Projectile with snare for barreled weapon

Abstract

A projectile with a snare for a barreled weapon relates to means for increasing the effective area of a snare, i.e. a structure consisting of weights interconnected by lines which unfolds in flight, fired from a barreled weapon to mechanically immobilize small objects. The projectile is disposed in a shell with a powder propellant and contains weights interconnected by snare lines. The projectile also contains a spring having a central portion and peripheral arms preferably oriented along an imaginary longitudinal axis of the shell. Situated between each arm and the central portion is a bend region. The spring is in a state of elastic flexural deformation. When the projectile is fired and exits the barrel, the spring straightens and throws the weights apart. The lines straighten. The snare flies toward the object to be immobilized and immobilizes same by means of the lines and weights.

Description

[0001] A PROJECTILE WITH A COAT FOR A BARREL WEAPON

[0002] The invention relates to a means for increasing the area of ​​mechanical damage to small objects from a barreled weapon using a cape—a structure deployed in flight, consisting of weights and connecting threads. Such objects can include birds and flying drones (unmanned aerial vehicles). The invention is applicable for bird hunting, ornithological research, and countering flying drones in the organization of security systems for facilities and public events in open areas.

[0003] A projectile with a spring-assisted cape that wraps around the target is described in US Patent Application US20170160060A1, published June 8, 2017. The cape consists of two weights and a thread connecting them. However, this device has a different purpose – immobilizing dangerous individuals. The cape expands not during flight toward the target to increase the area and probability of impact, but rather after the projectile impacts it and as a result of the impact. The area and probability of impact are equal to those of a conventional bullet.

[0004] The closest analogue of the claimed technical solution is a projectile with a cap for a barreled weapon, described in patent US5315932A dated May 31, 1994. The projectile with a cap for a barreled weapon is designed to be placed in a cartridge case with a propellant charge and contains weights. An imaginary longitudinal axis is located on the inside of each weight, and the cartridge case wall is located on the outside of each weight. The imaginary longitudinal axis is directed along the barrel of the weapon. Each weight is connected to at least one other weight by a cape thread. All threads are compactly arranged so that they can straighten when stretched at their ends.

[0005] A drawback of the existing projectile is that the cape cannot expand to a large lethal area, as the forces driving the lateral movement of the payloads are random and small. Small lateral forces cannot quickly move the cape payloads a large distance from the imaginary longitudinal axis, meaning they cannot provide a large lethal area. Due to the small lethal area of ​​the existing projectile, a technical problem exists: a low probability of hitting a target.

[0006] The objective of this technical solution is to increase the effectiveness of firing at flying objects. The technical result achieved by this technical solution is to increase the probability of hitting a flying object with a cape by increasing the striking area. To solve this technical problem and achieve this technical result, the design of a known device was modified. A known capped projectile for a barreled weapon is designed to be placed in a cartridge case with a propellant charge and contains at least two weights. An imaginary longitudinal axis is located on the inner side of each weight, and the cartridge case wall is located on the outer side of each weight. The imaginary longitudinal axis is directed along the barrel of the weapon. Each weight is connected to at least one other weight by a cape thread. Each thread is compactly arranged so that it can straighten when stretched by its ends.

[0007] A spring is additionally incorporated into the known projectile. The spring comprises a central portion and peripheral beams oriented primarily along an imaginary longitudinal axis. Each load corresponds to at least one beam. Between each beam and the central portion is a flexure zone. The spring is in a state of elastic bending deformation. Each beam exerts static pressure on its corresponding load, directed from the imaginary longitudinal axis toward the load. The spring is capable of exerting static pressure on the load and the load on the cartridge case from the imaginary longitudinal axis.

[0008] Shortly after a projectile is fired from a barreled weapon, the projectile leaves the barrel, causing the spring to disperse the cape's weights perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis. The cape quickly expands over a larger area, increasing the probability of hitting a flying object.

[0009] Furthermore, each beam can exert static pressure on its corresponding load in the contact zone. The contact zone is located on an imaginary pressure line, which is the intersection of a plane perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis and passing through the load's center of mass, with a plane passing through the imaginary longitudinal axis and the load's center of mass.

[0010] Additionally, a roller can be inserted into each load. The roller has two end surfaces, a radial surface, and an axis of rotation. The ends of the axis of rotation are located in holes drilled in the load. The axis of rotation is perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis. The radial surface of the roller is in contact with the sleeve. The roller is designed to rotate relative to the load. The load exerts static pressure on the roller's axis of rotation in the direction from the beam to the point of contact between the roller and the sleeve, and the radial surface of the roller exerts static pressure on the sleeve at the point of contact between the roller and the sleeve. In a load with a roller, each beam can exert static pressure on its corresponding load in the contact zone.The beam's contact zone with the load is located on an imaginary pressure line, which is the intersection of a plane perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis and passing through the load's center of mass, with a plane passing through the imaginary longitudinal axis and the load's center of mass. The center of the roller's rotation axis is located on this imaginary pressure line. The threads of the cover can be secured to each load at its center of mass.

[0011] In the initially proposed design, each beam can exert static pressure on its corresponding load in the contact zone, where this contact zone is located on an imaginary pressure line representing the intersection of a plane perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis and passing through the center of mass of the load with a plane passing through the imaginary longitudinal axis and the center of mass of the load. Each load can additionally accommodate a first and second roller. Each roller has an axis of rotation, two end surfaces, and a generatrix. The ends of the axis of rotation are located in holes drilled in the load. The axis of rotation is perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis. The generatrix surface of the roller is in contact with the sleeve. The roller is designed to rotate relative to the load. The load exerts static pressure on the roller axis in the direction from the center of the roller axis to the point of contact between the roller and the sleeve.The oscillating surface of each roller exerts static pressure on the sleeve. The axis of rotation of the first roller is located behind the plane perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis and passing through the center of mass of the load. The axis of rotation of the second roller is located in front of the plane perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis and passing through the center of mass of the load. The threads of the cover can be secured to each load at its center of mass.

[0012] Furthermore, in the originally proposed design, the central part of the spring could be located behind the weights. Each weight has a recess, open to the rear and toward the imaginary longitudinal axis. The front of the recess is bounded by a front wall perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis. The front of the beam is located within the recess. The contact zone between the beam and the weight is located within the recess on its lateral surface.

[0013] An imaginary line drawn from the point on the inner surface of the front wall furthest from the imaginary longitudinal axis to the inflection zone is located within the imaginary angle of friction of the beam end against the front wall. The imaginary angle of friction is measured from the point on the inner surface of the front wall furthest from the imaginary longitudinal axis in a plane passing through the beam and the imaginary longitudinal axis. One of the rays forming the imaginary angle of friction is parallel to the imaginary longitudinal axis and directed backward, while the second ray is located between the beam and the outer side of the load. The threads of the cover can be secured to each load at its center of mass.

[0014] In the above-described variant, where the central part of the spring is located directly behind the weights, the point on the inner surface of the front wall of each weight farthest from the imaginary longitudinal axis can be located at the weight's center of mass. The cape threads can then be attached to each weight at its center of mass.

[0015] Furthermore, the initially proposed design could include a conical surface at the rear of each weight. The convex portion of the conical surface faces outward, its narrow portion is located at the rear, and the conical surface taper ranges from 3 to 90 degrees. Additionally, a collar is included, located behind the weights, with a conical bore at the front. The imaginary axis of the conical bore coincides with the imaginary longitudinal axis, its wide portion is located at the front of the collar, and the taper of the conical bore ranges from 3 to 90 degrees.

[0016] The diameter of an imaginary circle perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis and circumscribed around the narrow portions of the conical surfaces of the weights is smaller than the diameter of the wide portion of the conical opening on the front surface of the cage, but greater than the diameter of the conical opening at a distance from the outer surface of the cage equal to the height of the conical surfaces of the weights. Furthermore, an elastic device is secured within the conical opening of the cage, capable of exerting static forward pressure on the projectile weights when the conical surfaces of the weights are positioned within the conical opening of the cage. The threads of the cape can be secured to each weight at its center of mass.

[0017] The stated advantages of the invention, as well as its features, are explained by the best embodiments with references to the drawings.

[0018] Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a cartridge in which a projectile consisting of two weights and a thread with a spring is placed in the cartridge case. Fig. 2 shows a cross-section of the cartridge shown in Fig. 1. The section passes through the cap weights and the spring beams.

[0019] Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section of a cartridge in which a projectile consisting of four weights and six threads with two springs is placed in the cartridge case. Some sections of the thread are not shown.

[0020] Fig. 4 shows a cross-section of the cartridge shown in Fig. 3. The section passes through the weights of the cape and the spring beams.

[0021] Fig. 5 shows a cross-section of the cartridge shown in Fig. 3. The section passes through the bending zones of the springs.

[0022] Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section of a cartridge case in which a projectile consisting of four weights and six threads with two springs is placed in the case. A roller is located in the recess of each weight. Some sections of the thread are not shown.

[0023] Fig. 7 shows a cross-section of the chuck shown in Fig. 6. The section passes through the cap weights and the roller axes.

[0024] Fig. 8 shows a longitudinal section of a cartridge case in which a projectile consisting of four weights and six threads with two springs is placed in the case. Two rollers are located in the recesses of each weight. Some sections of the thread are not shown.

[0025] Fig. 9 shows a longitudinal section of a cartridge in which a projectile consisting of six weights with a star-shaped leaf spring is placed in the cartridge case. The central part of the spring is located behind the weights. Some sections of the thread are not shown.

[0026] Fig. 10 shows a cross-section of the cartridge shown in Fig. 9. The section passes through the contact zones of the spring beams with the cape weights. Threads and packings are not shown.

[0027] Fig. 11 shows a star-shaped leaf spring, front view.

[0028] Fig. 12 shows a longitudinal section of a star-shaped leaf spring.

[0029] Fig. 13 shows a longitudinal section of a cartridge case in which a projectile consisting of six weights with a star-shaped leaf spring is placed in the case. The central part of the spring is located in front of the weights. Behind the weights is a collar with a conical bore and an elastic element. Some sections of the thread are not shown.

[0030] Fig. 14 shows a cross-section of the cartridge shown in Fig. 13. The section passes between the weights and the clip.

[0031] Fig. 15 shows the projectile shown in Figs. 1 and 2 after it exits the gun barrel following a shot. The weights of the cape fly apart.

[0032] Fig. 16 shows the cape depicted inside the cartridge in Figs. 3-8, but in the open position after firing. The wad and plug are not shown. Fig. 17 shows the projectile shown in Figs. 9 and 10 moving down the barrel of the weapon as a result of firing. The cape weights are shifted toward the longitudinal axis, forming an annular gap between the barrel and the weights.

[0033] Fig. 18 complements the image in Fig. 17. A calculated diagram of forces is presented to demonstrate the movement of projectile weights in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

[0034] Fig. 19 shows the cape shown in Figs. 9, 10, and 17 inside the cartridge, but in the open position after firing. The wad and plug are not shown.

[0035] Fig. 20 shows the cape shown in Figs. 13 and 14 inside the cartridge, but in the open position after firing. The plug is not shown.

[0036] A cartridge containing a projectile with a cap for a barrel weapon comprises a cartridge case 1 (Figs. 1 and 2). The cartridge case is symmetrical with respect to an imaginary longitudinal axis 2 directed along the barrel of the weapon. A primer 3 is located in the bottom part of the cartridge case 1. Also near the bottom part of the cartridge case 1, in front of the primer 3, a powder charge 4 is located. A wad 5 is located in front of the powder charge 4. In front of the wad 5, weights 6 and 7 of the cape are located, connected by a thread 8. On the inside of each weight 6 and 7 is an imaginary longitudinal axis 2, and on the outside - the wall of the cartridge case 1. One end of the thread 8 is secured in the weight 6, the other end - in the weight 7. The middle part of the thread 8 is compactly laid in the packing 9 in a manner known from the prior art. The arrangement 9 provides the possibility of straightening when the thread 8 is stretched by its ends.

[0037] The cartridge includes a spring 10. It contains a central part 11 and peripheral beams 12, oriented primarily along an imaginary longitudinal axis 2. Each of the weights 6 and 7 corresponds to one beam 12. Between each beam 12 and the central part 11 there is a bending zone 13. Weights 6 and 7 of the cape, connected by a thread 8, together with the spring 10 form a projectile.

[0038] The spring 10 is in a state of elastic bending deformation. Each beam 12 of the spring 10 exerts static pressure on its corresponding weight 6 and 7, directed from the imaginary longitudinal axis 2 towards the weight. The design of the projectile provides the ability to exert static pressure by the spring 10 on each weight 6, 7 and by each weight 6, 7 on the cartridge case 1 from the side of the imaginary longitudinal axis 2. From the front side, the cartridge case is closed with a plug 14. The number of cap weights can be increased, which will reduce the flight range of the cape, but significantly increase the probability of hitting the target. An example of such a cartridge is shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. The design of the projectile uses four weights 6, 7, 20 and 21, as well as two springs 10 and 22. Each of the springs 10 and 22 is an elastic ring of hardened steel wire of rectangular cross-section, twisted into two turns. The ends of the wire are bent sections, which are beams 12. The rings of springs 10 and 22 are inserted into each other like two adjacent links of a ship's chain.

[0039] Each beam 12 of the spring 10 exerts static pressure on the corresponding load 6, 7 in the contact zone 23 and 24, respectively. The contact zone 23 is located on the imaginary pressure line 25, which is the intersection of a plane perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis 2 and passing through the center of mass 26 of the load 6, with a plane passing through the imaginary longitudinal axis 2 and the center of mass 26 of the load 6. Similarly, the contact zone 24 is located on the imaginary pressure line 25.

[0040] Similarly, each beam 12 of spring 22 exerts static pressure on the corresponding load 20, 21 in contact zone 27 and 28 (Fig. 4), respectively. Contact zone 27 is located on imaginary pressure line 29, which is the intersection of a plane perpendicular to imaginary longitudinal axis 2 and passing through the center of mass of load 20, with a plane passing through imaginary longitudinal axis 2 and the center of mass of load 20. Contact zone 28 is similarly located on imaginary pressure line 29.

[0041] The cross-section of the cartridge, the longitudinal section of which is shown in Fig. 3, made through the bending zones of springs 10 and 22, is shown in Fig. 5.

[0042] A projectile in which a roller is additionally inserted into each load is shown in Figs. 6 and 7. For example, a roller 30 is inserted into a special niche in load 6. The roller 30 has two end surfaces 31, a generatrix 32 and an axis of rotation 33. The ends of the axis of rotation 33 are located in holes 34 (Fig. 7) made in the load 6. The axis of rotation 33 (Figs. 6 and 7) is perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis 2. The generatrix 32 of the roller 30 is in contact with the sleeve 1. The roller 30 is configured to rotate relative to the load 6. The load 6 exerts static pressure on the axis of rotation 33 of the roller 30 in the direction from the beam 12 to the point of contact 35 of the roller 30 with the sleeve 1. The generatrix 32 of the roller 30 exerts static pressure on the sleeve 1 at the point of contact 35 of the roller 30 with the sleeve 1. Each beam 12 of the springs 10 and 22 exerts static pressure on the load corresponding to it in the contact zone. For example, beam 12 of spring 10 exerts static pressure on load 6 in contact zone 23.The contact zone 23 of the beam 12 with the load 6 is located on the imaginary pressure line 25, which is the intersection of the plane perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis 2 and passing through the center of mass of the load 6, with the plane passing through the imaginary longitudinal axis 2 and the center of mass of the load 6. The middle of the rotation axis 33 of the roller 30 is located on the imaginary pressure line 25. The rollers in the loads 7, 20 and 21 are similarly arranged and related to the parts of the projectile and cartridge.

[0043] A projectile in which two additional rollers are inserted into each load is shown in Fig. 8. For example, the first roller 40 and the second roller 41 are inserted into special niches in load 6. The roller 40 has two end surfaces 31, a generatrix surface 32 and an axis of rotation 33. The ends of the axis of rotation 33 are located in holes made in the load 6. The axis of rotation 33 is perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis 2. The generatrix surface 32 of the roller 40 is in contact with the sleeve 1. The roller 40 is configured to rotate relative to the load 6. The load 6 exerts static pressure on the axis of rotation 33 of the roller 40 in the direction from the beam 12 to the point of contact 35 of the roller 40 with the sleeve 1. The generatrix surface 32 of the roller 40 exerts static pressure on the sleeve 1 at the point of contact 35 of the roller 40 with the sleeve 1. The axis of rotation of the first roller 40 is located behind the plane perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis 2 and passing through the center of mass of the load 6. Between the load 6 and the wall sleeve 1 has a gap of 42.The cross-section of the structure passing through the axis of rotation 33 is similar to that shown in Fig. 7. The threads of the cape 8 are secured to each load at the center of its mass.

[0044] The design and location of the second roller 41 in the load 6 is similar to the roller 40, with the difference that the axis of rotation of the second roller 41 is located in front of the plane perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis 2 and passing through the center of mass of the load 6.

[0045] Each beam 12 of springs 10 and 22 exerts static pressure on the corresponding load in the contact zone. For example, beam 12 of spring 10 exerts static pressure on load 6 in contact zone 23. Contact zone 23 of beam 12 with load 6 is located on imaginary pressure line 25, which is the intersection of a plane perpendicular to imaginary longitudinal axis 2 and passing through the center of mass of load 6, with a plane passing through imaginary longitudinal axis 2 and the center of mass of load 6. The middle of rotation axis 33 of roller 30 is located on imaginary pressure line 25. The rollers in the remaining loads of the projectile are similarly arranged and related to the parts of the projectile and cartridge. The threads of the cape 8 are secured to each load at its center of mass.

[0046] Another design of the projectile is shown in Figs. 9 and 10. The star-shaped leaf spring 50 (Figs. 11 and 12) is made with six beams 12. The central part 11 of the spring 50 is located behind the weights (Figs. 9 and 10). A wad 5 is located behind the central portion 11 of the spring 50. The wad 5 is configured to transmit the pressure of the powder gases to the central portion of the spring 11 and / or the inflection zones 13 along the imaginary longitudinal axis 2. A recess 51 is made in the load 7, open to the rear and towards the imaginary longitudinal axis 2. At the front, the recess 51 is limited by a front wall 52, perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis 2. The front portion of the beam 12 is located in the recess 51. The contact zone 53 of the beam 12 with the load 7 is located inside the recess 51 on its lateral surface. To accommodate the threads 8 laid from the packings 9 to the place of their fastening in the load 7, a narrow groove 54 is provided, the width of which is significantly less than the width of the end of the beam 12.The threads of the cape 8 are secured to each load at the center of its mass.

[0047] A flat, high-hardness plate (not shown) can be placed behind groove 54 on the front wall 52 of recess 51 on each weight. This plate is perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis 2. It is designed to prevent the front wall 52 from being crushed by the ends of beams 12 during firing.

[0048] An imaginary line 55 (Fig. 18), drawn from the point on the inner surface of the front wall 52 that is furthest from the imaginary longitudinal axis 2 to the inflection zone 13 (Fig. 9), is located within the imaginary angle of friction 56 of the end of the beam 12 against the front wall 52 (Fig. 18). In this case, the imaginary angle of friction 56 is laid off from the point on the inner surface of the front wall 52 that is furthest from the imaginary longitudinal axis 2 in a plane passing through the beam 12 and the imaginary longitudinal axis 2. One of the rays forming the imaginary angle of friction 56 (position 61) is parallel to the imaginary longitudinal axis 2 and directed backward, and the second ray (position 62) is located between the beam 12 and the outer side of the load 7.

[0049] In similar relationships, spring 50 (Fig. 9) is located with the remaining weights 6, 57, 58, 59 and 60 (Fig. 10). Spring 50 is shown separately in Fig. 11 (front view) and Fig. 12 (side sectional view).

[0050] The design of the projectile shown in Figs. 13 and 14 is distinguished by the fact that the spring 50 in it, also resembling a star shape (Figs. 11 and 12), is located with the central part 11 forward (Figs. 13 and 14). A conical surface is formed at the rear of each weight. For example, at the rear of weight 7, a conical surface 70 is formed, the imaginary axis 71 of which is parallel to the imaginary longitudinal axis 2. The convex part of the conical surface 70 is directed outward, and the narrow part 72 of the conical surface 70 is located at the rear. The taper of the conical surface 70 is in the range from 3 to 90 degrees.

[0051] In the load 7, a recess 51 is made, open to the rear and towards the imaginary longitudinal axis 2. At the rear, the recess 51 is limited by a front wall 52, perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis 2. The rear part of the beam 12 is located in the recess 51. The contact zone 53 of the beam 12 with the load 7 is located on the lateral surface of the recess 51. To accommodate the threads 8 laid from the packings 9 to the place of their fastening in the load 7, a narrow groove 54 is provided, the width of which is significantly less than the width of the rear part of the beam 12.

[0052] Additionally, a collar 73 is introduced, located behind the weights, connected to the wad 5. In the front part of the collar 73, a conical hole 74 is made. The imaginary axis of the conical hole 74 coincides with the imaginary longitudinal axis 2. The wide part 75 of the conical hole 74 is located in the front part of the collar 73. The taper of the conical hole 74 is in the range from 3 to 90 degrees.

[0053] The diameter of an imaginary circle perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis 2 and described around the narrow parts of the conical surfaces of the weights is less than the diameter of the wide part 75 of the conical opening 74, measured on the front surface of the collar 73, but greater than the diameter of the conical opening 74, measured at a distance from the outer surface of the collar 73, equal to the height of the conical surfaces of the weights.

[0054] An elastic means, a spiral spring 76, is secured in the holder inside the opening. It is designed to exert static forward pressure on the load 7 when its conical surface 70 is placed in the conical opening 74 of the holder 73. The wad 5 is designed to transmit the pressure of the powder gases to the holder 73 in the direction of the imaginary longitudinal axis 2.

[0055] Spring 50, collar 73, and spring 76 (Fig. 13) are in similar relationships with the remaining weights 6, 77, 78, 79, and 80 (Fig. 14). The threads of the cape 8 are secured to each weight at its center of mass.

[0056] The device operates as follows. The projectile, shown in Figs. 1 and 2, is fired in the direction of a flying object with the aiming point correctly selected. After firing, the projectile begins to move forward, first in cartridge case 1, then in barrel 81 of the weapon (Fig. 15). The force acting on the projectile from wad 5 (Fig. 1) from the burning powder charge 4 in this case significantly exceeds the static friction force arising between weights 6, 7 and cartridge case 1 from the static pressure of beams 12 of spring 10 on weights 6, 7.

[0057] Weights 6 and 7, together with spring 10, wad 5, threads 8, spacers 9, and plug 14, move along the barrel of weapon 81 (Fig. 15) with acceleration. Under certain cartridge and weapon parameters, friction between the weights and the barrel causes a thin layer of molten metal, the metal from which the weights are made, to form between the weights and the barrel. This phenomenon is especially pronounced if the weights are made of lead. A small amount of lead remains in the barrel after each shot, causing lead fouling.

[0058] At a certain point in time, the projectile leaves the muzzle of barrel 81. Weights 6 and 7, under the action of beams 12 of spring 10, begin to move transversely, stretching thread 8 and pulling thread 8 from packing 9. Having moved weights 6 and 7 to the maximum expansion distance of their beams 12, spring 10 then flies toward the target together with the cape, acting as an additional damaging factor. When the cape, consisting of weights 6, 7 and the connecting thread 8, reaches the flying object, it will be damaged. It is less likely that one of weights 6, 7 or spring 10 will strike the object and cause damage. It is more likely that thread 8 will catch on the flying object. After this, weights 6 and 7 will begin to wrap around it, which will make further flight of the object impossible and will lead to its fall.When engaging a flying drone, it's also important to note that the mechanical impulse generated by the cape can significantly alter the drone's subsequent flight path, even down to its point of impact, if the drone was heading somewhere other than the shooter. This significantly improves the shooter's overall effectiveness when engaging an attack drone. The drone will miss its intended target.

[0059] The cape with four weights, shown in the cartridge in Figs. 3 and 4, acts in a similar manner after firing. At a distance S from the muzzle of barrel 81 (Fig. 16), it opens and flies toward the target in an open state—the threads 8 completely exit the rests 9 (Fig. 3). Since the contact zone 23 of beam 12 with weight 6 is located on imaginary pressure line 25, on which the center of mass 26 of weight 6 is also located, rotation of weight 6 immediately after its exit from the barrel due to the action of beam 12 does not occur.

[0060] Then loads 6, 7, 20 and 21 fly towards the target along a ballistic trajectory.

[0061] Its probability of hitting a flying object 82 is significantly higher than that of a cape with two weights (Fig. 15) due to its larger striking area. The cape's threads 8, connecting weight 6 to weight 7, as well as weight 20 to weight 21, can be connected to each other in the middle, further increasing the projectile's effectiveness.

[0062] As weights 6, 7, 20, and 21 move in the projectiles shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 8, immediately after firing, rollers 30 (Figs. 6 and 7) and 40 (Fig. 8) roll along the barrel, significantly reducing friction between the entire projectile and the barrel. In the design of the projectile shown in Figs. 6 and 7, contact between the weights and the barrel during firing may occur, but with a very low pressure force. The reason for the small magnitude of this force is that the imaginary pressure line 25 of beam 12 from spring 10 onto load 6, for example, passes through the center of the rotation axis 33 of roller 30. In a stationary state, this entire force is transmitted to the surface with which the generatrix surface 32 of roller 30 contacts. When load 6 accelerates with a soft wad 5, a slight tilt of load 6 relative to the barrel may occur from the side of the loads, and part of the outer surface of load 6 still touches the barrel. However, the transfer of metal from load 6 to the inner surface of the barrel is minimal.

[0063] Lead lining of the barrel is completely eliminated in the design with two rollers 40 in each load, shown in Fig. 8. Due to two contact points 35 at the two rollers 40 in the longitudinal direction, the gap 42 between the load 6 and the surface on which the rollers 40 roll is constant.

[0064] Weights 6, 7, 20, and 21 of the projectiles shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 8, after exiting barrel 81 during firing, move progressively, forward and sideways, since beams 12 of springs 10 and 22 act on each of them along imaginary pressure line 25, and the threads of the cape 8 are attached to each weight at its center of mass. The cape's flight to the target occurs similarly to the designs described above. This process can also be illustrated by Figure 16.

[0065] A different interaction of the projectile components, reducing friction against the barrel and preventing it from becoming leaded, is incorporated into the design shown in Figs. 9, 10 and 17. After firing, the powder gases 83 press on the wad 5, which in turn transfers this pressure to the central part of the spring 11 and / or the bending zones 13. The spring 50 is thereby displaced forward within the recesses 51 of the weights, and the beams 12 are pressed with their ends against the front walls 52 of the recesses 51. After this, the spring 50 with the weights begins to move forward along the barrel 81 with significant acceleration.

[0066] As a result of the acceleration, a significant force Fi (Fig. 18) arises between each load and the corresponding end of beam 12, directed along beam 12, or, more precisely, along imaginary line 55 drawn from the point on the inner surface of front wall 52 that is furthest from imaginary longitudinal axis 2 to inflection zone 13 (Figs. 9 and 17). From the side of spring 50 to front wall 52 of depression 51 (Fig. 9) of each load, for example, load 7 (Fig. 18), this force is directed forward. According to the rules of mechanics, force Fi can be decomposed into components F2 and B3, providing an equivalent force effect. Force F2 is directed parallel to imaginary longitudinal axis 2, and force F3 is perpendicular to the direction of beam 12.

[0067] When the projectile moves along the barrel 81, the force F2 is balanced by a reactive force of the same magnitude but oppositely directed (not shown) acting from the load 7 on the beam 12 due to the pressure of the powder gases. And the force F3, overcoming the action of the force F4 (the force of the static pressure of the load 7 on the barrel 81), causes the load 7 to move in the direction of the imaginary longitudinal axis 2. On this axis, the load 7 meets the other loads of the projectile. A gap 84 is formed between the barrel 81 and the load 7 (as well as the other loads of the projectile). This gap is maintained exactly as long as the magnitude of the force F3 exceeds the magnitude of the force F4. Sliding of the beam 12 along the front surface 52 in the direction of the imaginary longitudinal axis 2 does not occur, since the direction of the vector F3 lies inside the friction angle 56, defined by rays 61 and 62.

[0068] This projectile, after exiting barrel 81 toward aerial drone 85 and straightening out threads 8 from their packing, is shown in Fig. 19. After the projectile leaves barrel 81, its acceleration ceases. Under the influence of spring F4, weight 7 also begins to move transversely. The remaining weights begin to move similarly, causing the cape to open, as shown in Fig. 19.

[0069] The wad and plug are not shown. Each of the weights 6, 7, 57, 58, 59, and 60 is connected to each weight by separate threads 8. Spring 50 moves forward toward the target, providing an additional destructive force.

[0070] The projectile whose operation is described, despite its simplicity, has a drawback consisting in the fact that the gap 84 (Figs. 17 and 18) between the supporting surface and each weight appears only after the force Fi (and along with it the force F2) has increased to a certain value. The movement of the projectile inside the cartridge case 1 occurs earlier, with the increase in the pressure of the powder gases, and with the sliding of the weights 6, 7, 57, 58, 59 and 60 (Fig. 9) along the cartridge case 1. Such sliding under pressure causes lead lining of the cartridge case at the initial stage of movement. In the design of the projectile shown in Figs. 13, 14 and 20, this drawback is practically reduced to zero. When the powder charge 4 burns, the gas pressure, overcoming the action of the spring 76, moves the wad 5 together with the clip 73 from its place and places the surface of the conical opening 74 of the clip 73 on the conical surfaces 70 of the weights 6, 7, 77, 78, 79 and 80.This leads to compression of all weights in the direction of the imaginary longitudinal axis 2 and the formation of an annular gap between weights 6, 7, 77, 78, 79 and 80 and the sleeve 1. The section and time of movement of the projectile inside the sleeve 1 with pressure on the sleeve 1 in the perpendicular direction and with sliding of weights 6, 7, 77, 78, 79 and 80 (Fig. 9) along the sleeve 1 is significantly reduced.

[0071] Subsequently, upon exiting the barrel (Fig. 20), the cape straightens out and flies toward the target—air drone 85. The plug is not shown. Threads 8 are fastened together in a structure resembling a web—from the threads secured in the weights, at some distance from the point of attachment, internal transverse threads 86 are attached. The ends of the internal transverse threads 86 are secured in the middle sections of those threads 8 that connect the oppositely located (relative to the aiming line 87) cape weights. Component 88 (wad with clip), as well as spring 50, move toward the target together with the cape, representing additional damaging factors.

[0072] The claimed device can be used on a permanent basis for bird hunting, ornithological research, and counter-terrorism, ensuring the security of facilities (including airports and stadiums) and public events in open spaces. It can also be temporarily deployed in combat during military operations. When repelling a swarm of flying drones, the device is used for a remotely controlled automatic weapon coupled with a fire control system. It is most successfully applied to drones with flight programs capable of executing without operator radio control or the use of radio navigation systems.

[0073] The invention has been disclosed above with reference to specific embodiments. Other embodiments of the invention may be apparent to those skilled in the art without altering its essence as disclosed herein. Accordingly, the invention should be considered limited in scope only by the following claims.

Claims

CLAUSES OF THE INVENTION 1. A projectile with a cape for a barrel weapon is made with the possibility of being placed in a cartridge case (1) with a powder charge (4), contains at least two weights (6, 7), wherein the projectile is made in such a way that when placing the projectile in the cartridge case, on the outside of each weight there is a wall of the cartridge case (1), and on the inside of each weight there is an imaginary longitudinal axis (2), which is directed along the barrel of the weapon when placing the projectile and cartridge case in the weapon, each weight is connected to at least one more weight by a thread (8) of the cape, each thread is laid with the possibility of straightening when stretched by its ends, characterized in that a spring (10) is additionally introduced, the spring contains a central part (11) and peripheral beams (12), oriented when placing the projectile in the cartridge case mainly along the imaginary longitudinal axis (2), each weight corresponds to at least one beam (12), between each beam (12) and the central part (11) there is a zone of inflection,wherein the spring (10) when the projectile is placed in the sleeve (1) is in a state of elastic bending deformation, and each beam is designed with the ability to exert static pressure on the load corresponding to it, directed from the imaginary longitudinal axis to the load in such a way as to ensure static pressure by the spring on the load and by the load on the sleeve from the side of the imaginary longitudinal axis.

2. The projectile according to paragraph 1, characterized in that each beam is designed with the ability to exert static pressure on the load corresponding to it in the contact zone, the contact zone is located on an imaginary pressure line, which is the intersection of a plane perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis and passing through the center of mass of the load, with a plane passing through the imaginary longitudinal axis and the center of mass of the load.

3. The projectile according to paragraph 1, characterized in that a roller is additionally introduced into each load, the roller has two end surfaces, a forming surface and an axis of rotation, the ends of the axis of rotation are located in holes made in the load, the axis of rotation is perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis, the forming surface of the roller is designed with the ability to be in contact with the sleeve when the projectile is placed in the sleeve, the roller is designed with the ability to rotate relative to the load, the load is designed with the ability to exert static pressure on the axis of rotation of the roller in the direction from the beam to the point of contact of the roller with the sleeve when placing the projectile in the sleeve, the generating surface of the roller is designed with the ability to exert static pressure on the sleeve at the point of contact of the roller with the sleeve when placing the projectile in the sleeve.

4. The projectile according to paragraph 3, characterized in that each beam is designed with the ability to exert static pressure on the load corresponding to it in the contact zone, the contact zone of the beam with the load is located on an imaginary pressure line, which is the intersection of a plane perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis and passing through the center of mass of the load, with a plane passing through the imaginary longitudinal axis and the center of mass of the load; the middle of the axis of rotation of the roller is located on the imaginary pressure line.

5. The projectile according to item 2, characterized in that a first and a second roller are additionally introduced into each load, each roller has an axis of rotation, two end surfaces and a generatrix, the ends of the axis of rotation are located in openings made in the load, the axis of rotation is perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis, the generatrix surface of the roller is in contact with the sleeve, the roller is configured to rotate relative to the load, the load is configured to exert static pressure on the roller axis in the direction from the middle of the roller axis to the point of contact of the roller with the sleeve, the generatrix surface of each roller is configured to exert static pressure on the sleeve, the axis of rotation of the first roller is located behind the plane perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis and passing through the center of mass of the load, the axis of rotation of the second roller is located in front of the plane perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis and passing through the center of mass of the load.

6. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the central part of the spring is located behind the weights, a recess is made in each weight, the recess is open to the rear and towards the imaginary longitudinal axis, in front the recess is limited by a front wall perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis; the front part of the beam is located in the recess, the zone of contact of the beam with the load is located inside the recess on its lateral surface; an imaginary line drawn from the point on the inner surface of the front wall that is furthest from the imaginary longitudinal axis to the inflection zone is located within the imaginary angle of friction of the end of the beam against the front 17 wall, where the imaginary angle of friction is set off from the point on the inner surface of the front wall that is furthest from the imaginary longitudinal axis in the plane passing through the beam and the imaginary longitudinal axis; one of the rays forming the imaginary angle of friction is parallel to the imaginary longitudinal axis and directed backwards, and the second ray is located between the beam and the outer side of the load.

7. A projectile according to claim 6, characterized in that the point on the inner surface of the front wall of each load that is most distant from the imaginary longitudinal axis is located at the center of mass of the load.

8. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that a conical surface is formed in the rear part of each load, the convex part of the conical surface is directed outward, the narrow part of the conical surface is located at the rear, the taper of the conical surface is in the range from 3 to 90 degrees; in addition, a collar is introduced, located at the rear of the loads, in the front part of which a conical opening is formed, the imaginary axis of the conical opening coincides with the imaginary longitudinal axis, the wide part of the conical opening is located in the front part of the collar, the taper of the conical opening is in the range from 3 to 90 degrees;the diameter of an imaginary circle, perpendicular to the imaginary longitudinal axis and described around the narrow parts of the conical surfaces of the weights, is less than the diameter of the wide part of the conical opening on the front surface of the cage, but greater than the diameter of the conical opening at a distance from the outer surface of the cage equal to the height of the conical surfaces of the weights; an elastic means is secured inside the conical opening in the cage, designed with the possibility of static forward pressure on the weights of the projectile when the conical surfaces of the weights are placed in the conical opening of the cage.

9. A projectile according to paragraphs 4, 5, 6 or 8, characterized in that the threads of the cape are secured to each load at the center of its mass.

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