Ventilated facade covering panel

Abstract

Ventilated facade covering panel (1), comprising: - a layer (2) of noble material, having a first face (21), intended to remain visible when the covering panel (1) is in use, and a second face (22) opposite the first face (21), - a reinforcing mesh (3) made of fireproof material, coupled to the second face (22) of the layer (2) of noble material, - a fireproof glue, applied between the reinforcing mesh (3) and the second face (22) of the layer (2) of noble material, which creates their permanent coupling.

Description

[0001] VENTILATED FACADE COVERING PANEL

[0002] * * *

[0003] The present invention relates to the construction industry and, in particular, to a covering panel for ventilated facades, both external and internal.

[0004] A ventilated facade of a building, as is known, uses covering panels that are mechanically anchored to the external (and sometimes internal) walls of a building, using a specific support structure and specific anchoring elements, thus creating an air gap between the building walls themselves and the covering panels.

[0005] Various types of covering panels for ventilated facades are available on the market, offering designers great freedom in terms of both size and materials. Regarding materials, besides for their purely aesthetic characteristics, covering panels are classified as "lightweight" and "heavyweight" based on their weight (expressed in kg / m2of surface area). Specifically, in the stone processing sector, covering panels weighing less than 60 kg / m2are considered "lightweight," while covering panels weighing more than 60 kg / m2are considered "heavyweight."

[0006] By way of example and not as a limitation, a "lightweight" covering panel can be made from one of the following materials: porcelain stoneware in a layer of thickness that is less than or equal to 20 mm, ceramic in a layer of thickness less than or equal to 10 mm; fibre cement in a layer of thickness less than or equal to 12 mm, metal or metal alloy in a layer of thickness less than or equal to 5 mm, wood in a layer of thickness less than or equal to 35 mm, marble and / or granite and / or their compounds in a layer of thickness less than or equal to 20 mm if applied to a honeycomb panel, or marble and / or granite in a layer of thickness less than or equal to 16 mm, if applied to a composite material reinforcement panel of thickness less than or equal to 4 mm, recomposed stone material, produced by mixing stone-origin granulates with a synthetic resinbased binder, wherein the diameter of the granules is equal to or greater than 0.1 mm and the thickness is less than or equal to 20 mm; recomposed stone material, produced by mixing stoneorigin granulates with a cement-based binder, wherein the diameter of the granules is equal to or greater than 0.7 mm and the thickness is less than or equal to 20 mm.

[0007] A so-called " heavyweight " covering panel, again by way of a purely not limiting example, can be made for example in one of the following materials: reinforced concrete, with a minimum thickness greater than 30 mm; natural stone material based on the type of Granite and / or Marble, with a thickness greater than 20 mm; recomposed stone material, produced by mixing stone-origin granules with a synthetic resin-based binder, wherein the diameter of the granules is equal to or greater than 0.1 mm and the minimum thickness is greater than 20 mm; recomposed stone material, produced by mixing stone-origin granules with a cement-based binder, wherein the diameter of the granules is equal to or greater than 0.7 mm and the minimum thickness is greater than 20 mm.

[0008] Logically, the weight of a covering panel must be taken into great consideration during the design phase of a ventilated facade, as the supporting structure intended to hold it and the corresponding anchoring elements must be able to support it safely, regardless of the environmental conditions, even extreme ones, wherein the ventilated facade is to be installed (for example, very high or very low external temperatures, very high wind speeds, high humidity, etc.).

[0009] Sometimes, covering panels can detach from their supporting structure, potentially hitting passersby and compromising the integrity of the ventilated facade. Falling covering panels are often caused by an inappropriate choice of supporting structure and anchoring elements. The anchoring system must be chosen based on multiple factors, including: the location (latitude and longitude) and height of the building on which the ventilated facade is to be constructed, the covering panel material (e.g., the type of stone), the surface dimensions of the covering panels to be used for the ventilated facade, and their thickness.

[0010] Market demand, as evidenced for example by ES1285584U, KR101207021B1 or WO 2014 / 122523, is to use covering panels that are as light as possible, so as not to impact the supporting structures and anchoring elements. In this regard, a covering panel may comprise a layer of noble material (e.g. stone), having a first face and a second face, opposite to the first face, wherein the first face is intended to remain visible when the covering panel is mounted on the ventilated facade, and a reinforcing layer, made of a material lighter than the noble material and having a first face and a second face, opposite to the first face, wherein the first face is glued to the second face of the noble material layer.

[0011] According to a variant of the covering panel described above, the reinforcing layer can in turn comprise several reinforcing layers, made with materials lighter than the noble material, with the same dimensions, glued together using a special glue.

[0012] Some other types of facade covering are described in CN109626868A and CN207277731U.

[0013] There is therefore a need to improve the state of the art in the construction sector in general and in ventilated facades in particular, and the main purpose of the present invention, therefore, is to provide a covering panel for ventilated facades that is alternative, lighter and cheaper than those of the known art.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a covering panel for ventilated facades that is resistant to all environmental conditions and is fireproof.

[0015] It is a specific object of the invention, a ventilated facade covering panel, comprising: a layer of noble material, having a first face, intended to remain visible when the covering panel is in use, and a second face opposite the first face, a reinforcing mesh made of fireproof material, coupled to the second face of the layer of noble material, a fireproof glue, applied between the reinforcing mesh and the second face of the layer of noble material, which creates their permanent coupling.

[0016] According to another aspect of the invention, the layer of noble material can be made of one material selected from: porcelain stoneware, ceramic, marble, granite cement marble and resin marble and other natural stones suitable for use in facades ventilated.

[0017] According to a further aspect of the invention, the layer of noble material can have a thickness lower than 30 mm, optionally lower than 25 mm, even more optionally lower than 20 mm.

[0018] According to an additional aspect of the invention, the reinforcing mesh can have a mass per unit area between 475 g / m2and 575 g / m2, optionally between 500 g / m2and 550 g / m2, more optionally equal to 525 g / m2.

[0019] According to another aspect of the invention, the reinforcing mesh can have a thickness between 0.3 mm and 2 mm, optionally between 1 mm and 1.6 mm, more optionally equal to 1.28 mm.

[0020] According to a further aspect of the invention, the reinforcing mesh can have a tensile strength:

[0021] - at rest conditions, greater than or equal to 80 N / mm, optionally greater than or equal to 110 N / mm, in the warp direction, and greater than or equal to 140 N / mm, optionally greater than or equal to 170 N / mm , in the weft direction, and

[0022] - after a conditioning process with alkali, it has a tensile strength, at rest conditions, greaterthan or equal to 50 N / mm, optionally greater than or equal to 70 N / mm, in the warp direction, and greater than or equal to 80 N / mm, optionally greater than or equal to 100 N / mm, in the weft direction.

[0023] According to an additional aspect of the invention, the reinforcing mesh can have an elongation, at rest conditions, less than or equal to 10%, optionally less than or equal to 5%, both in the warp and weft direction.

[0024] According to another aspect of the invention, the reinforcing mesh can have meshes having size between 2 mm and 10 mm, optionally between 4 mm and 6 mm, even more optionally equal to 5 mm, both in the warp and weft direction.

[0025] According to a further aspect of the invention, the fireproof glue can comprise:

[0026] - silane modified polymers, in a percentage weight quantity between 35% and 43%, optionally between 38% and 40%;

[0027] - fireproof mineral filler, in a percentage weight quantity between 64.40% and 53%, optionally between 60.90% and 57.5%;

[0028] - additives relating to catalysis and stability, in a percentage weight quantity between 0.5% and 3%, optionally between 1% and 2%; and

[0029] - wetting additives, in a percentage weight quantity between 0.05% and 1%, optionally between 0.1% and 0.5%.

[0030] The present invention will now be described, for illustrative but not limiting purposes, according to its preferred embodiments, with particular reference to the figures of the attached drawings, wherein:

[0031] Figure 1 shows a schematic exploded perspective view of a ventilated facade covering panel according to the prior art;

[0032] Figure 2 is a side view of the ventilated facade covering panel of Figure 1;

[0033] Figure 3 shows a schematic perspective view of a ventilated facade covering panel according to the invention; and

[0034] Figure 4 shows a side view of the ventilated facade covering panel of Figure 3.

[0035] With particular reference to the attached Figures, it will be noted how a covering panel for ventilated facades according to the present invention is generally indicated with the reference number 1 and comprises a layer 2 of noble material, having a first face 21, intended to remain visible when the covering panel is in use (i.e. it is mounted on a ventilated facade of a building), and a second face 22, opposite to the first face 21, intended to remain, in use, hidden from view (i.e. facing towards the building covered with such ventilated facade). The cladding panel 1 also includes a reinforcing mesh 3, advantageously made of fireproof material and applied to the second face 22 of the layer 2 of noble material, using a fireproof glue.

[0036] The noble material layer 2 of covering panel 1 is made of a material chosen from: porcelain stoneware, ceramic, marble, granite, cement marble and resin marble and other natural stones and has a thickness which, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, is less than 30 mm, optionally less than 25 mm, even more optionally less than 20 mm.

[0037] The reinforcing mesh 3, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, has a mass per unit area between 475 g / m2and 575 g / m2, optionally between 500 g / m2and 550 g / m2, more optionally equal to 525 g / m2and a thickness between 0.3 mm and 2 mm, optionally between 1 mm and 1.6 mm, more optionally equal to 1.28 mm.

[0038] It is therefore quite evident that the overall thickness of the covering panel of the present invention is less than that of any covering panel for ventilated facades of the prior art which, with the same thickness of layer 2 of noble material, uses any reinforcement layer.

[0039] Reinforcing mesh 3, again according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, has a tensile strength:

[0040] - in rest conditions (i.e., for example, upon first use, immediately after application to the top layer), greater than or equal to 80 N / mm, optionally greater than or equal to 110 N / mm in the warp direction, and greater than or equal to 140 N / mm, optionally greater than or equal to 170 N / mm in the weft direction, and

[0041] - after an alkali conditioning process, which simulates aging due to its use, it maintains a high tensile strength, greater than or equal to 50 N / mm, optionally greater than or equal to 70 N / mm in the warp direction, and greater than or equal to 80 N / mm, optionally greater than or equal to 100 N / mm in the weft direction.

[0042] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the reinforcing mesh 3 has an elongation, at rest conditions, less than or equal to 10%, optionally less than or equal to 5%, both in the warp direction and in the weft direction and has meshes of size between 2 mm and 10 mm, optionally between 4 mm and 6 mm, even more optionally equal to 5 mm, both in the warp direction and in the weft direction.

[0043] As regards the fireproof glue advantageously employed in the present invention, this comprises:

[0044] - silane-modified polymers, in a weight percentage between 35% and 43%, optionally between 38% and 40%;

[0045] - fireproof mineral filler, in a weight percentage between 64.40% and 53%, optionally between 60.90% and 57.5%;

[0046] - catalytic and stabilizing additives, in a total weight percentage between 0.5% and 3%, optionally between 1% and 2%; and

[0047] - wetting additives, in a weight percentage between 0.05% and 1%, optionally between 0.1% and 0.5%.

[0048] By way of example and not limitation, a modified silane polymer suitable for use in the glue of the present invention panel 1 may be a polyester with a silanized functional group of the Si(OH)3 type. Again, by way of example and not limitation, the fireproof mineral filler of the adhesive may comprise calcium carbonate. Furthermore, a catalyzing additive used in the adhesive may be, for example, the product known by the trade name Neostann S-l, marketed by KANEKA Corp, and a stabilizing additive used in the adhesive may be, for example, the product known by the trade name Silano SILQUEST A-171, also marketed by KANEKA Corp. Furthermore, a wetting additive of the adhesive of the invention may comprise, for example, diisononyl phthalate (DINP).

[0049] With such a configuration of the mesh 3 and the glue, the ventilated facade covering panel 1 of the present invention achieves all the purposes declared in the introduction.

[0050] In fact, the reinforcing mesh 3, without substantially increasing the weight or thickness of the covering panel 1, gives the noble material layer 2 of the covering panel 1 adequate mechanical properties. It should also be noted thatthe covering panel 1 of the present invention, being lighter, allows for cost savings compared to traditional panels, not only because the cost of the actual material used for its production is lower, but also because such a panel can be mounted on a ventilated facade having a thinner support structure, made with a smaller amount of material, compared to the support structures for ventilated facades of the prior art, and also requires lower labor costs for its production and installation.

[0051] Furthermore, with the configuration of the covering panel 1 according to the invention, the glue is not subjected to particular mechanical stresses due to temperature and, therefore, lasts longer overtime, without causing the mesh 3 to detach from the noble material layer 2. In traditional panels, instead, temperature variations cause a different expansion between the noble material layer and the reinforcing layer and, therefore, they mechanically stress the adhesive placed between them, increasing the probability of detachment between the two layers of panel 1.

[0052] Furthermore, the properties of the glue allow the mesh 3 to perfectly adhere to the second face 22 of the layer 2 of the noble material. This ensures that layer 2 of the noble material remains in place, even in the event of its breakage, and the covering panel 1 according to the invention is therefore safer than traditional panels.

[0053] Last but not least, the ventilated facade covering panel 1 of the present invention is fireproof, in fire reaction class A2-sl dO, and therefore much safer than traditional panels.

[0054] In the foregoing, preferred embodiments have been described and variations of the present invention have been suggested, but it is to be understood that those skilled in the art may make modifications and changes without thereby departing from the scope of protection as defined by the attached claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1. Ventilated facade covering panel (1), comprising: a layer (2) of noble material, having a first face (21), intended to remain visible when the covering panel (1) is in use, and a second face (22) opposite the first face (21), a reinforcing mesh (3) made of fireproof material, coupled to the second face (22) of the layer (2) of noble material, a fireproof glue, applied between the reinforcing mesh (3) and the second face (22) of the layer (2) of noble material, which creates their permanent coupling.

2. Panel (1) according to claim 1, wherein the layer (2) of noble material is made of one material selected from: porcelain stoneware, ceramic, marble, granite cement marble and resin marble and other natural stones suitable for use in facades ventilated.

3. Panel (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the layer (2) of noble material has a thickness lower than 30 mm, optionally lower than 25 mm, even more optionally lower than 20 mm.

4. Panel (1) according to any previous claim, wherein the reinforcing mesh (3) has a mass per unit area between 475 g / m2and 575 g / m2, optionally between 500 g / m2and 550 g / m2, more optionally equal to 525 g / m2.

5. Panel (1) according to any previous claim, wherein the reinforcing mesh (3) has a thickness between 0.3 mm and 2 mm, optionally between 1 mm and 1.6 mm, more optionally equal to 1.28 mm.

6. Panel (1) according to any previous claim, wherein the reinforcing mesh (3) has a tensile strength:- at rest conditions, greater than or equal to 80 N / mm, optionally greater than or equal to 110 N / mm, in the warp direction, and greater than or equal to 140 N / mm, optionally greater than or equal to 170 N / mm , in the weft direction, and- after a conditioning process with alkali, it has a tensile strength, at rest conditions, greaterthan or equal to 50 N / mm, optionally greater than or equal to 70 N / mm, in the warp direction, and greater than or equal to 80 N / mm, optionally greater than or equal to 100 N / mm, in the weft direction.

7. Panel (1) according to any previous claim, wherein the reinforcing mesh has an elongation, at rest conditions, less than or equal to 10%, optionally less than or equal to 5%, both in the warp and weft direction.

8. Panel (1) according to any previous claim, wherein the reinforcing mesh (3) has meshes having sizes between 2 mm and 10 mm, optionally between 4 mm and 6 mm, even more optionally equal to 5 mm, both in the warp and weft direction.

9. Panel (1) according to any previous claims, wherein the fireproof glue comprises : - silane modified polymers, in a percentage weight quantity between 35% and 43%, optionally between 38% and 40%;- fireproof mineral filler, in a percentage weight quantity between 64.40% and 53%, optionally between 60.90% and 57.5%;- additives relating to catalysis and stability, in a percentage weight quantity between 0.5% and 3%, optionally between 1% and 2%; and- wetting additives, in a percentage weight quantity between 0.05% and 1%, optionally between 0.1% and 0.5%.

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