Battery pack and vehicle including same

Abstract

A battery pack, according to one embodiment of the present invention, may comprise: a plurality of battery cells; a pack case receiving the plurality of battery cells therein; a cooling plate provided inside the pack case and provided with a cooling channel filled with a cooling medium, and a water injection hole configured to discharge the cooling medium from the cooling channel to the battery cell side; and a sprinkler coupled to the water injection hole.

Description

Battery pack and automobile including the same

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery pack and an automobile including the same.

[0002] This application is a priority application for Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0153828 filed on November 1, 2024, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of said application are incorporated into this application by reference.

[0003] This application is a priority application for Korean Patent Application No. 10-2025-0018192 filed on February 12, 2025, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of said application are incorporated into this application by reference.

[0004] Secondary batteries, which possess electrical characteristics such as high energy density and high applicability across product groups, are widely applied not only to portable devices but also to electric vehicles (EVs) or hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) powered by electric sources. These secondary batteries are attracting attention as a new energy source for enhancing eco-friendliness and energy efficiency, not only for the primary advantage of drastically reducing the use of fossil fuels but also because they generate no by-products from energy use.

[0005] Currently, widely used types of rechargeable batteries include lithium-ion batteries, lithium-polymer batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, and nickel-zinc batteries. When high output voltage is required, multiple battery cells are connected in series to form a battery module or battery pack. Additionally, to increase charge / discharge capacity, multiple battery cells are connected in parallel to form a battery module or battery pack.

[0006] When configuring a battery pack by connecting multiple battery cells in series or parallel, it is common practice to first construct a battery module containing at least one battery cell, and then use this at least one battery module to add other components to form a battery pack or battery rack. Alternatively, recently, battery packs in the form of a "Cell-to-Pack," in which multiple battery cells are directly housed in a pack housing without modularization, are also being manufactured.

[0007] However, when multiple battery modules are contained within a battery pack in this manner, it can be vulnerable to thermal chain reactions between the modules. For example, if an event such as thermal runaway occurs within a single battery module, this runaway can propagate to other battery modules. If the propagation of thermal runaway between battery modules is not properly suppressed, an event originating in a specific module can trigger a chain reaction across multiple modules, potentially causing serious problems such as explosions or fires.

[0008] Therefore, in the event that an event such as thermal runaway occurs in a battery pack, there is a need to develop a structure capable of rapidly cooling the battery cells and / or battery modules in the event of thermal runaway in the battery module.

[0009] Therefore, the problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a battery pack capable of rapidly cooling a battery cell and / or a battery module when thermal runaway occurs in the battery module.

[0010] However, the problems that the present invention aims to solve are not limited to those described above, and other unmentioned problems will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the invention below.

[0011] To solve the above problem, the present invention provides a battery pack characterized by comprising: a plurality of battery cells; a pack case accommodating the plurality of battery cells; a cooling plate provided on the inside of the pack case and having a cooling channel filled with a cooling medium and a water supply hole configured to discharge the cooling medium from the cooling channel toward the battery cells; and a sprinkler coupled to the water supply hole.

[0012] The sprinkler may be configured to spray the cooling medium from the water supply hole when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell.

[0013] The sprinkler may comprise a coupling part configured to be coupled to the water supply hole, a cover part configured to be coupled to the coupling part and to cover the water supply hole, a heat-sensing part connected to the cover part and configured to detect heat, and a spraying part connected to the heat-sensing part and configured to spray the cooling medium.

[0014] The above-mentioned thermal sensor may be configured to rupture at a temperature above a certain level when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell.

[0015] The above cover portion may be configured to be separated from the water supply hole when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell.

[0016] The sprinkler above may be configured as a glass bulb type.

[0017] The above sprinkler may be configured as a fuse-link type.

[0018] A battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include a sealing member interposed between the sprinkler and the inner surface of the water supply hole.

[0019] A battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include a housing that accommodates the plurality of battery cells and has a cooling hole configured to communicate with the water supply hole on one side.

[0020] The above housing may be provided with a venting hole configured to discharge venting gas generated from the battery cell to the outside.

[0021] And, the present invention provides an automobile characterized by including a battery pack according to the present invention.

[0022] According to one aspect of the present invention, when a thermal event such as thermal runaway occurs in a battery pack, a cooling medium is directly introduced to the battery cells, thereby effectively preventing or delaying the propagation of thermal runaway between battery cells. This ensures the safety and reliability of the battery pack.

[0023] In addition, according to the above aspect of the present invention, the cooling medium directly cools the battery cell, thereby ensuring efficient cooling performance of the battery pack.

[0024] In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, a cooling medium introduced into the battery cell can be properly discharged to prevent a short circuit from occurring in a normal battery cell and / or battery module.

[0025] Furthermore, according to another aspect of the present invention, since venting gas generated in a battery cell can be rapidly discharged to the outside of the battery pack, safe venting performance of the battery pack can be ensured.

[0026] In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, the movement of fluids such as venting gas toward adjacent battery cells and / or battery modules during venting can be minimized.

[0027] In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, events such as fire or explosion caused by thermal runaway phenomena in a battery pack including a plurality of battery modules or a device equipped with them can be prevented or delayed.

[0028] In addition to the above, the present invention may have various other effects, which are described in each embodiment, or effects that can be easily inferred by those skilled in the art, etc., will be omitted.

[0029] The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention and serve to further enhance understanding of the technical concept of the present invention together with the detailed description of the invention provided below; therefore, the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited only to the matters described in such drawings.

[0030] FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention. For example, FIG. 3 may be a drawing showing the cross-section I-I' of FIG. 1.

[0033] FIG. 4 is a bottom perspective view of a cooling plate included in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] FIG. 5 is a bottom perspective view of a sprinkler included in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a case where a thermal event occurs in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a battery module included in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] FIG. 10 is a top view of the interior of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] FIG. 11 is a bottom perspective view of a battery module included in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a case where a thermal event occurs in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] FIG. 14 is an internal perspective view of a pack case included in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of a vehicle including a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Prior to this, terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be interpreted as being limited to their ordinary or dictionary meanings, but should be interpreted in a meaning and concept consistent with the technical spirit of the present invention, based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of the terms to best describe his invention.

[0046] Therefore, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention; thus, it should be understood that various equivalents and modifications that can replace them may exist at the time of filing this application.

[0047] In addition, the present invention includes various embodiments. For each embodiment, redundant descriptions of substantially identical or similar configurations are omitted, and the focus is on the differences.

[0048] Meanwhile, although terms indicating directions such as up, down, left, right, front, and back may be used in the present invention, these terms are used merely for convenience of explanation and may vary depending on the position of the object or the position of the observer, as is obvious to those skilled in the art of the present invention.

[0049] For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the X-axis direction shown in the drawing may mean the left-right direction, the Y-axis direction may mean the front-back direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction on the horizontal plane (XY plane), and the Z-axis direction may mean the up-down direction (vertical direction) perpendicular to both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

[0050]

[0051] FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, FIG. 3 may be a drawing showing the cross-section along I-I' of FIG. 1.

[0052] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, a battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a battery cell (100), a pack case (200), a cooling plate (300), and a sprinkler (400).

[0053] First, referring primarily to FIG. 2, a plurality of battery cells (100) may be included. Although not shown in the drawing, these plurality of battery cells (100) may include an electrode assembly, a cell case that accommodates the electrode assembly, and an electrode lead that is connected to the electrode assembly and extends outward from the cell case to function as an electrode terminal. At this time, the plurality of battery cells (100) may be electrically connected to each other.

[0054] A plurality of battery cells (100) can be stacked in at least one direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of battery cells (100) can be arranged side by side in the front-back direction (X-axis direction) while standing upright in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction).

[0055] Meanwhile, the present invention is not limited by the specific type or shape of such battery cell (100), and various battery cells (100) known at the time of filing the present invention may be employed to constitute the battery pack (1) of the present invention. In this embodiment, a pouch-type secondary battery with high energy density and easy stacking is used as shown in the drawing, but it is understood that cylindrical or prismatic secondary batteries may also be applied as battery cells (100).

[0056] The above pack case (200) may be configured to accommodate a plurality of battery cells (100). The pack case (200) may be provided in a box shape including a plurality of frames.

[0057] The pack case (200) may be made of a material capable of ensuring mechanical strength, such as steel or SUS metal or plastic, or may include such a material, in order to safely protect the battery cell (100) housed inside.

[0058] The cooling plate (300) may be provided on the inside of the pack case (200). The cooling plate (300) may be configured to cool the battery cell (100). The cooling plate (300) may be configured to be filled with a cooling medium inside.

[0059] A cooling plate (300) may be provided on one side of the battery cell (100). For example, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the cooling plate (300) may be provided on the upper side of the battery cell (100).

[0060] When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell (100), high-temperature discharges such as venting gas have a strong tendency to move upward and can move toward the upper side of the pack case (200). Accordingly, according to the above embodiment of the present invention, as the cooling plate (300) is provided on the upper side of the battery cell (100), venting gas or flames can be cooled by the cooling medium inside the cooling plate (300). That is, according to the above embodiment of the present invention, the heat of the discharged venting gas, etc. can be efficiently controlled.

[0061] Specifically, the cooling plate (300) may be provided with a cooling channel (CP). The cooling channel (CP) may be configured to be filled with a cooling medium inside. The cooling channel (CP) may refer to a passage configured to allow a cooling medium, such as cooling water, to flow.

[0062] A cooling channel (CP) may be formed in the internal space of the cooling plate (300). For example, a hollow may be formed inside the cooling plate (300) so that a cooling medium can flow into the hollow. Alternatively, the cooling channel (CP) may be configured in the form of a pipe in the internal space of the cooling plate (300).

[0063] Additionally, the cooling plate (300) may be provided with a water supply hole (310). The water supply hole (310) may be configured to discharge a cooling medium inside the cooling plate (300) toward the battery cell (100). The water supply hole (310) may be configured to communicate with a cooling channel (CP). The water supply hole (310) may be configured to communicate with a receiving space of the battery cell (100).

[0064] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, when a thermal event such as thermal runaway occurs in the battery assembly (10), the cooling medium within the cooling channel (CP) can be directly introduced into the receiving space of the battery cell (100) through the water supply hole (310). That is, the cooling medium of the cooling plate (300) can directly cool the battery cell (100). By doing so, efficient cooling performance of the battery pack (1) can be secured.

[0065] In particular, according to the above embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the battery cell (100) can be rapidly reduced by the cooling medium at the beginning of a thermal event, so that heat propagation between the battery cells (100) can be delayed or prevented. As a result, the safety and reliability of the battery pack (1) can be guaranteed.

[0066] The sprinkler (400) may be coupled to the water supply hole (310). The sprinkler (400) may be configured to be detachably attached to the water supply hole (310). The sprinkler (400) may be configured to be partially inserted into the water supply hole (310). The sprinkler (400) may be configured to prevent the cooling medium inside the cooling plate (300) from being discharged to the outside in the normal state of the battery pack (1).

[0067] A sprinkler (400) may be provided on the inner surface (300a) of the cooling plate (300). Multiple sprinklers (400) may be provided. Multiple sprinklers (400) may be provided for each of the multiple water supply holes (310).

[0068] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, even if a water supply hole (310) is formed in the cooling plate (300), the cooling medium inside the cooling plate (300) can be prevented from being discharged to the outside in the normal state of the battery pack (1).

[0069]

[0070] FIG. 4 is a bottom perspective view of a cooling plate included in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] Meanwhile, multiple water supply holes (310) may be provided. Multiple water supply holes (310) may be spaced apart from each other in the horizontal direction.

[0072] The water supply hole (310) may be provided on the inner surface (300a) of the cooling plate (300). Additionally, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of water supply holes (310) may be arranged along the extension direction of the cooling channel (CP).

[0073] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, the cooling medium within the cooling channel (CP) can be discharged directly to the outside of the cooling plate (300) through the water supply hole (310) and flow into the battery cell (100). As a result, the battery cell (100) can be cooled more quickly.

[0074] Meanwhile, the location and structure of these water supply holes (310) can be configured independently of the structure and arrangement shape of the cooling channel (CP).

[0075] The sprinkler (400) can be coupled to the inner surface (300a) of the cooling plate (300). The sprinkler (400) can be coupled to the water supply hole (310). The sprinkler (400) can be configured to be inserted at least partially into the water supply hole (310). For example, the sprinkler (400) can be configured to be press-fit coupled to the water supply hole (310).

[0076] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, the sprinkler (400) can be stably maintained in a state where it is coupled to the water supply hole (310). Even if vibration or shock occurs to the battery pack (1), according to the above embodiment of the present invention, the sprinkler (400) can be prevented from easily separating from the water supply hole (310). Accordingly, leakage of the cooling medium from the water supply hole (310) can be minimized, thereby ensuring watertightness.

[0077]

[0078] FIG. 5 is a bottom perspective view of a sprinkler included in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0079] The specific structure of the sprinkler (400) is described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. As a specific example, the sprinkler (400) may be equipped with a coupling part (410), a cover part (420), a heat-sensing part (430) and / or a spray part (440).

[0080] The connecting part (410) may be configured to be connectable to the water supply hole (310). The connecting part (410) may be configured to be inserted into the inner circumference of the water supply hole (310). The connecting part (410) may be configured to seal the water supply hole (310). The connecting part (410) may have a cross-sectional area that corresponds approximately to the cross-sectional area of ​​the water supply hole (310). The connecting part (410) may be configured to have a hollow structure on the inside.

[0081] The joint (410) may be provided with a material having heat resistance and / or fire resistance. The joint (410) may be composed of a material capable of ensuring watertightness. The joint (410) may include a material having insulating performance or may be coated with an insulating coating on the outside.

[0082] The cover portion (420) may be configured to be coupled to the coupling portion (410). The cover portion (420) may be configured to be fixed to the cooling plate (300) by the coupling portion (410). The cover portion (420) may be provided between the coupling portions (410). The cover portion (420) may be interposed inside the water supply hole (310). The cover portion (420) may be configured to cover the water supply hole (310). The cover portion (420) may be configured in the form of a plate. The cover portion (420) may be composed of a material having watertightness.

[0083] The thermal sensing unit (430) may be configured to be connected to the cover unit (420). The thermal sensing unit (430) may be coupled to the cover unit (420). The thermal sensing unit (430) may be configured to detect heat. The thermal sensing unit (430) may be configured to burst at a certain temperature. The type and shape of the thermal sensing unit (430) may vary depending on the type of sprinkler (400). For example, the thermal sensing unit (430) may be composed of a glass bulb or a fuse link.

[0084] For example, the sprinkler (400) may be configured as a closed-type sprinkler. For instance, the sprinkler (400) may be configured as a glass bulb type. Or, the sprinkler (400) may be configured as a fusible link type.

[0085] However, the type of sprinkler (400) is not limited to this, and any type and form of sprinkler (400) known at the time of filing may be applied to the battery pack (1) of the present invention.

[0086] The spraying unit (440) may be configured to be connected to the thermal unit (430). The thermal unit (430) may be configured to connect the cover unit (420) and the spraying unit (440). The spraying unit (440) may be configured to spray a cooling medium. The spraying unit (440) may be equipped with a nozzle. The spraying unit (440) may be equipped with a deflector configured to help the cooling medium be evenly dispersed when sprayed.

[0087]

[0088] FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a case where a thermal event occurs in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] As in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7, the sprinkler (400) may be configured to spray a cooling medium. The sprinkler (400) may be configured to operate when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell (100) to spray a cooling medium from the water supply hole (310). The sprinkler (400) may be configured to spray the cooling medium toward the battery cell (100). That is, when a thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell (100), the cooling medium may be configured to flow from the sprinkler (400) toward the battery cell (100) through the water supply hole (310) (see bold arrow in FIG. 7).

[0090] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, since the cooling medium can directly cool the battery cell (100), efficient cooling performance of the battery pack (1) can be secured.

[0091] Furthermore, when a thermal event such as thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack (1), the cooling medium is directly introduced to the battery cell (100), thereby effectively preventing or delaying the propagation of thermal runaway between the battery cells (100). This ensures the safety and reliability of the battery pack (1).

[0092] Additionally, the sprinkler (400) provided on the side of the battery cell (100) where the thermal event occurred may be configured to operate only. Accordingly, in a normal state, the sprinkler (400) remains connected to the water supply hole (310), thereby preventing the discharge of the cooling medium. However, if a thermal event occurs in which venting gas or flames are generated in some battery cells (100), at least some of the multiple sprinklers (400) may be configured to open and spray the cooling medium.

[0093] Thus, according to the above embodiment of the present invention, a cooling medium can be sprayed from at least a portion of the sprinkler (400) toward the battery cell (100). Accordingly, efficient cooling performance of the battery pack (1) can be secured.

[0094]

[0095] As a more specific example, the operation process of the sprinkler (400) is described with reference to FIG. 7. The thermal sensing element (430) may be configured to rupture at a temperature above a certain level when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell (100). Alternatively, the thermal sensing element (430) may be configured to melt when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell (100). For instance, the thermal sensing element (430) may be configured to rupture when the temperature reaches approximately 100 to 200°C.

[0096] Additionally, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7, the cover portion (420) may be configured to be separated from the water supply hole (310) when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell (100). The cover portion (420) may be separated from the water supply hole (310) as the thermal sensing portion (430) ruptures.

[0097] That is, when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell (100), the heat-sensing part (430) of the sprinkler (400) provided in the water supply hole (310) corresponding to the battery cell (100) ruptures, and the cover part (420) blocking the water supply hole (310) can be removed. Accordingly, the cooling medium within the cooling plate (300) can be sprayed through the spray part (440) and flow into the battery cell (100).

[0098] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, since the cooling medium can be sprayed over a wider range, the cooling performance of the battery pack (1) can be further improved. Furthermore, the propagation of thermal runaway between battery cells (100) can be more effectively prevented or delayed.

[0099]

[0100] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0101] When the sprinkler (400) is coupled to the water supply hole (310), a gap may be formed between the sprinkler (400) and the water supply hole (310). In this case, to improve the sealing force of the sprinkler (400), the battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include a sealing member (500), as shown in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8. The sealing member (500) may be interposed between the sprinkler (400) and the inner surface of the water supply hole (310). Additionally, the sealing member (500) may be interposed between the sprinkler (400) and the cooling plate (300). That is, the sealing member (500) may be provided in the coupling portion of the coupling part (410) and the water supply hole (310).

[0102] The sealing member (500) may be made of a material capable of ensuring watertightness. Additionally, the sealing member (500) may be made of a material having heat resistance and / or fire resistance. Thus, even if a thermal event occurs in the battery cell (100), the sealing member (500) may melt due to heat, thereby preventing the sprinkler (400) from separating from the water supply hole (310). For example, the sealing member (500) may be composed of silicone sealant. Alternatively, the sealing member (500) may be made of a rubber ring.

[0103] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, the sealing member (500) is applied to the joint portion of the joint portion (410) and the water supply hole (310), thereby improving the sealing performance between the sprinkler (400) and the water supply hole (310). Accordingly, leakage of the cooling medium from the water supply hole (310) can be minimized.

[0104]

[0105] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a battery module included in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0106] Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 9, a plurality of battery cells (100) may be grouped into one or more battery assemblies (10). That is, the battery pack (1) according to the present invention includes a plurality of battery assemblies (10), and the plurality of battery cells (100) included in the battery pack (1) may be divided and included in the plurality of battery assemblies (10). At this time, the multiple battery cells (100) included within the battery assembly (10) may be electrically connected to each other.

[0107] The battery assembly (10) may include a housing (11). The housing (11) may be configured to accommodate a battery cell (100) in the internal space by forming an empty space inside. That is, the housing (11) may group multiple battery cells (100) into multiple battery assemblies (10) and serve as a boundary that physically limits the internal space of each battery assembly (10).

[0108] The housing (11) may be made of a metal material having rigidity and heat resistance to physically or chemically protect the housed battery cell (100).

[0109] Additionally, the battery assembly (10) may include a busbar assembly and / or module terminals electrically connected to a plurality of battery cells (100).

[0110] The housing (11) of the battery assembly (10) can be configured to be in contact with the cooling plate (300). By doing so, heat from the battery assembly (10) can be transferred by the cooling medium inside the cooling plate (300), thereby ensuring the cooling performance of the battery assembly (10).

[0111] The housing (11) may be provided with a cooling hole (CH). The cooling hole (CH) may be formed by penetrating one side of the housing (11). For example, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the cooling hole (CH) may be formed on the upper surface of the housing (11).

[0112] The cooling hole (CH) can be configured to communicate with the water supply hole (310) of the cooling plate (300). The cooling hole (CH) can be configured to allow the cooling medium inside the cooling plate (300) to flow into the housing (11). That is, when a thermal event occurs in the battery assembly (10), the cooling medium within the cooling channel (CP) can flow into the inside of the housing (11) through the water supply hole (310) and the cooling hole (CH).

[0113] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, by introducing a cooling medium into the interior of the housing (11) and directly introducing the battery cells (100) inside the housing (11), the propagation of thermal runaway between the battery cells (100) can be effectively prevented or delayed. In addition, the cooling performance of the battery assembly (10) can be improved.

[0114]

[0115] FIG. 10 is a top view of the interior of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0116] A cooling hole (CH) may be formed at a position corresponding to the water supply hole (310). The cooling hole (CH) may be configured to face the water supply hole (310). Accordingly, the cooling hole (CH) may be configured to communicate directly with the water supply hole (310). Additionally, the cooling hole (CH) may be provided in a number corresponding to the water supply hole (310). Furthermore, the size of the cooling hole (CH) may be configured to be approximately the same as the size of the water supply hole (310). Moreover, as shown in FIG. 10, the cooling hole (CH) may also be arranged along the extension direction of the cooling channel (CP).

[0117] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, the cooling medium discharged from the cooling plate (300) through the water supply hole (310) can flow directly into the interior of the housing (11) through the cooling hole (CH). As a result, the battery assembly (10) can be cooled more quickly.

[0118]

[0119] FIG. 11 is a bottom perspective view of a battery module included in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0120] The housing (11) may be provided with a venting hole (VH). The venting hole (VH) may be formed by penetrating one side of the housing (11). For example, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the venting hole (VH) may be formed on the lower surface of the housing (11).

[0121] The venting hole (VH) can be configured to discharge the venting gas generated from the battery cell (100) to the outside of the housing (11). Accordingly, the battery assembly (10) may be capable of directional venting in one direction through the venting hole (VH).

[0122] Multiple venting holes (VH) may be provided. Multiple venting holes (VH) may be provided at regular intervals from each other in the horizontal direction.

[0123] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, high-temperature gas or flames generated in the battery cell (100) in the event of an abnormal situation of the battery cell (100) can be rapidly discharged to the outside of the battery assembly (10), thereby effectively preventing or delaying the propagation of thermal runaway between the battery cells (100).

[0124] The venting hole (VH) and the cooling hole (CH) may be positioned on different sides of the housing (11). For example, the cooling hole (CH) may be provided on the upper surface of the housing (11) and configured to face the cooling plate (300). Additionally, the venting hole (VH) may be provided on the lower surface of the housing (11).

[0125] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, the venting path and the cooling path of the battery assembly (10) can be separated. As a result, both the venting performance and the cooling performance of the battery pack (1) can be improved.

[0126]

[0127] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a case where a thermal event occurs in a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0128] Meanwhile, referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 12, the pack case (200) may include a base frame (210) and a plurality of side frames (220).

[0129] The base frame (210) can be configured to accommodate a plurality of battery assemblies (10). The base frame (210) can form the lower surface of the pack case (200) and can be provided in the shape of a square plate. Additionally, the base frame (210) can be provided with a flat upper surface so that the battery assembly (10) can be stably seated.

[0130] A plurality of side frames (220) may be provided extending upward from each corner of the base frame (210). A plurality of side frames (220) may be provided to surround the battery assembly (10). More specifically, the plurality of side frames (220) may each be provided as a right wall located at the +X direction side end of the base frame (210), a rear wall located at the +Y direction side end, a left wall located at the -X direction side end, and a front wall located at the -Y direction side end to form the sides of the pack case (200).

[0131] Additionally, the pack case (200) may include a cross beam (230). The cross beam (230) may be configured to partition the internal space of the pack case (200). The cross beam (230) may be configured to partition a plurality of battery assemblies (10). The cross beam (230) may be configured to extend along the left-right direction and / or the front-back direction of the pack case (200).

[0132] A plurality of cross beams (230) may be provided. The cross beams (230) may be provided to connect side frames (220) facing each other among a plurality of side frames (220). For example, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of battery assemblies (10) may be arranged in a 4-row, 2-column configuration by the cross beams (230).

[0133] Meanwhile, the pack case (200) may further include a cover frame (240). The cover frame (240) may be configured to cover the upper part of the battery assembly (10). The cover frame (240) may be provided to form the upper surface of the pack case (200). The cover frame (240) may be coupled to the side frame (220). Alternatively, the cover frame (240) may be provided integrated with the side frame (220).

[0134]

[0135] Referring to FIG. 12, a structure for venting high-temperature discharges, such as venting gas, to the outside of the pack case (200) will be explained in detail.

[0136] A venting channel (VP) may be formed in the pack case (200). The venting channel (VP) may refer to a passage through which venting gas, etc. flows. The venting channel (VP) may be configured to allow venting gas generated from the battery cell (100) to flow in. For example, the venting channel (VP) may be configured to allow venting gas discharged from the venting hole (VH) to flow. The venting channel (VP) may be provided inside the pack case (200).

[0137] The venting channel (VP) may include a first venting channel (VP1). The first venting channel (VP1) may be configured to allow venting gas discharged from the venting hole (VH) to flow in. For example, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the base frame (210) is provided with a hollow structure inside, and the first venting channel (VP1) may be defined as the hollow formed in the base frame (210).

[0138] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, venting gas or flame generated in a battery cell (100) can be introduced into a venting channel (VP) formed in a pack case (200) (see dotted arrow in FIG. 12). In this way, when a thermal event occurs in a battery cell (100) and high-temperature gas or flame is generated, the battery pack (1) according to the present invention can discharge the venting gas in a specific direction rather than in all directions.

[0139] Accordingly, high-temperature gas or flames can be quickly discharged to the outside of the battery pack (1) through the first venting channel (VP1), thereby minimizing heat propagation to other battery cells (100).

[0140] In addition, generally when gas is ejected from the battery cell (100), pieces of electrode plates or active materials inside the battery cell (100) may be discharged to the outside while heated to a high temperature, and such high-temperature particles may appear in the form of a spark. The battery pack (1) according to the present invention prevents high-temperature particles from being discharged from the battery cell (100) from immediately and easily escaping to the outside of the battery pack (1), and allows them to escape after their temperature is sufficiently lowered while moving through the first venting channel (VP1), thereby preventing them from acting as an ignition source outside the battery pack (1).

[0141]

[0142] FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 14 is an internal perspective view of a pack case included in a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0143] Referring to FIGS. 13 and 14, a discharge hole (211) may be formed on the inner surface of the pack case (200). The discharge hole (211) may be configured to discharge venting gas from the battery cell (100) to the first venting channel (VP1). That is, the discharge hole (211) may be configured to connect the first venting channel (VP1) with the receiving space of the battery cell (100). For example, the discharge hole (211) may be formed on the inner surface of the base frame (210).

[0144] These discharge holes (211) may be formed at a position corresponding to the venting hole (VH). Accordingly, the discharge holes (211) may be configured to communicate directly with the venting hole (VH). Additionally, the number of discharge holes (211) may correspond to the number of venting holes (VH). Furthermore, the size of the discharge holes (211) may be configured to be approximately the same as the size of the venting hole (VH).

[0145] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, venting gas or flames generated in the battery cell (100) inside the housing (11) can be directly introduced into the first venting channel (VP1) provided at the bottom through the venting hole (VH) and the discharge hole (211). Accordingly, the venting gas generated in the battery assembly (10) can be quickly discharged to the outside of the battery pack (1), thereby ensuring safe venting performance of the battery pack (1).

[0146]

[0147] Meanwhile, referring again to FIG. 12, a second venting channel (VP2) may be formed in the pack case (200). The second venting channel (VP2) may be provided as a hollow structure inside the pack case (200). That is, the second venting channel (VP2) may be defined as a hollow formed in any one of the frames of the pack case (200). The second venting channel (VP2) may be configured to be connected to the first venting channel (VP1). Additionally, the second venting channel (VP2) may be configured to communicate with the outside of the pack case (200).

[0148] Accordingly, the venting gas generated in any one battery cell (100) can flow into a first venting channel (VP1) connected to the battery cell (100) and move to a second venting channel (VP2) connected to the first venting channel (VP1).

[0149] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, when a thermal event occurs in any battery cell (100) or battery assembly (10), the movement of a fluid, such as venting gas, toward an adjacent battery cell (100) and / or battery assembly (10) can be minimized. Accordingly, the propagation of thermal runaway between the battery cells (100) and / or battery assemblies (10) can be effectively prevented or delayed. This ensures the safety and reliability of the battery pack (1).

[0150] For example, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12, the second venting channel (VP2) may be formed inside the side frame (220). The second venting channel (VP2) may be formed in all four walls of the side frame (220).

[0151] Accordingly, venting gas generated from the battery cell (100) can move to the first venting channel (VP1) formed in the base frame (210) and then move to the second venting channel (VP2) formed in the side frame (220). This venting gas can be discharged to the outside of the pack case (200).

[0152] To connect the first venting channel (VP1) and the second venting channel (VP2), a communication hole may be formed in the pack case (200). The communication hole may be configured to allow the first venting channel (VP1) and the second venting channel (VP2) to communicate with each other.

[0153] Furthermore, a third venting channel (VP3) may be formed in the pack case (200). The third venting channel (VP3) may be provided as a hollow structure inside the pack case (200). That is, the third venting channel (VP3) may be defined as a hollow formed in any one of the frames of the pack case (200). The third venting channel (VP3) may be configured to communicate with the first venting channel (VP1) and the second venting channel (VP2).

[0154] As a more specific example, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12, the third venting channel (VP3) can be formed in the cross beam (230). Accordingly, the venting gas generated from the battery cell (100), etc., can move to the first venting channel (VP1) formed in the base frame (210), and then move to the second venting channel (VP2) formed in the side frame (220) as well as to the third venting channel (VP3) formed in the cross beam (230).

[0155] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, venting gas, etc. discharged from a battery cell (100) or battery assembly (10) in contact with the cross beam (230) can move directly to a third venting channel (VP3) formed in the cross beam (230), so that venting gas, etc. can be discharged more quickly to the outside of the pack case (200).

[0156]

[0157] Meanwhile, referring to FIGS. 2 and FIGS. 12, the pack case (200) may include a venting device (250).

[0158] The venting device (250) may be configured to discharge gas generated in the battery cell (100) to the outside of the pack case (200). The venting device (250) may be configured to open by the pressure of the venting gas and discharge the venting gas to the outside of the pack case (200) when the internal pressure rises due to the generation of venting gas inside the pack case (200).

[0159] The venting device (250) may be configured to open and close according to the internal pressure inside the pack case (200). Alternatively, the venting device (250) may be configured in the form of a hole. Meanwhile, the present invention is not limited by the specific type or form of such venting device (250), and various venting devices (250) known at the time of filing the present invention may be employed to constitute the battery pack (1) of the present invention.

[0160] Specifically, the venting device (250) may be provided on the side of the pack case (200), that is, on the side frame (220). Multiple venting devices (250) may be provided. The venting device (250) may be provided on at least one of the multiple side frames (220). The venting device (250) may be formed separately on each of two or more side frames (220), or two or more may be formed on a single side frame (220).

[0161] Meanwhile, the number or location of the venting device (250) described based on the embodiment of FIG. 2 is merely an example, and it is obvious that it can be changed to various other numbers or locations.

[0162] This venting device (250) may be configured to communicate with the second venting channel (VP2). Thus, the venting gas of the second venting channel (VP2) may be configured to be discharged to the outside of the pack case (200) through the venting device (250).

[0163] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, since the venting gas, etc. can move directly to the second venting channel (VP2) of the side frame (220) equipped with (250), the venting gas, etc. can be quickly discharged to the outside of the pack case (200). By doing so, safe venting performance of the battery pack (1) can be secured.

[0164] The direction in which the venting gas is discharged when high-temperature venting gas or flames are generated in any battery cell (100) is explained in detail. The venting gas flows into a first venting channel (VP1) located at the bottom of the battery cell (100) through the discharge hole (211), and the venting gas flowing through the first venting channel (VP1) may flow into a second venting channel (VP2) and / or a third venting channel (VP3). The venting gas flowing through the third venting channel (VP3) may move to the second venting channel (VP2). This venting gas may be discharged to the outside of the pack case (200) through (250) which is in communication with the second venting channel (VP2).

[0165]

[0166] Meanwhile, if a cooling medium flows into the interior of the housing (11) through the water supply hole (310) and the cooling hole (CH), a short circuit may occur in the battery cell (100) if the cooling medium accumulates inside the housing (11).

[0167] To solve these problems, a battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention may be configured so that a cooling medium introduced into the housing (11) is discharged to the outside of the housing (11).

[0168] For example, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the venting hole (VH) may be configured to discharge the cooling medium introduced through the cooling hole (CH) to the outside of the housing (11).

[0169] As in the above embodiment of the present invention, the cooling medium can be properly discharged to the outside of the housing (11) through the venting hole (VH) so that a short circuit in the battery cell (100) can be prevented or suppressed.

[0170] At this time, the venting hole (VH) may be positioned on the surface of the housing (11) facing the cooling hole (CH). For example, the cooling hole (CH) may be provided on the upper surface of the housing (11), and the venting hole (VH) may be provided on the lower surface of the housing (11).

[0171] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, the cooling medium introduced from the cooling hole (CH) can naturally flow toward the venting hole (VH) by gravity. As a result, the cooling medium inside the housing (11) can be discharged to the outside of the housing (11) through the venting hole (VH) without any residue, thereby more effectively preventing or suppressing the occurrence of a short circuit in the battery cell (100).

[0172] Furthermore, the cooling medium discharged through the venting hole (VH) can be configured to flow into the first venting channel (VP1) through the discharge hole (211) (see bold arrow in FIG. 13).

[0173] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, as the cooling medium flows in the first venting channel (VP1), the cooling medium discharged to the outside of the housing (11) through the venting hole (VH) can be prevented from affecting other battery assemblies (10), etc. By doing so, a short circuit in a normal battery assembly (10) can be prevented.

[0174]

[0175] FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of a vehicle including a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0176] Referring to FIG. 15, a vehicle (V) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include one or more battery packs (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle (V) according to the present invention may be, for example, an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or a plug-in hybrid vehicle. The vehicle (V) may include a four-wheeled vehicle and a two-wheeled vehicle. The vehicle (V) may operate by receiving power from a battery pack (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0177]

[0178] Although the present invention has been described above by limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is obvious that various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention and the equivalent scope of the claims described below by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

Claims

Multiple battery cells; A pack case accommodating the above plurality of battery cells; A cooling plate having a cooling channel filled with a cooling medium inside the above-mentioned pack case and a water supply hole configured to discharge the cooling medium from the cooling channel toward the battery cell side, and A battery pack characterized by including a sprinkler coupled to the above-mentioned water supply hole. In paragraph 1, A battery pack characterized in that the sprinkler is configured to spray the cooling medium from the water supply hole when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell. In paragraph 1, The above sprinkler is A coupling part configured to be coupled to the above-mentioned water supply hole, A cover part configured to be coupled to the above-mentioned coupling part and to cover the above-mentioned water supply hole, A heat-sensing part connected to the above-mentioned cover part and configured to detect heat, and A battery pack characterized by having a spray unit connected to the above-mentioned thermal sensor and configured to spray the above-mentioned cooling medium. In paragraph 3, A battery pack characterized in that the above-described thermal sensor is configured to rupture at a temperature above a certain level when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell. In paragraph 3, A battery pack characterized in that the above-mentioned cover portion is configured to be separated from the above-mentioned water supply hole when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell. In paragraph 1, A battery pack characterized in that the sprinkler above is configured as a glass bulb type. In paragraph 1, A battery pack characterized in that the sprinkler above is configured as a fuse link type. In paragraph 1, A battery pack characterized by further including a sealing member interposed between the sprinkler and the inner surface of the water supply hole. In paragraph 1, A battery pack characterized by further including a housing that accommodates the plurality of battery cells and has a cooling hole configured to communicate with the water supply hole on one side. In Paragraph 9, The above housing is A battery pack characterized by having a venting hole configured to discharge venting gas generated from the battery cell to the outside. An automobile characterized by including a battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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