Electrically heated reactor

Abstract

Disclosed is an electrically heated reactor. The electrically heated reactor comprises: a reaction tube unit which includes an inlet formed on one side and an outlet formed on the other side, and in which a passage through which a reactant passes is formed in the longitudinal direction; and a power source configured to provide power to the reaction tube unit and heat the reactant passing through the passage. The reaction tube unit may include: a first reaction tube having a first length; a second reaction tube that is connected to a second reaction tube in a straight line in the longitudinal direction and has a second length; a pair of first electrodes connecting the power source to both ends of the first reaction tube; and a pair of second electrodes connecting the power source to both ends of the second reaction tube, wherein the first electrodes and the second electrodes can be connected to the power source in parallel to each other.

Description

electric heating reactor

[0001] Cross-citation with related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0133311 filed September 30, 2024, and all contents disclosed in the document of said Korean patent application are incorporated herein as part of this specification.

[0003] The present invention relates to an electric heating reactor, and more specifically, to an electric heating reactor capable of optimally controlling the temperature within the reactor by utilizing electric heating technology.

[0004] In the chemical industry, natural gas is used as fuel to maintain high temperatures in various facilities (e.g., crackers, reformers, reactors, boilers, etc.). However, heating by the combustion of natural gas is not only inefficient in terms of energy consumption but is also a major contributor to carbon emissions. Therefore, efforts are being made to replace heating methods based on natural gas combustion with electric heating methods.

[0005] Furthermore, heating by combustion causes localized temperature variations due to heat transfer by radiation, and temperature gradients can occur depending on the structure and location of the heat source and reactor, potentially affecting reaction products. Therefore, there is a need for technology that can optimally control the temperature inside the reactor using electric heating techniques.

[0006] The matters described in this background technology section are written to enhance understanding of the background of the invention and may include matters that are not prior art already known to those skilled in the art to which this technology belongs.

[0007] An embodiment of the present invention aims to provide an electric heating reactor capable of optimally controlling the temperature within the reactor by utilizing electric heating technology.

[0008] An electric heating reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a reaction tube unit having an inlet formed on one side and an outlet formed on the other side, and a passage formed longitudinally for a reactant to pass through inside; and a power source configured to supply power to the reaction tube unit to heat the reactant passing through the passage. The reaction tube unit comprises a first reaction tube having a first length, a second reaction tube having a second length that is straightly connected to the second reaction tube in the longitudinal direction, a pair of first electrodes connected to both ends of the power source, and a pair of second electrodes connected to both ends of the second reaction tube. The first electrodes and the second electrodes may be connected to the power source in parallel with each other.

[0009] By adjusting the lengths of the first and second reaction tubes, a temperature gradient within the reaction tube unit can be set.

[0010] In one example, the length of the first reaction tube relatively close to the inlet may be longer than the length of the second reaction tube relatively close to the outlet so as to obtain a temperature gradient in which the temperature increases from the inlet to the outlet.

[0011] In another example, the length of the first reaction tube relatively close to the inlet may be shorter than the length of the second reaction tube relatively close to the outlet so as to obtain a temperature gradient in which the temperature decreases from the inlet to the outlet.

[0012] The reaction tube unit may further include an insulator disposed between adjacent first and second electrodes, between adjacent first electrodes and parts other than the first reaction tube of the reaction tube unit, and / or between adjacent second electrodes and parts other than the second reaction tube of the reaction tube unit.

[0013] A reaction tube unit includes three or more reaction tubes, including first and second reaction tubes, and a temperature gradient within the reaction tube unit can be set by adjusting the lengths of the three or more reaction tubes included in the reaction tube unit.

[0014] The reaction tube unit includes a plurality of reaction tube units, and the plurality of reaction tube units can be connected to a power source in parallel with each other.

[0015] In one example, the length and arrangement of multiple reaction tubes included in one reaction tube unit may be the same as the length and arrangement of multiple reaction tubes included in another reaction tube unit.

[0016] In another example, the length or arrangement of multiple reaction tubes included in one reaction tube unit may differ from the length or arrangement of multiple reaction tubes included in another reaction tube unit.

[0017] The above electric heating reactor may further include a cooler for cooling the pair of first and second electrodes.

[0018] In high-temperature catalytic / non-catalytic chemical reactions, implementing a temperature gradient suitable for the reaction mechanism can maximize product yield, improve catalyst life, and improve process time.

[0019] By controlling the temperature in sections according to exothermic and endothermic reactions, the occurrence of localized hot or cold spots can be prevented, thereby improving process efficiency.

[0020] Furthermore, other effects that can be obtained or predicted by the embodiments of the present invention will be disclosed directly or implicitly in the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention. That is, various effects predicted according to the embodiments of the present invention will be disclosed within the detailed description to be set forth below.

[0021] The embodiments of this specification may be better understood by referring to the following description in conjunction with the attached drawings, in which similar reference numerals refer to identical or functionally similar elements.

[0022] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an electric heating reactor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 illustrates one example of a strategy for controlling the temperature of the electric heating reactor of Figure 1.

[0024] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an electric heating reactor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 illustrates one example of a strategy for controlling the temperature of the electric heating reactor of Figure 3.

[0026] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an electric heating reactor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 illustrates one example of a strategy for controlling the temperature of the electric heating reactor of Figure 5.

[0028] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an electric heating reactor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] The drawings referenced above are not necessarily drawn to scale and should be understood as presenting somewhat simplified representations of various preferred features illustrating the basic principles of the present disclosure. For example, specific design features of the present disclosure, including specific dimensions, orientations, positions, and shapes, will be partially determined by specific intended applications and usage environments.

[0030] The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the invention. As used herein, singular forms are intended to include plural forms as well, unless explicitly otherwise indicated in the context. It will also be understood that the terms “include” and / or “include,” as used herein, specify the presence of the mentioned features, integers, steps, operations, components and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more of other features, integers, steps, operations, components, components and / or groups thereof. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any one or all combinations of the items listed in association.

[0031] Additionally, it is understood that one or more of the methods or aspects thereof described below may be executed by at least one controller. The term “controller” may refer to a hardware device comprising memory and a processor. The memory is configured to store program instructions, and the processor is specifically programmed to execute program instructions to perform one or more processes described in more detail below. The controller may control the operation of units, modules, components, devices, or similar things as described herein. Furthermore, it is understood that the methods below may be executed by a device comprising a controller together with one or more other components, as recognized by those skilled in the art.

[0032] Additionally, the controller of the present disclosure may be implemented as a non-transient computer-readable recording medium comprising executable program instructions executed by a processor. Examples of computer-readable recording media include, but are not limited to, ROM, RAM, Compact Disc (CD) ROM, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, flash drives, smart cards, and optical data storage devices. The computer-readable recording medium may also be distributed across a computer network so that program instructions can be stored and executed in a distributed manner, such as, for example, a telematics server or a Controller Area Network (CAN).

[0033] According to the present invention, an electric heating reactor comprises an inlet formed on one side and an outlet formed on the other side, at least one reaction tube unit having a passage formed longitudinally for a reactant to pass through inside, and a power source configured to supply power to the at least one reaction tube unit to heat the reactant passing through the passage. Each reaction tube unit comprises a first reaction tube having a first length and a passage formed longitudinally for a reactant to pass through inside, a second reaction tube having a second length and a passage formed longitudinally for a reactant to pass through inside, a pair of first electrodes connected to both ends of the power source, and a pair of second electrodes connected to both ends of the power source. The first reaction tube and the second reaction tube are arranged longitudinally and communicate with each other, and the first electrode and the second electrode may be connected to the power source in parallel.

[0034] When power is supplied to the reaction tube unit, the first and second reaction tubes, having different lengths, generate heat at different temperatures. Here, the number of reaction tubes is not limited to two. By arranging each of the multiple reaction tubes having different lengths in each of the multiple sections, the temperature of the reactor can be controlled section by section. For example, to increase the temperature of the reactor in the direction in which the reactants flow, the length of one reaction tube relatively close to the inlet is set to be longer than or equal to the length of another reaction tube relatively far from the inlet. In another example, a reaction tube with a relatively short length can be placed in a section where a cold spot is likely to occur in an endothermic reaction, or a reaction tube with a relatively long length can be placed in a section where a hot spot is likely to occur in an exothermic reaction. In this way, by adjusting the lengths of the multiple reaction tubes and electrically connecting them in parallel, a temperature gradient suitable for the reaction mechanism occurring in the reaction tube unit can be implemented. That is, the present invention can efficiently heat the temperature inside the reactor by utilizing electric heating technology. Accordingly, the product yield can be maximized, the catalyst life can be improved, and the process operating time can be improved.

[0035] In addition, the electric heating reactor further includes a cooler for cooling multiple pairs of electrodes. Thus, the stability of operation can be improved by suppressing the temperature rise of the electrodes.

[0036]

[0037] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0038] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an electric heating reactor according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 illustrates one example of a strategy for controlling the temperature of the electric heating reactor of FIG. 1.

[0039] As illustrated in FIG. 1, an electric heating reactor (10) according to the first embodiment of the present invention is configured to generate heat by receiving power and to heat a reactant inside using the generated heat. The electric heating reactor (10) includes a reaction tube unit (22) and a power source (40).

[0040] The reaction tube unit (22) has a passage formed in the longitudinal direction through which reactants pass inside. For example, the reaction tube unit (22) may be formed in the shape of a hollow circular pipe, with a passage formed in the longitudinal direction inside. However, the shape of the reaction tube unit (22) is not limited to a hollow circular pipe shape and may be a hollow polygonal pipe shape.

[0041] An inlet (24) is formed at one end of the reaction tube unit (22), and a supply line (not shown) is connected to the inlet (24). Reactants are supplied into the reaction tube unit (22) through the supply line and the inlet (24). An outlet (26) is formed at the other end of the reaction tube unit (22), and a discharge line (not shown) is connected to the outlet (26). Products that have been reacted and / or unreacted materials that have not been reacted are discharged through the outlet (26) to the discharge line after passing through the interior of the reaction tube unit (22).

[0042] The reaction tube unit (22) comprises at least two reaction tubes (20a, 20b) made of an alloy material having high resistivity (e.g., Ni-Cr, Fe-Cr, Fe-Ni-Cr, Fe-Cr-Al, etc.). Accordingly, when power is applied to the reaction tube unit (22), the reaction tube unit (22) generates heat due to the high resistivity of the at least two reaction tubes (20a, 20b), and the generated heat can be used to heat the reactant passing through the passage.

[0043] In the first embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the reaction tube unit (22) comprises first and second reaction tubes (20a, 20b) arranged in a row. The first reaction tube (20a) is provided at one end of the reaction tube unit (22) and has a first resistivity (ρ1) and a first length (L1). An inlet (24) is formed at one end of the first reaction tube (20a), and reactants are introduced into the reaction tube unit (22), specifically the first reaction tube (20a), through the inlet (24). The second reaction tube (20b) is provided at the other end of the reaction tube unit (22), and one end of the second reaction tube (20b) is connected to the other end of the first reaction tube (20a). The second reaction tube (20b) has a first resistivity (ρ1) and a second length (L2) that is equal to or different from the first length. An outlet (26) is formed at the other end of the second reaction tube (20b), and reactants that have completed the reaction and / or unreacted materials that have not completed the reaction are discharged from the reaction tube unit (22), particularly the second reaction tube (20b), through the outlet (26).

[0044] In one example, the first and second reaction tubes (20a, 20b) may be manufactured with the same material to have the same resistivity. In another example, the first and second reaction tubes (20a, 20b) may be manufactured with different materials to have the same resistivity. If the first and second reaction tubes (20a, 20b) have the same resistivity, the resistance of the first and second reaction tubes (20a, 20b) is determined according to the length of the first and second reaction tubes (20a, 20b). For example, if the length (L1) of the first reaction tube (20a) is shorter than the length (L2) of the second reaction tube (20b), the resistance (R1) of the first reaction tube (20a) is smaller than the resistance (R2) of the second reaction tube (20b). In contrast, if the length (L1) of the first reaction tube (20a) is longer than the length (L2) of the second reaction tube (20b), the resistance (R1) of the first reaction tube (20a) is greater than the resistance (R2) of the second reaction tube (20b).

[0045] The cross-sections of the first and second reaction tubes (20a, 20b) are identical to the cross-sections of the reaction tube unit (22). That is, the passage formed inside the first reaction tube (20a) has the same cross-section as the passage formed inside the second reaction tube (20b), and the passage formed inside the first reaction tube (20a) is connected to the passage formed inside the second reaction tube (20b). Accordingly, reactants introduced into the passage formed inside the first reaction tube (20a) through the inlet (24) react as they pass through the passages inside the reaction tube unit (22) in sequence and are discharged from the passage formed inside the second reaction tube (20b) through the outlet (26). Furthermore, since the passage formed inside the first reaction tube (20a) has the same cross-section as the passage formed inside the second reaction tube (20b), the flow resistance of the reactants passing through the passages inside the reaction tube unit (22) does not increase.

[0046] The first and second lengths (L1, L2) can be set according to the desired temperature gradient within the reaction tube unit (22). For example, as shown in FIG. 2, if a temperature gradient in which the temperature within the reaction tube unit (22) decreases in a curve from the inlet (24) to the outlet (26) is required (see solid line in FIG. 2), the first length (L1) is set shorter than the second length (L2). In this case, the temperature actually decreases in a step shape with increasing step length from the first reaction tube (20a) to the second reaction tube (20b) (see dotted line in FIG. 2). In another example, if a temperature gradient in which the temperature within the reaction tube unit (22) increases in a curve from the inlet (24) to the outlet (26) is required, the first length (L1) is set longer than the second length (L2). In this case, the temperature actually increases in a step shape with decreasing step length from the first reaction tube (20a) to the second reaction tube (20b).

[0047] The above reaction tube unit (22) further includes a pair of first electrodes (30a), a pair of second electrodes (30b), and an insulator (50).

[0048] A pair of first electrodes (30a) supply power from the power source (40) to the first reaction tube (20a) to cause the first reaction tube (20a) to generate heat. A pair of first electrodes (30a) are mounted on both ends of the first reaction tube (20a), and the power source (40) and both ends of the first reaction tube (20a) are electrically connected through a wire (42).

[0049] A pair of second electrodes (30b) supply power from the power source (40) to the second reaction tube (20b) to cause the second reaction tube (20b) to generate heat. A pair of second electrodes (30b) are mounted on both ends of the second reaction tube (20b), and the power source (40) and both ends of the second reaction tube (20b) are electrically connected through a wire (42).

[0050] Power from the same power source (40) is transmitted to the first and second reaction tubes (20a, 20b) through the first and second electrodes (30a, 30b), but since the first and second lengths (L1, L2) of the first and second reaction tubes (20a, 20b) are different from each other, the first and second reaction tubes (20a, 20b) heat up to different temperatures. Therefore, the temperatures of the first and second reaction tubes (20a, 20b) can be set differently through wiring with only one power source (40), and a desired temperature gradient can be obtained.

[0051] More specifically, the pair of second electrodes (30b) can be connected to a power source (40) in parallel with the pair of first electrodes (30a). If the voltage of the power source (40) is V, the amount of heat generated by the first reaction tube (20a) is related to V2 / R1, and the amount of heat generated by the second reaction tube (20b) is related to V2 / R2. As explained above, since the first length (L1) is set to be shorter than the second length (L2), the first resistance (R1) is smaller than the second resistance (R2), and accordingly, the amount of heat generated by the first reaction tube (20a) can be greater than the amount of heat generated by the second reaction tube (20b).

[0052] An insulator (50) is placed between adjacent first and second electrodes (30a, 30b), between adjacent first electrode (30a) and a part other than the first reaction tube (20a) of the reaction tube unit (22), and / or between adjacent second electrode (30b) and a part other than the second reaction tube (20b) of the reaction tube unit (22). The insulator (50) electrically insulates between the first reaction tube (20a) and a part other than the first reaction tube (20a) of the reaction tube unit (22) and / or between the second reaction tube (20b) and a part other than the second reaction tube (20b) of the reaction tube unit (22) to prevent a short circuit of the reaction tube unit (22).

[0053] Meanwhile, a cooler (not shown) may be provided at or near the first and second electrodes (30a, 30b) to cool the first and second electrodes (30a, 30b).

[0054] The power source (40) is configured to supply power to the reaction tube unit (22). The power source (40) may be an AC power source or a DC power source. The power source (40) is electrically connected to a pair of first electrodes (30a), electrically connected to a pair of second electrodes (30b), and connected in parallel to the pair of first electrodes (30a) and the pair of second electrodes (30b).

[0055] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an electric heating reactor according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 illustrates one example of a strategy for controlling the temperature of the electric heating reactor of FIG. 3.

[0056] As illustrated in FIG. 3, the electric heating reactor (10) according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a reaction tube unit (22) and a power source (40). Here, the electric heating reactor (10) according to the second embodiment of the present invention is identical to the electric heating reactor (10) according to the first embodiment of the present invention, except for the number of reaction tubes (20a, 20b, 20c) included in the reaction tube unit (22). Therefore, only the reaction tube unit (22) will be described.

[0057] The reaction tube unit (22) comprises first, second, and third reaction tubes (20a, 20b, 20c) arranged in a row. The first reaction tube (20a) is provided at one end of the reaction tube unit (22) and has a first resistivity (ρ1) and a first length (L1). An inlet (24) is formed at one end of the first reaction tube (20a), and reactants are introduced into the reaction tube unit (22), specifically the first reaction tube (20a), through the inlet (24). The second reaction tube (20b) is provided adjacent to the first reaction tube (20a), and one end of the second reaction tube (20b) is connected to the other end of the first reaction tube (20a). The second reaction tube (20b) has a first resistivity (ρ1) and a second length (L2) that is equal to or different from the first length. A third reaction tube (20c) is provided adjacent to a second reaction tube (20b), and one end of the third reaction tube (20c) is connected to the other end of the second reaction tube (20b). The third reaction tube (20c) has a first resistivity (ρ1) and a third length (L3) that is equal to or different from the first and second lengths. An outlet (26) is formed at the other end of the third reaction tube (20c), and reactants that have been reacted and / or unreacted materials that have not been reacted are discharged from the reaction tube unit (22), particularly the third reaction tube (20c), through the outlet (26).

[0058] The passage formed inside the first reaction tube (20a) is connected to the passage formed inside the second reaction tube (20b), and the passage formed inside the second reaction tube (20b) is connected to the passage formed inside the third reaction tube (20c). The passages formed inside the first, second, and third reaction tubes (20a, 20b, 20c) are identical to each other. Accordingly, the reactant introduced into the first reaction tube (20a) through the inlet (24) reacts while passing through the passage inside the reaction tube unit (22) and is discharged from the third reaction tube (20c) through the outlet (26). In addition, since the passages formed inside the first, second, and third reaction tubes (20a, 20b, 20c) are identical to each other, the flow resistance of the reactant passing through the passages does not increase.

[0059] The first, second, and third lengths (L1, L2, L3) can be set according to a desired temperature gradient within the reaction tube unit (22). For example, as shown in FIG. 4, if a temperature gradient is required in which the temperature within the reaction tube unit (22) decreases in a curve from the inlet (24) to the outlet (26) (see solid line in FIG. 4), the second length (L2) is set longer than the first length (L1), and the third length (L3) is set longer than the second length (L2). In this case, the temperature actually decreases in a step-like form with the length of the step gradually increasing from the first reaction tube (20a) to the third reaction tube (20c) (see dotted line in FIG. 4).

[0060] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an electric heating reactor according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 illustrates one example of a strategy for controlling the temperature of the electric heating reactor of FIG. 5.

[0061] As illustrated in FIG. 5, the electric heating reactor (10) according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes a reaction tube unit (22) and a power source (40). Here, the electric heating reactor (10) according to the third embodiment of the present invention is identical to the electric heating reactor (10) according to the second embodiment of the present invention, except for the first, second, and third lengths for creating a desired temperature gradient. Therefore, only the first, second, and third lengths for creating a desired temperature gradient will be described.

[0062] As shown in FIG. 6, if a temperature gradient (refer to the solid line in FIG. 6) is required in which the temperature decreases curvaturely from the first reaction tube (20a) to the second reaction tube (20b) and increases curvaturely from the second reaction tube (20b) to the third reaction tube (20c), the second length (L2) is set longer than the first and third lengths (L1, L3). In this case, in practice, the heat generated in the first, second, and third reaction tubes (20a, 20b, 20c) decreases in a stepwise manner as the length increases from the first reaction tube (20a) to the second reaction tube (20b) and increases in a stepwise manner as the length decreases from the second reaction tube (20b) to the third reaction tube (20c) (refer to the dotted line in FIG. 6).

[0063] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an electric heating reactor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] As shown in FIG. 7, the electric heating reactor (10) according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of reaction tube units (22) and a power source (40).

[0065] A plurality of reaction tube units (22) may include a plurality of reaction tubes, and each reaction tube may be connected to a power source (40) in parallel with one another. Additionally, the length and arrangement of the reaction tubes included in one reaction tube unit (22) may be the same as or different from the length and arrangement of the reaction tubes included in another reaction tube unit (22).

[0066] In this way, by connecting multiple reaction tube units (22) in parallel to a single power source (40), a single reaction can be carried out in large quantities or multiple reactions can be carried out using multiple reaction tube units (22).

[0067]

[0068] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and includes all modifications within the scope recognized as equivalent that can be easily made by those skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reaction tube unit comprising an inlet formed on one side and an outlet formed on the other side, with a passage formed longitudinally inside through which a reactant passes; and A power source configured to supply power to the reaction tube unit to heat the reactant passing through the above passage; Includes, The reaction tube unit is A first reaction tube having a first length, and A second reaction tube connected in a straight line in the longitudinal direction and having a second length, and A pair of first electrodes connecting the above power source to both ends of the first reaction tube, and A pair of second electrodes connecting the above power source to both ends of the second reaction tube Includes, An electric heating reactor in which the first electrode and the second electrode are connected to a power source in parallel.

2. In Paragraph 1, An electric heating reactor that sets a temperature gradient within a reaction tube unit by adjusting the lengths of the first and second reaction tubes.

3. In Paragraph 2, An electric heating reactor in which the length of the first reaction tube relatively close to the inlet is longer than the length of the second reaction tube relatively close to the outlet, so as to obtain a temperature gradient in which the temperature increases from the inlet to the outlet.

4. In Paragraph 2, An electric heating reactor in which the length of a first reaction tube relatively close to the inlet is shorter than the length of a second reaction tube relatively close to the outlet, so as to obtain a temperature gradient in which the temperature decreases from the inlet to the outlet.

5. In Paragraph 1, An electric heating reactor comprising an insulator disposed between adjacent first and second electrodes, between adjacent first electrodes and a non-first reaction tube portion of the reaction tube unit, and / or between adjacent second electrodes and a non-second reaction tube portion of the reaction tube unit.

6. In Paragraph 1, An electric heating reactor comprising three or more reaction tubes, including first and second reaction tubes, and setting a temperature gradient within the reaction tube unit by adjusting the lengths of the three or more reaction tubes included in the reaction tube unit.

7. In Paragraph 1, The reaction tube unit includes a plurality of reaction tube units, and The above plurality of reaction tube units are electric heating reactors connected to a power source in parallel with each other.

8. In Paragraph 7, An electric heating reactor in which the length and arrangement of multiple reaction tubes included in one reaction tube unit are the same as the length and arrangement of multiple reaction tubes included in another reaction tube unit.

9. In Paragraph 7, An electric heating reactor in which the length or arrangement of multiple reaction tubes included in one reaction tube unit is different from the length or arrangement of multiple reaction tubes included in another reaction tube unit.

10. In Paragraph 1, An electric heating reactor further comprising a cooler for cooling the above pair of first and second electrodes.

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