Adaptable modular construction system or self-structuring panel that is earthquake resistant, comprises insulation and can be handled to produce housing

Abstract

The present development relates to an adaptable modular construction system or self-structuring panel, which is frameless and highly durable, has structural earthquake resistance (seismic resistance) and insulation, and can be handled to produce housing. The purpose of the invention is to achieve rapid assembly of structural housing with integrated services and finishes, which can be easily handled by two operators and has improved waterproofing, thermal insulation and acoustic insulation properties.

Description

[0001] ADAPTABLE MODULAR CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM OR SELF-STRUCTURING, SEISMIC-RESISTANT, INSULATED AND MANIPULATABLE PANEL FOR HOUSING CONSTRUCTION

[0002] DESCRIPTIVE MEMORANDUM

[0003] DESCRIPTION OF THE TECHNICAL PROBLEM AND FIELD OF APPLICATION

[0004] This development relates to a modular, adaptable, or self-supporting panel construction system, with long durability, seismic resistance, insulation, and ease of handling for residential construction. The object of the invention is to achieve rapid assembly of structural housing with integrated finishes and services, easily handled by two operators, and with improved waterproofing, thermal insulation, and acoustic insulation.

[0005] To achieve this, the system comprises a structure called a molecular structural frame or self-supporting panel. This standardized panel includes seismic resistance, insulation, and finishes. These self-supporting panels interlock, allowing for a simple assembly process for larger structures. It is important to highlight the self-supporting nature of the molecular structure or self-supporting panel, as it does not require external frames to form a building; the panel itself provides the structural framework.

[0006] This development falls within the technical field of construction systems, more specifically structural or volumetric modular construction systems for the construction of buildings and structural construction projects.

[0007] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] The present development is based on the fact that the present system is an amalgamation and synthesis of all the requirements in a single construction unit (i.e., self-structuring panel or Construction Molecule) that allows, through the repetition of the same self-structuring panel or Construction Molecule, the construction of any type of building in such a way that the construction meets four critical requirements: (1) universally available throughout the world; (2) structurally sound (seismic and temporary resistance) for any type of construction; (3) mass-produced in a highly automated manufacturing; and (4) a solution that has an installed economy that is dramatically below current concrete, block and steel systems or wood construction systems.

[0009] The system integrated into this self-structuring panel / Construction Molecule includes all aspects or trades of construction, which, in traditional construction, are carried out independently and sequentially. The Construction Molecule contains: -All the necessary high-performance mechanical support structure;

[0010] - All the necessary high-performance thermal insulation;

[0011] - All cavities / ducts necessary for any electrical installation;

[0012] - All cavities / ducts necessary for any hot / cold domestic water installation;

[0013] - All cavities / ducts necessary for any sewer system, black or grey water;

[0014] - All the necessary elements to build any wall;

[0015] - All the elements necessary to connect any two adjacent walls;

[0016] - All the necessary elements to connect any dividing wall;

[0017] - All the necessary elements to install any home automation and technology service;

[0018] - All the necessary elements for installing interior and exterior finishes. In all the above cases, no welding is required and assembly can be done with very few and simple hand tools.

[0019] This system represents the synthesis of all the needs of any building in a self-structuring panel / building molecule that can be repeated to construct any type of house, apartment building (up to 5 stories), commercial building, or industrial building. Most importantly, the system is designed to be efficiently manufactured in moderately sized manufacturing plants using advanced manufacturing technologies.

[0020] The apparatus can be manufactured in a fully automated manner in a general process that includes (a) the creation of the structural base, (b) the addition of all cavities for services and (c) the addition of the structural support elements.

[0021] As previously mentioned, the self-structuring panel is self-structuring; it does not require external frames to provide mechanical resistance to the building under construction.

[0022] STATE OF THE ART

[0023] Compared to the manufacturing industry and the global economy, the construction industry has not only shown a lack of productivity over the years, but has also experienced a decline in its productivity levels. Studies conducted by McKinsey, The Economist, and the Baker Friedman Institute at the University of Chicago have corroborated this trend.

[0024] Competing technologies such as modular systems, 3D-printed houses, and lightweight, non-structural panel systems have been developed to improve productivity in the construction sector. Unfortunately, their impact on productivity improvement has been limited. Modular technology relies on moving construction phases to a controlled environment, such as a manufacturing plant. However, this approach still uses the same materials and construction steps as a traditional building site, and the savings provided by the controlled environment are often offset by the logistical and transportation costs of moving the modules to the site. 3D-printed houses do improve productivity, but their application is limited to homes of certain sizes.Finally, regarding non-structural lightweight panel systems for walls, there is an improvement in productivity, but only one aspect of the construction process is addressed: the erection of the wall. Other aspects of the construction process are not addressed.

[0025] Among the developments mentioned above, we can find application PCT / CL2020 / 050010, which presents a lightweight, long-lasting, easy-to-assemble modular construction system with thermal and acoustic insulation comprising: a primary chassis; a module floor; module walls; and a module roof, where the elements of the module floor, the module walls, and the module roof are arranged on the primary chassis to be bolted together, where the primary chassis comprises the connection between structural steel columns and beams to form a primary structure, where the beams that make up the primary structure comprise four C-section profiles, where their ends are connected to the columns, where each column is formed by a square cross-section steel tubular profile, at whose ends they comprise C-section profiles welded on two perpendicular faces,wherein said C-section profiles comprise perforations for the passage of fastening elements for the beams to the columns, such as bolts and nuts, wherein the roof beams are long beams and short beams, and the floor beams are long beams and short beams, wherein the roof and floor beams are C-section profiles, wherein the floor of the module is a leveled platform comprising a grid chassis, which is formed by an outer frame of welded C-section profiles, and transversely arranged C-section profiles, wherein the C-section profiles that form the outer frame comprise perforations for the passage of fastening bolts, wherein Partition Wall® panels are arranged on the grid chassis and are fixed to the grid chassis, and a floor substrate is arranged on the Partition Wall® panels,where the floor substrate corresponds to phenolic plywood or magnesium oxide sheets, in addition, the perimeter of the floor module is sealed by means of a C-section steel profile, screwed to the profiles of the Partition Wall® panels, which carries a neoprene strip to the exterior face, where the floor of the resulting module is screwed to the primary chassis of the module by the long lateral sides of the floor of the module, by means of nuts and bolts, and self-drilling screws.

[0026] A second development is presented in patent US5289665, which discloses an orthogonal frame comprising hollow square connecting tubes, means at the ends of said tubes for connecting vertically aligned square hollow pillars, a U-shaped support having means for removably connecting the support to the connecting tube, and at least one pair of beams connected to said support, wherein said support has flanges extending vertically and outward in vertical alignment with adjacent orthogonal faces of the connecting tube, wherein said beams have C-shaped cross-section and are separately connected to the flanges of the support, wherein each beam has a vertical surface having a flat inner face secured to one of the associated flanges, wherein said flat inner face of the beam is aligned with adjacent faces of the connecting tube.

[0027] A third patent application, JP5378646, provides a unit-type building that can effectively prevent sunlight because a roof overhang can be sufficiently supported, even if the overhang is elongated. This unit-type building comprises: an upper-floor wing wall panel attached to the building frames of the building units facing an exterior wall on the overhang side of a roof panel, and which supports the overhang at an upper portion of a front end; a lower-floor wing wall panel connected to the wing wall panel; and a foundation supporting a lower portion of the wing wall panel.Thus, since the load of the roof panel is transmitted to the foundation through the wing wall panels, the roof eave edge can be sufficiently supported, even if it is lengthened, and sunlight can be effectively avoided by the roof panel eave edge and the wing wall panels.

[0028] A fourth application, WO2016119762, is then submitted for a modular construction system comprising a load-bearing column module, a floor module, a floor module, and a facade module. The load-bearing column module includes a vertical support and a cantilever beam; the vertical support supports the construction system on a surface. The floor module comprises an interior rib and perimeter beams. The interior rib is formed from parallel structural profiles articulated perpendicularly to other parallel structural profiles between their webs. The perimeter beams are attached to the ends of the structural profiles of the interior rib. The floor module is articulated to the load-bearing column module by articulating the perimeter beams with the cantilever beams, with the floor module perpendicular to the vertical support. The floor module is placed on top of the floor module.The facade module comprises a structural frame made up of structural profiles, perimeter supports fixed to the structural frame, a facade, and a base support attached to the perimeter tie. The perimeter supports are articulated with the base support to connect the facade module to the floor module. These articulations are achieved using fasteners that pass through perforations in the components to be articulated.

[0029] Finally, application W02007106923 presents an assembly that includes a metal structural member having a lip flange, a metal frame member connectable at one end thereof to the structural member by means of a connector located at said end, the frame member having a web and a flange extending therefrom, wherein the flange terminates short of said end such that when the members are connected the flange of the frame member is adjacent to the lip of the structural member and can dissipate tensile energy such as earthquake energy.

[0030] Therefore, it is necessary to develop new technological solutions with four key characteristics to radically change the productivity, cost-effectiveness, and quality of construction worldwide. These four characteristics of the new technological solutions are: (1) a solution that is universally available worldwide; (2) a solution that is structurally sound and earthquake-resistant for any type of construction; (3) a solution that can be mass-produced; and (4) a solution with installation costs that are dramatically lower than those of current concrete, block, steel, or wood construction systems.

[0031] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032] It should be understood that the present development is not limited to the particular methodology, compounds, materials, manufacturing techniques, uses, and applications described herein, as these may vary. It should also be understood that the terminology employed herein is used solely for the purpose of describing a particular representation and is not intended to limit the perspective and potential of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms system, part, element, use, and method, here in the claims document and throughout the text, are used in the singular and do not exclude the plural, unless clearly implied by the context. Thus, for example, a reference to a “use or method” refers to one or more uses or methods and includes equivalents known to those skilled in the art. Similarly, as another example, a reference to “a step,” “a stage,” or “a mode” refers to one or more steps, stages, or modes and may include implicit and / or subsequent sub-steps, stages, or modes.

[0034] All conjunctions used must be understood in their least restrictive and most inclusive sense. Thus, for example, the conjunction “or” should be understood in its orthodox logical sense, and not as an “exclusive or,” unless the context or text expressly requires or indicates otherwise. The structures, materials, and / or elements described should also be understood to refer to those that are functionally equivalent, thus avoiding endless, exhaustive lists.

[0035] Expressions used to indicate approximations or conceptualizations should be understood as such, unless the context dictates a different interpretation.

[0036] All technical and / or scientific names and terms used herein have the common meaning given to them by a person who is competent in these matters, unless otherwise expressly indicated.

[0037] Methods, techniques, elements, systems and parts similar and / or equivalent to those described may be used or preferred in the practice and / or testing of the present invention.

[0038] All patents and other publications are included as references for the purpose of describing and / or informing, for example, the methodologies described in said publications that may be useful in relation to the present invention. These publications are included only for the information they contain prior to the filing date of this patent application.

[0039] In this respect, nothing should be considered as an admission or acceptance, rejection or exclusion, that the authors and / or inventors are not legitimate to be so, or that said publications are pre-dated by virtue of previous ones, or for any other reason.

[0040] Some concepts applied in this development are based on the definition of the self-structuring panel or construction molecule: which corresponds to a construction unit with mechanical resistance, with high thermal insulation, with all the cavities / ducts necessary for any electrical, home automation, technological, sanitary and sewage installation; with the capacity to be any wall; with the necessary elements to interconnect two adjacent walls, partition walls, with the necessary elements to install interior and exterior finishes.

[0041] Another concept applied to the present development is the interchangeable use of the terms profiles and channels to describe some parts of the system of the present development.

[0042] In this development, only bolts (30) of different types are used to anchor the self-supporting panels (1) to the floor and / or between self-supporting panels and / or between corner and transition posts (5). The female section for anchoring the parts is located internally, structurally, within the same piece for anchoring or joining, or hinges are used, such as a double cubic corner hinge (31), a cubic hinge (7a), a threaded cubic hinge (7b), and a T-hinge (7c), which are retained in the piece for anchoring or joining, as shown in Figure 13. Nuts are also used to fasten some structures.

[0043] The developed system offers advantages over what was previously known in the art of being:

[0044] • A lightweight system, which allows for easy manual handling by a couple of operators, and less impact on the environment where it is installed or where it accumulates.

[0045] • The system has been designed so that the assembly between building molecules is simple, without requiring complex or electrical tools, without excluding them, it eliminates labor-intensive work.

[0046] • This development reduces construction time. This is because the assembly of the overall structure is based on the installation of self-supporting panels that already include thermal and acoustic insulation, pipes for all types of functions, and simple elements for joining the panels.

[0047] The system prevents thermal bridging between the environment and the interior, thus achieving efficient thermal insulation in both cold and hot climates. The area around post and horizontal support reinforcements must be covered.

[0048] • The system has the advantage of slowing the spread of fires.

[0049] • The system is structurally designed to withstand high floors and is within the Chilean seismic-resistant construction regulations such as the NCh 433 of 96 mod 2009 standard.

[0050] This construction system features elements that connect and disconnect like male-female fittings, all fixed within the system. It also includes a series of bolts and screws specifically designed to join different system components.

[0051] This construction system comprises self-structuring panels (1) which in turn comprise three main groups of elements, namely: the horizontal structural support (2), the structural insulation panel (3), and the finishing anchor (4); and corner and transition posts (5), as shown in figures 2 and 3.

[0052] The self-structuring panel, as can be seen, is an integration of all the previously mentioned parts, without the use of welding, mainly joined by mechanical compression of said parts and some joints via screws or bolts.

[0053] In general, the horizontal structural support (2) is an element of a resistant material, such as steel or other material with similar characteristics, designed to provide the system with horizontal rigidity in order to transmit the stresses to the vertical structural elements, providing stability against seismic stresses and against wind.

[0054] On the other hand, the Structural Insulation Panel (3) is a component made of a resistant material, such as galvanized steel, designed to provide thermal insulation to the building and contribute to the system's mechanical strength by supporting horizontal forces, seismic stability, and wind resistance. The secondary purpose of this component is to anchor interior and exterior finishes.

[0055] The finishing anchoring element (4) allows for the quick installation of interior and exterior finishing surfaces without the use of nails, optimizing installation time and eliminating an additional finishing process.

[0056] Finally, the corner and transition post (5) connects to the system when additional structural support is needed or to transition the angle of adjacent systems. It also contributes to good structural performance under seismic / wind loads.

[0057] To fully understand each element of this development, a detailed description of each is provided below. The horizontal structural support (2) comprises a horizontal beam-type profile in the shape of an inverted hollow “U”, which projects at its lateral ends at a 90° angle and along almost its entire length, over 80%, two trapezoidal extensions called universal Floor / Roof / Ceiling supports (11), which allow the installation of any other horizontal structural support.

[0058] (2) to form a floor, deck or roof of the system, where, by means of an anchor hole for the ovoid-shaped Floor / Deck / Roof support (12), the floor, deck and / or roof is secured to the universal floor / deck / roof support (11). The same hollow “U” shaped horizontal profile is separated equidistantly by the structural boots (6), two cuboid rectangular pieces, which project perpendicularly from the top of the “U” leaving exposed a pathway hole for the main electrical elements and the sanitary elements for hot or cold water (8), where said hole supports the standard construction elements for the installation of electrical and water pipes within a structure, providing universal flexibility to install any configuration of electrical and water pipe elements, for residential, office and / or production use.On the other hand, the structural boot (6) creates a non-welded fusion between the Horizontal Structural Support (2) and the Structural Insulation Panel.

[0059] (3).

[0060] The horizontal structural support (2) also comprises, at its upper ends, as shown in Figure 4, three distributed hinges, two at the upper end of the support and one at the opposite end. The first two are called the Cubic Hinge (7a) and the Threaded Cubic Hinge (7b), and the third is called the T-Hinge (7c), respectively. These three hinges interconnect and work together to secure the position of adjacent horizontal structural supports (2) as they are installed during the construction process. They also provide the transfer of mechanical structural strength between adjacent horizontal structural supports (2) to provide the necessary resistance to load, seismic, and wind forces.

[0061] Continuing with the description of the horizontal structural supports (2), positioned between the structural boots (6) but within the horizontal structural support itself, passing through the "U"-shaped structure, are two perforated, oval-shaped channels for the Main Sewer Network (9). These channels allow the extraction of large sewer pipes to a main chimney located either inside or outside the building, for the collection of mixed black and grey water. Within the same support, but towards the lower ends, are two perforated channels for the Distribution Sewer Network (10). These channels are also oval-shaped but smaller than channels (9), and they allow the extraction of grey water from the distribution sewer systems, primarily used for draining sinks and washing machines.

[0062] At the base of the "U" shape of the horizontal structural supports (2), there is a central, elongated, ovoid perforation called the Foundation and Adjacent Floor Anchor (14), which allows the horizontal structural support (2) to be anchored to the building's foundation. It also allows the upper floors to be anchored to the lower floor. Following the same line as the aforementioned perforation are two smaller, elongated, ovoid perforations, called the Hot and Cold Water Distribution Perforations (13), which allow for the removal of any hot or cold water pipes from one level to another for the efficient installation of hot and cold water systems.

[0063] Continuing with the description of this development, two structural insulation panels (3) are presented. These panels comprise vertical “C”-shaped structures (15) consisting of elongated profiles that run vertically along the entire length of the structural insulation panel (3). These profiles are perforated equidistantly along their entire length in a symmetrical manner (15c), with the exception of two elongated, irregular perforations (15a) at the ends of the vertical “C”-shaped structure, and lateral keyhole-shaped perforations (15b) for anchoring internal finishing panels. These irregular perforations (15a) allow passage for the main electrical components and the plumbing fixtures for hot or cold water.The symmetrical perforations (15c) allow the passage of thermal insulation as the self-supporting panel cools, increasing its structural rigidity, creating a monolithic system, and minimizing thermal bridging. These vertical "C"-shaped structures (15) are made of galvanized steel or a similar material, providing structural strength to the system to withstand gravitational, overload, seismic, and wind loads.

[0064] Regarding the system's insulation, it comprises thermal insulation (16) made of insulating materials, preferably expanded polystyrene (EPS), which provides high insulating protection to the building and also withstands and adapts to mechanical stresses when the self-supporting panel is assembled. Generally, these insulating blocks are elongated and span the entire length of the structural insulation panels (3). The density of the expanded polystyrene (EPS) in the insulation panels ranges from 15 to 40 kg / m³. 3 , preferably 20 Kg / m 3 and with a thickness between 100 mm and 200 mm.

[0065] On the other hand, the lateral ends of the structural insulation panels, in the second third, include a perforation for on-site handling of the system (17). The total system weight was designed to be less than 64 kg, allowing it to be handled by two people on a construction site. These handling perforations provide the necessary grip for manipulating the system. Within the operational perforations are two elongated cavities in the lower center of the structural insulation panels (3), designated as distribution sewer cavities (18). These cavities allow for the extraction of greywater from mid-wall fixtures such as sinks and washing machines.Also present are elongated cavities, along the entire length of the insulation panels (3), for the installation of the support structure that is part of the system and are called Finish Anchor Installation cavities (19).

[0066] Other types of cavities exist for service distribution, such as the hot and cold water distribution cavity (20), which allows water to be connected to the main water supply and provides a network of cavities to accommodate any water installation configuration. These are primarily a pair of cavities running vertically along one side of the insulation panels (3). Also included is the electrical distribution service cavity (21), which allows connection to the main electricity supply and provides a network of cavities to accommodate any electrical component installation configuration.On the other hand, there are cavities for the main electrical distribution and hot / cold water distribution (22). These cavities are located vertically in the center of the insulation panel and provide the main branches to support the grid of cavities for electrical and water services. There is also a cavity for accessing the anchor to the adjacent floor foundation (23). These cavities allow the installer to access the tools needed to anchor the system to the foundation or adjacent floor and are centrally located at the top and bottom of the panel. Finally, there are cavities for the electrical installation of switches and outlets (24), positioned at an appropriate height for the installation of electrical boxes used for switches and light outlets.

[0067] The penultimate aspect to analyze in this development is the finishing anchoring element (4), which comprises elongated, perforated plates integrated into the surface of the insulation panels (3). Specifically, there are core finishing anchors (25), distributed centrally within the insulation panel and featuring a double column of perforations, allowing for the installation of interior or exterior finishes using these anchors. These anchor perforations utilize a keyhole shape (28) to allow the male anchor, installed on the surface of the finish, to slide inwards and downwards. The finish can be, for exterior applications, various types of siding such as PVC, fiber cement, and others, and for interior applications, such as gypsum board, fiber cement board, ceramics, wood derivatives, and plastics.

[0068] On the other hand, side anchors (26) and center anchors (27) are also presented. These anchors allow the use of narrower finishing elements, such as fiber cement boards. A combination of anchor families gives the self-supporting panel system the ability to support any size of finish. Side anchors are positioned at the side ends of the panel, unlike center anchors, which are concentrated in the center. Both types of anchors are simple, with a column of holes.

[0069] The counterpart for anchoring to the “keyhole holes” are the anchor buttons (34), which are positioned on the surface of the exterior or interior finishing panels (36), by means of the anchor strips (35), as seen in figure 9. These anchor strips are attached to the panel, prepared beforehand at the factory or delivered in roll form to the builder so that he can attach them to the exterior or interior panel, for subsequent placement.

[0070] Finally, the corner or transition post (5) has various configurations, although, generally speaking, it features a square structural profile with central perforations and different flat point (32) and band (33) extensions on the top and bottom of the post. These extensions increase the contact points and surface area between posts or between the post and the horizontal structural support (2), which is part of the self-supporting panel. Additionally, different hinges are integrated into the top and bottom of the post, depending on the post configuration used, such as: the double cubic corner hinge (31), the cubic hinge (7a); the threaded cubic hinge (7b); and the T-hinge (7c), as shown in Figure 12.These hinges, along with their respective bolts, as shown in Figure 11, serve to structurally join the self-supporting panels to form the structure without requiring external frames. The configuration of the post (5) used will depend on the number of walls it connects to. For example, corner posts for 2 walls (5a), T-shaped wall posts for 3 walls (5b), and internal posts for 4 walls (5c).

[0071] There are also some special configurations in the overall construction where extensions or shims are required to form windows and doors (37) according to the required design. These extensions come pre-fitted with their respective buttons (34) for finishing. Also, when large windows are required, the horizontal structural supports (2) are used without the structural boot (6). This gives the design a cleaner look and allows for large windows to be created without affecting the structural stability or the overall visibility of the building.

[0072] On the other hand, the assembly procedure of the self-structuring panel system is also part of this development, where the assembly processes are separated into five independent processes, presented in Figure 10, such as: i) Manufacturing of the horizontal structural support (2), where:

[0073] 1) The future “U” profiles are laser cut or metal stapled to form the horizontal structural support, including the perforations;

[0074] 2) The metal is rolled or bent into a "U" shape plus the universal Floor / Deck / Ceiling support (11);

[0075] 3) A standard rectangular tube is cut to create the structural boot (6)

[0076] 4) The perforation for the hot / cold water sanitary elements is laser cut in the boot (8);

[0077] 5) The three "hinges" (7a, 7b, 7c) are manufactured; and

[0078] 6) The boots and the "hinge" components from point 5) are welded in place.

[0079] i) Manufacturing the vertical “C” structure (15), where: ii1) Metal is laser cut or stapled to form the future “C” profiles, including perforations; ii2) The cut metal is rolled or bent into the “C” profile shape. iii) Manufacturing the finishing anchors (25), (26) and (27), where:

[0080] 1) They are laser cut or metal stapled to form the future finishing anchors, including the perforations; and

[0081] 2) The cut metal is rolled or bent into a "C" shape. iv) Manufacturing of the monolithic structural insulation panel (3): iv1) A predefined mold is used to contain and form the EPS, and vertical "C" structures (15) are inserted into it, as assembled in point i); iv2a) The EPS is prepared and pre-expanded by contacting EPS beads with hot steam, achieving its fusion and expansion; iv2b) The pre-expanded EPS is injected into a cavity of the mold; and iv3) The EPS expands within the mold, continuing to be exposed to steam and high pressure, forming in / through and around the "C" profile to create a monolithic unit. v) Cavity manufacturing: v1) A cavity architecture or map is defined for programming in the CNC robot; and v2) Pre-designed cavities are generated by means of a CNC robot to support electricity, water and sewage services and mounting cavities.vi) Assembly of the self-structuring panel or molecular structure: vil) The monolithic structural insulation panel (3), assembled in step iv) and the horizontal structural support (2), assembled in step i), are aligned in a hydraulic press; and vi12) They are pressure assembled in a hydraulic press with the capacity to exert a pressure on the components of up to 10 tons on the assembly of the horizontal structural support (2) on the monolithic structural insulation panel (3), finally delivering the self-structuring panel or the molecular structure.

[0082] With regard to the present development, the assembly of a construction or building with the self-structuring panel system or molecular structure is also part of it.For this purpose, the assembly processes are separated into seven stages, described in Figure 11, such as: a) Design of the construction or building and survey of the number of self-structuring panels (1) and corner and transition posts (5) necessary for its realization; b) Preparation of the ground and pouring of the cement and / or concrete foundations; c) Drilling and placement of the anchors, such as worm screws (Figure 11), in specific positions determined by the self-structuring panel (1) and by posts (5), as seen in Figure 11, where, preferably, four anchors per post and two anchors per self-structuring panel are used; d) Positioning of the posts in the anchors and placement of the adjacent self-structuring panel system in the anchors and fixing all the elements to the foundation with nuts and lateral connection to the post with screws.This step is repeated for the next self-structuring panel system; e) Finishing the perimeter of the construction and installation of the floor / roof and securing it with screws until the entire structure is complete; and f) Adding interior and exterior finishing panels.

[0083] DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0084] The symbols used are as follows:

[0085] (1) Self-structuring panel or Molecular structure

[0086] (2) Horizontal structural support

[0087] (3) Structural insulation panel

[0088] (4) Finish anchor

[0089] (5) Corner and transition post

[0090] (5a) Corner post for 2 walls

[0091] (5b) T-shaped wall post for 3 walls

[0092] (5c) Internal posts for 4 walls

[0093] (6) Structural boots

[0094] (7a) Cubic hinge

[0095] (7b) Threaded cubic hinge

[0096] (7c) T-shaped hinge (8) Perforations for sanitary elements for hot or cold water

[0097] (9) Main sewerage network

[0098] (10) Distribution Sewerage Network

[0099] (11) Universal Floor / Deck / Ceiling Mounts

[0100] (12) Anchor hole for Floor / Deck / Roof support

[0101] (13) Drilling for the distribution of hot and cold water

[0102] (14) Anchorage for the foundation and adjacent floor

[0103] (15) Vertical “C” structures

[0104] (15a) Irregular elongated perforations of the vertical “C” structure

[0105] (15b) Lateral keyhole perforations of the vertical “C” structure

[0106] (15c) Symmetrical perforations of the vertical “C” structure

[0107] (16) Thermal insulation

[0108] (17) Drilling for system site management

[0109] (18) Cavities for distribution sewerage

[0110] (19) Finishing Anchors

[0111] (20) Cavity for the distribution of hot and cold water

[0112] (21) Cavity for electrical distribution services

[0113] (22) Cavities of the main electricity distribution and distribution of

[0114] Hot / Cold Water

[0115] (23) Installation cavity for access to the anchor to the foundation of the adjacent floor

[0116] (24) Cavities for the electrical installation of switches and sockets

[0117] (25) Core finishing anchors

[0118] (26) Side anchors

[0119] (27) Central anchors

[0120] (28) Male side of the thermal insulation

[0121] (29) Female side of the thermal insulation

[0122] (30) Bolts

[0123] (31) Cubic corner double hinge

[0124] (32) Flat extension of point

[0125] (33) Flat band extension

[0126] (34) Anchor buttons

[0127] (35) Anchor strap

[0128] (36) Internal or external termination panel

[0129] (37) Anchoring strip for windows and doors i) Manufacturing of the horizontal structural support (2)

[0130] i) Fabrication of the vertical “C” structure (15) iii) Fabrication of the finishing anchors (25), (26) and (27) iv) Fabrication of the monolithic structural insulation panel (3) v) Fabrication of cavities vi) Assembly of the self-structuring panel or molecular structure a) Design of the construction or building b) Preparation of the ground and pouring of the cement and / or concrete foundations c) Drilling and placement of the anchors d) Positioning of the posts in the anchors and placement of the adjacent self-structuring panel system in the anchors e) Finishing of the perimeter of the construction and installation of the floor / roof f) Addition of interior and exterior finishing panels

[0131] Figure 1 / 13

[0132] The figure depicts a two-story building structurally assembled using the self-supporting panel system or molecular construction structure of this development. It also includes the following numbering:

[0133] (1) Self-structuring panel or Molecular structure

[0134] Figure 2 / 13

[0135] The figure shows a side view of the self-structuring panel system or molecular structure. It also includes the following numbering:

[0136] (1) Self-structuring panel or Molecular structure

[0137] (2) Horizontal structural support

[0138] (3) Structural insulation panel

[0139] (4) Finish anchor

[0140] (5) Corner and transition post

[0141] Figure 3 / 13

[0142] The figure shown here illustrates the integration of the self-supporting panel components and the corner and transition post in a two-dimensional form. It also includes the following numbering:

[0143] (2) Horizontal structural support

[0144] (3) Structural insulation panel

[0145] (4) Finish anchor

[0146] (5) Corner and transition post

[0147] Figure 4 / 13

[0148] This figure shows the structure of the horizontal structural support with all its details. It also includes the following numbering:

[0149] (2) Horizontal structural support

[0150] (6) Structural boots

[0151] (7a) Cubic hinge

[0152] (7b) Threaded cubic hinge

[0153] (7c) T-shaped hinge

[0154] (8) Perforations for sanitary elements for hot or cold water

[0155] (9) Main sewerage network (10) Distribution sewerage network

[0156] (11) Universal Floor / Deck / Ceiling Mounts

[0157] (12) Anchor hole for Floor / Deck / Roof support

[0158] (13) Drilling for the distribution of hot and cold water

[0159] (14) Anchorage for the foundation and adjacent floor

[0160] Figure 5 / 13

[0161] This figure shows the interconnection between structural supports. It also includes the following numbering:

[0162] (2) Horizontal structural support

[0163] (7a) Cubic hinge

[0164] (7b) Threaded cubic hinge

[0165] (7c) T-shaped hinge

[0166] Figure 6 / 13

[0167] This figure shows the structural insulation panel. It also includes the following numbering:

[0168] (15) Vertical “C” structures

[0169] (16) Thermal insulation

[0170] (17) Drilling for system site management

[0171] (18) Cavities for distribution sewerage

[0172] (19) Finishing Anchors

[0173] (20) Cavity for the distribution of hot and cold water

[0174] (21) Cavity for electrical distribution services

[0175] (22) Main electricity distribution cavities and hot / cold water distribution cavities

[0176] (23) Installation cavity for access to the anchor to the foundation of the adjacent floor

[0177] (24) Cavities for the electrical installation of switches and sockets

[0178] (28) Male side of the thermal insulation

[0179] (29) Female side of the thermal insulation

[0180] Figure 7 / 13

[0181] This figure shows the structural insulation panel, but leaves some of its internal components visible. It also includes the following numbering:

[0182] (15) Vertical “C” structures

[0183] (15a) Irregular elongated perforations of the vertical structure in “C” (15b) Lateral keyhole perforations of the vertical structure in

[0184] (15c) Symmetrical perforations of the vertical structure in “C

[0185] (16) Thermal insulation Figure 8 / 13

[0186] This figure shows the different anchoring finishes for different positions on the structural insulation panel. It also includes the following numbering:

[0187] (25) Core finishing anchors

[0188] (26) Side anchors

[0189] (27) Central anchors

[0190] (28) Male side of the thermal insulation

[0191] Figure 9 / 13

[0192] This figure shows the placement of the internal and external terminations on the self-supporting panel system. It also shows a spacer that fills the remaining space when a window or door is installed. Additionally, it includes the following numbering:

[0193] (34) Anchor buttons

[0194] (35) Anchor strap

[0195] (36) Internal or external termination panel

[0196] (37) Anchor strip for windows and doors

[0197] Figure 10 / 13

[0198] This figure shows the order of the assembly stages for the self-supporting panel of this development. The numbers represent the following stages: i) Fabrication of the horizontal structural support (2)

[0199] i) Fabrication of the vertical “C” structure (15) iii) Fabrication of the finishing anchors (25), (26) and (27) iv) Fabrication of the monolithic structural insulation panel (3) v) Fabrication of cavities vi) Assembly of the self-structuring panel or molecular structure

[0200] Figure 11 / 13

[0201] This figure presents the assembly procedure for a structure based on the self-supporting panels of this development, where the indicated stages are defined in the assembly procedure for a building of this development. a) Design of the structure or building b) Preparation of the site and pouring of the cement and / or concrete foundations c) Drilling and placement of the anchors d) Positioning of the posts in the anchors and placement of the adjacent self-supporting panel system in the anchors e) Finishing of the perimeter of the structure and installation of the floor / roof f) Addition of interior and exterior finishing panels

[0202] Figure 12 / 13

[0203] The figure below shows the different screws and hinges used in the current development, where the numerals represent:

[0204] (7a) Cubic hinge

[0205] (7b) Threaded cubic hinge

[0206] (7c) T-shaped hinge

[0207] (30) Bolts

[0208] (31) Cubic corner double hinge

[0209] Figure 13 / 13

[0210] The figure represents the corner and transition post, in its three configurations, which is used in the final construction of the structure or building. Here, the numbers represent:

[0211] (5) Corner and transition post

[0212] (5a) Corner post for 2 walls

[0213] (5b) T-shaped wall post for 3 walls

[0214] (5c) Internal posts for 4 walls

[0215] (7a) Cubic hinge

[0216] (7b) Threaded cubic hinge

[0217] (7c) T-shaped hinge

[0218] (31) Cubic corner double hinge

[0219] (32) Flat extension of point

[0220] (33) Flat band extension

[0221] APPLICATION EXAMPLE

[0222] This development is a modular, adaptable, self-supporting construction system without frames. It is durable, earthquake-resistant, quick to assemble, with integrated finishes and services, easily handled by two operators, and offers waterproofing, thermal insulation, and acoustic insulation. A two-story structure was built as a prototype, including four living spaces and a corridor, using the materials listed in Table I below:

[0223] Table I

[0224] *The units indicated refer to the height measurements of the self-structuring panels and their specific uses, while maintaining the general characteristics described above.

[0225] Simulations were performed on the prototype based on a 2-story building, according to Table II, where the Delta CH column refers to the maximum deformation parameters for a floor according to the NCh 433 standard of 96 mod 2009.

[0226] The results obtained for the earthquake (Ex / Ey) are presented with the abbreviation CH E and for the wind (Wx / Wy) are presented with the nomenclature CH W. Table II:

[0227] Where: The models were calculated using the SAP 2000 V23.3.1 software (Computer and Structures, Inc (CSI)) with loads under the Chilean standard NCh 433 of 96 mod 2009, in earthquake situations and NCh 432 of 1971 for wind

[0228] The seismic parameters were based on:

[0229] Soil type: E

[0230] Seismic Zone: 2

[0231] R (Structural response modification factor (static analysis): 4

[0232] I (Coefficient related to the importance, use and risk of failure of the building): 1

[0233] Cmax (Maximum seismic coefficient): 0.215

[0234] For OSB boards:

[0235] Self-structuring panel with 9.5 mm OSB boards

[0236] Floor / Ceiling with 9.5 mm OSB boards

[0237] In the building, for the first 2 floors, the thickness of the posts is 4 mm and the thickness of the horizontal supports is 3 mm.

[0238] With the results presented above, the 2-story prototype complies with NCh 433 of 96 mod 2009, for the self-structuring adaptable modular construction system without frames of the present development.

[0239] For the 5-story building, the thickness of the posts was increased to 5 mm and the thickness of the horizontal supports to 4 mm for the first two floors. The results are presented below in Table III: Table III:

[0240] The seismic parameters were based on:

[0241] Soil type: E

[0242] Seismic Zone: 3

[0243] R (Structural response modification factor (static analysis): 4 I (Coefficient related to the importance, use and risk of failure of the building): 1 Cmax (Maximum seismic coefficient): 0.286

[0244] For OSB boards:

[0245] Self-structuring panel with 9.5 mm OSB boards

[0246] Floor / Ceiling with 9.5 mm OSB boards

[0247] With the results presented above, the 5-story structure complies with NCh 433 of 96 mod 2009, for the self-structuring adaptable modular construction system without frames of the present development.

Claims

CLAIMS 1 Modular, adaptable, self-structuring construction system without frames, with long durability, structural anti-seismic, quick assembly, with integrated finishes and services, easily handled by two operators and with waterproofing, thermal and acoustic insulation performance, CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises self-structuring panels or molecular structures (1) interconnected with each other and / or joined with corner or transition posts (5) forming structures between 1 and 5 floors. 2.- The self-structuring modular construction system without frames, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the self-structuring panels or molecular structures (1) comprise a horizontal structural support (2) arranged on and partly within a structural insulation panel (3), and embedded finishing anchors (4).

3. The self-structuring, adaptable, modular construction system without frames, according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED in that the horizontal structural support (2) comprises a horizontal, beam-type profile in the shape of an inverted hollow “U”, which projects at its lateral ends at a 90° angle, two trapezoidal extensions called universal Floor / Cover / Roof supports (11), which allow the installation of any other horizontal structural support (2) to form a floor, cover or roof of the system, where, by means of an ovoid-shaped anchor hole for the Floor / Cover / Roof support (12), it allows the floor, cover and / or roof to be secured to the universal floor / cover / roof support (11), where the same hollow “U”-shaped horizontal profile is separated equidistantly by structural boots (6), two cuboid rectangular pieces,which project perpendicularly from the top of the “U” leaving exposed a pathway perforation for the main electrical elements and the sanitary elements for hot or cold water (8), where said perforation supports standard construction elements for the installation of electrical and water pipes within a structure, where the structural boot (6) creates a non-welded fusion between the Horizontal Structural Support (2) and the Structural Insulation Panel (3).

4. The self-structuring, adaptable, modular construction system without frames, according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED in that the horizontal structural support (2) further comprises at its upper ends, three distributed hinges, such that two are located at the upper end of the support and one at the opposite end of the support, where the first two are called Cubic Hinge (7a) and Threaded Cubic Hinge (7b) and the third as T-Hinge (7c), respectively, where said three hinges are interconnected and work together to secure the position of the adjacent horizontal structural supports (2) as they are installed, where they also provide the transfer of mechanical structural resistance between the adjacent horizontal structural supports (2), where furthermore, between the structural boots (6) in the structure itself of the horizontal structural support, passing through the “U” structure, two perforated paths for a main sewer network (9), of ovoid shape, are placed, which allow the extraction of the large sewer pipes towards a main chimney located either inside or outside the building, for a mixture of black / grey water, where, within the same support towards the lower ends, there are two perforated paths for a distribution sewer network (10), also ovoid in shape and smaller than the paths (9), where these paths allow the extraction of the distribution sewer systems used mainly as grey water drainage, where also, at the base of the “U” of the horizontal structural supports (2),A central, elongated ovoid perforation, referred to as the anchor for the foundation and adjacent floor (14), is present. This allows the anchoring of the horizontal structural support (2) to the building's foundations. At the same time, it also allows the anchoring of the upper floors to the lower floor. Following the same line as the aforementioned perforation, two smaller, elongated ovoid perforations are located, referred to as perforations for the distribution of hot and cold water (13). These perforations allow the extraction of any hot and cold water pipe from one floor to another.

5. The self-supporting, adaptable modular construction system without frames, according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED in that the structural insulation panel (3) comprises vertical “C”-shaped structures (15) corresponding to elongated profiles that run, on the vertical axis, the entire length of the structural insulation panel (3), which are perforated equidistantly along their entire bottom in a symmetrical manner (15c), except for two elongated irregular perforations of the vertical “C”-shaped structure (15a) at its ends, and lateral perforations in the shape of a keyhole (15b) for anchoring internal finishing panels, where the irregular perforations (15a) allow passage for the main electrical elements and the sanitary elements for hot or cold water, where the symmetrical perforations (15c) allow passage of the thermal insulation, increasing its structural rigidity, creating a monolithic system minimizing thermal bridges, where,The vertical “C” structures (15) are made of galvanized steel, where the thermal insulation (16) is made of expanded polystyrene (EPS) with a density in the range between 15 and 40 Kg / m³, 3 , where, these insulating blocks are elongated and cover the entire length of the structural insulation panels (3).

6. The self-structuring, adaptable modular construction system without frames, according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED in that the structural insulation panel (3) further comprises, at the lateral ends, in the second third, a perforation for the movement on site of the self-structuring panels (17), where, within the operational perforations, there are two elongated cavities in the lower center of the structural insulation panels (3), called cavities for the distribution sewerage (18), where these cavities allow the extraction of water gray from the half-wall installations such as sinks and washing machines, where also, there are elongated cavities, along the entire length of the insulation panels (3), for the installation of the support structure that is part of the system and are called finishing anchor installation cavities (19), where, for the distribution of services, there are other types of cavities, such as the cavity for the distribution of hot and cold water (20) which allow the water to be connected to the main water inflow and provide a network of cavities to allow any installation configuration for the water, where, mainly, there are a pair of cavities that run vertically to one side of the insulation panels (3), where there is also a cavity for the electrical distribution services (21),which allow connection to the main electricity and provide a network of cavities to allow any configuration of installation of electrical elements, also, the cavities for the main electricity distribution and the Hot / Cold Water distribution are presented (22), where these cavities are presented vertically in the center of the insulation panel and provide the main branches to support the grid of cavities for electrical and water services, likewise there is the cavity for installation for access to the anchor to the foundation of the adjacent floor (23), where, these cavities allow the installer to manipulate the tools necessary to anchor the system to the foundation or the adjacent floor and are located at the top and bottom of the panel in a centralized manner, and in addition, the cavities for the electrical installation of switches and sockets are presented (24),which are positioned at an appropriate height for the installation of electrical boxes used for light switches and sockets.

7. The self-supporting, adaptable, modular construction system without frames, according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED in that the finishing anchors (4) comprise elongated, perforated plates that are integrated within and on the surface of the insulation panels (3), wherein there are core finishing anchors (25) centralized on the insulation panel and with a double column of perforations, which allow the installation of the interior or exterior finish using said anchors, wherein said perforations of the anchors use a "keyhole" shape (28) to allow the male anchor, which is installed on the surface of the finish, to slide inwards and downwards, wherein the finish can be made of different materials, both externally and internally, wherein there are also side anchors (26) and central anchors (27), wherein said anchors allow the use of narrower finishing elements, wherein,These anchors are positioned at the lateral ends of the panel, unlike the central anchors which are concentrated in the center of the panel; both types of anchors are simple with a column of holes.

8. The self-structuring, adaptable modular construction system without frames, according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED in that in the finishing anchors (4) in addition, as a counterpart for anchoring to the “keyhole holes”, there are anchor buttons (34), which are positioned on the surface of the exterior or interior finishing panels (36), by means of anchor strips (35), where said anchor strips are attached to the panel, pre-prepared at the factory or delivered in roll form to the builder so that he can attach them to the exterior or interior panel, for subsequent placement.

9. The self-structuring, adaptable modular construction system without frames, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the corner or transition post comprises various configurations, although, in general terms, it has a square structural profile with central perforations and different flat point (32) and band (33) extensions on the upper and lower part of the post that serve to increase the contact points and surface between and between posts or between post and the horizontal structural support (2), part of the self-structuring panel, where, in addition, different hinges are integrated into the upper and lower part of the post, depending on the post configuration used, such as: the double cubic corner hinge (31), the cubic hinge (7a); the threaded cubic hinge (7b);and the “T” Hinge (7c), where these hinges, associated with their respective bolts, fulfill the function of structurally joining, without the requirement of external frames, the self-structuring panels to configure the construction, where the configuration of the post (5) used will depend on the number of walls that connect with the post, such as a corner post for 2 walls (5a), a “T” wall post for 3 walls (5b), and internal posts for 4 walls (5c).; 10. The self-structuring, adaptable modular construction system without frames, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the self-structuring panel or molecular construction structure (1) is designed to have a weight of less than 50 kg, for handling by two people on a construction site, where there are handling perforations to provide the necessary grip to be able to handle the self-structuring panel. 11.- The self-structuring, adaptable modular construction system without frames, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that said system comprises special configurations in the total construction where extensions or supplements are presented to be able to form windows and doors (37) according to the required design, where these extensions are already prepared with their respective buttons (34) for their termination, where also, for requirements of large windows, the horizontal structural supports (2) are used, without the structural boot (6), with this the design is cleaned up without affecting the structurality of the construction system. 12.- Assembly process of the self-structuring adaptable modular construction system without frames, according to claim 1 CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises the following stages: a) Design of the construction or building and survey of the number of self-structuring panels (1) and corner and transition posts (5) necessary for its execution; b) Preparation of the ground and pouring of the cement and / or concrete foundations; c) Drilling and placement of endless screws in specific positions determined by the self-structuring panel (1) and by posts (5), where four anchors are used per post and 2 anchors per self-structuring panel (1); d) Positioning of the posts in the anchors and, placement of the adjacent self-structuring panel in the anchors and fixing all the elements to the foundation with nuts and lateral connection to the post with screws, where this step (d) is repeated for the next self-structuring panel; e) Finishing of the perimeter of the construction and installation of the floor / roof and securing with screws until the entire structure is complete; and f) Adding interior and exterior finishing panels. 13.- Assembly process of the self-structuring panel or molecular constructive structure, according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises the following stages: i) Manufacture of the horizontal structural support (2); i) Manufacturing of the vertical “C” structure (15); iii) Manufacturing of the finishing anchors (25), (26) and (27); iv) Manufacturing of the monolithic structural insulation panel (3); v) Manufacturing of cavities; and vi) Assembly of the self-structuring panel or molecular structure. 14.- Assembly process of the self-structuring panel or molecular construction structure, according to claim 13, CHARACTERIZED in that the manufacture of the horizontal structural support (2) comprises the following stages: 1) The future “U” profiles are laser cut or metal stapled to form the horizontal structural support, including the perforations; 2) The metal is rolled or bent into a "U" shape plus the universal Floor / Deck / Ceiling support (11); 3) A standard rectangular tube is cut to create the structural boot (6); 4) The perforation for the hot / cold water sanitary elements is laser cut in the boot (8); 5) The three "hinges" (7a, 7b, 7c) are manufactured; and 6) The boots and the "hinge" components from point 5) are welded in place. 15.- Assembly process of the self-structuring panel or molecular constructive structure, according to claim 13, CHARACTERIZED in that the manufacture of the vertical “C” structure (15) comprises the following steps: ii1) Laser cutting or metal stapling to form the future “C” profiles, including perforations; ii2) Rolling or bending the cut metal into the shape of a “C” profile. 16.- Assembly process of the self-structuring panel or molecular construction structure, according to claim 13, CHARACTERIZED in that the manufacture of the finishing anchors (25), (26) and (27), comprises the following stages: 1) Laser cut or metal staple to form the future finishing anchors, including drilling; and 2) Roll or bend the cut metal into a "C" shape. 17.- Assembly process of the self-structuring panel or molecular construction structure, according to claim 13, CHARACTERIZED in that the manufacture of the monolithic structural insulation panel (3) comprises the following steps: iv1) A predefined mold is used to contain and form the EPS, and vertical “C” structures (15) are inserted into it, as assembled in point ii); iv2a) The EPS is prepared and pre-expanded by contacting EPS beads with hot steam, achieving its fusion and expansion; iv2b) The pre-expanded EPS is injected into a cavity of the mold; and iv3) The EPS is expanded inside the mold, continuing to expose it to steam and high pressure, forming in the mold cavity in / through and around the “C” Profile to create a monolithic unit. 18.- Process of assembling the self-structuring panel or molecular constructive structure, according to claim 13, CHARACTERIZED in that the manufacture of cavities comprises the following stages: v1) An architecture or map of cavities is defined to be programmed in the CNC robot; and v2) By means of a CNC robot, pre-designed cavities are generated to support the electricity, water and sewage services and assembly cavities. 19.- Assembly process of the self-structuring panel or molecular construction structure, according to claim 13, CHARACTERIZED in that the assembly of the self-structuring panel or molecular structure comprises the following steps: iv) The monolithic structural insulation panel (3), assembled in step iv), and the horizontal structural support (2), assembled in step i), are aligned in a hydraulic press; and v¡2) They are assembled under pressure in a hydraulic press capable of exerting a pressure on the components of up to 10 tons on the horizontal structural support assembly (2) in the monolithic structural insulation panel (3), finally delivering the self-structuring panel or the molecular structure.

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