Electrical resistance unit for a vehicle and cooling circuit system, vehicle and method

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical resistance unit (50, 50´) for a vehicle, comprising: at least one first electrical resistor (51) having at least one electrical resistor element (51A), at least one first fluid channel (51D) which is heat-transmittingly connected to the at least one electrical resistor element (51A) of the first electrical resistor (51), at least one second electrical resistor (52) having at least one electrical resistor element (52A), and at least one second fluid channel (52D) which is heat-transmittingly connected to the at least one electrical resistor element (52A) of the second electrical resistor (52).

Description

[0001] 2024PF00255 September 2, 2024

[0002] 1

[0003] DESCRIPTION

[0004] Electrical resistance unit for a vehicle as well as cooling circuit system, vehicle and procedure

[0005] The present invention relates to an electrical resistance unit for a vehicle, a cooling circuit system for a vehicle with such an electrical resistance unit, a vehicle with such an electrical resistance unit and / or a corresponding cooling circuit system, and a method for operating a corresponding cooling circuit system.

[0006] Electrical resistors can be used in vehicles to convert electrical energy into heat, which can then be used to heat a fluid medium in a cooling circuit or at least dissipated by a fluid medium. For example, in electric or hybrid vehicles, an electrical resistor can be used as a so-called braking resistor. This resistor converts excess electrical energy during regenerative braking, at least partially, into heat that is then fed into a cooling circuit. However, the controllability of the heat introduced into the cooling circuit via the electrical resistor is limited. Furthermore, a vehicle typically has several cooling circuits, each designed for a specific temperature range.Adjusting the temperature caused by the electrical resistance in the respective cooling circuit is possible via appropriately powerful radiators, but this has a negative impact on the required installation space and costs.

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a means of adapting resistance-induced heat dissipation to at least one cooling circuit.

[0008] The problem is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous further developments are the subject matter of the dependent claims. 2024PF00255

[0009] 2

[0010] According to the invention, an electrical resistance unit for a vehicle comprises at least a first electrical resistor with at least one electrical resistance element and at least a first fluid channel which is in heat-transferring communication with the at least one electrical resistance element of the first electrical resistor. Furthermore, the electrical resistance unit comprises at least a second electrical resistor with at least one electrical resistance element and at least a second fluid channel which is in heat-transferring communication with the at least one electrical resistance element of the second electrical resistor.

[0011] Accordingly, the electrical resistance unit comprises at least two electrical resistors, each of which is in heat-transferring contact with a separate fluid channel. The heat-transferring connection can be configured such that the respective fluid channel flows through the respective electrical resistor at least partially and / or flows along the respective electrical resistor at least partially.

[0012] The first fluid channel can then be connected to a first cooling circuit, which will be described later, or form part of the first cooling circuit. Similarly, the second fluid channel can be connected to a second cooling circuit, which will also be described later, or form part of the second cooling circuit. Alternatively or additionally, the first and / or second fluid channel can also be connected to the first and second cooling circuits.

[0013] In one embodiment, a larger quantity of heat can be exchanged with a fluid flowing in the first fluid channel through the at least one first electrical resistance than through the at least one second electrical resistance with a fluid flowing in the second fluid channel.

[0014] For example, the first electrical resistor is configured such that, for the same amount of electrical energy flow, more heat is generated through the first electrical resistor than through the second electrical resistor. Accordingly, 2024PF00255

[0015] 3. The material and / or geometry of the first electrical resistor or a corresponding resistive element of the first electrical resistor may differ from the material and / or geometry of the second electrical resistor or a corresponding resistive element of the second electrical resistor. Furthermore, the number of resistive elements comprising the first electrical resistor may be higher than the number of resistive elements comprising the second electrical resistor. In summary, the first electrical resistor may exhibit a higher heat dissipation capacity than the second electrical resistor.

[0016] In terms of the different heat exchange performance between the first electrical resistance and the first fluid channel, as well as between the second electrical resistance and the second fluid channel, the electrical resistance unit can also be referred to as an asymmetric electrical resistance unit or as an electrical resistance unit with asymmetric electrical resistances.

[0017] In one embodiment, the first electrical resistance has a higher area fraction than the second electrical resistance and / or the flow path of the fluid through the first fluid channel in heat-transferring connection with the at least one electrical resistance element of the first electrical resistance is longer than the flow path of the fluid through the second fluid channel in heat-transferring connection with the at least one electrical resistance element of the second electrical resistance.

[0018] Therefore, as an alternative or supplement to selecting a specific material and / or geometry, a higher heat transfer rate from the first electrical resistor to the first fluid channel can also be achieved by increasing the direct heat transfer area between the first electrical resistor and the first fluid channel. For example, the first fluid channel can traverse the first electrical resistor in a meandering pattern, while the second fluid channel traverses the second electrical resistor in a straight line. 2024PF00255

[0019] 4

[0020] In one embodiment, the electrical resistance unit is configured to form a heat exchanger between the first electrical resistance and the second fluid channel and / or the second electrical resistance and the first fluid channel, or has such a heat exchanger.

[0021] Thus, the temperature of the first electrical resistance can influence not only the temperature of a fluid flowing in the first fluid channel, but also in the second fluid channel.

[0022] The first and / or second electrical resistor can therefore be located in sufficient proximity to the first and second fluid channels to enable heat exchange. Alternatively or additionally, the heat exchange can also be achieved by arranging the first and second fluid channels in sufficient proximity to each other.

[0023] Alternatively or additionally, a separate heat exchanger can be provided, which may, for example, have another heat transfer medium between the first and second fluid channels.

[0024] In one embodiment, the first electrical resistor and / or the first fluid channel is thermally isolated or thermally insulated from the second electrical resistor and / or the second fluid channel.

[0025] The aforementioned thermal insulation prevents or at least reduces to a negligible minimum any heat exchange function that could directly or indirectly affect the second fluid channel starting from the first electrical resistance and / or directly or indirectly affect the first fluid channel starting from the second electrical resistance.

[0026] To allow for optional thermal insulation, only thermal insulation can be provided. For example, the first and second fluid channels can be parallel to each other, at least partially, at a predetermined distance that still allows heat transfer, with a gap between 2024PF00255

[0027] 5. A hydraulic or pneumatic separation channel is provided between the first and second fluid channels, which prevents heat transfer from the first fluid channel to the second fluid channel and vice versa when the flow velocity of a fluid passing through the separation channel is appropriate.

[0028] In one embodiment, the electrical resistance unit has a switching unit with at least one switching element, via which the first electrical resistance and / or the second electrical resistance can be connected to an electrical energy source, or a connection for a switching unit.

[0029] The first and / or the second electrical resistor can thus be selectively connected via the switching unit to the electrical energy source, which can generate heat through the respective electrical resistor connected to it. Accordingly, for example, in cases where only the first fluid channel is intended for heat absorption, only the first electrical resistor can be connected to the electrical energy source, while the connection between the electrical energy source and the second electrical resistor is disconnected. Similarly, in cases where only the second fluid channel is intended for heat absorption, only the second electrical resistor can be connected to the electrical energy source, while the connection between the electrical energy source and the first electrical resistor is disconnected.In cases where both the first and second fluid channels are intended for heat absorption, both the first and second electrical resistors are connected to the electrical power source. If either the first or the second fluid channel is always intended for heat absorption, and the other fluid channel is only intended for optional heat absorption, then only the electrical resistor assigned to the fluid channel for optional heat absorption can be switchable. For example, if the optional heat absorption applies to the second fluid channel, the second electrical resistor is switchable, and the first electrical resistor is permanently connected to the electrical power source. 2024PF00255.

[0030] 6

[0031] An electrical energy source can be, for example, an electric motor of an electric vehicle or hybrid vehicle, which generates electrical energy in recuperation mode, which is converted at least partially into heat via the electrical resistance unit as an electrical braking resistor, optionally via the first and / or second electrical resistance, and is accordingly transferred to a fluid in the first and / or second fluid channel.

[0032] In one embodiment, the electrical resistance unit has a control device for controlling the switching unit or a connection for a control device for controlling the switching unit.

[0033] In particular, the control device can also be part of the switching unit in order to control individual switching elements of the switching unit. Alternatively or additionally, the electrical resistance unit can also have a signal interface for receiving corresponding control signals from a higher-level control device. The control device of the electrical resistance unit and / or the higher-level control device can derive corresponding control signals for the switching unit, for example, from an input command, an operating state, and / or sensor signals.

[0034] In another aspect, the present invention relates to a cooling circuit system for a vehicle. The cooling circuit system comprises at least a first cooling circuit, at least a second cooling circuit, and at least one previously described electrical resistance unit. The first fluid channel forms part of the first cooling circuit, and the second fluid channel forms part of the second cooling circuit.

[0035] The electrical resistance unit can thus transfer heat from the first electrical resistance unit to a fluid in the first cooling circuit that flows through the first fluid channel. Similarly, the electrical resistance unit can transfer heat from the second electrical resistance unit to a fluid in the second cooling circuit that flows through the second fluid channel. 2024PF00255

[0036] 7

[0037] According to the above description, the electrical resistance unit can be configured such that the amount of heat transferable from the first electrical resistance to the first fluid channel differs from, and in particular is higher than, the amount of heat transferable from the second electrical resistance to the second fluid channel. Furthermore, the first and / or the second electrical resistance can be switchable for heat generation and corresponding heat transfer in order to selectively influence the first and / or second cooling circuit.

[0038] In principle, a cooling circuit can include a radiator, a fluid pump, a heat exchanger and / or an object to be cooled, in addition to the respective fluid channel.

[0039] In one embodiment, the first cooling circuit forms a cooling circuit for medium temperatures, preferably in a temperature range of 60 °C to 80 °C, in particular a drive cooling circuit and / or a fuel cell cooling circuit.

[0040] For example, if an electrical resistance unit exists in which the first electrical resistor, when connected to an electrical energy source, can transfer more heat to the first fluid channel than the second electrical resistor to the second fluid channel, then the first fluid channel is preferably part of a first cooling circuit designed for medium temperatures and thus capable of tolerating a higher heat absorption. For instance, an increased fluid temperature due to heat input via the first electrical resistor can still remain within the intended temperature range of the first cooling circuit or be reduced again by a radiator located within the first cooling circuit.

[0041] A mean temperature for cooling circuits in vehicle applications is preferably between 60 °C and 80 °C, particularly preferably between approximately 65 °C and 75 °C. This applies in particular to a drive cooling circuit, which can be used to cool, for example, a power steering pump, an inverter, and / or an electric axle drive, and / or also a fuel cell cooling circuit. 2024PF00255

[0042] 8

[0043] In one embodiment, the second cooling circuit forms a cooling circuit for low temperatures, preferably in a temperature range of 15 °C to 45 °C, in particular a battery cooling circuit.

[0044] For example, if an electrical resistance unit is present in which the second electrical resistance, when connected to an electrical energy source, can transfer less heat to the second fluid channel than the first electrical resistance to the first fluid channel, then the second fluid channel is preferably part of a second cooling circuit designed for lower temperatures and therefore, in principle, able to tolerate only a lower heat absorption. For example, an increased temperature of the fluid due to heat input via the second electrical resistance can still remain within the intended temperature range of the second cooling circuit or be reduced again by a radiator arranged in the second cooling circuit.

[0045] A lower temperature for cooling circuits in vehicle applications is preferably between 15 °C and 45 °C, particularly preferably between about 20 °C and 40 °C. This applies in particular to a battery cooling circuit, for example, by which a battery can be cooled.

[0046] In one embodiment, the cooling circuit system has at least a third cooling circuit, in particular an HVAC cooling circuit, which is in thermal contact with the second cooling circuit via a cooling circuit heat exchanger.

[0047] The cooling circuit system can therefore be expanded by at least one third cooling circuit, which is thermally connected to the second cooling circuit via at least one heat exchanger. Alternatively or additionally, the third or a fourth cooling circuit can be thermally connected to the first cooling circuit via the heat exchanger or another heat exchanger. 2024PF00255

[0048] 9

[0049] In one embodiment, the electrical resistance unit forms an electrical braking resistor.

[0050] The electrical energy generated during recuperation can thus be converted into heat via the electrical resistance unit, acting as an electrical braking resistor, and distributed to the first and second cooling circuits. Preferably, the heat input via the switching unit described above can be selectively distributed: through the first electrical resistor into the first cooling circuit, through the second resistor into the second cooling circuit, or through both the first electrical resistor into the first cooling circuit and the second resistor into the second cooling circuit.

[0051] The features described above for the cooling circuit system are equally applicable to the cooling circuit system. Likewise, features described for the cooling circuit system relating to the electrical resistance unit are transferable to the electrical resistance unit, provided they have not already been described therein.

[0052] In another aspect, the present invention relates to a vehicle with at least one previously described electrical resistance unit and / or a previously described cooling circuit system.

[0053] The vehicle is particularly suitable for electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles, where the electrical resistance unit preferably forms an electrical braking resistance.

[0054] The vehicle-specific features described above for the electrical resistance unit and / or cooling system are equally applicable to the vehicle. Likewise, features described for the electrical resistance unit and / or cooling system relating to the vehicle are transferable to the electrical resistance unit and / or cooling system, provided they have not already been described therein. 2024PF00255

[0055] 10

[0056] In another aspect, the present invention relates to a method for operating a previously described cooling circuit system for a previously described vehicle, comprising the steps of:

[0057] Determining the operating state of a vehicle component to be cooled via the cooling circuit system and

[0058] Connecting the first electrical resistor and / or the second electrical resistor to an electrical energy source.

[0059] The operating status of a vehicle component cooled via the cooling circuit can include, in particular, information about whether the component requires cooling or whether the cooling circuit associated with the vehicle component can still absorb heat. The amount of heat that the respective cooling circuit can still absorb can also be influenced by a radiator located within the cooling circuit.

[0060] The connection of the first electrical resistor to the electrical energy source occurs, for example, when the first cooling circuit or the vehicle component located therein has an operating state that can absorb the heat input via the first electrical resistor.

[0061] The operating state of the vehicle component to be cooled can also be derived from an operating state of the vehicle, which is assumed to correspond to an operating state of the vehicle component to be cooled.

[0062] Alternatively or additionally to determining the operating state of a vehicle component to be cooled, a control device can also be configured to connect the first and / or second electrical resistor to the electrical energy source depending on a total amount of heat that can be dissipated via the electrical resistance unit.

[0063] In one embodiment, the first cooling circuit is a previously described one.

[0064] The drive cooling circuit and the second cooling circuit are a previously described circuit.

[0065] Battery cooling circuit, wherein in an operating state in which the first cooling circuit 2024PF00255

[0066] 11

[0067] If the first electrical resistor can absorb heat, it is connected to the electrical power source. Alternatively or additionally, in an operating state where the second cooling circuit can absorb heat, the second electrical resistor is connected to the electrical power source. Again, alternatively or additionally, in an operating state where continuous braking is performed and the electrical resistance unit functions as the previously described electrical braking resistor, both the first and second electrical resistors are connected to the electrical power source.

[0068] Features described in the description of the electrical resistance unit, the cooling circuit system, and / or the vehicle are directly or indirectly applicable to the process as process features. Likewise, features described for the process are directly or indirectly transferable as structural features to the electrical resistance unit, the cooling circuit system, and / or the vehicle, provided they have not already been described for these purposes.

[0069] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0070] In detail, it shows

[0071] Fig. 1 shows a cooling circuit system according to a first exemplary embodiment;

[0072] Fig. 2 shows an electrical resistance unit according to an exemplary embodiment; and

[0073] Fig. 3 shows a cooling circuit system according to a second exemplary embodiment.

[0074] Fig. 1 shows a cooling circuit system 100 according to a first exemplary embodiment. The cooling circuit system 100 consists of a first cooling circuit 10, a second cooling circuit 20, and a third cooling circuit 30, as well as an electrical resistance unit 50. 2024PF00255

[0075] 12

[0076] The first cooling circuit 10 comprises a radiator 11 and a fluid pump 12 located downstream of the radiator 11 in the direction of flow of the fluid in the first cooling circuit 10. The fluid pump 12 supplies the fluid to, for example, a steering pump 13A, an inverter 13B, and an electric axle drive 13C, as examples of vehicle components requiring cooling. The fluid then rejoins the radiators and passes through a valve unit and the electrical resistance unit 50, as will be described below, before returning to the radiator 11. The first cooling circuit 10 thus forms a drive cooling circuit with average temperatures of 65 °C to 75 °C.

[0077] The second cooling circuit 20 is a battery cooling circuit with lower temperatures of 20 °C to 40 °C. The fluid circulating in the second cooling circuit 20 is supplied by a fluid pump 22 in the direction of flow to a downstream battery 23, the vehicle component to be cooled, and to a radiator 21 connected in parallel to the battery 23. The fluid components flowing through the battery 23 and the radiator 21 are recombined via a valve unit 24 and pass through the electrical resistance unit 50 before the fluid is pumped back through the fluid pump. Furthermore, a heat exchanger 25 is arranged in the third cooling circuit between the battery 23 and the valve unit 24, through which the second cooling circuit 20 is in thermal contact with a third cooling circuit 30.

[0078] The third cooling circuit 30 is an HVAC cooling circuit with a suitable refrigerant as the fluid, which is supplied to an HVAC device 33 via a fluid pump 32. The fluid flowing out of the HVAC device 33 passes through the heat exchanger 25 before passing back through the fluid pump 32.

[0079] In the exemplary embodiment, the electrical resistance unit 50 is an electrical braking resistor. Accordingly, the electrical resistance unit 50 can convert electrical energy generated by an electric motor as an electrical energy source during recuperation operation into thermal energy when connected to the electric motor. 2024PF00255

[0080] 13

[0081] To convert electrical energy into thermal energy, the electrical resistance unit 50 comprises a first electrical resistance 51 and a second electrical resistance 52. As will be explained in more detail later with reference to Fig. 2, the first electrical resistance 51 has a higher heat dissipation capacity than the second electrical resistance 52. The first electrical resistance 51 is traversed by a first fluid channel 51D (Fig. 2), which forms part of the first cooling circuit 10. The second electrical resistance 52 is traversed by a second fluid channel 52D (Fig. 2), which forms part of the second cooling circuit 20.If the first electrical resistor 51 and the second electrical resistor 52 are connected to the electric motor as the electrical energy source, the heat generated by the first electrical resistor 51 is absorbed by the first cooling circuit 10, and the heat generated by the second electrical resistor 52 is absorbed by the second cooling circuit 20. However, since heat absorption by both cooling circuits is not always desirable, the electrical resistor unit 50 has a switching unit 40 to selectively switch the connection of the first electrical resistor 51 and / or the second electrical resistor 52 to the electric motor.

[0082] The switching unit 40 can be controlled by a control device 60 and in the exemplary embodiment comprises six switching elements 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, via which the switching unit 40 forms a so-called brake chopper with three phases.

[0083] In the exemplary embodiment, the first electrical resistor 51 is switched on when the switching elements 43 and 45 are closed, i.e., in a conducting state. The second electrical resistor 52 is switched on when the switching elements 43 and 44 are closed, i.e., in a conducting state. Both the first electrical resistor 51 and the second electrical resistor 52 are switched on when the switching elements 43, 44, and 45 are closed, i.e., in a conducting state.

[0084] If the control device now determines a continuous braking action in accordance with a sustained braking command, which leads to a correspondingly high generation of 2024PF00255

[0085] When electrical energy is no longer available for charging one of the batteries 23, the control device 60 activates the switching unit 40 such that both the first electrical resistor 51 and the second electrical resistor 52 are connected to the electric motor. Accordingly, the heat generated by the first electrical resistor 51 is absorbed by the first cooling circuit 10, and the heat generated by the second electrical resistor 52 is absorbed by the second cooling circuit 20. The first electrical resistor 51 has a heat dissipation capacity of up to approximately 100 kW, and the second electrical resistor 51 has a heat dissipation capacity of up to approximately 30 to 50 kW.

[0086] If the control device determines that only the second cooling circuit 20 can absorb heat, only the second electrical resistor 52 is connected to the electric motor. Similarly, if the control device 60 determines that only the first cooling circuit 10 can absorb heat, only the first electrical resistor 51 is connected to the electric motor.

[0087] Fig. 2 shows the electrical resistance unit 50 according to an exemplary embodiment. As described above with reference to Fig. 1, the first electrical resistance 51 has a higher heat dissipation capacity than the second electrical resistance 52. In the embodiment shown, this is achieved by the first resistance 51 forming a first fluid channel 51D from a fluid inlet 51B to a fluid outlet 51C, in which the fluid is guided past six resistance elements 51A of the first electrical resistance 51 according to the arrows shown. Three pairs of two parallel resistance elements 51A are arranged one behind the other or in series in meandering sections. The fluid in the second fluid channel 52D flows around only two resistance elements 52A of the second electrical resistance 52 from a fluid inlet 52B to a fluid outlet 52C of the second fluid channel 52D.

[0088] Fig. 3 shows a cooling circuit system 100' according to a second exemplary embodiment. The cooling circuit system 100' of the second embodiment differs from the cooling circuit system 100 of the first embodiment 2024PF00255

[0089] 15 by the fact that the electrical resistance unit 50' has a heat exchanger 53. Accordingly, only the differences caused by the heat exchanger 53 are discussed here, while the other components and functionalities are analogous to the first embodiment.

[0090] The heat exchanger 53 is designed to facilitate heat exchange between the first fluid channel 51D and the second fluid channel 52D. Accordingly, for example, if only the first electrical resistor 51 is connected to the electric motor, at least some of the heat absorbed by the first fluid channel 51D can be transferred to the second fluid channel 52D and thus to the second cooling circuit 20, thereby relieving the load on the first cooling circuit 10. Conversely, this also applies to the second cooling circuit 20 being relieved of heat by the first cooling circuit 10 if only the second electrical resistor 52D is connected to the electric motor.

[0091] The invention is not limited to the described embodiments. In particular, features described in relation to the embodiments, other described configurations and further developments of the invention can be combined with one another, provided they are not mutually exclusive.

[0092] 2024PF00255

[0093] 16

[0094] REFERENCE MARK LIST

[0095] 10 first cooling circuit

[0096] 11 Radiator

[0097] 12 Fluid pump

[0098] 13A Power steering pump

[0099] 13B Inverter

[0100] 13C electric axle drive

[0101] 14 Valve unit

[0102] 20 second cooling circuit

[0103] 21 Radiator

[0104] 22 Fluid pump

[0105] 23 Battery

[0106] 24 valve unit

[0107] 25 Cooling circuit heat exchangers

[0108] 30 third cooling circuit

[0109] 32 Fluid pump

[0110] 33 HVAC equipment

[0111] 40 switching unit

[0112] 41 Switching element

[0113] 42 Switching element

[0114] 43 Switching element

[0115] 44 Switching element

[0116] 45 Switching element

[0117] 46 Switching element

[0118] 50, 50' electrical resistance unit

[0119] 51 first electrical resistance

[0120] 51 A electrical resistance element

[0121] 51 B Fluid inlet

[0122] 51°C Fluid outlet

[0123] 51 D first fluid channel

[0124] 52 second electrical resistance

[0125] 52A electrical resistance element 2024PF00255

[0126] 17

[0127] 52 B Fluid inlet

[0128] 52C Fluid outlet

[0129] 52 D second fluid channel

[0130] 53 Heat exchanger 60 Control device

[0131] 100, 100' Cooling circuit system

Claims

2024PF00255 18 PATENT CLAIMS 1. Electrical resistance unit (50, 50') for a vehicle, comprising: at least a first electrical resistance (51 ) with at least one electrical resistance element (51 A), at least a first fluid channel (51 D) which is in heat-transferring communication with the at least one electrical resistance element (51 A) of the first electrical resistance (51 ), at least a second electrical resistance (52) with at least one electrical resistance element (52A) and at least a second fluid channel (52D) which is in heat-transferring communication with the at least one electrical resistance element (52A) of the second electrical resistance (52).

2. Electrical resistance unit (50, 50') according to claim 1, wherein a greater quantity of heat can be exchanged with a fluid flowing in the first fluid channel (51D) through the at least one first electrical resistance (51) than with a fluid flowing in the second fluid channel (52D) through the at least one second electrical resistance (52).

3. Electrical resistance unit (50, 50') according to claim 2, wherein the first electrical resistance (51 ) has a higher area fraction than the second electrical resistance (52) and / or the flow path of the fluid through the first fluid channel (51 D) in heat-transferring connection with the at least one electrical resistance element (51 A) of the first electrical resistance (51 ) is longer than the flow path of the fluid through the second fluid channel (51 D) in heat-transferring connection with the at least one electrical resistance element (52A) of the second electrical resistance (52).

4. Electrical resistance unit (50') according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the electrical resistance unit (50') is configured to provide a heat exchanger (53) between the first electrical resistance (51) and the 2024PF00255 19 to form a second fluid channel (52D) and / or the second electrical resistance (52) and the first fluid channel (51D), or has such a heat exchanger (53).

5. Electrical resistance unit (50, 50') according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first electrical resistance (51 ) and / or the first fluid channel (51 D) is thermally isolated or thermally insulated from the second electrical resistance (52) and / or the second fluid channel (52D).

6. Electrical resistance unit (50, 50') according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the electrical resistance unit (50, 50') has a switching unit (40) with at least one switching element (41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46) via which the first electrical resistance (51) and / or the second electrical resistance (52) can be connected to an electrical energy source, or a connection for a switching unit (40).

7. Electrical resistance unit (50, 50') according to claim 6, wherein the electrical resistance unit (50, 50') has a control device (60) for controlling the switching unit (40) or a connection for a control device (60) for controlling the switching unit (40).

8. Cooling circuit system (100, 100') for a vehicle, comprising: at least one first cooling circuit (10), at least one second cooling circuit (20) and at least one electrical resistance unit (50, 50') according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first fluid channel (51D) forms part of the first cooling circuit (10) and the second fluid channel (52D) forms part of the second cooling circuit (20).

9. Cooling circuit system (100, 100') according to claim 8, wherein the first cooling circuit (10) forms a cooling circuit for medium temperatures, preferably in a temperature range of 60 °C to 80 °C, in particular a drive cooling circuit. 2024PF00255 20 10. Cooling circuit system (100, 100') according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the second cooling circuit (20) forms a cooling circuit for low temperatures, preferably in a temperature range of 15 °C to 45 °C, in particular a battery cooling circuit.

11. Cooling circuit system (100, 100') according to one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the cooling circuit system (100, 100) has at least a third cooling circuit (30), in particular an HVAC cooling circuit, which is in thermal contact with the second cooling circuit (25) via a cooling circuit heat exchanger (25).

12. Cooling circuit system (100, 100') according to one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the electrical resistance unit (50, 50') forms an electrical braking resistor.

13. Vehicle with at least one electrical resistance unit (50, 50') according to one of claims 1 to 7 and / or a cooling circuit system (100, 100') according to one of claims 8 to 12.

14. Method for operating a cooling circuit system (100, 100') according to one of claims 8 to 12 for a vehicle according to claim 13, comprising the steps: Determining the operating state of a vehicle component to be cooled via the cooling circuit system (100, 100') and Connecting the first electrical resistor (51) and / or the second electrical resistor (52) to an electrical energy source.

15. Method according to claim 14, wherein the first cooling circuit (10) is a drive cooling circuit according to claim 9 and the second cooling circuit (20) is a battery cooling circuit according to claim 10, and wherein, in an operating state in which the first cooling circuit (10) can absorb heat, the first electrical resistor (51) is connected to the electrical power source, in an operating state in which the second cooling circuit (20) can absorb heat, the second electrical resistor (52) is connected to the electrical power source, and / or 2024PF00255 21 in an operating state in which continuous braking is carried out and in which the electrical resistance unit (50, 50') functions as an electrical braking resistor according to claim 12, both the first electrical resistance (51 ) and the second electrical resistance (52) are connected to the electrical energy source.

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