Immersion cooling system and immersion cooling method

Abstract

Disclosed in the present disclosure are an immersion cooling system and an immersion cooling method, which are applied to the technology of electronic-device cooling. The immersion cooling system comprises: an immersion cooling chassis, wherein a device to be cooled is arranged in a first chamber; an internal circulation heat sink for transferring heat from said device to a coolant; an external circulation heat exchanger mounted outside the immersion cooling chassis and in communication with the immersion cooling chassis, wherein the coolant in the first chamber passes through the external circulation heat exchanger for cooling and then flows back into the first chamber; a flow pump for adjusting the flow rate of the external circulation heat exchanger; a temperature measurement component for acquiring the temperature of the coolant; and a controller for controlling the flow rate of the flow pump on the basis of the temperature of the coolant.

Description

An immersion cooling system and immersion cooling method

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This disclosure claims the benefit and priority of Chinese Patent Application No. 202411179613.6, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on August 27, 2024, entitled "An Immersion Cooling System and Immersion Cooling Method", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to cooling technology, and in particular to an immersion cooling system and an immersion cooling method. Background Technology

[0004] Edge computing reduces data transmission latency and improves response speed by deploying computing and storage resources close to the data source. However, edge computing devices, such as edge servers, often need to be deployed in harsh outdoor environments, such as high temperatures, low temperatures, high humidity, and dust. These environments place extremely high demands on the heat dissipation of edge computing devices.

[0005] In related technologies, air cooling is generally used to cool edge computing devices. However, due to the low thermal conductivity and high energy consumption of air, it is difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-density computing devices. Immersion cooling systems have gradually become the preferred solution for data center cooling due to their high thermal conductivity and superior environmental adaptability. However, immersion cooling systems in related technologies are mainly used in indoor environments and cannot adapt to harsh outdoor environments. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This disclosure provides an immersion cooling system, comprising:

[0007] The immersion cooling chamber has a first chamber filled with coolant, and the first chamber is used to place the equipment to be cooled.

[0008] An internal circulation radiator, located in the first chamber, is used to be installed on the equipment to be cooled, so that the heat of the equipment to be cooled can be transferred to the coolant;

[0009] An external circulation heat exchanger is installed outside the immersion cooling chamber and is connected to the immersion cooling chamber. The coolant in the first chamber is cooled by the external circulation heat exchanger and then flows back into the first chamber.

[0010] A flow pump, connected to the external circulation heat exchanger, is used to regulate the flow rate of the external circulation heat exchanger;

[0011] A temperature detection component is installed in the first chamber to obtain the temperature of the coolant;

[0012] A controller, connected to the flow pump and the temperature detection component, is used to control the flow rate of the flow pump according to the temperature of the coolant.

[0013] In some embodiments, the immersion cooling system further includes:

[0014] An external circulation fan module is disposed on one side of the external circulation heat exchanger. The external circulation fan module is connected to the controller and is used to cool the external circulation heat exchanger.

[0015] The controller is also used to control the operation of the external circulation fan module according to the temperature of the coolant.

[0016] In some embodiments, the immersion cooling system further includes:

[0017] An expansion chassis is provided with a second chamber, and the expansion chassis is fitted together with the immersion cooling chassis.

[0018] Furthermore, the external circulation heat exchanger, the flow pump, and the external circulation fan module are all installed in the second chamber, and the external circulation heat exchanger, the flow pump, and the immersion cooling box are all connected by liquid cooling pipelines.

[0019] In some embodiments, the flow pump is located between the external circulation heat exchanger and the immersion cooling chamber, and solenoid valves are provided on both the liquid cooling pipeline between the flow pump and the immersion cooling chamber and on the liquid cooling pipeline between the external circulation heat exchanger and the immersion cooling chamber; the controller is connected to the solenoid valve and is used to control the opening or closing of the solenoid valve according to the temperature of the coolant.

[0020] In some embodiments, the expansion housing is further provided with a pump bracket, and the flow pump is mounted on the pump bracket; elastic components are provided between the pump bracket and the flow pump, and between the external circulation heat exchanger and the expansion housing.

[0021] In some embodiments, a pressure relief valve and a pressure sensor are also included. The pressure relief valve is installed on the immersion cooling chamber, and the pressure sensor is installed in the first chamber. The controller is connected to the pressure relief valve and the pressure sensor and is used to control the opening or closing of the pressure relief valve according to the pressure of the first chamber obtained by the pressure sensor.

[0022] In some embodiments, the immersion cooling chamber includes a housing and a cover plate, the housing and the cover plate being detachably and sealingly connected, and the first chamber being located between the housing and the cover plate;

[0023] It also includes an internal heating element, which is installed on the side of the cover plate near the first chamber; the controller is connected to the internal heating element to control the internal heating element to turn on or off.

[0024] In some embodiments, the external circulation heat exchanger includes an external circulation cold plate and a plurality of external circulation fins, wherein each of the external circulation fins is arranged in parallel and mounted on the external circulation cold plate; the external circulation cold plate is further provided with a plurality of baffles for dividing the external circulation cold plate into a plurality of channels connected in series, wherein a plurality of the external circulation fins are arranged in each of the channels.

[0025] In some embodiments, the immersion cooling chamber is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the inlet and the outlet being located on opposite sides of the immersion cooling chamber; the immersion cooling chamber is provided with a plurality of partitions, each of the partitions extending from the side closer to the inlet to the side closer to the outlet.

[0026] In some embodiments, the partition plates have at least two sets, located on a side near the inlet and a side near the outlet, respectively, and the device to be cooled is disposed between two adjacent sets of the partition plates so that the coolant flows to the location of the device to be cooled after flowing through the partition plates.

[0027] In some embodiments, in each group of partitions, the width of the partition near the inlet or the outlet gradually decreases towards the partition away from the inlet or the outlet; and the spacing between adjacent partitions near the inlet or the outlet gradually increases towards the spacing between adjacent partitions away from the inlet or the outlet.

[0028] In some embodiments, the immersion cooling chamber is further provided with a plurality of guide plates, each of which divides the first chamber into a first region, a second region, and a third region; the power module of the device to be cooled is located in the first region, the processing element is located in the second region, and the storage module is located in the third region; and the width between the guide plates located on both sides of the second region is greater than the width between other adjacent guide plates.

[0029] In some embodiments, the guide plates located on both sides of the second region are provided with guide edges, which are bent toward the direction of approaching the second region to form a flow convergence zone in the second region; and the second region corresponds to the position of the inlet and / or the outlet.

[0030] Another aspect of this disclosure provides an immersion cooling method employing the aforementioned immersion cooling system, comprising:

[0031] Obtain the temperature of the coolant;

[0032] When the temperature of the coolant is less than or equal to a first temperature value, the coolant and / or the external circulation heat exchanger are heated.

[0033] When the temperature of the coolant is higher than the first temperature value but less than or equal to the second temperature value, the flow pump is started; the temperature of the equipment to be cooled and the coolant are acquired in real time, and the flow rate of the flow pump is controlled according to the temperature of the equipment to be cooled and the coolant.

[0034] In some embodiments, the immersion cooling system further includes an external circulation fan module for cooling the external circulation heat exchanger; and also includes:

[0035] After the temperature of the coolant is higher than the second temperature value and remains higher than the first preset time, the external circulation fan module and the flow pump are turned on.

[0036] When the temperature of the coolant is less than or equal to the second temperature value and remains so for a second preset time, the external circulation fan module is controlled to shut down while the flow pump remains on.

[0037] Furthermore, the second preset time is longer than the first preset time. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or related technologies of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the immersion cooling system provided in this disclosure;

[0040] Figure 2 is a front view of the external circulation heat exchanger in the immersion cooling system shown in Figure 1;

[0041] Figure 3 is a top view of the external circulation heat exchanger in the immersion cooling system shown in Figure 1;

[0042] Figure 4 is a simplified structural diagram of the immersion cooling system shown in Figure 1.

[0043] Figure 5 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the immersion cooling method provided in this disclosure;

[0044] Figure 6 is a flowchart of Embodiment 2 of the immersion cooling method provided in this disclosure;

[0045] Figure 7 is a flowchart of Embodiment 3 of the immersion cooling method provided in this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide an immersion cooling system and immersion cooling method that can significantly improve the heat dissipation effect of outdoor edge computing devices and enhance their environmental adaptability.

[0047] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present disclosure, the present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1. The immersion cooling system includes:

[0049] The immersion cooling chamber 1 has a first chamber for filling with coolant, and the first chamber is used to place the equipment 5 to be cooled.

[0050] An internal circulation radiator 10 is located in the first chamber and is used to install on the equipment to be cooled 5 so that the heat of the equipment to be cooled 5 can be transferred to the coolant.

[0051] The external circulation heat exchanger 9 is installed outside the immersion cooling box 1 and is connected to the immersion cooling box 1. The coolant in the first chamber is cooled by the external circulation heat exchanger 9 and then flows back into the first chamber.

[0052] Flow pump 6 is connected to external circulation heat exchanger 9 and is used to regulate the flow rate of external circulation heat exchanger 9;

[0053] A temperature sensing component is installed in the first chamber to obtain the temperature of the coolant;

[0054] The controller, connected to the flow pump 6 and the temperature sensing component, is used to control the flow rate of the flow pump 6 according to the temperature of the coolant.

[0055] Specifically, the immersion cooling enclosure 1 is the core component of the immersion cooling system. It is mainly used to house the dielectric coolant and the equipment to be cooled 5, such as edge servers and other electronic equipment hardware, and to provide a closed cooling environment. That is, the first chamber is a sealed chamber filled with coolant, which can be a dielectric coolant. The equipment to be cooled 5 is completely immersed in the coolant. In order to improve the service life of the immersion cooling enclosure 1, the immersion cooling enclosure 1 is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel and is designed with a sealing structure to prevent coolant from overflowing and to ensure the cooling effect of the coolant on the internal circulation radiator 10 and the equipment to be cooled 5.

[0056] Furthermore, the output / output interfaces, i.e., the I / O interfaces, of the immersion cooling enclosure 1, along with the coolant inlet and outlet, are all selected with highly waterproof and sealing devices. Sealant is applied to the mating points between the devices and the immersion cooling enclosure 1 to fully ensure the sealing of the first chamber inside the immersion cooling enclosure 1. The device to be cooled 5 can be an electronic device, preferably an outdoor electronic device, such as an edge computing device / edge server. The device to be cooled 5 is equipped with processing elements, which generate a large amount of heat. Through the immersion cooling system, continuous and efficient cooling of the device to be cooled 5 can be achieved, ensuring its long-term stable operation.

[0057] The immersion cooling system provided in this disclosure, through the setting of an immersion cooling chamber 1, has a first chamber for coolant inside the immersion cooling chamber 1, and the device to be cooled 5 is placed in the first chamber, which can perform immersion cooling on the device to be cooled 5, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the device to be cooled 5; at the same time, in order to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the device to be cooled 5, an internal circulation radiator 10 is arranged on the device to be cooled 5, and the internal circulation radiator 10 may include a number of fins to increase the heat dissipation efficiency of the device to be cooled 5; furthermore, in order to meet the cooling effect of the coolant, an external circulation heat exchanger 9 is set outside the immersion cooling chamber 1, and the coolant inside the immersion cooling chamber 1 is introduced into the interior of the external circulation heat exchanger 9, and the coolant is cooled by the external circulation heat exchanger 9, thereby further improving the heat dissipation of the coolant.

[0058] Furthermore, by setting up a flow pump 6, which is connected to the external circulation heat exchanger 9, and using a temperature detection component to obtain the temperature of the coolant, the controller determines how to adjust the flow pump 6 based on the coolant temperature obtained by the temperature detection component, thereby achieving precise control of the coolant temperature. For example, when the coolant temperature is too high, the flow rate of the flow pump 6 can be increased to achieve rapid cooling of the equipment 5 to be cooled; when the coolant temperature is too low, the flow rate of the flow pump 6 can be reduced to maintain the temperature of the equipment 5 to be cooled.

[0059] The immersion cooling system provided in this disclosure can cool the coolant inside the immersion cooling chassis 1 through the external circulation heat exchanger 9, and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the device to be cooled 5 through the internal circulation radiator 10. At the same time, the temperature detection component can detect the temperature of the coolant, which allows the controller to control the coolant temperature by controlling the flow pump 6, thereby meeting the temperature control requirements of the device to be cooled 5. This immersion cooling system has high cooling efficiency and, through the combination of internal and external circulation, can adapt to harsh outdoor environments, providing efficient cooling for edge computing devices, such as edge servers, while protecting the stable operation of edge computing devices and meeting the requirements of high protection levels.

[0060] In some implementations, the internal circulation radiator 10 is installed on each main processing unit inside the cooling chassis. It is designed as a standard radiator, and a thermal pad is filled between the processing unit and the internal circulation radiator 10 to reduce thermal resistance. The introduction of the internal circulation radiator 10 increases the heat exchange area between each main processing unit and the coolant. At the same time, the fin structure of the internal circulation radiator 10 can also enhance the turbulence effect, improve the convective heat transfer coefficient inside the immersion cooling chassis 1, and ensure that the heat generated by the edge server can be quickly transferred to the coolant.

[0061] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 and 4, the immersion cooling system may further include:

[0062] An external circulation fan module 11 is located on one side of the external circulation heat exchanger 9. The external circulation fan module 11 is connected to the controller and is used to cool the external circulation heat exchanger 9.

[0063] The controller is also used to control the operation of the external circulation fan module 11 based on the temperature of the coolant.

[0064] Specifically, please refer to Figures 2 and 3. The external circulation fan module 11 mainly transfers coolant to the external circulation heat exchanger 9 by enhancing airflow, and then the heat from the external circulation heat exchanger 9 is further transferred to the external environment. The external circulation fan module 11 can be a DC axial fan with a power supply voltage of 11-13V, or 12V, which is consistent with the power supply voltage of the edge server motherboard. Compared with AC fans, DC fans have greater air pressure and air volume. Its installation position is directly opposite the external circulation heat exchanger 9 and about 10-15mm away from the air inlet of the heat sink. This avoids the problem that if the distance is too large, the airflow will escape from both sides of the external circulation heat exchanger 9, resulting in a smaller air volume entering the external circulation heat exchanger 9. At the same time, it avoids the problem that if the distance is too small, the airflow will resonate with the external circulation fins 9-2 of the external circulation heat exchanger 9, resulting in a large noise problem. At the same time, the airflow direction of the external circulation fan module 11 is controlled to be opposite to the fluid flow direction at the cold plate inlet of the external circulation heat exchanger 9 to form cross convection and enhance heat exchange efficiency.

[0065] In some embodiments, the immersion cooling system may further include:

[0066] The expansion enclosure 17 has a second chamber inside, and the expansion enclosure 17 is fitted together with the immersion cooling enclosure 1.

[0067] Furthermore, the external circulation heat exchanger 9, the flow pump 6, and the external circulation fan module 11 are all installed in the second chamber, and the external circulation heat exchanger 9, the flow pump 6, and the immersion cooling box 1 are all connected by liquid cooling pipes 7.

[0068] Specifically, the expansion enclosure 17 is used to protect the external circulation heat exchanger 9, flow pump 6, and external circulation fan module 11, making it suitable for harsh outdoor environments, dustproof and moisture-proof, modular, and easy to arrange. The expansion enclosure 17 is fitted to the immersion cooling enclosure 1, facilitating the connection between the components inside the expansion enclosure 17 and the components inside the immersion cooling enclosure 1. Furthermore, to ensure protection requirements, a waterproof fan connector 12 is designed and installed at the connection between the immersion cooling enclosure 1 and the expansion enclosure 17. The external circulation fan module 11 communicates with the controller inside the immersion cooling enclosure 1 through the waterproof fan connector 12 to achieve real-time speed adjustment.

[0069] In some embodiments, the flow pump 6 is located between the external circulation heat exchanger 9 and the immersion cooling housing 1, and solenoid valves 8 are provided on both the liquid cooling pipeline 7 between the flow pump 6 and the immersion cooling housing 1 and the liquid cooling pipeline 7 between the external circulation heat exchanger 9 and the immersion cooling housing 1. The controller is connected to the solenoid valve 8 and is used to control the opening or closing of the solenoid valve 8 according to the temperature of the coolant. Specifically, the immersion cooling system also includes a coolant circulation device, which includes the flow pump 6, liquid pipelines, and a valve system. The coolant circulation device is responsible for drawing coolant from the immersion cooling housing 1, passing it through the external circulation heat exchanger 9, and then returning it to the immersion cooling housing 1. The flow pump 6 is the power source of the entire liquid cooling system and is mainly used to drive the coolant to circulate in the system and pump out coolant with specified flow parameters according to the controller. The flow pump 6 can be a high-efficiency, low-noise electromagnetic flow pump 6, which is installed in the expansion housing 17 outside the immersion cooling housing 1. Furthermore, the liquid cooling pipeline 7 is used to transport coolant, and can be made of high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant fluororubber or silicone tubing. The valve system includes solenoid valves 8, which are installed on the liquid cooling pipeline 7 and used to control the opening or closing of the liquid cooling pipeline 7. They are typically installed at various key nodes of the liquid cooling pipeline 7 and are controlled by a controller. Automatic control is achieved through communication signals sent by the controller, making operation convenient.

[0070] In some embodiments, a pump bracket 6-1 is also provided inside the expansion housing 17, and the flow pump 6 is mounted on the pump bracket 6-1; elastic components are provided between the pump bracket 6-1 and the flow pump 6, and between the external circulation heat exchanger 9 and the expansion housing 17. Specifically, to reduce the vibration noise generated by the flow pump 6 during operation, the flow pump 6 is mounted on the pump bracket 6-1 at the bottom of the housing, avoiding direct contact between the flow pump 6 and the inner wall of the expansion housing 17. In addition, elastic components, such as silicone rubber or other damping materials, are filled between the flow pump 6 and the pump bracket 6-1 to effectively reduce the transmission of vibration from the flow pump 6 to the expansion housing 17.

[0071] In some embodiments, a pressure relief valve 15 and a pressure sensor are also included. The pressure relief valve 15 is mounted on the immersion cooling chassis 1, and the pressure sensor is mounted in the first chamber. A controller is connected to the pressure relief valve 15 and the pressure sensor to control the opening or closing of the pressure relief valve 15 based on the pressure in the first chamber obtained by the pressure sensor. Specifically, the valve system includes the pressure relief valve 15, which is mainly used to prevent the internal pressure from exceeding a threshold due to excessively high coolant temperature inside the immersion cooling chassis 1. The pressure sensor on the edge server motherboard obtains the pressure data of the first chamber in real time and communicates with the controller. Once the pressure value of the first chamber approaches the pressure alarm threshold, the controller will control the pressure relief valve 15 to open to reduce the internal pressure of the chassis and ensure safety.

[0072] In some embodiments, the immersion cooling chamber 1 includes a chamber body and a cover plate, which are detachably and sealingly connected. A first chamber is located between the chamber body and the cover plate. A sealing groove is designed between the chamber body and the cover plate to fill a sealing ring. The sealing ring can be a rubber ring or other sealing rings that can achieve a sealing effect. The detachable connection between the chamber body and the cover plate facilitates the maintenance of the equipment to be cooled 5, and also facilitates the replacement of the coolant or the disassembly and maintenance of the sensor, making the operation convenient.

[0073] In some embodiments, an internal heating element is also included. This element is installed on the side of the cover plate near the first chamber. The internal heating element heats the coolant in the first chamber, meeting the requirements for use in extremely cold environments and preventing damage caused by excessively low coolant temperature. A controller is connected to the internal heating element to control its on / off state. The inclusion of the internal heating element expands the applicability of the immersion cooling system to harsher operating environments. To protect edge computing devices, such as edge servers, from normal operation in sub-zero environments, a high-power heating element is designed and attached to the inside of the cover plate of the immersion cooling chassis 1. This heating element communicates with the controller to control the on / off state of the internal heating element in real time. A power rating of 60-80W is preferably selected for the internal heating element to meet the heating requirements of the coolant.

[0074] In some embodiments, an air switch 16 is also included. The air switch 16 is installed in the second chamber of the expansion chassis 17. The air switch 16 is connected to the power module 14 in the first chamber via a power connector 13. The external circulation fan module 11 is connected to the connector on the motherboard of the device to be cooled 5 via a fan connector 12. Specifically, the external power supply is first connected to the air switch 16, and then two branches are split off from the air switch 16, one connecting to the flow pump 6 and the other connecting to the power module 14. The air switch 16 can provide lightning protection and meet the requirements for outdoor use. Furthermore, the expansion chassis 17 and the immersion cooling chassis 1 can be connected by screws or by a slide rail. The expansion chassis 17 and the immersion cooling chassis 1 together constitute a complete chassis. The power connector 13 and the fan connector 12 both pass through the connection between the expansion chassis 17 and the immersion cooling chassis 1, and both the power connector 13 and the fan connector 12 are provided with sealing structures to improve the sealing effect of the immersion cooling chassis 1.

[0075] In some embodiments, a dielectric coolant is selected as the coolant. The dielectric coolant is used to directly absorb the heat generated by the equipment 5 to be cooled and transfer the heat to the external environment through the external circulation heat exchanger 9. The dielectric coolant has the characteristics of high heat capacity and low viscosity, such as synthetic oil or fluorinated liquid. Fluorinated liquid is preferred. These liquids can maintain excellent dielectric properties under high and low temperature conditions and will not corrode or affect the equipment 5 to be cooled, ensuring the long-term safe operation of the equipment 5 in the immersion state.

[0076] In some embodiments, the external circulation heat exchanger 9 includes an external circulation cold plate 9-1 and several external circulation fins 9-2, with each external circulation fin 9-2 arranged in parallel and mounted on the external circulation cold plate 9-1. The external circulation cold plate 9-1 is also provided with several baffles to divide it into several channels connected in series, each channel containing several external circulation fins 9-2. As shown in Figure 3, the baffles create a series-parallel connection within the external circulation heat exchanger 9, thereby significantly enhancing the convective heat transfer of the coolant within the external circulation cold plate 9-1. The airflow direction generated by the external circulation fan module 11 is parallel to the extension direction of the external circulation fins 9-2, ensuring better gas flow over the surface of the external circulation fins 9-2 and improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0077] In some embodiments, the external circulation cooling plate 9-1 is also equipped with an external heating element. A controller is connected to the external heating element to control its on / off state. Specifically, the external heating element can be located on the side of the external circulation cooling plate 9-1 opposite to the external circulation fins 9-2. The controller is connected to the external heating element to control its on / off state. Through the external heating element, when the coolant temperature is too low, both the external circulation heat exchanger 9 and the coolant can be heated simultaneously. After the flow pump is started, the temperature of the external circulation heat exchanger 9 rises, which in turn drives the coolant temperature within the external circulation heat exchanger 9 to rise synchronously, improving efficiency and completing the system's rapid preparation work before startup. In this configuration, the external heating element is used to protect the device 5 being cooled from normal startup in low-temperature environments. It is controlled by the controller. When the temperature sensor on the main board of the device 5 continuously acquires low-temperature parameters, i.e., when the main board temperature of the device 5 is lower than the preset temperature, the controller will control both the internal and external heating elements to turn on simultaneously, improving efficiency.

[0078] Furthermore, the external circulation fins 9-2 are made of high-efficiency thermal conductive materials, such as aluminum or copper. It is particularly important to note that the contact parts between the external circulation heat exchanger 9 and the bottom of the expansion enclosure 17 need to be fitted with elastic components, such as silicone rubber or other shock-absorbing materials, to minimize the transmission of air vibration noise generated by the external circulation fan module 11 and the external circulation heat exchanger 9 to the expansion enclosure 17.

[0079] In some embodiments, to improve heat exchange efficiency, the interior of the immersion cooling chamber 1 is provided with multiple layers of partition plates 2 and several guide plates 3. The arrangement of partition plates 2 and guide plates 3 optimizes the flow path of the coolant, avoids eddies and dead zones, and ensures efficient circulation and uniform distribution of the coolant within the chamber. In particular, at the inlet of the immersion cooling chamber 1, due to the high flow velocity of the coolant, the partition plates 2 are designed to be relatively dense to guide more coolant to flow to both sides of the immersion cooling chamber 1. In the first chamber, according to the flow direction of the coolant, a set of partition plates 2 is arranged upstream and downstream, and a guide plate 3 is designed between the two sets of partition plates 2. Several guide plates 3 form directional cooling areas according to the layout of the equipment 5 to be cooled, such as integrated power supply cooling area, storage module cooling area, and power module 14 cooling area, etc. The design of the partition plates 2 upstream and downstream is completely symmetrical and the structure is the same.

[0080] In some embodiments, the immersion cooling chamber 1 is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and liquid cooling connectors 4 are provided at both the inlet and the outlet. A sealing structure is provided between the liquid cooling connectors 4 and the side wall of the immersion cooling chamber 1. The inlet and the outlet are located on opposite sides of the immersion cooling chamber 1. Several partition plates 2 are provided inside the immersion cooling chamber 1, and each partition plate 2 extends from the side closer to the inlet to the side closer to the outlet.

[0081] In some embodiments, the partition plate 2 has at least two sets, located on the side near the inlet and the side near the outlet, respectively. The device to be cooled 5 is disposed between two adjacent sets of partition plates 2 so that the coolant flows to the location of the device to be cooled after flowing through the partition plate 2, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0082] In some embodiments, in each set of partition plates 2, the width of the partition plate 2 near the inlet or outlet gradually decreases towards the partition plate 2 away from the inlet or outlet; and the spacing between adjacent partition plates 2 near the inlet or outlet gradually increases towards the spacing between adjacent partition plates 2 away from the inlet or outlet. Since the liquid flow rate at the inlet and outlet is relatively large, by widening the width of the partition plate 2 and reducing the spacing between the partition plates 2, the coolant can flow as evenly as possible to each area after entering the first chamber, ensuring that all parts of the equipment 5 to be cooled can be effectively cooled.

[0083] In some implementations, the device to be cooled 5 is an edge server, which is the core computing and storage unit of the system. It adopts standardized interfaces and modular design, which facilitates rapid deployment and maintenance. It can also flexibly configure computing and storage resources according to needs to meet the requirements of different application scenarios. The modular design of the edge server is divided into a storage module, a power module 14, and a processing element module. The processing element module includes a computing module and a network module, and these modules can be freely combined according to specific needs for rapid construction. Furthermore, the immersion cooling chassis 1 is also provided with several guide plates 3, which divide the first chamber into a first region 5-1, a second region 5-2, and a third region 5-3. The power module 14 of the device to be cooled 5 is located in the first region 5-1, the processing element is located in the second region 5-2, and the storage module is located in the third region 5-3. The width between the two guide plates 3 on both sides of the second region 5-2 is higher than the width between other adjacent guide plates 3 to meet the requirements of the processing element having the largest heat generation and the highest heat dissipation demand.

[0084] In some embodiments, the guide plates 3 located on both sides of the second region 5-2 are provided with guide edges, which bend toward the direction close to the second region 5-2 to form a flow convergence zone in the second region 5-2. Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, the guide plates 3 located on both sides of the second region 5-2 are provided with guide edges on both sides, forming a total of four guide edges. The four guide edges form a flow convergence effect, thereby increasing the flow rate of coolant flowing into the second region 5-2. The heat generated by the processing components in the second region 5-2 is large, and the heat dissipation demand is large. The large flow rate of coolant in the second region 5-2 meets the heat dissipation demand of the second region 5-2. Furthermore, the second region 5-2 corresponds to the position of the inlet and / or outlet. Specifically, setting the second region 5-2 in the main flow channel formed from the inlet to the outlet can ensure better fluidity of the liquid in the second region 5-2 and higher heat dissipation effect.

[0085] Specifically, the structural design of the partition plate 2 and the guide plate 3 greatly enhances the turbulence effect of the coolant inside the immersion cooling chamber 1, effectively avoids the occurrence of flow dead zones, and improves heat exchange efficiency. The guide plate 3 enables directional guidance of the coolant: each guide plate 3 precisely guides the coolant to specific areas according to the layout of different regions such as processing elements, storage modules, and power modules 14, forming a directional cooling flow. This directional flow generates more fluid exchange in each cooling area, thereby increasing the turbulence effect of the fluid. It also enables uniform flow distribution: the design of the guide plate 3 allows the coolant to be distributed more evenly to each cooling area, avoiding flow dead zones caused by uneven flow velocity. This uniform distribution further enhances the fluid turbulence inside the entire immersion cooling chamber 1, promoting more efficient heat exchange. Finally, it enables localized directional turbulence: the guide plate 3 not only divides the flow but also forms localized vortices or dispersed flows through the geometric design of the guide edges. These small-scale turbulences increase heat exchange efficiency and further avoid the occurrence of flow dead zones.

[0086] In one specific embodiment, the control system includes a controller and several sensors, constituting the control system of the cooling system. The control system is used to monitor parameters such as the temperature of the processing element in the device to be cooled 5, the external ambient temperature, the coolant temperature, and the pressure in the first chamber in real time. Through data analysis and decision-making, it automatically adjusts the speed of the flow pump 6, the on / off state of the solenoid valve 8 and the pressure relief valve 15, the speed of the external circulation fan module 11, and the operation of the internal and external heating elements in the system to ensure that the device to be cooled 5 can operate stably under various load and environmental conditions. The controller can acquire data signals from each sensor in real time and issue control signals to each component after real-time decision-making. The controller sends control signals and commands. Sensors include temperature, flow, and pressure sensors, used to monitor in real time the temperature parameters of the coolant in the immersion cooling chamber 1 and the processing components in the equipment to be cooled 5, the flow parameters in each liquid cooling pipeline 7, and the pressure parameters of the liquid inside the immersion cooling chamber 1. Sensors can be soldered onto the main board of the equipment to be cooled 5. Flow sensors are installed at various key locations in the liquid pipelines. All sensors communicate with the controller in real time. When the control system detects an abnormality, it triggers an alarm and takes corresponding protective measures, such as reducing the pump speed of the flow pump 6, closing the solenoid valve 8, and opening the pressure relief valve 15, to ensure equipment safety.

[0087] In addition to the aforementioned immersion cooling system, this disclosure also provides an immersion cooling method that can employ the aforementioned immersion cooling system, comprising the following steps:

[0088] Obtain the temperature of the coolant;

[0089] When the temperature of the coolant is less than or equal to the first temperature value, the coolant and / or the external circulation heat exchanger 9 are heated to enter the heating mode.

[0090] When the temperature of the coolant is higher than the first temperature value but less than or equal to the second temperature value, the flow pump 6 is started to enter the natural cooling internal and external circulation mode; and the temperature of the device to be cooled 5 and the coolant are acquired in real time, and the flow rate of the flow pump 6 is controlled according to the temperature of the device to be cooled 5 and the coolant; specifically, since the heat generation of the processing element in the device to be cooled 5 is high, the temperature of the device to be cooled 5 can be obtained by acquiring the temperature of the processing element in the device to be cooled 5.

[0091] The immersion cooling method provided in this disclosure acquires the temperature of the coolant and determines whether to activate the flow pump 6 based on the coolant temperature. When the coolant temperature is less than or equal to a first temperature value, the coolant and / or the external circulation heat exchanger 9 are heated first, thereby ensuring that the coolant temperature is raised to the required temperature before the immersion cooling system is started. This avoids the coolant temperature being too low, which could damage the function of the components in the immersion cooling system. This method is suitable for extremely cold outdoor environments. Simultaneously, when the coolant temperature is higher than the first temperature value but less than or equal to a second temperature value, the flow pump 6 in the immersion cooling system is activated. The temperatures of the equipment to be cooled 5 and the coolant are acquired in real time, and the flow rate of the flow pump 6 is controlled according to these temperatures. At this time, the equipment to be cooled 5 can be subjected to conventional heat dissipation and cooling operations, ensuring the performance stability of the equipment to be cooled 5, thus making it suitable for different external environments.

[0092] In some embodiments, the immersion cooling system further includes an external circulation fan module 11 for cooling the external circulation heat exchanger 9; and also includes:

[0093] After the coolant temperature is higher than the second temperature value and continues for a first preset time, the external circulation fan module 11 and the flow pump 6 are turned on to enter the air-cooled internal and external circulation mode.

[0094] When the temperature of the coolant is less than or equal to the second temperature value and continues for the second preset time, the external circulation fan module 11 is turned off, while the flow pump 6 is kept on, restoring the natural cooling internal and external circulation mode.

[0095] Furthermore, the second preset time is longer than the first preset time to avoid repeated switching between modes.

[0096] Specifically, the first temperature range is -4℃ to -6℃, with -5℃ being an option. Choosing -4℃ to -6℃ is to prevent low-temperature damage. Electronic devices may experience performance degradation or mechanical damage at temperatures below -4℃ to -6℃. By promptly activating the heating mode under extreme low-temperature conditions, the hardware of the device being cooled (5) can be prevented from malfunctioning due to overcooling. Simultaneously, in outdoor environments, temperatures may drop rapidly. Selecting -4℃ to -6℃ as the starting point for heating allows it to begin as soon as the temperature enters the danger zone, thus preventing further temperature drops. The second temperature range is... The temperature range of 29℃ to 31℃, or even 30℃, is chosen because 29℃ to 31℃ is the high-temperature limit for many electronic devices under normal operation. Exceeding this temperature increases the heat dissipation requirements of electronic devices, and the system must activate the air-cooling internal and external circulation mode to enhance heat dissipation and ensure that the device temperature does not continue to rise, thus avoiding performance degradation or damage caused by overheating. At the same time, in many outdoor environments, the efficiency of natural cooling begins to decrease significantly when it approaches 30℃. Choosing 29℃ to 31℃ as the critical point for air cooling activation ensures that when natural cooling cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements, the system can switch to the more efficient air-cooling internal and external circulation mode in a timely manner.

[0097] Furthermore, the first preset time is 1.8-2.2 minutes. This range is chosen to balance the following factors:

[0098] 1. System Response Stability: A delay of 1.8-2.2 minutes prevents the system from overreacting to short-term temperature fluctuations. Temperature sensors can be affected by instantaneous fluctuations, such as environmental interference or sudden load changes. If the delay is too short, the system may frequently switch heating element states, leading to unstable operation. A delay of 1.8-2.2 minutes provides a sufficient time window, allowing the system to make judgments based on more sustained temperature changes, thus ensuring system stability.

[0099] 2. Temperature Control Accuracy: Both excessively long and short delay times will affect temperature control accuracy. If the delay time is too long, such as exceeding 4 minutes, the system may only take action after the temperature change has already exceeded the ideal range, resulting in lag in temperature regulation and affecting equipment performance. If the delay time is too short, such as less than 1 minute, the system will frequently start and stop the internal and external heating elements, which may lead to excessive temperature fluctuations, affecting heating effect and system stability.

[0100] The second preset time is selected as 4.5-5.5 minutes for the following reasons:

[0101] 1. Stability and noise immunity: Choosing a delay time of 4.5-5.5 minutes helps filter out short-term temperature fluctuations or noise signals. The system usually experiences instantaneous temperature changes, which may be caused by brief changes in environmental conditions, occasional heat dissipation inside the equipment, or other external factors; choosing a time of 4.5-5.5 minutes is long enough to avoid unnecessary mode switching caused by these brief fluctuations.

[0102] 2. Response speed and system adaptability: In some applications, an overly fast response may lead to frequent mode switching, which can burden the system, increase power consumption, or accelerate device wear; a delay time of 4.5-5.5 minutes allows the system to react to continuous temperature changes without frequently switching due to short-term temperature fluctuations.

[0103] Example 1

[0104] This immersion cooling method, as shown in Figure 5, includes the following steps:

[0105] Step S101: Obtain the temperature of the coolant;

[0106] Step S102: When the temperature of the coolant is less than or equal to the first temperature value, the coolant and / or the external circulation heat exchanger 9 are heated to enter the heating mode;

[0107] Step S103: When the temperature of the coolant is higher than the first temperature value and less than or equal to the second temperature value, start the flow pump 6 to enter the natural cooling internal and external circulation mode; and obtain the temperature of the equipment to be cooled 5 and the coolant in real time, and control the flow rate of the flow pump 6 according to the temperature of the equipment to be cooled 5 and the coolant.

[0108] Example 2

[0109] This immersion cooling method, as shown in Figure 6, includes the following steps:

[0110] Step S201: Obtain the temperature of the coolant;

[0111] Step S202: When the temperature of the coolant is less than or equal to the first temperature value, the coolant and / or the external circulation heat exchanger 9 are heated to enter the heating mode;

[0112] Step S203: When the temperature of the coolant is higher than the first temperature value and less than or equal to the second temperature value, start the flow pump 6 to enter the natural cooling internal and external circulation mode; and obtain the temperature of the equipment to be cooled 5 and the coolant in real time, and control the flow rate of the flow pump 6 according to the temperature of the equipment to be cooled 5 and the coolant.

[0113] Step S204: After the temperature of the coolant is higher than the second temperature value and continues for a first preset time, control the external circulation fan module 11 and the flow pump 6 to turn on, and enter the air-cooled internal and external circulation mode.

[0114] Step S205: When the temperature of the coolant is less than or equal to the second temperature value and continues for a second preset time, control the external circulation fan module 11 to turn off and keep the flow pump 6 on to restore the natural cooling internal and external circulation mode; and the second preset time is higher than the first preset time to avoid repeated switching between modes.

[0115] Example 3

[0116] This immersion cooling method, as shown in Figure 7, includes the following steps:

[0117] Step S301: Obtain the temperature of the coolant;

[0118] Step S302: Determine whether the temperature of the coolant is higher than the first temperature value. If yes, proceed to step S305; otherwise, proceed to step S303.

[0119] Step S303: Heat the coolant and / or the external circulation heat exchanger 9 to enter the heating mode;

[0120] Step S304: Determine whether the temperature of the coolant is higher than the first temperature value and continues for a first preset time. If yes, proceed to step S305; otherwise, return to step S303.

[0121] Step S305: Determine whether the temperature of the coolant is higher than the second temperature value. If yes, proceed to step S308; otherwise, proceed to step S306.

[0122] Step S306: Real-time acquisition of the temperature of the device to be cooled 5 and the coolant, as well as the pressure of the first chamber, and control the flow rate of the flow pump 6 and the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 8 according to the temperature of the device to be cooled 5 and the coolant, and control the opening and closing of the pressure relief valve 15 according to the pressure of the first chamber, and enter the natural cooling internal and external circulation mode.

[0123] Step S307: Determine whether the temperature of the coolant is higher than the second temperature value and continues for a first preset time. If yes, proceed to step S308; otherwise, return to step S306.

[0124] Step S308: Turn on the external circulation fan module 11 and flow pump 6, and control the wind speed of the external circulation fan module 11 and the flow rate of the flow pump 6 according to the temperature of the equipment to be cooled 5 and the coolant, and enter the air-cooled internal and external circulation mode.

[0125] Step S309: Determine whether the temperature of the coolant is less than or equal to the second temperature value and lasts for a second preset time. If yes, proceed to step S306; otherwise, return to step S308.

[0126] Specifically, when the device to be cooled 5 is powered on, the control system starts working first and controls the device to be cooled 5 to temporarily not start working. At this time, the control system obtains the temperature of the coolant inside the immersion cooling box 1 and makes a judgment. If the temperature value of the coolant inside the immersion cooling box 1 is less than or equal to the first temperature value, the control system will send a signal command to the heating element module, namely the inner heating element and the outer heating element, to control it to start heating. At the same time, it controls the flow pump 6 and all solenoid valves 8 in the coolant pipeline to close, and constantly judges the temperature of the coolant inside the immersion cooling box 1. When the control system detects that the temperature of the coolant inside the immersion cooling box 1 is higher than the first temperature value and continues for a first preset time, the system will control the heating element to stop working and trigger the device to be cooled 5 to start and enter the operating system. The above workflow is the heating mode of the control system.

[0127] After the cooling device 5 is powered on and enters the operating system, the control system will control the flow pump 6 and the solenoid valve 8 in the coolant pipeline to open, and the natural cooling internal and external circulation mode will be activated. It will also monitor the temperature of the coolant in the immersion cooling box 1 and the real-time temperature parameters of each processing component on the motherboard at all times. At the same time, it will switch different working modes according to the real-time temperature parameter values. It is important to note that once the system enters the operating system, the heating mode will no longer be triggered.

[0128] If, after the device to be cooled 5 is powered on, the control system detects that the temperature of the coolant inside the immersion cooling chamber 1 is higher than the first temperature value but less than or equal to the second temperature value, the control system will directly control the device to be cooled 5 to start up and enter the operating system. At the same time, it will control the flow pump 6 and the solenoid valve 8 in the coolant pipeline to open, entering the natural cooling internal and external circulation mode. At this time, the heat generated by the device to be cooled 5 during operation is quickly transferred to the coolant through the internal circulation radiator 10. The flow pump 6 draws the coolant after absorbing heat from the cooling immersion chamber and sends it to the external circulation heat exchanger 9 for cooling. The external circulation heat exchanger 9 carries away the heat in the coolant through natural convection, lowering the coolant temperature. At this time, the external circulation fan module 11 does not work. The cooled coolant returns to the cooling immersion chamber through the coolant pipeline to continue circulating and dissipating heat. The above workflow is the natural cooling internal and external circulation mode of the control system. During this process, temperature sensors monitor the temperature data of each processing element and the coolant in the device to be cooled 5 in real time and transmit the data to the control system. The control system automatically adjusts the flow rate of the flow pump 6 based on the temperature data to ensure that the device to be cooled 5 operates within the optimal temperature range. When the temperature of the coolant inside the immersion cooling chamber 1 exceeds a second temperature value, the control system will trigger the external circulation fan module 11 to start working, thereby activating the air-cooled internal and external circulation mode. In the above process, the control system will also monitor the real-time pressure in the liquid cooling pipeline 7 and the immersion cooling chamber. If the pressure exceeds a specified threshold, the system will trigger an alarm and open the pressure relief valve 15 to relieve pressure, ensuring system safety.

[0129] If, after the device to be cooled 5 is powered on, the control system detects that the temperature of the coolant inside the immersion cooling chamber 1 is higher than the second temperature value, the control system will control the device to be cooled 5 to start up and enter the operating system. At the same time, it will control the flow pump 6, solenoid valve 8, and external circulation fan module 11 to all start. At this time, the external circulation heat exchanger 9 removes heat from the coolant through forced convection, thereby lowering the coolant temperature. Meanwhile, the temperature sensor monitors the temperature data of each processing element and the coolant in the device to be cooled 5 in real time and transmits the data to the control system. The control system automatically adjusts the flow rate of the flow pump 6 and the speed of the external circulation fan module 11 according to the temperature data to ensure that the device to be cooled 5 operates within the optimal temperature range. The above workflow is the air-cooled internal and external circulation mode of the control system.

[0130] In addition, to prevent fluctuations in the coolant temperature inside the immersion cooling chassis 1 from causing repeated switching between the three operating modes, the control system also sets the following judgment logic: If the system is already in heating mode, it must detect that the coolant temperature inside the immersion cooling chassis 1 is higher than the first temperature value for a period of time that is continuously higher than the first preset time before switching to the natural cooling internal and external circulation mode. After switching to the natural cooling internal and external circulation mode, the heating mode will not be triggered again regardless of how the coolant temperature inside the immersion cooling chassis 1 changes. If the system is already in the natural cooling internal and external circulation mode, it must detect that the coolant temperature inside the immersion cooling chassis 1 is higher than the second temperature value for a period of time that is continuously higher than the first preset time before switching to the air cooling internal and external circulation mode. If the system is already in the air cooling internal and external circulation mode, it must detect that the coolant temperature inside the immersion cooling chassis 1 is less than or equal to the second temperature value for a period of time that is continuously lower than the second preset time before switching to the natural cooling internal and external circulation mode.

[0131] This immersion cooling system and method significantly improves the operational stability and heat dissipation efficiency of outdoor edge servers through intelligent control and multi-mode switching. In environments with temperatures below or equal to a first temperature value, the system activates a heating mode to rapidly raise the temperature and prevent low-temperature damage. Between the first and second temperature values, the system employs a natural cooling internal and external circulation mode, efficiently dissipating heat through the internal circulation radiator 10, external circulation heat exchanger 9, and flow pump 6, reducing energy consumption. When the temperature exceeds the second temperature value, the air-cooled internal and external circulation mode is activated, utilizing the external circulation fan module 11 to enhance heat dissipation. The control system automatically adjusts the speed of the flow pump 6 and the external circulation fan module 11 by monitoring temperature and pressure in real time, ensuring that the device to be cooled 5 always operates within the optimal temperature range. The reasonable temperature judgment logic prevents frequent switching of operating modes, improving the system's reliability and stability, and providing an efficient and reliable cooling solution for the device to be cooled 5 in outdoor environments; it significantly improves the operational efficiency and reliability of the device to be cooled 5 in harsh outdoor environments, and has significant application value.

[0132] The immersion cooling system and immersion cooling method provided in this disclosure have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this disclosure. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this disclosure. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this disclosure without departing from the principles of this disclosure, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0133] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Immersion cooling enclosure; 2-Separator plate; 3-Baffle plate; 4-Liquid cooling connector; 5-Equipment to be cooled; 5-1-First zone; 5-2-Second zone; 5-3-Third zone; 6-Flow pump; 6-1-Pump bracket; 7-Liquid cooling piping; 8-Solenoid valve; 9-External circulation heat exchanger; 9-1-External circulation cold plate; 9-2-External circulation fins; 10-Internal circulation radiator; 11-External circulation fan module; 12-Fan connector; 13-Power connector; 14-Power module; 15-Pressure relief valve; 16-Air switch; 17-Expansion enclosure.

Claims

1. An immersion cooling system, characterized in that, include: The immersion cooling box (1) has a first chamber filled with coolant, and the first chamber is used to place the equipment to be cooled (5); An internal circulation radiator (10) is located in the first chamber and is used to install on the device to be cooled (5) so that the heat of the device to be cooled (5) can be transferred to the coolant. An external circulation heat exchanger (9) is installed outside the immersion cooling box (1) and communicates with the immersion cooling box (1). The coolant in the first chamber is cooled by the external circulation heat exchanger (9) and then flows back into the first chamber. A flow pump (6) is connected to the external circulation heat exchanger (9) and is used to adjust the flow rate of the external circulation heat exchanger (9); A temperature detection component is installed in the first chamber to obtain the temperature of the coolant; A controller, connected to the flow pump (6) and the temperature detection component, is used to control the flow rate of the flow pump (6) according to the temperature of the coolant.

2. The immersion cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An external circulation fan module (11) is disposed on one side of the external circulation heat exchanger (9). The external circulation fan module (11) is connected to the controller and is used to cool the external circulation heat exchanger (9). The controller is also used to control the operation of the external circulation fan module (11) according to the temperature of the coolant.

3. The immersion cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The external circulation fan module (11) is a DC axial flow fan.

4. The immersion cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The external circulation fan module (11) is arranged to face the external circulation heat exchanger (9) and is about 10 to 15 mm away from the air inlet of the external circulation heat exchanger (9).

5. The immersion cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: An expansion chassis (17) is provided with a second chamber inside, and the expansion chassis (17) is fitted together with the immersion cooling chassis (1); Furthermore, the external circulation heat exchanger (9), the flow pump (6), and the external circulation fan module (11) are all installed in the second chamber, and the external circulation heat exchanger (9), the flow pump (6), and the immersion cooling box (1) are all connected by liquid cooling pipes (7).

6. The immersion cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that, A waterproof fan connector (12) is provided at the connection between the immersion cooling chamber (1) and the expansion chamber (17). The external circulation fan module (11) communicates with the controller inside the immersion cooling chamber (1) through the waterproof fan connector (12) to achieve real-time speed adjustment.

7. The immersion cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The flow pump (6) is located between the external circulation heat exchanger (9) and the immersion cooling box (1), and solenoid valves (8) are provided on the liquid cooling pipe (7) between the flow pump (6) and the immersion cooling box (1) and on the liquid cooling pipe (7) between the external circulation heat exchanger (9) and the immersion cooling box (1); the controller is connected to the solenoid valve (8) and is used to control the opening or closing of the solenoid valve (8) according to the temperature of the coolant.

8. The immersion cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The expansion housing (17) is also provided with a pump bracket (6-1), and the flow pump (6) is installed on the pump bracket (6-1); elastic components are provided between the pump bracket (6-1) and the flow pump (6), and between the external circulation heat exchanger (9) and the expansion housing (17).

9. The immersion cooling system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The liquid cooling pipeline (7) is a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant fluororubber or silicone tube.

10. The immersion cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a pressure relief valve (15) and a pressure sensor. The pressure relief valve (15) is installed on the immersion cooling chamber (1), and the pressure sensor is installed in the first chamber. The controller is connected to the pressure relief valve (15) and the pressure sensor and is used to control the opening or closing of the pressure relief valve (15) according to the pressure of the first chamber obtained by the pressure sensor.

11. The immersion cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The immersion cooling chamber (1) includes a chamber body and a cover plate, the chamber body and the cover plate are detachably and sealed together, and the first chamber is located between the chamber body and the cover plate; It also includes an internal heating element, which is installed on the side of the cover plate near the first chamber; the controller is connected to the internal heating element to control the internal heating element to turn on or off.

12. The immersion cooling system according to claim 11, characterized in that, A sealing groove is designed between the box body and the cover plate, and a sealing ring is filled in the sealing groove.

13. The immersion cooling system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The external circulation heat exchanger (9) includes an external circulation cold plate (9-1) and a plurality of external circulation fins (9-2). The external circulation fins (9-2) are arranged in parallel and installed on the external circulation cold plate (9-1). The external circulation cold plate (9-1) is also provided with a plurality of baffles for dividing the external circulation cold plate (9-1) into a plurality of channels connected in series. A plurality of external circulation fins (9-2) are arranged in each of the channels.

14. The immersion cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The immersion cooling chamber (1) is provided with an inlet and an outlet, the inlet and the outlet being located on opposite sides of the immersion cooling chamber (1); the immersion cooling chamber (1) is provided with a number of partition plates (2), each of the partition plates (2) extending from the side closer to the inlet to the side closer to the outlet.

15. The immersion cooling system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The partition plate (2) has at least two sets, located on the side closer to the inlet and the side closer to the outlet, respectively. The device to be cooled (5) is disposed between two adjacent sets of the partition plates (2) so that the coolant flows to the location of the device to be cooled (5) after flowing through the partition plate (2).

16. The immersion cooling system according to claim 15, characterized in that, In each group of partition plates (2), the width of the partition plate (2) near the inlet or the outlet gradually decreases towards the partition plate (2) away from the inlet or the outlet; and the spacing between adjacent partition plates (2) near the inlet or the outlet gradually increases towards the spacing between adjacent partition plates (2) away from the inlet or the outlet.

17. The immersion cooling system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The immersion cooling chamber (1) is further provided with several guide plates (3), each of which divides the first chamber into a first region (5-1), a second region (5-2), and a third region (5-3); the power module (14) of the device to be cooled (5) is located in the first region (5-1), the processing element is located in the second region (5-2), and the storage module is located in the third region (5-3); and the width between the guide plates (3) on both sides of the second region (5-2) is higher than the width between other adjacent guide plates (3).

18. The immersion cooling system according to claim 17, characterized in that, The guide plates (3) located on both sides of the second region (5-2) are provided with guide edges, which are bent toward the direction of the second region (5-2) to form a flow convergence zone in the second region (5-2); and the second region (5-2) corresponds to the position of the inlet and / or the outlet.

19. An immersion cooling method, employing the immersion cooling system as described in any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that, include: Obtain the temperature of the coolant; When the temperature of the coolant is less than or equal to a first temperature value, the coolant and / or the external circulation heat exchanger (9) are heated; When the temperature of the coolant is higher than the first temperature value and less than or equal to the second temperature value, the flow pump (6) is started; the temperature of the device to be cooled (5) and the coolant is acquired in real time, and the flow rate of the flow pump (6) is controlled according to the temperature of the device to be cooled (5) and the coolant.

20. The immersion cooling method according to claim 19, wherein the immersion cooling system further comprises an external circulation fan module (11), the external circulation fan module (11) being used to cool the external circulation heat exchanger (9); characterized in that, The immersion cooling method further includes: After the temperature of the coolant is higher than the second temperature value and remains higher for a first preset time, the external circulation fan module (11) and the flow pump (6) are turned on. When the temperature of the coolant is less than or equal to the second temperature value and continues for a second preset time, the external circulation fan module (11) is controlled to shut down, while the flow pump (6) remains on. Furthermore, the second preset time is longer than the first preset time.

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