Intelligent charging and discharging circuit and apparatus for lithium battery

Abstract

The present application is applicable to the technical field of power. Provided are an intelligent charging and discharging circuit and apparatus for a lithium battery. The intelligent charging and discharging circuit is used for charging and discharging N lithium batteries, and comprises: a communication module, coupled to an electronic device; a control module, coupled to the communication module; N charging and discharging modules, all coupled to the control module; and a sampling module, coupled to each charging and discharging module and the control module. The communication module, the control module, the charging and discharging module, and the sampling module cooperate with each other to implement intelligent charging and discharging management of the N lithium batteries, thereby effectively improving operational convenience and charging and discharging efficiency.

Description

Intelligent charging and discharging circuit and device of lithium battery

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411134807.4, filed on August 16, 2024 in the China Patent Office, and entitled "Intelligent charging and discharging circuit and device of lithium battery", the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application belongs to the technical field of electric power, and in particular relates to an intelligent charging and discharging circuit and device of lithium battery. BACKGROUND

[0003] In today's fast-paced society, the popularity of electronic products and people's dependence on them are increasing, and the importance of batteries as one of the core components supporting these high-tech devices is self-evident. Since the advent of lithium-ion batteries in 1980, this technology has perfectly met the high requirements of electronic products on power supply performance due to its unique advantages - compact size, lightest body among all metal materials, high energy storage density, and low redox potential, thus promoting the rapid development of lithium battery technology. As the leader in the field of rechargeable batteries, the charging and discharging technology of lithium batteries has also undergone profound changes and continuous optimization. However, in scenarios requiring management of a large number of lithium batteries, the existing lithium battery charging and discharging circuit needs to be improved in terms of efficiency and intelligence level. TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0004] The present application provides an intelligent charging and discharging circuit and device of lithium battery, which can solve the problem of low efficiency and intelligence level of traditional lithium battery charging and discharging circuit. TECHNICAL SOLUTION

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an intelligent charging and discharging circuit, which is used for charging and discharging N lithium batteries, wherein N is a positive integer of 1 or greater than 1, and the intelligent charging and discharging circuit comprises:

[0006] A communication module coupled to an electronic device for communication with the electronic device;

[0007] A control module coupled to the communication module for controlling the charging and discharging process of lithium batteries according to the control instructions received by the communication module;

[0008] N charging and discharging modules, each of which is coupled to the control module, and each of the charging and discharging modules is used for charging and discharging the lithium battery connected thereto under the control of the control module;

[0009] A sampling module is coupled with each of the charging and discharging modules and the control module, and is configured to sample the voltage and current of the charging and discharging modules to obtain voltage sampling data and current sampling data and output the voltage sampling data and the current sampling data to the control module.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the control module includes N charging and discharging control units, each of the charging and discharging control units corresponding to one of the charging and discharging modules, and each of the charging and discharging control units being configured to control the charging and discharging process of the corresponding charging and discharging module.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the smart charging and discharging circuit further includes:

[0012] A lithium battery in-place detection module is coupled with the control module and each of the charging and discharging modules, and is configured to detect whether the lithium battery is connected to the charging and discharging module and feed back a detection result to the control module.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the control module includes a power-on control unit, and the smart charging and discharging circuit further includes:

[0014] A power module is coupled with the charging and discharging modules, and is configured to provide power for the charging and discharging modules;

[0015] A switch module is coupled with the power module at an output end and an alternating current power supply at an input end, and is configured to control the connection between the alternating current power supply and the power module;

[0016] A power-on control unit is coupled with the lithium battery in-place detection module at an input end and the switch module at an output end, and is configured to control the switch module according to the detection result of the lithium battery in-place detection module.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the circuit state information includes a circuit temperature, and the smart charging and discharging circuit further includes:

[0018] A temperature detection module is coupled with the electronic device, and is configured to detect the circuit temperature of the smart charging and discharging circuit and output a temperature detection result to the electronic device.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the charging and discharging module includes:

[0020] A charging unit is coupled with the control module, and is configured to charge the lithium battery under the control of the control module;

[0021] A discharging unit is coupled to the control module, and is configured to discharge the lithium battery under the control of the control module.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the charging unit comprises:

[0023] A first control switch, an input end of the first control switch being coupled to a voltage output end, and a control end of the first control switch being coupled to the control module;

[0024] An inductor, one end of the inductor being coupled to an output end of the first control switch, and the other end of the inductor being coupled to the lithium battery;

[0025] A capacitor, one end of the capacitor being coupled to the other end of the inductor, and the other end of the capacitor being grounded;

[0026] A diode, one end of the diode being coupled to the output end of the first control switch, and the other end of the diode being grounded.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the discharging unit comprises:

[0028] An operational amplifier, a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier being coupled to the control module;

[0029] A second control switch, a control end of the second control switch being coupled to an output end of the operational amplifier;

[0030] A load resistor, one end of the load resistor being coupled to the lithium battery, and the other end of the load resistor being coupled to an input end of the second control switch;

[0031] A sampling resistor, one end of the sampling resistor being coupled to an output end of the second control switch and a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier, and the other end of the sampling resistor being grounded.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the sampling module comprises:

[0033] A switching chip, the switching chip comprising a plurality of output interfaces, an input of the switching chip being coupled to the charging and discharging module, and the switching chip being configured to acquire a sampling current of the charging and discharging module, and switch different output interfaces according to a size of the sampling current;

[0034] A signal amplification chip, an input end of the signal amplification chip being coupled to an output interface of the switching chip, and an output end of the signal amplification chip being coupled to the control module, the signal amplification chip being configured to amplify the sampling current output by the switching chip, and output the amplified sampling current to the control module.

[0035] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an intelligent charging and discharging system, comprising an electronic device and an intelligent charging and discharging circuit as any one of the above. Advantages

[0036] The application provides a smart charging and discharging circuit and device for lithium batteries. The smart charging and discharging circuit can simultaneously charge and discharge N lithium batteries, which can significantly reduce the overall charging and discharging time compared to charging one by one, and can effectively improve the charging and discharging efficiency in the scenario of managing a large number of lithium batteries. Moreover, the application manages the charging process of N lithium batteries through a unified smart charging and discharging circuit, greatly simplifying the management operation. Only by sending a control instruction through an electronic device, centralized control of all lithium batteries can be realized without operating each lithium battery one by one, improving the management efficiency and reducing errors and delays caused by complicated operations. In addition, as the demand grows, more lithium batteries can be supported by increasing the charging and discharging modules without major modifications to the existing circuit, which has good scalability. In addition, the smart charging and discharging circuit provided by the application can also obtain the charging and discharging state of the lithium battery in real time, and adjust the charging strategy in real time according to the voltage and current data fed back by the sampling module, to ensure that each lithium battery can be charged under safe and stable conditions. This intelligent control mechanism helps to prevent overcharging, overdischarging and other problems, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the entire system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0038] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a smart charging and discharging circuit provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0039] Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a smart charging and discharging circuit provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0040] Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a charging unit provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0041] Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a discharging unit provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0042] Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a current sampling unit provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0043] Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a current sampling unit provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0044] Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a power supply module provided by an embodiment of the application;

[0045] The figure marks: communication module 100, control module 200, charge and discharge control unit 201, power-on control unit 202, charge and discharge module 300, charging unit 301, discharging unit 302, sampling module 400, voltage sampling unit 401, current sampling unit 402, lithium battery in-place detection module 500, power module 600, switch module 700, temperature detection module 800, first control switch K1, inductor L, diode D, operational amplifier OP, second control switch K2, load resistor RL, sampling resistor R1, switching chip U1, signal amplification chip U2. Embodiments of the present application

[0046] In the following description, for the purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system configurations, techniques, etc., in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments described. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the application can be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the application with unnecessary detail.

[0047] It should be understood that the term "includes" when used in the specification and the appended claims herein, specifies the presence of features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0048] It should also be understood that the term "and / or" when used in the specification and the appended claims herein, means any one or more of the associated listed items and includes all possible combinations of the associated listed items.

[0049] As used in the description of the application and the appended claims herein, the term "if' can be interpreted as meaning "when" or "once" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to a detection" depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if determined" or "if detected [the described condition or event]" can be interpreted as meaning "once determined" or "in response to a determination" or "once detected [the described condition or event]" or "in response to a detection [the described condition or event]" depending on the context.

[0050] In addition, in the description of the application and the appended claims herein, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for differentiation in description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0051] Reference to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" or "one implementation" or "some implementations" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in some embodiments" or "in other embodiments" or "in still other embodiments" or other similar phrases in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.

[0052] In the high-speed advancement of today's society, the popularity of electronic products and people's dependence on them are increasing, and the importance of batteries as one of the core components supporting these high-tech devices is self-evident. Since the advent of lithium-ion batteries in 1980, this technology has been perfectly matched with the high requirements of electronic products on power supply performance due to its unique advantages - compact size, lightest body among all metal materials, high energy storage density, and low redox potential, thus promoting the rapid development of lithium battery technology. As the leader in the field of rechargeable batteries, the charging and discharging technology of its supporting equipment has also undergone profound changes and continuous optimization. However, in scenarios that require management of a large number of lithium batteries, the existing lithium battery charging and discharging circuit needs to be improved in terms of efficiency and intelligence level.

[0053] The embodiments of the present application provide a kind of intelligent charging and discharging circuit and device of lithium battery, wherein the intelligent charging and discharging circuit is used to charge and discharge N lithium batteries, comprising: communication module, coupled with an electronic device;Control module, coupled with communication module;N charging and discharging modules, are all coupled with control module;Sampling module, coupled with each charging and discharging module and control module. Through the mutual cooperation between communication module, control module, charging and discharging module and sampling module, the problem that lithium battery charging and discharging circuit cannot efficiently and intelligently complete the charging and discharging task can be solved, the intelligent charging and discharging management of N lithium batteries is realized, and the convenience of operation and charging and discharging efficiency are effectively improved.

[0054] In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the following specific embodiments are described.

[0055] Referring to the circuit structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the intelligent charging and discharging circuit shown in Figure 1, as an example but not limited, comprising:

[0056] Communication module 100, communication module 100 is coupled with an electronic device, for communication with electronic device;

[0057] The control module 200 is coupled to the communication module 100, and is configured to control the charging and discharging process of the lithium battery according to the control instruction received by the communication module 100.

[0058] The N charging and discharging modules 300 are coupled to the control module 200, and each of the N charging and discharging modules 300 is configured to charge and discharge the lithium battery connected thereto under the control of the control module 200.

[0059] The sampling module 400 is coupled to each of the charging and discharging modules 300 and the control module 200, and is configured to sample the voltage and current of the charging and discharging module 300 to obtain voltage sampling data and current sampling data and output the voltage sampling data and the current sampling data to the control module 200.

[0060] The intelligent charging and discharging circuit provided in the embodiments of the present application realizes intelligent charging and discharging management of the N lithium batteries through cooperation among the communication module 100, the control module 200, the charging and discharging module 300 and the sampling module 400.

[0061] Specifically, the communication module 100 is responsible for communication with an external electronic device, can receive a control instruction from the electronic device, and can send circuit state information to the electronic device.

[0062] For example, the external electronic device can be a PC (Personal Computer), such as a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a small notebook computer, a tablet computer, an ultrabook, etc. It should be noted that any device having the functions of sending a control instruction and receiving information can be used as the external electronic device mentioned in the present application, and the present application does not limit the external electronic device.

[0063] For example, the circuit state information includes the temperature of the circuit, the voltage and the current of the charging and discharging module 300.

[0064] For example, the communication module 100 can be an RS485 interface circuit, and the control module 200 communicates with the external electronic device through the RS485 interface circuit.

[0065] The control module 200 receives the control instruction from the communication module 100 and manages the charging and discharging process of the N lithium batteries according to the control instruction.

[0066] For example, the control module 200 can accurately control various parameters of the charging and discharging module 300 according to the control instruction, such as the charging target voltage, the maximum charging current, the charging cutoff current, the discharging target voltage, the maximum discharging current, etc. The control module 200 can flexibly control the charging and discharging process according to the control instruction, ensure the safety and efficiency of the charging and discharging process, and also be compatible with different models of lithium batteries.

[0067] In some possible embodiments, the control instructions include: a start charging instruction, an end charging instruction, a voltage query instruction, a start discharging instruction, etc. Taking the start charging instruction as an example, it contains: a start bit, an address, a command, a voltage, a capacity, a target voltage, an internal resistance, and an end bit, for example: FFFF 01 01 420 3000 410 300 FFFE.

[0068] In some possible embodiments, the intelligent charging and discharging circuit can also send information to the electronic device, for example, informing the electronic device that the charging is complete, or informing the electronic device that the battery is in place / not in place.

[0069] The charging and discharging module 300 is responsible for charging or discharging the N lithium batteries under the control of the control module 200.

[0070] The sampling module 400 is responsible for real-time monitoring of the voltage and current of the charging and discharging module 300, and feeding back these data to the control module 200. The control module 200 processes the current sampling data and voltage sampling data to obtain voltage sampling values and current sampling values. Through the sampling data, the charging and discharging state can be understood in real time, so as to perform accurate control and avoid overcharging, overdischarging, etc.

[0071] In some possible embodiments, the control module 200 can analyze the voltage sampling values and current sampling values, and control the charging and discharging module 300 according to the analysis results. For example, the voltage sampling values can be compared with a preset voltage threshold value, and when the voltage sampling values are greater than the preset voltage threshold value, the charging and discharging module 300 is controlled to stop the charging and discharging process.

[0072] In some possible embodiments, after obtaining the voltage sampling values and current sampling values, the control module 200 can send them to the electronic device through the communication module 100, so that the electronic device analyzes the voltage sampling values and current sampling values, and issues control instructions to the control module 200 according to the analysis results, and then the control module 200 controls the charging and discharging process of the charging and discharging module 300 according to the control instructions.

[0073] In addition, it should be noted that the control module 200 can adjust the charging and discharging strategy in real time according to the voltage and current data fed back by the sampling module 400, to ensure that each lithium battery can be charged and discharged in a safe and stable condition. This intelligent control mechanism helps to prevent overcharging, overdischarging, etc., thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0074] The following will be described in combination with a specific use scenario. Taking the charging and discharging of a POS machine as an example, a lithium battery is one of the important components of a POS machine and is particularly important in the daily use of the POS machine. For a machine returned after sale, the power thereof has usually been consumed by a part or even completely consumed. At this time, the lithium battery of the POS machine needs to be charged first. However, in the case that a large number of returned machines, it needs to consume a large amount of time to charge each battery one by one. The intelligent charging and discharging circuit proposed in the present application can charge multiple lithium batteries at the same time. Compared with charging one by one, the parallel charging mode can significantly reduce the overall charging and discharging time and effectively improve the charging and discharging efficiency. Moreover, the present application manages the charging process of N lithium batteries through a unified intelligent charging and discharging circuit, greatly simplifying the management operation. Only by sending a control instruction through an electronic device, centralized control of all lithium batteries can be realized without operating each lithium battery one by one, improving the management efficiency and reducing errors and delays that may be caused by complicated operations. In addition, as the demand grows, more lithium batteries can be supported by increasing the charging and discharging module 300 without major modification of the existing circuit, having good scalability.

[0075] In a possible implementation, referring to FIG. 2, the control module 200 includes N charging and discharging control units 201, and the charging and discharging control unit 201 corresponds to the charging and discharging module 300 one by one. The charging and discharging control unit 201 is configured to control the charging and discharging process of the charging and discharging module 300 corresponding thereto.

[0076] It should be noted that in the intelligent charging and discharging circuit of the lithium battery, the control module 200 is the core of the whole system and is responsible for managing the charging and discharging process of each lithium battery according to the control instruction. In order to realize this function, the control module 200 is internally provided with N charging and discharging control units 201, and the N charging and discharging control units 201 correspond to the N charging and discharging modules 300 one by one, forming an accurate control system and ensuring that each lithium battery can be independently and accurately managed, that is, the parameter adjustment (such as charging current, discharging current, charging and discharging cutoff voltage, etc.) in the charging and discharging process can be independently performed according to the different states of each lithium battery.

[0077] It should also be noted that the control instruction further includes the address of the charging and discharging control unit 201, so that the control instruction can be accurately transmitted to each charging and discharging control unit 201 and individually control each charging and discharging control unit 201.

[0078] In a possible implementation, referring to FIG. 2, the intelligent charging and discharging circuit further includes:

[0079] The lithium battery in-place detection module 500 is coupled to the control module 200 and each of the charge-discharge modules 300, and is configured to detect whether the lithium battery is connected to the charge-discharge module 300 and feed back the detection result to the control module 200.

[0080] It should be noted that the main function of the lithium battery in-place detection module 500 is to detect whether each lithium battery is correctly connected to the corresponding charge-discharge module 300, so as to prevent short circuit, overcurrent and other safety problems caused by incorrect installation of the battery. In addition to safety detection, the lithium battery in-place detection module 500 can also provide real-time feedback of the battery connection state to the control module 200, and the control module 200 can further adjust the charge-discharge strategy or send a corresponding warning signal according to the actual connection state of the battery.

[0081] For example, during use, if a battery is not correctly installed, the lithium battery in-place detection module 500 can feed back to the control module 200, and the control module 200 can then send a warning signal to the electronic device through the communication module 100 to remind the user to find and solve the problem in time.

[0082] It should also be noted that the lithium battery in-place detection module 500 can be implemented in various ways, including but not limited to mechanical switches, Hall sensors, contact sensors or optical sensors, etc. These sensors can detect the physical connection state between the battery and the charge-discharge module 300, or detect whether the battery is in place by detecting the unique electrical characteristics (such as resistance, capacitance, etc.) of the battery.

[0083] For example, the presence of the battery can be detected by a mechanical switch triggered when the battery is inserted; or the presence of the battery can be detected by the change of the magnetic field, i.e. when the battery is close to the sensor, the magnetic field around the sensor will change, thereby triggering a detection signal; or the presence of the battery can be detected by the reflection or blocking of light, i.e. when the battery is inserted, it will block or reflect a specific light, thereby triggering a detection signal. The specific way of detecting the presence of the battery is not limited in the present application.

[0084] It should be further noted that the lithium battery in place detection module 500 can detect the battery in place condition of each charging and discharging module 300 and give the detection result one by one; for the case that there are many charging and discharging modules 300, a detection result of the battery in place condition of multiple charging and discharging modules 300 can also be given, for example, for the case that N is 288, a comprehensive detection result of the battery in place condition of the first to 48th charging and discharging modules 300 can be given, that is, if all the 48 batteries are in place, a battery in place signal is given, and if any of the batteries is not in place, a battery not in place signal is given; for the 49th to 96th, 97th to 144th, 145th to 192nd, 193rd to 240th and 241st to 288th charging and discharging modules 300, the detection result can also be given in the above manner. In this way, the number of transmission signals can be reduced, and the burden of system data transmission can be reduced.

[0085] In a possible implementation, referring to FIG. 2, the control module 200 includes a power-on control unit 202, and the intelligent charging and discharging circuit further includes:

[0086] A power module 600, the power module 600 is coupled to the charging and discharging module 300, and is configured to provide power for the charging and discharging module 300;

[0087] A switch module 700, one end of the switch module 700 is coupled to the power module 600, and the other end is coupled to an alternating current power supply, and the switch module 700 is configured to control the connection between the alternating current power supply and the power module 600;

[0088] The power-on control unit 202, the input end of the power-on control unit 202 is coupled to the lithium battery in place detection module 500, and the output end is coupled to the switch module 700, and the power-on control unit 202 is configured to control the switch module 700 according to the detection result of the lithium battery in place detection module 500.

[0089] It should be noted that the power module 600 can convert the power from other energy sources (such as mains or other power sources) into the voltage and current specifications required by the charging and discharging module 300, and provide the necessary power for the charging and discharging module 300. In addition, the power module 600 also provides power for other modules and units in the intelligent charging and discharging circuit.

[0090] In some possible implementation manners, the power module 600 can provide voltages of +12V, -12V, +5V and +3.3V. Among them, +12V and +5V adopt a DC-DC step-down mode; +3.3V adopts a linear voltage stabilizing mode; -12V is a negative voltage circuit based on the switching characteristics of a triode, and a square wave of about 1KHz needs to be provided to switch the triode when in use. Referring to FIG. 7, when the PWM is at a low level, the triode Q72 is turned on, the triode Q71 is turned off, and the VCC charges the capacitor C71 through the triode Q72. The charging loop is VCC-triode Q72-capacitor C71-diode D72-GND, and the capacitor C71 is left positive and right negative. When the PWM is at a high level, the triode Q72 is turned off, the triode Q71 is turned on, and the capacitor C71 begins to discharge. The discharging loop is capacitor C71-capacitor C72-diode D1, and this process is also a process of charging the capacitor C72. After the capacitor C72 is fully charged, the lower end is positive and the upper end is negative.

[0091] It should be noted that the -12V power supply provided by the embodiment of the present application is based on a triode design, which can save a negative voltage power supply chip and reduce the circuit cost.

[0092] It should be further noted that the power module 600 further includes resistors R71 and R72.

[0093] In some possible implementation manners, the switch module 700 can be an AC contactor. The AC contactor is an automatic switching electric appliance for turning on or turning off a load main circuit, and is an electric appliance for turning on or turning off a load main circuit by using electromagnetic force. The AC contactor is suitable for frequent operation, remote control of strong current circuit and has a low voltage release protection performance.

[0094] It should be further noted that, in the use process, based on the detection result of the lithium battery in-place detection module 500, the power-on control unit 202 will send a corresponding control signal to the switch module 700. For example, if the lithium battery is in place, the power-on control unit 202 will instruct the switch module 700 to turn on and allow the AC power supply to supply power to the power module 600; if the lithium battery is not in place, the power-on control unit 202 will instruct the switch module 700 to turn off to ensure system safety.

[0095] The overall working process of the circuit power-on is described as follows. When the system is powered on, the lithium battery in-place detection module 500 first detects the state of the lithium battery. If the lithium battery is in place, the detection result is sent to the power-on control unit 202. The power-on control unit 202 controls the switch module 700 to be turned on according to the detection result, allowing the alternating current power supply to supply power to the power supply module 600. After the power supply module 600 receives the power, it converts it into a current and voltage specification suitable for the charge-discharge module 300 and provides power for the charging and discharging process of the lithium battery. Finally, the charge-discharge module 300 charges or discharges the lithium battery. If the lithium battery is found to be not in place during detection, the power-on control unit 202 will control the switch module 700 to disconnect the power supply module 600 from the alternating current power supply.

[0096] In a possible implementation, referring to FIG. 2, the circuit state information includes: circuit temperature, and the intelligent charge-discharge circuit further includes:

[0097] The temperature detection module 800 is coupled to the electronic device and is configured to detect the circuit temperature of the intelligent charge-discharge circuit and output the temperature detection result to the electronic device.

[0098] It should be noted that the temperature detection module 800 is configured to monitor the temperature of the circuit in real time. By using a high-precision temperature sensor, the module can accurately obtain the current temperature value of the circuit. Moreover, the temperature detection module 800 can transmit the detected temperature information to the electronic device, so that the electronic device can further process or respond.

[0099] For example, when the electronic device determines that the temperature value obtained by the sampling module 400 exceeds the preset temperature threshold, the electronic device outputs a power-off instruction to the control module 200, and the control module 200 controls the switch module 700 to disconnect the power supply module 600 from the charge-discharge module 300. It should be noted that the preset temperature threshold is determined according to the design requirements of the circuit, the heat resistance of the materials used, and the safety standards and other factors. Once the temperature of the circuit reaches or exceeds this threshold, it means that the circuit may be in an overheated state, which may cause damage or cause a fire and other safety risks.

[0100] In some possible implementations, the intelligent charge-discharge circuit further includes a cooling fan. The fan is always turned on, and even after the circuit is powered off due to overheating, the fan will continue to work until the temperature drops to a certain preset value and then automatically powers on.

[0101] In a possible implementation, referring to FIG. 2, the charge-discharge module 300 includes:

[0102] The charging unit 301 is coupled to the control module 200 and is configured to charge the lithium battery under the control of the control module 200.

[0103] The discharging unit 302 is coupled to the control module 200, and is configured to discharge the lithium battery under the control of the control module 200.

[0104] It should be noted that the main function of the charging unit 301 is to safely and effectively charge the lithium battery. The charging unit 301 is connected to the control module 200 and receives control signals from the control module 200, including start charging, stop charging, adjust charging parameters, and the like. Through communication with the control module 200, the charging unit 301 can flexibly respond to different charging requirements.

[0105] The main function of the discharging unit 302 is to control the lithium battery to release electrical energy to the outside. Similar to the charging unit 301, the discharging unit 302 is also connected to the control module 200 and receives discharging instructions from the control module 200, including start discharging, stop discharging, adjust discharging power, and the like.

[0106] In one possible implementation, referring to FIG. 3, the charging unit 301 includes:

[0107] The first control switch K1 has an input end coupled to a voltage output end and a control end coupled to the control module 200;

[0108] The inductor L has one end coupled to the output end of the first control switch K1 and the other end coupled to the lithium battery;

[0109] The capacitor has one end coupled to the other end of the inductor L and the other end grounded;

[0110] The diode D has one end coupled to the output end of the first control switch K1 and the other end grounded.

[0111] The principle and working process of the charging unit 301 are introduced as follows. The charging unit 301 provided in the embodiment of the application adopts a BUCK type direct current step-down switching power supply mode, uses a single-chip microcomputer to generate a 47 KHZ PWM pulse signal, controls the first control switch K1 through an IR2104, and thus controls the entire BUCK (step-down conversion) circuit. When the first control switch K1 is turned on, the inductor L converts the current flowing therethrough into magnetic energy for energy storage, and the capacitor C converts part of the current flowing through the inductor L into charge storage; when the first control switch K1 is turned off, the inductor L generates a reverse electromotive force, which is delivered to the load through a voltage output terminal and forms a loop with the freewheeling diode D, and at the same time, the capacitor C converts the charge into a current to supply power to the load. The first control switch K1 is turned on and turned off continuously, so that the VCC generates a pulsating voltage, which is converted into a relatively stable direct current voltage through an LC filter circuit to deliver the voltage to the load. The voltage value of the output voltage is proportional to the time during which the first control switch K1 is turned on in a period. When external factors cause the output voltage or current to change, the 12-bit ADC of the single-chip microcomputer collects the output voltage and current in real time, adjusts the duty cycle of the first control switch K1 in real time, and thus forms a closed-loop voltage control circuit, so as to achieve the purpose of constant current and constant voltage output.

[0112] In a possible implementation, referring to FIG. 4, the discharging unit 302 includes:

[0113] an operational amplifier OP, a non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier OP being coupled to the control module 200;

[0114] a second control switch K2, a control terminal of the second control switch K2 being coupled to an output terminal of the operational amplifier OP;

[0115] a load resistor RL, one end of the load resistor RL being coupled to the lithium battery, and the other end being coupled to an input terminal of the second control switch K2;

[0116] a sampling resistor R1, one end of the sampling resistor R1 being coupled to an output terminal of the second control switch K2 and an inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier OP, and the other end being grounded.

[0117] The principle and working process of the discharging unit 302 are described as follows. The discharging unit 302 mainly consists of an operational amplifier OP and a second control switch K2, and is a current-adjustable constant current source circuit. The constant current source circuit designed by using the operational amplifier OP introduces feedback, and the constant current source of the operational amplifier OP has sufficient precision and adjustability compared with the constant current source of a triode. By using the "virtual short" characteristic of the operational amplifier OP, the in-phase voltage Vin+ is equal to the anti-phase voltage Vin-. Meanwhile, the anti-phase input end is connected to the sampling resistor R1 and then grounded. When the voltage VIN is stable, the voltage across the sampling resistor R1 is also VIN and does not change, so the current flowing through the sampling resistor R1 does not change regardless of the changes of the external circuit. The current of the RL load is equal to the current of the sampling resistor R1, so the current of the RL load remains unchanged even if the power supply of the RL load is a variable voltage power supply, achieving the effect of constant current. The size of the output current can be controlled by using the DAC function of the single-chip microcomputer to control the Vin+ input.

[0118] It should be noted that the discharging unit 302 further includes resistors R2, R3, R4 and R5.

[0119] In a possible implementation, the sampling module 400 includes:

[0120] The voltage sampling unit 401 has one end coupled to the charging and discharging module 300 and the other end coupled to the control module 200.

[0121] The current sampling unit 402 has one end coupled to the charging and discharging module 300 and the other end coupled to the control module 200.

[0122] It should be noted that the main function of the sampling module 400 is to monitor the voltage and current in the charging and discharging process in real time or periodically, so as to adjust the charging and discharging strategy according to these parameters and ensure the safe and efficient operation of the system. Specifically, the sampling module 400 includes the voltage sampling unit 401 and the current sampling unit 402.

[0123] The voltage sampling unit 401 is responsible for measuring the voltage of the charging and discharging module 300 and transmitting the collected voltage data to the control module 200 for processing and analysis. The current sampling unit 402 is responsible for measuring the current through the charging and discharging module 300 and transmitting the collected current data to the control module 200.

[0124] In a possible implementation, referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, the current sampling unit 402 includes:

[0125] The switching chip U1 includes a plurality of output interfaces, and an input of the switching chip U1 is coupled to the charging and discharging module 300, for obtaining a sampling current of the charging and discharging module 300, and switching different output interfaces according to the size of the sampling current;

[0126] The signal amplification chip U2 is coupled to the output interface of the switching chip U1 at an input end, and coupled to the control module 200 at an output end, for amplifying the sampling current output by the switching chip U1, and outputting the amplified sampling current to the control module 200.

[0127] It should be noted that the charging and discharging module 300 requires a maximum charging and discharging current of 3A, and the current sampling range is large, in order to ensure sampling accuracy, the current sampling unit 402 provided in the embodiment of the present application adopts a hierarchical sampling manner, that is, according to the current size, it is divided into four grades: 0~250mA, 251~500mA, 501~1000mA and 1001~3000mA, and the switching chip U1 is used for switching, that is, according to the current gear interval, the actual current is switched to different input pins of the signal amplification chip U2, and then the signal amplification chip U2 amplifies the sampled current in proportion and outputs to the control module 200.

[0128] It should be noted that the current sampling unit 402 further includes: a capacitor C67, a resistor R83, a resistor R84, a resistor R85, a resistor R86, a resistor R87, a resistor R88, a resistor R89, a resistor R55, a resistor R56, a resistor R57, a resistor R58, a resistor R59, a resistor R60, a resistor R61, a resistor R62, a resistor R63, a resistor R64, a resistor R65, a resistor R66, a capacitor C54, a capacitor C55, a capacitor C56 and a capacitor C57.

[0129] The embodiment of the present application further provides a kind of intelligent charging and discharging system, including electronic equipment and the intelligent charging and discharging circuit described above. Utilize the intelligent charging and discharging system provided in the present application can realize the intelligent charging and discharging management of N lithium batteries, effectively improve the convenience of operation and charging and discharging efficiency.

[0130] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, only the above-mentioned division of each functional unit and module is exemplified, and in actual application, the above-mentioned functions can be completed by different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. Each functional unit and module in the embodiment can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can be physically present separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or software. In addition, the specific names of each functional unit and module are only for easy distinction, and do not limit the protection scope of the application. The specific working process of the unit and module in the above system can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0131] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and the parts not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the related description of other embodiments.

[0132] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized in electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. A person skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0133] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separated, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiment according to actual needs.

[0134] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An intelligent charge-discharge circuit for a lithium battery, characterized in that, The intelligent charging and discharging circuit is used for charging and discharging N lithium batteries, wherein N is a positive integer of 1 or greater than 1, and the intelligent charging and discharging circuit comprises: A communication module coupled with an electronic device for communication with the electronic device; A control module coupled with the communication module for controlling the charging and discharging process of the lithium battery according to the control instruction received by the communication module; N charging and discharging modules, each of which is coupled with the control module, and each of the charging and discharging modules is used for charging and discharging the lithium battery connected thereto under the control of the control module; A sampling module coupled with each of the charging and discharging modules and the control module, and the sampling module is used for sampling the voltage and current of the charging and discharging module to obtain voltage sampling data and current sampling data and output to the control module.

2. The intelligent charge and discharge circuit according to claim 1, wherein, The control module comprises N charging and discharging control units corresponding to the charging and discharging modules, and the charging and discharging control units are used for controlling the charging and discharging process of the charging and discharging modules corresponding thereto.

3. The intelligent charge and discharge circuit according to claim 1, wherein, The intelligent charging and discharging circuit further comprises: A lithium battery in-place detection module coupled with the control module and each of the charging and discharging modules for detecting whether the lithium battery is connected with the charging and discharging module and feeding back the detection result to the control module.

4. The intelligent charge and discharge circuit according to claim 3, wherein, The control module comprises a power-on control unit, and the intelligent charging and discharging circuit further comprises: A power module coupled with the charging and discharging module for providing power for the charging and discharging module; A switch module, the output end of the switch module is coupled with the power module, and the input end is coupled with an alternating current power supply, and the switch module is used for controlling the connection between the alternating current power supply and the power module; A power-on control unit, the input end of the power-on control unit is coupled with the lithium battery in-place detection module, and the output end is coupled with the control end of the switch module, and the power-on control unit is used for controlling the switch module according to the detection result of the lithium battery in-place detection module.

5. The intelligent charge and discharge circuit according to claim 4, wherein, The circuit state information comprises: circuit temperature, and the intelligent charging and discharging circuit further comprises: A temperature detection module coupled with the electronic device for detecting the circuit temperature of the intelligent charging and discharging circuit and outputting the temperature detection result to the electronic device.

6. The intelligent charge and discharge circuit according to claim 1, wherein, The charging and discharging module comprises: A charging unit coupled with the control module for charging the lithium battery under the control of the control module; A discharging unit coupled with the control module for discharging the lithium battery under the control of the control module.

7. The intelligent charge and discharge circuit according to claim 6, wherein, The charging unit comprises: A first control switch, the input end of the first control switch is coupled with a voltage output end, and the control end is coupled with the control module; An inductor, one end of the inductor is coupled with the output end of the first control switch, and the other end is coupled with the lithium battery; A capacitor, one end of the capacitor is coupled with the other end of the inductor, and the other end is grounded; A diode, one end of the diode is coupled with the output end of the first control switch, and the other end is grounded.

8. The intelligent charge and discharge circuit according to claim 6, wherein, The discharging unit comprises: An operational amplifier, a non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is coupled with the control module; A second control switch, a control terminal of the second control switch is coupled with an output terminal of the operational amplifier; A load resistor, one end of the load resistor is coupled with the lithium battery, and the other end is coupled with an input terminal of the second control switch; A sampling resistor, one end of the sampling resistor is coupled with an output terminal of the second control switch and a non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the other end is grounded.

9. The intelligent charge and discharge circuit according to claim 1, wherein, The sampling module comprises: A switching chip, the switching chip comprises a plurality of output interfaces, an input of the switching chip is coupled with the charge-discharge module, for acquiring a sampling current of the charge-discharge module, and switching different output interfaces according to the size of the sampling current; A signal amplification chip, an input terminal of the signal amplification chip is coupled with an output interface of the switching chip, and an output terminal of the signal amplification chip is coupled with the control module, the signal amplification chip is used for amplifying the sampling current output by the switching chip, and outputting the amplified sampling current to the control module.

10. An intelligent charging and discharging system, characterized by, The electronic device comprises the intelligent charge-discharge circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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