Channel selection method based on shared-fiber transmission, and related device

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of quantum communications, and provides a channel selection method and apparatus based on shared-fiber transmission, a device, a medium, and a computer program product. The method comprises: acquiring signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein the communication channels are transmission channels which are used for transmitting communication signals and are among a plurality of transmission channels for shared-fiber transmission; generating at least one channel allocation scheme on the basis of service requirement information and the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein each channel allocation scheme comprises one or more communication channels; determining the noise intensity of each channel allocation scheme for a quantum channel, wherein the quantum channel is a transmission channel which is used for transmitting quantum signals and is among the plurality of transmission channels for shared-fiber transmission; and determining the channel allocation scheme having the minimum noise intensity among the at least one channel allocation scheme to serve as a target channel allocation scheme for shared-fiber transmission with the quantum channel. The present disclosure can significantly improve the performance of a shared-fiber transmission system in application scenarios having a low classical communication capacity.

Description

Channel selection method and related equipment based on co-fiber transmission

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411514218.9, filed on October 28, 2024, entitled "Channel Selection Method, Apparatus, Device and Medium Based on Shared Fiber Transmission", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure relates to the field of quantum communication technology, and in particular to a channel selection method, apparatus, device, medium, and computer program product based on co-fiber transmission. Background Technology

[0004] Quantum communication technology uses quantum states as carriers to transmit quantum or classical information. Communication methods based on quantum communication technology, utilizing properties such as quantum indivisibility, the non-cloning of quantum states, and quantum entanglement to protect secret information and ensure secure information transmission, are called quantum secure communication technologies. Among these, quantum key distribution (QKD) technology has received widespread attention in recent years due to its status as the only information-theoretically provable security technology in the field of quantum information, and it is gradually moving from theory to practical application. Taking optical fiber transmission as an example, quantum key distribution requires two optical fiber channels: one for transmitting classical information and the other for transmitting quantum information. Laying an additional optical fiber would increase the cost of deploying QKD equipment. Therefore, integrating QKD technology into existing optical fiber network infrastructure is an effective way to promote the practical application and industrialization of QKD technology.

[0005] Currently, the co-fiber transmission scheme of classical optical communication and quantum key distribution still requires two transmission channels. In application scenarios where optical fiber resources are scarce, if a new optical fiber channel is laid without considering the cost, the additional deployment of the optical fiber channel will not only greatly increase the deployment difficulty, but also increase the user cost, which is not conducive to the overall promotion and development of the industry. Therefore, the co-fiber transmission scheme of classical optical communication and quantum key distribution has great development prospects.

[0006] In related technologies, commonly used co-fiber transmission schemes are based on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), mainly divided into coarse WDM (taking the OC scheme as an example) and dense WDM (taking the CC scheme as an example). In the OC scheme, the large wavelength separation between classical and quantum signals effectively reduces the noise introduced into the QKD system by the classical signal due to nonlinear effects. However, due to the large insertion loss in the O-band, the transmission distance of the OC scheme is limited, making it more suitable for short-distance metropolitan area network transmission. In the CC scheme, the smaller insertion loss in the C-band fiber allows for long-distance transmission in backbone networks. However, the nonlinear effects of classical signals have a significant impact on the QKD system; therefore, reducing the impact of classical noise on quantum signals is key to achieving high code-rate co-fiber transmission of classical and quantum signals.

[0007] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This disclosure provides a channel selection method, apparatus, device, medium, and computer program product based on co-fiber transmission, which at least to some extent overcomes the problem in related technologies that noise generated by classical signals has a significant impact on quantum signals.

[0009] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part by practice of this disclosure.

[0010] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission is provided, comprising: acquiring signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein the communication channel is a transmission channel for transmitting communication signals among multiple transmission channels in co-fiber transmission; generating at least one channel allocation scheme based on service requirement information and the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein each channel allocation scheme includes one or more communication channels; determining the noise intensity of each channel allocation scheme for a quantum channel, wherein the quantum channel is a transmission channel for transmitting quantum signals among multiple transmission channels in co-fiber transmission; and determining the channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity among the at least one channel allocation scheme as the target channel allocation scheme for co-fiber transmission with the quantum channel.

[0011] In some embodiments, obtaining the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel includes: obtaining all communication channels in the target optical network device; filtering out communication channels that meet preset conditions from all communication channels, and obtaining the signal transmission capability information of the remaining communication channels, wherein the preset condition is that the communication channel belongs to the communication channel within the filtering component of the target optical network device.

[0012] In some embodiments, each channel allocation scheme includes at least one of the following noises in the quantum channel: channel crosstalk noise, spontaneous Raman scattering noise, or four-wave mixing noise.

[0013] In some embodiments, determining the noise intensity of each channel allocation scheme for the quantum channel includes: if the signal to be transmitted in the service requirement information is a single-wavelength communication signal, then determining the noise intensity of a first mixed noise generated by each channel allocation scheme for the quantum channel based on the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein the first mixed noise is noise generated by a mixture of channel crosstalk noise and spontaneous Raman scattering noise; if the signal to be transmitted in the service requirement information is a multi-wavelength communication signal, then determining the noise intensity of a second mixed noise generated by each channel allocation scheme for the quantum channel based on the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein the second mixed noise is noise generated by a mixture of channel crosstalk noise, spontaneous Raman scattering noise, and four-wave mixing noise.

[0014] In some embodiments, the noise intensity of the first mixed noise is given by the following formula: pclassical1=min{p SRSi +p ci}, i∈{1,2,…,N};

[0015] Where pclassical1 represents the noise intensity of the first mixed noise, p SRSi p represents the noise intensity of the spontaneous Raman scattering noise generated by the i-th communication channel on the quantum channel. ci Let represent the noise intensity of the channel crosstalk noise generated by the i-th communication channel to the quantum channel, and min{} is used to calculate the minimum value of the data.

[0016] In some embodiments, the noise intensity of the second mixed noise is given by the following formula: pclassical2=min{∑p SRSi +∑p ci +∑p FWMijk}; i,j,k∈m,m∈{1,2,…,M};

[0017] Where pclassical2 represents the noise intensity of the second mixed noise, p SRSi p represents the noise intensity of the spontaneous Raman scattering noise generated by the i-th communication channel to the quantum channel in the m-th channel allocation scheme. ci p represents the noise intensity of the channel crosstalk noise generated by the i-th communication channel to the quantum channel in the m-th channel allocation scheme. FWMijkLet represent the noise intensity of the four-wave mixing noise generated by the i-th, j-th, and k-th communication channels on the quantum channel in the m-th channel allocation scheme. ∑() is used to calculate the sum of the data, and min{} is used to calculate the minimum value of the data.

[0018] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a channel selection device based on co-fiber transmission is also provided, comprising: a transmission capability information acquisition module, configured to acquire signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein the communication channel is a transmission channel used for transmitting communication signals among multiple transmission channels in co-fiber transmission; a channel allocation scheme generation module, configured to generate at least one channel allocation scheme according to service requirement information and signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein each channel allocation scheme includes one or more communication channels; a noise intensity determination module, configured to determine the noise intensity of each channel allocation scheme for a quantum channel, wherein the quantum channel is a transmission channel used for transmitting quantum signals among multiple transmission channels in co-fiber transmission; and a target channel allocation scheme selection module, configured to determine the channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity among the at least one channel allocation scheme as the target channel allocation scheme for co-fiber transmission with the quantum channel.

[0019] According to another aspect of this disclosure, an electronic device is also provided, comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to perform the channel selection method based on cofiber transmission described above by executing the executable instructions.

[0020] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission as described in any one of the preceding claims.

[0021] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a computer program product is also provided, comprising: a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission of any one of the above.

[0022] The embodiments of this disclosure provide a channel selection method, apparatus, device, medium, and computer program product based on co-fiber transmission. These embodiments acquire signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, combine it with service demand information to generate at least one channel allocation scheme, determine the noise intensity of each channel allocation scheme for the quantum channel, and determine the channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity as the target channel allocation scheme for co-fiber transmission with the quantum channel. These embodiments can significantly improve the performance of co-fiber transmission systems in application scenarios with low classical communication capacity.

[0023] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0025] Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary application system architecture diagram of the channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0026] Figure 2 shows a flowchart of a channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0027] Figure 3 shows a flowchart of another channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0028] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of a channel selection device based on co-fiber transmission in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0029] Figure 5 shows a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that this disclosure will be more comprehensive and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0031] Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted. Some block diagrams shown in the drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities may be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different network and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0032] To facilitate understanding, before introducing the embodiments of this disclosure, the following explanations are provided for several terms involved in the embodiments of this disclosure:

[0033] QKD: Quantum Key Distribution, a method for generating symmetric keys by transmitting quantum states between communicating parties, which theoretically possesses information-theoretic security at the protocol level.

[0034] The specific implementation methods of the embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary application system architecture for which the channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission in the embodiments of this disclosure can be applied. As shown in Figure 1, the system architecture may include a first classical optical communication system 101, a first quantum key distribution system 102, and a multiplexing module 1051 located at the transmitting end, and a second classical optical communication system 103, a second quantum key distribution system 104, and a demultiplexing module 1052 located at the receiving end.

[0036] The first classical optical communication system 101 includes classical signal modules (classical signal module 1, classical signal module 2, ..., classical signal module n) and an optical multiplexing module; the first quantum key distribution system 102 includes a quantum signal module, a synchronization signal module, a negotiation signal module, and a wavelength division multiplexing module; the second classical optical communication system 103 includes classical signal modules (classical signal module 1, classical signal module 2, ..., classical signal module n) and an optical demultiplexing module; and the second quantum key distribution system 104 includes a quantum signal module, a synchronization signal module, a negotiation signal module, and a wavelength division multiplexing module.

[0037] In one embodiment of this disclosure, both the first classical optical communication system 101 and the second classical optical communication system 103 can be used to transmit classical communication services. Depending on the number of channels of the classical service channel, the first classical optical communication system 101 may include a corresponding number of classical signal modules and optical multiplexing modules, and the second classical optical communication system 103 may include a corresponding number of classical signal modules and optical demultiplexing modules.

[0038] In one embodiment of this disclosure, in the first quantum key distribution system 102 and the second quantum key distribution system 104, the quantum signal module can be used to enable the two communicating parties to negotiate and generate a quantum key, the synchronization signal module can be used to synchronize the clock signals of the two communicating parties, and the negotiation signal module can be used to perform post-processing and other operations on the original key generated by the two communicating parties based on quantum key distribution (QKD).

[0039] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the multiplexing module 1051 and demultiplexing module 1052 can multiplex and co-transmit classical communication signals, quantum key distribution signals, synchronization signals, and negotiation signals according to the type of transmission channel. Furthermore, in addition to filtering functions, the multiplexing module 1051 and demultiplexing module 1052 also need to implement multiplexing and demultiplexing. For example, the demultiplexing module 1052 can filter out spontaneous Raman scattering noise and channel crosstalk noise generated by the classical signal outside the quantum channel during co-fiber transmission.

[0040] Those skilled in the art will understand that the number of classic signal modules in Figure 1 is merely illustrative, and any number of classic signal modules can be used according to actual needs. This disclosure does not limit this.

[0041] Under the above system architecture, this disclosure provides a channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission, which can be executed by any electronic device with computing capabilities.

[0042] Figure 2 shows a flowchart of a channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 2, the channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission provided in this embodiment of the disclosure includes the following steps:

[0043] S202, obtain the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein the communication channel is the transmission channel used to transmit communication signals among multiple transmission channels in the co-fiber transmission.

[0044] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the communication channel may refer to a classical channel, which is typically used to transmit classical signals (i.e., conventional communication signals). The signal transmission capability information may include, but is not limited to, network topology, bandwidth, wavelength, transmission distance, channel capacity, etc. of the classical communication channel, which are used to represent the ability of classical signals to effectively transmit information in a classical optical communication system.

[0045] S204, Based on the service requirement information and the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, generate at least one channel allocation scheme, wherein each channel allocation scheme includes one or more communication channels.

[0046] In one embodiment of this disclosure, a classical optical communication system can determine the allocation method of all selectable classical communication signals based on service requirements and the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, that is, determine all selectable channel allocation schemes, and at the same time determine the wavelength and power information under each channel allocation scheme.

[0047] S206, determine the noise intensity of the quantum channel for each channel allocation scheme, wherein the quantum channel is the transmission channel used to transmit quantum signals among multiple transmission channels in co-fiber transmission.

[0048] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the introduced classical channel noise can be evaluated at the QKD receiver using classical signals of different initial wavelengths. For example, it can be assumed that the quantum channel wavelength is 1550.12 nm and the classical channel capacity is 100 Gbps, and based on this, the noise intensity of each channel allocation scheme on the quantum channel under different service requirements can be evaluated.

[0049] S206, the channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity among at least one channel allocation scheme is determined as the target channel allocation scheme for co-fiber transmission with the quantum channel.

[0050] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the noise intensity of the quantum channel for each obtained channel allocation scheme can be sorted in ascending order, and the channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity can be determined as the target channel allocation scheme for co-fiber transmission with the quantum channel. It should be noted that any method that can obtain the channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity, such as sorting in descending order, can also be used in this embodiment of the disclosure, and this disclosure does not specifically limit this method.

[0051] As described above, this embodiment of the present disclosure generates at least one channel allocation scheme by acquiring the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel and combining it with the service requirement information. It then determines the noise intensity of each channel allocation scheme on the quantum channel and identifies the channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity as the target channel allocation scheme for co-fiber transmission with the quantum channel. This embodiment of the present disclosure can significantly improve the performance of the co-fiber transmission system in application scenarios with low classical communication capacity.

[0052] In one embodiment of this disclosure, S202 includes: acquiring all communication channels in the target optical network device; filtering out communication channels that meet preset conditions from all communication channels, and acquiring signal transmission capability information of the remaining communication channels, wherein the preset condition is that the communication channel belongs to the communication channel within the filtering component of the target optical network device.

[0053] In one embodiment of this disclosure, all channels for classical communication can be initially selected. The wavelengths of some of these channels may fall within the bandwidth of the filter components in the optical multiplexing module. Simultaneously, all other classical channels available for co-fiber transmission within the quantum and synchronization channel bands need to be excluded to ensure normal communication of the quantum signal, synchronization signal, and negotiation signal. Therefore, filters of appropriate wavelengths can be used to exclude wavelengths occupied by the quantum module, synchronization module, and negotiation signal module, leaving the remaining wavelengths for co-fiber transmission.

[0054] In one embodiment of this disclosure, each channel allocation scheme includes at least one of the following noises for the quantum channel: channel crosstalk noise, spontaneous Raman scattering noise, or four-wave mixing noise.

[0055] In one embodiment of this disclosure, all available classical communication channels are traversed by initially setting classical signals of different wavelengths for all devices used to transmit classical signals, and the introduced classical channel noise is evaluated at the QKD receiver.

[0056] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the noise introduced into the quantum channel by the nonlinear effects of classical signals mainly consists of channel crosstalk noise, spontaneous Raman scattering noise, and four-wave mixing noise. Channel crosstalk noise refers to the interference between signals caused by the accidental coupling of a signal from one channel to another, primarily limited by the isolation of the demultiplexing module and the overall wave demultiplexing module. Spontaneous Raman scattering noise typically originates from the inelastic interaction of photons and phonons. When the spectral bandwidth exceeds 200 nm, classical signals can cover the quantum signal range, generating spontaneous Raman scattering noise. Four-wave mixing noise refers to the nonlinear noise generated when two or more pump fields propagate in the same direction and pass through the third-order nonlinear interaction in an optical fiber. When this noise falls within the quantum channel, it forms four-wave mixing noise.

[0057] In one embodiment of this disclosure, S206 includes: if the signal to be transmitted in the service requirement information is a single-wavelength communication signal, then based on the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, determining the noise intensity of the first mixed noise generated by each channel allocation scheme on the quantum channel, wherein the first mixed noise is noise generated by a mixture of channel crosstalk noise and spontaneous Raman scattering noise; if the signal to be transmitted in the service requirement information is a multi-wavelength communication signal, then based on the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, determining the noise intensity of the second mixed noise generated by each channel allocation scheme on the quantum channel, wherein the second mixed noise is noise generated by a mixture of channel crosstalk noise, spontaneous Raman scattering noise and four-wave mixing noise.

[0058] In one embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the quantum channel is 1550.12 nm and the classical channel capacity is 100 Gbps. When transmitting a single classical signal through the classical channel, only spontaneous Raman scattering noise and channel crosstalk noise affect the QKD system. In this case, by inputting classical signals of different wavelengths and iterating through the spontaneous Raman scattering noise and channel crosstalk noise introduced into the QKD system by each classical signal, the classical channel corresponding to the wavelength with the lowest noise intensity is selected as the target channel allocation scheme.

[0059] In one embodiment of this disclosure, when transmitting classical signals of multiple wavelengths through a classical channel, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the impact of channel crosstalk noise, spontaneous Raman scattering noise, and four-wave mixing noise on the QKD system. In this case, by inputting classical signals of different wavelengths and traversing all possible channel allocation schemes through permutations and combinations, the channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity generated by the quantum channel is selected as the target channel allocation scheme.

[0060] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the noise intensity of the first mixed noise is given by the following formula: pclassical1=min{p SRSi +p ci}, i∈{1,2,…,N}; (1)

[0061] Where pclassical1 represents the noise intensity of the first mixed noise, p SRSi p represents the noise intensity of the spontaneous Raman scattering noise generated by the i-th communication channel on the quantum channel. ci Let represent the noise intensity of the channel crosstalk noise generated by the i-th communication channel to the quantum channel, and min{} is used to calculate the minimum value of the data.

[0062] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the noise intensity of the second mixed noise is given by the following formula: pclassical2=min{∑p SRSi +∑p ci +∑p FWMijk}; i,j,k∈m,m∈{1,2,…,M}; (2)

[0063] Where pclassical2 represents the noise intensity of the second mixed noise, p SRSi p represents the noise intensity of the spontaneous Raman scattering noise generated by the i-th communication channel to the quantum channel in the m-th channel allocation scheme. ci p represents the noise intensity of the channel crosstalk noise generated by the i-th communication channel to the quantum channel in the m-th channel allocation scheme. FWMijk Let represent the noise intensity of the four-wave mixing noise generated by the i-th, j-th, and k-th communication channels on the quantum channel in the m-th channel allocation scheme. ∑() is used to calculate the sum of the data, and min{} is used to calculate the minimum value of the data.

[0064] In one embodiment of this disclosure, assuming there are N available classic channels, they can be combined into M different channel allocation schemes according to service requirements. For example, if there are 10 classic channels, 5 classic channels can be selected for shared fiber transmission according to service requirements, i.e., there is C1. 5Given 0 different channel allocation schemes, we iterate through all the different channel allocation schemes and select the one with the minimum noise intensity on the quantum channel as the target channel allocation scheme.

[0065] It should be noted that no specific limitations are made on how to select the target channel allocation scheme, and the embodiments of this disclosure do not make specific limitations on the selection of the optimal channel allocation scheme.

[0066] In one embodiment of this disclosure, if it is a multi-user application scenario, multiple QKD channels are required. In this case, time-division multiplexing can be used for multi-user communication.

[0067] In one embodiment of this disclosure, conventional time-domain and frequency-domain based filtering methods are compatible, such as time-domain filtering by adjusting the gate width of a single-photon detector and frequency-domain filtering by adding a narrowband filter at the receiver of a quantum key distribution system.

[0068] In one embodiment of this disclosure, other co-fiber transmission wavelength suppression schemes are compatible, such as selecting quantum channel wavelengths within the intervals of classical channels, thereby suppressing classical noise introduced by four-wave mixing effects and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the co-fiber transmission system.

[0069] In one embodiment of this disclosure, various forms of multiplexing modules can be used. It should be noted that the choice depends on the actual optical fiber of the transmission channel. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), mode division multiplexing (MDM), and space division multiplexing (SDM) methods can all be implemented. For example, if the transmission channel is a single-mode optical fiber, a WDM multiplexer and demultiplexer can be used, i.e., WDM; if the transmission channel is a few-mode optical fiber, a few-mode optical fiber multiplexer and demultiplexer can be used, i.e., mode division multiplexing; if the transmission channel is a multi-core optical fiber, a fan-in device and a fan-out device can be used, i.e., SDM; if the transmission channel is a few-mode-multi-core optical fiber, a fan-in device and a fan-out device can be used, i.e., SDM.

[0070] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the optimal classical signal configuration in a quantum key distribution system is selected through pre-evaluation. Specifically, this involves evaluating the noise introduced into the quantum channel by classical signals of different wavelengths during co-fiber transmission, thereby obtaining the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for all classical signal wavelengths in the co-fiber system. When configuring classical communication services, wavelength selection is used to obtain the optimal classical channel, thus improving the SNR of the entire co-fiber transmission system. This embodiment requires no hardware modifications to the classical communication equipment and quantum key distribution equipment; only an internal noise evaluation process needs to be added to achieve an optimized co-fiber transmission system, making it highly practical. Furthermore, it can significantly improve the performance of co-fiber transmission systems in scenarios with lower optical communication capacity requirements (not fully configured equipment) and higher single-wavelength classical signal power, making it more suitable for applications with lower classical communication capacity and thus highly practical.

[0071] Figure 3 shows a flowchart of another channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 3, it includes the following steps:

[0072] S301, obtain all communication channels available for classic communication.

[0073] S302, filter out communication channels that meet the preset conditions, and obtain the channel transmission capability information of the remaining communication channels.

[0074] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the preset conditions are that the wavelength of the communication channel is the same as the wavelength occupied by the quantum signal module, the synchronization signal module, and the negotiation signal module, and the communication channel falls within the bandwidth of the filtering component of the multiplexing module.

[0075] S303, based on service requirement information and signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, generates at least one channel allocation scheme.

[0076] S304 determines the noise intensity of the quantum channel for each channel allocation scheme by using a variety of communication signals of different wavelengths initially set.

[0077] In one embodiment of this disclosure, if the signal to be transmitted in the service requirement information is a single-wavelength communication signal, the noise intensity of the first mixed noise generated by each channel allocation scheme for the quantum channel can be determined by the above formula (1) based on the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel.

[0078] In one embodiment of this disclosure, if the signal to be transmitted in the service requirement information is a multi-wavelength communication signal, the noise intensity of the second mixed noise generated by each channel allocation scheme for the quantum channel can be determined by the above formula (2) based on the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel.

[0079] S305, determine the channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity among at least one channel allocation scheme as the target channel allocation scheme for co-fiber transmission with the quantum channel.

[0080] In one embodiment of this disclosure, a target channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity is determined, which is the channel allocation scheme with the highest signal-to-noise ratio. The co-fiber transmission of classical and quantum signals is carried out through this target channel allocation scheme to optimize the entire co-fiber transmission system and complete the entire communication process.

[0081] As described above, this embodiment of the present disclosure generates at least one channel allocation scheme by acquiring the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel and combining it with the service requirement information. It then determines the noise intensity of each channel allocation scheme on the quantum channel and identifies the channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity as the target channel allocation scheme for co-fiber transmission with the quantum channel. This embodiment of the present disclosure can significantly improve the performance of the co-fiber transmission system in application scenarios with low classical communication capacity.

[0082] In one embodiment of this disclosure, only a noise pre-assessment step needs to be added before co-fiber transmission. This step assesses the noise introduced by different classical channels based on the capacity requirements of classical communication, and selects the classical channel with the lowest introduced noise to optimize the co-fiber transmission system, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the co-fiber system. This solution requires no hardware modification to the optical transport network (OTN) and QKD equipment, effectively improving the performance of the co-fiber transmission system and further promoting the practical development of QKD technology.

[0083] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a channel selection device based on shared fiber transmission, as described in the following embodiments. Since the principle by which this device embodiment solves the problem is similar to that of the above-described method embodiments, the implementation of this device embodiment can refer to the implementation of the above-described method embodiments, and repeated details will not be elaborated further.

[0084] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of a channel selection device based on co-fiber transmission in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4, the device includes: a transmission capability information acquisition module 401, a channel allocation scheme generation module 402, a noise intensity determination module 403, and a target channel allocation scheme selection module 404.

[0085] The transmission capability information acquisition module 401 is configured to acquire signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein the communication channel is a transmission channel used for transmitting communication signals among multiple transmission channels in co-fiber transmission; the channel allocation scheme generation module 402 is configured to generate at least one channel allocation scheme based on service requirement information and signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein each channel allocation scheme includes one or more communication channels; the noise intensity determination module 403 is configured to determine the noise intensity of each channel allocation scheme for the quantum channel, wherein the quantum channel is a transmission channel used for transmitting quantum signals among multiple transmission channels in co-fiber transmission; and the target channel allocation scheme selection module 404 is configured to determine the channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity among the at least one channel allocation scheme as the target channel allocation scheme for co-fiber transmission with the quantum channel.

[0086] As described above, this embodiment of the present disclosure generates at least one channel allocation scheme by acquiring the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel and combining it with the service requirement information. It then determines the noise intensity of each channel allocation scheme on the quantum channel and identifies the channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity as the target channel allocation scheme for co-fiber transmission with the quantum channel. This embodiment of the present disclosure can significantly improve the performance of the co-fiber transmission system in application scenarios with low classical communication capacity.

[0087] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the transmission capability information acquisition module 401 is further configured to acquire all communication channels in the target optical network device; filter out communication channels that meet preset conditions from all communication channels, and acquire the signal transmission capability information of the remaining communication channels, wherein the preset condition is that the communication channel belongs to the communication channel within the filtering component in the target optical network device.

[0088] In one embodiment of this disclosure, each channel allocation scheme includes at least one of the following noises for the quantum channel: channel crosstalk noise, spontaneous Raman scattering noise, or four-wave mixing noise.

[0089] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the noise intensity determination module 403 is further configured to, if the signal to be transmitted in the service requirement information is a single-wavelength communication signal, determine the noise intensity of the first mixed noise generated by each channel allocation scheme on the quantum channel based on the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein the first mixed noise is noise generated by a mixture of channel crosstalk noise and spontaneous Raman scattering noise; if the signal to be transmitted in the service requirement information is a multi-wavelength communication signal, determine the noise intensity of the second mixed noise generated by each channel allocation scheme on the quantum channel based on the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein the second mixed noise is noise generated by a mixture of channel crosstalk noise, spontaneous Raman scattering noise and four-wave mixing noise.

[0090] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the noise intensity of the first mixed noise is calculated using the above formula (1).

[0091] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the noise intensity of the second mixed noise is calculated using the above formula (2).

[0092] In one embodiment of this disclosure, it is assumed that the quantum channel is 1550.12 nm and the classical channel capacity is 100 Gbps. When transmitting a single classical signal through the classical channel, only spontaneous Raman scattering noise and channel crosstalk noise affect the QKD system. In this case, by inputting classical signals of different wavelengths and iterating through the spontaneous Raman scattering noise and channel crosstalk noise introduced into the QKD system by each classical signal, the classical channel corresponding to the wavelength with the lowest noise intensity is selected as the target channel allocation scheme.

[0093] In one embodiment of this disclosure, when transmitting classical signals of multiple wavelengths through a classical channel, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the impact of channel crosstalk noise, spontaneous Raman scattering noise, and four-wave mixing noise on the QKD system. In this case, by inputting classical signals of different wavelengths and traversing all possible channel allocation schemes through permutations and combinations, the channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity generated by the quantum channel is selected as the target channel allocation scheme.

[0094] In one embodiment of this disclosure, if it is a multi-user application scenario, multiple QKD channels are required. In this case, time-division multiplexing can be used for multi-user communication.

[0095] In one embodiment of this disclosure, conventional time-domain and frequency-domain based filtering methods are compatible, such as time-domain filtering by adjusting the gate width of a single-photon detector and frequency-domain filtering by adding a narrowband filter at the receiver of a quantum key distribution system.

[0096] In one embodiment of this disclosure, other co-fiber transmission wavelength suppression schemes are compatible, such as selecting quantum channel wavelengths within the intervals of classical channels, thereby suppressing classical noise introduced by four-wave mixing effects and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the co-fiber transmission system.

[0097] In one embodiment of this disclosure, various forms of multiplexing modules can be used. It should be noted that the choice depends on the actual optical fiber of the transmission channel. Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), mode division multiplexing (MDM), and space division multiplexing (SDM) methods can all be implemented. For example, if the transmission channel is a single-mode optical fiber, a WDM multiplexer and demultiplexer can be used, i.e., WDM; if the transmission channel is a few-mode optical fiber, a few-mode optical fiber multiplexer and demultiplexer can be used, i.e., mode division multiplexing; if the transmission channel is a multi-core optical fiber, a fan-in device and a fan-out device can be used, i.e., SDM; if the transmission channel is a few-mode-multi-core optical fiber, a fan-in device and a fan-out device can be used, i.e., SDM.

[0098] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the optimal classical signal configuration in a quantum key distribution system is selected through pre-evaluation. Specifically, this involves evaluating the noise introduced into the quantum channel by classical signals of different wavelengths during co-fiber transmission, thereby obtaining the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for all classical signal wavelengths in the co-fiber system. When configuring classical communication services, wavelength selection is used to obtain the optimal classical channel, thus improving the SNR of the entire co-fiber transmission system. This embodiment requires no hardware modifications to the classical communication equipment and quantum key distribution equipment; only an internal noise evaluation process needs to be added to achieve an optimized co-fiber transmission system, making it highly practical. Furthermore, it can significantly improve the performance of co-fiber transmission systems in scenarios with lower optical communication capacity requirements (not fully configured equipment) and higher single-wavelength classical signal power, making it more suitable for applications with lower classical communication capacity and thus highly practical.

[0099] It should be noted that the examples and application scenarios implemented by the modules in the above device embodiments and the corresponding steps in the method embodiments are the same, but are not limited to the content disclosed in the above method embodiments. It should also be noted that the above modules, as part of the device, can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions.

[0100] Those skilled in the art will understand that various aspects of this disclosure can be implemented in the following forms: a completely hardware implementation, a completely software implementation (including firmware, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software implementations, which can be collectively referred to herein as a "circuit", "module" or "system".

[0101] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides an electronic device, which includes: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to execute the channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission described above by executing the executable instructions. Since the principle by which this electronic device solves the problem is similar to that of the above method embodiments, the implementation of this electronic device embodiment can refer to the implementation of the above method embodiments, and repeated details will not be elaborated further.

[0102] The electronic device 500 according to this embodiment of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to FIG5. The electronic device 500 shown in FIG5 is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0103] As shown in Figure 5, the electronic device 500 is presented in the form of a general-purpose computing device. The components of the electronic device 500 may include, but are not limited to: at least one processing unit 510, at least one storage unit 520, and a bus 530 connecting different system components (including storage unit 520 and processing unit 510).

[0104] The storage unit stores program code that can be executed by the processing unit 510, causing the processing unit 510 to perform the steps described in the "Exemplary Methods" section of this specification according to various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. For example, the processing unit 510 can perform the following steps of the above method embodiments: obtaining signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein the communication channel is a transmission channel used for transmitting communication signals among multiple transmission channels in co-fiber transmission; generating at least one channel allocation scheme based on service requirement information and the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein each channel allocation scheme includes one or more communication channels; determining the noise intensity of each channel allocation scheme for the quantum channel, wherein the quantum channel is a transmission channel used for transmitting quantum signals among multiple transmission channels in co-fiber transmission; and determining the channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity among the at least one channel allocation schemes as the target channel allocation scheme for co-fiber transmission with the quantum channel.

[0105] Storage unit 520 may include a readable medium in the form of a volatile storage unit, such as random access memory (RAM) 5201 and / or cache memory 5202, and may further include a read-only memory (ROM) 5203.

[0106] Storage unit 520 may also include a program / utility 5204 having a set (at least one) program module 5205, such program module 5205 including but not limited to: operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules and program data, each or some combination of these examples may include an implementation of a network environment.

[0107] Bus 530 can represent one or more of several types of bus structures, including a memory cell bus or memory cell controller, a peripheral bus, a graphics acceleration port, a processing unit, or a local bus using any of the various bus structures.

[0108] Electronic device 500 can also communicate with one or more external devices 540 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, Bluetooth device, etc.), and with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with electronic device 500, and / or with any device that enables electronic device 500 to communicate with one or more other computing devices (e.g., router, modem, etc.). This communication can be performed via input / output (I / O) interface 550. Furthermore, electronic device 500 can also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and / or public networks, such as the Internet) via network adapter 560. As shown, network adapter 560 communicates with other modules of electronic device 500 via bus 530. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figures, other hardware and / or software modules can be used in conjunction with electronic device 500, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems.

[0109] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the exemplary embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of this disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, external hard drive, etc.) or on a network, including several instructions to cause a computing device (such as a personal computer, server, terminal device, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods according to the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0110] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission described above. Since the principle by which this computer-readable storage medium embodiment solves the problem is similar to that of the above method embodiments, the implementation of this computer-readable storage medium embodiment can refer to the implementation of the above method embodiments, and repeated details will not be elaborated further.

[0111] More specific examples of computer-readable storage media in this disclosure may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0112] In this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A readable signal medium may also be any readable medium other than a readable storage medium, capable of transmitting, propagating, or transmitting a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0113] In some embodiments, program code contained on a computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0114] In practical implementation, program code for performing the operations of this disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can execute entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's device, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In cases involving remote computing devices, the remote computing device can be connected to the user's computing device via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computing device (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0115] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a computer program product, including a computer program or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission according to any one of the above method embodiments. Since the principle by which this computer program product embodiment solves the problem is similar to that of the above method embodiments, the implementation of this computer program product embodiment can refer to the implementation of the above method embodiments, and repeated details will not be elaborated further.

[0116] It should be noted that although several modules or units for the device used to perform actions have been mentioned in the detailed description above, this division is not mandatory. In fact, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above can be embodied in one module or unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one module or unit described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple modules or units.

[0117] Furthermore, although the steps of the method in this disclosure are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that the steps must be performed in that specific order, or that all the steps shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additional or alternative steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or a step may be broken down into multiple steps.

[0118] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the exemplary embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of this disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, external hard drive, etc.) or on a network, including several instructions to cause a computing device (such as a personal computer, server, mobile terminal, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods according to the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0119] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission, comprising: Obtain signal transmission capability information for each communication channel, wherein the communication channel is a transmission channel used for transmitting communication signals among multiple transmission channels in a shared fiber transmission; Based on business requirements and signal transmission capacity information of each communication channel, at least one channel allocation scheme is generated, wherein each channel allocation scheme includes one or more communication channels; Determine the noise intensity of the quantum channel for each channel allocation scheme, wherein the quantum channel is a transmission channel used for transmitting quantum signals among multiple transmission channels in co-fiber transmission; The channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity among the at least one channel allocation schemes is determined as the target channel allocation scheme for co-fiber transmission with the quantum channel.

2. The channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission according to claim 1, wherein, The acquisition of signal transmission capability information for each communication channel includes: Acquire all communication channels in the target optical network device; Filter out communication channels that meet preset conditions from all communication channels, and obtain the signal transmission capability information of the remaining communication channels, wherein the preset condition is that the communication channel belongs to the communication channel within the filtering component of the target optical network device.

3. The channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission according to claim 1, wherein, Each channel allocation scheme introduces at least one of the following noises into the quantum channel: channel crosstalk noise, spontaneous Raman scattering noise, or four-wave mixing noise.

4. The channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission according to claim 3, wherein, Determining the noise intensity of the quantum channel for each channel allocation scheme includes: If the signal to be transmitted in the service requirement information is a single-wavelength communication signal, then the noise intensity of the first mixed noise generated by each channel allocation scheme for the quantum channel is determined according to the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel. The first mixed noise is the noise generated by the mixture of channel crosstalk noise and spontaneous Raman scattering noise. If the signal to be transmitted in the service requirement information is a multi-wavelength communication signal, then the noise intensity of the second mixed noise generated by each channel allocation scheme for the quantum channel is determined according to the signal transmission capability information of each communication channel. The second mixed noise is the noise generated by the mixture of channel crosstalk noise, spontaneous Raman scattering noise and four-wave mixing noise.

5. The channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission according to claim 4, wherein, The noise intensity of the first mixed noise is shown by the following formula: pclassical1=min{p SRSi +p ci }, i∈{1,2,…,N}; Where pclassical1 represents the noise intensity of the first mixed noise, p SRSi p represents the noise intensity of the spontaneous Raman scattering noise generated by the i-th communication channel on the quantum channel. ci Let represent the noise intensity of the channel crosstalk noise generated by the i-th communication channel to the quantum channel, and min{} is used to calculate the minimum value of the data.

6. The channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission according to claim 4, wherein, The noise intensity of the second mixed noise is shown in the following formula: pclassical2=min{∑p SRSi +∑p ci +∑p FWMijk }; i,j,k∈m,m∈{1,2,…,M}; Where pclassical2 represents the noise intensity of the second mixed noise, p SRSi p represents the noise intensity of the spontaneous Raman scattering noise generated by the i-th communication channel to the quantum channel in the m-th channel allocation scheme. ci p represents the noise intensity of the channel crosstalk noise generated by the i-th communication channel to the quantum channel in the m-th channel allocation scheme. FWMijk Let represent the noise intensity of the four-wave mixing noise generated by the i-th, j-th, and k-th communication channels on the quantum channel in the m-th channel allocation scheme. ∑() is used to calculate the sum of the data, and min{} is used to calculate the minimum value of the data.

7. A channel selection device based on shared fiber transmission, comprising: The transmission capability information acquisition module is configured to acquire signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein the communication channel is a transmission channel used for transmitting communication signals among multiple transmission channels in a co-fiber transmission. The channel allocation scheme generation module is configured to generate at least one channel allocation scheme based on service requirement information and signal transmission capability information of each communication channel, wherein each channel allocation scheme includes one or more communication channels; The noise intensity determination module is configured to determine the noise intensity of the quantum channel for each channel allocation scheme, wherein the quantum channel is a transmission channel used for transmitting quantum signals among multiple transmission channels in co-fiber transmission. The target channel allocation scheme selection module is configured to determine the channel allocation scheme with the lowest noise intensity among the at least one channel allocation schemes as the target channel allocation scheme for co-fiber transmission with the quantum channel.

8. An electronic device, comprising: processor; as well as Memory for storing the executable instructions of the processor; The processor is configured to execute the channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 6 by executing the executable instructions.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, comprising: A computer program or instruction that, when executed by a processor, implements the channel selection method based on co-fiber transmission as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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