Wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt and wetsuit jacket

Abstract

A protective garment for water sports is disclosed. The protective garment may comprise a wetsuit, vest, life jacket or rash shirt and comprises a body portion with at least one permanently secured protective element and a zippered pocket on the back. A back protective element, insertable into the pocket, includes a flexible outer component of linked parts, an inner layer of perforated foam, and is fastened by rivets.

Description

[0001] WETSUIT, WETSUIT VEST, LIFE JACKET, RASH SHIRT AND WETSUIT JACKET FIELD OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

[0002] The present invention relates to a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, a life jacket, rash shirt, a wetsuit jacket, apparatus, a combination, a method of manufacturing a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket, and a method.

[0003] BACKGROUND

[0004] Wetsuits and life jackets are well known and are widely used in various water sports and activities. Wetsuits are typically made from neoprene and provide thermal insulation to the wearer and a degree of abrasion protection. Wetsuits are commonly used by surfers, divers and swimmers in order to maintain their body temperature in cold water conditions. Life jackets (also known as personal flotation devices (“PFDs”)) are also known and are designed to keep the wearer afloat in water. Life jackets are essential safety equipment for various activities such as sailing, rowing, canoeing and jet skiing. Life jackets are typically made from buoyant materials such as foam and are primarily designed to keep the wearer’s head above water thereby reducing the risk of drowning.

[0005] Known wetsuits provide limited protection against impacts and abrasions and are primarily concerned with maintaining the body temperature of the wearer. Equally, known life jackets are primarily concerned with buoyancy.

[0006] It is desired to provide an improved wetsuit and / or an improved life jacket.

[0007] SUMMARY

[0008] According to an aspect there is provided a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket comprising a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the body portion comprises: one or more first protective elements, wherein the one or more first protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the body portion; a zippered pocket, pouch or compartment located on the back of the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket or wetsuit jacket; and a back protective element configured so as to be insertable into the zippered pocket, pouch or compartment; wherein the back protective element comprises: an outer component comprising a plurality of linked or interconnected first components, wherein the plurality of linked or interconnected first components are flexible or movable relative to each other; an inner component comprising one or more layers of perforated foam; and one or more rivets which fasten the outer component to the inner component.

[0009] US 2011 / 0277226 discloses apparel incorporating a protective element. However, US 2011 / 0277226 does not disclose a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket having a zippered pocket, pouch or compartment located on the back of the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket. Furthermore, US 2011 / 0277226 does not disclose providing a three-part back protective element which can be inserted into a zippered pocket, pouch or compartment located on the back and wherein the three-part protective element comprises: (i) an outer component comprising a plurality of linked or interconnected first components, wherein the plurality of linked or interconnected first components are flexible or movable relative to each other; (ii) an inner component comprising one or more layers of perforated foam; and (iii) one or more rivets which fasten the outer component to the inner component.

[0010] It will be apparent that a removable three-part back protective element according to various embodiments which is insertable into a zippered pocket, pouch or compartment provided on the rear of the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket is particularly advantageous compared to the arrangement disclosed in US 2011 / 0277226 since it aids a wearer to put on the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket or wetsuit jacket. Furthermore, the design of the three-part back protective element provides a high degree of protection to the wearer whilst also maximising manoeuvrability and flexibility of the wearer.

[0011] WO 2022 / 226585 discloses a wetsuit assembly wherein an armour-like layer of rings may be interlinked together to form a mesh which may be of such a size as to assist in reducing the likelihood of a shark tooth penetrating the mesh.

[0012] It will be understood that the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket according to various embodiments includes first and second protective elements in order to protect a user from abrasion and impacts whilst undertaking water sports activities not to protect against shark attack. The first and second protective elements according to various embodiments are not designed to resist shark bites but instead are intended to provide a high degree of abrasion and impact protection to the wearer whilst also maximising manoeuvrability and flexibility of the wearer during water sport activities. Furthermore, WO 2022 / 226585 does not disclose a back protective element comprising three-parts: (i) an outer component comprising a plurality of linked or interconnected first components, wherein the plurality of linked or interconnected first components are flexible or movable relative to each other; (ii) an inner component comprising one or more layers of perforated foam; and (iii) one or more rivets which fasten the outer component to the inner component. The arrangement according to various embodiments provides greater abrasion and impact protection to a water sport user than the arrangement disclosed in WO 2022 / 226585. Furthermore, the arrangement according to various embodiments affords a user improved manoeuvrability and flexibility during water sport activities compared to the arrangement disclosed in WO 2022 / 226585.

[0013] WO 2019 / 144197 discloses personal protective equipment garments for cricket wherein protection is provided on the parts of the body which are most exposed to the risk of high impact energies during e.g. batting and wicket keeping. Accordingly, the areas which are protected according to WO 2019 / 144197 are all on the front of the body as these are the areas which are most likely to suffer the impact from a cricket ball whilst batting. There is no disclosure in WO 2019 / 144197 of providing a three-part back protective element which can be inserted into a zippered pocket, pouch or compartment located on the back and wherein the three-part protective element comprises: (i) an outer component comprising a plurality of linked or interconnected first components, wherein the plurality of linked or interconnected first components are flexible or movable relative to each other; (ii) an inner component comprising one or more layers of perforated foam; and (iii) one or more rivets which fasten the outer component to the inner component.

[0014] According to an aspect there is provided a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket comprising a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the body portion comprises: one or more first protective elements, wherein the one or more first protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the body portion; wherein the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket further comprises: one or more first attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements.

[0015] One problem with known wetsuits and life jackets is that they only provide a limited degree of impact protection to a wearer because impact protection is not their primary purpose. It will be understood that wetsuits are primarily designed to thermally insulate a wearer and life jackets are primarily designed to provide buoyancy to the wearer. It will be understood that conventional wetsuits and life jackets are not therefore primarily concerned with providing impact protection to a wearer.

[0016] In contrast to known wetsuits and life jackets, according to various embodiments of the present invention a wetsuit, a wetsuit vest, a life jacket, rash shirt and a wetsuit jacket are provided which include one or more permanent protective elements and one or more removable protective elements which together provide impact protection to the wearer. A wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket according to various embodiments is particularly beneficial in that the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket comprises both permanent and also attachable or insertable (and hence removable) protective elements which are designed to provide impact protection to a wearer.

[0017] Furthermore, another problem with conventional wetsuits and life jackets is that they can be hard for a wearer to put on. With this in mind, a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket according to various embodiments is particularly advantageous in that it comprises a combination of both permanently attached (i.e. fixed) protective elements and also one or more removable protective elements. This is beneficial with regards aiding a wearer putting on the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket or wetsuit jacket.

[0018] It will be understood that a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket which had a high degree of impact protection wherein the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket comprised a plurality of fixed or permanent protective elements such as one or more back protective elements, one or more chest protective elements, one or more side protective elements, one or more hip protective elements, one or more knee protective elements and / or one or more shin protective elements might be difficult to put on and take off. Therefore, according to various embodiments a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket is provided which has some permanently attached protective elements which are located on certain positions on the body portion and which do not substantially impede a wearer putting on (or taking off) the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket together with other removable protective elements. Once a wearer has put on the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket, then a wearer can then attach or insert themself one or more further removable protective elements onto or into the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket. Alternatively, a wearer can ask another person to attach or insert one or more attachable or insertable protective elements and in particular a protective element such as a back protective element which a wearer may find difficult to attach or insert by themself having put on the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket. According to various embodiments a wearer may put on a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket which has, for example, permanent chest protective elements and once the wearer has put on the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket then a back protective element may be attached or inserted in order to provide additional impact protection to the wearer (or vice versa).

[0019] It will also be understood that providing a combination of permanent and removable protective elements is advantageous in terms of having a modular arrangement. In particular, some protective elements can be customised either for a particular wearer and / or for a particular activity. For example, a wearer may wish to have thicker or a higher degree of impact protection for particularly hazardous water sport activities which may result in a slight loss of manoeuvrability or flexibility whereas for a lower risk water sport activity a wearer may wish to utilise thinner or a lower degree of impact protection in order to maximise manoeuvrability and the flexibility of the wearer.

[0020] Also, it will be understood that some protective elements may get worn out or damaged and in particular protective elements may get worn out at different rates. Accordingly, one of the benefits of having removable protective elements is that they can be replaced easily without needing to replace the whole wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket. Furthermore, the removable protective elements according to various embodiments can be customised for different size wearers. For example, according to various embodiments at least some of the protective elements may be provided in different sizes such as small, medium and large. Equally, due to different body shapes and different body types including differences between men and women then at least some of the protective elements, especially the hip protective elements, may be provided, for example, in male and female variants.

[0021] In general terms the present invention addresses various issues with known wetsuits and life jackets. A wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket according to various embodiments is particularly versatile, wearer-friendly and adaptable in respect of different water-based activities. One significant problem with known wetsuits and life jackets is they have a rigid or fixed design which can also make it difficult to put on and take off. The approach according to various embodiments and in particular the utilisation of a combination of permanently attached and attachable or insertable (i.e. removable) protective elements provides a solution to such a problem.

[0022] According to various embodiments permanently attached protective elements may be incorporated into a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket or wetsuit jacket. For example, according to various embodiments one or more protective elements may be provided in or on a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket in locations which do not obstruct the putting on (or taking off) of the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket or wetsuit jacket. In particular, according to various embodiments wearers can easily put on a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket according to various embodiments and hence a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket is provided which provides a high degree of impact protection but which also does not require any undue time or effort in order to put on or take off. Accordingly, a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket according to various embodiments is particularly suited to water sport activities where, for example, both impact protection and a speedy change of clothing or swimwear (or the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket itself) may be advantageous. For example, a wetsuit or wetsuit jacket according to various embodiments might be worn by a triathlete for a swimming stage of a competition and it will be appreciated that the athlete will want to both change into the wetsuit or wetsuit jacket and also change out of the wetsuit or wetsuit jacket in the shortest time possible because of the race nature of the event. Additionally, the modular design according to various embodiments with attachable or insertable protective elements provides a level of customisability which is not found in conventional wetsuits or life jackets. Wearers can tailor the protection according to the specific activity or their comfort preferences. For example, if a wearer is undertaking a more hazardous activity then the wearer may select thicker and / or more extensive protection i.e. safety may be paramount over flexibility. Conversely, for low-risk activities then a wearer may select thinner and / or less extensive protective elements in a desire to maximise manoeuvrability and comfort whilst also not neglecting impact protection. It will be apparent that this adaptability makes a wet suit, wetsuit vest, life jacket or wetsuit jacket according to various embodiments suitable for a wide range of water sports and other activities, and also a wide range of skill levels. Furthermore, the wearer is afforded the opportunity to select a desired balance between safety and performance.

[0023] It is also recognised that a wearer may wish to alter a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as their skill level at a particular sport changes. For example, a younger person may see their skill level, ability and desire to take risk increase with age. Conversely, an older person may see their skill level, ability and desire to take risk decline with age. For example, a beginner at a water sport may wish to have a higher degree of impact protection and may wish to have full body protection on account that they may be making repeated falls into the water. However, as their experience and skill level increase then they may wish to have a lower degree of impact protection so as to benefit from greater manoeuvrability. As another example, a person may become less risk adverse with age and may wish to have a higher degree of protection as they get older and seek a different manner of enjoyment from the sport.

[0024] Equally, the reverse may be true i.e. as a wearer becomes more skilled in their sport then they may attempt to perform more challenging manoeuvres at higher speeds and in more challenging conditions. According, whilst a wearer starting out in a sport may be content with a relatively low level of impact protection, as the wearer progresses and becomes more experienced and is prepared to take a higher level of risk then they may require a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket which has a relatively higher level of impact protection.

[0025] The option to insert protective elements after putting on the wetsuit or life jacket also offers an added layer of convenience. It will be understood that wearers can insert one or more removable protective elements themselves prior to putting on the wetsuit or life jacket if they do not have anyone to assist them. Alternatively, if a wearer has someone to assist them then the wearer can put on the wetsuit or life jacket then get another person to help them attach or insert one or more protective elements. For example, it will be understood that it may be difficult for a wearer to insert a back protective element once a wearer has put on a wetsuit or life jacket.

[0026] The wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt and wetsuit jacket according to various embodiments also addresses the problem of wear and tear commonly associated with water sport activities. It will be understood that protective elements, particularly those subjected to frequent impacts or harsh environments, may become damaged or degraded overtime. The inclusion of removable protective elements means that removable protective elements can be easily replaced without the need to discard the entire wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket. This not only extends the lifespan of the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket but also makes it a more cost-effective and environmentally sustainable option, as wearers can simply swap out worn or damaged protective elements rather than needing to invest in a completely new wetsuit, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket.

[0027] Overall, a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket according to various embodiments addresses various problems associated with conventional wetsuits and life jackets such as their rigidity, lack of customisation and replacement difficulty. By contrast, by providing a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket which comprises a combination of both permanently attached and also removable protective elements, wearers can enjoy a tailored level of protection, enhanced ease of use, and the ability to maintain their gear over time. It will be appreciated that a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket according to various embodiments is more adaptable than conventional wetsuits or life jackets.

[0028] Wetsuits, life jackets, and similar water sports apparel have long been designed with specific functionalities in mind, such as thermal insulation, buoyancy, and abrasion resistance. However, these conventional designs exhibit significant limitations when addressing the need for comprehensive impact protection. Traditional wetsuits, for instance, are primarily focused on maintaining body temperature and offer minimal protection against impacts or abrasions, leaving wearers vulnerable during high-risk water sports activities. Similarly, life jackets are predominantly designed to ensure buoyancy and keep the wearer afloat, with limited consideration for impact resistance or modular adaptability. These limitations are particularly problematic in activities such as surfing, wakeboarding, or jet skiing, where the risk of collisions, falls, and impacts with equipment or underwater obstacles is high.

[0029] Existing solutions, such as those disclosed in US 2011 / 0277226 and WO 2022 / 226585, attempt to incorporate protective elements into apparel but fail to address the specific needs of water sports users comprehensively. For example, US 2011 / 0277226 describes apparel with protective elements but does not provide for modular or removable back protection integrated into a wetsuit or life jacket. Similarly, WO 2022 / 226585 focuses on shark-resistant mesh designs, which are not optimised for impact protection or wearer flexibility. These prior approaches lack the adaptability, modularity, and ergonomic design required to balance protection, comfort, and manoeuvrability.

[0030] The present disclosure addresses these shortcomings by introducing a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt, or wetsuit jacket that combines permanently secured protective elements with removable and customisable protective components. This modular design enables wearers to adjust their level of protection based on the specific activity, risk level, or personal preference. For example, the inclusion of a zippered pocket or compartment on the back of the garment facilitates the insertion of a three-part back protective element, comprising a flexible outer shell, perforated foam layers, and riveted construction for durability. This design not only enhances impact resistance but also ensures flexibility and ease of movement, which is particularly important for dynamic water sports.

[0031] Furthermore, the described system incorporates protective elements in specific areas such as the chest, hips, knees, and shins, with options for both permanent and removable configurations. This modularity allows for straightforward replacement of worn or damaged components, extending the lifespan of the garment and reducing environmental waste. The use of advanced materials, such as polypropylene for rigid outer shells and EVA foam for shock absorption, provides a significant level of protection without compromising comfort or mobility. Additionally, the design promotes ease of use, enabling wearers to put on the garment with minimal effort and attach or insert protective elements after wearing, if required.

[0032] In summary, the described concept provides a versatile, modular, and user- friendly solution that addresses the limitations of conventional wetsuits and life jackets. By integrating both fixed and removable protective elements, the described system offers a significant level of customisation, enhanced impact protection, and improved wearability, making the solution particularly suited for a wide range of water-based activities and user preferences.

[0033] According to various embodiments the one or more first attachment or insertion portions may comprise one or more pockets, pouches or compartments into which one or more second removable protective elements may be inserted in use.

[0034] The one or more first attachment or insertion portions may comprise one or more hook-and-loop fastening mechanisms configured to attach to one or more second removable protective elements in use. The one or more first attachment or insertion portions may comprise one or more clips, hooks, buckles, magnets or fastening devices configured to secure to one or more second removable protective elements in use.

[0035] The body portion may comprise an innermost surface which is closest to the body of a wearer in use and an outermost surface, wherein the one or more first attachment or insertion portions are provided on the innermost surface and / or on the outermost surface.

[0036] The body portion may comprise at least one chest portion having one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

[0037] The body portion may comprise at least one back portion having one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

[0038] The body portion may comprise at least one upper hip portion having one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

[0039] The body portion may comprise at least one lower hip portion having one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

[0040] The body portion may comprise at least one knee portion having one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

[0041] The body portion may comprise at least one shin portion having one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

[0042] The body portion may comprise at least one shoulder portion having one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

[0043] The body portion may comprise at least one elbow portion having one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

[0044] The body portion may comprise a front portion which lies adjacent a chest of a wearer in use and a rear portion which lies adjacent a back of the wearer in use, wherein the front portion and / or the rear portion may comprise one or more opening and fastening mechanisms to facilitate a wearer putting on and / or taking off the wetsuit or life jacket in use.

[0045] The body portion may comprise one or more shoulder portions which lie adjacent a shoulder of a wearer in use, wherein the one or more shoulder portions may comprise one or more opening and fastening mechanisms to facilitate a wearer putting on and / or taking off the wetsuit or life jacket in use.

[0046] The body portion may comprise one or more side portions which lie adjacent a side of a wearer in use, wherein the one or more side portions may comprise one or more opening and fastening mechanisms to facilitate a wearer putting on and / or taking off the wetsuit or life jacket in use.

[0047] The body portion may comprise one or more arm portions which lie adjacent an arm of a wearer in use, wherein the one or more arm portions may comprise one or more opening and fastening mechanisms to facilitate a wearer putting on and / or taking off the wetsuit or life jacket in use.

[0048] The body portion may comprise one or more leg portions which lie adjacent a leg of a wearer in use, wherein the one or more leg portions comprise one or more opening and fastening mechanisms to facilitate a wearer putting on and / or taking off the wetsuit or life jacket in use.

[0049] The opening and fastening mechanism according to various embodiments may comprise one or more zips or zippers, one or more buttons or poppers, one or more magnets, or one or more hook-and-loop fastening mechanisms.

[0050] The one or more first protective elements may be permanently attached to the body portion by stitching, an adhesive, ultrasonic welding, heating, welding or a permanent locking mechanism.

[0051] The body portion may further comprise one or more adjustable straps which may enable at least a portion of the body portion to be tightened, loosened or otherwise adjusted.

[0052] The one or more first protective elements may comprise polypropylene (“PU”), carbon fibre, KEVLAR (RTM), neoprene, polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate, elastomeric foam, silicone gel, thermoplastic polyurethane, polycarbonate, rubber or an impact-resistant plastic.

[0053] The one or more first protective elements may have a maximum thickness of < 2 mm, 2-4 mm, 4-6 mm, 6-8 mm, 8-10 mm, 10-15 mm, 15-20 mm, 20-25 mm, 25-30 mm, 30-35 mm, 35-40 mm, 40-45 mm, 45-50 mm, 50-55 mm, 55-60 mm, 60-65 mm, 65-70 mm, 70-75 mm, 75-80 mm, 80-85 mm, 85-90 mm, 90-95 mm, 95-100 mm or > 100 mm.

[0054] The one or more first protective elements may be rigid. Alternatively, the one or more first protective elements may be deformable. According to various embodiments the one or more first protective elements may comprise a plurality of linked or interconnected first components, wherein either: (i) the plurality of linked or interconnected first components are flexible or movable relative to each other; or (ii) the plurality of linked or interconnected first components are rigidly linked or interconnected to prevent relative movement.

[0055] According to another aspect there is provided apparatus comprising: a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as described above; and one or more second removable protective elements for attaching to or inserting into the one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

[0056] According to various embodiments the one or more second removable protective elements may comprise polypropylene (“PU”), carbon fibre, KEVLAR (RTM), neoprene, polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate, elastomeric foam, silicone gel, thermoplastic polyurethane, polycarbonate, rubber or an impact-resistant plastic.

[0057] The one or more second removable protective elements may have a maximum thickness of < 2 mm, 2-4 mm, 4-6 mm, 6-8 mm, 8-10 mm, 10-15 mm, 15-20 mm, 20-25 mm, 25-30 mm, 30-35 mm, 35-40 mm, 40-45 mm, 45-50 mm, 50-55 mm, 55-60 mm, 60- 65 mm, 65-70 mm, 70-75 mm, 75-80 mm, 80-85 mm, 85-90 mm, 90-95 mm, 95-100 mm or > 100 mm.

[0058] According to various embodiments the one or more second removable protective elements may be rigid. According to other embodiments the one or more second removable protective elements may be deformable.

[0059] The one or more second removable protective elements may comprise a plurality of linked or interconnected first components, wherein either: (i) the plurality of linked or interconnected first components are flexible or movable relative to each other; or (ii) the plurality of linked or interconnected first components are rigidly linked or interconnected to prevent relative movement.

[0060] According to another aspect there is provided a combination comprising: a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket, wherein the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket comprises a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the body portion comprises: (i) one or more first protective elements, wherein the one or more first protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the body portion and wherein the one or more first protective elements comprise polypropylene (“PU”), carbon fibre, KEVLAR (RTM), neoprene, polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate, silicone gel, thermoplastic polyurethane, polycarbonate, rubber or an impact-resistant plastic; and (ii) one or more first attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements; and one or more second removable protective elements for attaching to or inserting into the one or more first attachment or insertion portions, wherein the one or more second removable protective elements comprise polypropylene (“PU”), carbon fibre, KEVLAR (RTM), neoprene, polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate, silicone gel, thermoplastic polyurethane, polycarbonate, rubber or an impact-resistant plastic.

[0061] According to another aspect there is provided a method of manufacturing a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket comprising: forming a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer; fixedly attaching or permanently securing to the body portion one or more first protective elements; and forming on the body portion one or more first attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements.

[0062] According to another aspect there is provided a method comprising: providing a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket comprising a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the body portion comprises: (i) one or more one or more first protective elements, wherein the one or more first protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the body portion; and (ii) one or more first attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements; and attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements to or into the one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

[0063] According to another aspect there is provided apparatus comprising: a wetsuit comprising a first body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the first body portion comprises one or more first protective elements, wherein the one or more first protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the first body portion, and wherein the wetsuit further comprises one or more first attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements; and / or a life jacket comprising a second body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the second body portion comprises one or more third protective elements, wherein the one or more third protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the second body portion, and wherein the life jacket further comprises one or more second attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more fourth removable protective elements; and / or a wetsuit jacket comprising a third body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the third body portion comprises one or more fifth protective elements, wherein the one or more fifth protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the third body portion, and wherein the wetsuit jacket further comprises one or more third attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more sixth removable protective elements; and / or a rash shirt comprising a fourth body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the fourth body portion comprises one or more seventh protective elements, wherein the one or more seventh protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the fourth body portion, and wherein the rash shirt further comprises one or more fourth attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more eighth removable protective elements.

[0064] The apparatus may further comprise: one or more second removable protective elements for attaching to or inserting into the one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

[0065] The apparatus may further comprise: one or more fourth removable protective elements for attaching to or inserting into the one or more second attachment or insertion portions.

[0066] The apparatus may further comprise: one or more sixth removable protective elements for attaching to or inserting into the one or more third attachment or insertion portions.

[0067] According to another aspect there is provided a wetsuit jacket comprising a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the body portion comprises: one or more shoulder protective elements; and one or more elbow protective elements; wherein at least some of the one or more shoulder protective elements and / or the one or more elbow protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the first body portion; and wherein the wetsuit jacket further comprises one or more first attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements.

[0068] According to various embodiments a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket is provided with integrated protective elements. These protective elements can be either removable or permanently secured to the garment, thereby offering flexibility and enhanced safety for the wearer. Various embodiments seek to improve the overall safety and functionality of wetsuits, wetsuit vests, life jackets, rash shirts and wetsuit jackets making them suitable for a wider range of water activities. According to an aspect there is provided a wetsuit vest or rash shirt comprising a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the body portion comprises a front portion and a rear portion, wherein: the front portion comprises one or more chest protective elements, wherein the one or more chest protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the front portion; and the rear portion comprises one or more first attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more back removable protective elements.

[0069] According to an aspect there is provided a wetsuit vest or rash shirt comprising a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the body portion comprises a front portion and a rear portion, wherein: the front portion comprises one or more first attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more removable chest protective elements; and the rear portion comprises one or more back protective elements, wherein the one or more back protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the rear portion.

[0070] According to an aspect there is provided a combination comprising: a wetsuit vest or rash shirt having a first body portion, one or more chest protective elements and one or more back protective elements, wherein at least some of the protective elements are permanently attached to the first body portion and at least some of the protective elements are removably attachable to the first body portion; a wetsuit having a second body portion, one or more hip protective elements and / or one or more knee protective elements and / or one or more shin protective elements, wherein at least some of the protective elements are permanently attached to the second body portion and at least some of the protective elements are removably attachable to the second body portion; and a life jacket having a third body portion.

[0071] Preferably, the wetsuit vest or rash shirt is wearable over the wetsuit and under the life jacket.

[0072] Preferably, the life jacket is wearable over the wetsuit or rash shirt, and wherein the wetsuit vest is wearable over the life jacket.

[0073] According to an embodiment there is provided a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket comprising a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the body portion comprises one or more protective elements, wherein at least one of the protective elements is configured to be removable and replaceable independently of the remainder of the garment. According to an embodiment there is provided a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket wherein at least one protective element is customisable in terms of material composition, thickness or shape to suit the requirements of a particular wearer or activity.

[0074] According to an embodiment there is provided a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket wherein the body portion comprises a plurality of attachment or insertion portions located at different regions of the garment, each configured to receive a corresponding protective element.

[0075] According to an embodiment there is provided a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket wherein at least one protective element comprises a multilayered structure including a rigid outer shell and a shock-absorbing inner layer.

[0076] According to an embodiment there is provided a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket wherein at least one protective element is provided in a plurality of sizes or shapes to accommodate different body types, including male and female variants.

[0077] According to an embodiment there is provided a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket wherein at least one protective element is fabricated from a transparent or translucent material.

[0078] According to an embodiment there is provided a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket wherein at least one protective element is provided with ventilation features, such as perforations or mesh, to enhance breathability and comfort.

[0079] According to an embodiment there is provided a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket wherein the garment further comprises one or more fastening mechanisms selected from the group consisting of zippers, hook-and-loop fasteners, buttons, poppers, magnets, clips, hooks or buckles, for securing the garment or the protective elements.

[0080] According to an embodiment there is provided a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket wherein the garment is provided with one or more adjustable straps for modifying the fit of the garment to the wearer.

[0081] A wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket wherein the garment is configured such that at least one protective element may be attached or inserted before and / or after the garment has been put on by the wearer.

[0082] According to an embodiment there is provided a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket wherein the garment comprises a modular system of protective elements, each of which may be independently selected, attached, removed or replaced.

[0083] According to an embodiment there is provided a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket wherein the garment is provided with one or more pockets, pouches or compartments configured to receive accessories in addition to protective elements.

[0084] According to an embodiment there is provided a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket wherein the garment is provided with one or more regions of increased flexibility to facilitate ease of movement during use.

[0085] According to an embodiment there is provided a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket wherein the garment is provided with one or more regions of increased abrasion resistance.

[0086] According to an embodiment there is provided a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket wherein the garment is configured to be worn in combination with one or more other garments selected from the group consisting of wetsuits, wetsuit vests, life jackets, rash shirts, wetsuit jackets, swim shirts, board shorts, dry suits, buoyancy aids, impact vests, thermal tops, leggings, sun protection garments, spray tops and jackets.

[0087] The provision of a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket comprising one or more protective elements which are removable and replaceable independently of the remainder of the garment offers significant advantages in terms of versatility and longevity. The wearer is able to replace only the worn or damaged protective element, thereby extending the useful life of the garment and reducing waste.

[0088] The ability to customise at least one protective element in terms of material composition, thickness or shape enables the garment to be tailored to the specific requirements of the wearer or the activity being undertaken. This ensures that the level of protection, comfort and flexibility can be optimised for different water sports or user preferences.

[0089] The inclusion of a plurality of attachment or insertion portions located at different regions of the garment allows for targeted protection of specific body areas. This modular approach facilitates the selective addition or removal of protective elements, thereby enhancing adaptability and user convenience.

[0090] The use of multi-layered protective elements, including a rigid outer shell and a shock-absorbing inner layer, provides improved impact resistance whilst maintaining wearer comfort. The combination of materials ensures that forces are effectively dissipated, reducing the risk of injury.

[0091] Providing protective elements in a plurality of sizes or shapes to accommodate different body types, including male and female variants, ensures that the garment can be fitted to a wide range of users, thereby improving comfort, safety and inclusivity. The fabrication of at least one protective element from a transparent or translucent material allows for aesthetic customisation and may facilitate visual inspection of the underlying garment or body area, whilst still providing the required level of protection.

[0092] The incorporation of ventilation features, such as perforations or mesh, within at least one protective element enhances breathability and comfort, particularly during extended use or in warmer conditions.

[0093] The provision of one or more fastening mechanisms, such as zippers, hook-and- loop fasteners, buttons, poppers, magnets, clips, hooks or buckles, enables secure attachment of the garment and protective elements, whilst also facilitating ease of use and rapid adjustment.

[0094] Adjustable straps provided on the garment allow the wearer to modify the fit, ensuring a secure and comfortable experience and accommodating a range of body shapes and sizes.

[0095] Configuring the garment such that at least one protective element may be attached or inserted before and / or after the garment has been put on by the wearer provides additional convenience, particularly where assistance may be required or where rapid changes in protection are desirable.

[0096] A modular system of protective elements, each of which may be independently selected, attached, removed or replaced, affords the wearer a high degree of customisation and adaptability, enabling the garment to be configured for different activities, risk levels or user preferences.

[0097] The inclusion of one or more pockets, pouches or compartments configured to receive accessories in addition to protective elements increases the functionality of the garment, allowing the wearer to carry essential items securely during water-based activities.

[0098] Regions of increased flexibility incorporated into the garment facilitate ease of movement, thereby enhancing performance and comfort during dynamic activities. Regions of increased abrasion resistance serve to protect the garment and the wearer from damage caused by contact with equipment, surfaces or environmental hazards, thereby improving durability and safety.

[0099] Configuring the garment to be worn in combination with other garments, such as wetsuits, wetsuit vests, life jackets, rash shirts, wetsuit jackets, swim shirts, board shorts, dry suits, buoyancy aids and similar apparel, enables the wearer to assemble a layered system of protection and comfort suited to a wide range of water sports and environmental conditions.

[0100] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0101] Various embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

[0102] Fig. 1 A shows a rear view of two different wetsuits according to various embodiments wherein the wetsuits are provided with different types of back protective elements and Fig. 1 B shows a rear view of two different life jackets according to various embodiments, wherein the life jacket comprises a back pocket, pouch or compartment into which a rear protective element may be inserted;

[0103] Fig. 2 shows front, rear, side, top and bottom views of a back protective element according to various embodiments wherein the back protective element comprises a hard plastic outer layer with an impact foam backing;

[0104] Fig. 3 shows front and rear views of an insertable back protective element according to various embodiments, wherein the back protective element comprises an impact foam to absorb the force of an impact;

[0105] Fig. 4 shows how a back protective element may be inserted into a zippered pocket, pouch or compartment located on the back of a wetsuit according to various embodiments;

[0106] Fig. 5 shows how a back protective element may be inserted into a zippered pocket, pouch or compartment formed on the back of a life jacket according to various embodiments;

[0107] Fig. 6A shows a front view of a wetsuit having two chest protective elements, Fig. 6B shows front and rear views of a life jacket having two chest protective elements and Fig. 6C shows front and rear views of a life jacket having two chest protective elements according to another embodiment; Fig. 7 shows front, rear and profile views of two chest protective elements according to various embodiments;

[0108] Fig. 8 shows how chest protective elements may be attached or secured to a wetsuit according to various embodiments either by inserting the chest protective elements into a zippered pocket, pouch or compartment or by permanently stitching the chest protective elements into a pocket, pouch or compartment;

[0109] Fig. 9 shows front and rear views of two different life jackets and shows how chest protective elements may be inserted into an internal zippered pocket, pouch or compartment of a life jacket so that the chest protective elements are not outwardly visible;

[0110] Fig. 10A shows a front view of a wetsuit having upper hip and lower hip protective elements according to an embodiment, Fig. 10B shows a rear view of a wetsuit having upper hip and lower hip protective elements according to an embodiment and Fig. 10C shows an internal view of a wetsuit having upper hip and lower hip protective elements according to an embodiment;

[0111] Fig. 11 shows front, rear and profile views of left and right lower hip protective elements according to an embodiment;

[0112] Fig. 12 shows an internal view of a wetsuit according to various embodiments showing pockets, pouches or compartments arranged to receive left and right upper hip protective elements and left and right lower hip protective elements;

[0113] Fig. 13A shows a front view of a wetsuit according to various embodiments and shows knee and shin protective elements wherein optional inserts may be attached or inserted into the shin protective elements and Fig. 13B shows a rear view of the wetsuit and shows how according to an embodiment the shin protective elements may wrap around the rear of the leg and also provide impact protection to the calf region of a wearer’s leg;

[0114] Fig. 14 shows a front and profile view of a knee protective element according to various embodiments;

[0115] Fig. 15 shows a front view of a lower portion of a wetsuit according to various embodiments and shows two knee protective elements together with a knee protective element in greater detail;

[0116] Fig. 16 shows front and profile views of left and right shin protective elements according to an embodiment; Fig. 17 shows a lower portion of a wetsuit according to various embodiments having left and right shin protective elements wherein the shin moulding is positioned outside of the wetsuit in the location of the shin and wherein it is also shown how the shin moulding may be glue blind stitched to the outside of the wetsuit;

[0117] Fig. 18 shows front and rear views of optional hard deflection inserts and also shows how according to various embodiments the inserts may either be attached to the front of a shin protective element or alternatively may be inserted into a shin protective element;

[0118] Fig. 19A shows a front view of wetsuit according to various embodiments wherein the wetsuit provides a wearer with full body protection by providing chest protective elements, upper hip protective elements, lower hip protective elements, knee protective elements and shin protective elements and Fig. 19B shows a rear view of the wetsuit showing how the wetsuit may include a back protective element;

[0119] Fig. 20 shows front and rear views of a wetsuit according to various embodiments wherein the wet suit is provided with extensive front protection but wherein a back protective element is omitted;

[0120] Fig. 21 shows front and rear views of two different life jackets according to various embodiments wherein the life jackets are provided with chest protective elements and wherein a back protective element is inserted into a zippered pocket, pouch or compartment located on the rear of the life jacket;

[0121] Fig. 22 shows front and rear views of two different life jackets according to various embodiments wherein the life jackets are provided with two chest protective elements but no back protective element;

[0122] Fig. 23 shows front and rear views of an embodiment wherein a life jacket is worn over the top of a wetsuit, wherein the life jacket comprises chest and back protective elements covering the upper body and wherein the wetsuit comprises hip, knee and shin protective elements covering the lower body;

[0123] Fig. 24 shows front and rear views of an embodiment wherein a life jacket is worn over the top of a wetsuit, wherein the life jacket comprises chest protective elements covering the front of the upper body and wherein the wetsuit comprises hip, knee and shin protective elements covering the lower body; Fig. 25 shows front and rear views of a wetsuit jacket according to various embodiments, wherein the wetsuit jacket comprises shoulder and elbow protective elements;

[0124] Fig. 26 shows an embodiment wherein a wetsuit jacket having shoulder and elbow protective elements is worn over the top of a wetsuit, and wherein a life jacket is worn over the top of the wetsuit jacket, wherein the life jacket comprises chest and back protective elements and wherein the wetsuit comprises hip, knee and shin protective elements;

[0125] Fig. 27 shows an embodiment wherein a wetsuit jacket having shoulder and elbow protective elements is worn over the top of a wetsuit, and wherein a life jacket is worn over the top of the wetsuit jacket, wherein the life jacket comprises chest protective elements and wherein the wetsuit comprises hip, knee and shin protective elements;

[0126] Fig. 28 shows front and rear views of an embodiment comprising a wetsuit / neoprene or lycra / rash shirt or stretchable open mesh vest with chest protective elements and back protective elements;

[0127] Fig. 29A shows front and rear views of an embodiment comprising a wetsuit vest with chest and back protective elements, Fig. 29B shows front and rear views of an embodiment wherein the wetsuit vest is worn over a full length wetsuit having upper and lower hip protective elements, knee protective elements and shin protective elements and Fig. 29C shows front and rear views of an embodiment wherein a wetsuit vest is worn over a full length wetsuit having upper and lower hip protective elements, knee protective elements and shin protective elements and wherein a life jacket is worn on top of the wetsuit vest; and

[0128] Fig. 30A shows front and rear view of an embodiment comprising a wetsuit vest with chest and back protective elements, Fig. 30B shows front and rear views of a full length wetsuit having upper and lower hip protective elements, knee protective elements and shin protective elements and Fig. 30C shows front and rear views of an embodiment wherein a life jacket is worn over a full length wetsuit having upper and lower hip protective elements, knee protective elements and shin protective elements and wherein a wetsuit vest according to an embodiment is worn on top of the life jacket.

[0129] DESCRIPTION

[0130] Various embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail. In particular, according to various embodiments a protective garment, such as a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket or a wetsuit jacket is disclosed which includes one or more protective elements. The garment may comprise a body portion which is designed to be worn by a wearer. The body portion may include various sections such as a chest section, a back section, one or more hip sections, one or more knee sections and one or more shin sections, each of which may be configured to house one or more protective elements. According to another embodiment a wetsuit jacket may be provided having one or more shoulder protective elements and / or one or more elbow protective elements. The garment may further be configured to allow for attaching, inserting or securing additional protective elements in order to further enhance wearer safety during use.

[0131] The wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket may comprise a body portion that forms the main structure of the garment and which may be contoured to fit the wearer. The body portion may comprise an innermost surface which may directly contact the wearer or any clothing or swimwear that the wearer may be wearing. The outermost surface of the garment may be exposed to the environment and in particular may come into contact with water during use. One or more first protective elements may be permanently secured to the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket providing a permanently fixed layer of impact protection to the user. According to various embodiments the first protective elements may be permanently secured to the wetsuit wetsuit vest, or life jacket by methods such as stitching, adhesives or glues, ultrasonic welding, heat welding or by means of a permanent locking mechanism.

[0132] In order to further enhance the protective functionality of the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket according to various embodiments, the body portion of the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket may incorporate one or more first attachment or insertion portions which are designed to accommodate one or more second removable protective elements which are insertable or attachable to the one or more first attachment or insertion portions. For example, the one or more first attachment or insertion portions may comprise one or more pockets, pouches or compartments into which the second removable protective elements may be inserted in use. The first attachment or insertion portions may use hook-and-loop fastening mechanisms, clips, hooks, buckles, magnets or other fastening devices to secure the second removable protective elements in place. These fastening methods allow for easy insertion and removal of the protective elements, providing versatility in use.

[0133] The body portion of the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket may include several regions where protective elements can be attached or inserted. For example, the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket may comprise a chest portion, wherein the chest portion comprises one or more attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements. The wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket may comprise a back portion, wherein the back portion comprises one or more attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements. The wetsuit or life jacket may comprise upper and lower hip portions, wherein the upper and lower hip portions may comprise one or more attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements. Alternatively, the wetsuit or life jacket may comprise left and right hip portions, wherein the left and right hip portions may comprise one or more attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements. The wetsuit or life jacket may comprise one or more knee portions and / or shin portions, wherein the knee portions and / or shin portions may comprise one or more attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements.

[0134] According to various embodiments the wetsuit, life jacket or wetsuit jacket may further comprise one or more shoulder portions and / or one or more elbow portions, wherein the one or more shoulder portions and / or the one or more elbow portions may comprise either permanently fixed and / or removable protective elements. According to various embodiments a wetsuit is disclosed which further extends protection to the legs, with dedicated attachment or insertion portions for both the knees and shins. According to various embodiments the wetsuit, life jacket or wetsuit jacket may comprise one or more shoulder portions and / or one or more side portions, wherein the one or more shoulder portions and the one or more side portions may comprise an opening and fastening mechanism such as one or more zippers, one or more buttons, one or more magnets, or one or more hook-and-loop fasteners which assist a wearer putting on and / or taking off the wetsuit, life jacket or wetsuit jacket.

[0135] The second removable protective elements which may be attached onto or inserted into one attachment or insertion portions may be made from a material such as polypropylene (“PP”), carbon fibre, KEVLAR (RTM), neoprene, polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate, elastomeric foam, silicone gel, thermoplastic polyurethane, polycarbonate, rubber or other impact-resistant plastics. It will be understood that such materials are durable and can provide varying levels of rigidity or deformability as needed. The one or more permanent and / or attachable or insertable (i.e.) protective elements may have thicknesses ranging from less than 2 mm to over 100 mm thereby allowing customisation based on the specific application or upon the level of protection desired by a user.

[0136] The garment may comprise a combination of linked or interconnected protective components or elements. For example, according to an embodiment the one or more protective elements may comprise a plurality of components or protective elements that are either flexibly connected to each other thereby permitting relative movement between the components or protective elements or alternatively the plurality of components or protective elements may be rigidly interconnected to each other so as to prevent relative movement between the components or protective elements. According to a method of manufacturing the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket or wetsuit jacket, a body portion may first be formed. First protective elements may then be permanently secured to the body portion e.g. by stitching, welding or using an adhesive. Furthermore, one or more first attachment or insertion portions (such as pockets, pouches or compartments) may be formed on or in the body portion to allow for the subsequent attachment or insertion of second (removable) protective elements thereby providing enhanced protection tailored to the wearer's needs. According to other embodiments the one or more first attachment or insertion portions may be formed first in the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket and then the first permanent protective elements may be secured to the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket or wetsuit jacket.

[0137] The garment may include adjustable straps to allow for tightening, loosening or adjusting different sections to fit the wearer securely. The first attachment or insertion portions may be located on the innermost and / or outermost surfaces of the garment allowing for optimised placement of protective elements in areas prone to impact.

[0138] Various different wetsuits, wetsuit vest, life jackets and wetsuit jackets according to various embodiments will now be described in more detail below.

[0139] Fig. 1 A shows a rear view of two different wetsuits 100 according to various embodiments which includes a back protective element 120.

[0140] Fig. 1 B shows rear views of two different life jackets 101 according to various embodiments wherein a back protective element 120 is shown which may be inserted into a pocket, pouch or compartment 110 formed on or within the rear of the life jacket 101 . The back protective element 120 may be formed from a hard plastic such as polypropylene and may further comprise an impact foam inner layer. According to various embodiments the back protective element 120 may comprise a hard plastic outer layer on account of its durability and impact resistance. For example, the back protective element 120 may comprise a polycarbonate (“PC”) which has a high impact resistance or a High Density Polyethylene (“HDPE”) which is particularly tough and resistant to chemicals and abrasion.

[0141] According to other embodiments the back protective element 120 may comprise Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (“ABS”) which has good impact resistance and benefits from ease of processing. According to other embodiments the back protective element 120 may comprise High Impact Polystyrene (“HIPS”) which has good impact resistance and is easy to fabricate. According to further embodiments the back protective element 120 may comprise polyphenylsulfone (“PPSU”) which is a high-temperature thermoplastic which has excellent impact resistance. According to various embodiments the back protective element 120 may comprise an Ultra High Molecular Weight (“UHMW’) polyethylene which is known for its toughness and abrasion resistance.

[0142] The back protective element 120 may be configured to be insertable into a pocket, pouch or compartment 110 located on the back of a wetsuit 100 or life jacket 101 so as to provide protection to the wearer’s spine. According to various embodiments a perforated foam may be utilised on account of its flexibility. A plastic shell may be utilised in order to deflect the force of impacts and a mesh material may be utilised for ventilation purposes. As shown in Fig. 1 B, the rear of the life jacket 101 may comprise a pocket, pouch or compartment 110 having a zipper 111 and it will be understood that the rear protective element 120 may be inserted into the pocket, pouch or compartment 110 and then secured by zipping the zipper 111.

[0143] Fig. 2 shows in greater detail front, rear, side, top and bottom views of a back protective element 120 according to various embodiments. The back protective element 120 may comprise an outer shell formed of polypropylene (“PP”) plastic on account of its durability and lightweight properties. This shell may be configured to withstand external impacts while maintaining the overall rigidity of the back protection. Beneath the outer shell, one or more layers of perforated foam may be incorporated in order to enhance wearer comfort. The foam may comprise cross-linked polyethylene (“XPE”) and may be perforated in order to improve breathability thereby allowing air circulation whilst at the same time maintaining a soft cushion between the wearer and the protective shell.

[0144] According to various embodiments in order to improve further impact absorption, the back protective element 120 may comprise an insert of ethylene-vinyl acetate (“EVA”) foam which has excellent shock-absorbing properties thereby providing additional safety by diffusing impact forces across the back protective element 120. The back protective element 120 may be secured in a mesh pocket, pouch or compartment which aids in ventilation and overall comfort. According to various embodiments, the mesh may be made from 100% polyester which is beneficial in terms of strength, flexibility and moisture-wicking properties. The edges of the back protective element 120 may be secured with a binding material that may also be composed of 100% polyester, ensuring durability and maintaining the structure of the back protective element 120 over time.

[0145] One or more neoprene backstrips 140 may be made from styrene-butadiene rubber (“SBR”) and may be incorporated into the rear of the back protective element 120 for added flexibility and support. SBR has excellent durability and resistance to environmental factors such as heat and moisture making it a reliable material for high- wear components. One or more plastic rivets 141 may be used to fasten the outer component of the back protective element 120 securely to the inner component of the back protective element 120. According to an embodiment the plastic rivets 141 may be made from polyoxymethylene (“POM”) which is a high-performance engineering plastic having advantageous properties in terms of strength and resistance to wear and deformation.

[0146] According to various embodiments the overall length of the back protective element 120 may be 540 ± 5 mm. The back protective element 120 may have a width of 250 ± 5 mm and a thickness of 35 ± 5 mm. According to various embodiments the back protective element 120 may comprise an outer component comprising a plastic shell which provides impact deflection capabilities together with an inner component comprising one or more foam layers which are arranged to absorb energy.

[0147] Fig. 3 shows in more detail a back protective element 120 according to an embodiment wherein the back protective element 120 comprises an impact foam back comprising an impact-absorbing foam and a rigid outer plastic shell. The impact foam may comprise ethylene-vinyl acetate (“EVA”) or a similar material and may be arranged to distribute and dissipate the force of an impact effectively. The foam layers may comprise materials having different densities across different portions in order to optimise both comfort and protection whilst at the same time ensuring that higher impact areas receive additional cushioning.

[0148] The foam may be positioned beneath a durable outer shell which may, for example, comprise polypropylene (“PP”) or another thermoplastic material. The plastic shell may be arranged to provide structural integrity and protection from external forces whilst the foam beneath the plastic shell offers a buffer that absorbs shocks and minimises the transmission of force to the wearer.

[0149] Additionally, the impact foam layer may comprise perforations or grooves to enhance flexibility and breathability. This design allows for greater comfort during extended use since the foam permits a degree of air flow. According to various embodiments the foam may be secured to the outer shell using polyoxymethylene (“POM”) plastic rivets or other fasteners which may be used to secure the layers together without compromising the flexibility or durability of the arrangement. The fasteners may be configured to ensure that the inner foam layers and the outer plastic layer remain properly aligned and intact during use, even under repeated stress or impact.

[0150] Fig. 4 shows how a back protective element 120 may be integrated into a wetsuit 100. According to various embodiments a back protective element 120 may be configured so as to be insertable into a zippered pocket, pouch or compartment 110 located on the back of the wetsuit 100. The pocket, pouch or compartment 110 may be formed of a material such as nylon, mesh or another material which is equally durable, flexible and water resistant thereby ensuring that the wetsuit 100 can endure rigorous water-based activities. The zippered pocket, pouch or compartment 110 may be configured to secure the back protective element 120 in place whilst at the same time allowing for easy insertion and removal. According to various embodiments the ability to be able to easily insert and / or remove the back protective element 120 provides the wearer with the flexibility to customise the level of protection based on specific activities or safety requirements.

[0151] The pocket, pouch or compartment 110 may be configured so as to ensure that the wetsuit 100 maintains a streamlined profile thereby minimising drag in the water whilst at the same time still offering essential protection during high-impact water sports. By accommodating a back protective element 120 in this manner, a wetsuit 100 is provided which is suitable for different conditions, balancing safety and performance. The integration of the back protective element 120 thus enhances the functionality of the wetsuit 100.

[0152] Fig. 5 shows how a back protective element 120 according to various embodiments may be inserted into to a life jacket 101 . The back protective element 120 may be configured so as to be insertable into a pocket, pouch or compartment 110 located on the back panel of the life jacket 101. The pocket, pouch or compartment 110 may be made from various materials such as nylon, polyester or may comprise a mesh. The pocket, pouch or compartment 110 may be made from a material which has a relatively high durability and resistance to water. According to various embodiments the pocket, pouch or compartment 110 may be made from a material which has a degree of breathability.

[0153] The pocket, pouch or compartment 110 may be configured to securely house the back protective element 120 thereby ensuring that the back protective element 120 remains in place even during vigorous movements. It will be understood that the incorporation of a back protective element 120 into the pocket, pouch or compartment 110 does not interfere with the life jacket's fit or its ability to float.

[0154] The pocket, pouch or compartment 110 may comprise a zippered opening 111 facilitating the easy insertion and removal of the back protective element 120. This zippered design provides the wearer with the flexibility to adjust the level of protection according to the specific water activity or safety requirements. For instance, the wearer may opt to remove the back protective element for casual sailing or include it for potentially high-impact activities such as jet skiing or wakeboarding.

[0155] Figs. 6A, 6B and 6C illustrate how one or more chest protective elements 121 may be incorporated into a wetsuit 100 or a life jacket 101.

[0156] Fig. 6A shows a front view of a sleeveless wetsuit 100 according to various embodiments which incorporates two chest protective elements 121 namely a left (or first) chest protective element 121 and a right (or second) protective element. The chest protective elements 121 may be located so as to provide impact protection to the chest area of a wearer. The chest protective elements 121 enable the wearer to engage in a variety of potentially risky water sports activities whilst at the same time maintaining a high level of safety. The chest protective elements 121 may either be permanently attached to the wetsuit 100 (or a life jacket 101) or alternatively the chest protective elements 121 may be removably attached or inserted into a pocket, pouch or compartment 110 of a wetsuit 100 (or a life jacket 101).

[0157] According to an embodiment a single chest protective element 121 may protect both the left side and the right side of the chest. According to other embodiments separate left and right side chest protective elements 121 may be provided.

[0158] Fig. 6B shows a front and a rear view of a life jacket 101 according to various embodiments which incorporates a combined left and right chest protective element 121 . The life jacket 101 may be worn over the top of a wetsuit (not shown).

[0159] Fig. 6C shows a front and a rear view of another embodiment of the life jacket 101 which incorporates separate left and right chest protective elements 121. According to various embodiments the chest protective elements 121 may be incorporated directly into the life jacket 101 itself creating a streamlined and seamless protective layer. The one or more chest protective elements 121 may comprise a combination of a hard plastic outer shell and an inner layer comprising multiple layers of foam. This combination is designed to absorb and diffuse impact forces thereby ensuring optimal protection for the wearer. The hard plastic shell may be made from polypropylene (“PP”) or another material which has a high strength and impact resistance and thereby provides an outer layer capable of deflecting and dispersing high-energy impacts.

[0160] The one or more chest protective elements 121 may comprise an outer hard shell and one or more inner foam layers. For example, the one or more inner foam layers may comprise an inner EVA foam layer which has excellent shock absorption properties. The use of EVA foam not only enhances the overall protective capability of the life jacket 101 by reducing the force transmitted to the wearer's body but also adds an element of comfort. The foam layers may be arranged to contour to the wearer’s chest, promoting a snug and ergonomic fit.

[0161] The one or more chest protective elements 121 may comprise a single chest protective element 121 that extends across the chest of the wearer. Alternatively, the one or more chest protective elements 121 may comprise two separate parts e.g. a left chest protective element 121 and a right chest protective element 121. Embodiments are also contemplated wherein one or more chest protective elements 121 may extend around the side of a wearer to provide protection from lateral impacts. According to various embodiments a modular approach may be adopted which allows the use of separate chest protective elements 121 e.g. to provide greater flexibility and ease of movement, especially during activities requiring a wide range of motion such as paddling.

[0162] Fig. 7 shows in more detail front, rear and side views of two chest protective elements 121 according to two different embodiments. One or both chest protective elements 121 may comprise an external hard shell e.g. made from polypropylene (“PP”) plastic. The hard shell may be configured to contour to the natural curvature of the chest thereby ensuring a secure and comfortable fit for the wearer. According to various embodiments multiple layers of ethylene-vinyl acetate (“EVA”) foam may be provided below the hard outer shell wherein the foam layers help to absorb and disperse impact forces experienced during collisions, falls or sudden movements thereby significantly reducing the risk of injury to the wearer. As shown in Fig. 7 two separate chest protective elements 121 may be provided or alternatively a single chest protective element 121 may be provided.

[0163] According to an embodiment adjustable nylon straps may be utilised to secure the one or more chest protective elements 121 in place. The nylon straps can be tightened or loosened to achieve a snug fit around the torso. This strap system ensures that the one or more chest protective elements 121 remain firmly in place even during vigorous movements while allowing for easy adjustment based on the wearer’s body shape and size.

[0164] According to another embodiment the one or more chest protective elements may be attached or otherwise secured in place using VELCRO (RTM). It will be understood that VELCRO (RTM) offers the advantage of quick application and removal thereby enabling the wearer to easily attach or detach one or more chest protective elements 121 as needed. This is particularly useful for activities that require frequent changes or adjustments.

[0165] According to other embodiments one or more snap fasteners may be used to secure the one or more chest protective elements 121 in place. Snap fasteners also offer a quick and reliable way to secure the one or more chest protective elements 121 securely in place. The snap fasteners provide a durable attachment point and help to ensure that the chest protective elements 121 do not shift or dislodge during rigorous activities. The use of snap fasteners also facilitates easy removal of the one or more chest protective elements 121 for cleaning, maintenance or replacement thereby extending the lifespan of the wetsuit or life jacket and ensuring continued optimal hygiene and performance. Other embodiments are contemplated wherein one or more chest protective elements 121 may be secured by multiple attachment options. For example, one or more chest protective elements 121 may be secured by a combination of both VELCRO (RTM) and one or more snap fasteners. It will be apparent, therefore, that according to various embodiments a flexible and adaptable approach to protecting a wearer against impact forces is provided.

[0166] Fig. 8 shows how one or more chest protective elements 121 may be incorporated into a wetsuit 100 and highlights different ways in which chest protective elements 121 may be securely attached while maintaining the wearer's flexibility and comfort. According to various embodiments the one or more chest protective elements 121 may be configured to be located, in use, within a dedicated zippered pocket, pouch or compartment 110 located on a front panel of the wetsuit 100. The pocket, pouch or compartment 110 enables the wearer to have the flexibility of either removable protection or permanently stitched protection, depending on their specific safety requirements and the nature of the water activity they are engaging in.

[0167] The pocket, pouch or compartment 110 may be formed of a material such as neoprene or mesh, both of which are chosen fortheir unique properties that are well- suited to the aquatic environment. Neoprene offers a high degree of flexibility and water resistance thereby allowing the pocket, pouch or compartment 110 to stretch and conform to the shape of the one or more chest protective elements 121 without compromising the overall fit of the wetsuit 100. Neoprene is a particularly suitable material as neoprene is a durable material thereby ensuring that the pocket, pouch or compartment 110 can withstand repeated use and exposure to harsh conditions, such as saltwater, UV rays and friction from various water sports activities. Mesh, on the other hand, provides enhanced breathability and quick-drying capabilities and hence is particularly suitable for activities where ventilation and moisture control are important. Both materials are lightweight materials ensuring that the inclusion of one or more chest protective elements 121 does not add unnecessary weight or bulk to the wetsuit 100 and preserves its streamlined design.

[0168] According to various embodiments the one or more chest protective elements 121 may be located within the pocket, pouch or compartment 110 which is designed to secure the one or more chest protective elements 121 in place while still allowing for easy removal when needed. The attachment points may include reinforced stitching along the seams of the pocket, pouch or compartment 110 which may serve to anchor the one or more chest protective elements 121 securely and prevent shifting during active use.

[0169] According to various embodiments one or more additional support structures may be provided within the pocket, pouch or compartment 110 in order to enhance the stability of the one or more chest protective elements 121. The additional support structures may include internal straps or elastic bands which may be utilised to hold the one or more chest protective elements 121 snugly against the wearer's chest thereby minimising any movement during physical activity. Furthermore, the zippered pocket, pouch or compartment 110 offers the added benefit of providing a customisable level of protection. Wearers can easily insert or remove one or more chest protective elements 121 depending on the demands of their activity. For instance, during high-impact sports like surfing or wakeboarding, the wearer can insert one or more chest protective elements 121 for enhanced safety. Conversely, for more casual or low-risk activities, the wearer may choose to remove the one or more chest protective elements 121 for a lighter and more flexible wetsuit 100. This removable feature not only extends the versatility of the wetsuit 100 but also facilitates cleaning and maintenance of the one or more chest protective elements 121 thereby prolonging their lifespan and preserving their protective properties.

[0170] Fig. 9 shows front and rear views of two different life jackets 101 and shows how one or more chest protective elements 121 may be integrated into a life jacket 101 . Various embodiments are contemplated wherein one or more chest protective elements 121 may be incorporated into a life jacket 101 according to multiple different configurations. In particular, one or more chest protective elements 121 may be incorporated either inside or on the outside the life jacket 101 . For example, according to an embodiment a life jacket 101 may be provided which has both an internal compartment and an external compartment and wherein a wearer may insert one or more chest protective elements 121 either into the internal compartment or into the external compartment depending upon wearer preference, the nature of the water activity and the desired level of protection. It will be apparent, therefore, that according to various embodiments a life jacket 101 may be provided which is flexible and can cater for a wide range of use scenarios and wherein the life jacket 101 can be customised to meet different safety and comfort requirements.

[0171] When one or more chest protective elements 121 are fitted inside the life jacket 101 as is the case with the embodiment shown in Fig. 9 then it will be apparent that it provides a more streamlined and aesthetically pleasing appearance. Furthermore, placing the chest protective elements 121 internally ensures that the outer surface of the life jacket 101 remains smooth thereby reducing drag in the water and allowing for greater ease of movement. In addition, internal placement of the one or more chest protective elements 121 adds an extra layer of coverage as the life jacket 101 itself helps to protect and conceal the chest protective elements 121 thereby protecting them from external wear and tear. On the other hand, when the chest protective elements 121 are located on the exterior of the life jacket 101 , it offers a more direct shield against impacts making it particularly suitable for activities that involve a higher risk of collisions or falls, such as jet skiing or whitewater rafting. Furthermore, in activities such as whitewater rafting where a wearer will also be wearing a helmet and protective boots then aesthetic concerns are secondary to concerns about safety and protection. The pocket, pouch or compartment 110 which may be arranged to house the one or more chest protective element 121 may be formed of a material such as nylon, polyester or from a mesh. Nylon and polyester are robust and are able to withstand exposure to water, UV rays and harsh weather conditions making them ideal for use in life jackets that are subject to intense and varied environments. Mesh, while less rigid, provides enhanced ventilation and allows water to drain quickly, which can be particularly beneficial for activities that involve frequent submersion or prolonged periods in the water.

[0172] Access to the pocket, pouch or compartment 110 for the one or more chest protective elements 121 may be provided via a zipper 111 or a similar closure mechanism. The zipper 111 may be heavy-duty and corrosion-resistant ensuring it remains functional even after extended exposure to water, salt and other environmental factors. According to various embodiments the pocket, pouch or compartment 110 may be unzipped so that the wearer can insert or remove one or more chest protective elements 121 thereby facilitating quick adjustments to the life jacket's configuration.

[0173] It will be apparent that a life jacket 101 according to various embodiments is particularly beneficial. It will be understood that the life jacket 101 according to various embodiments allows the wearer easily to remove the one or more chest protective elements 121 for maintenance, cleaning or replacement ensuring that the life jacket 101 remains in optimal condition over time. For example, if a chest protective element 121 becomes damaged or worn due to regular use then a wearer can simply replace the chest protective element 121 without otherwise compromising the integrity of the life jacket 101 itself. Similarly, the removable nature of the chest protective elements 121 makes it easier to clean and dry separately.

[0174] Figs. 10A, 10B, and 10C show a wet suit 100 according to various embodiments having one or more hip protective elements 122,123. In particular, the wetsuit 100 may comprise one or more upper hip protective elements 122 and / or one or more lower hip protective elements 123.

[0175] Fig. 10A shows a front view of the wetsuit 100 according to an embodiment wherein the wetsuit 100 is provided with a left upper hip protective element 122, a left lower hip protective element 123, a right upper hip protective element 122 and a right lower hip protective element 123. The upper and lower hip protective elements 122,123 may be positioned to cover the most vulnerable areas of the hips, particularly those that are prone to impact during activities such as surfing, diving or wakeboarding. The front placement ensures that the hips are shielded from frontal collisions and impacts, enhancing the wearer's safety without hindering their range of motion. Fig. 10B shows a rear view of the wetsuit 100 highlighting how the hip protective elements 122,123 may be arranged to extend around the wearer’s hips so as to protect the side of the hips and a rear portion of the hips not just the frontal area. It will be appreciated that the provision of upper and lower hip protective elements 122,123 which wrap around from the front to the rear minimises the risk of injury from falls, collisions or accidental bumps that may occur from multiple angles during high-impact water activities. The hip protective elements 122,123 may be integrated such that they align seamlessly with the contours of the wetsuit 100 thereby preserving the wetsuit’s streamlined design whilst also seeking to protect a wearer from impacts.

[0176] Fig. 10C shows an inside view of the wetsuit 100 detailing the pockets, pouches or compartments 110 which may house the one or more hip protective elements 122,123. According to an embodiment, the hip protective elements 122,123 may be configured to be inserted into one or more neoprene pockets, pouches or compartment 110 located on the lower hips and wherein one or more upper hip protective elements 122 may be permanently attached to the wetsuit e.g. by being permanently stitched into a pocket, pouch or compartment 110 located in the region of the upper hip area. The pockets, pouches or compartments 110 may be made from neoprene on account of its flexibility, water resistance and durability. The one or more pockets, pouches or compartments 110 may be positioned to maximise coverage of the hip area whilst also allowing the wetsuit 100 to move with the body.

[0177] The one or more hip protective elements 122,123 may comprise an outer layer made from polypropylene (“PP”) plastic or another material which has a high impact resistance and ability to deflect force. Accordingly, the hip protective elements 122,123 may comprise an outer protective layer which disperses the energy from an impact over a wider surface area in order to reduce the risk of concentrated injuries. The polypropylene plastic may be shaped to contour to the hips ensuring that it fits snugly within the neoprene pockets, pouches or compartments 110 without creating unnecessary bulk or restricting the wearer’s movements. Different thicknesses of hip protective elements 122,123 may be provided. Furthermore, hip protective elements 122,123 may be provided which are configured for different body forms including the male body and the female body.

[0178] The hip protective elements 122,123 may further comprise one or more inner layers of ethylene-vinyl acetate (“EVA”) foam which provides impact absorption and which helps to cushion the hip against shocks thereby further mitigating the force transmitted to the body during collisions or falls. The EVA foam's flexibility allows it to conform to the wearer’s hips, enhancing comfort and mobility whilst at the same time maintaining a high level of protection. By combining the rigidity of polypropylene plastic with the shock-absorbing qualities of EVA foam, the hip protective elements 122,123 are particularly effective at deflecting and dissipating impact forces thereby providing a high degree of safety for the wearer.

[0179] This system is designed with wearer adaptability in mind. The neoprene pockets, pouches or compartments 110 allow for the hip protective elements 122,123 to be easily inserted, removed or adjusted as necessary. This removability offers several practical benefits. For example, wearers can adjust the positioning of the hip protective elements 122,123 to suit their individual comfort or specific activity needs, ensuring an optimal fit for various body shapes. Additionally, the ability to remove the hip protective elements 122,123 facilitates cleaning and maintenance.

[0180] Fig. 11 shows a two-part hip protection system comprising two lower hip protective elements 123. The lower hip protective elements 123 may be tailored to cover both the front and back of the hips thereby ensuring full coverage of these areas while maintaining the flexibility and comfort of the wetsuit.

[0181] The outer layer of each lower hip protective element 123 may be formed of polypropylene (“PP”) plastic for impact protection against falls or collisions with equipment. The lower hip protective elements 123 may comprise an outer shell which according to an embodiment has a length of 270 ± 5 mm and a width of 180 ± 5 mm. As shown in Fig. 11 the lower hip protective elements 123 may have a contoured shape which is intended to conform to the natural curvature of a wearer’s hips thereby ensuring a snug aerodynamic fit. The rigid nature of the outer layer of the lower hip protective elements 123 enables the lower hip protective elements 123 to disperse impact energy effectively over a relatively large surface area thereby reducing the concentration of any impact force and hence reducing the risk of injury due to an impact.

[0182] According to various embodiments the lower hip protective elements 123 may comprise an inner layer made of ethylene-vinyl acetate (“EVA”) foam. It will be understood that EVA foam has excellent shock-absorbing properties and hence is capable of absorbing and diffusing forces generated by sudden impacts. The inner layer may according to various embodiments have a thickness of 25 ± 5 mm thereby providing a cushioning effect that further mitigates the force transmitted to the body. It will also be understood that the foam’s flexibility enables it to mould to the wearer’s hips enhancing comfort and mobility while ensuring close contact with the body for optimal protection. The foam inner layer may be configured to have a similar profile to the outer shell.

[0183] The combination of an outer hard plastic shell and a softer inner layer creates a dual-layer system that both deflects and dissipates impact forces. This synergy between materials ensures that the hip protection system can handle a wide range of impacts while maintaining comfort. The layered structure may be configured to be lightweight ensuring that the addition of hip protection does not hinder the wearer’s movement. This lightweight characteristic is particularly important for water sports where agility and flexibility are important considerations both for performance and also for safety.

[0184] According to various embodiments the lower hip protective elements 123 may be configured either to cover the front of the hips, the back of the hips or both the front and the back of hips. Embodiments are contemplated wherein separate lower hip protective elements 123 may be provided for different portions of the hips.

[0185] According to various embodiments the lower hip protective elements 123 may be configured so as to fit into a neoprene pocket (not shown) within the wetsuit. According to various embodiments the neoprene pockets may be tailored to the dimensions of the one or more lower hip protective elements 123 thereby providing a snug fit that prevents any shifting or dislodging. The polypropylene plastic and EVA foam materials used according to various embodiments are particularly durable in aquatic environments. It will be understood that polypropylene plastic is resistant to water, salt, and UV exposure thereby ensuring that the outer shell retains its structural integrity over time. Similarly, EVA foam is resistant to water absorption thereby allowing the one or more lower hip protective elements 123 to remain lightweight even when in contact with water.

[0186] Fig. 12 shows an inner view of a wetsuit 100 according to various embodiments and shows in more detail how upper hip protective elements 122 and lower hip protective elements 123 may be attached or otherwise incorporated into the wetsuit 100 in a manner which ensures both the upper and lower hip protective elements 122,123 are both secure and wearer friendly. According to an embodiment, one or more upper hip protective elements 122 and / or one or more lower hip protective elements 123 may be configured to slide into one or more pockets, pouches or compartments 110 located on the inside of the wetsuit 100. The one or more pockets, pouches or compartments 110 may be made from neoprene.

[0187] The pockets, pouches or compartments 110 may be positioned over the hip areas in order to provide maximum protection against impacts without restricting the wearer’s movement. According to various embodiments the pockets, pouches or compartments 110 may be designed to fit the dimensions of the upper and lower hip protective elements 122,123 in a snug manner thereby ensuring that once the upper and lower hip protective elements 122,123 have been inserted or removably attached (or permanently attached) then they remain securely in place. It will be understood that it is beneficial if the upper and lower hip protective elements 122,123 form a snug fit as it will be understood that it is undesirable for protective elements, especially hip protective elements 122,123 to shift or become dislodged during vigorous activities such as surfing, diving or wakeboarding where dynamic movements and changes in body position are frequent. According to various embodiments one or more neoprene pockets, pouches or compartments 110 may be attached to the body of the wetsuit 100 e.g. by stitching or using an adhesive or glue. According to various embodiments stitching may involve using one or more reinforced seams to anchor the pockets, pouches or compartments 110 firmly to the wetsuit’s fabric thereby offering enhanced durability and resistance to wear and tear. As a result, the pockets, pouches or compartments 110 may remain intact and functional over extended periods of use even in harsh marine environments. According to embodiments the pockets, pouches or compartments 110 may be double stitched particularly in regions of the pocket, pouch or compartment 110 where an upper hip protective element 122 and / or a lower hip protective element 123 may be inserted.

[0188] According to another embodiment the pockets, pouches or compartments 110 may be glued into place using a suitable adhesive for gluing neoprene or other wetsuit materials. According to various embodiments the gluing method may create a seamless bond between the pocket, pouch or compartment 110 and the wetsuit 100 thereby reducing the risk of water seeping through the seam. According to various embodiments the glue may be resistant to contact with saltwater, exposure to UV rays and repeated stretching or compression. The glued attachment offers a smooth finish minimising potential points of irritation or chafing against the wearer’s skin thereby enhancing comfort especially for prolonged wear.

[0189] According to various embodiments the glue or adhesive used to glue neoprene pockets 110 to a neoprene wetsuit 100 or life jacket 101 may comprise a contact cement which is a type of rubber adhesive that creates a strong and permanent bond between two surfaces. It is a particularly effective adhesive for gluing neoprene together and it provides a permanent bond that is waterproof and can withstand extreme temperatures. According to other embodiments an epoxy or a super glue such as cyanoacrylate adhesive may be used.

[0190] The neoprene pockets, pouches or compartments 110 may be arranged so as to allow for easy insertion and removal of one or more upper hip protective elements 122 and / or one or more lower hip protective elements 123. The pocket, pouch or compartment openings may be positioned and sized to facilitate the sliding in of one or more upper hip protective elements 122 and / or one or more lower hip protective elements 123 thereby providing the wearer with the flexibility to adjust their level of protection based on the activity or personal comfort preferences. It will be appreciated that wearer is advantageously able to replace the upper and lower hip protective elements 122,123 if / when they become damaged or worn out thereby extending the overall lifespan of the wetsuit 100. For example, wearers may choose to insert upper and / or lower hip protective elements 122,123 when engaging in high-impact water sports that carry a greater risk of falls or collisions but also may choose to remove upper and / or lower hip protective elements 122,123 during low-risk activities such as casual swimming or snorkelling in order to enhance comfort and mobility.

[0191] It will also be understood that the removable nature of the upper and lower hip protective elements 122,123 facilitates maintenance and hygiene. For example, after use in saltwater or chlorinated pools the one or more upper and / or lower hip protective elements 122,123 may be removed from the pockets, pouches or compartments 110 for thorough cleaning and drying thereby preventing the buildup of salt, sand or other debris which might otherwise compromise the materials’ integrity or cause discomfort. It also allows the wearer to inspect the protective elements for any signs of wear and tear, ensuring that they remain in optimal condition and continue to provide effective protection.

[0192] It will be understood, therefore, that according to various embodiments one or more upper hip protective elements 122 and / or one or more lower hip protective elements 123 may be provided which are either permanently or removably housed within one or more pockets, pouches or compartments 110. According to various embodiments the one or more pockets, pouches or compartments 110 may be stitched or glued into place thereby offering a secure attachment that withstands the rigours of active use in water sports while still providing the flexibility to insert, remove or replace the upper and lower protective elements 122,123 as needed. Furthermore, according to various embodiments the one or more upper and lower hip protective elements 122,123 may be configured so as to remain securely in position during movement whilst allowing the wearer to tailor their level of protection based on their specific activity, comfort and safety requirements.

[0193] As will be described in more detail below, according to further embodiments a wetsuit may be provided which is equipped with an integrated knee and / or shin protection system. It will be understood that the wetsuit may be particularly configured to provide impact resistance protection to the lower limbs of a wearer which may be relevant in respect of sports or activities such as diving, surfing and other high-impact water sports where the knees and shins of a wearer might be frequently exposed to potential hazards such as rough underwater terrain, reefs or contact with surfboards.

[0194] Fig. 13A shows a front view of a wetsuit 100 according to various embodiments and shows the placement of left and right knee protective elements 124. The knee protective elements 124 may be configured so as to shield the knees effectively covering not just the patella (kneecap) but also extending to areas surrounding the kneecap which might be susceptible to impact during activities. The knee protective elements 124 may be shaped so as to conform to the natural curvature of a wearer’s knees thereby ensuring a secure fit that does not impede the wearer’s flexibility or range of motion. It will be understood that it is important to ensure that the wearer is able to move their knees e.g. to bend or crouch down. Fig. 13A also shows that according to various embodiments the wetsuit 100 may be provided with one or more shin protective elements 125. Furthermore, one or more inserts 126 may be provided which may be attached to or inserted within the one or more shin protective elements 125.

[0195] Fig. 13B shows a rear view of the wetsuit 100 and illustrates how the knee and shin protective elements 124,125 may be configured so as to wrap around the legs thereby offering coverage of both the front and rear aspects of the lower limbs. This fullcoverage approach ensures that the wearer is as fully protected as possible from impacts and abrasions from multiple angles whether as a result from falls, collisions or contact with hard surfaces. The shin protective elements 125 may comprise different lengths. For example, according to an embodiment the shin protective elements 125 may be configured so as to extend from just below the knee to the top of the foot, safeguarding the shins against direct impacts with rocks, marine life or equipment. However, other embodiments are also contemplated comprising shorter shin protective elements 125.

[0196] The knee and shin protective elements 124,125 may comprise a combination of durable materials to maximise their protective capabilities whilst maintaining wearer comfort. The outermost layer of each protective element 124,125 may comprise a hard plastic such as polypropylene (“PP”). The inner portion of each protective element 124,125 may comprise one or more foam layers which serve to enhance comfort and provide additional shock absorption.

[0197] According to various embodiments the shin protective elements 125 may be configured to integrate with the knee protective elements 124. For example, it is contemplated that one or more knee protective elements 124 may be linked or otherwise connected to one or more shin protective elements 125 by an intermediate flexible portion which allows for relative movement between the one or more knee protective elements 124 and the one or more shin protective elements 125.

[0198] According to various embodiments the one or more knee protective elements 124 and / or the one or more shin protective elements 125 may be housed within one or more pockets, pouches or compartments 110 which may be integrated into the wetsuit 100. The pockets, pouches or compartments 100 may be reinforced with stitching or glue to ensure they remain securely affixed to the wetsuit 100 thereby preventing any shifting or displacement of the knee and shin protective elements 124,125 during vigorous activities. It will be appreciated that the securing of the knee and shin protective elements 124 ensures that the knee and shin protective elements 124,125 remain in the optimal position to absorb impacts. Additionally, the pockets, pouches or compartments 110, which may be made from neoprene, may be configured to allow for the removal or adjustment of the knee and / or shin protective elements 124,125 providing the wearer with flexibility in tailoring their level of protection based on the specific activity or personal preference. For instance, during certain activities that involve frequent kneeling the wearer may opt to keep the knee protective elements 124 in place for added safety. Conversely, for less demanding activities the wearer may choose to remove either the one or more knee protective elements 124 and / or the one or more shin protective elements 125 in order to enhance mobility and comfort.

[0199] Fig. 14 shows a front and profile view of a one-part knee protective element 124 according to various embodiments which is configured to provide optimal comfort, flexibility and impact resistance. The knee protective element 124 may have a length of 167 ± 5 mm, a width of 134 ± 5 mm and a thickness of 7 ± 5 mm. The knee protective element 124 may comprise a deboss detail which allows the knee protective element 124 to conform closely to the natural contours of the knee. The knee protective element 124 according to various embodiments ensures that the knee protective element 124 remains securely in place during dynamic movements such as bending, crouching and pivoting which are common movements in water sports such as surfing, diving and wakeboarding. The deboss detail enhances both the fit and the wearer's mobility thereby reducing the risk of irritation or discomfort during prolonged use.

[0200] According to an embodiment either the outermost layer and / or the innermost layer of the knee protective element 124 may be made from a flexible plastic material which is configured to provide a durable and lightweight shield against external impacts. The flexible plastic layer may be configured so as to flex with the wearer’s movements thereby ensuring that the knee protective element 124 does not inadvertently restrict the range of motion or create pressure points on the knee. This flexibility is beneficial as it allows water sports enthusiasts to perform various manoeuvres with ease and confidence knowing that their knees are adequately protected.

[0201] Underneath an outer plastic layer (which may be deformable), the knee protective element 124 may comprise a foam layer made, for example, from ethylene-vinyl acetate (“EVA”) foam which provides cushioning and functions in order to dissipate impact forces. The foam may be located on the rear of the knee protective element 124 to provide targeted cushioning where most needed, thereby helping to minimise any risk of injury from sudden impacts, collisions or contact with hard surfaces. It will be understood that the use of EVA foam adds a layer of protection but also contributes to the overall comfort of the knee protective element 124 as the foam layer is mouldable to the shape of the wearer’s knee thereby providing a customised fit. According to various embodiments the outer layer of the knee protective element 124 may comprise Supertex nylon which is a high-durability fabric which is resistant to abrasion, tears and the harsh conditions typically encountered in marine environments. According to various embodiments the knee protective element 124 is beneficial since it may be fabricated from materials which are abrasion-resistant and hence a wetsuit incorporating such knee protective elements 124 is particularly beneficial for activities that involve frequent contact with rough surfaces such as coral reefs, rocks or the deck of a surfboard.

[0202] According to various embodiments one or more knee protective elements 124 may be incorporated into a wetsuit by being sewn or glued directly onto the wetsuit’s knee area thereby creating a streamlined profile that does not add bulk or interfere with the wetsuit’s overall design. As a result, the one or more knee protective elements 124 remain securely affixed to the wetsuit even during high-intensity activities that involve significant movement or changes in body posture.

[0203] According to various embodiments the deboss detail helps in improving the fit but also provides a textured surface that can aid in grip and stability during water activities. The deboss detail can therefore assist the wearer to maintain their balance when kneeling on a slippery surface such as a paddleboard, surfboard or boat deck.

[0204] Fig. 15 shows how a knee protective element 124 may be attached or otherwise secured to the lower portion of a wetsuit 100. The knee protective element 124 may be configured to be positioned externally on the wetsuit 100 at the knee area thereby covering the front of the knee joint in order to shield the knee from direct impacts and abrasions. It will be understood that according to various embodiments whereas other protective elements such as chest or back protective elements may be provided either internally to or external of the wetsuit 100, that in the case of knee protective elements 124 it may be beneficial to locate the knee protective element 124 on the external region of the wetsuit 100 as such positioning allows the knee protective element 124 to directly absorb and deflect forces thereby minimising the risk of injury to the knee during high- impact activities such as diving, surfing or paddleboarding. Furthermore, it is often the case that a wearer performing water sport activities will be on their knees either on the ground, on their equipment or on features such as rocks, pebbles or reefs. Accordingly, the knee region of a wetsuit is likely to experience a high level of abrasion and therefore locating the knee protective element 124 on the outermost surface of the wetsuit helps to protect the wetsuit 100. It will be understood that if / when the knee protective element 124 according to various embodiments suffers from undue abrasion then it can be replaced without needing to replace the whole wetsuit 100.

[0205] In order to ensure a secure fit the knee protective element 124 may be attached to the wetsuit 100 using a combination of blind-stitching and gluing techniques as is apparent from Fig. 15. It will be understood that blind-stitching involves sewing the knee protective element 124 onto the wetsuit material in such a way that the stitches do not penetrate all the way through the neoprene wetsuit 100 thereby preventing water from seeping through the seams. This stitching technique ensures that the wetsuit 100 retains its waterproof qualities. The use of blind stitching also contributes to a cleaner, more streamlined appearance on the wetsuit’s exterior thereby reducing drag in the water and enhancing the wearer's mobility.

[0206] In addition to stitching, the knee protective element 124 may be glued to the wetsuit 100 using an adhesive which is formulated for gluing neoprene and other wetsuit materials. It will be understood that gluing creates a seamless bond between the knee protective element 124 and the wetsuit fabric thereby ensuring that the knee moulding remains firmly in place even during rigorous movements. The adhesive used may be water-resistant and may be resistant to exposure to saltwater, UV rays and temperature variations without degrading or losing its bonding strength. The glue layer not only secures the knee protective element 124 in place but also provides a smooth, low-profile finish that minimises potential irritation or chafing against the skin which is particularly important for the comfort of the wearer during extended periods of use.

[0207] Fig. 15 also shows how the knee protective element 124 may be located or positioned for maximum effectiveness. According to various embodiments the knee protective element 124 may be aligned with the knee area and may extend slightly above and below the knee joint in order to cover the patella (kneecap) and the surrounding regions. It will be understood that this extended coverage ensures that the entire knee is protected from multiple angles, whether the wearer is bending, kneeling or moving dynamically.

[0208] The external attachment method shown in Fig. 15 is particularly advantageous because it allows the knee protective element 124 to directly face incoming impacts and to be abraded from contact with hard surfaces, coral reefs, rocks or equipment. It will be understood that according to embodiments placing the knee protective element 124 on the outside of the wetsuit 100 helps to deflect and absorb shocks before they reach the wearer’s knee and also provides abrasion resistance. It will be understood that this is particularly beneficial for activities where falls and sudden impacts may be common such as diving and wherein the wearer may come into contact with the seabed or an underwater structures.

[0209] Additionally, the attachment method outlined in Fig. 15 may be configured to be durable yet adaptable so that should the knee protective element 120 become damaged or worn out over time, the gluing and stitching techniques allows for it to be removed and replaced without compromising the integrity of the wetsuit 100. This replaceable nature extends the overall lifespan of the wetsuit 100 and ensures that the wearer can maintain a high level of protection throughout various activities. The flexibility of this attachment method also permits adjustments to the knee protection, enabling the wearer to position it as needed for their specific comfort or activity requirements.

[0210] Fig. 16 shows in greater detail a left and right shin protective element 125. The one or more shin protective elements 125 may be configured to shield the lower legs and in particular to protect the vulnerable shin area from potential impacts during high- intensity water activities such as surfing, diving or wakeboarding. It will be appreciated that one or more shin protective elements 125 afford a wearer both impact protection and flexibility in that the one or more shin protective elements 125 can both absorb and deflect impact forces without hindering the wearer’s movement.

[0211] The one or more shin protective elements 125 may be constructed from a combination of a polypropylene (“PP”) plastic outer layer and an inner ethylene-vinyl acetate (“EVA”) foam layer. According to various embodiments the shin protective element may have a length of 294 ± 5 mm, a width of 243 ± 5 mm and a thickness of 7 ± 5 mm.

[0212] In terms of material composition, Fig. 16 shows how the shin protective element may utilise a similar combination of hard plastic and foam as used in respect of other protective elements of the wetsuit 100 and as described above. The exterior plastic shell may be smooth and streamlined, contributing to the overall hydrodynamic profile of the wetsuit 100. This design consideration minimises drag in the water, allowing the wearer to move efficiently and effortlessly. The inner EVA foam layer may be carefully moulded to align with the leg’s anatomy, ensuring that it provides targeted cushioning where it is most needed.

[0213] Fig. 17 shows how a shin protective element 125 may be attached to a wetsuit 100. For example, according to an embodiment the shin protective element 125 may be inserted, attached or other secured to one or more pockets, pouches or compartments. Alternatively, the one or more shin protective element 125 may be permanently secured to the wetsuit 100 by external stitching.

[0214] Fig. 18 shows various embodiments wherein one or more hard deflection inserts 126 may be provided which may be attached to or inserted into one or more shin protective elements 125. In particular, the one or more shin protective elements 125 and / or the one or more inserts 126 may comprise a rigid material which is configured to provide impact protection to the lower legs from direct impacts as may commonly be experienced in water sports and other high-impact activities. The one or more shin protective elements 125 may be configured to protect a wearer against potential hazards such as collisions with rocks, equipment or other underwater obstacles thereby minimising the risk of injury to the shins of the wearer. As shown in Fig. 18 according to various embodiments one or more hard impact plastic inserts 126 may be attached to or inserted within one or more shin protective elements 125 in order to provide enhanced protection. The one or more inserts 126 may according to various embodiments be made from a durable rigid plastic or other material which is capable of withstanding significant impact forces. It will be understood that the provision of one or more hard plastic inserts 126 adds a deflection layer to a shin protective element 125 and effectively acts as a further protective barrier that assists in dispersing the energy from direct impacts across a larger surface area thereby reducing the intensity of the impact upon the shin bone at any one point. It will be understood that the one or more inserts 126 may be made from lightweight material while still providing a relatively high degree of impact protection.

[0215] According to various embodiments the one or more inserts 126 may have a thickness of 3.0 ± 0.5 mm, a width of 72 ± 5 mm and a length of 167 ± 5 mm. According to various embodiments it has been found through testing that an insert 126 with such dimensions is particularly effective at providing a sufficient degree of impact resistance whilst at the same time maintaining the flexibility and comfort of the wetsuit. In particular, it has been found that 3 ± 0.5 mm thick inserts 126 are sufficiently robust so as to absorb and deflect substantial impact force without adding unnecessary bulk to the shin protective element 125 thereby ensuring that the wearer can continue to move naturally and comfortably whether they are diving, surfing or engaging in other aquatic sports that require both agility and protection.

[0216] According to various embodiments the one or more inserts 126 may be configured to attach to one or more shin protective elements 125 and / or to slide into one or more pockets formed within a shin protective element 125. The one or more pockets may be positioned along the length of the shin protective element 125. According to various embodiments the one or more shin protective elements 125 may be configured to extend from just below the knee to the ankle region of the wearer thereby providing full protection for the most vulnerable regions of the lower leg. The ability to attach and / or slidably insert one or more inserts 126 is particularly beneficial in that a wearer can easily adjust their degree of protection. For example, a wearer can insert one or more hard deflection inserts 126 for high-impact sports such as wakeboarding but can also remove the one or more inserts 126 for less dangerous activities such as snorkelling.

[0217] In order to ensure that the one or more inserts 126 remain securely in place during use, the inserts 126 can be held within one or more pockets formed within a shin protective element 125. In particular, according to various embodiments the one or more inserts 126 may be arranged to be attached or otherwise secured to a shin protective element 125 using, for example, VELCRO (RTM) fasteners. According to various embodiments one or more VELCRO (RTM) fasteners may be placed on both an outer surface of a shin protective element 125 and also upon the rear of the one or more inserts 126.

[0218] According to other embodiments the one or more shin protective elements 125 may comprise a pocket, pouch or compartment into which an insert 126 may be inserted. It will be appreciated that if one or more inserts 126 are slid or otherwise secured into one or more pockets, pouches or compartments provided in the one of more shin protective elements 125 then one or more VELCRO (RTM) strips may be used to secure the one or more inserts 126 into the shin protective element 125 within the interior of a pocket, pouch or compartment. In particular, the one or more inserts 126 may be prevented from shifting or sliding out during dynamic movements. This method not only ensures that the inserts 126 remain in the correct position but also allows for quick and easy adjustments or removal of the inserts 126 when necessary.

[0219] In addition to using VELCRO (RTM) to secure an insert 126, according to other embodiments a slot may be provided within a shin protective element 125 and a tolerance fitting arrangement may be utilised in order to secure an insert 126 within the slot. Accordingly, according to various embodiments the slots may be configured to have a thickness of approximately 3 mm which is substantially the same thickness as insert 126 according to various embodiments so that once an insert 126 is inserted into a slot provided in the shin protective element 125 then the insert 126 is retained on account of there being a snug or interference fit between the insert 126 and the slot of the shin protective element 125. It will be understood that providing a tight tolerance fitting prevents any unwanted movement within the slot even during rigorous activities that involve significant leg movements such as paddling, kicking or climbing. By combining VELCRO (RTM) closures with tolerance fitting the one or more inserts 126 can provide additional impact protection.

[0220] According to various embodiments one or more hard deflection inserts 126 may be provided which may complement the one or more shin protective elements 125. According to various embodiments the one or more rigid plastic inserts 126 may form the outermost layer of the shin protective element 125 thereby providing an effective protection against impact forces. According to various embodiments an inner layer of the one or more shin protective elements 125 may comprise one or more layers of softer materials, such as EVA foam, which are effective in providing cushioning and enhancing the comfort of a wearer. It will be appreciated, therefore, that according to various embodiments the one or more shin protective elements 125 may comprise multiple layers which are configured to absorb impacts whilst still conforming to the wearer’s leg and ensuring that impact protection is achieved without sacrificing comfort or freedom of movement. Fig. 19A shows a front view of a wetsuit 100 configured to provide full-body protection according to an embodiment. In particular, Fig. 19A shows how chest, hip, knee and shin protective elements may be incorporated into a wetsuit 100 according to various embodiments. According to various embodiments one or more chest protective elements 121 may be positioned over the upper torso so as to cover the ribcage and sternum in order to shield against direct impacts. The one or more chest protective elements 121 may be contoured to match the shape of the chest, ensuring a snug fit that does not restrict breathing or movement. Below the chest, one or more upper and / or lower hip protective elements 122,123 may embedded in pockets, pouches or compartments which may be provided on both the left and right sides of the wetsuit 100 thereby protecting the upper and lower hips against both frontal and also lateral impacts. According to various embodiments knee protective elements 124 and shin protective elements 125 may be positioned to protect the front of the legs and the protective elements may provide protection extending down from the knees to the ankles of the wearer. The various protective elements may be tailored to flex with the wearer’s movements allowing for natural bending and extension of the knees without compromising the protection provided to the lower legs.

[0221] Fig 19B shows a corresponding rear view of the wetsuit 100 according to various embodiments. In particular, Fig. 19B shows how a back protective element 120 may be incorporated and how upper and lower hip protective elements 123,124 may extend around from the front of the wetsuit 100 to the rear of the wetsuit 100. The back protective element 120 may be configured to cover a broad area and as such may extend from the shoulders down to the lower back thereby providing protection and support to the spine and optionally the shoulder blades of the wearer. The back protective element 120 may be configured to conform to the natural curvature of the spine thereby providing a secure and comfortable fit that does not hinder the wearer’s range of motion. Additionally, the upper and / or lower hip protective elements 122,123 may extend around the sides of the body ensuring coverage of the pelvic region.

[0222] It will be appreciated that the wetsuit 100 shown in Figs. 19A and 19B provides a wearer with protection over the majority of the important body areas such as the chest, back, hips, knees and shins. It will be further understood that the wearers head may also be protected by a helmet. Equally, a wearer’s feet may also be protected by wearing boots.

[0223] Some of the protective elements shown in Figs. 19A and 19B may be permanently attached to the wetsuit 100 whereas other protective elements may be removably attached or inserted into the wetsuit 100. The ability to remove and / or swap out at least some of the protective elements affords the wearer flexibility to adjust the level of protection based on the specific activity or environmental conditions. For instance, during high-risk activities such as wakeboarding or surfing in rocky waters, the wearer can insert all the protective elements for maximum safety. Conversely, for lower- risk activities such as snorkelling or casual swimming, the wearer can choose to remove at least some of the protective elements to enhance mobility and comfort. This modular approach to body protection ensures that the wetsuit 100 can be customised to meet the unique needs of different water sports enthusiasts.

[0224] Furthermore, as discussed above, one problem with wetsuits in particular is that they can be hard to take on and / or to take off. It will be appreciated that a wetsuit 100 providing full body protection as shown in Figs. 19A and 19B might be difficult to put on and / or take off if all the various protective elements are permanently attached to the wetsuit 100. Therefore, by making only some of the protective elements permanently attached to the wetsuit 100 and by making some other of the protective elements removable from the wetsuit 100 then it will be appreciated that it makes it easier for a wearerto put on and take off the wetsuit 100. In particular, a wearer may put on the wetsuit 100 with only permanently attached protective elements attached to the wetsuit 100 and once the wearer has put on the wetsuit 100, the wearer may then attach or insert other removable protective elements. Similarly, a wearer may take out or unattach all removable protective elements prior to taking the wetsuit 100 off in order to facilitate removal of the wetsuit 100.

[0225] According to various embodiments the attachment points and / or pockets, pouches or compartments for each permanent and removable protective element may be reinforced with stitching or gluing and may be configured so as to maintain the wetsuit’s sleek and streamlined profile thereby minimising drag in the water. The one or more pockets, pouches or compartments for the chest and back protective elements 120,121 may be located within the inner lining of the wetsuit 100 which helps to maintain a flush external surface of the wetsuit 100 and which also reduces any risk of the wearer snagging or becoming entangled. Similarly, the knee and shin protective elements 124,125 may be configured so as to follow the contours of the legs thereby helping to ensure that the knee and shin protective elements 124,125 remain securely in place while allowing for dynamic movements.

[0226] The material composition of the various protective elements may comprise a hard plastic layer fabricated from a material such as polypropylene (“PP”) together with a cushioning layer fabricated from a material such as EVA foam.

[0227] Fig. 20 shows a front and rear view of a wetsuit 100 according to another embodiment similar to the embodiment shown and described above in relation to Figs. 19A and 19B except that according to this embodiment a back protective element 120 may be omitted. - M -

[0228] According to various embodiments different attachment mechanisms may be utilised for permanent and removable protective elements. For example, permanent protective elements may be secured in place using stitching or gluing. With regard the embodiment shown in Fig. 20, protective elements which may be permanently fixed in position include knee and shin protective elements 124,125. In contrast, other protective elements such as one or more chest protective elements 121 and / or one or more upper hip protective elements 122 and / or one or more lower hip protective elements 123 may comprise removable protective elements which may be attached to an attachment location on the wetsuit 100 or which may be inserted into a pocket, pouch or compartment using, for example, VELCRO (RTM) closures, zippers or tolerance-fit pockets, pouches or compartments. According to various embodiments VELCRO (RTM) may also be used to attach a removable protective element to an attachment region of the wetsuit 100. It will be understood that VELCRO (RTM) enables easy attachment, insertion and removal of a protective elements and enables the wearer to quickly adjust their gear without the need for complex modifications. Zippers also offer a similarly convenient method, providing a firm closure that prevents the protective element from sliding out during use. Tolerance-fit pockets, on the other hand, are designed to match the exact dimensions of the protective element holding them securely in place through a tight form-fitting enclosure.

[0229] Fig. 21 shows front and rear views of two different life jackets 101 according to various embodiments which are equipped with a full upper body protection system which is designed to enhance the safety of a wearer performing various water-based activities whilst at the same time offering the flexibility to be worn over the top of a wetsuit. Fig. 21 shows the integration of chest and back protective elements 121 ,120 into the life jacket 101 and shows how the protective elements 120,121 may be arranged to protect the upper body such as the chest and back. The design provides an added layer of impact resistance which is especially important for activities such as kayaking, jet skiing or paddleboarding, where collisions and sudden impacts are common.

[0230] The back and chest protective elements 120,121 are configured to provide impact protection to the torso thereby helping to minimise the risk of injury from direct hits or falls. The chest protective element 121 is positioned to cover the front of the body may extend across the ribcage and sternum thereby helping to protect the most vulnerable parts of the torso against impact forces that could occur during high-speed activities or encounters with rough surfaces.

[0231] According to various embodiments a back protective element 120 may be integrated into the rear of the life jacket 101 and may be arranged to provide impact protection for the spine. The back protective element 120 may be configured to fit snugly along the natural curvature of the spine offering a protective layer that disperses energy from impacts while maintaining comfort. This configuration ensures that, even when the wearer is engaged in rigorous activities or subjected to unpredictable movements, the back protective element 120 remains in place providing consistent protection to the wearer.

[0232] The life jacket 101 may also include additional features such as adjustable straps and buckles which ensure a secure fit over a wetsuit and accommodate various body sizes. It will be appreciated, therefore, that the life jacket 101 according to various embodiments has a high degree of adjustability and allows the chest and back protective elements 121 ,120 to remain secure in place regardless of the wearer’s movements. The one or more straps and / or buckles can be tightened to hold the life jacket 101 closer to the body thereby preventing the protective elements 120,121 from shifting during vigorous activities. Alternatively, during less vigorous activity the one or more straps and / or buckles can be loosened.

[0233] Fig. 22 shows front and rear views of two different life jackets 101 according to different embodiments. The life jackets 101 are similar to the life jackets 101 shown and described with reference to Fig. 21 except that a back protective element is omitted.

[0234] Fig. 23 shows another embodiment wherein a life jacket 101 may be provided in combination with a wetsuit 100 in order to provide over full-body protection and lifesaving protection in terms of buoyancy. In particular, as shown in Fig. 23 according to an embodiment a life jacket 101 may be provided having two chest protective elements 121 and a back protective element 120 whilst the wetsuit 100 may be provided with hip protective elements 123a, knee protective elements 124 and shin protective elements 125. According to an embodiment the hip protective elements 123a may comprise a single hip protective element 123a as shown in Fig. 23 which covers both the upper hip and the lower hip. Alternatively, the hip protective element may comprise separate upper and lower hip protective elements.

[0235] Fig. 24 shows front and rear views of a combination according to an embodiment which is similar to the embodiment shown and described with regards Fig. 23 but wherein the back protective element is removed or omitted.

[0236] One or more of the protective elements which are either permanently incorporated into the life jacket 101 and / or the wetsuit 100 as shown in Figs. 23 and 24 may comprise one or more of polypropylene (“PP”) plastic, ethylene-vinyl acetate (“EVA”) foam or another impact-absorbing material. According to various embodiment the protective elements may comprise a polypropylene outer deflective layer which affords a rigid protective layer that disperses impact forces upon contact thereby effectively reducing the risk of injury. The material's lightweight and durable nature allows the life jacket 101 and / or wetsuit 100 to provide robust protection without hindering the wearer’s mobility or adding excessive weight. According to various embodiments one or more layers of EVA foam may be provided below the outer protective layer in order to provide shock absorption and to cushioning the body against impacts thereby enhancing overall comfort. The foam’s flexibility allows it to conform to the body's natural contours, ensuring that the protective elements fit snugly against the chest, back and sides.

[0237] Figs. 23 and 24 also show how a life jacket 101 and a wetsuit 100 according to various embodiments may be worn together with the various protective elements of the life jacket 101 complementing the various protective elements of the wetsuit 100 to provide impact protection to the body. For instance, while the life jacket 101 according to various embodiments primarily covers the upper body, the wetsuit 100 according to various embodiments may extend impact protection to the hips, knees and shins so that a wearer is provided with full frontal impact protection and in the case of the embodiment shown and described with reference to Fig. 23 also back protection.

[0238] The combination of a life jacket 101 and a wetsuit 100 according to various embodiments is particularly beneficial for activities that involve frequent transitions between water and land, as it ensures that the wearer is protected regardless of the environment.

[0239] The modular nature of the protection system as shown and described in relation to Figs. 23 and 24 allows for easy removal and adjustment of the individual protective elements. At least some of the various protective elements may be attached to or secured to the life jacket 101 and / or the wetsuit 100 using methods such as VELCRO (RTM) closures, zippers or tolerance-fit pockets, pouches or compartments thereby enabling the wearer to quickly attach, insert or remove protective elements as needed. This design offers a high degree of flexibility allowing the wearer to adapt their gear to changing conditions, such as removing the back protective element 120 for a more lightweight setup during low-risk activities or including a back protective element 120 and optionally adding further chest protective elements 121 when engaging in high-impact sports.

[0240] The modularity also extends the lifespan and functionality of the life jacket 101 and / or wetsuit 100 according to various embodiments. It will be appreciated that in situations where a protective element may become worn or damaged then according to various embodiments the protective element can be simply replaced or swapped without needing to purchase a new life jacket 101 or wetsuit 100. Additionally, the removable nature of at least some of the protective elements facilitates cleaning and maintenance, as the one or more protective elements can be removed from the life jacket 101 or wetsuit 100 for thorough washing and drying thereby preventing the buildup of salt, sand or moisture that could potentially degrade the materials overtime. Fig. 25 shows front and rear views of a wetsuit jacket 100a which may be worn over the top of a wetsuit according to an embodiment. As will be described in more detail below with reference to Figs. 26 and 27, embodiments are contemplated wherein a life jacket may be worn over the top of the wetsuit jacket 100a. According to various embodiments the wetsuit jacket 100a may include sleeves as shown in Fig. 25. Embodiments are contemplated wherein the wetsuit jacket 100a in combination with a wetsuit and a life jacket may provide the highest level of full-body protection. The wetsuit jacket 100a is particular suitable for protecting a wearer engaged in a variety of different water-based activities such as surfing, diving, wakeboarding and other potentially high- impact sports where both mobility and impact protection are beneficial. The wetsuit jacket 100a may be configured to ensure that a wearer can move freely and naturally while still being shielded from potential impacts, abrasions, and injuries.

[0241] The wetsuit jacket 100a according to various embodiments may comprise one or more shoulder protective elements 130 and / or one or more elbow protective elements 131.

[0242] Fig. 26 shows front and rear views of an embodiment wherein a wearer may wear a wetsuit 100 and a wetsuit jacket 100a as shown and described above in relation to Fig. 25 over the top of the wetsuit 100. In addition, a wearer may also wear a life jacket 101 over the top of the wetsuit jacket 100a so that the wearer is afforded full-body protection by wearing a combination of garments which comprise one or more back protective elements 120 which may be incorporated into the life jacket 101 (and / or the wetsuit jacket 100a and / or the wetsuit 100) together with other protective elements which provide impact protection in respect of other key body areas.

[0243] According to various embodiments the wetsuit 100 and / or the wetsuit jacket 100a and / or the life jacket 101 may comprise one or more chest protective elements 121. In the particular embodiment shown in Fig. 26 the one or more chest protective elements 121 are shown attached to the life jacket 101 but equally the one or more chest protective elements 121 may be attached to, inserted into or otherwise incorporated into the wetsuit jacket 100a and / or the underlying wetsuit 100.

[0244] Similarly, the life jacket 101 may be modified to include shoulder protection and it is contemplated that the life jacket 101 could include one or more shoulder protective elements 130.

[0245] Also, although the wetsuit jacket 100a is shown incorporating one or more elbow protective elements 131 , equally instead or in addition one or more elbow protective elements 131 could be incorporated into the wetsuit 100 which is worn underneath the wetsuit jacket. As shown in Fig. 26, the wetsuit 100 may include one or more hip protective elements 123a and / or one or more knee protective elements 124 and / or one or more shin protective elements 125.

[0246] According to various embodiments the life jacket 101 may be tailored so as to be worn over the wetsuit 100 thereby enhancing the overall protective capabilities of the wearer in various high-impact water sports such as jet skiing, kayaking and surfing. The combination of the life jacket 101 , wetsuit 100 and wetsuit jacket 100a provides a multilayered protection system that protects a wearer against impact forces whilst at the same time maintaining the wearer's flexibility and mobility.

[0247] According to the particular embodiments shown and described with relation to Fig. 26 a back protective element 120 may be incorporated into either the life jacket 101 , wetsuit jacket 100a or wetsuit 100 and wherein the back protective element 120 as shown may be modified so as to extend to also protect the upper shoulders of the wearer. It will be appreciated that the back protective element 120 serves to protect the upper and lower back, protecting the spine and surrounding areas from impacts. The design of the back protective element can vary depending on the intended use and the level of protection required. The back protective element 120 and the other protective elements may comprise a combination of hard-shell materials, such as polypropylene (“PP”) plastic. According to various embodiments the rear of the various protective elements may also include one or more foam layers which serve either to deflect the force of impacts or alternatively may comprise a foam such as ethylene-vinyl acetate (“EVA”) foam which provides cushioning and shock absorption.

[0248] Fig. 27 shows a combination of a life jacket 101 , wet suit jacket 100a and wet suit 100 according to another embodiment which is substantially the same as the embodiment shown and described with relation to Fig. 26 except that the back protective element may be omitted. This embodiment demonstrates the versatility and adaptability of the life jacket’s design and allows a wearer to choose between different types of life jackets 101 and to modify or omit specific protective elements based on their individual needs, preferences or the nature of their water activities. By removing the back protection, the life jacket 101 focuses upon safeguarding other areas of the body such as the chest whilst the wetsuit jacket 100a seeks to protect the wearers shoulders and elbows, and the bottom layer of wetsuit seeks to protect the wearer’s hips, knees and shins whilst at the same time the combination affords overall a lightweight and flexible option for the wearer.

[0249] The exclusion of back protection in Fig. 27 may be suitable for activities that involve less risk of direct impacts to the spine such as recreational swimming, paddleboarding or snorkelling. In such circumstances, the wearer may prioritise freedom of movement and comfort over the need for full back coverage. Despite the absence of back protection, the life jacket 101 in this configuration still delivers significant safety features. The chest protective element 121 element continues to cover the upper torso, providing a shield against frontal collisions and falls. The hip protection remains integrated along the sides of the wetsuit 100 ensuring that the wearer is guarded against lateral impacts. Furthermore, knee and shin protective elements 124,125 which may be incorporated into the wetsuit 100 to complement the overall protection afforded to a wearer.

[0250] The modular design which is apparent from the embodiment shown and described with reference to Fig. 27 highlights the ability of a wearer to adapt their wetsuit 100, wetsuit jacket 100a and life jacket 101 in order to accommodate different water activities and wearer preferences. Wearers can easily customise their level of protection by adding or removing protective elements as needed. This approach allows the combination of a life jacket 101 , wetsuit 100 and optional wetsuit jacket 100a to cater for a wide range of wearers, from extreme sports enthusiasts to casual swimmers, and enables wearers of different skill levels and toleration of risk to seek an appropriate level of protection for their chosen activity.

[0251] Fig. 28 shows front and rear views of an embodiment comprising a sleeveless wetsuit vest 200 having one or more chest protective elements 201 and one or more back protective elements 202. According to various embodiments the vest 200 may comprise neoprene or lycra. According to embodiments the vest 200 may comprise a rash shirt or stretchable open mesh vest with chest protective elements 201 and / or back protective elements 202. Embodiments are also contemplated wherein the sleeveless wetsuit vest 200 (or rash shirt or stretchable open mesh vest) may comprise just one or more chest protective elements 201 (i.e. without any back protective element 202). Other embodiments are contemplated wherein the sleeveless wetsuit vest 200 (or rash shirt or stretchable open mesh vest) may comprise just one or more back protective elements 202 (i.e. without any front protective element). The sleeveless wetsuit vest 200 (or rash shirt or stretchable open mesh vest) may comprise a unitary piece of neoprene or other fabric (such as lycra) which a wearer may put on by placing it over their head (as opposed to using a zip). According to various embodiments the sleeveless wetsuit vest 200 may comprise a zipless garment. According to various embodiments the one or more chest protective elements 201 and / or the one or more back protective elements 202 may be stitched, glued or otherwise permanently attached to the wetsuit vest 200. However, other embodiments are contemplated wherein the one or more chest protective elements 201 and / or the one or more back protective elements 202 may be inserted into one or more pockets provided on either the front and / or rear of the wetsuit vest 200 (or rash shirt or stretchable open mesh vest). Embodiments are also contemplated wherein the chest protective element(s) 201 and / or back protective element(s) 202 may be removably attached to the garment of the wetsuit vest 200 (or rash shirt or stretchable open mesh vest), for example using VELCO (RTM) or similar methods for removably attaching items.

[0252] As will be explained in more detail below, the wetsuit vest 200 (or rash shirt or stretchable open mesh vest) may be worn in a variety of different configurations. For example, as shown in Figs. 29A-29C the wetsuit vest 200 (or rash shirt or stretchable open mesh vest) may be worn over the top of a full length body wetsuit 300 and a life jacket 400 may optionally then be worn over the top of the wetsuit vest 200 (or rash shirt or stretchable open mesh vest).

[0253] Fig. 29A shows front and rear views of an embodiment comprising a wetsuit vest 200 (or rash shirt or stretchable open mesh vest) having one or more chest protective elements 201 and one or more back protective elements 202 wherein as shown in Fig. 29B the wetsuit vest 200 (or rash shirt or stretchable open mesh vest) may worn over the top of a full length wetsuit 300. The full length wetsuit 300 may comprise upper and lower hip protective elements and / or knee protective elements and / or shin protective elements. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 29C a life jacket 400 may optionally be worn on top of the wetsuit vest 200 (which is worn over the top of the wetsuit 300).

[0254] Fig. 30A shows front and rear views of an embodiment comprising a wetsuit vest 200 (or rash shirt or stretchable open mesh vest) having one or more chest protective elements 201 and one or more back protective elements 202. Front and rear views are shown in Fig. 30B of a full length body wetsuit 300 having upper and lower hip protective elements, knee protective elements and shin protective elements. According to an embodiment as shown in Fig. 30C (which shows front and rear views) a life jacket 400 may be worn over the top of the full length wetsuit 300 and a wetsuit vest 200 (or rash shirt or stretchable open mesh vest) according to various embodiments may then be worn on top of the life jacket 400.

[0255] In the various embodiments described above reference is made to polypropylene (“PP”) as being one option in terms of a suitable material particularly with regards the outer shell or component of one of the protective elements described above which may be incorporated into a wetsuit, wetsuit jacket or life jacket. However, according to other embodiments the outer shell or component may be made from an alternative material such as high-density polyethylene (“HDPE”) which has excellent impact resistance and durability while remaining relatively lightweight. HDPE is also particularly effectively at dispersing impact forces in a similar many to PP, but HDPE is more flexible making it a particularly suitable material for areas of the body that require a balance between protection and movement.

[0256] Further embodiments are contemplated wherein one or more back protective elements, one or more chest protective elements, one or more hip protective elements, one or more knee protective elements, one or more shin protective elements, one or more shoulder protective elements or one or more elbow protective elements may comprise a combination of materials. For example, one or more portions of the protective element may comprise a material such as PP and another portion of the protective element may comprise a material such as HDPE which provides the overall protective element with a degree of flexibility.

[0257] According to other embodiments at least a portion or the whole of the protective element may be made from polycarbonate (“PC”) which is a tough and transparent thermoplastic. Accordingly, embodiments are contemplated wherein at least some of the protective elements especially those attached to or inserted onto the outside of, for example, a wetsuit, wetsuit jacket or life jacket may be substantially see through or otherwise transparent. Polycarbonate also has a higher impact strength that PP and hence may be configured to provide an enhanced level of protection against sudden impacts and collisions. Its natural transparency also allows for the incorporation of aesthetic design elements, such as embedded graphics or branding, without compromising the protective qualities of the material.

[0258] According to another embodiment acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (“ABS”) may be utilised to fabricate at least some of the protective elements. ABS has a high level of toughness and resistance to various physical stresses, making it ideal for use in protective elements that may encounter harsh environments or rough handling.

[0259] For applications where flexibility and shock absorption may be of particular concern then other embodiments are contemplated wherein at least some of the protective elements may be fabricated from thermoplastic elastomers (“TPE”) or thermoplastic polyurethane (“TPU”). It will be appreciated that such materials combine the elasticity of rubber with the processing advantages of plastics, allowing them to mould to the body's contours while still providing impact resistance. TPE and TPU are particularly useful in areas that require greater mobility, such as knee or hip protective elements, as they offer a softer more pliable form of protection compared to hard plastics like PP.

[0260] Each of these alternatives offers distinct advantages depending on the specific needs of the protective gear. The choice of material can be influenced by factors such as the desired balance between rigidity and flexibility, the level of impact resistance required and the environmental conditions in which the gear will be used.

[0261] According to various embodiments instead of or in addition to utilising ethylenevinyl acetate (“EVA”) foam for use in rear padding of protective elements of wetsuits, wetsuit vests, wetsuit jackets and life jackets, alternative materials may be utilised. For example, one alternative material which may be utilised is polyurethane (“PU”) foam which is flexible and provides a high level of cushioning and energy absorption. PU form is highly versatile and can be fabricated having various densities and hence allows for customised protective elements to be provided which provide different levels of impact resistance. Polyurethane foam offers superior shock absorption and comfort due to its soft, flexible nature. It is also resistant to wear, making it a durable option for protective gear. Additionally, PU foam can be moulded into complex shapes, allowing for ergonomic designs that contour to the body. This makes it ideal for use in areas that require a balance of comfort and protection, such as knee protective elements, hip protective elements or back protective elements especially in activities that demand a high range of motion.

[0262] Closed-cell polyethylene (“PE”) foam is another alternative. It is a lightweight, buoyant material with excellent shock-absorbing capabilities. PE foam is more rigid compared to EVA and hence can provide additional structural support in areas where it is needed. PE foam is also highly resistant to water absorption, chemicals and UV radiation and hence is particularly durable in aquatic environments. It will be understood that PE has a closed-cell structure and as a result it does not easily compress and thus is capable of providing consistent protection during repeated impacts. Accordingly, PE foam is particularly suitable for use in protecting potentially high-impact areas such as the chest, shin and back and for applications where buoyancy is important, such as in life jackets.

[0263] According to various embodiments the one or more protective elements may be at least partially fabricated from neoprene foam which is a synthetic rubber with a closedcell structure which offers flexibility, water resistance and impact absorption. Neoprene foams retain their protective qualities even when exposed to water and varying temperatures, making it an excellent option for water sports gear. Neoprene foam provides a comfortable, snug fit and highly flexible fitting which is ideal for bodyconforming protective elements. Its water-resistant properties make it particularly suitable for components that may be directly exposed to moisture, such as knee and hip protective elements in wetsuits.

[0264] It will be appreciated that a wearer may have a range of different discrete protective elements made from different materials (such as polypropylene, polyurethane foam, polyethylene foam and neoprene foam etc.) and may select a particular protective element comprising a particular material dependent on whether the wearer seeks to maximise impact resistance, to enhance buoyancy, to increase flexibility or to enjoy a greater level of comfort.

[0265] According to other embodiments a rash shirt may be provided. In addition to the embodiments described above, it will be appreciated that a rash shirt, also referred to as a rash vest or rash guard, may be utilised as a protective garment during water-based activities. Rash shirts are typically fabricated from lightweight, stretchable materials such as lycra, polyester or nylon, and are designed to fit closely to the body, thereby providing comfort and ease of movement. The principal function of a rash shirt is to shield the wearer’s skin from irritation, abrasion and exposure to ultraviolet radiation, making it particularly suitable for activities such as surfing, swimming and snorkelling. Rash shirts may be provided in both short-sleeved and long-sleeved variants, with the choice of sleeve length determined by the intended activity and the level of sun protection required. In some embodiments, rash shirts may incorporate additional features such as flatlock stitching to minimise skin irritation, quick-drying properties and integrated pockets or compartments for convenience. Furthermore, according to various embodiments, a rash shirt may be configured to include one or more protective elements, such as chest or back protective elements, which may be either permanently secured to the garment or removably attached or inserted into dedicated pockets, pouches or compartments. The inclusion of such protective elements enhances the impact resistance and abrasion protection afforded by the rash shirt, thereby making it suitable for a wider range of water sports and activities.

[0266] It will also be understood that alternatives to the types of clothing described above may be utilised in accordance with the present invention. For example, swim shirts may be employed, which are similar to rash shirts and provide UV protection and abrasion resistance, but are typically less form-fitting. Board shorts may be worn for surfing, swimming and other water sports, and may be paired with rash shirts or swim shirts for comprehensive coverage. Dry suits may be utilised in colder conditions to keep the wearer completely dry, and may incorporate integrated protective elements for impact resistance. Buoyancy aids, which are similar to life jackets but less bulky, may be used in activities such as kayaking or canoeing where freedom of movement is important. Impact vests, which are designed to provide enhanced protection against impacts and collisions, may be worn over or under other water sports apparel. Thermal tops and leggings may be employed to provide insulation and warmth, and may be fabricated from neoprene or other insulating materials. Sun protection garments, which offer maximum protection against UV radiation, may include features such as high UPF- rated fabrics, long sleeves and collars. Spray tops and jackets, which are lightweight and water-resistant, may be used to protect the wearer from wind and spray during activities such as sailing or windsurfing.

[0267] It will be appreciated that the choice of garment may depend on the specific requirements of the activity, the environmental conditions and the desired balance between protection, comfort and manoeuvrability. The modular approach described herein may be applied to a wide range of water sports apparel, allowing for the integration of protective elements into various types of clothing to enhance safety, adaptability and wearer comfort. It will be understood that the modular nature of the protective system described herein not only enhances the adaptability of the garment but also contributes to improved hygiene and maintenance. Removable protective elements may be detached for cleaning, drying or inspection, thereby preventing the build-up of salt, sand, or other debris and ensuring that the garment remains in optimal condition for repeated use. The described system also allows for the selective upgrading of protective elements as new materials or technologies become available. For example, a wearer may choose to replace an existing protective element with one fabricated from a more advanced impactresistant material or with improved ergonomic features, without the need to replace the entire garment.

[0268] In addition, the ability to interchange protective elements between garments of similar design or size provides further flexibility and cost-effectiveness. For instance, a protective element designed for a wetsuit may also be compatible with a wetsuit vest or a rash shirt, allowing the wearer to assemble a tailored set of equipment for different activities or environmental conditions.

[0269] The garments may also be provided in a range of colours, patterns or finishes, including reflective or high-visibility options, to enhance safety in low-light conditions or to meet personal aesthetic preferences.

[0270] Furthermore, the described approach supports the development of protective garments for a wide range of users, including children, adults, and individuals with specific anatomical requirements. The system may be adapted for use in therapeutic or rehabilitative contexts, where targeted protection or support is required for particular body regions.

[0271] It will be appreciated that the invention is not limited to water sports and may be applied to other activities where impact protection, abrasion resistance, and modularity are desirable, such as cycling, snow sports, or certain occupational environments.

[0272] While particular embodiments have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

Claims1 . A wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket comprising a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the body portion comprises: one or more first protective elements, wherein the one or more first protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the body portion; a zippered pocket, pouch or compartment located on the back of the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket or wetsuit jacket; and a back protective element configured so as to be insertable into the zippered pocket, pouch or compartment; wherein the back protective element comprises: an outer component comprising a plurality of linked or interconnected first components, wherein the plurality of linked or interconnected first components are flexible or movable relative to each other; an inner component comprising one or more layers of perforated foam; and one or more rivets which fasten the outer component to the inner component.

2. A wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket comprising a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the body portion comprises: one or more first protective elements, wherein the one or more first protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the body portion; and wherein the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket further comprises: one or more first attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements.

3. A wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in claim1 or 2, wherein: the one or more first attachment or insertion portions comprise one or more pockets, pouches or compartments into which one or more second removable protective elements may be inserted in use; and / or the one or more first attachment or insertion portions comprise one or more hook- and-loop fastening mechanisms configured to attach to one or more second removable protective elements in use.

4. A wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in claim 1 , 2 or 3, wherein the one or more first attachment or insertion portions comprise one or more clips, hooks, buckles, magnets or fastening devices configured to secure to one or more second removable protective elements in use.

5. A wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the body portion comprises an innermost surface which isclosest to the body of a wearer in use and an outermost surface, wherein the one or more first attachment or insertion portions are provided on the innermost surface and / or on the outermost surface.

6. A wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the body portion comprises at least one chest portion having one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

7. A wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the body portion comprises at least one back portion having one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

8. A wetsuit as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the body portion comprises at least one upper hip portion having one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

9. A wetsuit as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the body portion comprises at least one lower hip portion having one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

10. A wetsuit as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the body portion comprises at least one knee portion having one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

11. A wetsuit as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the body portion comprises at least one shin portion having one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

12. A wetsuit, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the body portion comprises a front portion which lies adjacent a chest of a wearer in use and a rear portion which lies adjacent a back of the wearer in use, wherein the front portion and / or the rear portion comprise one or more opening and fastening mechanisms to facilitate a wearer putting on and / or taking off the wetsuit or life jacket in use.

13. A wetsuit, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the body portion comprises one or more shoulder portions which lie adjacent a shoulder of a wearer in use, wherein the one or more shoulder portions comprise one or more opening and fastening mechanisms to facilitate a wearer putting on and / or taking off the wetsuit, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket in use.

14. A wetsuit, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the body portion comprises one or more side portions which lie adjacent a side of a wearer in use, wherein the one or more side portions comprise one or more opening and fastening mechanisms to facilitate a wearer putting on and / or taking off the wetsuit, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket in use.

15. A wetsuit, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the body portion comprises one or more arm portions which lies adjacent an arm of a wearer in use, wherein the one or more arm portions comprise one or more opening and fastening mechanisms to facilitate a wearer putting on and / or taking off the wetsuit, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket in use.

16. A wetsuit as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the body portion comprises one or more leg portions which lie adjacent a leg of a wearer in use, wherein the one or more leg portions comprise one or more opening and fastening mechanisms to facilitate a wearer putting on and / or taking off the wetsuit in use.

17. A wetsuit, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in any of claims 12- 16, wherein the opening and fastening mechanism comprises one or more zips or zippers, one or more buttons or poppers, one or more magnets, or one or more hook- and-loop fastening mechanisms.

18. A wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the one or more first protective elements are permanently attached to the body portion by stitching, an adhesive, ultrasonic welding, heating welding or a permanent locking mechanism.

19. A wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the body portion further comprises one or more adjustable straps which enable at least a portion of the body portion to be tightened, loosened or otherwise adjusted.

20. A wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the one or more first protective elements comprise polypropylene (“PU”), carbon fibre, KEVLAR (RTM), neoprene, polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate, elastomeric foam, silicone gel, thermoplastic polyurethane, polycarbonate, rubber or an impact-resistant plastic.21 . A wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the one or more first protective elements have a maximum thickness of < 2 mm, 2-4 mm, 4-6 mm, 6-8 mm, 8-10 mm, 10-15 mm, 15-20 mm, 20-25 mm, 25-30 mm, 30-35 mm, 35-40 mm, 40-45 mm, 45-50 mm, 50-55 mm, 55-60 mm, 60- 65 mm, 65-70 mm, 70-75 mm, 75-80 mm, 80-85 mm, 85-90 mm, 90-95 mm, 95-100 mm or > 100 mm.

22. A wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the one or more first protective elements are rigid or deformable.

23. A wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the one or more first protective elements comprise a plurality of linked or interconnected first components, wherein either: (i) the plurality of linked or interconnected first components are flexible or movable relative to each other; or (ii) the plurality of linked or interconnected first components are rigidly linked or interconnected to prevent relative movement.

24. Apparatus comprising: a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket as claimed in any of claims 1-23; and one or more second removable protective elements for attaching to or inserting into the one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

25. Apparatus as claimed in claim 24, wherein the one or more second removable protective elements comprise polypropylene (“PU”), carbon fibre, KEVLAR (RTM), neoprene, polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate, elastomeric foam, silicone gel, thermoplastic polyurethane, polycarbonate, rubber or an impact-resistant plastic.

26. Apparatus as claimed in claim 24 or 25, wherein the one or more second removable protective elements have a maximum thickness of < 2 mm, 2-4 mm, 4-6 mm, 6-8 mm, 8-10 mm, 10-15 mm, 15-20 mm, 20-25 mm, 25-30 mm, 30-35 mm, 35-40 mm, 40-45 mm, 45-50 mm, 50-55 mm, 55-60 mm, 60-65 mm, 65-70 mm, 70-75 mm, 75-80 mm, 80-85 mm, 85-90 mm, 90-95 mm, 95-100 mm or > 100 mm.

27. Apparatus as claimed in claim 24, 25 or 26, wherein the one or more second removable protective elements are rigid or deformable.

28. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 24-27, wherein the one or more second removable protective elements comprise a plurality of linked or interconnected first components, wherein either: (i) the plurality of linked or interconnected first components are flexible or movable relative to each other; or (ii) the plurality of linked or interconnected first components are rigidly linked or interconnected to prevent relative movement.

29. A combination comprising: a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket, wherein the wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket comprises a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the body portion comprises: (i) one or more one ormore first protective elements, wherein the one or more first protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the body portion and wherein the one or more first protective elements comprise polypropylene (“PU”), carbon fibre, KEVLAR (RTM), neoprene, polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate, silicone gel, thermoplastic polyurethane, polycarbonate, rubber or an impact-resistant plastic; and (ii) one or more first attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements; and one or more second removable protective elements for attaching to or inserting into the one or more first attachment or insertion portions, wherein the one or more second removable protective elements comprise polypropylene (“PU”), carbon fibre, KEVLAR (RTM), neoprene, polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate, silicone gel, thermoplastic polyurethane, polycarbonate, rubber or an impact-resistant plastic.

30. A method of manufacturing a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket comprising: forming a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer; fixedly attaching or permanently securing to the body portion one or more first protective elements; and forming on the body portion one or more first attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements.31 . A method comprising: providing a wetsuit, wetsuit vest, life jacket, rash shirt or wetsuit jacket comprising a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the body portion comprises: (i) one or more one or more first protective elements, wherein the one or more first protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the body portion; and (ii) one or more first attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more first protective elements; and attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements to or into the one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

32. Apparatus comprising: a wetsuit comprising a first body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the first body portion comprises one or more first protective elements, wherein the one or more first protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the first body portion, and wherein the wetsuit further comprises one or more first attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements; and / or a life jacket comprising a second body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the second body portion comprises one or more third protective elements, wherein the one or more third protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the second body portion, and wherein the life jacket furthercomprises one or more second attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more fourth removable protective elements; and / or a wetsuit jacket comprising a third body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the third body portion comprises one or more fifth protective elements, wherein the one or more fifth protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the third body portion, and wherein the wetsuit jacket further comprises one or more third attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more sixth removable protective elements; and / or a rash shirt comprising a fourth body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the fourth body portion comprises one or more seventh protective elements, wherein the one or more seventh protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the fourth body portion, and wherein the rash shirt further comprises one or more fourth attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more eighth removable protective elements.33 Apparatus as claimed in claim 32, further comprising: one or more second removable protective elements for attaching to or inserting into the one or more first attachment or insertion portions.

34. Apparatus as claimed in claim 32 or 33, further comprising: one or more fourth removable protective elements for attaching to or inserting into the one or more second attachment or insertion portions.

35. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 32, 33 or 34, further comprising: one or more sixth removable protective elements for attaching to or inserting into the one or more third attachment or insertion portions; and / or one or more eighth removable protective elements for attaching to or inserting into the one or more fourth attachment or insertion portions.

36. A wetsuit jacket comprising a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the body portion comprises: one or more shoulder protective elements; and one or more elbow protective elements; wherein at least some of the one or more shoulder protective elements and / or the one or more elbow protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the first body portion; and wherein the wetsuit jacket further comprises one or more first attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more second removable protective elements.

37. A wetsuit vest or rash shirt comprising a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the body portion comprises a front portion and a rear portion, wherein:the front portion comprises one or more chest protective elements, wherein the one or more chest protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the front portion; and the rear portion comprises one or more first attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more back removable protective elements.

38. A wetsuit vest or rash shirt comprising a body portion which is worn, in use, by a wearer, wherein the body portion comprises a front portion and a rear portion, wherein: the front portion comprises one or more first attachment or insertion portions for attaching or inserting one or more removable chest protective elements; and the rear portion comprises one or more back protective elements, wherein the one or more back protective elements are fixedly attached or otherwise permanently secured to the rear portion.

39. A combination comprising: a wetsuit vest or rash shirt having a first body portion, one or more chest protective elements and one or more back protective elements, wherein at least some of the protective elements are permanently attached to the first body portion and at least some of the protective elements are removably attachable to the first body portion; a wetsuit having a second body portion, one or more hip protective elements and / or one or more knee protective elements and / or one or more shin protective elements, wherein at least some of the protective elements are permanently attached to the second body portion and at least some of the protective elements are removably attachable to the second body portion; and a life jacket having a third body portion.

40. A combination as claimed in claim 39, wherein the wetsuit vest or rash shirt is wearable over the wetsuit and under the life jacket.41 . A combination as claimed in claim 39 or 40, wherein the life jacket is wearable over the wetsuit or rash shirt, and wherein the wetsuit vest is wearable over the life jacket.

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