Vehicular glass and method for manufacturing vehicular glass

Abstract

The present invention appropriately transmits far-infrared rays and ensures an aesthetically pleasing design. This vehicular glass (1) has: a glass member (10) having an opening (19) penetrating from a Z1 direction-side surface (10A) to a Z2 direction-side surface (10B); and a transmission member (20) provided in the opening (19) and including a base material that transmits far-infrared rays and a functional film provided on the base material. The transmission member (20) has an average transmittance of 50% or more with respect to light having a wavelength of 8-12 μm. The difference between the visible light reflectance of the transmission member (20) and the visible light reflectance of a peripheral region (AR) around the opening (19) of the glass member (10) is 7% or less. The chromaticity difference, represented by formula (3), between the transmission member (20) and the peripheral region (AR) is 7 or less.

Description

Vehicle glass and method for manufacturing vehicle glass

[0001] This invention relates to vehicle glass.

[0002] Various sensors may be installed on vehicles such as automobiles to improve their safety. Examples of sensors installed on vehicles include cameras, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), millimeter-wave radar, and infrared sensors.

[0003] Patent Document 1 describes a vehicle glass in which an opening is formed in a glass member, a transmissive member capable of transmitting far-infrared rays is provided in the opening, and far-infrared rays are received through the transmissive member. Patent Document 1 describes a ZrO on the outer surface of the transmissive member. ２ It is stated that protective films such as the following should be provided.

[0004] International Publication No. 2022 / 065000

[0005] While the transparent member described in Patent Document 1 can appropriately transmit far-infrared rays and ensure aesthetic appeal, there is a need to improve its aesthetic appeal, for example, from the viewpoint of visual harmony with glass components.

[0006] The present invention aims to provide vehicle glass and a method for manufacturing vehicle glass that can appropriately transmit far-infrared rays and ensure aesthetic appeal.

[0007] The vehicle glass according to this disclosure comprises a glass member having an opening formed therein that penetrates from the surface on the first direction side in the thickness direction to the surface on the second direction side opposite to the first direction, and a transparent member provided in the opening and including a substrate that transmits far infrared rays, and a functional film provided on the substrate, wherein the transparent member has an average transmittance of 50% or more of light with a wavelength of 8 μm to 12 μm, the difference between the reflectance of visible light of the transparent member and the reflectance of visible light in the surrounding region which is the part of the glass member around the opening is 7% or less, and the chromaticity difference between the transparent member and the surrounding region, as shown in the following formula (3), is 7 or less. Chromaticity difference = ((a １ ＊ -a ２ ＊ ) ２ + (b１ ＊ -b ２ ＊ ) ２ ) ０．５ ... (3) a １ ＊ is the chromaticity a in the CIE-Lab color system of the transmissive member ＊ and a ２ ＊ is the chromaticity a in the CIE-Lab color system of the peripheral region ＊ and b １ ＊ is the chromaticity b in the CIE-Lab color system of the transmissive member ＊ and b ２ ＊ is the chromaticity b in the CIE-Lab color system of the peripheral region ＊ is as follows.

[0008] The method for manufacturing a vehicle glass according to the present disclosure includes preparing a glass member in which an opening penetrating from the surface on the first direction side in the thickness direction to the surface on the second direction side opposite to the first direction is formed, preparing a transmissive member provided with the functional film on the substrate by forming the functional film on the substrate that transmits far-infrared rays, and obtaining a vehicle glass by disposing the transmissive member in the opening of the glass member. The transmissive member has an average transmittance of light with a wavelength of 8 μm to 12 μm of 50% or more, and the difference between the reflectance of visible light of the transmissive member and the reflectance of visible light in the peripheral region which is a portion around the opening of the glass member is 7% or less. The average value Δa of Δa at any three points in the in-plane of the first direction side of the transmissive member represented by the following formula (3) ＊ b ＊ and the average value Δa １ ＊ b １ ＊ and the average value of Δa at any three points in the in-plane of the first direction side in the peripheral region ＊ b ＊ and the average value Δa ２ ＊ b ２ ＊ and the chromaticity difference between them is 7 or less. Chromaticity difference = ((a １ ＊ - a ２＊ ) ２ + (b １ ＊ -b ２ ＊ ) ２ ) ０．５ ... (3) a １ ＊ This is the chromaticity a of the transparent member in the CIE-Lab color system. ＊ and a ２ ＊ This is the chromaticity a in the CIE-Lab color system of the surrounding region. ＊ b １ ＊ This is the chromaticity b of the transparent member in the CIE-Lab color system. ＊ b ２ ＊ This is the chromaticity b in the CIE-Lab color system of the surrounding region. ＊ That is the case.

[0009] According to the present invention, it is possible to appropriately transmit far-infrared rays while ensuring aesthetic appeal.

[0010] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the vehicle glass according to the first embodiment mounted on a vehicle. Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of the vehicle glass according to the first embodiment. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 2. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along line B-B in Figure 2. Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the transparent member according to the embodiment. Figure 6 is a diagram showing an example configuration when a far-infrared camera is attached to the vehicle glass. Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the transparent member according to another example. Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the transparent member according to another example 2.

[0011] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and if there are multiple embodiments, they may be constructed by combining these embodiments. Numerical values ​​are rounded to the nearest whole number.

[0012] (First Embodiment) (Vehicle) Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the vehicle glass according to the first embodiment mounted on a vehicle. As shown in Figure 1, the vehicle glass 1 according to the first embodiment is mounted on a vehicle V. The vehicle glass 1 is a window member applied to the windshield of the vehicle V. That is, the vehicle glass 1 is used as the front windshield of the vehicle V, or in other words, as a windshield. Inside the vehicle V, a far-infrared camera CA1 and a visible light camera CA2 are mounted. The inside of the vehicle V refers to, for example, the interior of the vehicle where the driver's seat is located.

[0013] The vehicle glass 1, far-infrared camera CA1, and visible light camera CA2 constitute the camera unit 100. The far-infrared camera CA1 is a camera that detects far-infrared rays. The far-infrared camera CA1 captures a thermal image of the outside of the vehicle V by detecting far-infrared rays from outside the vehicle V. The visible light camera CA2 is a camera that detects visible light. The visible light camera CA2 captures an image of the outside of the vehicle V by detecting visible light from outside the vehicle V. In addition to the far-infrared camera CA1 and the visible light camera CA2, the camera unit 100 may further include, for example, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) or millimeter-wave radar. Here, far-infrared rays refer to, for example, electromagnetic waves in the wavelength band of 8 μm to 12 μm, and visible light refers to, for example, electromagnetic waves in the wavelength band of 380 nm to 830 nm.

[0014] (Vehicle Glass) Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of vehicle glass according to the first embodiment. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 2. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along line B-B in Figure 2. As shown in Figure 2, the upper edge of the vehicle glass 1 will be referred to as the upper edge portion 1a, the lower edge as the lower edge portion 1b, one side edge as the side edge portion 1c, and the other side edge as the side edge portion 1d. The upper edge portion 1a is the edge portion located on the vertically upper side when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V. The lower edge portion 1b is the edge portion located on the vertically lower side when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V. The side edge portion 1c is the edge portion located on one side when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V. The side edge portion 1d is the edge portion located on the other side when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V.

[0015] Hereinafter, among the directions parallel to the surface of the vehicle glass 1, the direction from the upper edge 1a to the lower edge 1b will be defined as the Y direction, and the direction from the side edge 1c to the side edge 1d will be defined as the X direction. In the first embodiment, the X direction and the Y direction are orthogonal. The direction perpendicular to the surface of the vehicle glass 1, that is, the thickness direction of the vehicle glass 1, will be defined as the Z direction. Furthermore, one direction along the Z direction will be defined as the Z1 direction (first direction), and the direction opposite to the Z1 direction will be defined as the Z2 direction (second direction). The Z1 direction is, for example, the direction from the inside to the outside of the vehicle V when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V. The Z2 direction is, for example, the direction from the outside to the inside of the vehicle V when the vehicle glass 1 is mounted on the vehicle V. The X direction and the Y direction are along the surface of the vehicle glass 1, but for example, if the surface of the vehicle glass 1 is curved, they may be directions that are tangent to the surface of the vehicle glass 1 at the center point O of the vehicle glass 1. The center point O is the central position of the vehicle glass 1 when viewed from the Z direction.

[0016] The vehicle glass 1 has a light-transmitting region A1 and a light-blocking region A2. The light-transmitting region A1 is the central part of the vehicle glass 1 when viewed from the Z direction. The light-transmitting region A1 is the region that ensures the driver's field of view. The light-transmitting region A1 is the region that transmits visible light. The light-blocking region A2 is the region that is formed around the light-transmitting region A1 when viewed from the Z direction. The light-blocking region A2 is the region that blocks visible light and ultraviolet light (ultraviolet light). Within the light-blocking region A2a, which is the part on the upper edge 1a side of the light-blocking region A2, a far-infrared transmitting region B and a visible light transmitting region C are formed.

[0017] The far-infrared transmission region B is a region that transmits far-infrared light and is the region in which the far-infrared camera CA1 is installed. That is, the far-infrared camera CA1 is installed in a position that overlaps with the far-infrared transmission region B when viewed from the optical axis direction of the far-infrared camera CA1. The visible light transmission region C is a region that transmits visible light and is the region in which the visible light camera CA2 is installed. That is, the visible light camera CA2 is installed in a position that overlaps with the visible light transmission region C when viewed from the optical axis direction of the visible light camera CA2.

[0018] As described above, the light-shielding region A2 has a far-infrared transmitting region B and a visible light transmitting region C. Therefore, the light-shielding region A2 blocks far-infrared rays in areas other than where the far-infrared transmitting region B is formed, and blocks visible light in areas other than where the visible light transmitting region C is formed. The far-infrared transmitting region B and the visible light transmitting region C are surrounded by a light-shielding region A2a. This surrounding light-shielding region A2a is preferable because it protects the various sensors from sunlight. It is also preferable from a design standpoint because the wiring of the various sensors is not visible from outside the vehicle.

[0019] (Glass Member) As shown in Figure 3, the vehicle glass 1 includes a glass member 10. The glass member 10 is the main body portion of the vehicle glass 1 that constitutes the windshield of the vehicle V. The glass member 10 may be single-pane glass or laminated glass, but in this embodiment, the glass member 10 is laminated glass in which a first glass base 12 provided on the outside of the vehicle and a second glass base 14 provided on the inside of the vehicle are laminated with an intermediate layer 16 in between. Specifically, the glass member 10 includes a first glass base 12, a second glass base 14, an intermediate layer 16, and a light-shielding layer 18. In the vehicle glass 1, the first glass base 12, the intermediate layer 16, the second glass base 14, and the light-shielding layer 18 are laminated in this order in the Z2 direction. The first glass base 12 and the second glass base 14 are fixed (bonded) to each other via the intermediate layer 16.

[0020] The glass substrate may be inorganic glass or organic glass. Examples of inorganic glass include soda-lime glass, aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, and quartz glass, which can be used without particular restriction. Among these, soda-lime glass is particularly preferred in terms of manufacturing cost and moldability. For example, in the case of inorganic glass, glass plates formed by the float process are preferred. When the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14 are inorganic glass, the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14 may be either untempered glass or tempered glass. Tempered glass may be either physically tempered glass or chemically tempered glass. Untempered glass is obtained by forming molten glass into a plate and slowly cooling it. Tempered glass is obtained by forming a compressive stress layer on the surface of untempered glass. Tempered glass may be either physically tempered glass or chemically tempered glass. In the case of physically strengthened glass, the glass surface may be strengthened by creating a compressive stress layer on the glass surface due to the temperature difference between the glass surface and the inside of the glass, through operations other than slow cooling, such as air-cooled strengthening, where a uniformly heated glass plate is rapidly cooled from a temperature near its softening point during bending. In the case of chemically strengthened glass, the glass surface may be strengthened after bending by creating compressive stress on the glass surface by methods such as ion exchange. Known molding techniques such as gravity molding, press molding, and roller molding may be used for bending the glass substrate. Glass that absorbs ultraviolet or infrared rays may also be used. Furthermore, the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14 may be transparent or colored. The plate thickness of the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.3 mm or more, more preferably 0.5 mm or more, even more preferably 1 mm or more, even more preferably 1.5 mm or more, and most preferably 2 mm or more. Furthermore, the plate thickness of the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14 is preferably 5 mm or less, more preferably 4 mm or less, and even more preferably 3 mm or less. The intermediate layer 16 is an adhesive layer that bonds the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14.As the intermediate layer 16, known materials such as polyvinyl butyral (hereinafter also referred to as PVB) modified material, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) material, urethane resin material, and vinyl chloride resin material can be used. The intermediate layer 16 may also contain functional particles such as ultraviolet absorbers, infrared absorbers, adhesion enhancers, antioxidants, and light stabilizers. The intermediate layer 16 may be transparent or colored. The intermediate layer 16 may also have a multilayer structure of two or more layers. More specifically, the first glass substrate 12 includes one surface 12A (the surface on the Z1 direction) and the other surface 12B (the surface on the Z2 direction), and the other surface 12B is in contact with one surface 16A (the surface on the Z1 direction) of the intermediate layer 16 and is fixed (adhered) to the intermediate layer 16. The second glass substrate 14 includes one surface 14A (the surface facing the Z1 direction) and the other surface 14B (the surface facing the Z2 direction), and the one surface 14A is in contact with the other surface 16B (the surface facing the Z2 direction) of the intermediate layer 16 and is fixed (bonded) to the intermediate layer 16. Thus, the vehicle glass 1 is a laminated glass in which the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14 are laminated. However, the vehicle glass 1 is not limited to laminated glass, and may be a configuration that includes only one of the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14 (i.e., a single-pane glass). In this case, the intermediate layer 16 may not be provided. The intermediate layer 16 may contain a heat-generating film (PET substrate), a heating device, an antenna, a liquid crystal device, a dimming device, an image projection layer, an emitting layer, a heat-reflective layer, etc. Hereinafter, when the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14 are not distinguished, they will be referred to as glass substrates. When the vehicle glass 1 is installed in a vehicle, the vehicle glass 1 may have a curved shape that protrudes outwards from the vehicle. The curved shape of the vehicle glass 1 from the periphery to the center may be a curved shape in only one direction, a curved shape in two perpendicular directions, or a curved shape in three or more directions. The thickness of the vehicle glass 1 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 mm or more, more preferably 4 mm or more, even more preferably 4.5 mm or more, even more preferably 5 mm or more, and most preferably 6 mm or more.Furthermore, the thickness of the vehicle glass 1 is preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 9 mm or less, even more preferably 8 mm or less, and most preferably 7 mm or less. In this embodiment, the upper and lower limits can be combined as appropriate. Also, if the vehicle glass 1 is laminated glass, the above thickness may be read as the total thickness of the laminated glass.

[0021] (Light-shielding layer) The light-shielding layer 18 is a layer that shields visible light (wavelength 380 nm to 830 nm). The light-shielding layer 18 may be provided in a band shape along the periphery of the vehicle glass 1. This suppresses the deterioration of aesthetics due to refraction of the glass substrate. The light-shielding layer 18 is also a layer that shields ultraviolet rays (wavelength 300 nm to 380 nm). This suppresses the exposure of components that are easily degraded by ultraviolet rays (for example, the intermediate layer 16 and the adhesive layer 70 described later) to sunlight. Preferably, the light-shielding layer 18 also shields infrared rays (wavelength 830 nm to 2000 nm). Shielding is achieved, for example, by absorbing the target light ray. For example, the visible light transmittance and ultraviolet light transmittance of the light-shielding layer 18 are 5% or less, preferably 3% or less, more preferably 1% or less, and even more preferably substantially 0%. The degree of shielding may vary depending on the wavelength of the light ray. The transmittance of light at each wavelength can be measured, for example, using an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrophotometer (manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Corporation, product name: U-4100).

[0022] The light-shielding layer 18 is configured as a substantially opaque layer. For example, a ceramic light-shielding layer or a light-shielding film can be used as the light-shielding layer 18. As a ceramic light-shielding layer, for example, a ceramic layer made of a conventionally known material such as a black ceramic layer can be used. As a light-shielding film, for example, a light-shielding polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, a light-shielding polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) film, a light-shielding polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film, etc. can be used. The light-shielding layer 18 includes one surface 18A (the surface on the Z1 direction side) and the other surface 18B (the surface on the Z2 direction side). In the example of Figure 3, one surface 18A is in contact with and fixed to the other surface 14B of the second glass substrate 14, but it is not limited to this. For example, the light-shielding layer 18 may be provided on the surface 12B of the first glass substrate 12. In this case, the light-shielding layer 18 may not be provided on the second glass substrate 14. In other words, the light-shielding layer 18 may be provided on the surface 14B of the second glass substrate 14, on the surface 12B of the first glass substrate 12, or on both surfaces 14B and 12B.

[0023] In the first embodiment, the side of the vehicle glass 1 on which the light-shielding layer 18 is provided is the interior side (Z2 direction side), and the side on which the first glass substrate 12 is provided is the exterior side (Z1 direction side). However, it is not limited to this, and the light-shielding layer 18 may be provided on the exterior side of the vehicle V. If the vehicle glass 1 is made of laminated glass of a first glass substrate 12 and a second glass substrate 14, the light-shielding layer 18 may be formed between the first glass substrate 12 and the second glass substrate 14. That is, the light-shielding layer 18 may be formed on, for example, the surface 12B or the surface 14A, or a part of the intermediate layer 16 may be the light-shielding layer 18. If a part of the intermediate layer 16 is the light-shielding layer 18, a part of the intermediate layer 16 may be colored with a dark pigment, or a layer containing a dark pigment may be provided in a part of the intermediate layer 16.

[0024] The light-shielding region A2 is formed by providing a light-shielding layer 18 on the glass member 10. In other words, the light-shielding region A2 is the region in which the glass member 10 is equipped with the light-shielding layer 18. Specifically, the light-shielding region A2 is the region in which the first glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, the second glass substrate 14, and the light-shielding layer 18 are laminated. On the other hand, the light-transmitting region A1 is the region in which the glass member 10 is not equipped with the light-shielding layer 18. Specifically, the light-transmitting region A1 is the region in which the first glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, and the second glass substrate 14 are laminated, but the light-shielding layer 18 is not laminated. As described above, the light-shielding region A2 blocks ultraviolet rays with the light-shielding layer 18. The ultraviolet transmittance of the light-shielding region A2 is lower than that of the region without the light-shielding layer 18 (light-transmitting region A1, far-infrared transmitting region B, and visible light transmitting region C).

[0025] As shown in Figure 4, the visible light transmission region C, like the light-transmitting region A1, is a region in the Z direction where the glass member 10 does not have a light-shielding layer 18. That is, the visible light transmission region C is a region where the first glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, and the second glass substrate 14 are laminated, and the light-shielding layer 18 is not laminated.

[0026] (Far-infrared transmitting unit) The vehicle glass 1 has a far-infrared transmitting unit U. Specifically, the vehicle glass 1 has an opening 19 formed in the glass member 10, and the far-infrared transmitting unit U is provided in the opening 19. The opening 19 is an opening that penetrates from the inner surface 10B (surface 18B in the Z2 direction) of the glass member 10 to the outer surface 10A (surface 12A in the Z1 direction). The opening 19 is formed in the light-shielding region A2a. The light-shielding region A2a surrounds the opening 19. The region where the opening 19 is formed and the far-infrared transmitting unit U is provided is the far-infrared transmitting region B. The far-infrared transmitting region B does not have a light-shielding layer 18. That is, in the far-infrared transmitting region B, the first glass substrate 12, the intermediate layer 16, the second glass substrate 14, and the light-shielding layer 18 are not provided, and the far-infrared transmitting unit U is provided in the formed opening 19.

[0027] The far-infrared transmission unit U comprises a transmission member 20 and a frame member 60 provided on the periphery of the transmission member 20 for attaching the transmission member 20 to the glass member 10. Note that the frame member 60 is not an essential component, and the transmission member 20 may be directly attached to the glass member 10. In the following description, when the transmission member 20 is viewed from the Z direction, the direction toward the geometric center of the transmission member 20 (opening 19) may be described as the radially inward direction, and the direction away from the geometric center may be described as the radially outward direction.

[0028] (Peripheral Region) Here, the region of the surface 10A of the glass member 10 surrounding the opening 19 (far-infrared transmission region B), that is, the region surrounding the opening 19 (far-infrared transmission region B) when viewed from the Z direction, is defined as the peripheral region AR. The peripheral region AR may be, for example, a region extending 5 mm radially outward from the periphery of the opening 19. That is, for example, the inner circumference of the peripheral region AR may be at the periphery of the opening 19, and the outer circumference of the peripheral region AR may be 5 mm radially outward from the inner circumference of the peripheral region AR (periphery of the opening 19).

[0029] In this embodiment, the surrounding region AR is the region within the light-shielding region A2, that is, the region where the light-shielding layer 18 is formed. For example, if a region that transmits visible light (the light-transmitting region A1 or the visible light-transmitting region C) is included in the area 5 mm radially outward from the periphery of the opening 19, the surrounding region AR may be the region within that range excluding the region that transmits visible light.

[0030] In this embodiment, the average value Rv (reflectance when visible light is irradiated from the Z1 direction) of the reflectance of visible light at any three points on the first direction side of the surrounding region AR of the glass member 10 is preferably 1.0% to 8.0%, more preferably 3.0% to 6.0%, and even more preferably 4.0% to 5.5%. By having the reflectance Rv of the surrounding region AR within this range, glare can be suppressed and the aesthetic appearance can be improved. The reflectance Rv of visible light in the surrounding region AR can be measured in accordance with the provisions of JIS R3106 "Test method for transmittance, reflectance and emissivity of plate glass and method for calculating the solar heat gain coefficient of architectural plate glass".

[0031] In this embodiment, Δa in the surrounding region AR of the glass member 10 ２ ＊ b ２ ＊ (Δa of any three points in the plane when viewed from the Z1 direction) ＊ b ＊ The average value of is preferably low, preferably 10 or less, more preferably 7 or less, even more preferably 5 or less, and most preferably 3 or less. Note that Δa in the surrounding region AR ＊ b ＊ The lower limit is not particularly limited, but 0.1 or higher is preferred. In this embodiment, the upper and lower limits can be combined as appropriate. Δa ＊ b ＊ This refers to the a in the CIE-Lab color system obtained from the 5-degree incident visible light reflectance spectrum. ＊ b ＊ This refers to the distance from the origin coordinates. That is, Δa ＊ b ＊ Δa is calculated using the following formula (1): ＊ b ＊ By falling within this range, the reflected light becomes a neutral color, ensuring an aesthetically pleasing appearance.

[0032] Δa ＊ b ＊ = (a ＊２ +b ＊２ ) ０．５ ... (1)

[0033] In this embodiment, L is at any three points in the plane on the first direction side of the surrounding region AR of the glass member 10. ＊ The average value L １ ＊ The value is preferably 5 to 50, more preferably 10 to 40, and even more preferably 20 to 30. ＊ and L １ ＊ This refers to the chrominance in the CIE-Lab color system obtained from the 5-degree incident visible light reflectance spectrum.

[0034] Saturation L ＊ And, chromaticity a ＊ and b ＊This refers to the chromaticity coordinates of reflected light in the CIE-Lab color system when the standard illuminant D65 is used as the illumination light, and can be calculated according to JIS Z 8781-4 using the spectral reflectance measured according to JIS R3106.

[0035] However, the surrounding region AR is not limited to a region within the light-shielding region A2 (a region where the light-shielding layer 18 is formed), but may also be a region that transmits visible light (a light-transmitting region A1 or a visible light-transmitting region C). In other words, in this case, the opening 19 is formed in a region that transmits visible light, rather than a light-shielding region.

[0036] (Permeable Member) Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the permeable member according to this embodiment. As shown in Figure 5, the permeable member 20 has a base material 30 and a functional film 40 formed on the base material 30. In this embodiment, the permeable member 20 has the functional film 40 formed on both the surface 30a on the Z1 direction side and the surface 30b on the Z2 direction side of the base material 30. However, the permeable member 20 is not limited to having the functional film 40 formed on both the surfaces 30a and 30b of the base material 30, and the functional film 40 may be formed on at least one of the surfaces 30a and 30b. It is preferable that the functional film 40 is formed on at least the surface 30a on the vehicle side of the surfaces 30a and 30b. That is, the surface 30b of the base material 30 does not need to have a film formed on it, or a film other than the functional film 40 may be formed on it.

[0037] (Substrate) The substrate 30 is a material that can transmit far-infrared rays. The substrate 30 preferably has an internal transmittance of 50% or more for light with a wavelength of 10 μm (far-infrared rays), more preferably 60% or more, and even more preferably 70% or more. Furthermore, the substrate 30 preferably has an average internal transmittance of 50% or more for light with wavelengths of 8 μm to 12 μm (far-infrared rays), more preferably 60% or more, and even more preferably 70% or more. When the internal transmittance of the substrate 30 for light with a wavelength of 10 μm and the average internal transmittance for light with wavelengths of 8 μm to 12 μm fall within these numerical ranges, far-infrared rays are appropriately transmitted, allowing, for example, the performance of the far-infrared camera CA1 to be fully realized. Note that the average internal transmittance here refers to the average value of the internal transmittance for each wavelength of light in that wavelength band (here, 8 μm to 12 μm).

[0038] The internal transmittance of the substrate 30 is the transmittance excluding surface reflection losses on the incident and exit sides, and is well known in the art. Its measurement can be carried out using a commonly used method. The measurement can be carried out, for example, as follows.

[0039] Prepare a pair of flat plate-shaped samples (a first sample and a second sample) made of the same substrate composition but with different thicknesses. Both sides of the flat plate-shaped samples are parallel to each other and are optically polished planes. If the external transmittance including surface reflection loss of the first sample is T1, the external transmittance including surface reflection loss of the second sample is T2, the thickness of the first sample is Td1 (mm), and the thickness of the second sample is Td2 (mm), where Td1 < Td2, then the internal transmittance τ at a thickness Tdx (mm) can be calculated using the difference ΔTd between Td1 and Td2 by the following equation (2).

[0040] τ = exp[-Tdx×(lnT1-lnT2) / ΔTd] ...(2)

[0041] Furthermore, the external transmittance of infrared radiation can be measured, for example, using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (manufactured by ThermoScientific, product name: Nicolet iS10).

[0042] The substrate 30 preferably has a refractive index of 1.5 to 4.0 for light with a wavelength of 10 μm, more preferably 2.0 to 4.0, and even more preferably 2.2 to 3.5. Furthermore, the substrate 30 preferably has an average refractive index of 1.5 to 4.0 for light with wavelengths of 8 μm to 12 μm, more preferably 2.0 to 4.0, and even more preferably 2.2 to 3.5. When the refractive index and average refractive index of the substrate 30 fall within these numerical ranges, far-infrared light is appropriately transmitted, allowing, for example, the performance of the far-infrared camera CA1 to be fully realized. The average refractive index here refers to the average value of the refractive index for light at each wavelength in that wavelength band (here, 8 μm to 12 μm). The refractive index can be determined, for example, by fitting an optical model using polarization information obtained by an infrared spectroscopic ellipsometer (IR-VASE-UT, manufactured by J.A. Woolam) and a spectral transmission spectrum obtained by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer.

[0043] The material of the base material 30 is not particularly limited, but examples include ZnS, Ge, Si, and chalcogenide glass. A preferred composition of the chalcogenide glass is one in which, in atomic percent, Ge + Ga: 7% to 25%, Sb: 0% to 35%, Bi: 0% to 20%, Zn: 0% to 20%, Sn: 0% to 20%, Si: 0% to 20%, La: 0% to 20%, S + Se + Te: 55% to 80%, Ti: 0.005% to 0.3%, Li + Na + K + Cs: 0% to 20%, and F + Cl + Br + I: 0% to 20%. Preferably, this glass has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 140°C to 550°C. The base material 30 is more preferably composed of at least one of Si and Ge, and even more preferably composed of Si. When the base material 30 is mainly composed of Si or Ge, an oxide layer of that main component (a layer of silicon oxide or germanium oxide) may be formed on its surface. In this embodiment, the main component may refer to a content of 50% by mass or more in the entire target member (in this case, the base material 30), more preferably 70% by mass or more, and more preferably 90% by mass or more.

[0044] It is preferable that the thickness D0 of the base material 30 is 0.3 mm or more and 5 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or more and 4 mm or less, and even more preferably 1.5 mm or more and 3 mm or less. By having the thickness D0 within this range, while ensuring strength, far-infrared rays can be appropriately transmitted. Note that the thickness D0 can also be said to be the length in the Z direction from the surface 30a to the surface of the base material 30b.

[0045] (Functional film) The functional film 40A is a film for improving the design property. The configuration of the functional film 40A may be arbitrary. In the present embodiment, the functional film 40A includes an outermost layer 42 and a functional layer 44. The outermost layer 42 is the layer provided at the position farthest from the base material 30 in the functional film 40A, that is, on the Z1 direction side in the present embodiment. In other words, the outermost layer 42 is the outermost layer (on the Z1 direction side in the present embodiment) of the transmission member 20 and is exposed to the outside. The functional layer 44 is the layer provided on the base material 30 side (on the Z2 direction side rather than the outermost layer 42 in the present embodiment) in the functional film 40A, and further, it is provided on the side closest to the base material 30 (on the Z2 direction side) in the functional film 40A. In the example of the present embodiment, the functional layer 44 is in contact with the base material 30.

[0046] It is preferable that the thickness D1 of the functional film 40A is 800 nm or more and 3000 nm or less, more preferably 1000 nm or more and 2000 nm or less, and even more preferably 1100 nm or more and 1500 nm or less. Note that the thickness D1 can also be said to be the length in the Z direction from the surface on the Z1 direction side to the surface on the Z2 direction side of the functional film 40A. Also, the ratio of the thickness D1 of the functional film 40A to the thickness D0 of the base material 30 is preferably 0.016% or more and 1% or less, more preferably 0.02% or more and 0.67% or less, and even more preferably 0.022% or more and 0.5% or less. By having the thickness D1 within this range, far-infrared rays can be appropriately transmitted and the design property can be appropriately ensured.

[0047] (Outermost layer) The outermost layer 42 is ZrBO ｘ , and ZrSiO ｘIt is preferable to use at least one of them as the main component, and it is more preferable to use ZrBO ｘ as the main component. Further, for the outermost layer 42, it is preferable that the content rate of the main component is 100% by mass excluding inevitable impurities, i.e., the main component alone. By setting the content rate of the main component in the outermost layer 42 within this range, far-infrared rays can be appropriately transmitted and the design property can be appropriately ensured. Note that "x" in the compound may be any number greater than 0.

[0048] The outermost layer 42 may contain a sub-component which is a component other than the main component. As the sub-component, an oxide that transmits far-infrared rays is preferable, and examples thereof include NiO ｘ , ZnO ｘ , Bi ｘ O ｙ , and at least one of CuO ｘ .

[0049] When B and Zr are contained in the main component of the outermost layer 42, for the outermost layer 42, the Zr content ratio (Zr / B), which is the content ratio of Zr to B, is preferably 0.50 or more and 1.30 or less, more preferably 0.60 or more and 1.20 or less, and still more preferably 0.70 or more and 1.10 or less. By setting the Zr content ratio within this range, far-infrared rays can be appropriately transmitted, the design property can be appropriately ensured, and the abrasion resistance can also be improved. Note that the Zr content ratio can be determined by, for example, the Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS method) and the nuclear reaction analysis method (NRA method), applying the measurement conditions described in the examples below.

[0050] When Si and Zr are contained in the main component of the outermost layer 42, for the outermost layer 42, the content ratio of Zr to Si (Zr / Si) is preferably 0.50 or more and 1.30 or less, more preferably 0.60 or more and 1.20 or less, and still more preferably 0.70 or more and 1.10 or less. By setting the content ratio of Zr to Si within this range, far-infrared rays can be appropriately transmitted, the design property can be appropriately ensured, and the abrasion resistance can also be improved. Note that the content ratio of Zr to Si can be determined by, for example, the Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS method) and the nuclear reaction analysis method (NRA method), by replacing B with Si under the measurement conditions described in the examples below.

[0051] When the outermost layer 42 contains B as its main component, the B content (B / Zr), which is the ratio of B to Zr, is preferably 0.3 to 2.5, more preferably 0.5 to 2.0, and even more preferably 0.7 to 1.5. A B content within this range allows for appropriate transmission of far-infrared rays and ensures appropriate aesthetic appeal. The B content can be determined, for example, by applying the measurement conditions described in the examples below, using Rutherford backscattering analysis (RBS) and nuclear reaction analysis (NRA).

[0052] When the outermost layer 42 contains Si as its main component, the Si / Zr content (Si / Zr), which is the ratio of Si to Zr, is preferably 0.3 to 2.5, more preferably 0.5 to 2.0, and even more preferably 0.7 to 1.5. By having a Si content within this range, far-infrared rays can be appropriately transmitted, and the aesthetic appeal can be adequately ensured. The Si content can be determined, for example, by applying the measurement conditions described in the examples below, using Rutherford backscattering analysis (RBS) and nuclear reaction analysis (NRA).

[0053] The thickness D2 of the outermost layer 42 is preferably 30 nm to 200 nm, more preferably 40 nm to 150 nm, and even more preferably 50 nm to 100 nm. The thickness D2 can also be said to be the length in the Z direction from the surface on the Z1 direction side to the surface on the Z2 direction side of the outermost layer 42. The ratio of the thickness D2 of the outermost layer 42 to the thickness D0 of the substrate 30 is preferably 0.002% to 0.030%, more preferably 0.005% to 0.020%, and even more preferably 0.008% to 0.013%. The ratio of the thickness D2 of the outermost layer 42 to the thickness D1 of the functional film 40 is preferably 1% to 25%, more preferably 3% to 25%, even more preferably 5% to 25%, and most preferably 7% to 21%. Having a thickness D2 within this range allows for proper transmission of far-infrared rays and ensures appropriate aesthetic appeal.

[0054] The outermost layer 42 is capable of transmitting far-infrared light. The outermost layer 42 preferably has an extinction coefficient of 1.0 or less for light with a wavelength of 10 μm, more preferably 0.8 or less, and even more preferably 0.5 or less. The extinction coefficient can be determined, for example, by fitting an optical model using polarization information obtained by an infrared spectroscopic ellipsometer (IR-VASE-UT, manufactured by J.A. Woolam) and a spectral transmission spectrum obtained by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer.

[0055] The outermost layer 42 preferably has a refractive index of 1.60 to 1.95 for light with a wavelength of 550 nm (visible light), more preferably 1.70 to 1.90, and even more preferably 1.75 to 1.85. By having the refractive index of the outermost layer 42 for visible light within this numerical range, the aesthetic appeal can be appropriately ensured.

[0056] (Functional layer) The functional layer 44 is capable of transmitting far-infrared rays. In this embodiment, an example is described in which the functional layer 44 consists of only one layer, but it is not limited to this, and the functional layer 44 may be composed of multiple layers stacked together.

[0057] Functional layer 44 is NiO ｘ MgO ｘ , ZrO ｘ MgF ｘ Preferably, the main component is at least one of ZnS, Si, Ge, and diamond-like carbon, and NiO ｘ It is more preferable that the main component is NiO. The functional layer 44 preferably contains only the main component, i.e., with unavoidable impurities removed, and the content of the main component is preferably 100% by mass. When the content of the main component in the functional layer 44 is within this range, the reflection of far-infrared rays is suppressed and far-infrared rays are transmitted appropriately. ｘ It is known that NiO can take on multiple compositions depending on the valence of Ni. ｘ x can take any value from 0.5 to 2. Also, the valency does not have to be single, and two or more valencies may be mixed. In this embodiment, NiO ｘ It is preferable to use NiO as the material.

[0058] The thickness D3 of the functional layer 44 is preferably 800 nm to 3000 nm, more preferably 1000 nm to 2000 nm, and even more preferably 1100 nm to 1500 nm. Furthermore, the ratio of the thickness D3 of the functional layer 44 to the thickness D1 of the functional film 40A is preferably 75% to 99%, more preferably 75% to 97%, even more preferably 75% to 95%, and most preferably 79% to 93%. By having the thickness D3 of the functional layer 44 within this range, far-infrared rays can be appropriately transmitted and the aesthetic appearance can be appropriately ensured. Note that the thickness D3 of the functional layer 44 can also be said to be the length in the Z direction from the surface on the Z1 direction side to the surface on the Z2 direction side of the functional layer 44.

[0059] The functional layer 44 is capable of transmitting far-infrared rays. The functional layer preferably has an extinction coefficient of 0.05 or less for light with a wavelength of 10 μm, more preferably 0.03 or less, even more preferably 0.02 or less, and most preferably 0.01 or less. When the extinction coefficient is within this range, far-infrared rays can be transmitted appropriately.

[0060] (Functional film on the inside of the vehicle) The above description has explained the functional film 40A on the outside of the vehicle and the layers contained therein (outermost layer 42, functional layer 44). In contrast, the functional film 40B on the inside of the vehicle may have the same configuration as the functional film 40A. That is, for example, the functional film 40B may be laminated from the base material 30 toward the inside of the vehicle in the order of functional layer 44, outermost layer 42. Alternatively, the functional film 40B may have a functional layer 44 but not an outermost layer 42.

[0061] (Characteristics of the transparent member) The characteristics of the transparent member 20 having the above configuration will be explained below.

[0062] (Transmittance of far-infrared rays) The transmittance of the transmittance member 20 for light with a wavelength of 10 μm is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 65% ​​or more, and even more preferably 70% or more. Furthermore, the average transmittance of the transmittance member 20 for light with wavelengths of 8 μm to 12 μm is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 65% ​​or more, and even more preferably 70% or more. When the transmittance and average transmittance are within this range, the transmittance member can appropriately perform its function.

[0063] (Reflectance of visible light) Here, the reflectance Rv of the transparent member 20 (reflectance when visible light is irradiated from the Z1 direction) is defined as reflectance Rv1, and the reflectance Rv of the glass member 10 in the surrounding region AR (reflectance when visible light is irradiated from the Z1 direction) is defined as reflectance Rv2. The difference between the reflectance Rv1 of the transparent member 20 and the reflectance Rv2 of the glass member 10 in the surrounding region AR is defined as the reflectance difference. In this case, the reflectance difference is 7% or less, preferably 0.1% to 5.0%, more preferably 0.1% to 3.0%, and even more preferably 0.1% to 2.0%. By having the reflectance difference within this range, the appearance of the transparent member 20 harmonizes with the surrounding region AR, ensuring aesthetic appeal.

[0064] The visible light reflectance Rv1 of the transparent member 20 is preferably 1.0% to 8.0%, more preferably 3.0% to 6.0%, and even more preferably 4.0% to 5.5%. By having the reflectance Rv1 of the transparent member 20 within this range, glare can be suppressed and the aesthetic appearance can be improved.

[0065] (Δa ＊ b ＊ ) Also, Δa of the transparent member 20 ＊ b ＊ (Δa when viewed from the Z1 direction) ＊ b ＊ ) to Δa １ ＊ b １ ＊ The Δa in the surrounding region AR of the glass member 10 ＊ b ＊ (Δa when viewed from the Z1 direction) ＊ b＊ ) to Δa ２ ＊ b ２ ＊ Let's assume that Δa １ ＊ b １ ＊ This is the Δa of any three points in the plane on the first direction side of the transparent member 20. ＊ b ＊ This is the average value of Δa ２ ＊ b ２ ＊ This is the Δa of any three points in the plane on the first direction side in the surrounding region AR of the glass member 10. ＊ b ＊ This is the average value. And, as shown in equation (3), Δa of the transparent member 20 １ ＊ b １ ＊ And, Δa in the surrounding region AR of the glass member 10 ２ ＊ b ２ ＊ The difference between this and is defined as the chromaticity difference. In this case, the chromaticity difference is 7 or less, more preferably 0.1 to 5, and even more preferably 0.1 to 3. When the chromaticity difference is within this range, the appearance of the transparent member 20 harmonizes with the surrounding area AR, ensuring aesthetic appeal. Chromaticity difference = ((a １ ＊ -a ２ ＊ ) ２ + (b １ ＊ -b ２ ＊ ) ２ ) ０．５ ... (3)

[0066] Note a １ ＊ This is the chromaticity a of the transparent member 20 in the CIE-Lab color system. ＊ and a ２ ＊ This is the chromaticity a of the surrounding region AR of the glass member 10 in the CIE-Lab color system. ＊ b １ ＊ The chromaticity b of the transparent member 20 ＊ b ２＊ This is the chromaticity b in the CIE-Lab color system of the surrounding region AR of the glass member 10. ＊ That is the case.

[0067] Δa of the transparent member 20 １ ＊ b １ ＊ The lower the value, the better; 10 or less is preferable; 7 or less is more preferable; 5 or less is even more preferable; and 3 or less is most preferable. Saturation L of the transparent member 20 ＊ The saturation L is １ ＊ Δa of the permeable member 20 is preferably 5 to 50, more preferably 10 to 40, and even more preferably 20 to 30. １ ＊ b １ ＊ or saturation L １ ＊ By falling within this range, the color can be made less conspicuous, thus improving its aesthetic appeal.

[0068] From the viewpoint of strength, the thickness of the permeable member 20 is preferably 1.0 mm or more, more preferably 1.5 mm or more, and even more preferably 2.0 mm or more. The upper limit of the thickness of the permeable member 20 is not particularly limited, but is usually 5.0 mm or less. Here, thickness refers to the length of the permeable member 20 in the Z direction.

[0069] (Frame Member) As shown in Figure 3, the frame member 60 is provided within the opening 19 of the glass member 10 and is a member that fixes the transparent member 20 within the opening 19. The frame member 60 will be described in detail below.

[0070] As shown in Figure 3, the frame member 60 has a wall portion 61 and a fixing portion 62. The wall portion 61 is a portion provided between the inner circumferential surface of the opening 19 and the outer circumferential surface (end face) 21 of the transparent member 20. The fixing portion 62 is a portion that protrudes radially outward from the wall portion 61 and supports the surface 10B of the glass member 10 on the Z2 direction side. The frame member 60 may be composed of a single member or of multiple members. A frame member 60 composed of multiple members may, for example, include a first member including the wall portion 61 and a second member including the fixing portion 62. A frame member 60 composed of multiple members may, for example, be composed of a first member on the Z1 direction side and a second member on the Z2 direction side. The frame member 60 may be composed of three or more members. In this embodiment, the frame member 60 is composed of a single member including the wall portion 61 and the fixing portion 62.

[0071] The wall portion 61 is formed in a cylindrical shape that surrounds the outer circumferential surface 21 of the transparent member 20. In the radial direction, the wall portion 61 is positioned between the outer circumferential surface 21 of the transparent member 20 and the inner circumferential surface of the opening 19 of the glass member 10. The end face of the wall portion 61 on the Z1 direction side is exposed on the Z1 direction side (outside the vehicle) within the opening 19.

[0072] The fixing portion 62 is formed to protrude radially outward from the outer circumferential surface of the wall portion 61. The fixing portion 62 protrudes radially outward from the portion of the outer circumferential surface of the wall portion 61 on the Z2 direction side (the Z2 direction end face portion of the wall portion 61). The fixing portion 62 is provided around the entire circumference of the outer circumferential surface of the wall portion 61, in other words, it is ring-shaped (flange-shaped). However, it is not limited to this, and the fixing portion 62 may be provided only in a portion of the outer circumferential surface of the wall portion 61, and multiple fixing portions 62 provided in a portion of the surface may be arranged in the circumferential direction.

[0073] The fixing portion 62 extends from the outer peripheral surface of the wall portion 61 to radially outward from the inner peripheral surface of the opening 19 of the glass member 10. When the frame member 60 is attached to the glass member 10, the fixing portion 62 is positioned on the Z2 side relative to the Z2 side surface 10B of the glass member 10 (the surface 18B of the light-shielding layer 18 in the example of Figure 6), and overlaps with the surface 10B in the Z direction. That is, the Z1 side surface 62A of the fixing portion 62 faces the surface 10B and is bonded to the surface 10B via the adhesive layer 70.

[0074] The constituent material of the frame member 60 is not particularly limited. At least a portion of the frame member 60 may be made of resins such as ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) resin, AES (Acrylonitrile ethylene styrene) resin, rigid polyvinyl chloride (rigid PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). When the frame member 60 is made of a thermoplastic resin such as ABS, AES, or rigid polyvinyl chloride, a molding method such as injection molding can be applied. At least a portion of the frame member 60 may be formed from an elastomer such as ethylene propylene monomer (EPDM), flexible polyvinyl chloride (flexible PVC), thermoplastic polyvinyl elastomer (TPVC), thermoplastic polyethylene elastomer (TPE), thermoplastic polyamide elastomer (TPAE), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), vinylidene fluoride fluororubber (FKM), tetrafluoroethylene-purple vinyl ether fluororubber (FFKM), or silicone rubber. Here, FKM and FFKM are elastomers defined in ASTM:D1418. By using an elastomer as a constituent material of the frame member 60, the watertightness between the glass member 10 and the permeable member 20 can be improved.Furthermore, at least a portion of the frame member 60 may be formed from a fluororesin such as ETFE (Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene) or PFA (Perfluoroalkoxy alkanes). ETFE is a copolymer having units derived from ethylene and units derived from tetrafluoroethylene. ETFE may further contain units derived from a monomer having adhesive functional groups as a third component. PFA is a copolymer having units derived from tetrafluoroethylene and units derived from perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether). PFA may further contain units derived from a monomer having adhesive functional groups as a third component. ETFE and PFA are preferred as constituent materials for the frame member 60 due to their excellent moldability, and the adhesion is further improved by including an adhesive third component. As the monomer having adhesive functional groups, monomers having carboxyl groups, acid anhydride groups, or carboxylic acid halide groups are preferred, and unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydrides are more preferred. Examples of unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydrides include itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride (Hymic anhydride), and maleic anhydride. Monomers having adhesive functional groups may have one adhesive functional group alone or two or more. ETFE may optionally have units derived from ethylene, TFE, and other monomers other than monomers having adhesive functional groups. Examples of other monomers include fluoroolefins (excluding tetrafluoroethylene) and fluoro(alkyl vinyl ethers). PFA may optionally have units derived from TFE, perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ethers), and other monomers other than monomers having adhesive functional groups. Examples of other monomers include fluoroolefins (excluding tetrafluoroethylene). Furthermore, the frame member 60 is preferably black. This improves aesthetics.

[0075] In this embodiment, the step difference (distance in the Z direction) between the Z1-direction side surface of the frame member 60 and the surface 20A of the transparent member 20 is preferably 0.3 mm or less, more preferably 0.2 mm or less, more preferably 0.15 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.1 mm or less. The step difference (distance in the Z direction) between the Z1-direction side surface of the frame member 60 and the surface 10A of the glass member 10 is preferably 1.0 mm or less, more preferably 0.5 mm or less, more preferably 0.3 mm or less, even more preferably 0.15 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.1 mm or less. This makes it possible to suppress wear of the wiper when wiping the outer surface of the vehicle glass 1 with the wiper. The step difference can be measured, for example, by using a laser displacement meter (Keyence Corporation, inline profile measuring instrument: LJ-X8200) to irradiate a laser into the area enclosed by a line segment 10 mm radially inward from the inner peripheral edge of the Z1-side surface of the frame member 60 and a line segment 10 mm radially outward from the outer peripheral edge of the Z1-side surface of the frame member 60, and then measuring the step difference profile obtained.

[0076] (Far-infrared transmission region) Next, the far-infrared transmission region B will be described. As shown in Figure 2, the far-infrared transmission region B is formed near the upper edge 1a of the vehicle glass 1 in the Y direction and near the center of the vehicle glass 1 in the X direction. The opening 19 and the transmission member 20 are formed near the upper edge 1a of the vehicle glass 1 in the Y direction and near the center of the vehicle glass 1 in the X direction.

[0077] As shown in Figure 3, the transmissive member 20 of the far-infrared transmission region B has a length DA of the longest straight line connecting any two points in the plane on the Z1 side that is 80 mm or less. The length DA is preferably 70 mm or less, more preferably 65 mm or less, and even more preferably 50 mm or less. The length DA is preferably 25 mm or more, more preferably 30 mm or more, and even more preferably 35 mm or more. The opening 19 of the far-infrared transmission region B preferably has a length DB of the longest straight line connecting any two points in the plane on the Z1 side that is 84 mm or less. The length DB is more preferably 74 mm or less, even more preferably 69 mm or less, and even more preferably 54 mm or less. The length DB is preferably 29 mm or more, more preferably 34 mm or more, and even more preferably 39 mm or more. By setting the length DA of the transparent member 20 and the length DB of the opening 19 within this range, it is possible to maintain the image quality of the far-infrared camera CA1 while suppressing a decrease in the strength of the vehicle glass 1 and suppressing the amount of transparency distortion around the opening 19. Furthermore, considering the expansion of each material within the operating temperature range, appropriate lengths DA and DB are determined so that distortion does not occur. In addition, a gap may be provided in advance as a countermeasure against distortion due to expansion. If the shape of the Z1-side surface of the transparent member 20 is circular, lengths DA and DB correspond to the diameter of the Z1-side surface. Here, lengths DA and DB refer to the lengths of the vehicle glass 1 when it is mounted on the vehicle V. For example, if the glass is bent to form the shape for mounting on the vehicle V, lengths DA and DB will be the lengths after bending. The same applies to the explanation of dimensions and positions other than lengths DA and DB unless otherwise specified.

[0078] (Visible Light Transmission Region) Next, the visible light transmission region C will be described. As shown in Figure 2, it is preferable that the visible light transmission region C be located near the far-infrared transmission region B. Specifically, the center of the far-infrared transmission region B as viewed from the Z direction is defined as the center point OB, and the center of the visible light transmission region C as viewed from the Z direction is defined as the center point OC. If the shortest distance between the far-infrared transmission region B (aperture 19) and the visible light transmission region C as viewed from the Z direction is defined as distance L, then it is preferable that distance L is greater than 0 mm and 100 mm or less, and more preferably 10 mm or more and 80 mm or less. By positioning the visible light transmission region C within this range relative to the far-infrared transmission region B, it is possible to capture images at close range with the far-infrared camera CA1 and the visible light camera CA2, while suppressing the amount of transmission distortion in the visible light transmission region C, and enabling the visible light camera CA2 to capture images appropriately. By capturing images of nearby locations with the far-infrared camera CA1 and the visible-light camera CA2, the processing load on the data obtained from each camera is reduced, and the routing of power and signal cables is also optimized.

[0079] It is preferable that the visible light transmission region C and the far-infrared transmission region B are located side by side in the X direction. That is, it is preferable that the visible light transmission region C is not located on the Y-direction side of the far-infrared transmission region B, but is aligned with the far-infrared transmission region B in the X direction. By arranging the visible light transmission region C side by side with the far-infrared transmission region B in the X direction, the visible light transmission region C can be positioned near the upper edge 1a. Therefore, the driver's field of view in the light-transmitting region A1 can be appropriately secured.

[0080] Preferably, the visible light transmission region C is located near the upper edge 1a in the Y direction and near the far infrared transmission region B in the X direction, similar to the far infrared transmission region B. By positioning the visible light transmission region C in this location, it is possible to capture images of close positions with the far infrared camera CA1 and the visible light camera CA2, while suppressing the amount of transmission distortion in the visible light transmission region C, allowing the visible light camera CA2 to capture images appropriately.

[0081] (Camera Unit Configuration) Next, the configuration of the camera unit 100, more specifically, an example of the configuration when the far-infrared camera CA1 is attached to the vehicle glass 1, will be described. Figure 6 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration when the far-infrared camera is attached to the vehicle glass.

[0082] As shown in Figure 6, the far-infrared camera CA1 is mounted on the vehicle glass 1 so as to capture an external thermal image through the far-infrared transmission region B of the vehicle glass 1. The far-infrared camera CA1 is installed inside the vehicle V (inside the vehicle) at a position facing the far-infrared transmission region B. The type of far-infrared camera CA1 is not particularly limited, and any known far-infrared camera can be used. As shown in Figure 6, the far-infrared camera CA1 is mounted on the vehicle glass 1 by, for example, a bracket 120. The far-infrared camera CA1 is usually mounted so that the optical axis LX is approximately horizontal.

[0083] The visible light camera CA2 is mounted on the vehicle glass 1 so that it can capture images of the outside through the visible light transmission area C of the vehicle glass 1. The visible light camera CA2 is installed inside the vehicle V (inside the vehicle) at a position facing the visible light transmission area C. It is preferable that the visible light camera CA2 is mounted so that the optical axis LX of the far infrared camera CA1 and the optical axis of the visible light camera CA2 are approximately parallel. Approximately parallel is a concept that includes not only cases where these optical axes are perfectly parallel, but also cases where they are slightly deviated from parallel by an error margin. By doing so, the optical axis LX of the far infrared camera CA1 and the center of the field of view of the visible light camera CA2 almost coincide, which is preferable when combining images obtained from these cameras for information processing.

[0084] (Method for manufacturing vehicle glass) Next, a method for manufacturing vehicle glass 1 will be described. The vehicle glass 1 includes the steps of preparing a glass member 10, preparing a transparent member 20, and attaching the transparent member 20 to the glass member 10.

[0085] In the step of preparing the glass member 10, the glass member 10 on which the opening 19 will be formed is prepared. If the glass member 10 is laminated glass, the first glass substrate 12, the second glass substrate 14, the intermediate layer 16, and the light-shielding layer 18 may be laminated to form laminated glass, and then the opening 19 may be formed in the laminated glass. If the glass member 10 is curved, the opening 19 may be formed in a flat glass member 10 and then the glass member 10 may be curved, or the opening 19 may be formed in the glass member 10 after it has been curved.

[0086] In the step of preparing the permeable member 20, a substrate 30 is prepared, and a functional film 40 is formed on the surface of the substrate 30. In this embodiment, the functional film 40 is formed on the surface of the substrate 30 by sputtering. This manufactures the permeable member 20. Forming the functional film 40 by sputtering improves the adhesion of the film. However, the method of manufacturing the permeable member 20 is not limited to this. For example, the functional film 40 is not limited to being formed by sputtering, but may be formed by vapor deposition, for example. Since the functional film 40 is mainly composed of oxides, it is preferable that the formation method is not limited to vapor deposition and can be formed by various methods. In particular, forming it by sputtering improves productivity and the adhesion of the film. Alternatively, annealing may be performed in an atmospheric atmosphere at a temperature of 100°C to 300°C. When forming a film other than the functional film 40 (such as an adhesion layer described later) on the substrate 30, the same method as for forming the functional film 40 may be used.

[0087] In the step of attaching the transparent member 20 to the glass member 10, the transparent member 20 is placed in the opening 19 of the glass member 10 to obtain the vehicle glass 1. In this case, for example, the transparent member 20 may be fixed to a frame member 60, the frame member 60 with the transparent member 20 fixed to it may be inserted into the opening 19, and the fixing portion 62 of the frame member 60 and the surface 10B of the glass member 10 may be bonded together with an adhesive layer 70.

[0088] (Other examples) Next, other examples of this embodiment will be described.

[0089] (Another Example 1) Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transparent member according to another example. In the example of Figure 5, the functional film 40 had a two-layer structure consisting of an outermost layer 42 and a functional layer 44, but as shown in Figure 7, a hue adjustment layer may be provided between the outermost layer 42 and the functional layer 44. The hue adjustment layer will be described in detail below.

[0090] The hue adjustment layer is a layer that ensures aesthetic appeal by reducing the difference in reflectance (reflectance dispersion) for visible light of different wavelengths, thereby suppressing interference colors of the transmitting member 20. The hue adjustment layer is capable of transmitting far-infrared rays. The extinction coefficient of the hue adjustment layer for light with a wavelength of 10 μm is preferably 0.4 or less, more preferably 0.2 or less, and even more preferably 0.1 or less. When the extinction coefficient is within this range, far-infrared rays can be transmitted appropriately.

[0091] The structure of the hue adjustment layer may be arbitrary, but in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, the hue adjustment layer included in the functional film 40 includes a first layer 42a and a second layer 44a provided on the side of the first layer 42a away from the substrate 30 (the Z1 direction side of the first layer 42a if it is functional film 40A, and the Z2 direction side of the first layer 42a if it is functional film 40B).

[0092] In this embodiment, the first layer 42a is a layer made of the same material and properties as the outermost layer 42. In this embodiment, the second layer 44a is a layer made of the same material and properties as the functional layer 44. In this example, the hue adjustment layer is composed of two layers, the first layer 42a and the second layer 44a, but is not limited to this, and multiple layers of laminates of the first layer 42a and the second layer 44a may be laminated. Preferably, the hue adjustment layer is a layer in which the first layer 42a and the second layer 44a are laminated alternately in 2n (n is a natural number of 1 or more) layers from the substrate 30 side. However, the configuration of the hue adjustment layer is not limited to including a first layer 42a made of the same material as the outermost layer 42 and a second layer 44a made of the same material as the functional layer 44, and may be any configuration. That is, the hue adjustment layer may be a layer whose refractive index for light with a wavelength of 550 nm (visible light) is different from that of either the outermost layer 42 or the functional layer 44. The hue adjustment layer preferably has a refractive index of 2.2 to 2.5 for light with a wavelength of 550 nm (visible light), and more preferably 2.3 to 2.4. By having the refractive index of the hue adjustment layer for visible light within this range, it is possible to suppress the reflection and dispersion of visible light, making the transmissive member 20 less conspicuous.

[0093] (Another Example 2) Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transparent member according to another example 2. In the example of Figure 5, the functional film 40 was in direct contact with the substrate 30, but as shown in Figure 8, an adhesion layer 50 may be provided between the functional film 40 and the substrate 30. The configuration with an adhesion layer 50 can also be applied to the other example 1 described above. That is, the transparent member 20 may have an adhesion layer 50 and a hue adjustment layer.

[0094] In this example, an adhesive layer 50A, which is the exterior adhesive layer 50, is provided between the base material 30 and the exterior functional film 40A, and an adhesive layer 50B, which is the interior adhesive layer 50, is provided between the base material 30 and the exterior functional film 40B. However, the adhesive layer 50 may be provided on only one of the interior or exterior sides.

[0095] The adhesion layer 50 is a film that adheres the functional film 40 and the substrate 30 together; in other words, it is a film that improves the adhesive strength between the functional film 40 and the substrate 30. In this example, as shown in Figure 8, the adhesion layer 50 is provided between the functional layer 44 of the functional film 40 that is closest to the substrate 30 and the substrate 30, thereby adhering them to each other.

[0096] The adhesion layer 50 is ZrO ｘ , TiO ｘ , ZnO ｘ Al ｘ O ｙ , and Nb ｘ O ｙ The main component is at least one of the following (x and y are arbitrary positive numbers). The adhesion layer 50 is ZrO ｘ It is preferable that the main component be ZnO ｘ It is also preferable that the main component be the main component. Furthermore, it is preferable that the adhesion layer 50 is made of the main component alone, that is, with unavoidable impurities removed, and the content of the main component is 100% by mass. By containing such a main component, the adhesion layer 50 can appropriately transmit far-infrared rays and suppress the peeling of the functional film 40.

[0097] The adhesion layer 50 may contain auxiliary components other than the main component. Preferably, the auxiliary component is an oxide that transmits far-infrared rays, such as MgO. ｘ CuO ｘ NiO ｘ , and B ｘ O ｙ At least one of the following is an example.

[0098] The adhesion layer 50 is capable of transmitting far-infrared rays. Preferably, the adhesion layer 50 has an extinction coefficient of 0.4 or less for light with a wavelength of 10 μm, more preferably 0.2 or less, and even more preferably 0.1 or less. When the extinction coefficient is within this range, far-infrared rays can be transmitted appropriately.

[0099] (Effects) The vehicle glass 1 according to the first aspect of this disclosure comprises a glass member 10 having an opening 19 that penetrates from the surface 10A on the first direction (Z1 direction) side in the thickness direction to the surface 10B on the second direction (Z2 direction) side opposite to the first direction, and a transparent member 20 including a substrate 30 that transmits far-infrared rays and a functional film 40 provided on the substrate 30. The transparent member 20 has an average transmittance of 50% or more of light with a wavelength of 8 μm to 12 μm, the difference (reflectance difference) between the visible light reflectance Rv of the transparent member 20 and the visible light reflectance in the surrounding region AR, which is the part of the glass member 10 around the opening 19, is 7% or less, and the chromaticity difference between the transparent member 20 and the surrounding region AR, as shown by formula (3), is 7 or less. According to this disclosure, by having the average transmittance of light with wavelengths of 8 μm to 12 μm of the transparent member 20 be within the above range, far-infrared rays can be appropriately transmitted, and by having the reflectance difference and chromaticity difference be within the above range, the appearance of the transparent member 20 and the surrounding area AR can be harmonized, thereby appropriately ensuring aesthetic appeal.

[0100] The vehicle glass 1 according to the second aspect of this disclosure is the vehicle glass 1 according to the first aspect, wherein the outermost layer 42 located on the Z1 side of the functional film 40A has a Zr content ratio to B of 0.50 to 1.30 and a refractive index of 1.60 to 1.95 for light with a wavelength of 550 nm. According to this disclosure, by using such an outermost layer 42, the appearance of the transparent member 20 and the surrounding region AR can be harmonized, and the aesthetic appeal can be appropriately ensured.

[0101] The vehicle glass 1 according to the third aspect of this disclosure is the vehicle glass 1 according to the first or second aspect, wherein the outermost layer 42 located on the Z1 side of the functional film 40A has a Zr content ratio to Si of 0.50 or more and 1.30 or less, and a refractive index of 1.60 or more and 1.95 or less for light with a wavelength of 550 nm. According to this disclosure, by using such an outermost layer 42, the appearance of the transparent member 20 and the surrounding region AR can be harmonized, and the aesthetic appeal can be appropriately ensured.

[0102] The vehicle glass 1 according to the fourth aspect of this disclosure is the vehicle glass 1 according to any of the first to third aspects, wherein the outermost layer 42 located on the Z1 side of the functional film 40A has a B content ratio to Zr of 0.3 or more and 2.5 or less, and a refractive index of 1.60 or more and 1.95 or less for light with a wavelength of 550 nm. According to this disclosure, by using such an outermost layer 42, the appearance of the transparent member 20 and the surrounding region AR can be harmonized, and the aesthetic appeal can be appropriately ensured.

[0103] The vehicle glass 1 according to the fifth aspect of this disclosure is the vehicle glass 1 according to any of the second to fourth aspects, wherein the thickness of the outermost layer 42 is 30 nm or more and 200 nm or less. According to this disclosure, by using such an outermost layer 42, the appearance of the transparent member 20 and the surrounding area AR is harmonized, and the aesthetic appeal can be appropriately ensured.

[0104] The vehicle glass 1 according to the sixth aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the functional film 40A has an outermost layer 42 located on the Z1 side and a functional layer 44 provided on the Z2 side of the outermost layer 42. The functional layer 44 is NiO ｘ MgO ｘ , ZrO ｘ MgF ｘ The outermost layer 42 mainly consists of ZnS, Si, Ge, and at least one of diamond-like carbon. According to this disclosure, by using such an outermost layer 42, the appearance of the transparent member 20 and the surrounding region AR are harmonized, and the aesthetic appeal can be appropriately ensured.

[0105] The vehicle glass 1 according to the seventh aspect of this disclosure is a vehicle glass 1 according to any of the first to sixth aspects, wherein in the surrounding region AR of the glass member 10, a glass substrate and a light-shielding layer 18 that blocks visible light are laminated. According to this disclosure, the appearance of the transparent member 20 and the surrounding region AR are in harmony, and the aesthetic appeal can be appropriately ensured.

[0106] A method for manufacturing vehicle glass 1 according to the eighth aspect of this disclosure includes: preparing a glass member 10 having an opening 19 that penetrates from the surface 10A on the first direction side in the thickness direction to the surface 10B on the second direction side opposite to the first direction; preparing a transparent member 20 having a functional film 40 on a substrate 30 that transmits far infrared rays by sputtering; and obtaining vehicle glass 1 by arranging the transparent member 20 in the opening 19 of the glass member 10, wherein the transparent member 20 has an average transmittance of 50% or more of light with a wavelength of 8 μm to 12 μm, and the visible light reflectance Rv １ And the reflectance of visible light Rv in the surrounding region AR, which is the part around the opening 19 of the glass member 10. ２ The difference (reflectance difference) is 7% or less, and the chromaticity difference between the transparent member 20 and the surrounding area AR, as shown in formula (3), is 7 or less. According to this disclosure, far-infrared rays can be appropriately transmitted and aesthetic appeal can be appropriately ensured.

[0107] (Examples) Examples of the present disclosure are described below, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Tables 1 and 2 are tables showing the lamination configuration and evaluation results of the transparent members for each example.

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] (Reference Example) In the reference example, laminated glass with a light-shielding layer with a thickness of 4.7 mm was prepared to evaluate the AR in the surrounding area.

[0111] For the laminated glass example, the average transmittance of far-infrared rays (light with wavelengths of 8 μm to 12 μm), the reflectance Rv of visible light, and the chrominance L were determined by the method described in the above embodiment. ＊ , chromaticity a ＊ and b ＊ Measure Δa ＊ b ＊ The following was calculated. These results are shown in Table 1.

[0112] (Example 1) In Example 1, a 2 mm thick Si (FZ grade) was used as the substrate. Then, a NiO film (first layer: functional layer) and a ZrO film were applied to both sides of the substrate as functional films.２ Film (second layer: hue adjustment layer), NiO film (third layer: hue adjustment layer), ZrO ２ The films (fourth layer: outermost layer) were formed in this order by magnetron sputtering to obtain a transparent member. The thickness of each film is shown in Table 1. The substrate thickness was measured with a digital caliper (Mitutoyo Corporation, CD-15CX).

[0113] (Examples 2 to 6) In Examples 2 to 6, the permeable members were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the materials and thicknesses of each layer of the functional film were as shown in Table 1, and the data were measured.

[0114] (Examples 7-9) In Examples 7-9, the permeable members were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the materials and thicknesses of each layer of the functional film were as shown in Table 2, and the data were measured. In addition, in Examples 7-9, in addition to the measurements in Examples 1-6, Rutherford backscatter analysis (RBS method) and nuclear reaction analysis (NRA method) were used in combination according to the following procedure to determine the ZrBO of the functional film. ｘ The Zr / B content ratio to B in the film (fourth layer: outermost layer) was evaluated. This method allows for direct measurement of the composition with an error of approximately ±2%. Table 3 shows the measurement conditions for Rutherford backscatter analysis and nuclear reaction analysis. First, for the samples of Examples 7 to 9, assuming that the compositional distribution of Zr and B is uniform in the thickness direction, high-speed H2A was used. ＋ Ion-based nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) was performed, and ZrBO ｘ The surface density of B in the film was measured. Next, the samples of Examples 7 to 9 were subjected to high-speed He ＋＋ Ion-based Rutherford backscattering analysis (RBS) was performed, and the ZrBO obtained by Rutherford backscattering analysis (RBS) ｘ The surface density of B in the membrane was determined by nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) of ZrBO. ｘ ZrBO such that the surface density of B in the film is the same value. ｘThe composition of Zr and B in the thickness direction of the film (fourth layer: outermost layer) was measured. Here, the composition ratio of Zr to B, Zr / B, obtained by Rutherford backscattering analysis (RBS method), assuming that the composition distribution of Zr and B is uniform in the thickness direction, is given by ZrBO. ｘ The ratio of Zr to B in the membrane (fourth layer: outermost layer) was defined as (Zr / B). In Examples 7 to 9, the ratio of B to Zr (B / Zr) was the reciprocal of the ratio of Zr to B (Zr / B), which were 0.95, 1.87, and 1.46, respectively.

[0115]

[0116] (Evaluation) For each example, the far-infrared transmittance and design aesthetics were evaluated. In the evaluation of far-infrared transmittance, an average transmittance of 50% or more for far-infrared rays (light with wavelengths of 8 μm to 12 μm) was marked with a circle (○), and an average transmittance of less than 50% was marked with a cross (×). In the evaluation of design aesthetics, an example that harmonized well with the laminated glass of the reference example was marked with a circle (○), and an example that did not harmonize well was marked with a cross (×). In the examples 2-3 and 6-9, the average transmittance of far-infrared rays was 50% or more, the difference in reflectance with the reference example was 7% or less, and the difference in chromaticity with the reference example was 7 or less. As a result, both transmittance and design aesthetics were marked with a circle (○), indicating that both far-infrared transmittance and design aesthetics can be achieved. On the other hand, in the comparative examples 1 and 4-5, the design aesthetics evaluation was a cross (×), indicating that both far-infrared transmittance and design aesthetics cannot be achieved.

[0117] As an option, scratch resistance was also evaluated. For the evaluation of scratch resistance, a wiper test was conducted and the number of scratches formed by the wiper test was measured. Specifically, a wiper test was performed on the surface of the outermost layer (for example, the fourth layer in Example 1) under the following conditions, and then the sliding area where the wiper slid was observed in the dark field at a magnification of 350x using an optical microscope DSX500 (manufactured by OLYMPUS). In the dark field observation, the number of scratches in a region of 1.8 mm perpendicular to the sliding direction was measured. In the wiper test, a traverse-type abrasion tester was used to abrade the surface on the side furthest from the substrate (outermost side) under the test conditions shown below. A wiper rubber (genuine Toyota part, model number 85214-47170) was attached to the traverse-type abrasion tester, a dust solution was dropped between the wiper and the sample, and reciprocating friction was performed while applying a contact load to the wiper. The wiper width was set to 20 mm, the stroke width to 40 mm, the number of strokes to 2500 reciprocating motions, and the load to the equivalent of 50 g. The dust solution was prepared by mixing eight types of JIS test powder 1 with pure water in a mass ratio of 3:100, and 2 ml of the dust solution was dropped onto the sliding surface. The substrate was cleaned every 500 reciprocating motions, and the dust solution was dropped again, performing a total of 2500 reciprocating motions. A result of 9 or fewer scratches was marked as ○, and a result of 10 or more scratches was marked as ×.

[0118] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the embodiments are not limited to those described herein. Furthermore, the aforementioned components include those that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art, those that are substantially the same, and those that fall within the so-called equivalent range. Moreover, the aforementioned components can be combined as appropriate. Furthermore, various omissions, substitutions, or modifications of the components can be made without departing from the spirit of the embodiments described above.

[0119] 1. Vehicle glass 10. Glass component 19. Opening 20. Transparent component 30. Substrate 40. Functional film 42. Outermost layer 44. Functional layer AR (Area of ​​effect)

Claims

1. A glass member having an opening that penetrates from the surface on the first direction side in the thickness direction to the surface on the second direction side opposite to the first direction; a transmission member provided in the opening and including a base material that transmits far infrared rays and a functional film provided on the base material; The transmission member has an average transmittance of light with a wavelength of 8 μm to 12 μm of 50% or more, and the difference between the visible light reflectance of the transmission member and the visible light reflectance in the peripheral region which is a portion around the opening of the glass member is 7% or less. The chromaticity difference between the transmission member and the peripheral region represented by the following formula (3) is 7 or less. Vehicle glass. Chromaticity difference = ((a １ ＊ −a ２ ＊ )) ２ +(b １ ＊ −b ２ ＊ )) ２ )) ０．５ ・・・(3) a １ ＊ is the chromaticity a ＊ in the CIE-Lab color system of the transmission member, and a ２ ＊ is the chromaticity a ＊ in the CIE-Lab color system of the peripheral region, b １ ＊ is the chromaticity b ＊ in the CIE-Lab color system of the transmission member, and b ２ ＊ is the chromaticity b ＊ in the CIE-Lab color system of the peripheral region.

2. The outermost layer of the functional film located on the first direction side has a Zr content ratio to B of 0.50 or more and 1.30 or less, and a refractive index of 1.60 or more and 1.95 or less for light with a wavelength of 550 nm, as described in claim 1.

3. The outermost layer of the functional film located on the first direction side has a Zr content ratio to Si of 0.50 or more and 1.30 or less, and a refractive index of 1.60 or more and 1.95 or less for light with a wavelength of 550 nm, as described in claim 1.

4. The outermost layer of the functional film located on the first direction side has a B content ratio to Zr of 0.3 to 2.5 and a refractive index of 1.60 to 1.95 for light with a wavelength of 550 nm, as described in claim 1.

5. The vehicle glass according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the thickness of the outermost layer is 30 nm or more and 200 nm or less.

6. The functional film comprises an outermost layer located on the first direction side and a functional layer provided on the second direction side of the outermost layer, wherein the functional layer is NiO ｘ MgO ｘ , ZrO ｘ MgF ｘ A vehicle glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising at least one of ZnS, Si, Ge, and diamond-like carbon as its main components.

7. In the surrounding region of the glass member, a glass substrate and a light-shielding layer that blocks visible light are laminated together, as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

8. The present invention comprises: preparing a glass member having an opening formed in which an opening penetrates from the surface on the first direction side in the thickness direction to the surface on the second direction side opposite to the first direction; preparing a transparent member having a functional film formed on a substrate that transmits far infrared rays by sputtering, thereby providing the functional film on the substrate; and obtaining a vehicle glass by arranging the transparent member in the opening of the glass member, wherein the transparent member has an average transmittance of 50% or more of light with a wavelength of 8 μm to 12 μm, the difference between the reflectance of visible light of the transparent member and the reflectance of visible light in the surrounding region which is the part of the glass member surrounding the opening is 7% or less, and the Δa of any three points in the plane on the first direction side of the transparent member as shown by the following formula (3) ＊ b ＊ The average value Δa １ ＊ b １ ＊ and Δa of any three points in the plane on the first direction side in the surrounding region ＊ b ＊ The average value Δa ２ ＊ b ２ ＊ A method for manufacturing vehicle glass in which the chromaticity difference is 7 or less. Chromaticity difference = ((a １ ＊ -a ２ ＊ ) ２ + (b １ ＊ -b ２ ＊ ) ２ ) ０．５ ... (3) a １ ＊ This is the chromaticity a of the transparent member in the CIE-Lab color system. ＊ and a ２ ＊ This is the chromaticity a in the CIE-Lab color system of the surrounding region. ＊ b １ ＊ This is the chromaticity b of the transparent member in the CIE-Lab color system. ＊ b ２ ＊ This is the chromaticity b in the CIE-Lab color system of the surrounding region. ＊ That is the case.

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