Transparent wiring substrate

Abstract

A transparent wiring substrate (100) comprises a substrate (10) and a wiring pattern (24A). The wiring pattern (24A) has a first cell (24a), a second cell (24b), irregularly shaped first wiring (241) that divides the first cell (24a) and the second cell (24b), a first end point (P1) of the first wiring (241), and a second end point (P2) of the first wiring (241). The portion of the area of the first cell (24a) surrounded by the first wiring (241) and a line segment (HL1) which connects the first end point (P1) and the second end point (P2) is 0.9-1.1 times the portion of the area of the second cell (24b) surrounded by the line segment (HL1) and the first wiring (241).

Description

Transparent wiring substrate

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a transparent wiring substrate. In particular, it relates to a transparent wiring substrate used for heaters, shield plates, reflector plates, antennas, electrodes of dimming films, transparent circuit boards, and the like.

[0002] As a device for preventing or removing fog on the windshield of an automobile, for example, a defroster is used. This defroster is a mechanism that blows warm air toward the windshield by a heater. The defroster has a drawback that it takes time to remove the fog.

[0003] Also, as a device for preventing or removing fog on the rear windshield of an automobile, for example, a rear defogger is used. This rear defogger is configured to directly heat the rear windshield by heating wires arranged on the rear windshield. The rear defogger has a drawback that the visibility is obstructed by the heating wires.

[0004] Therefore, in recent years, for example, the development of a heater using a transparent wiring substrate with wiring made thin to a level where it is difficult to visually detect has been progressing.

[0005] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-131149

[0006] In such a transparent wiring substrate (for example, a transparent wiring substrate provided with a conductive pattern of Patent Document 1), very thin wiring is formed at a high density. Therefore, when strong light is incident on the transparent wiring substrate, light interference is likely to occur and glare is likely to be generated. In particular, when wiring with strong linearity is used, there is a problem that glare appears prominently.

[0007] Furthermore, in the conductive pattern of Patent Document 1, the shape and size of the cells (connecting elements 44) constituting the conductive pattern differ from the shape and size of other cells (see, for example, paragraph 0036 and Figure 4 of Patent Document 1). In other words, in the conductive pattern of Patent Document 1, there is variation in the area of ​​each cell (the size of the opening in each cell) among the multiple cells constituting the conductive pattern. As a result, when a transparent wiring board equipped with the conductive pattern of Patent Document 1 is applied to various products (e.g., heaters, shielding plates, reflectors, antennas, dimming films, etc.), there is a risk of uneven heating or color unevenness occurring throughout the conductive pattern. In other words, conventional transparent wiring boards equipped with conductive patterns have the problem that the quality required for products to which the transparent wiring board is applied cannot be sufficiently guaranteed.

[0008] Therefore, this disclosure has been made in view of these points, and its purpose is to suppress the generation of light rays and to ensure the quality required for products using transparent wiring substrates.

[0009] To achieve the above objective, one embodiment of the present disclosure is a transparent wiring substrate comprising a substrate that transmits visible light and a wiring pattern formed on the substrate. The wiring pattern has a first cell, a second cell adjacent to the first cell, an irregularly shaped first wiring separating the first cell and the second cell, a first endpoint located at the end of the first wiring, and a second endpoint located at the end of the first wiring opposite to the first endpoint. The area of ​​the first cell enclosed by the line segment connecting the first endpoint and the second endpoint and the first wiring is 0.9 times or more and 1.1 times or less the area of ​​the second cell enclosed by the line segment and the first wiring.

[0010] This disclosure suppresses the generation of light rays while ensuring the quality required for products using transparent wiring substrates.

[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic plan view showing the configuration of a heater to which a transparent wiring substrate according to the first embodiment of this disclosure is applied. Figure 2 is a partially enlarged view of part II shown in Figure 1. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of Figure 3 and a partially enlarged view of part B. Figure 4 is a partially enlarged view of the first cell shown in Figure 2. Figure 5 is a partially enlarged view of part V shown in Figure 4. Figure 6 is an image output by simulation showing the state of light ray generation when light is irradiated onto a wiring pattern including a first wiring with a first wiring length coefficient of "1.6". Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing a cell formed in the shape of a regular hexagon as a configuration of the prior art, which differs from the first embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 8 is an image output by simulation showing the state of light ray generation when light is irradiated onto a wiring pattern including the wiring shown in Figure 7 (wiring with a wiring length coefficient of "1.0"). Figure 9 is a diagram equivalent to Figure 4 showing a first cell including a first wiring with a first wiring length coefficient of "1.2". Figure 10 is an image output by simulation showing the state of light ray generation when light is shone on a wiring pattern including the first wiring shown in Figure 9. Figure 11 is a diagram corresponding to Figure 4, showing the first cell including the first wiring, in which the first wiring length coefficient is "2.1". Figure 12 is an image output by simulation showing the state of light ray generation when light is shone on a wiring pattern including the first wiring shown in Figure 11. Figure 13 is a partially enlarged view of the fourth and fifth cells in the second embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 14 is a schematic diagram showing the first and second regions separated by a line segment connecting the third and fourth endpoints in the fourth and fifth cells shown in Figure 13.

[0012] The embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The following descriptions of the embodiments are illustrative in nature and are not intended to limit this disclosure, its applications, or its uses.

[0013] [First Embodiment] A transparent wiring board 100 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 4. In the first embodiment of the present disclosure, an example of application when the transparent wiring board 100 is used as a heater (see reference numeral 100H shown in Figure 1) will be described.

[0014] Furthermore, the application of the transparent wiring board 100 according to the first embodiment of this disclosure is not limited to heater applications. Other application examples of the transparent wiring board 100 include shielding plates, reflectors, antennas, electrodes for dimming films, and transparent circuit boards.

[0015] (Heater) Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the heater 100H as viewed from above. The heater 100H (transparent wiring board 100) shown in Figure 1 has a substrate 10 and a conductive member 20.

[0016] (Substrate) The substrate 10 shown in Figure 1 transmits visible light. The substrate 10 has an insulating base layer 11. The base layer 11 is made of, for example, a transparent resin material. Examples of this resin material include PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PC (polycarbonate), COP (cycloolefin polymer), and COC (cycloolefin copolymer).

[0017] (Conductive Member) As shown in Figure 1, the conductive member 20 is formed on the substrate 10. The conductive member 20 has busbars 21a, 21b, routing wires 22a, 22b, and connection terminals 23a, 23b.

[0018] Busbars 21a and 21b are electrically connected to routing wires 22a and 22b. Routing wires 22a and 22b are electrically connected to connection terminals 23a and 23b. Connection terminals 23a and 23b are connected to a power supply (not shown) located outside the heater 100H.

[0019] (Wiring Pattern) As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the heater 100H (transparent wiring board 100) is provided with a wiring pattern 24A. The wiring pattern 24A is located in the region between the busbars 21a and 21b when viewed from above. In Figure 1, for illustrative purposes, the area where the wiring pattern 24A is located is shown with dot hatching.

[0020] The wiring pattern 24A is made of a conductive material, such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum, or an alloy mainly composed of these materials, and is embedded in a groove 12 (see Figure 3) formed in the base layer 11. The center of the wiring pattern 24A is slightly recessed compared to the surface of the base layer 11.

[0021] The wiring pattern 24A is electrically connected to the busbar 21a. The wiring pattern 24A is electrically connected to the busbar 21b. The busbars 21a and 21b are electrically connected via the wiring pattern 24A.

[0022] When power is supplied to the connection terminals 23a and 23b from the power supply mentioned above, current flows through the wiring pattern 24A via the connection terminals 23a and 23b, the busbars 21a and 21b, and the routing wires 22a and 22b. As a result, the wiring pattern 24A generates heat.

[0023] Next, the wiring pattern 24A will be explained in more detail with reference to Figures 2 to 5.

[0024] (Cell) As shown in Figure 2, the wiring pattern 24A includes multiple cells 25 (multiple unit cells).

[0025] In the first embodiment of this disclosure, for the sake of explanation, any one cell 25 in a plurality of cells 25 will be referred to as the "first cell" (see reference numeral 24a in Figure 2). In addition, any one cell 25 adjacent to the first cell 24a in a plurality of cells 25 will be referred to as the "second cell" (see reference numeral 24b in Figure 2). Furthermore, any one cell 25 that is different from the second cell 24b and adjacent to the first cell 24a in a plurality of cells 25 will be referred to as the "third cell" (see reference numeral 24c in Figure 2).

[0026] (First cell) As shown in Figure 2, the first cell 24a of this embodiment is surrounded by six cells 25 (including the second cell 24b and the third cell 24c). That is, the wiring pattern 24A includes a pattern formed by the first cell 24a and the six cells 25 as a so-called honeycomb structure.

[0027] The inclusion of the honeycomb structure described above in the wiring pattern 24A makes it possible to efficiently arrange multiple cells 25. Furthermore, by configuring the honeycomb structure, the current flowing through the wiring pattern 24A flows efficiently throughout the entire wiring pattern 24A. In other words, it is possible to suppress the concentration of current flowing through the wiring pattern 24A in a specific area. As a result, for example, in a configuration in which the transparent wiring substrate 100 is applied to the heater 100H, it is possible to prevent the wiring pattern 24A from partially burning out due to heat generated in the wiring pattern 24A by current concentration.

[0028] The shape of the first cell 24a differs from the shape of each cell 25. Specifically, the shape of the first cell 24a differs from the shape of the second cell 24b. This suppresses interference of light incident on the transparent wiring substrate 100 between the first cell 24a and the second cell 24b. As a result, the generation of light rays is suppressed.

[0029] (Multiple Wires) As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the first cell 24a is formed by multiple wires 26 (including the first wire 241 described later). In this embodiment, the first cell 24a is formed by six wires 26.

[0030] The shapes of the multiple wirings 26 are all different. As a result, the first cell 24a as a whole has a random shape. Due to this random shape, when light incident on the transparent wiring substrate 100 (incident light) strikes each of the multiple wirings 26, including the first wiring 241, the direction of the light diffracted by each wiring 26 (diffracted light) becomes unpredictable. As a result, the generation of light rays in the first cell 24a is suppressed.

[0031] The wiring 26 is made of a conductive material. This conductive material includes, for example, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, or alloys mainly composed of these materials.

[0032] As shown in Figure 3, the wiring 26 is embedded in grooves 12 formed in the base layer 11. With wiring 26 embedded in grooves 12, side etching (i.e., the phenomenon of the sides of the wiring being scraped off), which occurs with etching and other manufacturing methods, does not occur. In addition, with wiring 26 embedded in grooves 12, the height of the wiring 26 can be increased, unlike the configuration manufactured by etching. As a result, the cross-sectional area of ​​the wiring 26 becomes larger. With a larger cross-sectional area of ​​the wiring 26, the resistance value per unit length of the wiring 26 becomes lower. This makes it possible to maintain a low resistance value of the wiring 26 even when the wiring 26 is made longer. Therefore, the wiring 26 can be formed more irregularly, and the generation of light rays can be suppressed as described later. Note that the approximate center in the width direction on the upper surface of the wiring 26 may be slightly recessed downward from the surface (upper surface) of the base layer 11.

[0033] As shown in Figures 2 and 4, endpoints P are located at the ends of the wiring 26. In this embodiment, endpoints P correspond to the intersections of adjacent wirings 26. The first endpoint P1 and the second endpoint P2, which will be described later, are each one of a plurality of endpoints P.

[0034] Figure 4 shows six line segments HL. Each line segment HL is a virtual line that connects adjacent endpoints P in the first cell 24a in a straight line. In this embodiment, the shape formed by the six line segments HL in the first cell 24a is approximately hexagonal. In other words, in this embodiment, the shape of the first cell 24a is based on an approximately hexagon.

[0035] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, each wire 26 is formed in a non-linear manner. Specifically, each wire 26 in this embodiment intersects each line segment HL irregularly. In other words, the distance between the multiple intersection points of each line segment HL and each wire 26 is not constant. Note that in Figure 5, for the sake of readability, the extension direction of line segment HL (line segment HL1, described later) is shown to be aligned with the left-right direction of the paper in Figure 5.

[0036] Furthermore, the shape of each wire 26 is irregular. Specifically, in each irregularly shaped wire 26, the distance from the peak of any given peak to the peak of an adjacent peak in the wave shape centered on each line segment HL (waveform period) is not constant. In other words, in this embodiment, the shape of each wire 26 differs from a wave shape with a constant period, such as a sine wave. Note that the shape of each wire 26 may also be an irregular shape created by combining multiple sine waves.

[0037] In the first embodiment of this disclosure, the number of wirings 26 is, for example, 100 or more. The shape of each of the wirings 26 is designed, for example, using a program. When designed using a program, there is a possibility that adjacent wirings 26 may intersect near the endpoint P of each wiring 26. When adjacent wirings 26 intersect, this may lead to the generation of foreign matter, uneven heat generation, or reduced visibility during manufacturing. On the other hand, if the amplitude of each wiring 26 is reduced in order to prevent adjacent wirings 26 from intersecting, the irregularity of each wiring 26 decreases. As a result, the countermeasures against light rays described later become insufficient.

[0038] Considering this background, as shown in Figures 2, 4 to 7, the amplitude near the endpoint P of each wire 26 is smaller than the amplitude near the midpoint C between the two endpoints P of each wire 26. In other words, if each line segment HL is divided into 5 equal parts, the amplitude of each wire 26 located in the region including the endpoint P is smaller than the amplitude of each wire 26 located in the center. More specifically, if each line segment HL is divided into n equal parts, the amplitude of the portion including the midpoint C of each wire 26 is 1.5 times or more the amplitude of each wire 26 located in the region including the endpoint P of each wire 26. Here, "n equal parts" refers to, for example, 3 equal parts or 5 equal parts.

[0039] In this embodiment, the peaks of the wave-shaped wiring 26 are formed in a curved shape. Similarly, the troughs of the wave-shaped wiring are also formed in a curved shape. Although not shown in the figures, the peaks and troughs of the wave-shaped wiring do not necessarily have to be formed in a curved shape.

[0040] (First Wiring) Here, in the first embodiment of the present disclosure, for convenience of explanation, any one of the plurality of wirings 26 is referred to as the "first wiring" (see reference numeral 241 shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 5).

[0041] As shown in FIG. 2, the first wiring 241 separates the first cell 24a and the second cell 24b. The first wiring 241 is formed in a wave shape, for example. Specifically, the wave shape of the first wiring 241 is formed in a curved shape.

[0042] Further, the shape of the first wiring 241 is an irregular shape. The first wiring 241 is a wiring formed by combining a plurality of shapes including a spline curve and a combination of a straight line and an arc with different slopes. This enables countermeasures against glare.

[0043] At the ends of the first wiring 241, a first end point P1 and a second end point P2 are located. The first wiring 241 connects the first end point P1 and the second end point P2.

[0044] The first end point P1 is located at the end of the first wiring 241 (the end on the right side of the paper in FIGS. 4 and 5). The second end point P2 is located at the end of the first wiring 241 on the opposite side of the first end point P1 (the end on the left side of the paper in FIGS. 4 and 5).

[0045] As shown in FIG. 2, the first cell 24a and the second cell 24b share the first end point P1, the second end point P2, and the first wiring 241. That is, the first cell 24a and the second cell 24b are adjacent via the first wiring 241.

[0046] The first end point P1 is the point where the wiring 26 (including the first wiring 241) constituting the first cell 24a and the wiring 26 (including the first wiring 241) constituting the second cell 24b intersect. Similarly, the second end point P2 is the point where the wiring 26 (including the first wiring 241) constituting the first cell 24a and the wiring 26 (including the first wiring 241) constituting the second cell 24b intersect.

[0047] Further, the first end point P1 is a branch point of the first wiring 241, the wiring 26 that forms the first cell 24a but does not form the second cell 24b, and the wiring 26 that does not form the first cell 24a but forms the second cell 24b. The same applies to the second end point P2 as to the first end point P2.

[0048] The line segment HL1 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is a virtual line that linearly connects the first end point P1 and the second end point P2. Further, the reference symbol C shown in the figure is the midpoint of the line segment HL1. That is, the distance from the first end point P1 to the midpoint C (dimension L1 shown in FIG. 5) is substantially equal to the distance from the second end point P2 to the midpoint C (dimension L2 shown in FIG. 5). And the first wiring 241 intersects the midpoint C of the line segment HL1.

[0049] By the way, the positional relationship among the first end point P1, the second end point P2, and the midpoint C may have an error in the process of designing or manufacturing the transparent wiring substrate 100 due to temperature, humidity, the state of the device, the state of the substrate, etc. That is, in the process of manufacturing the transparent wiring substrate 100 or the like, a deviation may occur in the positions of the first end point P1, the second end point P2, and the midpoint C. Considering such a case, it is not necessary for the first wiring 241 and the line segment HL1 to strictly intersect at the midpoint C. That is, as long as the intersection point of the first wiring 241 and the line segment HL1 is located in the vicinity of the midpoint C on the line segment HL1 within a range that can suppress the generation of the light beam described later.

[0050] As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the first wiring 241 has a plurality of intersection points Is with the line segment HL1. Specifically, the plurality of points includes the first point Is1, the second point Is2 adjacent to the first point Is1, and the third point Is3 adjacent to the second point Is2.

[0051] The first point Is1 is any one of the multiple points Is mentioned above. In this embodiment, for the sake of explanation, the midpoint C is defined as the "first point Is1". In this case, the point Is adjacent to the midpoint C (first point Is1) on the left or right side of Figure 5 is defined as the "second point Is2". The point Is adjacent to the second point Is2 on the left or right side of Figure 5 is defined as the "third point Is3". The point Is adjacent to the third point Is3 on the left or right side of Figure 5 is defined as the "fourth point Is4".

[0052] In the first wiring 241, the distance between the first point Is1 and the second point Is2 (dimension L3 shown in Figure 5) is greater than the distance between the second point Is2 and the third point Is3 (dimension L4 shown in Figure 5). With this configuration, in this embodiment, the corrugated first wiring 241 irregularly intersects the line segment HL1. That is, the first wiring 241 has an irregular shape. As a result, the generation of light rays can be suppressed.

[0053] In the first wiring 241, the distance between the second point Is2 and the third point Is3 (dimension L4 shown in Figure 5) is greater than the distance between the third point Is3 and the fourth point Is4 (dimension L5 shown in Figure 5).

[0054] Next, the first wiring 241 bends two or more times in the section from the first endpoint P1 to the midpoint C. As shown in Figure 5, the first wiring 241 bends twice between the first endpoint P1 and the midpoint C, on the side of the line segment HL1 where the first cell 24a is located. Also, the first wiring 241 bends twice between the first endpoint P1 and the midpoint C, on the side of the line segment HL1 where the second cell 24b is located.

[0055] In other words, the first wiring 241 has two or more peaks in the section from the first endpoint P1 to the midpoint C. Specifically, in the configuration illustrated in Figure 5, there are a total of four peaks in the section from the first endpoint P1 to the midpoint C. With this configuration, the linearity of the first wiring 241 is weakened in the section from the first endpoint P1 to the midpoint C. As a result, the generation of light rays on the transparent wiring substrate 100 can be suppressed.

[0056] Furthermore, the first wiring 241 bends more than twice in the section from the second endpoint P2 to the midpoint C. As shown in Figure 5, the first wiring 241 bends twice between the second endpoint P2 and the midpoint C, on the side of line segment HL1 where the first cell 24a is located. Also, the first wiring 241 bends twice between the second endpoint P2 and the midpoint C, on the side of line segment HL1 where the second cell 24b is located.

[0057] In other words, the first wiring 241 has two or more peaks in the section from the second endpoint P2 to the midpoint C. Specifically, in the configuration illustrated in Figure 5, there are a total of four peaks in the section from the second endpoint P2 to the midpoint C. With this configuration, the linearity of the first wiring 241 is weakened in the section from the second endpoint P2 to the midpoint C. As a result, the generation of light rays on the transparent wiring substrate 100 can be suppressed.

[0058] Thus, the first wiring 241 is bent three or more times between the first endpoint P1 and the second endpoint P2. With this configuration, the linearity of the first wiring 241 is weakened in the section from the first endpoint P1 to the second endpoint P2 (i.e., over the entire length of the first wiring 241). As a result, the generation of light rays on the transparent wiring substrate 100 can be suppressed.

[0059] Furthermore, as described above, the first wiring 241 illustrated in Figure 5 intersects with the midpoint C of line segment HL1. The line shape of the section of the first wiring 241 from the first endpoint P1 to the midpoint C and the line shape of the section of the first wiring 241 from the second endpoint P2 to the midpoint C are point-symmetric with respect to the midpoint C of line segment HL1 as the center (point of symmetry).

[0060] In this way, by configuring the first wiring 241 to have two or more peaks in the section from the first endpoint P1 to the midpoint C, the linearity can be reduced and the generation of light rays can be suppressed.

[0061] Furthermore, the above-described point-symmetry-based configuration suppresses variations in the area of ​​the first cell 24a enclosed by line segment HL1 and the first wiring 241 (the sum of areas S1, S2, S3, and S4 as exemplified in Figure 5) and the area of ​​the second cell 24b enclosed by line segment HL1 and the first wiring 241 (the sum of areas S5, S6, S7, and S8 as exemplified in Figure 5). In other words, in the relationship between the first cell 24a and the second cell 24b separated by the first wiring 241, there is no bias in the area distribution of each. As a result, for example, in a configuration in which the transparent wiring board 100 is applied to the heater 100H, heat unevenness between the first cell 24a and the second cell 24b in the wiring pattern 24A can be suppressed.

[0062] Furthermore, in heater 100H, the area of ​​the first cell 24a enclosed by line segment HL1 and the first wiring 241 (the sum of areas S1, S2, S3, and S4 as exemplified in Figure 5) is equal to the area of ​​the second cell 24b enclosed by line segment HL1 and the first wiring 241 (the sum of areas S5, S6, S7, and S8 as exemplified in Figure 5). Specifically, the first wiring 241 is bent in the section from the first endpoint P1 to the second endpoint P2 so that the sum of areas S1, S2, S3, and S4 is equal to the sum of areas S5, S6, S7, and S8.

[0063] Therefore, the bending of the first wiring 241 (the irregular shape described above) reduces the difference between the area of ​​adjacent first cells 24a and second cells 24b. As a result, in the configuration in which the transparent wiring board 100 is applied to the heater 100H, heat unevenness between the first cells 24a and second cells 24b is further suppressed.

[0064] In particular, as described above, the line shape of the section of the first wiring 241 from the first endpoint P1 to the midpoint C of line segment HL1 and the line shape of the section of the first wiring 241 from the second endpoint to the midpoint C of line segment HL are point-symmetric with respect to the midpoint C of line segment HL. As a result, the relationships S1=S8, S2=S7, S3=S6, and S4=S5 are established in each area shown in Figure 5. Therefore, in the configuration in which the transparent wiring board 100 is applied to the heater 100H, heat unevenness between the first cell 24a and the second cell 24b can be further suppressed.

[0065] Furthermore, as described above, the positional relationship between the first endpoint P1, the second endpoint P2, and the midpoint C may be subject to errors during the design or manufacturing process of the transparent wiring board 100 due to temperature or humidity, the state of the device, the state of the substrate, etc. In other words, a shift in the position of the first endpoint P1, the second endpoint P2, and the midpoint C may occur during the manufacturing process of the transparent wiring board 100. On the other hand, from the perspective of suppressing the difference between the area of ​​adjacent first cells 24a and second cells 24b due to the bending (irregular shape) of the first wiring 241, a certain degree of positional shift is acceptable within the scope of the concept of this disclosure.

[0066] (Characteristic configuration of the first embodiment) As described above, considering the range of acceptable positional displacement, in the transparent wiring board 100, for example, the area of ​​the first cell 24a enclosed by the line segment HL1 connecting the first endpoint P1 and the second endpoint P2 and the first wiring 241 is preferably 0.9 times or more and 1.1 times or less the area of ​​the second cell 24b enclosed by the line segment HL1 and the first wiring 241. Specifically, in the configuration illustrated in Figure 5, the sum of the areas S1, S2, S3, S4 of the first cell 24a enclosed by the line segment HL1 and the first wiring 241 is preferably 0.9 times or more and 1.1 times or less the sum of the areas S5, S6, S7, S8 of the second cell 24b enclosed by the line segment HL1 and the first wiring 241.

[0067] The irregular shape of the first wiring 241 weakens its linearity. As a result, when light incident on the transparent wiring substrate 100 (incident light) strikes the first wiring 241, the direction of the light diffracted by the first wiring 241 (diffracted light) becomes unpredictable. That is, the light diffracted by the irregular shape of the first wiring 241 is scattered in various directions. The effect of constructive interference is reduced in the scattered diffracted light. As a result, the generation of interference fringes that appear as interference fringes (i.e., the parts that appear as light rays) in the interference fringes that occur when the incident light passes through the first cell 24a or the second cell 24b (i.e., between the wirings 26 that constitute each cell 25) is suppressed.

[0068] Furthermore, the area of ​​the first cell 24a enclosed by line segment HL1 and the first wiring 241 is between 0.9 and 1.1 times the area of ​​the second cell 24b enclosed by line segment HL1 and the first wiring 241. This suppresses variation in the area of ​​the first cell 24a and the second cell 24b, which are separated by the first wiring 241. In other words, there is no bias in the area distribution of the first cell 24a and the second cell 24b. As a result, in the configuration in which the transparent wiring board 100 is applied to the heater H, the occurrence of heat unevenness in the wiring pattern 24A is suppressed. Furthermore, it is possible to suppress variation in the amount of light transmitted from each cell 24. This suppresses the occurrence of color unevenness in the wiring pattern 24A.

[0069] Furthermore, even when the transparent wiring board 100 is applied to various products other than the heater H (for example, shielding plates, reflectors, antennas, dimming films, etc.), the occurrence of uneven heat distribution or color distribution in the wiring pattern 24A is suppressed.

[0070] Therefore, in the first embodiment, the generation of light rays can be suppressed, and the quality required for products to which the transparent wiring board 100 is applied can be ensured.

[0071] As described above, the wiring pattern 24A has a first cell 24a, a plurality of second cells 24b arranged to surround the first cell 24a and adjacent to the first cell 24a, and a first wiring 241. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2, in the wiring pattern 24A, six cells 25, including the second cell 24b, are arranged so that the plurality of line segments HL form a hexagon. That is, as described above, the first cell 24a is surrounded by six cells 25 (including the second cell 24b and the third cell 24c).

[0072] This makes it possible to suppress the concentration of current flowing through the wiring pattern 24A. As a result, in a configuration in which the transparent wiring board 100 is applied to, for example, a heater 100H, it is possible to prevent the wiring pattern 24A from burning out due to the heat generated in the wiring pattern 24A by the concentration of current.

[0073] Furthermore, the linear shapes of the multiple first wirings 241 constituting the first cell 24a are all different. This suppresses interference of incident light, thereby further suppressing light rays.

[0074] Furthermore, the first cell 24a is arranged to surround the first cell 24a and has a shape different from any of the multiple cells 25 (including the second cell 24b) adjacent to the first cell 24a. Therefore, interference of light incident on the transparent wiring substrate 100 can be suppressed. As a result, light rays can be further suppressed on the transparent wiring substrate 100.

[0075] In the first embodiment of this disclosure, the transparent wiring board 100 is illustrated as being applied to a heater 100H, and therefore exhibits effects specific to the heater 100H, such as suppression of heat unevenness (improvement of heat uniformity). In contrast, when the transparent wiring board 100 is used as an electrode for a shielding plate or a dimming film (not shown), it exhibits effects specific to the shielding plate or dimming film, such as suppression of variations in electric field strength for each cell 25 in the transparent wiring board 100.

[0076] (Second Wiring) In the first embodiment of the present disclosure, any wiring 26 among the plurality of wirings 26, which is adjacent to the first wiring, is referred to as the "second wiring" (see reference numeral 242 shown in Figures 2 and 4).

[0077] As shown in Figures 2 and 4, the second wiring 242 separates the first cell 24a and the third cell 24c. The second wiring 242 is formed in a wave shape, for example. Specifically, the wave shape of the second wiring 242 is curved. Also, the shape of the second wiring 242 is irregular, similar to the shape of the first wiring 241.

[0078] In the relationship between the first wiring 241 and the second wiring 242, preferably, the length of the first wiring 241 is 0.9 times or more and 1.1 times or less the length of the second wiring 242. That is, in this embodiment, the lengths of the first wiring 241 and the second wiring 242 are configured to be approximately the same. With this configuration, in the relationship between the first cell 24a and the third cell 24c separated by the second wiring 242, the variation in the area of ​​the first cell 24a and the area of ​​the third cell 24c is suppressed. That is, in the relationship between the first cell 24a and the third cell 24c, there is no bias in the area distribution of each. As a result, in a configuration in which the transparent wiring board 100 is applied to various products, the occurrence of heat unevenness or color unevenness in the wiring pattern 24A is suppressed.

[0079] (Wiring Length Coefficient) In this embodiment, a "multiple wiring length coefficient" is defined, and the length of the wiring 26 is determined using this "multiple wiring length coefficient". The "multiple wiring length coefficient" is a coefficient obtained by dividing the length of one wiring 26 in the multiple wirings 26 that constitute one cell 25 by the length between the two endpoints P, P corresponding to that one wiring 26.

[0080] Furthermore, any one of the multiple wiring length coefficients is designated as the "first wiring length coefficient." In this embodiment, the first wiring length coefficient is a coefficient obtained by dividing the total length of the first wiring 241 by the length from the first endpoint P1 to the second endpoint P2.

[0081] The first wiring length coefficient is greater than 1.0. Preferably, the first wiring length coefficient is 1.5 or greater. Specifically, the first wiring length coefficient in the first wiring 241 shown in Figures 4 and 5 is "1.6". The simulation of the wiring length coefficient will be described later.

[0082] Preferably, the first wiring length coefficient is 0.7 to 1.3 times the average value of the multiple wiring length coefficients. That is, the "first wiring length coefficient" is within ±30% of the average value of the "multiple wiring length coefficients". This reduces the difference between the length of the first wiring 241 and the wiring 26 that constitute the first cell 24a (the other wiring 26 excluding the first wiring 241). As a result, the variation between the electrical resistance of the first wiring 241 and the electrical resistance of the other wiring 26 excluding the first wiring 241 is suppressed in the multiple wirings 26 that form the first cell 24a. This suppresses the occurrence of uneven heating among the wirings 26 that form the first cell 24a in the configuration in which the transparent wiring substrate 100 is applied to the heater 100H.

[0083] (Simulation of wiring length coefficient) The image shown in Figure 6 is a simulation output of the state of light ray generation when light is shone on a wiring pattern 24A including the first wiring 241, which has a first wiring length coefficient of "1.6". According to Figure 6, in the wiring pattern 24A including the first wiring 241, the generation of light ray is appropriately suppressed compared to the conventional configuration described later (see Figures 7 and 8).

[0084] On the other hand, Figure 7 shows a conventional configuration (hereinafter simply referred to as "conventional configuration") that differs from the first embodiment of this disclosure, and shows a cell 50 formed in the shape of a regular hexagon. The cell 50 includes linearly formed wiring 51. That is, the wiring length coefficient of the wiring 51 is "1.0".

[0085] The image shown in Figure 8 is a simulation output of the state of light ray generation when light is shone on a wiring pattern (conventional wiring pattern) that includes wiring 51 with a wiring length coefficient of "1.0". According to Figure 8, the generation of light ray is clearly visible in the wiring pattern that includes wiring 51. In other words, in the wiring pattern that includes wiring 51 according to the conventional configuration, the generation of light ray is not suppressed compared to the configuration that includes the first wiring 241 (or the first wirings 31, 33 described later) shown in the first embodiment of this disclosure.

[0086] Next, Figure 9 shows a first cell containing a first wiring with a first wiring length coefficient of "1.2". For the sake of explanation, the first cell shown in Figure 9 is given a different reference numeral (see reference numeral 30 in Figure 9) to distinguish it from the first cell 24a shown in Figure 4. Similarly, the first wiring shown in Figure 9 is given a different reference numeral (see reference numeral 31 in Figure 9) to distinguish it from the first wiring 241 shown in Figures 4 and 5.

[0087] The image shown in Figure 10 is a simulation output of the state of light ray generation when light is shone on a wiring pattern including the first wiring 31 shown in Figure 9. According to Figure 10, in the wiring pattern including the first wiring 31, the generation of light ray is suppressed compared to the simulation image in Figure 8. However, in the configuration including the first wiring 31 where the first wiring length coefficient is "1.2", the generation of light ray is slightly visible compared to the simulation image in Figure 6. In other words, in the configuration including the first wiring 31 where the first wiring length coefficient is less than the aforementioned "1.5", the generation of light ray appears slightly.

[0088] Furthermore, Figure 11 shows a first cell containing a first wiring with a first wiring length coefficient of "2.1". For the sake of explanation, the first cell shown in Figure 11 is given a different reference numeral (see reference numeral 32 in Figure 11) to distinguish it from the first cell 24a shown in Figure 4. Similarly, the first wiring shown in Figure 11 is given a different reference numeral (see reference numeral 33 in Figure 11) to distinguish it from the first wiring 241 shown in Figures 4 and 5.

[0089] The image shown in Figure 12 is a simulation output of the state of light ray generation when light is shone on a wiring pattern including the first wiring 33 shown in Figure 11. According to Figure 12, the generation of light ray is sufficiently suppressed in the wiring pattern including the first wiring 33, compared to the simulation images in Figures 6, 8, and 10. In other words, in a configuration including the first wiring 33, which has a large first wiring length coefficient, the generation of light ray can be further suppressed.

[0090] [Second Embodiment] Figures 13 and 14 show the wiring pattern 24B provided by the transparent wiring board 100 according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure. In the following description, with respect to the configuration of the wiring pattern 24B, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts as in Figures 1 to 5 for the same configuration as the wiring pattern 24A of the first embodiment, and their detailed description is omitted.

[0091] (Fourth and Fifth Cells) As shown in Figure 13, the wiring pattern 24B has a plurality of cells 25 (two in the illustrated example). In the second embodiment, for the sake of explanation, any one cell 25 in the plurality of cells 25 will be referred to as the "fourth cell" (see reference numeral 24d in Figure 13). Also, any one cell 25 adjacent to the fourth cell 24d in the plurality of cells 25 will be referred to as the "fifth cell" (see reference numeral 24e in Figure 13). The shapes of the fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e are different from each other.

[0092] The fourth cell 24d is formed by a plurality of wires 26. In this embodiment, the fourth cell 24d is formed by five wires 26. The shape of each of the five wires 26 is different.

[0093] The fifth cell 24e is formed by a plurality of wires 26. In this embodiment, the fifth cell 24e is formed by four wires 26. The shapes of each of the four wires 26 are all different.

[0094] (Third Wiring) As shown in Figure 13, the wiring pattern 24B has a third wiring 243. The third wiring 243 corresponds to the irregularly shaped wiring 26 that separates the fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e.

[0095] The end of the third wiring 243 is located at the third endpoint P3 and the fourth endpoint P4. The third wiring 243 connects the third endpoint P3 and the fourth endpoint P4.

[0096] Specifically, the third endpoint P3 is located at the end of the third wiring 243 (the upper end in Figure 13). The fourth endpoint P4 is located at the end of the third wiring 243 opposite to the third endpoint P3 (the lower end in Figure 13).

[0097] The fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e share the third endpoint P3, the fourth endpoint P4, and the third wiring 243. In other words, the fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e are adjacent to each other via the third wiring 243.

[0098] Furthermore, the third endpoint P3 is the point where the wiring 26 constituting the fourth cell 24d (including the third wiring 243) and the wiring 26 constituting the fifth cell 24e (including the third wiring 243) intersect. Similarly, the fourth endpoint P4 is the point where the wiring 26 constituting the fourth cell 24d (including the third wiring 243) and the wiring 26 constituting the fifth cell 24e (including the third wiring 243) intersect.

[0099] The line segment HL2 shown in Figure 13 is a virtual line connecting the third endpoint P3 and the fourth endpoint P4 in a straight line. The third wiring 243 intersects with the line segment HL2.

[0100] (Fourth Wiring) As shown in Figure 13, the wiring pattern 24B has a fourth wiring 244. The fourth wiring 244 is formed in an irregular shape.

[0101] The fourth wiring 244 is one of the multiple wirings 26 that form the fourth cell 24d. Specifically, in the embodiment illustrated in Figure 13, the wiring 26 located on the lower left side of the page in Figure 13 corresponds to the fourth wiring 244.

[0102] (First and Second Regions) As shown in Figure 14, the fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e shown in Figure 13 contain the first region R1 and the second region R2, respectively.

[0103] The first region R1 and the second region R2 are the regions separated in the fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e shown in Figure 13 by the line segment HL2 connecting the third endpoint P3 and the fourth endpoint P4. Specifically, the first region R1 is the region adjacent to the fourth wiring 244, which is the region cut by the line segment HL2 connecting the third endpoint P3 and the fourth endpoint P4 in the fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e. The second region R2 is the region not adjacent to the fourth wiring 244, which is the region cut by the line segment HL2 in the fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e.

[0104] (Characteristic Configuration of the Second Embodiment) As the first characteristic configuration of the second embodiment, as described above, the wiring pattern 24B includes an irregularly shaped third wiring 243 that separates the fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e. The irregular shape of the third wiring 243 weakens its linearity. As a result, when light incident on the transparent wiring substrate 100 (incident light) strikes the third wiring 243, the direction of the light diffracted by the third wiring 243 (diffracted light) becomes undefined. That is, the light diffracted by the irregularly shaped third wiring 243 is scattered in various directions. The effect of constructive interference is reduced in the scattered diffracted light. As a result, in the interference fringes that occur when the incident light passes through the fourth cell 24d or the fifth cell 24e (i.e., between the wirings 26 that constitute each cell 25), the generation of the portion that appears as an interference fringe (i.e., the portion that appears as a light ray) is suppressed. Therefore, the generation of light rays in the fourth cell 24d or the fifth cell 24e can be suppressed.

[0105] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 13 and 14, a second characteristic configuration in the second embodiment is that the area of ​​the first region R1 is larger than the area of ​​the second region R2, and the area of ​​the fourth cell 24d is smaller than the area of ​​the first region R1.

[0106] Thus, even if the area of ​​the first region R1 is larger than the area of ​​the second region R2, if the irregularly shaped third wiring 243 separating the fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e is configured such that the area of ​​the fourth cell 24d is smaller than the area of ​​the first region R1, then the variation in the area of ​​the fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e is suppressed. In other words, there is no bias in the area distribution of the fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e. As a result, in configurations where the transparent wiring board 100 is applied to various products (e.g., heaters, shielding plates, reflectors, antennas, dimming films, etc.), the occurrence of heat unevenness or color unevenness in the wiring pattern 24B is suppressed.

[0107] Therefore, in the second embodiment, the generation of light rays can be suppressed, and the quality required for products to which the transparent wiring board 100 is applied can be ensured.

[0108] [Summary] As the first disclosure, the transparent wiring board 100 comprises a substrate 10 that transmits visible light and a wiring pattern 24A formed on the substrate 10. The wiring pattern 24A has a first cell 24a, a second cell 24b adjacent to the first cell 24a, an irregularly shaped first wiring 241 separating the first cell 24a and the second cell 24b, a first endpoint P1 located at the end of the first wiring 241, and a second endpoint P2 located at the end of the first wiring 241 opposite to the first endpoint P1. The area of ​​the first cell 24a enclosed by the line segment HL1 connecting the first endpoint P1 and the second endpoint P2 and the first wiring 241 is 0.9 times or more and 1.1 times or less the area of ​​the second cell 24b enclosed by the line segment HL1 and the first wiring 241.

[0109] According to the first disclosure, the irregular shape of the first wiring 241 weakens the linearity of the first wiring 241. As a result, when light incident on the transparent wiring substrate 100 (incident light) strikes the first wiring 241, the direction of the light diffracted by the first wiring 241 (diffracted light) becomes uncertain. That is, the light diffracted by the irregular shape of the first wiring 241 is scattered in various directions. The effect of constructive interference is reduced in the scattered diffracted light. As a result, in the interference fringes that occur when the incident light passes through the first cell 24a or the second cell 24b (i.e., between the wirings 26 that constitute each cell 25), the generation of the portion that appears as an interference fringe (i.e., the portion that appears as a light ray) is suppressed.

[0110] Furthermore, in the first disclosure, the area of ​​the first cell 24a enclosed by line segment HL1 and the first wiring 241 is between 0.9 and 1.1 times the area of ​​the second cell 24b enclosed by line segment HL1 and the first wiring 241. This suppresses variation between the areas of the first cell 24a and the second cell 24b, which are separated by the first wiring 241. In other words, there is no bias in the area distribution of the first cell 24a and the second cell 24b. As a result, in the configuration in which the transparent wiring substrate 100 is applied to the heater H, the occurrence of heat unevenness in the wiring pattern 24A is suppressed. Furthermore, it is possible to suppress variation in the amount of light transmitted from each cell 24. This suppresses the occurrence of color unevenness in the wiring pattern 24A.

[0111] Furthermore, even when the transparent wiring board 100 is applied to various products other than the heater H (for example, shielding plates, reflectors, antennas, dimming films, etc.), the occurrence of uneven heat distribution or color distribution in the wiring pattern 24A is suppressed.

[0112] Therefore, the first disclosure can suppress the generation of light rays and ensure the quality required for products to which the transparent wiring board 100 is applied.

[0113] As a second disclosure, the first wiring 241 has a plurality of points Is that intersect with the line segment HL1. The plurality of points Is include a first point Is1, a second point Is2 adjacent to the first point Is1, and a third point Is3 adjacent to the second point Is2. The distance between the first point Is1 and the second point Is2 is greater than the distance between the second point Is2 and the third point Is3.

[0114] According to the second disclosure, as illustrated in the first embodiment above, the first wiring 241 irregularly intersects with respect to the line segment HL1. That is, the first wiring 241 has an irregular shape. As a result, for the same reasons as in the first disclosure above, the generation of light rays can be suppressed.

[0115] As a third disclosure, the first wiring 241 is bent three or more times between the first endpoint P1 and the second endpoint P2.

[0116] According to the third disclosure, the linearity of the first wiring 241 is weakened in the section from the first endpoint P1 to the second endpoint P2 (i.e., over the entire length of the first wiring 241). As a result, the generation of light rays on the transparent wiring substrate 100 can be suppressed.

[0117] As a fourth disclosure, the first wiring 241 intersects line segment HL1 at its midpoint C. The line shape of the section of the first wiring 241 from the first endpoint P1 to the midpoint C of line segment HL1 and the line shape of the section of the first wiring 241 from the second endpoint to the midpoint C of line segment HL are point-symmetric with respect to the midpoint C of line segment HL.

[0118] According to the fourth disclosure, the shape of the first wiring 241 suppresses variations in the area of ​​the first cell 24a enclosed by line segment HL1 and the first wiring 241 (the sum of areas S1, S2, S3, and S4 as illustrated in Figure 5) and the area of ​​the second cell 24b enclosed by line segment HL1 and the first wiring 241 (the sum of areas S5, S6, S7, and S8 as illustrated in Figure 5). In other words, the area distribution of the first cell 24a and the second cell 24b separated by the first wiring 241 is not biased. As a result, in configurations where the transparent wiring board 100 is applied to various products, the occurrence of thermal unevenness or color unevenness in the wiring pattern 24A is suppressed. Therefore, the fourth disclosure can guarantee the quality required for products to which the transparent wiring board 100 is applied.

[0119] As a fifth disclosure, the wiring pattern 24A further comprises a third cell 24c adjacent to the first cell 24a, and an irregularly shaped second wiring 242 separating the first cell 24a and the third cell 24c. The length of the first wiring 241 is 0.9 times or more and 1.1 times or less the length of the second wiring 242.

[0120] In the fifth disclosure, the length of the first wiring 241 and the length of the second wiring 242 are configured to be approximately the same. With this configuration, similar to the first disclosure, variations in the area of ​​the first cell 24a and the area of ​​the third cell 24c separated by the second wiring 242 are suppressed. That is, there is no bias in the area distribution of the first cell 24a and the third cell 24c. As a result, in configurations in which the transparent wiring board 100 is applied to various products, the occurrence of thermal unevenness or color unevenness in the wiring pattern 24A is suppressed. Therefore, the fifth disclosure can guarantee the quality required for products to which the transparent wiring board 100 is applied.

[0121] As a sixth disclosure, the first cell 24a further comprises a plurality of wirings 26 forming the first cell 24a, and a plurality of endpoints P located at each end of the plurality of wirings 26. The first wiring 241 is one of the plurality of wirings 26. The first endpoint P1 and the second endpoint P2 are each one of the plurality of endpoints P. The coefficient obtained by dividing the length of one of the plurality of wirings 26 by the length between the two endpoints P, P corresponding to one of the plurality of endpoints P is defined as the plurality of wiring length coefficients. The first wiring length coefficient, which is one of the plurality of wiring length coefficients, is between 0.7 and 1.3 times the average value of the plurality of wiring length coefficients.

[0122] According to the sixth disclosure, the first wiring length coefficient falls within a range of ±30% of the average value of multiple wiring length coefficients. That is, the difference between the length of the first wiring 241 and the wiring 26 constituting the first cell 24a (other wiring 26 excluding the first wiring 241) is reduced. As a result, the variation between the electrical resistance of the first wiring 241 and the electrical resistance of the other wiring 26 excluding the first wiring 241 is suppressed in the multiple wirings 26 forming the first cell 24a. This suppresses the occurrence of heat unevenness or color unevenness among the wirings 26 forming the first cell 24a in configurations where the transparent wiring board 100 is applied to various products. Therefore, the sixth disclosure can guarantee the quality required for products to which the transparent wiring board 100 is applied.

[0123] As a seventh disclosure, the first cell 24a is surrounded by six cells 25, including the second cell 24b.

[0124] According to the seventh disclosure, the wiring pattern 24A includes a pattern configured as a so-called honeycomb structure by a first cell 24a and six cells 25 (including the second cell 24b). This makes it possible to efficiently arrange multiple cells 25. Furthermore, by configuring the honeycomb structure, the current flowing through the wiring pattern 24A flows efficiently throughout the entire wiring pattern 24A. In other words, it is possible to suppress the concentration of current flowing through the wiring pattern 24A in a specific area. As a result, in a configuration in which the transparent wiring substrate 100 is applied to the heater 100H, for example, as in the first embodiment, it is possible to prevent the wiring pattern 24A from partially burning out due to heat generated in the wiring pattern 24A due to current concentration. Therefore, the seventh disclosure can guarantee the quality of products to which the transparent wiring substrate 100 is applied.

[0125] As the eighth disclosure, the first cell 24a is formed by a plurality of wirings 26, including the first wiring 241. The shapes of the plurality of wirings 26 are all different.

[0126] According to the eighth disclosure, the first cell 24a has a random shape overall. Due to this shape, when light incident on the transparent wiring substrate 100 (incident light) strikes each of the multiple wirings 26, including the first wiring 241, the direction of the light diffracted by each wiring 26 (diffracted light) becomes unpredictable. As a result, for the same reasons as explained in the first disclosure, the generation of light rays in the first cell 24a can be suppressed.

[0127] As the ninth disclosure, the shape of the first cell 24a and the shape of the second cell 24b are different.

[0128] According to the ninth disclosure, the difference in shape between the first cell 24a and the second cell 24b suppresses interference of light incident on the transparent wiring substrate 100 between the first cell 24a and the second cell 24b. As a result, the generation of light rays on the transparent wiring substrate 100 can be suppressed.

[0129] As the tenth disclosure, the transparent wiring substrate 100 comprises a substrate 10 that transmits visible light and a wiring pattern 24B formed on the substrate 10. The wiring pattern 24B includes a fourth cell 24d, a fifth cell 24e adjacent to the fourth cell 24d, an irregularly shaped third wiring 243 separating the fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e, a fourth wiring 244 that forms the fourth cell 24d and is different from the third wiring 243, a third endpoint P3 located at the end of the third wiring 243, and a fourth endpoint P4 located at the end of the third wiring 243 opposite to the third endpoint P3. If we connect the fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e, and cut the region with the line segment HL2 connecting the third endpoint P3 and the fourth endpoint P4, the region adjacent to the fourth wiring 244 is designated as the first region R1, and the region not adjacent to the fourth wiring is designated as the second region R2, then the area of ​​the first region R1 is larger than the area of ​​the second region R2, and the area of ​​the fourth cell 24d is smaller than the area of ​​the first region R1.

[0130] In the tenth disclosure, by using an irregularly shaped third wiring 243 that separates the fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e, the generation of light rays in the fourth cell 24d (or the fifth cell 24e) can be suppressed for the same reasons as explained in the first disclosure.

[0131] Furthermore, in the tenth disclosure, even if the area of ​​the first region R1 is larger than the area of ​​the second region R2, if the irregularly shaped third wiring 243 separating the fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e is configured such that the area of ​​the fourth cell 24d is smaller than the area of ​​the first region R1, then the variation between the area of ​​the fourth cell 24d and the area of ​​the fifth cell 24e is suppressed. In other words, there is no bias in the area distribution of the fourth cell 24d and the fifth cell 24e. As a result, in configurations where the transparent wiring board 100 is applied to various products (e.g., heaters, shielding plates, reflectors, antennas, dimming films, etc.), the occurrence of heat unevenness or color unevenness in the wiring pattern 24B is suppressed.

[0132] Therefore, the tenth disclosure makes it possible to suppress the generation of light rays and to ensure the quality required for products to which the transparent wiring board 100 is applied.

[0133] This disclosure provides a conductive film that can be used industrially in applications such as heaters, shielding plates, reflectors, antennas, and dimming films.

[0134] 10 Substrate 11 Base layer 21a, 21b Busbars 22a, 22b Routing 23a, 23b Connectors 24A, 24B Wiring patterns 24a, 30, 32 First cell 24b Second cell 24c Third cell 24d Fourth cell 26 Wiring 241, 31, 33 First wiring 242 Second wiring 243 Third wiring 244 Fourth wiring P1 First endpoint P2 Second endpoint P3 Third endpoint P4 Fourth endpoint Is1 First point Is2 Second point Is3 Third point Is4 Fourth point HL, HL1, HL2 Line segment C Midpoint 100 Transparent wiring board 100H Heater

Claims

1. A transparent wiring substrate comprising: a substrate that transmits visible light; and a wiring pattern formed on the substrate, wherein the wiring pattern has: a first cell; a second cell adjacent to the first cell; an irregularly shaped first wire separating the first cell and the second cell; a first endpoint located at the end of the first wire; and a second endpoint located at the end of the first wire opposite to the first endpoint, wherein the area of ​​the first cell enclosed by the line segment connecting the first endpoint and the second endpoint and the first wire is 0.9 times or more and 1.1 times or less the area of ​​the second cell enclosed by the line segment and the first wire.

2. The transparent wiring board according to claim 1, wherein the first wiring has a plurality of points that intersect the line segment, the plurality of points include a first point, a second point adjacent to the first point, and a third point adjacent to the second point, and the distance between the first point and the second point is greater than the distance between the second point and the third point.

3. The transparent wiring board according to claim 1, wherein the first wiring is bent three or more times between the first endpoint and the second endpoint.

4. The transparent wiring board according to claim 1, wherein the first wiring intersects the line segment at the midpoint of the line segment, and the line shape of the section of the first wiring from the first endpoint to the midpoint of the line segment and the line shape of the section of the first wiring from the second endpoint to the midpoint of the line segment are point-symmetric with respect to the midpoint of the line segment.

5. The transparent wiring substrate according to claim 1, wherein the wiring pattern further comprises a third cell adjacent to the first cell and an irregularly shaped second wiring separating the first cell and the third cell, and the length of the first wiring is 0.9 times or more and 1.1 times or less the length of the second wiring.

6. The transparent wiring substrate according to claim 1, wherein the first cell further comprises a plurality of wirings forming the first cell and a plurality of endpoints located at each end of the plurality of wirings, the first wiring being one of the plurality of wirings, the first endpoint and the second endpoint being one of the plurality of endpoints, the coefficient obtained by dividing the length of one of the plurality of wirings by the length between the two endpoints of the plurality of endpoints corresponding to the one wiring being defined as a plurality of wiring length coefficients, and the first wiring length coefficient, which is one of the plurality of wiring length coefficients, is 0.7 times or more and 1.3 times or less the average value of the plurality of wiring length coefficients.

7. The transparent wiring board according to claim 1, wherein the first cell is surrounded by six cells including the second cell.

8. The transparent wiring substrate according to claim 1, wherein the first cell is formed by a plurality of wirings including the first wiring, and the shapes of the plurality of wirings are all different.

9. The transparent wiring board according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the first cell and the shape of the second cell are different.

10. A transparent wiring substrate comprising: a substrate that transmits visible light; and a wiring pattern formed on the substrate, wherein the wiring pattern has: a fourth cell; a fifth cell adjacent to the fourth cell; an irregularly shaped third wiring separating the fourth cell and the fifth cell; a fourth wiring forming the fourth cell and different from the third wiring; a third endpoint located at the end of the third wiring; and a fourth endpoint located at the end of the third wiring opposite to the third endpoint, wherein the fourth cell and the fifth cell are joined together, and the region obtained by cutting with a line segment connecting the third endpoint and the fourth endpoint is defined as a first region adjacent to the fourth wiring and a second region not adjacent to the fourth wiring, the area of ​​the first region is larger than the area of ​​the second region, and the area of ​​the fourth cell is smaller than the area of ​​the first region.

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