the following non-oriented silicon steel composition, by weight%:C: ≤0.004 wt%;Si: 1.5 -3.5 wt%;Mn: 0.3 -2.2 wt%;S: ≤0.0025 wt%;P: ≤0.03 wt%;Al: ≤1.00 wt%;Ti: ≤0.002 wt%;N: ≤0.002 wt%; andthe balance iron and impurities and inclusions;(b) a twin roll caster for producing as-cast strip having a thickness of 1.0-2.8 mm from the molten non-oriented silicon steel,(c) a hot rolling mill for hot rolling the as-cast strip to a thickness of less than 2.0 mm;(d) optionally a cooling unit for cooling the hot rolled strip,(e) a coiler for coiling the hot rolled strip at a coiling temperature of more than 400℃;(f) a coil store for storing the coil at a temperature in a range of 600-1050℃ in a protective atmosphere for 2 -50 hours;(g) a cold rolling mill for pickling and cold rolling the strip in the coil from the coil store to form a cold rolled strip having a thickness of not more than 0.5 mm; and(h) an annealing unit for annealing the cold rolled strip at a temperature in a range of 850-1150℃ to obtain a non-oriented silicon steel with a grain size of 100-300 μm and high magnetic induction and low core (iron) loss.
Citation Information
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