A crushing unit for ore analysis

Abstract

The invention is a crushing unit (10) designed to comminute ores through crushing in a machine configured to determine the pressure required to reduce the ores from a first dimension to a smaller second dimension. Its distinguishing feature is that it comprises at least one crushing chamber (20) in which the crushing of the ores is carried out via a first roller (24) and a second roller (25) rotating in opposite directions; comprises a drive element (70) that generates drive to rotate the said first roller (24) and the said second roller (25); comprises at least one gear assembly (50) configured to transmit the rotational motion received from the said drive element (70) around a drive axis (x) to at least two different axes, namely a first output axis (I) and a second output axis (II), which are parallel to each other; and comprises at least one thrust plate (26) that transmits a thrust force in a direction perpendicular to the drive axis (x) such that one of the first roller (24) and the second roller (25) is pushed toward the other.

Description

[0001] A CRUSHING UNIT FOR ORE ANALYSIS

[0002] FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0003] The invention relates to a crushing unit for comminuting ores through crushing in a machine configured to determine the pressure required to reduce ores from a first dimension to a smaller second dimension. This unit has a pilot-scale capacity and is necessary for the design of field equipment with significantly larger capacities.

[0004] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0005] Machines in which ores are crushed and fragmented under pressure to analyze their crushing strength play an important role in the mineral processing industry. These machines test the fracture and fragmentation characteristics of the material by applying various pressure levels in order to determine the physical properties of the ores. These tests provide detailed information about the mineralogical structure and processability of the ore, thereby assisting in the determination of the pressure and power parameters required for more efficient processing of the ores. Pressure-based crushing machines are generally equipped with automatic control systems, enabling precise measurement and control during testing of whether the ore can withstand a specific pressure.

[0006] In current crushing strength testing machines, the known machines may lack sufficient power. Especially in the processing of large-scale and high-hardness ores, existing machines may not have adequate pressure and power capacity. This disadvantage can lead to efficiency problems in large-scale operations and may reduce the speed and effectiveness of the process. Furthermore, the low power capacity of the machines may frequently cause failures and maintenance requirements, particularly when processing high-hardness ores. This situation may result in interruptions to the production process and an increase in costs. Therefore, the development of more powerful and durable alternatives to these machines has emerged as a critical need in the ore processing industry, both for increasing efficiency and for reducing operational costs.

[0007] Another very important feature is the amount of experimental material used by the machines during testing of the ore. This amount may be obtained from old or existing ore in the mines. However, the amount of ore ultimately available is important. While large-scale machines may require 10 units of material, testing can be performed with only 1 unit of material in these machines.

[0008] As a result, all the abovementioned problems have made it necessary to make an improvement in the relevant technical field.

[0009] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0010] The present invention is a crushing unit developed to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned above and to provide new advantages in the relevant technical field.

[0011] An objective of the invention is to provide a crushing unit capable of applying high pressure for the fragmentation of ores.

[0012] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives and those that will emerge from the detailed description below, the present invention is a crushing unit designed for use in a machine configured to determine the pressure required to reduce ores from a first dimension to a smaller second dimension by comminuting them through crushing. Accordingly, its novelty lies in that it comprises at least one crushing chamber in which the crushing of the ores is carried out via a first roller and a second roller rotating in opposite directions; comprises a drive element that generates drive to rotate the first roller and the second roller; comprises at least one gear assembly configured to transmit the rotational motion received from the drive element around a drive axis to at least two different axes, namely a first output axis and a second output axis, which are parallel to each other; and comprises at least one thrust plate that transmits a thrust force in a direction perpendicular to the drive axis so that one of the first roller and the second roller is pushed toward the other. Some ores require crushing pressure values above the standard pressure range of 2-4.5 N / mm2. This machine is capable of providing pressure up to 8-9 N / mm2. Thus, a crushing strength testing / detection machine capable of applying pressure up to 8 to 9 N / mm2is provided.

[0013] In a possible embodiment of the invention, it comprises at least one Schmidt coupling positioned to transmit motion between the gear assembly and at least one of the first roller and the second roller.

[0014] In another possible embodiment of the invention, the gear assembly comprises an input shaft extending in the direction of the drive axis and connected to a first gear, a second gear connected to rotate together with the first gear, a first output shaft that transmits the rotational motion of the first gear to the first roller, and a second output shaft that transmits the rotational motion of the second gear to the second roller. Thus, with a compact gear structure, the rotational motion is divided from a single shaft into two shafts.

[0015] In another possible embodiment of the invention, the drive element is a high-torque AC motor. Thus, a system operating with high efficiency is provided.

[0016] In another possible embodiment of the invention, it comprises at least one load cell that measures the counterforce exerted on the first roller, which is pushed toward the second roller, by the ores being comminuted as they pass between the first roller and the second roller.

[0017] In another possible embodiment of the invention, the thrust plate is connected to at least one screw configured to push the first roller toward the second roller.

[0018] In another possible embodiment of the invention, it comprises at least one torque sensor that detects the torque applied around the drive axis. Thus, the torque applied during the crushing of the ore can be monitored.

[0019] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 shows a representative isometric view of the crushing unit.

[0021] Figure 2 shows a representative view of the gear assembly of the crushing unit.

[0022] Figure 3 shows a representative view of the crushing chamber of the crushing unit.

[0023] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] In this detailed description, the subject of the invention is described utilizing examples only for clarifying the subject matter such that no limiting effect is created.

[0025] Figure 1 shows a representative perspective view of the crushing unit (10) of the invention. Accordingly, the crushing unit (10) is configured to be used in a machine (not shown in the figures) in which the ores are comminuted and the force per unit area required to perform the comminution is determined. In the said machine, the size distribution of the ore is measured before the ore is fragmented; in other words, an average first dimension of the ore is determined. Then, the ore is comminuted, and the extent to which the average size has been reduced, namely to a second dimension, is determined. From this, the torque required to reduce the ore from a first dimension to a smaller second dimension is obtained, and from that, the required pressure and power values are derived. Subsequently, based on these values, the parameters of larger machines in which the ore will be comminuted are preselected, and the respective machine is dimensioned accordingly.

[0026] The crushing unit (10) comprises at least one crushing chamber (20) containing a first roller (24) and a second roller (25). The first roller (24) and the second roller (25) rotate in opposite directions, thereby enabling the comminution of the ore that enters between them. The crushing chamber (20) comprises an inlet opening (22) for the ore to be delivered toward the rollers, and an outlet opening (23) for the discharge of the comminuted ore. The inlet opening (22) and the outlet opening (23) are essentially openings provided on the main frame (21) of the crushing chamber.

[0027] The crushing unit (10) comprises at least one drive element (70) to provide rotational motion to the first roller (24) and the second roller (25). In the preferred embodiment, the drive element (70) is a high-torque AC motor. The drive element (70) generates rotational motion around a drive axis (x). At the output of the drive element (70), there is a coupling assembly (40). The coupling assembly (40) may comprise couplings configured for purposes such as torque adjustment and preventing the application of force above a predetermined value. Additionally, in the vicinity of the coupling assembly (40), there is at least one torque sensor (41 ) that measures the torque applied for the comminution.

[0028] The crushing unit (10) comprises at least one gear assembly (50). The gear assembly (50) transmits the drive generated by the drive element (70) to the first roller (24) and the second roller (25). In other words, the gear assembly (50) divides the rotational motion received from the drive axis (x) into a first output axis (I) and a second output axis (II), which are parallel to each other. The first output axis (I) passes through the center of the first roller (24), and the second output axis (II) passes through the center of the second roller (25).

[0029] Figure 2 shows a view of the gear assembly (50). Accordingly, the gear assembly (50) comprises an input shaft (51), a first output shaft (54), and a second output shaft (55). The input shaft (51 ) extends in the direction of the drive axis (x) and is the shaft coming from the drive element (70). Thus, the input shaft (51) essentially functions as a pinion shaft. The first output shaft (54) transmits motion to the first roller (24), and the second output shaft (55) transmits motion to the second roller (25). In the preferred embodiment, as also shown in the figures, the first output shaft (54) is coaxial with the input shaft (51 ). The division of rotational motion into two outputs in the gear assembly (50) is achieved by means of a first gear (52) and a second gear (53). The motion received from the input shaft (51 ) is transmitted to the first gear (52), which in turn rotates the second gear (53).

[0030] Figure 3 shows an enlarged view of the crushing chamber (20). In the crushing unit (10) of the invention, the first roller (24) can be moved so as to approach or move away from the second roller (25). Accordingly, the first roller (24) is connected to a wedge (27) having freedom of movement within a guide path (211 ) on the main frame (21) in a direction perpendicular to the drive axis (x). In this way, the gap between the first roller (24) and the second roller (25) can be adjusted in advance. Furthermore, the first roller (24) is connected to a thrust plate (26). The thrust plate (26) transmits force to the first roller (24) in a manner that pushes the first roller (24) toward the second roller (25). In other words, the first roller (24) is movable, while the second roller (25) is fixed. The thrust force is provided by a pushing mechanism. In the preferred embodiment, the pushing mechanism comprises at least one screw positioned to generate the thrust force. In this way, a simple and trouble-free thrust structure is achieved.

[0031] The crushing unit (10) comprises at least one Schmidt coupling (60) to allow the first roller (24) to move toward the second roller (25) while rotating around the first output axis (I). In the preferred embodiment, two Schmidt couplings (60) are provided: one between the first gear (52) and the first roller (24), and another between the second gear (53) and the second roller (25). In a possible embodiment, a cardan shaft may be used instead of the Schmidt coupling (60).

[0032] The crushing unit (10) comprises at least one load cell (30). The load cell (30) measures the counterforce exerted on the first roller (24), which is being pushed toward the second roller (25), by the ores being comminuted as they pass between the first roller (24) and the second roller (25). By means of the load cell (30), the amount of force applied for the comminution of the ore is measured while the first roller (24) is being pushed toward the second roller (25) and a predetermined gap exists between the first roller (24) and the second roller (25). Based on this, the amount of force that must be applied per mm2to reduce the ore from a first dimension to a second dimension, as well as the amount of power required on the pinion shaft (51) for this operation, can be determined. In the preferred embodiment, there are 4 load cells (30). With the crushing unit (10) of the invention, it becomes possible to perform comminution tests on ores that require high force for fragmentation, by pushing the first roller (24) toward the second roller (25). This high-pressure capability is achieved with a compact structure by transmitting the motion taken from a single drive shaft (x) to two separate axes. Through all these configurations, the crushing unit (10) of the invention enables the application of pressure to the ores up to 8 to 9 N / mm2.

[0033] The protection scope of the invention is specified in the appended claims and cannot be limited to the description made for illustrative purposes in this detailed description.

[0034] Likewise, it is clear that a person skilled in the art can present similar embodiments in the light of the above descriptions without departing from the main theme of the invention.

[0035] REFERENCE NUMBERS THAT GIVEN IN THE FIGURE

[0036] 10 Crushing Unit

[0037] 20 Crushing Chamber

[0038] 21 Main Frame

[0039] 211 Guide Path

[0040] 22 Inlet Opening

[0041] 23 Outlet Opening

[0042] 24 First Roller

[0043] 25 Second Roller

[0044] 26 Thrust Plate

[0045] 27 Wedge

[0046] 30 Load Cell

[0047] 40 Coupling Assembly

[0048] 41 Torque Sensor

[0049] 50 Gear Assembly

[0050] 51 Input Shaft

[0051] 52 First Gear

[0052] 53 Second Gear

[0053] 54 First Output Shaft

[0054] 55 Second Output Shaft

[0055] 60 Schmidt Coupling

[0056] 70 Drive Element

[0057] (x) Drive Axis

[0058] (I) First Output Axis

[0059] (II) Second Output Axis

Claims

CLAIMS1. The invention is a crushing unit (10) configured in a machine for determining the pressure to be applied to reduce ores from a first dimension to a smaller second dimension by comminuting them through crushing, characterized in that; it comprises at least one crushing chamber (20) in which the crushing process of the ores is carried out via a first roller (24) and a second roller (25) rotating in opposite directions; comprises a drive element (70) that generates drive to rotate the said first roller (24) and the said second roller (25); comprises at least one gear assembly (50) configured to transmit the rotational motion taken from the said drive element (70) around a drive axis (x) to at least two different axes, namely a first output axis (I) and a second output axis (II), which are parallel to each other; comprises at least one thrust plate (26) transmitting a thrust force in a direction perpendicular to the drive axis (x) such that one of the first roller (24) and the second roller (25) is pushed toward the other; and comprises at least one torque sensor that detects the torque applied around the drive axis (x).

2. The crushing unit (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that; it comprises at least one Schmidt coupling (60) positioned to transmit motion between the gear assembly (50) and at least one of the first roller (24) and the second roller (25).

3. The crushing unit (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that; the gear assembly (50) comprises an input shaft (51) extending in the direction of the drive axis (x) and connected to a first gear (52), a second gear (53) connected to rotate together with the first gear (52), a first output shaft (54) transmitting the rotational motion of the first gear (52) to the first roller (24), and a second output shaft (55) transmitting the rotational motion of the second gear (53) to the second roller (25).

4. The crushing unit (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that; the drive element (70) is a high-torque AC motor.

5. The crushing unit (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that; it comprises at least one load cell (30) that measures the counterforce exerted on the first roller (24), which is being pushed toward the second roller (25), by the ores being comminuted as they pass between the first roller (24) and the second roller (25).

6. The crushing unit (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that; the thrust plate (26) is connected to at least one screw configured to push the first roller (24) toward the second roller (25).

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